JP2012097938A - Discharge cracking furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excellent discharge cracking furnace extremely high in processing capacity, capable of processing a processing object continuously for an extended period of time.SOLUTION: In the discharge cracking furnace, a plurality of electrode bars 2 are horizontally juxtaposed in a furnace body 1, an electrically conductive bar 3 is arranged between the electrode bars 2 in a close condition to the electrode bars 2, a plurality of weighting bars 4 weighting the electrically conductive bar 3 are arranged above the electrode bars 2 and the electrically conductive bar 3, and the processing object 10 is discharged and decomposed by arc discharge among the electrode bars 2, the electrically conductive bar 3, and the weighting bars 4. The electrode bars 2, the electrically conductive bar 3, and the weighting bars 4 are structured as an integral discharge unit 6 respectively supported by a support 5 at their both ends. The support 5 is mounted in a mounting part 7 arranged at a position apart from a bottom surface by a prescribed distance, which is an opposed wall part of the furnace body 1. Moreover, a rotating mechanism rotating the mounting part 7 relative to the furnace body 1 around an axis of rotation parallel to the axial direction of the electrode bars 2, is arranged.

Description

  The present invention relates to a discharge cracking furnace.

  Conventionally, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a resistor (carbon) is spread between a plurality of electrodes provided in a furnace, and the electrodes and the resistor are energized in the atmosphere or in an inert gas. Arc discharge is generated between and between the resistors, and the object to be treated (for example, waste, sludge, incinerated ash, etc.) at an extremely high temperature (2500 to 3000 ° C.) generated by the discharge energy by the arc discharge. There has been proposed a method for treating waste, etc., using arc discharge, in which the gas is thermally decomposed to the molecular level and detoxified without discharging dioxins and carbon monoxide.

  By the way, in the above conventional method, since the processing object is dropped and processed on the electrode and the resistor, the residue of the processing object is deposited on the electrode and the resistor. Therefore, it is necessary to periodically open the furnace and remove it manually.

  Therefore, it is difficult to operate the furnace continuously for a long period of time in the above-described conventional method, and there is a demand for further improvement of the processing capacity.

JP 2005-58820 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the situation as described above, and can remove the residue deposited on the electrode rod, the conductive rod and the load rod by dropping them without opening the furnace. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent discharge cracking furnace capable of processing an object to be processed and having an extremely high processing capacity.

  The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  A plurality of electrode rods 2 are arranged in parallel in the furnace body 1 at a predetermined interval, and a conductive rod 3 is provided between the electrode rods 2 in the proximity of the electrode rod 2. Above the rod 3, there are provided a plurality of weighting rods 4 for weighting the conductive rod 3, and arc discharge is generated between the electrode rod 2, the conductive rod 3 and the weighted rod 4, thereby causing the arc discharge. Is a discharge decomposition furnace that discharges and decomposes the object to be treated 10 put into the furnace body 1 by the electrode rod 2, the conductive rod 3, and the load rod 4 at both ends thereof to the support body 5, respectively. The integrated discharge unit 6 is supported, and the support body 5 of the discharge unit 6 is attached to an attachment portion 7 provided on an opposing wall portion of the furnace body 1, and the attachment portion 7 is attached to the furnace body 1. Provided at a position away from the bottom by a predetermined distance, and the mounting portion 7 is A rotation mechanism for rotating the furnace body 1 around a rotation axis parallel to the axial direction of the pole 2 is provided, and the discharge unit 6 is configured to rotate together with the mounting portion 7 by the rotation mechanism. The present invention relates to a discharge cracking furnace.

  Further, in the discharge cracking furnace according to claim 1, a charging portion 8 for charging the processing object 10 into the furnace main body 1 is provided at a position above the attachment portion 7 of the furnace main body 1. A recovery unit 9 that recovers the residue of the discharge-decomposed object 10 is provided at a position below the attachment unit 7 of the furnace body 1, and is disposed between the input unit 8 and the recovery unit 9. The electrode rod 2, the conductive rod 3, and the weight rod 4 are provided so as to close the space through which the processing object 10 passes.

  Moreover, the discharge cracking furnace of any one of Claims 1 and 2 WHEREIN: The said attachment part 7 is arranged in multiple numbers by the perpendicular direction of the said furnace main body 1, and the said discharge unit 6 is provided in multiple steps | paragraphs. The present invention relates to a discharge cracking furnace characterized by the following.

  Moreover, the discharge cracking furnace of any one of Claims 1-3 WHEREIN: The said rotation mechanism makes this discharge unit 6 to the angle which can drop the residue of the said process target object 10 deposited on the said discharge unit 6. The present invention relates to a discharge cracking furnace configured to rotate.

  The discharge cracking furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rotation mechanism includes an arcuate engagement portion 11 provided in the attachment portion 7 and centering on the rotation shaft, and the engagement portion 11. The present invention relates to a discharge cracking furnace characterized by comprising a drive gear 12 that meshes with the drive gear 12.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, it is possible to drop and remove the residue deposited on the electrode rod, the conductive rod and the load rod without opening the furnace, and to continuously treat the object to be treated for a long period of time. It is an excellent spark cracking furnace with extremely high processing capability.

It is a schematic explanatory side view of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory sectional drawing of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory sectional drawing of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory sectional drawing of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory top view of a present Example. It is a schematic explanatory perspective view of the discharge unit of a present Example. It is an expansion schematic explanatory drawing of the discharge unit of another example. It is a schematic explanatory sectional drawing of the discharge unit of another example.

  An embodiment of the present invention which is considered to be suitable will be briefly described with reference to the drawings showing the operation of the present invention.

  The object to be treated 10 put in the furnace body 1 is thermally decomposed to a molecular level by discharge energy (ultra high temperature of 2500 to 3000 ° C.) by arc discharge generated in the discharge unit 6.

  At this time, even if the residue after pyrolyzing the processing object 10 is deposited on the discharge unit 6, the discharge unit 6 is rotated by, for example, 180 ° about the rotation axis parallel to the axial direction of the electrode rod 2 by the rotation mechanism. By doing so, it can be dropped from the discharge unit 6.

  Therefore, no residue is deposited on the discharge unit 6 (manual cleaning of the discharge unit 6 by opening the furnace body 1 is unnecessary), and therefore the processing object 10 is continuously decomposed for a long period of time. It becomes possible to do.

  Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In this embodiment, a plurality of electrode rods 2 are arranged in a horizontal direction at a predetermined interval in the furnace body 1, and a conductive rod 3 is provided between the electrode rods 2 in the proximity of the electrode rods 2. Above the electrode rod 2 and the conductive rod 3, a plurality of weight rods 4 for weighting the conductive rod 3 are provided, and arc discharge occurs between the electrode rod 2, the conductive rod 3, and the weighted rod 4. A discharge cracking furnace that discharges and decomposes the object to be treated 10 introduced into the furnace body 1 by the arc discharge, and the electrode rod 2, the conductive rod 3, and the weight rod 4 have both ends thereof. Each discharge unit 6 is supported by a support 5, and the support 5 of the discharge unit 6 is attached to a mounting portion 7 provided on the opposing wall of the furnace body 1. It is provided at a position away from the bottom surface of the furnace body 1 by a predetermined distance, and A rotation mechanism is provided for rotating the portion 7 relative to the furnace body 1 about a rotation axis parallel to the axial direction of the electrode rod 2, and the discharge unit 6 is rotated together with the mounting portion 7 by this rotation mechanism. It is configured.

  Specifically, the present embodiment is an apparatus for detoxifying a processing object 10 containing hazardous substances such as waste, sludge or incinerated ash obtained by incineration of waste without emitting dioxins or carbon monoxide. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a charging portion for loading the processing object 10 into the furnace body 1 is located above the mounting portion 7 of the fire-resistant rectangular parallelepiped furnace body 1. 8 is provided, and at a position below the attachment portion 7 of the furnace body 1, a recovery portion 9 for recovering the residue of the discharge target 10 is provided, and the charging portion 8 and the recovery portion are recovered. Discharge units 6 composed of the electrode rod 2, the conductive rod 3, and the weight rod 4 are provided in two upper and lower stages so as to block the space between the portion 9 and the processing object 10 passes. It is. In this embodiment, the furnace body 1 is processed in an atmospheric state.

  In the present embodiment, input portions 8 (input ports) are provided at two locations on the top of the furnace body 1.

  Therefore, for example, the insertion port provided in the top surface portion of the furnace body 1 is used for automatically loading the processing object 10 through an appropriate transport mechanism such as a conveyor mechanism, and the left side of the furnace body 1 in FIGS. The insertion port provided at the upper surface position can be used to manually input the processing object 10 as appropriate.

  Moreover, as the collection unit 9, a cart that can travel along the rail is adopted.

  In the figure, reference numeral 14 is an introduction guide part for guiding the processing object 10 to the discharge unit 6, and 15 is a recovery guide part for guiding the residue of the processing object 10 to the recovery part 9.

  Accordingly, the residue (hazardous) that remains slightly after detoxifying the processing object 10 that has been input from the upper input port is collected in the carriage and appropriately transported to the outside.

  On the other hand, the gas generated by pyrolyzing the object to be treated is separately processed in the gas processing mechanism 13 to be rendered harmless and discharged to the atmosphere.

  Since the gas processing mechanism 13 is not an essential part of the present invention, a detailed description is omitted. For example, a number of resistors are provided between the electrode rods just like the furnace body 1 immediately downstream of the furnace body 1 (primary furnace). (Carbon) is spread over to generate an arc discharge, and a secondary furnace that renders the gas harmless by passing the gas between the electrode rod and the resistor is connected in series, and the carbon monoxide in the gas is burned downstream thereof. A known configuration, such as a carbon oxide incinerator connected continuously, an adsorption tank that adsorbs substances in the gas downstream, and an exhaust duct that discharges detoxified gas into the atmosphere downstream. Can be adopted as appropriate.

  Each part will be specifically described.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a pair of carbon (made of graphite or silicon carbide) round rod-shaped electrode rod 2, conducting rod 3 and load rod 4 is made of refractory concrete plate-shaped (disc-shaped). The support 5 is supported in an erected state.

  The electrode rod 2 and the conductive rod are set to have the same diameter (for example, 100π), and the weight rod 4 is set to be slightly smaller in diameter (for example, 70π) than the electrode rod 2 and the conductive rod 3.

  In the figure, reference numeral 16 denotes a connecting body for connecting the support bars 5 to each other, and 17 denotes a locking body for locking the connecting body to the support bar 5.

  Specifically, the electrode rod 2 is supported such that one end thereof is inserted through the insertion hole of the support 5 and protrudes outward, and the protruding end is connected to a cable from the power source. A metal electrode portion 18 is provided. Further, the other end is disposed in a support hole provided in the opposing wall surface of the support 5.

  In addition, the electrode rod 2 is supported by the support 5 in a positioned state so as not to move forward, backward, up, down, left and right. Three electrode bars 2 are arranged in parallel in the horizontal direction at a predetermined interval.

  One conductive rod 3 is provided between the electrode rods 2 so as to be close to the electrode rod 2.

  Therefore, the electrode rod 2 and the conductive rod 3 are arranged in a substantially straight line in the horizontal direction. Both ends of the electric conduction rod 3 are respectively disposed in support holes provided on the opposing wall surface of the support 5 and supported so as to be slightly movable in the left-right direction (direction of contact with and away from the electrode rod 2).

  Therefore, when worn, the electrode rod 2 is slightly approached by the load applied by the weight rod 4, and a suitable discharge can be maintained.

  Above the electrode rod 2 and the conductive rod 3, six weight rods 4 are arranged in parallel so as to be in contact with the electrode rod 2 and the conductive rod 3 in the horizontal direction.

  Both end portions of the weight rod 4 are respectively disposed in support hole portions provided on the opposing wall surface of the support body 5 and supported so as to be slightly movable in the vertical and horizontal directions. Therefore, the electric conduction rod 3 always receives the weight from the weight rod 4.

  Thus, the electrode rod 2, the conducting rod 3 and the weighting rod 4 arranged in close proximity to each other are unitized by a pair of supports 5, and this close proximity state is always maintained. When a predetermined voltage (about 100 to 1000 V) is applied by energizing from the electrode and a predetermined current (about 800 to 1500 A) flows, arc discharge occurs in the gap between them, and the surface temperature of each rod is 2000 ° C. or more ( About 2500 to 3000 ° C.).

  Therefore, the object 10 to be processed, which has been introduced from the inlet and dropped onto the discharge unit 6 (on the electrode rod 2, the conducting rod 3 and the load rod 4), is almost decomposed to a molecular level due to high temperature. In addition, there is a substance that is not decomposed, but the substance that adheres to it will be decomposed, and the substance that is not decomposed becomes a detoxified residue, which falls into the collection unit 9 from the gap between each bar, or Deposit on top.

  Further, the support 5 of the discharge unit 6 is attached to an attachment portion 7 provided on the opposing wall portion of the furnace body 1.

  Specifically, the attachment portion 7 is a metal ring that is rotatably provided at the periphery of a circular hole provided in the facing wall portion of the furnace body 1, and the support 5 is attached to the ring by a bolt / It is configured to be locked by an appropriate locking mechanism such as a nut and to rotate integrally. Therefore, the outer surface of the central portion of the support 5 is exposed from the hollow portion of the torus.

  More specifically, the toric body is composed of a body part inserted through the circular hole and a flange part provided outside the furnace, and the support body 5 is locked to the body part inside the furnace, and the end face of the flange part A meshing portion 11 to be described later is provided. The circular hole is set to be slightly larger in diameter than the support 5, and the space between the circular hole and the support 5 is closed by an annular body. Further, the circular hole is substantially closed by the support 5 so that the discharge does not leak to the outside.

  The mounting portion 7 is provided at a position away from the bottom surface of the furnace body 1 by a predetermined distance, and the discharge unit 6 is held in a suspended state at an intermediate position in the vertical direction instead of the bottom portion of the furnace body 1. Therefore, damage and deterioration of the furnace body 1 due to arc discharge generated in the discharge unit 6 are prevented as much as possible.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of mounting portions 7 are arranged in the vertical direction of the furnace body 1, and the discharge units 6 having the same configuration are provided in a plurality of stages. Specifically, the discharge unit 6 is provided in two upper and lower stages. Therefore, the processing object 10 is processed in two stages by the discharge unit 6 on the upper side (first stage) and the lower side (second stage), and the detoxification process can be performed more reliably.

  Further, in this embodiment, a rotation mechanism is provided for forcibly dropping the residue accumulated on each rod onto the collection unit 9. This rotating mechanism rotates the mounting portion 7 with respect to the furnace body 1 around a rotation axis parallel to the axial direction of the electrode rod 2, and rotates the discharge unit 6 together with the mounting portion 7 by this rotating mechanism. It is.

  Specifically, this rotation mechanism is configured to rotate the discharge unit 6 to an angle at which the residue of the processing object 10 deposited on each discharge unit 6 can be dropped downward (collection unit 9). Yes. In this embodiment, it is configured to be able to rotate at least about 180 °.

  The rotation mechanism of the present embodiment includes a semicircular arc-shaped engagement portion 11 (having a tooth shape on the outer peripheral portion) centered on the rotation shaft provided in a fixed state on the end surface of the flange portion of the attachment portion 7, It is comprised with the drive gear 12 which meshes. In the figure, reference numeral 19 denotes a guide roller that contacts the peripheral surface of the mounting portion 7 to guide the rotation of the mounting portion 7, and 20 denotes a support member that supports the guide roller 19.

  Therefore, by rotating the drive gear 12 forward and backward with a motor or the like, the attachment portion 7 can be rotated via the meshing portion 11, and the discharge unit 6 can be rotated accordingly.

  That is, in the discharge unit 6 on the upper side, as shown in FIG. 3, the weight rod 4 before and during the process as shown in FIG. It is possible to switch the weighting bar 4, which is the top and bottom of the discharge unit 6, to be in a lower state, and forcibly drop the residue onto the discharge unit 6 on the lower side (Next, the processing object 10 is When loading, the weight rod 4 is switched to the upper position.) Similarly, in the discharge unit 6 on the lower side, as shown in FIG. 4, the weight rod 4 before and during the process as shown in FIG. It is possible to switch the weighting bar 4, which is the top and bottom of the discharge unit 6, to the lower side and forcibly drop the residue onto the collecting unit 9.

  The drive gear 12 may be configured to rotate appropriately according to an operator's operation instruction at an appropriate time, or may be configured to automatically rotate at predetermined time intervals.

  By configuring as described above, for example, when a solid material having a thickness is added, after processing one plane side of the solid material on the upper side (first stage), By rotating the discharge unit 6 so as to be inverted and dropped onto the lower (second stage) discharge unit 6, the upper and lower sides of the solid matter are inverted on the lower discharge unit 6, so that the other plane side of the solid matter is reversed. More effective processing such as intensive processing is possible.

  Further, as a configuration for attaching the weight rod 4 to the support 5, a configuration such as that shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 may be adopted.

  Specifically, a plurality of elongated grooves 22 (lanes) extending in the vertical direction above and below the support hole portion 21 that supports the electrode rod 2 and the conductive rod 3 as the support 5 are arranged in parallel, and each load is applied to the groove. A small diameter portion 23 smaller in diameter than the central portion provided at the end of the rod 4 may be provided so that the weight rod 4 can move up and down along the groove 22. In the figure, reference numeral 24 denotes a convex portion that serves as a stopper for the weight rod 4.

  In this case, the weighting rods 4 provided above and below the electrode rod 2 and the electric conduction rod 3 move to the lower end side of each groove 22 by gravity, so the upper and lower weighting rods 4 are alternately used according to the rotation by the rotation mechanism. For example, when the discharge unit 6 is rotated 180 ° to drop the residue on the discharge unit 6 downward, the load bar 4 on the side different from the previous one is brought into contact with the electrode bar 2 and the conduction bar 3. Therefore, it is possible to continue the process without re-inversion.

  Since the present embodiment is configured as described above, the object to be treated 10 put in the furnace body 1 is heated at an extremely high temperature (2500 to 3000 ° C.) generated by the discharge energy by the arc discharge generated in the discharge unit 6. When pyrolyzing to the molecular level, even if residues after pyrolyzing the object to be treated 10 are deposited on the discharge unit 6, the discharge unit 6 is centered on a rotation axis parallel to the axial direction of the electrode rod 2 by the rotation mechanism. For example, it can be dropped from the discharge unit 6 by rotating it 180 degrees.

  Therefore, when the residue accumulates on the discharge unit 6, it is possible to remove the residue by simply rotating the discharge unit 6 without having to open the furnace body 1 and removing it manually. The object 10 can be decomposed, and therefore, this embodiment can be processed continuously for a long period of time and has a high processing capability and is extremely practical.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace body 2 Electrode rod 3 Electric conduction rod 4 Weighted rod 5 Support body 6 Discharge unit 7 Mounting part 8 Input part 9 Collection | recovery part
10 Processing object
11 Meshing part
12 Drive gear

Claims (5)

  A plurality of electrode rods are arranged in parallel in the furnace body at predetermined intervals, and a conductive rod is provided between the electrode rods in close proximity to the electrode rods. A plurality of weighting rods for weighting the electric conduction rods, and an object to be treated that is caused to cause an arc discharge between the electrode rods, the electric conduction rods, and the weighting rods and is charged into the furnace body by the arc discharges. The electrode rod, the conducting rod, and the weight rod are formed as an integral discharge unit in which both ends thereof are supported by a support, and the support of the discharge unit. Is attached to an attachment portion provided on the opposing wall portion of the furnace body, the attachment portion is provided at a position away from the bottom surface of the furnace body by a predetermined distance, and the attachment portion is attached to the shaft of the electrode rod. Around the axis of rotation parallel to the direction of the furnace body Rotating mechanism for rotating is provided, the discharge cracking furnace, characterized in that the discharge unit with said mounting portion is configured to rotate by the rotating mechanism.   2. The discharge cracking furnace according to claim 1, wherein an insertion portion for introducing the processing object into the furnace body is provided at a position above the attachment portion of the furnace body, and the attachment portion of the furnace body is provided. Is provided with a recovery unit that recovers the residue of the discharge-decomposed process target so as to close a space between the input unit and the recovery unit through which the process target passes. A discharge cracking furnace characterized in that the electrode rod, the conducting rod, and the weighting rod are provided.   The discharge cracking furnace according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein a plurality of the mounting portions are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction of the furnace body, and the discharge units are provided in a plurality of stages. Cracking furnace.   4. The discharge cracking furnace according to claim 1, wherein the rotation mechanism is configured to rotate the discharge unit to an angle at which the residue of the object to be processed deposited on the discharge unit can be dropped. Discharge cracking furnace characterized by being made.   5. The discharge cracking furnace according to claim 1, wherein the rotation mechanism includes an arcuate meshing portion that is provided in the mounting portion and that has the rotation shaft as a center, and a drive gear that meshes with the meshing portion. Discharge cracking furnace characterized by comprising.

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