JP2012106554A - Rail car rocking measuring instrument, and method of measuring rail car rocking - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rail car rocking measuring instrument capable of performing unmanned measurement of rail car rocking in a running test of a rail car and of achieving labor-saving in measuring the car rocking and consequently cost reduction, and to provide a method of measuring the car rocking.SOLUTION: The rail car rocking measuring instrument measures the car rocking by detecting acceleration in the longitudinal direction, transverse direction and vertical direction of the car by a 3-axis acceleration sensor 12 installed on the car running on a track. The instrument is structured so as to determine that the car is stopped at a station when fluctuation of acceleration in the longitudinal direction, transverse direction and vertical direction of the car detected by the 3-axis acceleration sensor 12 is 0.2 m/sover the period of at least 15 seconds. In addition, the instrument identifies a station where the car is stopped by measuring car inclination from values of acceleration in the longitudinal direction, transverse direction and vertical direction of the car while the car is stopped at a station and by comparing with database created beforehand of the car inclination while the car is stopped at each station.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle sway measuring device and a vehicle sway measuring method, and is particularly suitable for being applied to record analysis of a track state by dynamic sway measurement in a running test of a railway vehicle.

  Recording and analyzing the state of the track by dynamic vibration measurement in a running test of a rail vehicle accurately grasps the state of the track, and if the state is bad, takes appropriate measures to maintain the track in a good state Therefore, it is important for improving the ride comfort of passengers and realizing safe driving of vehicles. In this dynamic vibration measurement, it is necessary to accurately measure the position of the vehicle on the track (distance from a predetermined reference point). In other words, it is necessary to accurately measure at which position on the track the measurement value of the vehicle motion is.

  The present applicant previously installed a three-axis acceleration sensor installed in a vehicle traveling on a track to detect vehicle vibration, and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, left-right direction, and up-down direction of the vehicle, and the vehicle A GPS antenna and a GPS receiver installed on the vehicle, and positional information acquired by the GPS signal received by the GPS receiver by the GPS antenna and the vehicle longitudinal direction detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor The position of the vehicle is corrected based on the acceleration, and the station stop signal input by the measurer when the vehicle is stopped at the station and the structure input by the measurer when the vehicle passes through the structure A vehicle running motion analysis system that corrects the travel distance of the vehicle based on an object signal has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 3993222

  According to the vehicle running motion analysis system of Patent Document 1, in addition to correcting the vehicle position information based on the position information acquired from the GPS signal received by the GPS receiver by the GPS antenna, the vehicle stops at the station. The traveling distance of the vehicle is corrected by the station stop signal input by the measurer when the vehicle is moving and the structure signal input by the measurer when the vehicle passes through the structure. In addition, even if there are sections where GPS signals cannot be received, such as tunnels, covered stations, underground tracks, etc., it is possible to accurately obtain vehicle movement measurements with high position accuracy or distance accuracy, and pass about a kilometer. Each time the measurer does not need to write the point information on the recording paper, it does not place a burden on the measurer. Equipment for obtaining a rotation pulse wheel can be suppressed is because the cost is low not required.

  However, in the vehicle running vibration analysis system of Patent Document 1, it is necessary for the measurer to input a station stop signal when the vehicle is stopped at the station. There was a problem that the cost of the would become high.

  Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the vehicle vibration measurement can be performed unmanned in the running test of the railway vehicle, and labor saving of the vehicle vibration measurement can be achieved, so that the cost can be reduced. It is to provide a measuring device and a vehicle shake measuring method.

  The above and other problems of the present invention will become apparent from the description of the present specification with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that when a vehicle traveling on a track arrives at a station, the variation in acceleration in the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction of the vehicle is at least 15 It has been found that the vehicle can be determined to be stopped at the station when it is 0.2 m / s ² or less over a second.

  On the other hand, according to the knowledge independently obtained by the present inventors, the inclination of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at the station differs from station to station. Therefore, a database of the vehicle inclination when the vehicle is stopped at each station is created in advance, and the vehicle is determined based on the acceleration values in the longitudinal and lateral directions and the vertical direction of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at the station. It is possible to identify the station where the vehicle is stopped by measuring the inclination of the vehicle and comparing it with the above-prepared vehicle inclination database. This makes it possible to automate the identification of the stop station as well as the determination of whether or not the vehicle is stopped at the station.

The present invention has been devised based on the above-mentioned knowledge obtained independently by the present inventors.
That is, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station when fluctuations in the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds. It is comprised so that it may determine, It is a vehicle shake measuring apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.

In addition, this invention
A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle while the vehicle is traveling by the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station when fluctuations in the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds. It is a vehicle motion measurement method characterized by determining.

In addition, this invention
A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station when fluctuations in the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds. It is configured to determine and the inclination of the vehicle is measured based on acceleration values in the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at the station, and is created in advance. The vehicle oscillation measuring device is characterized in that the station where the vehicle is stopped is identified by collating with a database of the inclination of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at each station.

In addition, this invention
A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station when fluctuations in the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds. The vehicle inclination is measured based on the acceleration values in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at the station. A vehicle oscillation measurement method characterized by identifying a station where the vehicle is stopped by collating with a database of vehicle inclination when the vehicle is stopped.

In addition, this invention
A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station, the inclination of the vehicle is measured by the longitudinal, lateral and vertical acceleration values of the vehicle, and the vehicle is stopped at each station created in advance. A vehicle oscillation measuring device characterized in that a station where the vehicle is stopped is identified by collating with a database of the vehicle inclination at the time.

In addition, this invention
A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station, the inclination of the vehicle is measured by the longitudinal, lateral and vertical acceleration values of the vehicle, and the vehicle is stopped at each station created in advance. It is a vehicle motion measuring method characterized in that the station where the vehicle is stopped is identified by collating with a database of the vehicle inclination at the time.

  In the above invention, the determination that the vehicle is stopped at the station based on the fluctuation values of the acceleration in the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction of the vehicle detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor is preferably a vehicle door. Correct by open / close signal. Specifically, the above determination is validated when a door open signal is detected, and the above determination is invalid when a door open signal is not detected. If necessary, the above determination may be validated when a door closing signal is not detected, and the above judgment may be invalidated when a door closing signal is detected. Both of these signals may be detected to determine whether the above determination is valid or invalid. In addition, when a vehicle passes through a turnout or a curved part of a track, the lateral acceleration of the vehicle shows a characteristic change, and this characteristic change causes the vehicle to stop at the station. You may make it correct | amend the determination that it is doing.

  Measurement of the position of a vehicle traveling on a track (or acquisition of vehicle position information) can be performed by using a conventionally known technique. For example, the position of the vehicle can be measured by using at least one of acceleration twice in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a speed generator signal, a point detection signal, and a GPS signal. Here, the speed generator signal is an existing signal on the vehicle side. The point detection signal is also an existing signal on the vehicle side, and is, for example, at least one of an ATC (Automatic Train Control) signal and an ATS (Automatic Train Stop) signal. When using a GPS signal, a GPS antenna and a GPS receiver are installed in the vehicle, and the GPS signal is received by the GPS receiver. Moreover, you may correct | amend the position of a vehicle using the track database produced previously. Further, the latitude and longitude of the selected position on the trajectory may be acquired by a GPS receiver, and the position of the vehicle may be corrected when the vehicle passes through the approximate point.

  The vehicle shake measuring device is typically installed permanently in the vehicle, but is not limited to this, and may be installed in the vehicle when performing shake measurement. When measuring the vibration of a train of trains traveling on a track, the vehicle fluctuation measuring device is typically installed in a vehicle before and after the train, for example, in a driver's cab or a conductor's cabin.

  The vehicle includes everything as long as it travels on a track. Specifically, it includes vehicles such as trains, trains (including subway trains), monorails, new transportation systems, roller coasters, lifts, and cable cars.

According to the present invention, the vehicle stops at the station when fluctuations in the longitudinal, lateral, and vertical accelerations detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds. By determining that the vehicle is stopped, it is possible to automate the determination of whether or not the vehicle is stopped at the station, and the measurer is unnecessary. For this reason, in the running test of the railway vehicle, it is possible to perform the unsteady vehicle vibration measurement, and to save labor of the vehicle vibration measurement, and thus to reduce the cost.

  In addition, the vehicle is measured when the vehicle is stopped at each station, and the vehicle inclination is measured based on the acceleration values in the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at the station. The station where the vehicle is stopped can be automatically identified by collating with the database of the slope of the vehicle.

1 is a block diagram showing a vehicle vibration measuring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the detail inside the vehicle sway measuring device by 1st Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a perspective view showing an outer shape of a vehicle sway measurement device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the whole oscillation waveform at the time of A station-F station of the X main line of Hokkaido Railway Company recorded by the vehicle oscillation measuring apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the fluctuation waveform at the time of A station stop recorded by the vehicle fluctuation measuring apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the fluctuation waveform at the time of B station stop recorded by the vehicle fluctuation measuring apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the fluctuation waveform at the time of C station stop recorded by the vehicle fluctuation measuring apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the oscillation waveform at the time of D station stop recorded by the vehicle oscillation measuring apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the fluctuation waveform at the time of E station stop recorded by the vehicle fluctuation measuring apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the fluctuation waveform at the time of F station stop recorded by the vehicle fluctuation measuring apparatus by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the inclination waveform of the vehicle at the time of A station stop measured with the vehicle oscillation measuring apparatus by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the inclination waveform of the vehicle at the time of a B station stop measured with the vehicle oscillation measuring apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the inclination waveform of the vehicle at the time of C station stop measured with the vehicle oscillation measuring apparatus by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the inclination waveform of the vehicle at the time of D station stop measured by the vehicle oscillation measuring apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the inclination waveform of the vehicle at the time of E station stop measured with the vehicle oscillation measuring apparatus by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows the inclination waveform of the vehicle at the time of F station stop measured with the vehicle oscillation measuring apparatus by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a basic diagram for demonstrating the vehicle oscillation measuring apparatus by 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a vehicle shake measuring device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the details of the interior of the vehicle shake measuring device.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in this vehicle oscillation measuring device, a vertical acceleration sensor 12a that measures the vertical acceleration of a vehicle traveling on a track is measured in the main body 11, and the horizontal acceleration of the vehicle is measured. A three-axis acceleration sensor 12 including a lateral acceleration sensor 12b and a longitudinal acceleration sensor 12c for measuring the longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle is incorporated. A triaxial acceleration sensor 13 similar to the triaxial acceleration sensor 12 can also be installed outside the main body 11. The output terminals of the vertical acceleration sensor 13a, the lateral acceleration sensor 13b, and the longitudinal acceleration sensor 13c of the three-axis acceleration sensor 13 are connected to the terminals of the terminal block 14 of the main body 11. Which of the three-axis acceleration sensors 12 and 13 is used can be selected by operating the switch 15.

  From the triaxial acceleration sensors 12 and 13, accelerations in the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction of the vehicle are output as analog electrical signals, respectively. Outputs of the triaxial acceleration sensors 12 and 13 are sent to the vehicle shake measurement unit 16 in the main body 11. The outputs of the three-axis acceleration sensors 12 and 13 sent to the vehicle shake measurement unit 16 are amplified by acceleration amplifiers 18a, 18b, and 18c for acceleration in the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction of the vehicle via the multiplexer 17, respectively. And output as acceleration signals in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle, respectively. These acceleration signals are passed through low-pass filters 19a, 19b, 19c (for example, DC to 8 Hz) to extract low-frequency components, and then converted into digital signals by the A / D converter 20 and sent to the CPU 21. . For example, a 16-bit A / D converter 20 is used.

  The vehicle shake measurement unit 16 is provided with a memory 22, an RTC (real time clock) chip 23, and an SD card socket 24. An MMC (multimedia card) 25 is inserted into the SD card socket 24. As the memory 22, for example, an SRAM (static RAM) having a capacity of 1 MB is used. As the RTC chip 23, for example, a chip having a frequency of 32.768 kHz is used. In addition, a USB module board 26 is installed in the vehicle motion measurement unit 16, and a Type A USB connector 27 is installed on the USB module board 26. A USB memory 28 can be connected to the USB connector 27. The USB memory 28 is used for storing data for setting measurement conditions, recording fluctuation measurement data, and the like. The vehicle motion measurement unit 16 is further provided with a USB-serial converter 29 and a Type B USB connector 30. The vehicle sway measurement unit 16 can perform serial communication with an external device such as a computer connected to the USB connector 30 via the USB-serial converter 29.

  The vehicle sway measurement device can take in a speed generator signal (for example, AC 0.5 V to AC 150 V) from a speed generator installed in the vehicle from a terminal of the terminal block 14. This speed generator signal is supplied to the isolated DC-DC converter 31. The isolated DC-DC converter 31 includes resistors 32, 33, 34, an inverting amplifier 35, an amplitude limiting filter 36, a comparator 37, a TTL 38, and a frequency (F) / speed (V) converter 39. The speed signal from the F / V converter 39 is sent to the A / D converter 20, converted into a digital signal, and sent to the CPU 21.

  Further, the vehicle sway measuring device can take out a door opening / closing signal of the vehicle from a connection box provided in the cab, and can take in the door opening / closing signal from a terminal of the terminal block 14. This door opening / closing signal is sent to the CPU 21 via an insulated DC-DC converter (not shown).

  In addition, an ATC signal (ATC pulse) can be taken in from the terminal of the terminal block 14 as a point detection signal in the vehicle motion measuring device. This ATC signal is sent to the isolated DC-DC converter 40 and sent to the CPU 21 via the TTL 41.

  In addition, a GPS signal can be taken into the vehicle vibration measuring device. Specifically, a GPS antenna 42 is connected to a BNC connector provided on the main body 11 by a coaxial cable. Then, using this GPS antenna 42, the GPS receiving unit 43 receives a GPS signal transmitted from an artificial satellite. The GPS signal is amplified and sent to the CPU 21.

  A panel 44 is provided on the main body 11. The panel 44 is provided with various switches and display elements (such as light emitting diodes) necessary for the operation of the vehicle vibration measuring device. Specifically, the panel 44 includes, for example, a recording switch / LED 45, a measurement switch / LED 46, a stop switch / LED 47, a power switch / LED 48, a speed operation LED 49 indicating that a speed generator signal is being used, and an ATC signal. An ATC operation LED 50 indicating that the device is used is provided.

  The main body 11 is provided with a terminal block 51, and AC 100 V power is supplied to the terminal block 51. The AC 100V power source is converted into a DC power source by the insulated AC-DC converter 52 and sent to the power source unit 53. The DC power is supplied to various elements and circuits of the vehicle vibration measuring device. The CPU 21 is backed up by a battery 54.

  An example of the outer shape of the main body 11 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the main body 11 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, for example. The external dimensions of the main body 11 are, for example, a width of 180 mm, a depth of 176 mm, and a height of 76 mm (excluding legs). A panel 44 is installed on one surface of the main body 11.

This vehicle vibration measuring device mainly has the following four functions.
・ Measurement condition setting (to memory media)
・ Oscillation measurement (recording of oscillation data to memory media)
・ Reading and analyzing measurement data (from memory media)
・ Creation of alarm data file ・ Creation of data file for rackbox

The function of this vehicle shake measuring device will be described in order below.
(1) Measurement condition setting 1 (ATC point information)
As route information, ATC installation point information is created as a mark signal as a route data file.
(The first 8 characters are alphanumeric)

(2) Measurement condition setting 2
Set the measurement conditions for acquiring sway data.
Set the following conditions:
File name Set with an 8-digit abbreviation (eg SA-KU-D1)
ATC information setting Select with / without distance calculation mode Speed generator / GPS for both use Wheel diameter Set with 8-digit number (example 0860.000) [mm]
Speed generator pulse rate Set with an 8-digit number (ex. 060.00000) [p / r]
Data storage Fixed to 3 channels (up / down, left / right, front / back) Sample mode Select distance sample / time sample Set clock division ratio 1/1 to 1/99 (example 1/16, 1/24, etc.)
Recording frequency band Fixed at DC-8Hz

(3) Creation of data recording memory medium (1) The measurement condition file created in (2) is stored in the USB memory 28 and used as a data recording medium.
A USB memory having a capacity of 1 Gbyte is used.

(4) Data measurement and recording The following procedure is used to record motion data.
The USB memory 28 is inserted into the USB connector 27 of the vehicle sway measurement device, and the device is turned on.
When the vehicle is stopped, press the measurement start button to start measurement and recording.
At the end of measurement, press the measurement stop button to stop measurement and recording.
The power supply of the vehicle shake measuring device is turned off, and the USB memory 28 is removed from the USB connector 27.
Similar data is stored in the memory 22 and the USB memory 28.
The memory 22 is a ring memory, and the latest data is always stored.
The stored data includes the presence / absence of a triaxial acceleration signal, speed signal, and ATC signal.
It is also assumed that GPS data can be stored.

(5) Reading and analysis of data The data in the USB memory 28 that has been measured and recorded is read by a personal computer and used as a file.
Data can be played back on a personal computer and displayed as a trend graph.
In addition, values exceeding the set amplitude value can be listed as alarm values, and can be displayed and printed.

(6) Data reproduction and analysis Data reproduction and analysis are performed as follows.
(6.1) Analysis condition setting Various conditions for data analysis are set.
・ Analysis method Select the acceleration signal analysis method.
Select from the PP value in the rising direction, the PP value in the falling direction, or both directions.
(Default is set to PP value in falling direction)
• Alarm level Set the alarm judgment level for acceleration signals.
(If the acceleration exceeds the set judgment level, an alarm value will be
To judge)
Displays and stores the time, position, generation axis, and numerical value at the time of alarm occurrence.
(Set to 2.4 m / s ² as default)
-ATC analysis Selects whether or not the ATC signal distance is corrected.
・ GPS analysis Select whether to use GPS signal for kilometer correction.

(6.2) Display condition setting Sets various conditions for reproducing or analyzing the acquired waveform data and displaying it.
The display signal is an acceleration signal, speed data, ATC data, or the like.
・ DC component processing Acceleration display data is removed from DC to 0.3Hz.
Select whether to display or display raw data.
(Set to raw data as default)
-Display graph number Select the display number from 1, 2, or 3.
When the display number is 1, up to 3 signals can be overlaid.
・ Acceleration axis Set the display width of acceleration with minimum value, maximum value and scale value.
-Speed axis Set the display width of the speed with the minimum value, maximum value, and scale value.
• Display selection Signal selection for overlapping display, display selection for vertical position.
-Display line color Set the display line color of the graph.
・ Distance axis Set the distance display width using the minimum, maximum, scale, and auxiliary scale values.
Set the number of sections.

(7) Creation of alarm data file Amplitude analysis of recorded data is performed and an alarm data file is created.

(8) Creation of data file compatible with rabox Convert the recorded data to data compatible with rabox and create a file.
The converted file is a file that can be read and analyzed by the rabox.

(9) Recorded data file Save the acquired data to the hard disk.
The saved data can be played back.
The waveform data file is in binary format.
It is also possible to save text data format.

(10) Print The displayed graph and alarm data can be output to a printer.

(11) Communication The in-device information and recorded data shall be readable by a personal computer via serial communication.

The functions of measurement and recording by this vehicle vibration measuring device are as follows.
• The power switch is turned on.
Read the measurement conditions from the USB memory 28 and set the inside of the device.
• Set the generator pulse division ratio.
・ When the measurement start button is set to PUSH, measurement and recording start.
-Always monitor the ATC pulse, and if an ATC pulse arrives, store the ATC signal along with the data acquired during the next data measurement.
・ Data measurement always monitors the minute pulse, and when the minute pulse arrives, A / D converts the analog signal of acceleration signal triaxial and velocity signal, and measures and records.
・ When the measurement stop button is set to PUSH, measurement and recording are terminated.
-Turn off the power switch and remove the USB memory 28.

The specification of this vehicle shake measuring device will be described.
The measuring device is as follows.
Acceleration input Input voltage ± 6V / ± 2G
Response characteristics DC to 8Hz, F characteristics +0.5 to -3dB
(0.3-8Hz when software is supported)
(Uses a Butterworth low-pass filter)
(Attenuation characteristics, based on -18 dB / oct)
A / D conversion resolution 12 bits
Sampling rate follows frequency generator pulse frequency division trigger
However, it may be limited by the maximum speed.
Speed generator pulse TTL open collector signal
Select the division ratio (1/4, 1/8, 1/16, 1/32,
1/64, 1/12, 1/24, 1/48)
ATC signal TTL open collector signal (or contact signal)
GPS signal Recording with NMEA format signal Power supply AC100V, 0.5A
DC16V, 3Ah battery 1 piece (1 spare included)
(This battery can be backed up for about 4 hours)
Data storage When using a 32 Mbyte memory card, it can record about 4 hours of running.

The panel switches and lamps are as follows.
Power switch Power ON / OFF (toggle switch)
Measurement start button Measurement restart button Measurement stop button Measurement stop button

Power LED LED is turned on when power is turned on Measurement LED LED is turned on during measurement Monitor LED Monitor LED is displayed to display the status of each signal

An example of the triaxial acceleration sensors 12 and 13 is as follows.
Sensor system 3-axis capacitance IC acceleration Measurement range ± 2G
Frequency characteristics Switching from DC to 80Hz / DC to 8Hz Measurement error ± 2% / FS
Shock resistance 500G
Power supply voltage 5VDC
Dimensions 125mm x 45mm x 110mm

An example of a speed generator insulation amplifier is as follows.
Input 0.5-150Vrms
Input resistance 100kΩ or more Threshold value 0.2V
Frequency range 1 to 10 kHz (LPF f _C = 10 kHz,
-18dB / oct)
Output TTL open collector output Shock resistance 500G
Power supply voltage AC100V
Dimensions 180mm x 80mm x 70mm
Withstand voltage DC / AC continuous 150V
Insulation 10MΩ or more

An example of the ATC point detection signal is as follows.
The ATC point detection signal is output from the vehicle side.
Signal TTL open collector output (or contact signal)
(Isolated input)

An example of the GPS signal is as follows.
GPS amplifier start time 40 sec
Number of acquired satellites Up to 15 Calculation interval 1 sec
I / F USB

An example of the AC power supply is as follows.
AC power is output from the vehicle side.
Power supply AC100V, 0.5A or less (insulated input)

The shaking data actually measured by this vehicle shaking measuring device will be described.
This vehicle sway measuring device is installed in the driver's cab of the limited express train Y on the X main line of Hokkaido Railway Company. After leaving the first station A station, it goes to B station, C station, D station and E station in order. We stopped and ran to the final station, F station, and measured shaking. The GPS antenna 42 was provided with a magnet iron plate on the right front side of the driver's seat, and affixed thereon using a double-sided tape.

  The data recorded by this vehicle vibration measuring device is converted into the format of the rail navigation (registered trademark) manufactured by Nishiyama Co., Ltd. (the product of the vehicle running vibration analysis system of Patent Document 1) and displayed on the rail navigation (registered trademark). Analysis was performed.

The procedure of the conversion process is as follows.
1. Data recorded by the vehicle vibration measuring device is converted into a rail navigation (registered trademark) format.
2. A route database corresponding to Rail Navi (registered trademark) is created.
3. Create the same condition file as when recording with Rail Navi (registered trademark).
4). Transfer to the Date folder of Rail Navi (registered trademark) for display and analysis.

  FIG. 4 shows the overall oscillation waveform of the express train Y recorded by this vehicle oscillation measuring device when traveling from station A to station F (in the “acceleration” box shown in FIG. 4, the upper waveform is The longitudinal acceleration waveform, the middle waveform represents the left-right acceleration waveform, the lower waveform represents the vertical acceleration waveform, and so on. In addition, FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 show the fluctuation waveforms of the express train Y when stopping at the A station, the B station, the C station, the D station, the E station, and the F station, respectively. . Table 1 shows measured values of longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, and vertical acceleration of the express train Y at the time of stopping at each station, together with values of stopping time and stopping distance (km distance). The time was displayed as 0 at the time of departure from station A, and the elapsed time after departure from station A was set to 0.315 in seconds.

From Table 1, when the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is determined for each of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration of the express train Y when stopping at each station, and the average value is obtained, the average longitudinal acceleration is 0. 075 m / s ² , the average value of lateral acceleration is 0.103 m / s ² , and the average value of vertical acceleration is 0.133 m / s ² . Here, if the judgment value that the limited express train Y is stopped at the station is set to 150% of each average value, each judgment value has a longitudinal acceleration of 0.12 m / s ² and a lateral acceleration of 0.16 m. / S ² , and vertical acceleration becomes 0.20 m / s ² . The stop time at each station is 27 seconds for Station A, 16 seconds for Station B, 23 seconds for Station C, 25 seconds for Station D, 29 seconds for Station E, and 17 seconds for Station F. This result supports that it is determined that the vehicle is stopped at the station when the fluctuation values of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds.

The station stop determination based on the fluctuation values of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration described above is preferably corrected by a door opening / closing signal on the vehicle side. That is, when it is determined that the station is stopped when the fluctuation values of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds as described above, a door open signal is detected. This determination is validated when the door is opened, and when the door open signal is not detected, the determination is invalidated and it is determined that the station is not stopped. Here, the door opening signal is displayed in the “switch BOX signal” described in the lower part of FIGS. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. The station stop determination based on the fluctuation values of the longitudinal acceleration, the lateral acceleration, and the vertical acceleration described above can also be corrected by passing through a branching device or a curved portion of the track. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, there is a characteristic change in the left-right movement waveform behavior after departure from station C. By this behavior, a curve portion is specified until 9:42:55, and then a branching device is specified. This may be useful for correction.

As described above, according to the vehicle vibration measurement device according to the first embodiment, the fluctuations in acceleration in the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction of the vehicle detected by the three-axis acceleration sensors 12 and 13 are at least 15. Since it is determined that the vehicle is stopped at the station when it is 0.2 m / s ² or less over a ^second , it is possible to automate the determination of whether or not the vehicle is stopped at the station. For this reason, a measurement person becomes unnecessary and it can measure the movement of a vehicle unattended. As a result, it is possible to save labor for measuring the movement of the vehicle, and thus to reduce the cost of measuring the movement of the vehicle. In addition, it is possible to accurately measure the movement of the vehicle with high position accuracy or distance accuracy. In addition, since the vehicle motion can be measured unattended, the data is transferred to the operation control room if abnormal motion values are measured by constantly monitoring the track condition from the results of the motion measurement. Thus, track maintenance can be performed. Here are specific examples of track maintenance management: Track height displacement (vertical motion), track level displacement (vertical motion, left-right motion), trajectory displacement (left-right motion), travel safety (working) Such as large vertical movements and horizontal movements) and ensuring riding comfort (vertical movements and horizontal movements that are not related to driving safety). For example, if an abnormal sway value is measured, take appropriate measures such as repairing the abnormal part of the track, and then perform the sway measurement again to confirm the effect of the procedure. Can be maintained in a state.

  In addition, this vehicle sway measuring device can also be used for improving vehicles. In other words, motion measurement data for commercial vehicles is necessary not only for track maintenance and management, but also for vehicle improvements to improve riding comfort. Analysis of motion measurement data measured on the vehicle Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the ground track condition, and it is necessary to accurately grasp the position corresponding to the travel route. As a measure for improving ride comfort on the vehicle side, the acceleration generated in the vehicle changes depending on the motion characteristics, speed, and acceleration / deceleration of the train and train. Therefore, the bogie and vehicle body are designed (modified) so that unnecessary acceleration does not occur in the vehicle. Improvements such as reducing the weight of trucks and trucks and reducing unsprung mass are conceivable. In terms of vehicle maintenance, management of wheel treads and wheel diameters can be considered.

Next, a vehicle shake measuring device according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
In this vehicle vibration measurement device, a database of vehicle inclinations when the vehicle is stopped at each station on the line where the vibration measurement is performed is created in advance, and the vehicle longitudinal direction when the vehicle is stopped at the station Then, the inclination of the vehicle is measured based on the acceleration values in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the station where the vehicle is stopped is identified by checking the above-mentioned database. Others are the same as those of the vehicle motion measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment.

  This vehicle sway measuring device is installed in the driver's cab of the limited express train Y on the X main line of Hokkaido Railway Company. After leaving the first station A station, it goes to B station, C station, D station and E station in order. The vehicle stopped and ran to the final station F station, and the vehicle inclination at the time of stopping was calculated at each station.

  The overall oscillation waveform of the express train Y recorded by the vehicle oscillation measuring device when traveling from station A to station F is as shown in FIG. FIGS. 11 to 16 show slope waveforms when the A station stops, the B station stops, the C station stops, the D station stops, the E station stops, and the F station stops, respectively.

  Table 2 shows the results of calculating the vehicle inclination acceleration at each station from the measurement results shown in FIGS.

  From Table 2, it can be seen that the inclination acceleration of the vehicle at the time of stopping at each station, that is, the inclination of the vehicle at each station is different for each station. For this reason, by preparing a database of vehicle inclinations when the vehicle is stopped at each station in advance, the acceleration in the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at the station can be obtained. By measuring the inclination of the vehicle based on the value and collating it with the above database, the station where the vehicle is stopped can be automatically identified.

  According to the second embodiment, in addition to the same advantages as in the first embodiment, it is possible to obtain the advantage that the identification of the stop station can be automated.

Next, a vehicle shake measuring device according to a third embodiment of this invention will be described.
In this vehicle oscillation measuring device, station stoppage determination based on fluctuation values of longitudinal acceleration, lateral acceleration, and vertical acceleration is corrected by a GPS signal. Others are the same as those of the vehicle motion measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment.

Specifically, in the third embodiment, the front and rear positions of a stop station that can receive a GPS signal, for example, latitude and longitude such as railroad crossings and kilometers are registered in the database. And as shown in FIG. 17, when the fluctuation | variation of the acceleration of the front-back direction of the vehicle, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction was 0.2 m / s < ² > or less over at least 15 second, it determined with the vehicle stopping at the station. When the vehicle is located between the registered latitudes and longitudes and the vehicle is detected to stop at the station from the inclination of the vehicle, this determination is valid, and when it is not detected, this determination is invalid. It is determined that it has not stopped.
According to the third embodiment, advantages similar to those of the second embodiment can be obtained.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible. For example, the specifications, numerical values, configurations, functions, and the like given in the above-described embodiments are merely examples, and different specifications, numerical values, configurations, functions, and the like may be used as necessary.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Main body, 12, 13 ... 3-axis acceleration sensor, 14 ... Terminal block, 15 ... Switch, 16 ... Vehicle motion measurement unit, 17 ... Multiplexer, 18a, 18b, 18c ... Acceleration amplifier, 19a, 19b, 19c ... Low pass filter 20 ... A / D converter, 21 ... CPU, 22 ... memory, 23 ... RTC chip, 24 ... SD card socket, 25 ... MMC, 26 ... USB module board, 27 ... USB connector, 28 ... USB memory, 29 ... USB -Serial converter, 30 ... USB connector, 31 ... Isolated DC-DC converter, 32, 33, 34 ... Resistor, 35 ... Inverting amplifier, 36 ... Amplitude limiting filter, 37 ... Comparator, 38 ... TTL, 39 ... F / V converter, 40 ... insulated DC-DC converter, 41 ... TTL, 42 ... GPS antenna, 43 ... GPS receiver Unit: 44 ... Panel, 45 ... Recording switch / LED, 46 ... Measurement switch / LED, 47 ... Stop switch / LED, 48 ... Power switch / LED, 49 ... Speed operation LED, 50 ... ATC operation LED, 51 ... Terminal block 52 ... AC-DC converter, 53 ... Power supply, 54 ... Battery

Claims (13)

A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station when fluctuations in the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds. It is configured to determine and the inclination of the vehicle is measured based on acceleration values in the longitudinal direction, the lateral direction, and the vertical direction of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at the station, and is created in advance. A vehicle oscillation measuring device, wherein the station where the vehicle is stopped is identified by collating with a database of the inclination of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at each station.   2. The vehicle shake measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the determination that the vehicle is stopped at a station is corrected by the door opening / closing signal of the vehicle.   The position of the vehicle is measured by using at least one of twice integration of acceleration in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a speed generator signal, a point detection signal, and a GPS signal. Vehicle shake measurement device.   4. The vehicle vibration measuring device according to claim 3, wherein the point detection signal is at least one of an ATC signal and an ATS signal.   5. The vehicle shake measuring device according to claim 4, wherein the vehicle shake measuring device is permanently installed in the vehicle. A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station when fluctuations in the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds. The vehicle inclination is measured based on the acceleration values in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped at the station. A vehicle oscillation measuring method, wherein the station where the vehicle is stopped is identified by collating with a database of the inclination of the vehicle when the vehicle is stopped.   The vehicle shake measurement method according to claim 6, wherein the determination that the vehicle is stopped at a station is corrected based on the door opening / closing signal of the vehicle.   8. The position of the vehicle is measured by using at least one of acceleration twice in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, a speed generator signal, a point detection signal, and a GPS signal. Vehicle shake measurement method.   The vehicle motion measuring method according to claim 8, wherein the point detection signal is at least one of an ATC signal and an ATS signal. A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station, the inclination of the vehicle is measured by the longitudinal, lateral and vertical acceleration values of the vehicle, and the vehicle is stopped at each station created in advance. A vehicle sway measuring device characterized in that the station where the vehicle is stopped is identified by collating with a database of the vehicle inclination at the time. A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station, the inclination of the vehicle is measured by the longitudinal, lateral and vertical acceleration values of the vehicle, and the vehicle is stopped at each station created in advance. A vehicle motion measuring method, wherein the station where the vehicle is stopped is identified by collating with a database of the vehicle inclination at the time. A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station when fluctuations in the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds. A vehicle vibration measuring device configured to determine. A three-axis acceleration sensor that is installed in a vehicle traveling on a track and detects acceleration in the front-rear direction, the left-right direction, and the up-down direction of the vehicle,
Measuring the vehicle sway by detecting the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations of the vehicle by means of the 3-axis acceleration sensor;
When the vehicle is stopped at the station when fluctuations in the longitudinal, lateral and vertical accelerations detected by the three-axis acceleration sensor are 0.2 m / s ² or less for at least 15 seconds. A vehicle motion measurement method characterized by determining.

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