JP2012059177A - Basic unit calculation apparatus, environmental load calculation apparatus, and program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide technologies with which a basic unit and an environmental load relating to manufacturing of a product can be easily and accurately calculated.SOLUTION: A basic unit calculation apparatus (100) has: a data input section 11 for acquiring a data set (D) from data information containing information (51) on an environmental load (E) in overall manufacturing steps, information (52) on a production quantity (M) of products and information (53) on a specification item (S) of the product; a basic unit calculation section 12 which uses the data information and the data set (D) to create one or more recursive equations (R) with a basic unit (U) for each step (K) as a recursive coefficient, the environmental load (E) in the overall manufacturing steps as a target parameter and a product of a value of the specification item (S) and the production quantity (M) as an explanatory coefficient, and calculates the basic unit (U) and an error (g); and a data output section 13 for outputting calculated information.

Description

  The present invention relates to a technology for calculating a basic unit and an environmental load related to product manufacture, and in particular, a technology for creating (calculating) a basic unit of a process (manufacturing process) from an environmental load of a factory of a product such as a semiconductor, And a technology for evaluating (calculating) the environmental load of a product using the basic unit.

  There is a life cycle assessment (LCA) as a method for analyzing the environmental load of the entire life cycle from product manufacture to transportation / sales / use / disposal. LCA is a technique for accumulating the environmental load at each stage of the life cycle to determine the environmental load of the entire life cycle. The environmental load (environmental load) at each stage is calculated by (Expression 1) [Environmental load] = [Basic unit] × [Amount of activity]. Here, “basic unit” is an environmental load per unit activity amount, and “activity amount” indicates an amount measured at each stage.

  In the present invention and the present specification, since it relates to a method of calculating an environmental load amount at the time of product manufacture, the above basic unit is particularly referred to as “manufacturing basic unit”. In the following, carbon dioxide (CO2) is taken as an example of the environmental load, and a method of calculating the production unit for calculating the environmental load is described.

  In LCA, the amount of CO2 generated when one product is manufactured is calculated. Here, CO2 is not generated directly in a manufacturing process (or equipment (manufacturing apparatus) associated with the process) using electric power as an energy source, but CO2 is generated when generating electric power. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the CO2 at the time of power generation as the amount of CO2 at the time of product manufacture. That is, the amount of CO2 at the time of product manufacture can be obtained by first obtaining the amount of power (power consumption) necessary for product manufacture and multiplying this by the amount of CO2 generated when generating unit power.

  Here, the production basic unit related to electric power is particularly called “electric power basic unit”, and the CO2 amount per unit electric power is called “CO2 basic unit”. Since the CO2 basic unit is disclosed by the Federation of Electric Power Companies, companies can calculate the amount of CO2 at the time of product manufacture by obtaining the power basic unit for each process.

  Electricity intensity can be measured and calculated by installing a coulometer, etc., in each process (manufacturing equipment), but costs and labor are high in factories where measurement environments are not established. In this case, the power consumption is measured not at each process unit but at a macro level (unit) such as the whole factory or work workplace, and is calculated so as to apportion to the value per product using the production volume and cost. Is used. For example, the power consumption per product can be calculated by measuring the power consumption for a certain period in the whole factory and dividing it by the production amount of the products manufactured during that period.

  According to the above method, the power consumption per product can be grasped without increasing the cost and labor of the operator, but the power consumption of all products is the same (averaged value) by apportionment. End up. In other words, the processes and equipment used in the manufacture of products differ depending on the individual products (products with various specifications), but the values are averaged in the above method. There is a possibility that the value and the actual power consumption value are greatly different.

  For the above problem, a method described in Patent Document 1 can be cited. In Patent Document 1, the production basic unit per unit activity is unknown for each overall process, and the value obtained by adding the product of the production quantity and the unknown for a certain period for all processes is the total environmental load during the same period. A method is described in which simultaneous equations are set to be equal to and a manufacturing basic unit (hereinafter referred to as a “basic unit by process” or the like) for each process is obtained by solving this.

  According to the method of Patent Document 1, if the environmental load is measured at a macro level (unit) such as the whole factory (including multiple processes and equipment related to the manufacture of various products), the basic unit for each process is calculated. (The basic unit for each process can be easily calculated without increasing the man-hours and costs for measuring the environmental impact). Furthermore, the environmental load of a product can be obtained as the sum of the manufacturing basic units (the above-mentioned basic units for each process) of each process used for manufacturing the product. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate (calculate) environmental loads in consideration of differences in processes (process flows) depending on individual products. That is, more accurate evaluation (calculation) of the environmental load can be performed with the same ease as the method of apportioning the environmental load by the production amount and cost.

JP 2006-195916 A

  As described above, conventional methods such as the method of Patent Document 1 (the basic unit calculation method in which the manufacturing basic unit per production volume is an unknown) (the method of calculating the basic unit for each process based on the macro environmental load) Then, there is an advantage that the basic unit for each process can be easily calculated without increasing the man-hour and cost of measuring the environmental load, but there are the following problems.

  The environmental load generated in each process in the entire process may vary depending on the product even in the same process. For example, there are products with various specifications manufactured in a factory, and the process (process flow) may be different depending on the product (specification). In addition, there may be a difference in processing contents in the process for each product specification (specification item). The specification items include, for example, the number of board layers and the number of mounted components. For example, in a certain first step (equipment), for the first product, the first processing content (corresponding to the first process) according to the value (for example, 10 layers) of the first specification item (for example, the number of layers). However, for the second product, it becomes the second processing content (corresponding to the second power amount) according to the value of the second specification item (number of layers) (for example, 20 layers). And so on.

  On the other hand, for example, in the method of Patent Document 1, since the unit of production is obtained by solving an equation with the production amount as a coefficient, the processing content of the process according to each individual product (corresponding specification) as described above ( There is a problem that the difference in the value of the corresponding specification item cannot be taken into account, that is, the accuracy of calculation of the basic unit is insufficient.

  Hereinafter, a specific example of a printed circuit board (PCB), which is an example of a product, will be specifically described in connection with calculation of a basic unit for each process and a product environmental load. The entire printed circuit board (PCB) manufacturing process (manufacturing flow) is mainly a board that manufactures a printed wiring board (PWB) by stacking a plurality of glass epoxy boards with copper wiring on the surface. A printed circuit board (PCB) is manufactured by placing an electronic component such as an LSI on the board (PWB) and connecting it to a copper wiring (first process: k1) and a copper wiring. A component mounting step (second step: k2) (corresponding to FIG. 2).

  Here, for example, in the component mounting step (k2), as one of the processing contents, processing (placement processing) for placing components one by one on the substrate (PWB) is performed, but the production amount in the step (k2) The number of finished printed circuit boards (PCBs) is counted. For this reason, in the conventional method such as Patent Document 1, the basic unit of the component mounting process (k2) (process-specific basic unit) is a value per one PCB, but the actual environmental load in the process (k2). Is considered to increase, for example, in proportion to the values of the specification items such as the number of components to be mounted in the step (k2) and the type of components.

  As described above, the conventional method calculates the production unit (process unit) that takes into account / reflects the difference in the specification items (for example, the number of layers and the number of mounted parts) of each process for each product (specification). I can't (do not). For this reason, there is a possibility that an error will increase if the environmental load of the product is calculated using the basic unit. It is desirable that the value of the specification item according to the processing content of each process differs according to the product specification and flow, and that the value of the basic unit and the environmental load amount differ depending on the process.

  Furthermore, when considering the calculation of the basic unit for each process considering the above product specifications, as described above, the processing contents of each process are related to the value of the specification item, but the specification items constituting the product specification are Since there are a plurality of items, there is a problem that it is not known which specification item should be focused on to determine the manufacturing unit. For example, for a printed circuit board (PCB), a plurality of specification items such as the number of board layers, the number of mounted components, and the area are considered to be related to processing contents.

  In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is related to the calculation of product manufacturing unit (unit by process) and environmental load, and easily calculates the basic unit without increasing the man-hour and cost of measuring environmental load. In addition, the basic unit that considers and reflects the difference in processing contents (difference in specification items) in the process according to the product specifications is calculated, thereby evaluating the environmental impact of the product with high accuracy or more accurately. It is to provide technology that can be (calculated). Furthermore, it is to provide a technique capable of calculating a suitable basic unit in consideration of a plurality of specification items related to the process.

  In order to achieve the above object, a typical embodiment of the present invention is an apparatus and program for calculating a basic unit and an environmental load related to manufacture of a product, and has the following configuration. To do.

  The basic unit calculation apparatus of this embodiment includes information on the environmental load (E) in the entire manufacturing process including a plurality of processes (K) related to the manufacture of a plurality of products, and the production amount of the products manufactured in each process (K). One or more data sets to be calculated by inputting data information including information on (M) and information on specification items (S) that constitute specifications of products manufactured in each step (K) ( D) using the input processing unit to acquire the data information and the data set (D), the environmental load (E) in the whole manufacturing process, using the basic unit (U) for each process (K) as a regression coefficient Is an objective variable, the product of the value of the specification item (S) and the production volume (M) is used as an explanatory variable, one or more regression equations (R) are created, and the regression coefficient is obtained by regression analysis. A calculation processing unit for calculating a basic unit (U) and an error (g), and the calculated basic unit (U And an output processing unit which outputs information including an error (g), the.

  The environmental load calculation apparatus according to the present embodiment includes information including the basic unit (U) and error (g), and information on the specification item (S) of the product (P) in addition to the processing units included in the basic unit calculation apparatus. And, for each product (P), for every step (K) related to the production of the product (P), for each product (P), The environmental load (H) of the product (P) by the value obtained by adding the product of the basic unit (U), the value of the specification item (S), and the production volume (M) in all steps (K) A second calculation processing unit for calculating.

  According to the representative embodiment of the present invention, it is related to the calculation of the manufacturing unit of a product (basic unit for each process) and the environmental load, and the basic unit can be easily determined without increasing the man-hour and cost of measuring the environmental load. Calculate the basic unit that takes into account and reflects the difference in processing contents (difference in specification item values) in the process according to the product specifications, thereby accurately or more accurately calculating the environmental impact of the product Can be evaluated (calculated). Furthermore, a suitable basic unit can be calculated in consideration of a plurality of specification items related to the process.

It is a figure which shows the example of a whole structure of the system (an intensity | strength calculation apparatus and an environmental load calculation apparatus are included) of one embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows notionally the example of the whole manufacturing process (the whole factory) of a product. It is a figure which shows the flowchart of the basic unit calculation process in this Embodiment, and an environmental load calculation process. It is a figure which shows the example of environmental load information (51). It is a figure which shows the example of production history information (52). It is a figure which shows the example of product specification information (53). It is a figure which shows the example of process-specification combination pattern information (54). It is a figure which shows the example of product process flow information (55). It is a figure which shows the example of a basic unit and error information (61). It is a figure which shows the example of product environmental load information (62). It is a figure which shows the example of a display screen in this Embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.

  In the present embodiment, as a premise, a basic unit calculation device (first unit in FIG. 1) that easily and accurately calculates a basic unit (manufactured unit for each process) related to product manufacture based on the environmental load (power consumption) of the entire factory. 1) and an environmental load calculation device (second computer system 200 in FIG. 1) that evaluates (calculates) the environmental load (power consumption) of the product using information such as the basic unit by the above calculation. Etc.

  In the present embodiment, as a feature, a manufacturing basic unit (hereinafter simply referred to as “basic unit”, “basic unit by process”, etc.) calculated by using a specification item for each process, taking into account and reflecting the manufacturing process flow and specifications of the product. Calculated). Considering that the process (corresponding equipment, etc.) of the process (corresponding equipment) is different for each product (corresponding specification), the number corresponding to the combination pattern of the process and the specification item for each data set The regression equation is created, and the solution (basic unit) and error are calculated. A suitable value can be selected by the user from those results, and the environmental load of the product can be calculated using the basic unit.

[Terms and symbols]
Use the following descriptive symbols as appropriate:
P: Product: Product manufactured in the whole factory (for example, PWB (“PWB1” etc.), PCB (“PCB1” etc.) in FIG. 2))
S (s): specification / specification item / specification item value: specification item constituting the product specification and its value (for example, s1 (number of layers), s2 (number of mounted components) in FIG. 2))
K (k): Process (manufacturing process): Process included in the whole factory (for example, board manufacturing process (k1), component mounting process (k2) in FIG. 2))
M (m): Production volume: Amount produced (production, processing, etc.) in the process (for example, m1 and m2 in FIG. 2)
U: Basic unit (Manufacturing basic unit): In this embodiment, it indicates the basic unit by process, and further indicates the basic unit that is calculated by reflecting (associating) the specification items. E: Overall environmental impact: Environmental load (power consumption)
H: Product environmental impact: Environmental impact (power consumption) for each product
T: Period: Period that is a unit for collecting and acquiring the data set (D) D: Data set: Data set that is a target (original) for creating the regression equation (R) corresponding to the period (T) R: Regression Equation: Formula for calculating the basic unit (multiple (n) regression equations (R1 to Rn) corresponding to the number of patterns (n) based on the combination pattern of processes and specifications are created for each data set (D))
g: Error: Error related to the solution (regression coefficient) of the regression equation (R).

[system]
FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of the entire system according to the present embodiment. This system includes a first computer system 100 that is a basic unit calculation device and a second computer system 200 that is an environmental load calculation device. Known systems such as an environmental load measuring device 301, a production system 302, and a design system 303 are connected to the first computer system 100 via a network 91 (such as a LAN or the Internet). Further, the first computer system 100 and the second computer system 200 are connected via a network 92 (LAN, Internet, etc.). Reference numerals 301 to 303 are systems managed by, for example, a business operator.

  In the present embodiment, two processing units (first processing unit 10 and second processing unit 20) that realize two main processes (basic unit calculation and environmental load calculation) are replaced with two computer systems (100). , 200) and mounting and connecting. Each of the computer systems (100, 200) and the processing units (10, 20) are configured by, for example, a PC and a software program that operates on the PC. Not only this but the form etc. which integrated two processing parts (10.20) in one computer system are also possible. In addition, it is possible to provide a calculation function by exchanging data information via each company's system (301 to 303) and the network 91 (for example, the Internet), for example, a form for providing a Web service.

  The first computer system 100 includes a first processing unit 10 {data input unit 11, basic unit calculation unit 12, data output unit 13}, input device 111, arithmetic device 112, output device 113, environmental load information 51 and production. A storage unit for data information such as history information 52 and product specification information 53, a communication device, and the like are included.

  The data input unit 11 performs a process of receiving and inputting necessary various data information (51 to 53) from a user or each system (301 to 303) using the input device 111 or a communication device. The basic unit calculation unit 12 uses the arithmetic device 112 to perform calculation processing regarding the basic unit for each process using the data information read from the data input unit 11. The basic unit calculation unit 12 also generates or acquires information such as the combination pattern information 54 as necessary, and stores it in the storage unit. The data output unit 13 performs processing for displaying calculation result information such as a basic unit on the screen using the output device 113, a communication device, or the like. The calculation result in the first processing unit 10 is stored in the basic unit / error information 61.

  The second computer system 200 includes a second processing unit 20 {(product) environmental load calculation unit 21}, a storage unit for (product) environmental load information 62, a storage unit for product process flow information 55, and the like. Since the second computer system 200 can be configured by a PC or the like as in the first computer system 100, elements such as an arithmetic unit will not be described.

  The (product) environmental load calculation unit 21 of the second processing unit 20 acquires and inputs necessary data information such as process-specific unit (U) from the unit / error information 61 of the first computer system 100, Also, necessary data information (product process flow information 55 in this example) is received and input from the user and each system (301 to 303), and calculation processing related to the environmental load (H) of the product is performed. The calculation result in the second processing unit 20 is stored in the (product) environmental load information 62 and can be output by a screen display or the like as in the first computer system 100.

  The environmental load measuring device 301 measures the environmental load (E) of the entire factory (corresponding to FIG. 2) in the form of power consumption, is output as environmental load information 51 (FIG. 4), and is stored in the first computer system 100. Stored in the department.

  The production system 302 includes a system such as equipment for the entire factory (corresponding to FIG. 2) and a system for managing the production. The production system 302 collects production information and the like from each process (corresponding equipment, etc.) of the entire factory, and produces a production history. Information 52 (FIG. 5) is output and stored in the storage unit in the first computer system 100.

  The design system 303 manages and creates design information related to various products manufactured in the entire factory (corresponding to FIG. 2). This design information includes product specification information 53 (FIG. 6) and is stored in a storage unit in the first computer system 100.

[Whole manufacturing process]
FIG. 2 conceptually shows an example of the entire manufacturing process in the entire target factory and related information. The whole of FIG. 2 is a target for collecting and acquiring various data shown in FIG. 4 and subsequent figures, and includes a plurality of processes related to the manufacture of products with a plurality of specifications (a plurality of specification items). The process (K) includes a board manufacturing process as the first process (k1) and a component mounting process as the second process (k2). As a product (P), 201 is a material that is input to k1 by purchase, 202 is a PWB (printed wiring board) that is input to k2, 203 is a PWB that is manufactured at k1 and input to k2, and 204 is manufactured at k2. PCB (printed circuit board). In the substrate manufacturing process (k1), the material (201) is input to manufacture the PWB (203). In the component mounting process (K2), in addition to the PWB (203) manufactured in the board manufacturing process (k1) on one side, the purchased PWB (202) is input to manufacture the PCB (204). As the production amount (M), the production amount of 203 PWB is m1, and the production amount of PCB 204 is m2. Moreover, although each equipment corresponding to each process (k1, k2) is driven with electric power, the power consumption is managed and measured by the whole factory (E), not individually (environmental load measuring device 301). .

  In addition, the unit by process (U) is associated with each process (K). That is, the first basic unit (U1) is associated with the first step (k1), and the second basic unit (U2) is associated with the second step (k2).

  In the present embodiment, the specification item (S) is associated with each step (K) (described later, combination pattern information 54 and the like). In the example of FIG. 2, the first specification item (s1) is associated with the first step (k1), and the first specification item (s1) and the second step are associated with the second step (k2). In this case, two specification items (s2) are associated with each other. Each process (K) has processing contents that are variably controlled (for example, there are substrate lamination, drilling, placement processing, etc.), and the value of the product specification item (S) is variable according to the processing contents. Can be. s1 is “number of layers” and s2 is “number of mounted components”.

  The purpose of this is to calculate the basic unit (U1, U2) considering the specification (S) of the product (each specification item). Moreover, it is calculating the environmental load (H) of a product (P) according to the manufacturing process flow (manufacturing process flow information 55) for every product (P) using the basic unit (U1, U2). .

[Outline of processing]
The flow of the basic unit calculation process and the environmental load calculation process will be described with reference to FIGS. S301 and the like represent processing steps and the like. In this processing, various data information (51 to 55, 61, 62) shown in FIG. The user operates while viewing the display screen (FIG. 11) of the first computer system 100 when calculating the basic unit, and the display screen of the second computer system 200 when calculating the product environmental load (H). Operate while watching (omitted). S301 to S309 are basic unit calculation processes by the first processing unit 10, and S310 to S311 are environmental load calculation processes by the second processing unit 20 on the premise of the processing up to S309. An example of data information will be described below.

[Environmental load information]
The environmental load information 51 in FIG. 4 records information such as “period” (T), environmental load {“environmental load name”, “value” (E), “unit”}, and the like. “Period” (T) indicates a period during which the environmental load is measured (unit for acquiring a data set (D) described later). “Environmental load name” is power consumption in this example, “Value” (E) is the amount of environmental load (total power consumption) in the entire factory in the period (T), and “Unit” is its value The unit of measurement / aggregation in (E), for example, [kWh] is shown. For example, FIG. 4 shows that the total power consumption (E) at T = January 2010 was 3036.1 kWh.

[Production history information]
The production history information 52 in FIG. 5 records information such as “process” (K), “period” (T), “product” (P), “production amount” (M), and the like. “Process” (K) is a name, ID, or the like that identifies each process (k). The “period” (T) is a period during which the production information (51) is collected. “Product” (P) is a name, ID, or the like that identifies an individual product manufactured (produced, processed, etc.) in the period (T) / step (K). “Production amount” (M) indicates the production amount (unit: [sheets]) of the product (P) in the period (T) / step (K).

  FIG. 5 shows that, for example, in the substrate manufacturing process (k1), in T = January 2010, 10 products “PWB1”, 15 “PWB2” and 20 “PWB3” were produced. The production amount (M) of “PWB1” corresponds to the production amount (m1) of the PWB (203) after the first step (k1) in FIG. In addition, during the same period (T), 20 products “PCB1”, 15 “PCB2” and 10 “PCB3” were produced. The production amount (M) of “PCB1” corresponds to the production amount (m2) of the PCB (204) after the second step (k2) in FIG.

[Product specification information]
The product specification information 53 in FIG. 6 describes information such as “product” (P) and specification information {“specification item”, “value”, “unit”} of the product. “Product” (P) is a product name, ID, or the like of one or more types of products (P) manufactured in the entire factory (FIG. 2). As the specification information, one or more specification items (S) constituting the specification of the product (P), its value, its unit, and the like are described. “Specification item” is a name, ID, or the like that identifies the specification item. In this example, the specification item (S) includes s1: “number of layers” and s2: “number of mounted components”. Examples of other specification items include various types such as component types and areas.

  In the example of FIG. 6, the products “PWB1”, “PWB2”, and “PWB3” are basically PWB (203), but have a different number of layers (s1) as a specification (no s2). Regarding the number of layers (s1), “PWB1” is 10 layers, “PWB2” is 20 layers, and “PWB3” is 30 layers. The products “PCB1”, “PCB2”, and “PCB3” are basically the PCB (204), but the number of layers (s1) and the number of mounted components (s2) are different as specifications. The number of layers (s1) is inherited from “PWB1” to “PCB1”, for example. The number of mounted parts (s2) is 1000 for “PCB1”, 2000 for “PCB2”, and 1500 for “PCB3”.

  The specification item (S) is not limited to the two types (s1, s2) in this example, but by extracting and handling as many specification items as possible that are highly related to the environmental load in the entire manufacturing process, the basic unit Since appropriate specification items can be reflected in the calculation, a more accurate basic unit can be obtained.

[Combination pattern information]
FIG. 7 shows an example of pattern information (process-specific combination pattern information) 54 obtained by automatic generation or the like in the first computer system 100. In the pattern information 54, regarding the manufacture of the product (P), the relationship between each process (k1, k2) of the entire manufacturing process (FIG. 2) and each specification (specification item: s1, s2) of the product specification information 53. Then, generate and describe all possible combination patterns. This pattern information 54 is generated in order to set a specification item (S) that is a unit to be reflected in the calculation of the unit by process (U) (creation of a regression equation). The generation is automatically performed by the first processing unit 10 (basic unit calculation unit 12), but another system or one created by the user may be used.

  In the table of pattern information 54 in FIG. 7, the left column, the vertical direction indicates “pattern number” (identification number of each pattern), the upper row, the horizontal direction indicates each step (k1, k2), The intersection of the process indicates the specification item (S) to be related. For example, in the first pattern (# 1), s1 is related to k1, and s1 is related to k2. In the second pattern (# 2), s1 is related to k1, and s2 is related to k2. This relationship is also illustrated in FIG. The right side shows the correspondence with the regression equation (R) created for each pattern in the processing of the regression equation (R) for each data set (D). For each data set (D) corresponding to the period (T), a plurality (n) of regression equations (R1 to Rn) corresponding to the number of patterns (n) are created.

  In this example, as shown in FIG. 2, the case where there are only two patterns from two steps (k1, k2) and two specification items (s1, s2) is shown. When the number of specification items is increased, the number of patterns is increased accordingly.

[Product process flow information]
FIG. 8 shows an example of product process flow information 55. The product process flow information 55 includes information on all process flows (corresponding to FIG. 2) necessary for manufacturing each product (P). This information is obtained from information input or automatic generation to the second computer system 200, or from the first computer system 100, the production system 302, or the like (any may be used). In the product process flow information 55 in FIG. 8, “product” (P) in the left column indicates the product name and the like, and “process order” in the upper row indicates the process order in the process flow for manufacturing the product (P). Indicates. The intersection of the product and the process order indicates the process name of the process (K) to be applied. For example, the product “PWB1” indicates that the first step is k1, and the product “PCB1” indicates that the first step is k1 and the second step is k2.

[Basic unit / error information]
FIG. 9 shows an example of the basic unit / error information 61. This information is used for information on the screen (FIG. 11). The basic unit / error information 61 includes information such as “process” (K), “specification item” (S), “original unit” (U), “unit”, “regression equation”, “error”, and the like. The “Process” (K) is a process name corresponding to the unit by unit (U). “Specification item” (S) indicates a specification item name or the like reflected in the calculation of the basic unit (U) for each process. In the “basic unit” (U), the value of the basic unit calculated by the basic unit calculation unit 12 is stored. The “unit” is a unit constituting the “basic unit” according to the “specification item”, and the denominator is, for example, “layer” or “individual” according to the “specification item”. “Regression equation” indicates identification information of the regression equation (R) used in the calculation of the basic unit (U). The “error” stores the error (g) calculated together with the value of the basic unit (U).

  The example of FIG. 9 shows an example of a calculation result by a regression equation (R2) (corresponding to the pattern # 2), and the basic unit (U1) of the substrate manufacturing process (k1) is based on the number of layers (s1). The calculated basic unit is indicated by the amount of power per layer ([kWh / layer]), for example, 2.85 kWh / layer. In addition, the basic unit (U2) of the component mounting process (k2) is a basic unit calculated with the number of mounted components (s2) as a unit, and is the amount of power per component to be mounted ([kWh / piece]). For example, 0.0034 kWh / piece. Similarly, a result for each regression equation (R1 to Rn) of a plurality (n) of patterns is stored. When there are a plurality of calculation source data sets (D), the results for the plurality of data sets (D) are stored in the same manner. Further, the basic unit registered for calculation of the product environmental load (H) is managed by flag information (not shown).

[Product Environmental Load Information]
FIG. 10 shows an example of the product environmental load information 62. This information is used as information on the screen of the second computer system 200. In the product environmental load information 62, for each “product” (P), the value of the environmental load (H) in the format (power consumption in this example) calculated by the second processing unit 20 is described. In addition, an environmental load value in a desired format (for example, CO2 emission amount) obtained by simple calculation with a conversion coefficient may be described. Further, as related information, information (unit information such as regression equation) related to the basic unit (U) used in the calculation of the environmental load (H) is appropriately described.

[Basic unit calculation processing]
Returning to FIG. 3, the basic unit calculation process will be described.

  (S301) First, based on the processing by the first processing unit 10, input data, calculation conditions, and the like are designated by a user operation on the screen (FIG. 11).

  The screen of FIG. 11 (for example, a Web browser screen) has an area for specifying input data, calculation conditions, and the like at the top, and an area for displaying information on calculation results regarding the basic unit at the bottom.

  As "input data", file names and table names of various data such as environmental load information 51, production history information 52, product specification information 53, etc. are designated and input. If the input data is fixed, this designation / input operation can be omitted by registering information in the system in advance.

  As “calculation conditions”, information such as a period (T) for collecting and acquiring the data set (D) used for the calculation of the basic unit (creation of the regression equation (R)) is similarly designated and input. In this example, one or more periods (T) are designated by designating ranges and units (months, weeks, etc.) related to the data registration date and time of the environmental load information 51 and production history information 52, and each period (T A data set (D) for each T) is acquired. The example of FIG. 11 shows that input data in the range from January 2010 to May 2010 is used on a monthly basis.

  (S302) The first processing unit 10 reads one or more data sets (D) to be calculated by reading various data (51, 52, 53, etc.) matching the range specified in S301. get. In the case of this example, five (five types) data sets (D) corresponding to the period (T) of each month are acquired. When there are a plurality of data sets (D), the same processing is performed for each data set (D).

  For example, from the read production history information 52 (FIG. 5), the first processing unit 10 determines the product (P) manufactured in the period (T) / process (K), the production amount (M), and the like. Know the information. Further, for example, the specification information of the product (P) is acquired by searching from the product specification information 53 (FIG. 6) using the product name or the like as a search key.

  (S303) Next, the first processing unit 10 uses the information (52, 53, etc.) read in S302 to generate process-specification combination pattern information 54 (FIG. 7) and stores it in the storage unit. Information generated in advance may be used. The pattern information 54 is used for setting (creating) each of a plurality (n) of regression equations (R1 to Rn) for each data set (D).

  A generation example of the pattern information 54 is as follows. First, from the production history information 52 (FIG. 5), the products (P) manufactured in the specified range (January to May 2010) (T1 to T5) are PWB1, PWB2, PWB3 in the substrate manufacturing process (k1). There are three types of PWBs, and there are three types of PCBs PCB1, PCB2 and PCB3 in the component mounting step (k2). Further, from the product specification information 53 (FIG. 6), “number of layers” (s1) is registered as the product specification of PWB (the above three types), and “number of layers” is the product specification of the PCB (the above three types). Two (s1) and “the number of mounted parts” (s2) are registered.

  All possible combinations are generated and set by associating the process (k1, k2) with the specification items (s1, s2). In this example, two patterns (# 1, # 2) shown in FIG. 7 are generated.

  (S304) Next, patterns are arbitrarily selected one by one from the pattern information 54 (FIG. 7) generated in S303, and the following regression equation (R) creation / calculation processing is performed for each pattern (S305, S306). I do. The same processing is performed for each data set (D).

  (S305) The following regression equation (R) corresponding to the pattern selected in S304 is created. If there are a plurality of data sets (D), they are created in the same manner for each data set (D).

Regression equation (R): Y = ΣAX → E = ΣUSM
Objective variable (Y): Power consumption of the entire factory (E)
Explanatory variable (X): Specification item value (S) x production amount (M) in each process (K)
Regression coefficient (A): Production unit (U) in each step (K)
Σ: represents that the sum of the values of each step (K) is taken. In the above formula, the value of the specification item (S) is also represented by S.

  In this example, regarding the data set (D1) for a certain period (T1 = January 2010), in the case of pattern # 2 (regression equation R2), that is, the unit of the basic unit (U1) of the substrate manufacturing process (k1) is Assume that the “number of layers” (s1) and the unit of the basic unit (U2) of the component mounting process (k2) are “the number of mounted components” (s2). In this case, the regression equation R2 is E = U1 · s1 · m1 + U2 · s2 · m2.

  In the above formula (R), X and Y are set with values from the data set (D) obtained in S302. In this example, E = 3036.1 kWh from FIG. 4, m1 (PWB1) = 10 sheets, m1 (PWB2) = 15 sheets, m1 (PWB3) = 20 sheets from FIG. Further, from FIG. 6, s1 (PWB1) = 10 layers, s1 (PWB2) = 20 layers, s1 (PWB3) = 30 layers, s2 (PCB1) = 1000, s2 (PCB2) = 2000, s2 (PCB3) = 1500 pieces, etc. are set.

  (S306) By the regression analysis process by the basic unit calculation unit 12, the regression equation (R) for each data set (D) created in S305 is solved, and the manufacturing source of each step (K) which is the solution (A) While calculating the value of a unit (U), the error (g) for evaluating the certainty of the basic unit (U) is calculated. Note that various general mathematical methods can be used to solve the regression equation. Information such as the calculated basic unit (U) and error (g) is stored in the basic unit / error information 61 (FIG. 9).

  (S307) The above-described processing is executed for a plurality of (n) all patterns (corresponding regression equations R1 to Rn) in the pattern information 54 to obtain calculation results.

  (S308) Information is displayed on the screen (FIG. 11) by the data output unit 13 using the basic unit / error information 61 (FIG. 9) including the calculation result. In the output example of the calculation result in the lower part of FIG. 11, all the regression equations (R1) calculated in the above (n) so that the user can compare and select, for example, the optimal regression equation (basic unit). To Rn), the basic unit (U), the error (g), and the corresponding specification item (S) are displayed. For example, the images are automatically arranged and displayed in the order of small error (g).

  (S309) The user can select one to be registered for evaluation calculation of product environmental load (H) from the plurality of basic units (U) (selection button or registration button). For example, the one with the smallest error (g) can be selected.

  The first processing unit 10 registers information on the selected basic unit (U) as a basic unit (U) for evaluation (calculation) of the product environmental load (H) (in the basic unit / error information 61). Reflected).

  Or it is good also as a form which displays or registers a thing with the smallest error (g) automatically above.

  Even if the solution (basic unit) having the smallest error (g) is selected, the value may not match the experience value. In that case, it is possible to take measures such as examining information on another pattern (regression equation R) having a small error (g). As shown in FIG. 11, information such as basic units (U) and errors (g) of all regression equations R is displayed in a list so that the user can easily study.

  “Error” (g) in FIG. 11 indicates that when the smaller one is “1.0”, the other is “1.1” (the error is 10% larger). In this example, the production unit (U) obtained from the regression equation (R2) of the pattern # 2 with the smallest error (g) is the unit (U1) corresponding to the substrate production process (k1) with s1 as a unit. It is calculated to be 2.85 kWh / layer, and in the basic unit (U2) corresponding to the component mounting process (k2), it is calculated using s2 as a unit and is 0.0034 kWh / piece.

[Environmental load calculation]
Similarly, the product environmental load (H) calculation process will be described with reference to FIG.

  (S310) The second computer system 200 (second processing unit 20) reads information such as the manufacturing unit (U) and error (g) stored in the unit / error information 61 by the processing up to S309. . Further, information on all processes necessary for manufacturing the product (P) is read from the product process flow information 55 (FIG. 8).

  (S311) Using the information read in S310, the product process flow information 55, and the like, the second processing unit 20 performs the following calculation process for evaluating the environmental load (H) for each product (P). In this example, the product environmental load (H) is calculated in units of power consumption. The calculation result is stored in the product environmental load information 62.

  The environmental load (H) at the time of manufacturing the product (P) is a manufacturing source associated with the process (K) for each process (K) in all the processes (K) necessary for manufacturing the product (P). Taking the product (U × S × M) of the unit (U), the specification item value (S) associated with the specification of the product (P), and the production volume (M), the total process (K) Is calculated by taking the sum of (ΣUSM). That is, the calculation formula of the environmental load (H) of the product (P) is H = ΣUSM.

  In the example of PCB (204), it can be calculated by H = U1 · s1 · m1 + U2 · s1 · m1.

  Further, by multiplying the environmental load (H) in units of power consumption obtained above by a predetermined conversion coefficient, it is possible to obtain a predetermined unit of environmental load such as CO2 emission amount. The same applies to other units of environmental impact such as air pollutants and water pollutants as well as examples of power consumption and CO2. Note that the management and processing of the conversion coefficient and the value after conversion are easy and the description thereof is omitted.

  For example, when obtaining the environmental impact in units of CO2 emissions, assuming that the conversion factor F (CO2 basic unit) is 0.4 kg-CO2 / kWh, the environmental impact (H) at the time of product manufacture is PCB1: H = 12.8kg -CO2 (12.7), PCB2: H = 25.6kg-CO2 (25.5), PCB3: H = 37.2kg-CO2 (36.2), with a maximum error of about 3%. In addition, the value in the bracket | parenthesis of the said H shows the value set as a true value on this evaluation calculation simulation. On the other hand, in the conventional method, since product specifications are not taken into consideration, H (CO2 emission) is equal to all products, for example, 24.8 kg-CO2, and the error is about 50% at the maximum. Therefore, it can be said that this embodiment can more accurately evaluate the product environmental load.

[Effects]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the process-specific unit (U) can be easily calculated using the environmental load (E) of the entire factory without increasing the man-hour and cost of measuring the environmental load. . In addition, the specification (specification item (S)) that takes into account and reflects the difference in process contents (difference in specification item (S)) according to the product specification and process flow, etc. The basic unit (U) is calculated. Thereby, the environmental load (H) of the product (P) can be accurately or more accurately evaluated. Further, by handling a plurality of regression equations (R) by a pattern considering a plurality of specification items (S) related to the step (K), a basic unit (U) by a suitable specification item (S) can be calculated and You can choose.

  In this embodiment, in addition to the concept of the basic unit for each process (environmental load per unit production) in the conventional method, the unit takes into account the product specifications (specification items related to the process) for each process. This is a concept of calculating the basic unit for each process (environmental load per unit specification item). In addition, although it demonstrated that it calculated with the unit for every process (basic unit according to process) regarding manufacturing basic unit, it is the same even if it thinks that it calculates with units, such as a manufacturing apparatus (equipment) matched with a process.

  As mentioned above, the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Needless to say.

  The present invention can be used for a production management system for various products such as semiconductors, a software service for calculating a manufacturing unit and an environmental load, and the like.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... 1st process part (software program), 11 ... Data input part, 12 ... Basic unit calculation part, 13 ... Data output part, 20 ... 2nd process part (software program), 21 ... Environmental load calculation part, 51 ... Environmental load information, 52 ... Production history information, 53 ... Product specification information, 54 ... Combination pattern information, 55 ... Product process flow information, 61 ... Basic unit / error information, 62 ... Product environmental load information, 91, 92 ... Network 100... First computer system (basic unit calculation device) 111... Input device 112... Computing device 113 113 output device 200 second computer system (environmental load calculation device) 201. ... PWB, 203 ... PWB, 204 ... PCB, 301 ... Environmental load measuring device, 302 ... Production system, 303 ... Design system.

Claims (9)

A basic unit calculation device for calculating a basic unit for manufacturing a product,
Information on environmental load (E) in the entire manufacturing process including multiple processes (K) related to the manufacture of multiple products, information on production volume (M) of products manufactured in each process (K), and each process An input processing unit that inputs data information including the specification item (S) information constituting the specification of the product manufactured in (K) and acquires one or more data sets (D) to be calculated; ,
Using the data information and the data set (D), the basic unit (U) for each process (K) is a regression coefficient, the environmental load (E) in the entire manufacturing process is an objective variable, and the specification item (S ) And the production amount (M) as an explanatory variable, one or more regression equations (R) are created, and by regression analysis, the basic unit (U) and error (g) as the regression coefficients A calculation processing unit for calculating
An output processing unit that outputs information including the calculated basic unit (U) and error (g). In the basic unit calculation apparatus according to claim 1,
In the calculation processing unit, for each of the plurality of steps (K) in the entire manufacturing process, the basic unit (U) for each step (K), the production amount (M) of the step (K), and the step (K) Regression equation (E = ΣUSM) that the value obtained by adding the product of the value of the specification item (S) related to K) in all processes (K) is equal to the environmental load (E) of the entire manufacturing process A basic unit calculation device, characterized by: In the basic unit calculation apparatus according to claim 1,
The calculation processing unit generates all combination patterns that relate the process (K) and the specification item (S) based on the data information, and creates the regression equation for each pattern. Then, for each data set (D), a plurality of (n) regression equations (R) corresponding to the number of patterns (n) are created. In the basic unit calculation apparatus according to claim 1,
The input processing unit acquires a plurality of data sets (D) obtained by changing a totaling period (T) in the information on the environmental load (E) and the information on the production amount (M) of the entire manufacturing process,
The calculation processing unit similarly creates and calculates the regression equation for each of the plurality of data sets (D),
The output processing unit outputs calculation result information for each of the plurality of data sets (D). In the basic unit calculation apparatus according to claim 1,
The output processing unit allows a user to refer to and compare information including the basic unit (U), the error, and the related specification item (S) that are solutions of the one or more regression equations. A basic unit calculation device characterized in that a basic unit (U) displayed on a screen and selected by a user can be registered as a basic unit for calculating a product environmental load (H). In the basic unit calculation apparatus according to claim 1,
The output processing unit is configured to minimize the error based on information including the basic unit (U) that is a solution of the one or more regression equations, the error, and the related specification item (S). A basic unit calculation apparatus, wherein a specific basic unit (U) is registered as a basic unit for calculating a product environmental load (H). An environmental load calculation device that calculates an environmental load using a basic unit related to product manufacture,
Information on environmental load (E) in the entire manufacturing process including multiple processes (K) related to the manufacture of multiple products, information on production volume (M) of products manufactured in each process (K), and each process An input processing unit that inputs data information including the specification item (S) information constituting the specification of the product manufactured in (K) and acquires one or more data sets (D) to be calculated; ,
Using the data information and the data set (D), the basic unit (U) for each process (K) is a regression coefficient, the environmental load (E) in the entire manufacturing process is an objective variable, and the specification item (S ) And the production amount (M) as an explanatory variable, one or more regression equations (R) are created, and by regression analysis, the basic unit (U) and error (g) as the regression coefficients A first calculation processing unit for calculating
An output processing unit for outputting information including the calculated basic unit (U) and error (g);
Using the information including the basic unit (U) and the error (g), the information on the specification item (S) of the product (P), and the process flow information for manufacturing the product (P), the product (P ), For all processes (K) related to the production of the product (P), the basic unit (U) for each process (K), the value of the specification item (S), and the production volume (M ), And a second calculation processing unit that calculates the environmental load (H) of the product (P) based on a value obtained by adding the product to all the steps (K). apparatus. A program for causing a computer to execute a process for calculating a basic unit for manufacturing a product,
Information on environmental load (E) in the entire manufacturing process including multiple processes (K) related to the manufacture of multiple products, information on production volume (M) of products manufactured in each process (K), and each process An input process for inputting one or more data sets (D) to be calculated by inputting data information including specification item (S) information constituting the specifications of the product manufactured in (K);
Using the data information and the data set (D), the basic unit (U) for each process (K) is a regression coefficient, the environmental load (E) in the entire manufacturing process is an objective variable, and the specification item (S ) And the production amount (M) as an explanatory variable, one or more regression equations (R) are created, and by regression analysis, the basic unit (U) and error (g) as the regression coefficients A calculation process for calculating
An output process for outputting information including the calculated basic unit (U) and error (g). A program that causes a computer to execute a process for calculating an environmental load using a basic unit for manufacturing a product,
Information on environmental load (E) in the entire manufacturing process including multiple processes (K) related to the manufacture of multiple products, information on production volume (M) of products manufactured in each process (K), and each process An input process for inputting one or more data sets (D) to be calculated by inputting data information including specification item (S) information constituting the specifications of the product manufactured in (K);
Using the data information and the data set (D), the basic unit (U) for each process (K) is a regression coefficient, the environmental load (E) in the entire manufacturing process is an objective variable, and the specification item (S ) And the production amount (M) as an explanatory variable, one or more regression equations (R) are created, and by regression analysis, the basic unit (U) and error (g) as the regression coefficients A first calculation process for calculating
An output process for outputting information including the calculated basic unit (U) and error (g);
Using the information including the basic unit (U) and the error (g), the information on the specification item (S) of the product (P), and the process flow information for manufacturing the product (P), the product (P ), For all processes (K) related to the production of the product (P), the basic unit (U) for each process (K), the value of the specification item (S), and the production volume (M And a second calculation process for calculating the environmental load (H) of the product (P) based on a value obtained by adding the product to the entire process (K).

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