JP2012041962A - Magnetic force type actuator, and opening/closing assisting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a magnetic force type actuator capable of imparting energization force by magnetic force over a long range in the axial direction of a cylinder, and to provide an opening/closing assisting device for providing opening/closing assisting force by the same.SOLUTION: A cylinder 11 is axially polarized into an N pole and an S pole by a permanent magnet 21 for a cylinder, and the polarization line thereof is assumed to be α. A piston 31 is axially polarized into an N pole and an S pole by a permanent magnet 32 for a piston, and the polarization line thereof is assumed to be β. By the influence of magnetic force between both the permanent magnets 21 and 31, the piston 31 receives axial energization force with respect to the cylinder 11 by the influence of the magnetic force between both the permanent magnets 21 and 31 at any position other than a reference position where α and β coincide with each other. The energization force can be used for opening operation assist or closing operation assist for a door.

Description

  The present invention relates to a magnetic actuator and an opening / closing assist device using the magnetic actuator.

  For example, when an opening / closing member such as a door of an automobile is opened, a gas spring is often used to provide an assisting force in the opening direction. In particular, when the opening operation is an operation for lifting the door upward, such as a trunk lid or a back door, an auxiliary force is desired. The gas spring is a cylinder type, and one of the cylinder and the piston rod extending from the cylinder is connected to the vehicle body, and the other is connected to the door. The piston rod receives the gas pressure sealed in the cylinder and is constantly urged in the extending direction, and when the door is opened, the gas pressure acts as an auxiliary force for the opening operation through the piston rod. It will be. Since such a gas spring encloses gas in the cylinder, there is a problem of gas leakage when it is used for a long period of time, and it is required to be made precisely due to the seal and the like, and becomes expensive.

  On the other hand, there has also been proposed an actuator using a permanent magnet that has a magnetic force, particularly an inexpensive and simple configuration. In Patent Document 1, a pair of permanent magnets are arranged so as to face each other on the cylinder inner surface and the piston outer surface, and the pair of permanent magnets are polarized into the N pole and the S pole in the cylinder radial direction. Some of the opposite sides have different polarities (ie, suction relationship).

JP 2002-54671 A

  The magnetic actuator as described in Patent Document 1 has an attractive action by magnetic force only when the cylinder-side permanent magnet and the piston-side permanent magnet are shifted from each other in the axial direction, and is long. It becomes practically difficult to obtain an attractive action by magnetic force over the stroke.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to use a permanent magnet to obtain a repulsive action or attractive action by a magnetic force over a long stroke range. Is to provide.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an opening / closing assisting device capable of applying an assisting force to the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing member using the magnetic actuator.

In order to achieve the above object, the following solution is adopted in the magnetic actuator according to the present invention. That is, as described in claim 1 in the claims,
A cylinder, a piston slidably fitted in the cylinder, and a piston rod integrated with the piston and extending to the outside of the cylinder,
The cylinder has a permanent magnet for the cylinder, and the cylinder is axially polarized into an N pole and an S pole by the cylinder permanent magnet;
The piston has a permanent magnet for the piston, and is polarized into the north and south poles in the axial direction by the permanent magnet for the piston.
It is like that.

  According to the above-described solution, the piston position in the cylinder is stopped in the cylinder only when the cylinder polarization line (boundary between the N pole and the S pole) is at the reference position where the piston polarization line coincides. . At a position where the piston is displaced in the axial direction from the reference position, the piston receives a magnetic force acting in the axial direction between the cylinder permanent magnet and the piston permanent magnet, and is further away from the reference position or the reference position. It will receive the power (energizing force) to return to. In other words, the piston rod is biased in the extending direction or the contracting direction by the magnetic force except for the reference position (ensuring the function as an actuator). As long as the piston permanent magnet is at a position shifted from the reference position, the urging force can be ensured at any position in the length range of the cylinder permanent magnet. Whether the piston rod is biased in the extension direction or in the contraction direction depends on the change in polarity of the permanent magnet for the cylinder and the permanent magnet for the piston on one end side (that is, the other end side) in the axial direction. Will be decided.

A preferred mode based on the above solution is as described in claim 2 and the following claims. That is,
When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, the piston is moved to the reference position by a magnetic force when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction. To receive the power to be restored,
(Corresponding to claim 2). In this case, a magnetic actuator of a type in which the piston is returned to the reference position by the magnetic force is provided.

When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. Furthermore, it is made to receive the force of the direction of leaving,
(Corresponding to claim 3). In this case, a magnetic actuator of a type in which the piston is urged away from the reference position by the magnetic force is provided.

  The cylinder permanent magnet is formed in a cylindrical shape and extends substantially over the entire length in the axial direction of the cylinder (corresponding to claim 4). In this case, the cylinder can be polarized in the axial direction with a very simple configuration. In addition, it is preferable to ensure a large driving force by magnetic force.

  The cylinder-shaped permanent magnet for cylinder and the cylinder-shaped magnetic member are combined with their end surfaces being brought into contact with each other, and a combined body of the cylinder-shaped permanent magnet and the cylinder-shaped magnetic member is combined with the cylinder. It extends over almost the entire length (corresponding to claim 5). In this case, for example, an inexpensive magnetic member such as an iron member can be used to polarize the cylinder in the axial direction while reducing the cost as much as possible. Also, it is preferable to bring the cylinder polarization line closer to the cylinder permanent magnet side.

And further comprising an auxiliary permanent magnet that is cylindrical and is polarized in the axial direction to N and S poles,
The permanent magnet is provided on one end side of the magnetic member, and the auxiliary permanent magnet is provided on the other end side of the magnetic member,
The auxiliary permanent magnet is disposed in a state of abutting against the end face of the magnetic member,
The auxiliary permanent magnet is set so as to give a magnetic force in a direction assisting the influence of the magnetic force received from the cylinder permanent magnet to the piston permanent magnet at least in a state where the piston permanent magnet is approached. ,
(Corresponding to claim 6). In this case, the function of the cylinder permanent magnet can be substantially enhanced by the auxiliary permanent magnet while the cylinder permanent magnet is partially used in the cylinder axial direction.

The cylinder permanent magnet is composed of a plurality of rod-like permanent magnets that extend in the axial direction of the cylinder,
The plurality of rod-like permanent magnets are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder.
(Corresponding to claim 7). In this case, a rod-shaped magnet is used as the cylinder permanent magnet, which is preferable in terms of simplifying the shape of the cylinder permanent magnet.

  The reference position is set to be a position that is offset toward the one side of the cylinder in the axial direction (corresponding to claim 8). In this case, it is preferable to secure a long stroke range in which the piston can move without crossing the reference position.

One end side of the cylinder is closed by a bottom flange portion through which the piston rod does not penetrate,
The other end side of the cylinder is closed by a head flange portion through which the piston rod slidably passes.
(Corresponding to claim 9). In this case, it is preferable as a very general cylinder type in terms of ensuring versatility.

A pair of the piston rods are provided and extend in directions away from each other with the piston as a boundary,
Of the pair of piston rods, one piston rod extends from one end of the cylinder to the outside, and the other piston rod extends from the other end of the cylinder to the outside.
(Corresponding to claim 10). In this case, a type having a pair of piston rods can be adopted.

In order to achieve the another object, in the opening / closing auxiliary device according to the present invention, the following solution is adopted. That is, as described in claim 11 in the claims,
The opening formed in the main body member is opened and closed by the opening and closing member,
An auxiliary force is given to the opening or closing operation of the opening and closing member by the magnetic actuator,
The magnetic actuator includes a cylinder having a permanent magnet for a cylinder, a piston that is slidably fitted in the cylinder and has a permanent magnet for a piston, and is integrated with the piston and extends to the outside of the cylinder. A piston rod,
The cylinder is polarized in the axial direction into N and S poles by the cylinder permanent magnet,
The piston is polarized in the axial direction into the north and south poles by the permanent magnet for the piston;
One of the cylinder and the piston rod is connected to the main body member, and the other is connected to the opening / closing member.
It is like that. According to the above solution, an opening / closing assisting device using a magnetic actuator for applying an assisting force to the opening operation of the opening / closing member or an assisting force to the closing operation is provided.

A preferred mode based on the above solution is as described in claims 12 and below in the scope of claims. That is,
The opening / closing member is a door (corresponding to claim 12). In this case, it is possible to apply auxiliary force for the opening or closing operation of the door.

  The main body member is a vehicle body (corresponding to claim 13). In this case, since the door of the vehicle is quite large and heavy, providing assistance for the opening or closing operation by the magnetic actuator reduces the operating force when opening or closing the door for passengers, etc. This is preferable.

The opening and closing member is opened when lifted upward;
An auxiliary force is given to the opening operation of the opening and closing member by the magnetic actuator.
(It corresponds to claim 14). In this case, it is extremely preferable to reduce the operating force required to lift and open the opening / closing member. Further, since the opening / closing member can be closed using the weight of the opening / closing member, the resistance due to the magnetic actuator is practically not a problem.

When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. To get further force away,
When the opening and closing member is opened and closed, the piston is set to be operated within a range that does not cross the reference position, and receives only the auxiliary force in the opening direction from the magnetic actuator.
(Corresponding to claim 15). In this case, the magnetic actuator acts solely to apply the driving force in the direction of extension of the piston rod (that is, the direction of assisting the opening operation), and the driving force in the closing direction is inadvertently applied. This is also preferable for prevention.

When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. To get further force away,
In response to opening / closing of the opening / closing member, the piston is set to operate across the reference position,
When the opening and closing member is in the closed position, the closed position is held by magnetic force,
When the open / close member is displaced from the closed position to the open position, the opening operation of the open / close member is assisted by a magnetic force from the time when the piston crosses the reference position.
(Corresponding to claim 16). In this case, each of the magnetic force can be used to obtain both an assisting force application action for the opening operation and a holding action for the closed position. In particular, it is preferable to prevent the door in the closed position from being inadvertently displaced in the opening direction.

  The polarization line on the cylinder side is set so as to be offset from a middle position in the axial direction of the cylinder toward the closing position of the opening / closing member (corresponding to claim 17). . In this case, a stroke range that is as long as possible among piston strokes associated with opening and closing of the door can be used for applying auxiliary force to the opening operation.

When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. To get further force away,
In response to opening and closing of the opening and closing member, the piston is set to cross the reference position,
When the opening and closing member is in the closed position, the closed position is held by a magnetic force;
When the open / close member is displaced from the closed position to the open position, the opening operation of the open / close member is assisted by a magnetic force from the time when the piston crosses the reference position.
(Corresponding to claim 18). In this case, each of the magnetic force can be used to obtain both an assisting force application action for the opening operation and a holding action for the closed position. In particular, it is preferable to prevent the door in the closed position from being inadvertently displaced in the opening direction.

When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. To get further force away,
In response to opening and closing of the opening and closing member, the piston is set to cross the reference position,
When the open / close member is in the open position, the open position is maintained by a magnetic force;
When the opening and closing member is displaced from the open position to the closed position, the closing operation of the opening and closing member is assisted by a magnetic force from the time when the piston crosses the reference position.
(Corresponding to claim 19). In this case, contrary to the case of the eighteenth aspect, it is possible to obtain both the holding action of the open position and the action of applying auxiliary force to the closing operation.

When the opening / closing member is displaced from the closed position to one side and when displaced to the other side, the opening / closing member is set to be the open position,
When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, the piston is moved to the reference position by a magnetic force when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction. To receive the force to return,
When the opening / closing member is in the closed position, the piston is set to be in the reference position,
This is done (corresponding to claim 20). In this case, the opening / closing member can be returned to the closed position when the opening / closing member is opened in any one of the two directions.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the magnetic actuator which ensured the long stroke which can obtain the urging | biasing force by magnetic force can be provided. In addition, it is possible to provide an opening / closing assisting device using this magnetic actuator for assisting the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing member.

Sectional drawing which shows an example in the case of becoming a repulsion field urged | biased in the direction which a piston leaves | separates from a reference position. Sectional drawing which shows an example in the case of becoming a suction field urged | biased in the direction which a piston returns to a reference position. The side view which shows an example at the time of applying the magnetic type actuator by this invention as an object for opening operation assistance of the back door of a motor vehicle. Sectional drawing which shows an example of the magnetic type actuator shown in FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a simplified explanatory diagram showing an example when a magnetic actuator is applied to assist opening / closing of a door moved in a horizontal direction. The simplified top view which shows an example of the door opened in two directions from a closed position. The principal part top view which shows an example of the magnetic actuator connected with the door shown in FIG. The figure which shows the example in the case of assisting opening operation of a pair of double doors by a magnetic actuator. Sectional drawing which shows an example at the time of making the permanent magnet for cylinders into a rod shape. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to line X10-X10 in FIG. 9; Sectional drawing which shows an example which combined the permanent magnet for cylinders and the magnetic member. Sectional drawing which shows an example which combined the permanent magnet for cylinders, the magnetic member, and the auxiliary | assistant permanent magnet. Sectional drawing which shows an example at the time of making the permanent magnet for pistons cylindrical. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an example of coupling between the piston permanent magnet and the piston rod shown in FIG. 13.

  1 and 2 show the basic principle of the present invention. In the figure, A is a first permanent magnet having a cylindrical shape, and B is a second permanent magnet having a cylindrical shape. The second permanent magnet B is slidably fitted in the first permanent magnet A. That is, the first permanent magnet A functions as a cylinder, and the second permanent magnet B functions as a piston.

  In the first permanent magnet A, the N pole and the S pole are polarized in the axial direction, and the upper end side is the S pole and the lower end side is the N pole in both FIGS. The second permanent magnet B is also polarized to the north and south poles in the axial direction. In FIG. 1, the second permanent magnet B has an S pole on the upper end side and an N pole on the lower end side. On the other hand, in FIG. 2, the second permanent magnet B has an N pole on the upper end side and an S pole on the lower end side. In the figure, α indicates the polarization line of the first permanent magnet A (boundary between the N pole and the S pole in the axial direction), and β indicates the polarization line of the second permanent magnet B. FIGS. 1 and 2 show cases where both polarization lines α and β coincide with each other.

  In FIG. 1, an air core portion (a space portion on the axial extension line of the first permanent magnet A) slightly above the upper end surface of the cylindrical first permanent magnet A is an N pole. Further, the air core part slightly below the lower end surface of the first permanent magnet A becomes the S pole. The north pole that is the polarity of the upper air core part acts to attract the south pole that is the polarity of the upper end surface of the second permanent magnet B. Similarly, the S pole, which is the polarity of the lower air core portion, acts to attract the N pole, which is the polarity on the lower end surface side of the second permanent magnet B. Then, at the reference position where the polarization lines α and β coincide with each other, the second permanent magnet B tries to hold the reference position with respect to the first permanent magnet A.

  When the second permanent magnet B deviates from the reference position with respect to the first permanent magnet A, the movement of the second permanent magnet A relative to the first permanent magnet A is opposite in the case of FIGS. It becomes. First, in the case of FIG. 1, when the second permanent magnet B is slightly displaced in the axial direction of the first permanent magnet A from the reference position where the polarization lines α and β coincide with each other, The magnet B is moved (biased by magnetic force) in the direction in which the displacement is further increased with respect to the first permanent magnet A. Specifically, when the second permanent magnet B is displaced upward in FIG. 1 with respect to the first permanent magnet A from the reference position where the polarization lines α and β match, the second permanent magnet B In addition, a force (an urging force due to a magnetic force) to move further upward is received. In addition, when the second permanent magnet B is displaced downward in FIG. 1 with respect to the first permanent magnet A from the reference position, the second permanent magnet B receives a force to move further downward. Become. Thus, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 1, the case where the second permanent magnet B receives a force that moves away from the reference position may be referred to as a repulsion field in the following description.

  In FIG. 2, contrary to the case of FIG. 1, when the second permanent magnet B deviates from the reference position with respect to the first permanent magnet A, it receives a force in a direction to return to the original reference position. That is, the second permanent magnet B returns to the reference position regardless of whether the second permanent magnet B is displaced upward or downward in FIG. Thus, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 2, the case where the second permanent magnet B receives a force that returns to the reference position may be referred to as an attraction field in the following description.

  FIG. 3 shows an example in which a magnetic actuator using a repulsive field as shown in FIG. 1 is applied to assist opening / closing of a car door. That is, in FIG. 3, the vehicle V is opened and closed by a back door 1 whose rear opening formed on the rear end surface of the vehicle body 2 is swung in the vertical direction about an axis extending in the horizontal direction. Yes. FIG. 3 shows the time when the back door 1 is in an open state, and the back door 1 is swung downward from this open state to be in the closed position. In other words, when the back door 1 in the closed state is opened, it must be performed against the weight of the back door 1, and a considerably large operating force is required. In relation to the claims, the back door 1 corresponds to an opening / closing member, and the vehicle body 2 corresponds to a main body member.

  In order to assist the opening operation of the back door 1, a magnetic actuator 10 is provided. The magnetic actuator 10 includes a cylinder 11 and a piston rod 12, the cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 2, and the piston rod 12 is rotatably connected to the back door 1.

  Details of the magnetic actuator 10 are shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, a cylinder 11 is disposed outside a cylindrical cylinder permanent magnet 21, a cylindrical inner cylinder member 22 integrated on the inner surface of the cylinder permanent magnet 21, and the cylinder permanent magnet 21. The bottom-side outer cylinder member 23 and the head-side outer cylinder member 24 positioned outside the cylinder permanent magnet 21 are provided. A piston 31 is slidably fitted in the cylinder 21, more specifically, in the inner cylinder member 22.

  The inner cylinder member 22 is formed of a nonmagnetic member (synthetic resin in the embodiment) as a low friction member so that friction with the piston 31 is reduced. The inner cylinder member 22 and the cylinder permanent magnet 21 are set so as to exist over almost the entire length of the cylinder 11.

  The bottom-side outer cylinder member 23 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, and has a bottom flange portion 23 a that closes the opening on the lower side of the cylinder permanent magnet 21 and the inner cylinder member 22. The bottom-side outer cylinder member 23 has an outer cover portion 23 b that is fitted to the outer periphery of the cylinder permanent magnet 21 and extends to the vicinity of the upper end portion of the cylinder permanent magnet 21. And the external thread part 23c is formed in the upper end outer peripheral surface of the outer side cover part 23b.

  The head-side outer cylinder member 24 has a head-side flange portion 24a that closes the upper opening of the cylinder permanent magnet 21 and the inner cylinder member 22, and the piston rod 12 is slidable on the head-side flange portion 24a. A penetrating guide hole 24b is formed. The head-side outer cylinder member 24 has an outer cover portion 24c that covers the outer periphery of the upper end portion of the cylinder permanent magnet 21, and an inner thread portion of the outer cover portion 24c that is screwed into the male screw portion 23c. 24d is formed. Each of the outer cylinder members 23 and 24 is formed of a nonmagnetic member such as a synthetic resin or an aluminum alloy.

  The cylinder permanent magnet 21 is polarized in the axial direction, its upper end side is an S pole, and its lower end side is an N pole, and its polarization line is indicated by α. The cylinder permanent magnet 21 extends over substantially the entire length of the cylinder 11 and has a function of substantially polarizing the cylinder 11 in the axial direction.

  A disc-shaped mounting flange portion 12 a is formed at the base end portion of the piston rod 12 extending into the cylinder 11. A cylindrical piston permanent magnet 32 is fixed to the mounting flange portion 12a (for example, fixing by a fixture such as adhesion or a screw). Thus, in the embodiment, the piston 31 configured on the base end side of the piston rod 12 is substantially configured by the piston permanent magnet 32. The piston permanent magnet 32 is polarized in the axial direction so that the upper end side is an S pole and the lower end side is an N pole. The piston rod 12 is formed of a nonmagnetic member such as a synthetic resin, an aluminum alloy, or stainless steel.

  As is clear from the above description, the magnetic actuator 10 shown in FIG. 4 is a repulsion field as in the case of FIG. That is, FIG. 4 shows a case where the polarization line α of the cylinder 11 (cylinder permanent magnet 21) and the polarization line β of the piston 31 (piston permanent magnet 32) are at the reference position. When the piston 31 is displaced upward (piston rod extending direction) or downward (piston rod contracting direction) from the reference position, it receives a magnetic force in a direction in which the displacement increases. In FIG. 4, reference numerals 13 and 14 denote attachment rings for connecting to the back door 1 and the vehicle body 2.

  In the magnetic actuator 10 as shown in FIG. 4, when the back door 1 is in the closed state, the lower end surface position of the piston 31 (piston permanent magnet 32) is the position indicated by CL in FIG. When the back door 1 is fully open, the lower end surface position of the piston 31 (piston permanent magnet 32) is the position indicated by OP in FIG. When the piston 31 is displaced in a range between CL and OP, the piston side polarization line β crosses the cylinder side polarization line α. That is, when the piston 31 is displaced in the closing direction of the back door 1 from the reference position, a force that urges the back door 1 in the closing direction acts (receives a force in a direction in which the piston rod 12 contracts), The back door 1 is set so as not to open unintentionally. When the back door 1 is slightly opened from the closed state, and the polarization line β of the piston 31 is displaced upward (in the extending direction of the piston rod 12) beyond the reference position, the piston rod 12 receives a force in the extending direction, The opening operation of the back door 1 is assisted.

  The stroke of the piston 31 (piston rod 12) between the polarization lines α and CL is sufficiently smaller than the stroke of the piston 31 between the polarization lines α and OP. That is, the stroke range for applying the assisting force to the opening operation of the back door 1 is set to be sufficiently large. The magnetic actuator 10 can always be set to assist the opening operation of the back door 1 by setting the stroke between the polarization lines α and CL to be 0 or less.

FIG. 5 shows another application example of the magnetic actuator 10. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 41 denotes a boarding / alighting door in the railway vehicle, which opens and closes a boarding / alighting opening formed on the side surface of the vehicle body 42. The door 41 is automatically closed by an electric, pneumatic or hydraulic actuator (not shown). On the other hand, the opening operation of the door 41 is performed manually by a person who wants to get on and off (customer). That is, in cold districts and the like, a person who wants to get on and off opens the door 41 by manual operation in order to maintain the heating effect. When the vehicle departs, the door 41 is automatically closed based on a switch operation by a conductor or the like.

  A magnetic actuator 10 is interposed between the door 41 and the vehicle body 42. That is, for example, the cylinder 11 is connected to the vehicle body 42, while the piston rod 12 is connected to the door 41 via an interlocking mechanism 43 formed of a link mechanism, a gear mechanism, a wire mechanism, or the like. The extending direction of the piston rod 41 (indicated by the arrow X4 in FIG. 5) is the opening direction of the door 41 (indicated by the arrow Y4 in FIG. 5). The magnetic actuator 10 gives an assisting force to the opening operation of the door 41. In the example of FIG. 5, as in the case of FIG. 4, the stroke between the polarization lines α and CL is secured and the closed state is maintained by the magnetic actuator 10, and the auxiliary force is applied to the opening operation of the door 41. Is supposed to give. The magnetic actuator 10 may have only an action of assisting the opening operation of the door 41 so that the stroke between the polarization lines α and CL is 0 or less.

  FIG. 6 shows another application example of the magnetic actuator 10. In this example, a passage 46 formed in the partition wall 45 of the chamber is opened and closed by a door 47. The door 47 is fixed to a swing shaft 48 extending in the vertical direction, and swings about the swing shaft 48. Both when the door 47 is swung from the closed position shown by the solid line in FIG. 6 to the one side and to the other side, the door 47 is opened.

  The magnetic actuator 10 is connected to the swing shaft 47 of the door 46. For example, the cylinder 11 of the magnetic actuator 10 is connected to the partition wall 45, and the piston rod 12 is connected to the swing shaft 48. As shown in FIG. 7, the rack portion 12 b is formed on the piston rod 12, and a gear 49 that meshes with the rack portion 12 b is fixed to the swing shaft 48. As a result, the swing shaft 48 (that is, the door 47) is swung in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the piston rod 12.

  The magnetic actuator 10 is set such that when the door 47 is in the closed position shown by the solid line in FIG. That is, the door 47 is configured such that an auxiliary force is applied in the opening direction by the magnetic actuator 10 in either the one side or the other side from the closed state.

  As a modification of FIGS. 6 and 7, the magnetic actuator 10 may be changed to the suction field described with reference to FIG. That is, in FIG. 4, the upper end surface side of the piston permanent magnet 32 is the N pole and the lower end surface side is the S pole, so that the piston 31 is a magnetic field type actuator that attempts to return to the reference position. . When the door 47 is in the closed position, the piston 31 is set to be in the reference position. In this case, contrary to the case of the repulsion field, when the door 47 is opened, an auxiliary force is applied by the magnetic actuator 10 to return the door 47 to the closed position (function of a door closer).

  As another modification of FIGS. 6 and 7, consider a case where the door 47 is swung only in one direction from the closed position (for example, can swing only upward in FIG. 6) and opened. Such a door 47 is a setting often found in doors of ordinary households and hotels. The magnetic actuator 10 has a repulsion field as in the case of FIG. However, the magnetic actuator 10 is set so that the position CL in FIG. 4 is the fully open position of the door 47 and the position OP in FIG. 4 is the fully closed position of the door 47. When the operation force for opening operation is released from the door 47 while the door 47 is being opened, the door 47 is biased toward the closed position by the magnetic actuator 10 (the magnetic actuator 10 is The so-called door closer prevents the forgetting to close the door 47). However, when the door 47 is in the fully open position, the piston 31 exceeds the reference position, so the magnetic actuator 10 gives an assisting force in the opening direction to the door 47, and the door 47 is in the fully open position. The function to hold will be fulfilled.

  In FIG. 8, the entry / exit door of the railway vehicle is a double door type formed by a pair of left and right doors 51, 52. Each of the doors 51 and 52 is automatically closed, and the opening operation is performed by a manual operation by a person who wants to get on and off. Further, the magnetic actuator 10B (corresponding to 10 and is a repulsion field) has a pair of piston rods 12A and 12B. That is, the piston rods 12A and 12B extend integrally from the end surfaces of the piston 31, respectively. Each piston rod 12A, 12B is formed with a rack 12c or 12d. A gear 53 that meshes with the rack 12c is connected to one door 51 via an interlocking mechanism 43B. A gear 54 that is screwed into the rack 12d is connected to the other door 52 via an interlocking mechanism 43C. When the piston rod 12A is displaced in the extending direction, one door 51 is opened. Similarly, when the other piston rod 12B is displaced in the extending direction, the other door 52 is opened. When the piston 31 is in the reference position, both the doors 51 and 52 are set to be closed.

  The opening operation (movement in the X2 direction) of one door 51 is a displacement of the piston 31 to the right (X1 direction) in the figure, and an auxiliary force is applied from the magnetic actuator B to the opening operation of the door 51. . When the piston 31 is displaced to the right, the rack 12d and the gear 54 are disengaged, and the other door 52 is kept closed.

  Similarly, the opening operation (movement in the Y2 direction) of the other door 52 is the displacement of the piston 31 to the left (Y1 direction) in the figure, and the auxiliary force is applied from the magnetic actuator B to the opening operation of the door 52. Is given. When the piston 31 is displaced to the left, the rack 12c and the gear 53 are disengaged, and the one door 51 is kept closed.

  9 and 10 show another example in which the cylinder 11 is polarized in the axial direction by a cylinder permanent magnet. That is, a plurality (four in the embodiment) of rod-shaped permanent magnets 21A to 21D are used as the cylinder permanent magnet. Each of the rod-shaped permanent magnets 21 </ b> A to 21 </ b> D extends so as to cover almost the entire length of the cylinder 11. The rod-shaped permanent magnets 12 </ b> A to 12 </ b> D are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder 11. In order to hold such a plurality of rod-shaped permanent magnets 21A to 21d, a holder member 60 made of, for example, a synthetic resin is provided as a nonmagnetic member. The holder member 60 also has the function of the inner cylinder member 22 in FIG.

  FIG. 11 shows that the cylinder axial length of the cylinder permanent magnet 21 can be shortened while using the cylindrical cylinder permanent magnet 21 when the cylinder 11 is polarized in the axial direction. That is, one end surface 70a of a cylindrical magnetic member (for example, an iron-based member) is abutted against the one end surface 21a of the cylindrical cylinder permanent magnet 21. Thereby, the same kind of polarity as the polarity (S pole in the embodiment) of the one end surface 21a of the cylinder permanent magnet 21 appears on the other end surface 70b of the magnetic member 70. In the case of FIG. 11, the cylinder permanent magnet 21 is shortened (cost reduction), and the polarization line α of the cylinder 11 is shifted as much as possible to one end side in the axial direction of the cylinder 11 (the side where the cylinder permanent magnet 21 exists). Offset).

  FIG. 12 is a modified example of FIG. 11, in which one end surface 75 a of the cylindrical auxiliary permanent magnet 75 is abutted against the other end surface 70 b of the cylindrical magnetic member 70. The auxiliary permanent magnet 75 is polarized in the axial direction, and its polarity is set to be the same as that of the cylinder permanent magnet 21. That is, the polarity on the one end surface side in the axial direction is the same between the cylinder permanent magnet 21 and the auxiliary permanent magnet 75. More specifically, both the cylinder permanent magnet 21 and the auxiliary permanent magnet 75 are set so that the right side in FIG. Thereby, in the cylinder 11, the magnetic force in the edge part vicinity on the opposite side to the cylinder permanent magnet 21 is securable.

  As a modification of FIG. 12, the polarity of the auxiliary permanent magnet 70 in the axial direction can be set opposite to the case of FIG. Specifically, the polarity of the auxiliary permanent magnet 75 on the right end surface side in the drawing can be set to the N pole. In this case, when the repulsion field is set, when the piston (not shown in FIG. 12) receives a force in the right direction in the drawing by the cylinder permanent magnet 21, the piston 31 approaches the auxiliary permanent magnet 75. The rightward force in the figure is reduced (applying a braking force to the piston 31).

  13 and 14 show an example in which the piston 31 is configured using a cylindrical piston permanent magnet 32B (corresponding to 32). In this example, a flange portion 12e and a shaft portion 12f extending from the flange portion 12e are formed on the proximal end side of the piston rod 12. Then, the cylindrical piston permanent magnet 32B is fitted to the shaft portion 12f without rattling, and in this fitted state, it is seated on the piston 32B and the flange portion 12e. Then, a plate-like pressing member 80 is fixed to the front end surface of the shaft portion 12f with a screw 81, and the piston permanent magnet 32B is held between the pressing member 80 and the flange portion 12e without rattling in the axial direction. It ’s fixed. The pressing member 80 is formed of a nonmagnetic member. The screw 81 is preferably formed of a nonmagnetic member.

  The cylindrical permanent magnet 32B for the piston is different from the case of the second permanent magnet B shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in which the polarity of the air core near the end in the axial direction is columnar (solid). Vice versa. Therefore, in the case of FIG. 4, when the cylindrical piston permanent magnet 32B is used in place of the columnar piston permanent magnet 32, the cylindrical piston permanent magnet 32B on the upper end surface side in FIG. By setting the polarity to the N pole, a repulsion field can be obtained. Of course, when the polarity of the cylindrical piston permanent magnet 32B on the upper end surface side in FIG. 4 is the S pole, an attraction field is obtained.

  Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and can be appropriately changed within the scope described in the scope of claims. For example, the invention includes the following cases. . For example, a cylindrical low friction member is fitted and integrated on the outer surface (sliding surface with the cylinder 11) of the piston permanent magnet 32 (32B), or a film of the low friction member is formed. The sliding resistance with respect to 11 may be reduced. As for the non-magnetic member, it is preferable to use a metal member such as an aluminum alloy or stainless steel for a portion where strength or rigidity is required.

  As doors that are opened and closed by magnetic actuators, for example, all doors such as doors between vehicles in a rail vehicle, slide doors that are slid in the front-rear direction in the automobile V, and various doors of general households and hotels are applicable. It can be. In addition, the object that receives the assisting force by the magnetic actuator is for assisting the opening operation of the lid member as the opening / closing member or assisting the closing operation in a container with a lid (for example, an ashtray with a lid). Can be used. Further, the magnetic actuator can be used for applying auxiliary force in various fields, for example, in a press device, during the pressing stroke, the auxiliary force can be applied by the magnetic actuator. . Since the magnetic actuator also functions as a spring, it can be used as a substitute for a spring. Of course, the object of the present invention is not limited to what is explicitly stated, but also implicitly includes providing what is substantially preferred or expressed as an advantage.

  The magnetic actuator according to the present invention can be used in various fields for providing auxiliary force.

A: First permanent magnet (equivalent to a permanent magnet for a cylinder, FIGS. 1 and 2)
B: Second permanent magnet (equivalent to a permanent magnet for a piston, FIGS. 1 and 2)
α: Polarization line (cylinder)
β: Polarization line (piston)
1: Back door (opening / closing member, Fig. 1)
2: Vehicle body (main body member, Fig. 1)
10: Magnetic actuator 10B: Magnetic actuator (FIG. 8)
11: Cylinder 12: Piston rod 12A, 12B: Piston rod (FIG. 8)
21: Permanent magnets for cylinders 21A to 21D: Rod-shaped permanent magnets (FIGS. 9 and 10)
31: Piston 32: Permanent magnet for piston 32B: Permanent magnet for piston (FIGS. 13 and 14)
41: Door (opening / closing member, FIG. 5)
42: Body (main body member, FIG. 5)
45: Partition wall (main body member, FIG. 6)
47: Door (opening / closing member, FIG. 6)
51, 52: Door (opening / closing member, FIG. 8)
75: Auxiliary permanent magnet (Fig. 12)

Claims (20)

A cylinder, a piston slidably fitted in the cylinder, and a piston rod integrated with the piston and extending to the outside of the cylinder,
The cylinder has a permanent magnet for the cylinder, and the cylinder is axially polarized into an N pole and an S pole by the cylinder permanent magnet;
The piston has a permanent magnet for the piston, and is polarized into the north and south poles in the axial direction by the permanent magnet for the piston.
A magnetic actuator characterized by that. In claim 1,
When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, the piston is moved to the reference position by a magnetic force when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction. To receive the power to be restored,
A magnetic actuator characterized by that. In claim 1,
When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. Furthermore, it is made to receive the force of the direction of leaving,
A magnetic actuator characterized by that. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The magnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder permanent magnet has a cylindrical shape and extends substantially over the entire length in the axial direction of the cylinder. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The cylinder-shaped permanent magnet for cylinder and the cylinder-shaped magnetic member are combined with their end surfaces being brought into contact with each other, and a combined body of the cylinder-shaped permanent magnet and the cylinder-shaped magnetic member is combined with the cylinder. A magnetic actuator characterized by extending over almost the entire length. In claim 5,
And further comprising an auxiliary permanent magnet that is cylindrical and is polarized in the axial direction to N and S poles,
The permanent magnet is provided on one end side of the magnetic member, and the auxiliary permanent magnet is provided on the other end side of the magnetic member,
The auxiliary permanent magnet is disposed in a state of abutting against the end face of the magnetic member,
The auxiliary permanent magnet is set so as to give a magnetic force in a direction assisting the influence of the magnetic force received from the cylinder permanent magnet to the piston permanent magnet at least in a state where the piston permanent magnet is approached. ,
A magnetic actuator characterized by that. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
The cylinder permanent magnet is composed of a plurality of rod-like permanent magnets that extend in the axial direction of the cylinder,
The plurality of rod-like permanent magnets are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylinder.
A magnetic actuator characterized by that. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 3,
2. The magnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the reference position is a position that is offset toward one side of the intermediate position in the axial direction of the cylinder. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8,
One end side of the cylinder is closed by a bottom flange portion through which the piston rod does not penetrate,
The other end side of the cylinder is closed by a head flange portion through which the piston rod slidably passes.
A magnetic actuator characterized by that. In any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8,
A pair of the piston rods are provided and extend in directions away from each other with the piston as a boundary,
Of the pair of piston rods, one piston rod extends from one end of the cylinder to the outside, and the other piston rod extends from the other end of the cylinder to the outside.
A magnetic actuator characterized by that. The opening formed in the main body member is opened and closed by the opening and closing member,
An auxiliary force is given to the opening or closing operation of the opening and closing member by the magnetic actuator,
The magnetic actuator includes a cylinder having a permanent magnet for a cylinder, a piston that is slidably fitted in the cylinder and has a permanent magnet for a piston, and is integrated with the piston and extends to the outside of the cylinder. A piston rod,
The cylinder is polarized in the axial direction into N and S poles by the cylinder permanent magnet,
The piston is polarized in the axial direction into the north and south poles by the permanent magnet for the piston;
One of the cylinder and the piston rod is connected to the main body member, and the other is connected to the opening / closing member.
An opening / closing auxiliary device characterized by that. In claim 11,
The opening and closing member is a door;
An opening / closing auxiliary device characterized by that. In claim 12,
An opening / closing assist device, wherein the main body member is a vehicle body. In any one of Claims 11 thru | or 13,
The opening and closing member is opened when lifted upward;
An auxiliary force is given to the opening operation of the opening and closing member by the magnetic actuator.
An opening / closing auxiliary device characterized by that. In claim 14,
When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. To get further force away,
When the opening and closing member is opened and closed, the piston is set to be operated within a range that does not cross the reference position, and receives only the auxiliary force in the opening direction from the magnetic actuator.
An opening / closing auxiliary device characterized by that. In claim 14,
When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. To get further force away,
In response to opening / closing of the opening / closing member, the piston is set to operate across the reference position,
When the opening and closing member is in the closed position, the closed position is held by magnetic force,
When the open / close member is displaced from the closed position to the open position, the opening operation of the open / close member is assisted by a magnetic force from the time when the piston crosses the reference position.
An opening / closing auxiliary device characterized by that. In claim 15 or claim 16,
The opening / closing assisting device, wherein the polarization line on the cylinder side is set so as to be offset from a middle position in the axial direction of the cylinder toward a closing position of the opening / closing member. In any one of Claims 11 thru | or 13,
When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. To get further force away,
In response to opening and closing of the opening and closing member, the piston is set to cross the reference position,
When the opening and closing member is in the closed position, the closed position is held by a magnetic force;
When the open / close member is displaced from the closed position to the open position, the opening operation of the open / close member is assisted by a magnetic force from the time when the piston crosses the reference position.
An opening / closing auxiliary device characterized by that. In any one of Claims 11 thru | or 13,
When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction, the piston is moved from the reference position by a magnetic force. To get further force away,
In response to opening and closing of the opening and closing member, the piston is set to cross the reference position,
When the open / close member is in the open position, the open position is maintained by a magnetic force;
When the opening and closing member is displaced from the open position to the closed position, the closing operation of the opening and closing member is assisted by a magnetic force from the time when the piston crosses the reference position.
An opening / closing auxiliary device characterized by that. In claim 11 or claim 12,
When the opening / closing member is displaced from the closed position to one side and when displaced to the other side, the opening / closing member is set to be the open position,
When the reference position is a position where the piston polarization line coincides with the cylinder polarization line, the piston is moved to the reference position by a magnetic force when the piston is displaced from the reference position in the cylinder axial direction. To receive the force to return,
When the opening / closing member is in the closed position, the piston is set to be in the reference position,
An opening / closing auxiliary device characterized by that.