JP2012112298A - Heat generating machine and wind-force thermal power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heat generating machine that generates heat by a simple and inexpensive structure while suppressing heat generation of a rotor itself, and a wind-force thermal power generation system including the heat generating machine as a constituent element.SOLUTION: The heat generating machine 30 includes: a rotor 31 made of a ferromagnetic body; a magnetic-field forming part 34 for forming a magnetic field in a direction intersecting with the rotating direction of the rotor 31; a container 36 for holding liquid 37 in which at least a part of the rotor 31 is immersed; and piping 38 passing in the liquid 37 and allowing heat-exchanging fluid to pass thereinside.

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat generator and a wind power generation system, and more particularly to a heat generator using heat generated by eddy current and a wind power generation system including the heat generator as a component.

  As a power generator using natural energy, for example, a wind power generator as disclosed in Patent Document 1 is known. In the said patent document 1, a windmill is rotated with a wind and the rotational energy of the said windmill is converted into electrical energy with the generator.

JP 2007-2773 A

  In the wind power generator disclosed in Patent Document 1, the wind turbine stops when the wind stops, and power generation also stops immediately. Therefore, even when environmental conditions such as wind change, power generation can be performed stably. Improvement is desired so that it can be done. In order to perform such stable power generation, for example, it is conceivable that the rotational energy of the windmill is temporarily converted into another energy such as heat and stored, and the generated power is constantly used for the power generation. In conventional wind power generators, it has not been possible to temporarily convert rotational energy into such intermediate energy (heat energy). Further, from the viewpoint of economy, it is desirable that such an energy conversion mechanism has a simple structure as much as possible.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat generator capable of converting kinetic energy (rotational energy) in wind power generation into heat energy with a simple and inexpensive configuration, and It is to provide a wind power generation system including a heat generator as a component.

  The inventor has completed the present invention by diligently researching the wind power generation system. In other words, if the rotational energy of the wind turbine in the wind power generator is once converted into thermal energy, and the thermal energy is stored and used for power generation, it is thought that power generation can be stably performed without being greatly influenced by the wind condition. .

  On the other hand, as a mechanism for converting rotational energy into heat energy, for example, a chassis dynamo and a dynamometer are known. However, the use of these configurations for wind power generation has not been studied in the past because their technical fields are completely different. As the inventors proceeded with studies on the problems related to the wind power generator as described above, the mechanism for converting rotation energy to heat energy (heat generation using eddy current), which has not been focused in the field of wind power generation, has been I got the idea of applying it to a generator. Based on such an idea, the heat generator according to the present invention includes a rotor made of a ferromagnetic material, a magnetic field forming unit that forms a magnetic field in a direction crossing the rotation direction of the rotor, and at least a part of the rotor. And a pipe that passes through the liquid and through which the fluid for heat exchange passes.

  In the heat generator of the present invention, the rotor is heated only in a region affected by the magnetic field formed by the magnetic field forming unit. Since the area where the rotor is heated is immersed in the liquid, the rotor heat is immediately transferred to the liquid. The rotor heat transferred to the liquid is transferred to a heat exchange fluid passing through the inside of the pipe. The heat of the heat exchange fluid is transported to the outside as heat energy. The heat generator of the present invention having the simple structure as described above can transport the heat of the rotor to the outside with high efficiency while easily cooling the rotor.

  In the above heat generator, the boiling point of the liquid is preferably 200 ° C. or higher. By increasing the boiling point of the liquid in which the rotating body is immersed, it is possible to suppress the liquid from evaporating in the container that holds the liquid. When the rotating body comes into contact with the liquid, heat is transferred to the liquid, and when the rotating body is cooled, the efficiency of heat transfer from the rotating body to the liquid increases.

  In the above heat generator, the magnetic field forming unit preferably includes a coil that forms a magnetic field when an electric current flows inside. Due to the magnetic field generated by the current flowing through the coil, an eddy current as an induced current flows inside the surrounding rotor. By arranging the magnetic field forming unit and the rotor, the rotor can be induction-heated with a simple configuration.

  In the above heat generator, the coil is preferably made of a superconducting material. If a superconducting material is used as the coil, a high current can be passed through the coil. As a result, since the coil forms a larger magnetic field, the rotor generates heat more efficiently.

  A wind thermal power generation system according to the present invention includes a windmill, a heat generator that is connected to the windmill and generates heat by rotation of the windmill, a heat storage section that is connected to the heat generator and stores heat generated in the heat generator, and a heat storage section. And a power generation unit that converts heat stored in the heat storage unit into electricity. The heat generator is the heat generator of the present invention, and the rotor is rotated by the rotation of the windmill.

  In the wind thermal power generation system of the present invention, the heat generator of the present invention having an inexpensive and simple structure is employed as the heat generator. Therefore, the whole wind thermal power generation system can be made inexpensive and simple. In addition, the rotational energy of the windmill is stored in the heat storage unit as heat energy, and the heat stored in the heat storage unit is converted into electricity by the power generation unit, so that power generation is stably performed without being directly influenced by the rotation state of the windmill. be able to.

  As is apparent from the above description, according to the heat generator and the wind power generation system of the present invention, it is possible to provide a heat generator having an inexpensive and simple structure and a wind power generation system including the heat generator as a component. Can do.

It is the schematic which shows the structure of a wind thermal power generation system. It is the schematic which shows the structure of a heat generating machine. It is the schematic which looked at the structure of the heat generator from the direction of 90 degrees with respect to FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will not be repeated.

  Referring to FIG. 1, wind power generation system 1 in the present embodiment is connected to wind turbine 10, heat generator 30 that is connected to wind turbine 10 and generates heat by rotation of wind turbine 10, and is connected to heat generator 30. The heat storage part 40 which stores the heat which generate | occur | produced in 30 and the electric power generation part 50 which is connected to the heat storage part 40 and converts the heat stored in the heat storage part 40 into electricity are provided. The windmill 10 includes a main shaft 11 and a blade 12 that protrudes in the radial direction from the main shaft 11 and rotates the main shaft 11 in the circumferential direction by receiving wind. The heat generator 30 is connected to the main shaft 11 of the windmill 10 and generates heat by the rotation of the main shaft 11. Further, the heat generator 30 is housed in a nacelle 20 disposed adjacent to the rear of the windmill 10. The windmill 10 and the nacelle 20 are arranged on the tower 81 via the rotation support portion 21.

  The heat storage unit 40 is connected to the heat generator 30 via pipes 91, 96, and 97, and holds a fluid as a heat medium heated in the heat generator 30. Various fluids can be employed as the fluid as the heat medium, but water is employed as an example of the present embodiment. The power generation unit 50 includes a steam turbine 51 and a generator 52 that generates power by the rotation of the steam turbine 51. The steam turbine 51 is connected to the heat storage unit 40 by a pipe 92 and is rotated by water vapor supplied through the pipe 92. The rotation is transmitted to the generator 52 and used for power generation.

  The wind thermal power generation system 1 further includes a condenser 60 and pumps 71 and 72. The condenser 60 is connected to the steam turbine 51 by a pipe 93. The steam that has passed through the steam turbine 51 is supplied to the condenser 60 via the pipe 93, and the steam is returned to liquid water in the condenser 60. A pipe 61 and a pipe 62 are connected to the condenser 60. The condenser 60 is supplied with cooling water for cooling the water vapor and returning it to the water through the pipe 61, and is discharged through the pipe 62. The pump 71 is connected to the condenser 60 by a pipe 94 and is connected to the heat storage unit 40 by a pipe 95. The pump 72 is connected to the heat storage unit 40 by a pipe 96 and is connected to the heat generator 30 accommodated in the nacelle 20 on the tower 81 by a pipe 97. The heat storage unit 40, the power generation unit 50, and the condenser 60 are disposed in the power generation chamber 82.

  Next, the operation of the wind thermal power generation system 1 will be described. Referring to FIG. 1, when the blade 12 receives wind, the windmill 10 rotates, so that the main shaft 11 rotates around the axis. The rotation of the main shaft 11 is converted into heat in the heat generator 30 in the nacelle 20. The specific configuration of the heat generator 30 will be described later. The heat generated in the heat generator 30 is used to heat water as a heat medium. The heated water becomes steam (or pressurized hot water or a mixture of steam and hot water) and reaches the heat storage unit 40 through the pipe 91. And the said water vapor | steam and / or hot water are stored in the thermal storage part 40 in the state of high temperature and high pressure.

  The steam generated from the steam or hot water stored in the heat storage unit 40 is supplied to the steam turbine 51 through the pipe 92 and the steam turbine 51 rotates. Then, the rotation of the steam turbine 51 is converted into electricity in the generator 52, and power generation is achieved.

  The steam used to rotate the steam turbine 51 reaches the condenser 60 through the pipe 93. In the condenser 60, the water vapor is cooled and returned to liquid water. This water is sent to the pump 71 through the pipe 94. Then, the pump 71 returns the water to the heat storage unit 40 through the pipe 95. On the other hand, the water in the heat storage unit 40 is sent to the pump 72 through the pipe 96. The pump 72 supplies water to the heat generator 30 through the pipe 97. That is, circulation of water that enters the heat storage unit 40 from the heat generator 30 and returns from the heat storage unit 40 to the heat generator 30, and circulation of water that returns from the heat storage unit 40 to the heat storage unit 40 through the steam turbine 51 and the condenser 60. Is formed. In this way, water as a heat medium circulates in the wind power generation system 1.

  In the wind thermal power generation system 1, the rotational energy of the windmill 10 can be converted into thermal energy and accumulated, and power can be generated using the thermal energy as necessary. Therefore, it is possible to omit an expensive power storage device that is necessary in a wind power generation system that directly converts the rotational energy of the windmill 10 into electric energy. In addition, relatively stable power generation can be performed without being greatly affected by wind conditions.

  Next, the heat generator 30 in this Embodiment accommodated in the nacelle 20 is demonstrated with reference to FIGS. The heat generator 30 according to the present embodiment includes a rotor 31 made of a ferromagnetic material, a magnetic field forming unit 34 that forms a magnetic field in a direction crossing the rotation direction of the rotor 31, and at least a part of the rotor 31 is immersed. And a pipe 38 that passes through the liquid 37 and through which a fluid as a heat medium heated by the heat generator 30 passes.

  The rotor 31 stored in the container 36 has, for example, a disk shape, and a shaft 35 is fixed at the center thereof. The rotor 31 is rotatable about a shaft 35 along the circumferential direction of the disk shape. The shaft 35 extends in a direction intersecting the rotation direction of the rotor 31, and penetrates the center of the rotor 31 in a direction intersecting the rotation direction of the rotor 31. Further, the iron core 33 has, for example, a configuration in which a component extending in the vertical direction in FIG. 3 and a component extending in the horizontal direction in FIG. 3 are integrated (a configuration in which a part of the circumference of the annular member is cut away). It is preferable that the container 36 and the rotor 31 be disposed so that a part of the container 36 and the rotor 31 are sandwiched between a part of the iron core 33.

  The magnetic field forming unit 34 includes a coil 32 that forms a magnetic field α when an electric current flows therein, and an iron core 33 around which the coil 32 is wound. The coil 32 is preferably made of a superconducting material. The pipe 38 is connected to a pipe 91 (see FIG. 1), and the pipe 38 is connected to the fluid vapor, for example, water vapor, pressurized hot fluid, for example hot water, or a mixture of the above and the thermal fluid. Pass through. The shaft 35 is connected to the main shaft 11, and the rotor 31 fixed to the shaft 35 rotates when the windmill 10 (main shaft 11) rotates.

  As the liquid 37, it is preferable to use, for example, olefin / paraffin oil, silicon oil, aromatic hydrocarbon, molten salt, liquid metal sodium, or the like. The maximum temperature at which the liquid 37 can be heated is determined depending on which of the above is used. For example, some molten salts can be used as liquids even at high temperatures above 450 ° C. However, the liquid 37 is preferably a substance having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher.

  Here, the operation of the heat generator 30 will be described. When a current is passed through the coil 32 wound around the iron core 33, the magnetic field forming unit 34 becomes an electromagnet, and a magnetic field α is formed. The rotor 31 disposed at a position sandwiched between the magnetic field forming units 34 rotates as the windmill 10 rotates. At this time, the magnitude of the magnetic field α penetrating the rotor 31 with respect to the direction intersecting the rotation direction of the rotor 31 varies with time in each portion of the rotor 31. For this reason, an eddy current resulting from the time change of the magnetic field α is generated inside the rotor 31, and Joule heat corresponding to the eddy current and the electrical resistance of the rotor 31 is generated.

  Heat generated in the rotor 31 is transmitted to the liquid 37 in which a part of the rotor 31 is immersed, and the liquid 37 is heated. Due to the heat of the liquid 37, a fluid such as water flowing inside the pipe 38 disposed inside the liquid 37 is heated to become steam or hot water. This water vapor and / or hot water reaches the inside of the pipe 91 connected to the pipe 38 and then reaches the heat storage section 40 as described above and is generated by the generator 52.

  Here, it is not necessary to make the space between the rotor 31 and the container 36, that is, the inside of the container 36 airtight, and a rotary joint for rotating the rotor 31 is not essential. For this reason, the heat generator 30 has a simple structure that can be manufactured at low cost.

  The liquid 37 is made of a substance having a relatively high boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher. For this reason, vaporization of the heated liquid 37 inside the container 36 is suppressed. Since the liquid 37 is not easily vaporized even when heated, the heat transfer efficiency from the rotor 31 to the liquid 37 is easily ensured, and overheating of the rotor 31 is suppressed.

  2, the magnetic field forming unit 34 is disposed in the central portion of the rotor 31. However, the magnetic field forming unit 34 may be arranged on either the left or right side of the rotor 31 according to the rotation direction of the rotor 31. In this way, the time change of the magnetic field α penetrating the rotor 31 according to the rotation state of the rotor 31 can be further increased, and the heat generation efficiency of the rotor 31 can be further increased.

  In FIGS. 2 and 3, thermal insulation between the container 36 and the outside may be performed so as to cover the entire container 36 together with the iron core 33 (a heat insulating material is disposed). In this case, it is preferable to keep the coil 32 below the rated temperature by thermally insulating the coil 32 from the iron core 33 and the container 36 that become hot.

  In addition, when performing thermal insulation between the container 36 and the iron core 33, it is preferable to dispose a material for heat insulation (heat insulating material) between the iron core 33 and the container 36. At this time, the distance between the iron cores 33 sandwiching the container 36 is increased by the material for thermal insulation, and the strength of the magnetic field α transmitted from the iron core 33 to the rotor 31 may be reduced. At this time, if a superconducting material is used as the coil 32, the value of the current flowing through the coil 32 can be further increased. As a result, the magnetic field α formed by the magnetic field forming unit 34 can be made stronger, and the value of the eddy current in the rotor 31 can be made larger. That is, heat can be generated more efficiently. Even when a material for thermal insulation is not used, the coil 32 made of a superconducting material may be used.

  The embodiment disclosed this time is to be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  The heat generator and the wind power generation system of the present invention can be particularly advantageously applied to a heat generator using heat generated by an eddy current and a wind power generation system including the heat generator as a component.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind thermal power generation system, 10 Windmill, 11 Main shaft, 12 Blade, 20 Nacelle, 30 Heat generator, 31 Rotor, 32 Coil, 33 Iron core, 34 Magnetic field formation part, 35 Axis, 36 Container, 37 Liquid, 38 Piping, 40 heat storage unit, 50 power generation unit, 51 steam turbine, 52 generator, 60 condenser, 71, 72 pump, 81 tower, 82 power generation chamber, 91-97 piping.

Claims (5)

A rotor made of ferromagnetic material,
A magnetic field forming unit that forms a magnetic field in a direction crossing the rotation direction of the rotor;
A container holding a liquid in which at least a portion of the rotor is immersed;
A heat generator comprising: a pipe that passes through the liquid and through which a fluid for heat exchange passes.   The heat generator according to claim 1, wherein the liquid has a boiling point of 200 ° C or higher.   The heat generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnetic field forming unit includes a coil that forms a magnetic field when an electric current flows therethrough.   The heat generator according to claim 3, wherein the coil is made of a superconducting material. With a windmill,
A heat generator connected to the windmill and generating heat by rotation of the windmill;
A heat storage unit connected to the heat generator and storing heat generated in the heat generator;
A power generation unit that is connected to the heat storage unit and converts heat stored in the heat storage unit into electricity;
The heat generator is the heat generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The rotor is a wind thermal power generation system that rotates by rotation of the windmill.

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