JP2012048522A - Emission right management device of environmental load substance, emission right management method of environmental load substance and computer program - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device capable of consolidating emission rights of a plurality of vehicles into a large tradable emission right based on respective emission reductions of greenhouse effect gas exhausted from the vehicles and fairly distributing the emission right into the vehicles.SOLUTION: An emission right management device 1 groups a plurality of vehicles 2 of management objects and quantifies: an increased or decreased value of a total amount of fuel consumption by a group based on a difference between the total amount of fuel consumed by all the vehicles 2 belonging to the group in a previous year and the total amount of fuel consumed by the same in a current year; as well as a degree of contribution of each vehicle 2 to the increased or decreased value. Then, the emission right management device 1 specifies an emission right corresponding to the increased or decreased value based on a predetermined conversion table, and distributes an economic value created by the specified emission right to each vehicle 2 in proportion to the respective degree of contribution.

Description

The present invention relates to an information processing mechanism for deriving an emission right of an environmentally hazardous substance such as a greenhouse gas based on a difference value of fuel consumption by a plurality of vehicles.
Here, the “emission credit” is a value that quantitatively represents a frame in which the discharge of environmentally hazardous substances is permitted, and is subject to trading in the emissions trading market. A person who has obtained an emission credit is allowed to discharge an amount of environmentally hazardous substances according to the quantitative value represented by the emission credit.

  In recent years, with increasing environmental problems such as global warming and energy depletion, energy-saving measures are being sought to reduce emissions of environmentally hazardous substances and to effectively use energy resources such as oil. Although measures have been taken in the industrial sector, it is desirable to reduce not only the industrial sector but also the household sector (general households) in order to further reduce emissions of environmentally hazardous substances. It is. In the household sector, the discharge of environmentally hazardous substances can be broadly divided into the use of electricity and the use of vehicles.

The amount of environmentally hazardous substances emitted by a vehicle can be determined by correlation with the amount of fuel consumed or the amount of fuel supplied. For example, the fact that the amount of fuel consumption or the amount of fuel supplied has decreased in a certain period represents that it has contributed to the reduction of the amount of environmentally hazardous substances emitted.
In order to reduce the amount of fuel supplied, it is conceivable to change the vehicle to be used to an environment-friendly vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle or an electric vehicle. However, environmentally-friendly vehicles are relatively expensive, and considering the movable years of vehicles currently in use, they cannot be actively replaced.
In view of this, a so-called “eco-driving” is recommended for each driver, and a soft method for reducing the amount of fuel consumed by the driving method is attracting attention. The Energy Conservation Center, Japan, advocates mitigation of the following items as “eco-driving”: sudden start, rapid acceleration, idling stop, etc.

The software approach requires technology that quantifies and manages the amount of environmentally hazardous substances emitted from vehicles. With regard to such a technique, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for quantitatively presenting the emission amount of air pollutants such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides from the vehicle to the driver of the vehicle.
Recently, a mechanism for trading emissions credits for environmentally hazardous substances in the market has also been proposed. For example, Patent Document 2 discloses an invention in which a reduction amount of greenhouse gas emissions in each vehicle is used as an emission right in the greenhouse gas emission trading market.
Further, Patent Document 3 discloses an invention whose content is to grant a greenhouse gas emission right to a customer who makes a lease contract in accordance with the amount of fuel supplied to the automobile according to the automobile lease contract.

JP 2004-157842 A JP 2009-087317 A JP 2009-217401 A

In the invention disclosed in Patent Document 2, the emission right corresponding to the reduction amount of the greenhouse gas emission amount is set as the object of trading in the greenhouse gas emission trading market in each vehicle. However, in the case of an individual, since the amount of emission reduction is very small, the emission right becomes small, and it is too expensive to make a transaction, and its spread is difficult.
The invention disclosed in Patent Document 3 gives this emission right to customers who make a lease contract according to the amount of fuel supplied. The more the fuel is supplied, that is, the longer the mileage, the larger the emission right. It does not derive emission credits according to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by each lease customer.

In addition, none of the conventional inventions provide the customer with the motivation for reducing the emission of environmentally hazardous substances such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides by the vehicle.
The present invention solves such a conventional problem and develops a small emission right according to the reduction amount of the environmentally hazardous substance discharged from each vehicle to be tradeable in the market. The main issue is to provide a mechanism that can give the vehicle driver motivation for reduction.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an emission rights management device, an emission rights management method, and a computer program.
The emission rights management device provided by the present invention is a management target with a table that records the correspondence between emission rights and fuel consumption or their increase / decrease values that quantitatively represent the frames in which the discharge of environmentally hazardous substances is allowed. Group management means for classifying a plurality of vehicles into one group according to a predetermined standard, operation data including fuel consumption and mileage of each vehicle is acquired, and the acquired operation data is associated with identification information of the vehicle and the group Based on the difference between the data acquisition means for accumulating every certain period and the sum of the fuel consumption in the first period and the sum of the fuel consumption in the second period thereafter for all vehicles belonging to one group. In addition to deriving the increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption of the entire group, the contribution of each vehicle to the increase / decrease value is quantified, and the quantified contribution is related to the identification information of the vehicle. First management means for storing, second management means for specifying the emission right corresponding to the derived increase / decrease value based on the correspondence relationship of the table, and due to the specified emission right And a third management means for allocating the generated economic value to each vehicle belonging to the group in accordance with the degree of contribution.

  In the emission rights management device of the present invention, emission rights are derived in groups of a plurality of vehicles, so that minute emission rights by individual vehicles can be used as large emission rights. Can be suitable. Also, emission rights are derived based on the increase / decrease value of fuel consumption, that is, the increase / decrease amount of environmentally hazardous substances, and the economic value resulting from the emission rights is allocated according to the contribution of each vehicle. Thus, the fairness within the group can be ensured, and the driver of the vehicle can be motivated to reduce environmentally hazardous substances.

In one embodiment, the first management means includes an individual evaluation result obtained by comparing fuel consumption, travel distance, or fuel consumption between the first period and the second period for each vehicle, and a group. Among the intra-group evaluation results obtained from the average fuel consumption of each vehicle belonging to each period and the fuel consumption performance of individual vehicles, one of the results is derived as the relative increase / decrease value.
The first management means calculates the average fuel consumption of the group for each period based on the total value of the fuel consumption of all the vehicles belonging to one group and the total value of the mileage. Is calculated for each vehicle assuming that the vehicle has traveled the same distance during the same period, and a difference value between the assumed fuel consumption in the first period and the assumed fuel consumption in the second period is calculated. By summing up all the vehicles belonging to the group, the overall increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption amount in the second period of the entire group is derived, and the difference value of each vehicle relative to the difference value of the entire group is obtained as the overall increase / decrease value. The relative evaluation within the group is performed by deriving a relative increase / decrease value by multiplying by the ratio.
Alternatively, the first management means calculates the average fuel consumption of the group for each period based on the total value of the fuel consumption of all the vehicles belonging to one group and the total value of the mileage, and the group of the first period The difference value between the fuel consumption amount and the actual fuel consumption amount assuming that the vehicle has traveled the travel distance of the second period with the average fuel consumption is calculated for each vehicle belonging to the group, and this is used as the relative increase / decrease value. Thus, the relative evaluation within the group is performed.
The first management means may output an adjustment value for changing the distribution ratio when the result of the individual evaluation or the intra-group relative evaluation exceeds a predetermined multiple.

  The emission rights management method provided by the present invention includes a table that records a correspondence relationship between emission rights and fuel consumption or an increase / decrease value that quantitatively represents a frame in which emissions of environmentally hazardous substances are allowed, and a storage device. A method that is executed by a computer apparatus having a step of classifying a plurality of vehicles to be managed into one group according to a predetermined standard, and obtaining operation data including fuel consumption and mileage of each vehicle The operation data is associated with the vehicle and group identification information and accumulated in the storage device at regular intervals, and the sum of fuel consumption in the first period of all vehicles belonging to one group and the second Based on the difference from the sum of fuel consumption over the period, the increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption of the entire group is derived, and the contribution of individual vehicles to the increase / decrease value is quantified. Then, the step of storing the quantified contribution degree in association with the identification information of the vehicle and storing it in the storage device, and specifying the emission right corresponding to the derived increase / decrease value based on the correspondence relationship of the table A computer-controlled emission credit management method comprising: a step and a step of allocating an economic value caused by the specified emission credit to each vehicle belonging to the group according to the contribution degree.

  The computer program provided by the present invention includes an input interface for acquiring data directly or indirectly from a plurality of vehicles to be managed, an emission right and a fuel consumption amount that quantitatively represents a frame in which discharge of environmentally hazardous substances is permitted. A computer program for causing a computer device having a storage unit and a computer device having a correspondence relationship with the increase / decrease value to function as a discharge right management device, wherein the computer device is connected to the plurality of vehicles according to a predetermined standard. Group management means for classifying into one group, operation data including fuel consumption and mileage of each vehicle is acquired through the input interface, and the acquired operation data is associated with the identification information of the vehicle and group at regular intervals. Data acquisition means for accumulating in the storage device, all vehicles belonging to one group Based on the difference between the sum of the fuel consumption in the first period and the sum of the fuel consumption in the second period thereafter, the increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption for the entire group is derived, and First management means for quantifying the contribution of the vehicle and storing the quantified contribution in association with the identification information of the vehicle in the storage device, and the emission right corresponding to the derived increase / decrease value in the table Function as second management means for specifying based on correspondence, and third management means for allocating the economic value resulting from the specified emission right to each vehicle belonging to the group according to the degree of contribution It is a computer program to make it.

  According to the present invention, a small emission right corresponding to the reduction amount of environmentally hazardous substances discharged from individual vehicles is developed into a large one that can be traded in the market, thereby reducing the cost of the parties required for the transaction. As a result, it is possible to promote the spread of emissions credit trading and to give motivation to vehicle drivers for the reduction of environmentally hazardous substances through individual efforts. As a result, it is possible to contribute to the substantial reduction of environmentally hazardous substances. can get.

It is a conceptual diagram explaining how emission credits are derived by the emissions credit management device and traded in the emissions credit trading market. It is a general view of the composition required for derivation of emission credits. It is a functional block diagram of an insurance premium calculation system. It is an illustration figure of contract vehicle data. It is an illustration figure of a group table. It is an illustration figure of the data according to group. It is an illustration figure of the data according to group. It is an illustration figure of fuel consumption data. It is an illustration figure of fuel consumption data. It is an illustration figure of the fuel consumption data according to group. It is an illustration figure of a discharge amount table. It is an illustration figure of the discharge | emission amount data showing the increase / decrease amount of the greenhouse gas of each vehicle. It is an illustration figure of the discharge | emission amount data showing the increase / decrease amount of the greenhouse gas of each group. It is an illustration figure of an emission right table. It is an illustration figure of a discount table. It is an illustration figure of an emission right fee table. It is a flowchart of the emission credit calculation process of Example 1. It is a flowchart of the emission credit calculation process of Example 2. It is a flowchart of a process of insurance premium determination.

Hereinafter, an embodiment example of the emission control device of the present invention will be described in detail.
FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the usage status of the emission control device of the present invention.
In this example, the environmental load substance is a greenhouse gas such as carbon dioxide, and the emission right management device 1 derives the emission right of a vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “contracted vehicle”) held by a contractor registered in advance. An example will be given in which the emission credits acquired by the emission credits are reduced in accordance with the amount of greenhouse gas reduction.

The emission control device 1 includes operation data from a plurality of contracted vehicles 2, that is, consumption data representing fuel consumption, distance data representing travel distance, and other various data representing driving operation status of the contracted vehicle 2 as needed. Sent.
The emission credit management device 1 manages a plurality of contracted vehicles 2 by grouping them according to a predetermined standard, and periodically calculates the operation data acquired from each contracted vehicle 2 for each group, thereby increasing or decreasing the fuel consumption. Deriving emission credits for each group based on
This emission credit is subject to trading in the emission trading market, and an emission credit can be obtained.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of an insurance premium calculation system 3 incorporating the above-described emission right management device 1 as one of the components.
The insurance fee calculation system 3 is installed in a building of an insurance company, for example, and obtains operation data directly from the in-vehicle computer device 4 of the contracted vehicle 2 or through the recording medium 5, the information processing device 6 and the network N, and has a fixed period. Aggregate every time.
Note that the emission control device 1 only needs to be able to communicate with the insurance premium calculation system 3, and therefore may be provided as another independent device.

[In-vehicle computer device]
The contract vehicle 2 is provided with an in-vehicle computer device 4 that stores the operation data described above and can send the operation data to the insurance premium calculation system 3 at any time.
The in-vehicle computer device 4 is connected to an external output terminal provided for, for example, a diagnosis (diagnosis: a self-diagnosis function for checking whether various sensors normally operate) that are mounted in a standard vehicle as standard. And can use a CAN (Controller Area Network) in the vehicle.
In other words, it is connected to an external output terminal of diagnosis, and various operation data that can be measured by diagnosis are collected and stored in a memory (not shown).
The operation data includes, in addition to the distance data and consumption data described above, data representing a change in travel speed with time, a change in engine speed with time, and the like. A change in speed and a change in engine speed indicate the degree of sudden start and sudden acceleration / deceleration. If there is no such change, it is estimated that there was an “eco-drive”. In addition, the fuel consumption represented by the consumption data can be reduced by energizing the idling stop.

  The in-vehicle computer device 4 can also be equipped with a communication device such as a DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication) or a mobile phone. When the in-vehicle computer device 4 is configured in this way, the communication device directly transmits the operation data to the insurance premium calculation system 3 using DSRC narrow area communication or mobile phone public waves. Is called. When the in-vehicle computer device 4 includes a terminal to which the external memory 5 can be connected, the operation data stored in the in-vehicle computer device 4 is recorded in the external memory 5.

[Information processing device]
The information processing device 6 is a computer device capable of two-way communication with the insurance premium calculation system 3, and can be equipped with an external memory 5 that stores operation data read from the in-vehicle computer device 4 of the contract vehicle 2. It has become. The information processing device 6 reads the operation data from the attached external memory 5 and transmits it to the insurance premium calculation system 3 every time the insurance contract is updated via the network N.
In addition, when acquiring directly from the vehicle-mounted computer apparatus 4, the insurance premium calculation system 3 may acquire operation data irregularly. In the insurance fee calculation device 3, the operation data acquired irregularly is accumulated every certain period, for example, every year or every month, so that the operation data of the group and each contracted vehicle 2 is stored in the emission control device 1. Can be managed.

[Insurance premium calculation system]
The insurance premium calculation system 3 is a server device having a communication function, and derives greenhouse gas emissions and emission rights using operation data acquired from the in-vehicle computer device 4 or the information processing device 6. Manage emission credits obtained from emissions trading.
In addition, the insurance fee is determined by distributing the emission credit to each contracted vehicle 2. The insurance fee calculation system 3 is connected to an input device and an output device.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the insurance premium calculation system 3.
The insurance fee calculation system 3 executes a predetermined program, and is formed in cooperation with the hardware part, and includes an input control unit 11, an output control unit 12, a contracted vehicle management unit 13, a fuel consumption management unit 14, an emission, etc. An amount management unit 15, an emission right management unit 16, an insurance premium management unit 17, a main control unit 18, and a storage unit 19 are provided. A configuration obtained by removing the insurance premium management unit 17 from the insurance premium calculation system 3 is an example of the emission credit management device 1.

  The input control unit 11 acquires operation data and other data from the information processing device 6 and the in-vehicle computer device 4 of the contract vehicle 2 via the input device connected to the insurance premium calculation system 3 and the network N, and manages each data. Control to input to the unit. The input device is a keyboard, a numeric keypad, a mouse, or the like.

  The output control unit 12 performs output control for outputting various information to the information processing device 6 and the in-vehicle computer device 4 of the contract vehicle 2 via the output device connected to the insurance premium calculation system 3 or the network N. . The output device is a display, a printer, or the like.

The contract vehicle management unit 13 functions as a group management unit that groups and manages a plurality of contract vehicles 2 based on a predetermined standard. As a grouping standard, for example, contract vehicles having the same attributes, for example, vehicle type (considering displacement, equipment status, year, etc.), fuel consumption, fuel consumption, main travel time zone or travel distance are statistically the same. To be.
In addition to setting identification information that can uniquely identify individual contractors or contracted vehicles, identification information that can uniquely identify the groups to which each contracted vehicle 2 belongs, for example, I, II, III... A classification symbol such as

  The fuel consumption management unit 14 functions as a management unit that accumulates the fuel consumption and fuel consumption for each contracted vehicle and each group for each period such as monthly or annually and manages changes in fuel consumption during a plurality of periods. Accumulation starts at the start of the period, and the accumulated value up to that time is stored in the storage unit 17 every time the period expires.

The emission management unit 15 calculates the actual increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption based on the fuel consumption and the fuel consumption for each contracted vehicle and each group managed by the fuel management unit 14 and the result of the calculation. Based on this, the amount of increase / decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, which is the basis for derivation of emission rights, and the degree of contribution of individual contracted vehicles that contributed to the increase / decrease in greenhouse gas emissions for the entire group are derived.
The amount of increase or decrease in greenhouse gas emissions is derived for each contracted vehicle by comparing the actual value of fuel consumption during a certain period (first period) with the fuel consumption during the next period (second period). For the entire group, the amount of increase / decrease for all contracted vehicles belonging to the group is added up. As a result of the summation, when the fuel consumption decreases, the reduced greenhouse gas is reduced.

  Regarding the degree of contribution, there are two groups: relative evaluation derived from the individual evaluation derived based on the actual value of each contracted vehicle and the increase / decrease value of each contracted vehicle relative to the increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption of the entire group. There is one, and the contribution degree is quantified by combining either or both of them. For example, the individual evaluation and the intra-group evaluation, which has a larger reduction effect, is adopted as a numerical value representing the contribution degree of the contract vehicle. The numerical value calculated by the individual evaluation and the relative evaluation within the group is stored in the storage unit 19 in association with the identification information of the contracted vehicle 2.

The emission rights management unit 16 reads the emission rights corresponding to the increase / decrease amount of the greenhouse gas based on the increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption of the entire group from various tables to be described later, and the read emission rights in the second period of the group Specify as a right. Make these emission credits subject to trading in the emissions trading market, so that emission credits can be obtained.
The emission credit management unit 16 also distributes the emission credits obtained from the transaction to each contracted vehicle based on the individual evaluation and the relative evaluation within the group (including the point adjustment value or the point adjustment value). I do.

  The insurance premium management unit 17 determines the insurance premium for each contracted vehicle 2 based on the allocated emission credits. The main control unit 18 controls the operation of each functional block in the insurance premium calculation system 3. The main control unit 18 also updates various data stored in the storage unit 19 with data input from the input device, and executes various processes.

The storage unit 19 is divided into a contract vehicle storage unit 191, a group storage unit 192, a year-specific fuel consumption storage unit 193, a group fuel consumption storage unit 194, and an emission amount storage unit 195, and further includes an emission right table 196, a discount A table 197 and an emission right fee table 198.
The contract vehicle storage unit 191 stores information related to the contract vehicle 2. The group storage unit 192 stores information related to the group in which the contracted vehicles 2 are grouped. The year-by-year fuel consumption etc. storage unit 193 stores information on fuel consumption and combustion consumption by year of each contracted vehicle 2. The fuel consumption by group storage unit 194 stores information on fuel consumption and combustion consumption for each group. The emission amount storage unit 195 stores information related to the greenhouse gas emission amount.
The emission right table 196 stores information on emission rights corresponding to the increase / decrease values of the fuel consumption amount or the greenhouse gas emission amount. The discount table 197 stores parameters used for insurance premium determination. The emission rights fee table 198 stores information on emission rights fees corresponding to emission rights.

FIG. 4 is an exemplary diagram of contractor data stored in the contract vehicle storage unit 191. The contractor data includes identification information of contract contents, contractor information, contract vehicle information, and operation data associated with each other.
The contractor information is the name, address, age, grade, etc. of the contractor who owns the contracted vehicle 2, and the contracted vehicle information is determined by referring to the identification information, model, and group table to be described later. Group, displacement, vehicle weight, safety equipment, etc. The contractor information and the contract vehicle information can be rewritten, for example, by an input device. Based on such contract details, the insurance premium adjustment coefficient of the contracted vehicle 2 is calculated in consideration of the contractor's personal information and safety equipment. The operation data is acquired from the information processing device 6 or the in-vehicle computer device 4 through the input control unit 11 and accumulated in the contract vehicle storage unit 191 for each period.

5A to 5C are examples of group data stored in the group storage unit 192. FIG. The contract vehicle 2 has different fuel efficiency depending on the model. Further, depending on the region or time zone in which the contract vehicle 2 normally travels, even if the vehicle is the same vehicle type, the fuel efficiency is different, and the travel distance also varies.
Therefore, the contracted vehicle management unit 13 basically groups a plurality of contracted vehicles 2 for each contracted vehicle whose model, fuel consumption, fuel consumption, travel time zone, or travel distance is statistically substantially the same. Later, the grouping is adjusted to reflect the regional characteristics of the contracted vehicle 2, such as the suburbs where there are many commuting cars, the city center where there is a lot of traffic, and the main operating hours. Is stored in the contract vehicle information.

FIG. 5A is an exemplary diagram of a group table in which a classification rule for performing grouping by the contracted vehicle management unit 13 is defined, and can be rewritten by data input from an input device.
Taking FIG. 5A as an example, the contracted vehicle 2 having the model “GSR200” and having the main location in the metropolitan area belongs to Group I, and the contracted vehicle 2 having the main location in the suburbs of Saitama belongs to Group V.
In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, you may group the contract vehicles 2 on the basis of catalog specifications, such as 10/15 mode fuel consumption, instead of a model.
5B and 5C are exemplary diagrams of group-specific data in which the identification information of the contracted vehicles 2 grouped based on the table shown in FIG. 5A is described for each group. FIG. 5B is an illustration of the results of the 2009 grouping, and FIG. 5C is an illustration of the results of the 2008 grouping. The period is conducted in the fiscal year. The reason why the group-specific data of the previous year is retained in addition to this year is to make the contracted vehicles belonging to the group uniform by responding to changes in the circumstances of the contractor.

6A and 6B are illustrations of fuel consumption, fuel consumption, and other data related to fuel consumption derived by the fuel consumption management unit 14 and stored in the annual fuel consumption storage unit 183, that is, fuel consumption data. In this example, the period is the year.
6A is an exemplary diagram of fuel consumption data of each contracted vehicle 2 in fiscal 2009, and FIG. 6B is an exemplary diagram of fuel consumption data of each contracted vehicle 2 in fiscal 2008. In order to make comparisons between years, fuel consumption data is stored for each contract vehicle 2 for at least a plurality of years.
The fuel consumption of each contracted vehicle 2 may be stored in association with contractor data stored in advance for each contracted vehicle 2 in the contracted vehicle storage unit 191. In this case, there is no need to separately prepare the year-by-year fuel consumption storage unit 183.

  FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram of the group-specific fuel consumption data derived by the fuel consumption management unit 14 and stored in the group-specific fuel consumption storage unit 184. For each group, the total value of travel distance, the total value of fuel consumption, and the average fuel consumption of all contracted vehicles 2 belonging to the group are calculated based on the operation data in the contracted vehicle storage unit 191, and the result is the item “travel distance. ”,“ Fuel consumption ”, and“ fuel consumption ”.

8A to 8C are exemplary diagrams of data derived by the discharge amount management unit 15 and stored in the discharge amount storage unit 195. FIG. 8A illustrates a conversion table (for convenience, stored in the discharge amount storage unit 195). (Referred to as a discharge amount table). The emission table stores conversion data representing the correspondence between fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions based on scientific grounds. This conversion data is created based on the correspondence information described in “Guidelines for calculating total greenhouse gas emissions” published by the Ministry of the Environment, for example.
Since the amount of greenhouse gas emission varies depending on the type of fuel, the amount of greenhouse gas discharged is determined for each type of gasoline, light oil, etc. in the emission table. In FIG. 8A, the amount of greenhouse gas emissions (kg) per liter is shown for each type of fuel. The emission table shows the amount of greenhouse gas reduced per liter of fuel consumption.

FIG. 8B is an exemplary diagram of the increase / decrease amount of the greenhouse gas emission for each contracted vehicle 2 stored in the emission storage unit 195.
The emission amount management unit 15 stores the fuel consumption data of the group, the fuel consumption data of the contracted vehicle 2 and the emission amount derived based on the emission amount table together with the identification information of the group to which the contracted vehicle 2 belongs. In the example of FIG. 8B, the greenhouse gas by the contracted vehicle 2 with the identification information “AAAA” increases by 194.8 [kg], and the greenhouse gas by the contracted vehicle 2 by the identification information “BBBB” decreases by 153.4 [kg]. is doing. The method of calculating the increase / decrease amount of the greenhouse gas emission of each contracted vehicle 2 with the identification information “AAAA” and “BBBB” is as described as the function of the fuel management unit 15.

  FIG. 8C is an exemplary diagram of the increase / decrease amount of the greenhouse gas emission of each group stored in the emission amount storage unit 195. The total value of the increase / decrease amount of each contracted vehicle 2 shown in FIG. 8B is stored as the increase / decrease amount of the greenhouse gas emission of the entire group. The example of FIG. 8C shows that the group IV greenhouse gas decreased by 3000 [kg] and the group VII greenhouse gas increased by 1200 [kg].

FIG. 9 is a view showing an example of the emission right table 196. In the emission right table 196, a numerical value for quantifying the emission right per 1 kg of the reduction amount is stored for each kind of greenhouse gas. In the illustrated example, it is stored that carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) corresponds to an emission right of “2.3” per kg. Since the numerical values for quantifying emission credits are determined based on international agreements, they can be used.

FIG. 10 is an illustration of a discount table 197 for deriving a discount coefficient for insurance premiums. The discount coefficient is set so as to increase as the fuel consumption decreases and as the travel distance decreases. In other words, the discount factor increases as the amount of greenhouse gas emissions decreases. In the discount table 197 in FIG. 10, the fuel consumption is divided into three categories 1 to 3 according to the amount, and category 3 has the smallest fuel consumption. The travel distance is divided into four sections 1 to 4 according to the distance, and section 4 has the shortest travel distance.
The number of fuel consumption and the number of travel distances can be set arbitrarily.

  FIG. 11 is a view showing an example of an emission right fee table 198 showing the emission right fee for each group. The emission right fee stored in the emission right fee table 198 is an amount obtained by trading the emission right in the emission rights trading market, but is stored as a standard before the transaction and as a transaction actual value after the transaction. .

<Emission control process>
Next, a specific example of emission credit management processing performed by the insurance premium calculation system 3 will be described.
The emission credit management process is divided into an emission credit derivation process and a process for determining the contribution degree of each contracted vehicle.

[Emissions credit derivation process]
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of the procedure of emission right derivation processing. As for emission rights, one emission right is derived for one group of a plurality of contracted vehicles.
First, operation data transmitted directly from the contracted vehicle 2 via the information processing device 6 or directly is acquired together with the identification information and date / time information of the contracted vehicle 2 (step S10), and the acquired operation data is stored in the contracted vehicle storage unit. 191 is accumulated. The operation data is accumulated every certain period, in this example every year.

  When the operation data is accumulated until the expiration of the first period and the second period (step S11: Y), the emission amount management unit 15 increases or decreases the fuel consumption amount in the first period and the second period for each contracted vehicle. Is calculated (step S12), and an increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption for each group is calculated based on the result (step S13). And based on these calculation results, the increase / decrease amount of the greenhouse gas emission used as the basis of emission right derivation is derived | led-out (step S14). Thereafter, the emission rights management unit 16 refers to the emission rights table 196 from the amount of increase / decrease in greenhouse gas emissions, and derives emission rights for the entire group (step S15). The derived emission rights are stored for each group in the storage unit 19 and output to the output device through the output control unit 12 as a “certificate” in a predetermined format as necessary.

  Emission credits can be traded together in at least one group in the emissions trading market, and emission credits can be obtained. The emission credits obtained from actual transactions are distributed according to the degree of contribution of contracted vehicles belonging to the group to the reduction of greenhouse gases.

[Contribution degree determination process]
Regarding the degree of contribution, there are two groups: relative evaluation derived from the individual evaluation derived based on the actual value of each contracted vehicle and the increase / decrease value of each contracted vehicle relative to the increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption of the entire group. There is one. The emission amount management unit 15 quantifies the degree of contribution by combining either or both of these.

  In the individual evaluation, for example, when the actual fuel consumption during the second period is lower than the actual fuel consumption during the first period of the contracted vehicle A, the difference value is used as the actual value for the contracted vehicle A. And The actual value may be derived by comparing the fuel consumption during the first period and the fuel consumption during the second period of the contracted vehicle A. In addition, when the driving tendency is improved, the extent to which so-called eco-driving has been promoted can be objectively specified.For example, when the fuel economy has improved under the same driving environment, the rate of improvement is increased to that extent. The result value may be increased accordingly.

The intra-group relative evaluation method includes a first method performed by the procedure shown in FIG. 13 and a second method performed by the procedure shown in FIG. 14, and either one can be selected.
[First method]
Referring to FIG. 13, the emission management unit 15 calculates the average fuel consumption of each group by period, for example, by year, based on the sum of the fuel consumption of all the contracted vehicles belonging to one group and the sum of the mileage. (Step S20). The average fuel consumption of the group is calculated for the first period (last year) and the second period (this year).
Next, the assumed fuel consumption when assuming that the mileage of the same year was run with the average fuel consumption of the group is shown for each contracted vehicle belonging to the group in the first period (last year) and the second period (current year). Is calculated (step S21).
Then, the difference value between the assumed fuel consumption amount in the first period and the assumed fuel consumption amount in the second period is added up for all contracted vehicles belonging to the group, and this is calculated as the fuel consumption amount in the second period of the entire group. Increase / decrease value (overall increase / decrease value) (step S22).
Thereafter, a relative increase / decrease value is derived by multiplying the overall increase / decrease value by the ratio of the difference value of the individual contracted vehicle to the difference value of the entire group (step S23).

  For example, suppose that the fuel consumption in the second period relative to the first period of the entire group is reduced by 10k liters, and the ratio between the difference value of a certain contracted vehicle and the difference value of the entire group is 0.01 (relative ratio). The relative increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption derived by the relative evaluation within the group is reduced by 100 liters.

[Second method]
Referring to FIG. 14, the emission management unit 15 calculates the average fuel consumption of the group for each period based on the sum of the fuel consumption of all the contracted vehicles belonging to one group and the sum of the mileage (steps). S30) is the same as the first method.
In the second method, the contract vehicle belonging to the group uses the difference value between the fuel consumption amount and the actual fuel consumption amount when it is assumed that the vehicle has traveled the mileage during the second period with the average fuel consumption of the group during the first period. It calculates for every and makes this a relative increase / decrease value (step S31).
This relative increase / decrease value can be obtained by the following equation.
Relative increase / decrease value = fuel consumption during the second period x {(average fuel consumption of the contracted vehicle during the second period)
÷ (Group average fuel economy during the first period)}
-1

For example, if the sum of fuel consumption during the first period of one group is 30 liters and the sum of travel distance is 189,000 km, the average fuel consumption of the group during the first period is 6.3 km. / Litter.
If the fuel consumption of the contracted vehicle B belonging to the group during the second period is 600 liters, the travel distance is 4200 km, and the average fuel consumption during the period is 7 km / liter, the contracted vehicle B will have the same travel distance When it is assumed that the vehicle has traveled with fuel efficiency, the fuel consumption amount is 4200 km / 6.3 km / liter = 666.7 liters. Since the actual fuel consumption during the second period is 600 liters, it will eventually be reduced by 66.7 liters.

  The emission management unit 15 uses the individual evaluation and the relative evaluation within the group together. For example, the individual evaluation and the intra-group evaluation indicate the degree of contribution of the contracted vehicle with the larger reduction effect, that is, the larger relative increase / decrease value. Adopt as a numerical value. As a result, during the second period, the contractor who concentrated on so-called eco-driving has a higher degree of contribution through individual evaluation. On the other hand, even if the mileage increases and fuel consumption increases, eco-driving is encouraged. As for the contracted vehicle, the contribution level is increased by the relative evaluation within the group, and as a result, eco-driving is encouraged.

The relative increase / decrease value calculated by the individual evaluation and the relative evaluation within the group is stored in the storage unit 19 in association with the identification information of the contracted vehicle 2.
It should be noted that, even if the individual evaluation or the relative evaluation within the group is performed, if the fuel consumption or fuel consumption during the second period has changed by a predetermined factor, for example, 1.2 times or more than during the first period, You may make it calculate as a point adjustment value (when improved) or a point reduction adjustment value (when it deteriorates) which multiplies an increase / decrease value. In this case, each adjustment value is stored in association with the identification information of the contracted vehicle 2.
Thereby, it is possible to suppress a driving operation that deteriorates the fuel consumption, and to give the contractor strong motivation to keep on the so-called eco-driving.

<Insurance premium calculation processing>
The insurance premium management unit 17 calculates the insurance premium for each contracted vehicle 2 according to the procedure shown in FIG.
That is, the contract vehicle data of the contract vehicle 2 for which the insurance premium is calculated is acquired from the contract vehicle storage unit 191 (step S40). As a result, the group to which the contracted vehicle 2 belongs, the travel distance and fuel consumption for the previous fiscal year and the current fiscal year are known.

  The insurance premium management unit 17 specifies a discount coefficient by referring to the discount table 197 based on the fuel consumption and the travel distance of the current year (step S41). Discount coefficients are specified according to the classification based on fuel consumption and the classification based on travel distance.

The insurance fee management unit 17 confirms the group to which the contracted vehicle 2 belongs based on the contract vehicle data, and reads the emission right fee of the confirmed group from the emission right fee table 198. The insurance premium management unit 17 reads the read emission right fee, the increase / decrease amount of the greenhouse gas of the contracted vehicle 2 stored in the emission storage unit 195, the discount coefficient specified in step S31, and the content of the contracted vehicle data From this, the increase / decrease amount of the insurance premium is calculated (step S42).
The insurance premium management unit 17 determines the insurance premium reflecting the calculated increase / decrease amount of the insurance premium. The insurance fee calculation system 3 may notify the determined insurance fee from the communication control unit 13 to the information processing device 6 or the in-vehicle computer device 4 of the contract vehicle 2, for example. At the time of notification, it is possible not only to notify the insurance premium but also to transmit the insurance contract renewal application form to prompt the contractor to renew the insurance.

  Thus, in the insurance premium calculation system 3 of the present embodiment, the insurance contractor is motivated to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by reflecting the emission credits obtained in the group in the insurance premium. Become. In the form of insurance premiums, policyholders can be conscious of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By calculating the emission right in this way, even when only one small emission right can be generated with one contracted vehicle 2, a large emission right can be generated with a plurality of contracted vehicles 2 belonging to the group. Therefore, in the emission trading market, it is easier to be traded than before.

[Operation example]
An operation example of the insurance premium calculation system 3 is shown below.
The following describes how much fuel consumption reduction and emission rights can be expected by performing eco-drive with the contracted vehicle 2 having an annual travel distance of about 6000 km.
In eco-driving, idling stops at signals and railroad crossings, soft acceleration up to 2000 rpm when starting (acceleration up to 3000 rpm before eco-driving), eco-driving for accelerator off / acceleration (normal driving before eco-driving). When the daily travel distance is 20 [km] and the vehicle travels for 27 days per month, the annual travel distance of the contracted vehicle 2 is 6480 [km]. In an automobile having an engine displacement of 1800 [cc] to 2000 [cc], the vehicle can generally travel 8 [km] per liter of fuel consumption. In this case, the fuel consumption per month is 67.5 liters.

By performing eco-driving, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The idling stop allows the engine to be turned off for a total of approximately 10 minutes per day, saving 260 milliliters of fuel. Per month, it saves 7 liters of fuel.
(2) By enforcing the soft accelerator, it can be expected to save 10% of fuel and save 6.8 liters of fuel per month.
(3) By enforcing accelerator-off / acceleration / deceleration eco-driving, a fuel saving of 2.2% can be expected, resulting in a fuel saving of 2.7 liters per month.
The above (1) to (3) can save 16.5 liters of fuel per month. Annually 198 liters of fuel will be reduced. When converted to greenhouse gases, a reduction of 455 [kg] in greenhouse gases is expected.

If one million contract vehicles 2 participate, 455,000 tons of emission rights are generated. In the European emissions trading market, emissions credits are traded at about 1500 yen per ton, so a transaction amount of 62.5 million yen at 455,000 tons is assumed. When the transaction amount is reflected in the insurance premium, it is distributed to 1 million contracted vehicles 2 according to the greenhouse gas reduction effect by eco-driving.
Currently, about 50 million vehicles are registered in Japan, and 2% of these vehicles are expected to have this amount of economic effect by participating in the emission control device of the present invention as contracted vehicles 2. If all automakers and all insurance companies are able to tackle it, we can expect further reduction of greenhouse gases.

  In this specification, greenhouse gases (such as carbon dioxide) have been described as examples of environmentally hazardous substances, but harmful substances such as lead, mercury, hexavalent chromium and cadmium emitted from vehicles are also described. The amount of increase / decrease can be managed as an emission right subject to processing similar to the above.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Emission right calculation apparatus, 11 ... Input control part, 12 ... Output control part, 13 ... Contract vehicle management part, 14 ... Fuel consumption management part, 15 ... Emission amount management part, 16 ... Emission right management part, 17 ... Insurance Charge management unit, 18 ... main control unit, 19 ... storage unit, 191 ... contract vehicle storage unit, 192 ... group storage unit, 193 ... storage unit for fuel consumption by year, 194 ... storage unit for fuel consumption by group, 195 ... emission amount Storage unit 196 ... Emission right table, 197 ... Discount table, 198 ... Emission right fee table, 2 ... Contract vehicle, 3 ... Insurance fee calculation system, 4 ... In-vehicle computer device, 5 ... External memory, 6 ... Information processing device.

Claims (7)

A table that records the correspondence between emission rights and fuel consumption or their increase / decrease values that quantitatively represent the frame in which emissions of environmentally hazardous substances are allowed;
Group management means for classifying a plurality of vehicles to be managed into one group according to a predetermined standard;
Data acquisition means for acquiring operation data including fuel consumption and travel distance of individual vehicles, and accumulating the acquired operation data in association with the identification information of the vehicle and the group every predetermined period;
Deriving an increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption of the entire group based on the difference between the sum of the fuel consumption in the first period and the sum of the fuel consumption in the second period thereafter for all vehicles belonging to one group And a first management means for quantifying the contribution of each vehicle to the increase / decrease value and storing the quantified contribution in association with the identification information of the vehicle;
A second management means for identifying the emission right corresponding to the derived increase / decrease value based on the correspondence relationship of the table;
A third management means for allocating the economic value caused by the specified emission right to each vehicle belonging to the group according to the contribution;
Emission control device comprising: The first management means includes an individual evaluation result obtained by comparing fuel consumption, travel distance or fuel consumption in the first period and the second period of each vehicle, and each period of all vehicles belonging to the group. Deriving one result as the relative increase / decrease value among the group evaluation results obtained from the average fuel consumption of the vehicle and the fuel consumption performance of each vehicle,
The emission control device according to claim 1. The first management means calculates the average fuel consumption of the group for each period based on the total value of the fuel consumption of all the vehicles belonging to one group and the total value of the mileage. An assumed fuel consumption amount is calculated for each vehicle when it is assumed that the vehicle has traveled a mileage during the same period, and a difference value between the assumed fuel consumption amount in the first period and the assumed fuel consumption amount in the second period is calculated. By summing up all the vehicles belonging to the group, the overall increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption of the second period of the entire group is derived, and the difference value of each vehicle relative to the difference value of the entire group is calculated as the overall increase / decrease value. The relative evaluation within the group is performed by deriving a relative increase / decrease value by multiplying by the ratio of
The emission control device according to claim 2. The first management means calculates the average fuel consumption of the group for each period based on the total value of the fuel consumption of all the vehicles belonging to one group and the total value of the travel distance, and the average fuel consumption of the group in the first period By calculating the difference value between the fuel consumption amount and the actual fuel consumption amount assuming that the vehicle has traveled the mileage in the second period for each vehicle belonging to the group, and using this as the relative increase / decrease value. Performing a relative evaluation within the group,
The emission control device according to claim 2. When the result of the individual evaluation or the relative evaluation within the group exceeds a predetermined multiple, the first management means outputs an adjustment value for changing the distribution ratio.
The emission credit calculation device according to claim 2. A method that is executed by a computer device having a storage device and a table that records a correspondence relationship between an emission right and a fuel consumption amount or an increase / decrease value thereof quantitatively representing a frame in which discharge of environmentally hazardous substances is permitted,
Classifying a plurality of vehicles to be managed into a group according to a predetermined standard;
Acquiring operation data including fuel consumption and mileage of each vehicle, and accumulating the acquired operation data in the storage device at regular intervals in association with the vehicle and group identification information;
Increase / decrease value of fuel consumption for the entire group based on the difference between the sum of fuel consumption in the first period (last year) and the sum of fuel consumption in the second period thereafter for all vehicles belonging to one group And quantifying the contribution of each vehicle to the increase / decrease value, and storing the quantified contribution in association with the identification information of the vehicle in the storage device;
Identifying the emission right corresponding to the derived increase / decrease value based on the correspondence of the table;
Allocating the economic value (emission fee) resulting from the specified emission credit to each vehicle belonging to the group according to the contribution level,
Emission control method by computer device. Input interface for acquiring data directly or indirectly from multiple vehicles to be managed, and records the correspondence between emission rights that quantitatively represent the frame in which emissions of environmentally hazardous substances are allowed and fuel consumption or its increase / decrease value A computer program for causing a computer device having a table and a storage device to function as an emission control device,
Said computer device,
Group management means for classifying the plurality of vehicles into one group according to a predetermined standard;
Data acquisition means for acquiring operation data including fuel consumption and travel distance of each vehicle through the input interface, and accumulating the acquired operation data in the storage device at regular intervals in association with identification information of the vehicle and group. ,
Deriving an increase / decrease value of the fuel consumption of the entire group based on the difference between the sum of the fuel consumption in the first period and the sum of the fuel consumption in the second period thereafter for all vehicles belonging to one group And a first management means for quantifying the contribution of each vehicle to the increase / decrease value and storing the quantified contribution in association with the identification information of the vehicle in the storage device;
A second management means for identifying the emission right corresponding to the derived increase / decrease value based on the correspondence relationship of the table;
A third management means for allocating the economic value resulting from the specified emission right to each vehicle belonging to the group according to the contribution;
A computer program that functions as a computer program.

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