JP2012029521A - Ac generator for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an AC generator for vehicles capable of enhancing also electric generator reliability.SOLUTION: An AC generator for vehicles comprises: a rotor rotatably supported; a stator which is located in an outer circumference of the rotor and is provided with a stator coil; and a rectifier. A supporting plate of the rectifier has a supporting surface which supports a rectifying element, and the supporting surface is a flat surface which is orthogonal perpendicularly to an axis of the rotor, and a fin is provided on the supporting plate. While the supporting plate is comprised of a large-diameter side supporting plate and a small-diameter side supporting plate, the number of component supporting plates which constitute the large-diameter side supporting plate is more than the number of component supporting plates which constitute a small-diameter side supporting plate, and fixing of the component supporting plate of the large-diameter side supporting plate to a casing is configured such that at least one of annular fixing sections of both ends of the component supporting plate of the large-diameter side supporting plate arranged adjacently at the circumferential ends against the axis of the rotor is superimposed, in an axial direction, on the annular fixing section of the other component supporting plates of the large-diameter side supporting plate.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vehicle alternator attached to an engine of a vehicle such as an automobile or a truck.

  About the diode cooling fin of the conventional vehicle generator, the semicircular arc-shaped first fin base (small diameter) and the second fin base (large diameter), which are arranged concentrically with the rotation shaft, The former has a plurality of fins protruding toward the inner diameter side of the shaft, the latter has a plurality of fins protruding toward the outer diameter side of the shaft, and a diode is attached to the back surface of each base fin. The fin area of the rectifier can be increased without increasing the outer shape of the vehicular generator having a circular cross section. In particular, the diode base orthogonal to the fin base is planar, and the diode mounting work can be done from only one direction. Further, for the convenience of manufacturing, the diode base is separated from the other parts and then tightened with screws etc. And a plan for integration (for example, Patent Document 1).

  As another example, a separation groove is formed at a substantially intermediate position of the arc-shaped negative electrode side radiation fin having an arc angle of 180 degrees or more, which is not only used for discharging intruded water but also caused by a frame step when fixed to the frame. (For example, Patent Document 2).

  As a similar example, there is one in which two molded plus-side radiators having the same structure overlap a cylindrical lug for fixing to save space (for example, Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent No. 2669534 (Page 2, FIGS. 8 to 10) Japanese Patent No. 3775235 (5th page, FIG. 3) Japanese Patent No. 4187647 (pages 5-6, FIGS. 3 and 4)

  In the above-described conventional apparatus, the diode base having a configuration that improves the mounting operation is cut off. However, in the manufacture of the fin base side in which a plurality of fins protrude radially in a semicircular arc shape, it is difficult to make and castability. Problems such as badness remained unsolved.

In the example of FIG. 4 or FIG. 6 in Patent Document 1, the castability may be slightly improved, but the arc shape extending almost 180 degrees and the plurality of fins extending to one side are originally affected by distortion due to shrinkage after casting. Inevitably, the accuracy of the fastening screw position with the diode base becomes a problem.

  Also, in the example composed of a plurality of partial radiating fins, a diode that is press-fitted and fixed is arranged between the separation end and the fin fixing part to the frame, depending on the magnitude of vibration applied when mounted on the vehicle It is thought that there is a problem in reliability because the diode weight is applied to the end and free end vibration is likely to occur.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and improves the castability of the support plate without reducing the space efficiency of the rectifying device housed in the cylindrical generator, thereby improving generator reliability. It is an object of the present invention to provide an automotive alternator that can be improved.

  An AC generator for a vehicle according to the present invention is disposed in a casing composed of a rear bracket and a front bracket, is rotatably supported and includes an axial flow cooling device, and is positioned on the outer periphery of the rotor. A stator sandwiched between the casing, a stator winding provided in the stator, and a rectifier that rectifies an alternating electromotive force generated in the stator winding into a direct current, and supports the rectifier The plate has a support surface that supports the rectifying element so as to be thermally conductive, the support surface is a plane orthogonal to the axis of the rotor, and the support plate is provided with fins extending along the axial flow cooling The support plate is composed of a large-diameter side support plate and a small-diameter side support plate arranged in a horseshoe shape, and the number of configuration support plates constituting the large-diameter side support plate is Configures the small diameter side support plate The structural support plate is configured to be larger than the number of structural support plates, and the structural support plate constituting the large-diameter side support plate is fixed to the casing with respect to the rotor shaft. At least one of the annular fixing portions at both ends of the constituent support plate of the diameter side support plate is configured to overlap with the annular fixing portion of the other constituent support plate of the large diameter side support plate in the axial direction.

  An automotive alternator according to the present invention is disposed in a casing composed of a rear bracket and a front bracket, and is rotatably supported by a rotor having an axial flow cooling device, and an outer periphery of the rotor. A stator that is positioned and sandwiched between the casing, a stator winding provided in the stator, and an axial electromotive force generated in the stator winding that is disposed at a shaft end portion of the casing, is rectified to a direct current. And a protective cover that protects the rectifier disposed at the shaft end of the casing, and the support plate of the rectifier has a support surface that supports the rectifier element so as to be thermally conductive, and the support The surface is a plane orthogonal to the axis of the rotor, and is an AC generator for a vehicle in which fins extending along axial flow cooling are provided on the support plate, and the support plate is arranged in a horseshoe shape. Radial side support The large-diameter side support plate is composed of a plate and a small-diameter side support plate, and the large-diameter-side support plate is composed of a larger number of structural support plates than the small-diameter-side support plate. The component support plate constituting the plate is fixed to the casing by the annular fixing portions at both ends of the component support plate of the large-diameter side support plate arranged adjacent to the circumferential end with respect to the axis of the rotor. At least one of the large-diameter side support plates is configured to overlap with the annular fixed portion of the other configuration support plate in the axial direction.

  The vehicle alternator according to the present invention can improve the castability of the support plate and improve the generator reliability without lowering the space efficiency of the rectifier accommodated in the cylindrical generator. A generator can be obtained.

It is sectional drawing which shows the vehicle alternator concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the structure support plate of the rectifier in the alternating current generator for vehicles concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the large diameter side support plate of the rectifier in the alternating current generator for vehicles concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the small diameter side support plate corresponding to the large diameter side support plate of the rectifier in the alternating current generator for vehicles concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view which shows the small diameter side support plate corresponding to the large diameter side support plate of the rectifier in the alternating current generator for vehicles concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a simplified diagram explaining the superposition state of the structure side support plate of the rectifier in the automotive alternator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a top view which shows the structure support plate and large diameter side support plate of a rectifier in the alternating current generator for vehicles concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the alternating current generator for vehicles concerning Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. In each figure, the same or equivalent members and parts will be described with the same reference numerals. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an automotive alternator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a structural support plate of the rectifier in the automotive alternator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a large-diameter side support plate of the rectifier in the automotive alternator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a small-diameter side support plate corresponding to the large-diameter side support plate of the rectifier in the automotive alternator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a small-diameter side support plate corresponding to the large-diameter side support plate of the rectifier in the automotive alternator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a simplified diagram for explaining the superimposed state of the component side support plate of the rectifier in the automotive alternator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  The vehicle alternator according to Embodiment 1 includes a shaft 3, a rotating magnetic pole 4, and a rotating winding (not shown) included in the rotating magnetic pole 4 in a casing formed by a rear bracket 1 and a front bracket 2. And a stator 8 constituted by a stator core 6 and a stator winding 7 are arranged.

  Further, a slip ring 9 is provided at one end of the shaft 3 and is electrically connected to the rotating winding so that current is supplied to the rotating winding from the outside via the slip ring 9 and the brush 10. It has become.

  As a component supported by the left rear bracket 1 in FIG. 1 which is a casing, an alternating current generated in the stator winding 7 of the stator 8 by a rotating magnetic field generated by supplying current to the rotating winding and being driven to rotate. A rectifier 11 that rectifies the generated electromotive force into direct current and a voltage regulator 12 that limits the generated power to a specified value are arranged.

  A fan 5a, which is an axial flow cooling device, is mounted between the rotor 5 and the shaft end surface of the front bracket 2, and a pulley 21 is provided at the end of the shaft 3 of the rotor 5. This causes an axial flow in the generator as it is rotated.

  The rectifier 11 includes a support plate shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the configuration support plates 13a and 13b constituting the large-diameter support plate 13 support a pair of rectifier elements 14a and 14b, respectively, and a ring is provided at an adjacent end thereof. An annular fixing portion 13c having an annular shape is provided.

  The rectifying element 14a is a chip in which a chip is arranged on a substantially rectangular metal base, and the upper part is covered with an insulating material. The rectifying element 14b is configured such that a chip and an insulating material are sealed in a substantially bowl-shaped metal base, and the connection lead 23 extends upward. The rectifying elements 14a and 14b are fixedly attached to the component support plates 13a and 13b by soldering or press fitting. Since the configuration support plate 13a and the configuration support plate 13b are different only in the shapes of the rectifying elements 14a and 14b to be supported, respectively, the configuration support plate 13a and the rectification element 14a will be described below.

  The configuration support plate 13a supports two rectifying elements 14a that are arranged adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction on the support surface that extends in the axis-orthogonal plane of the rotor 5 in close proximity. A plurality of radially arranged fins 13 d are provided adjacent to the rectifying element 14 a on the outer diameter side with respect to the axis of the rotor 5. The support surface orthogonal to the axis of the rotor 5 is substantially flat, and only the plurality of fins 13 d are configured to protrude long in the axial direction of the rotor 5.

  The ring-shaped fixed portion 13c is formed in a cylindrical ring shape, and the circumferential direction of the outer periphery is almost half or more exposed, that is, the connecting portion that is continuous with the axis orthogonal to the rotor 5 on the outer periphery of the half or more. And no extended fins. The axial thickness is smaller than the thickness of the rectifying element support portion so as to form the required fixed portion thickness by overlapping with the fixed portions of the other component support plates 13a1 and 13a2.

  The rectifying element adjacent to the annular fixing portion 13c is securely fixed in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 5, and is configured to withstand vibrations applied when the vehicle is mounted. In the example of the similar overlapping lug shown in Patent Document 3 as the prior art document described above, there is a diode that is not adjacent to the lug, and the diode is supported in a different direction from the lug in the plane orthogonal to the rotor 5. It can be said that this configuration improves the weakness against vibration.

  Further, since the plurality of fins 13d are provided only in the rectifying element adjoining portion on the outer diameter side, a conventionally well-known cooling plate configuration extending only in the axial orthogonal plane of the rotor 5 can be obtained without deteriorating the cooling portion material efficiency. Unusable cooling performance can be obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 5, the fixing portion 15c of the small-diameter support plate 15 is overlapped with the annular fixing portion 13c of the support plate 13a. Through the insulating member 24 shown in the cross section of FIG. 1, each fixing portion is superimposed at one place and attached with a common screw 25, and the degree of integration is high.

  Here, the small-diameter support plate 15 has an arcuate shape and an integrated configuration support plate 15b extends in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the rotor 5 similarly to the large-diameter support plate 13, and similarly supports the rectifying element 15a to which the connection lead 26 is connected. To do. Contrary to the large-diameter support plate 13, a plurality of radial fins 15 d are provided on the inner diameter side with respect to the axis of the rotor 5. The small-diameter support plate 15 has a connection portion 27 connected to a connection portion (not shown) of the voltage regulator 12.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 6 (for the sake of explanation, a simplified diagram in which the fins in the side view of the outer diameter in FIG. 3 are omitted), the overlapping state of the annular fixing portion 13c of the configuration support plate 13a will be described. First, a case where the large-diameter side support plate 13 which is a horseshoe-shaped ASSY is configured by three configuration support plates 13a, 13a1 and 13a2, and the annular fixing portions 13c at both ends of the configuration support plate 13a disposed in the center is shown. FIG. 5 (a) shows a configuration in which the axial position is above the respective axial positions of the annular fixing portions 13c of the configuration support plate 13a1 on the left and the configuration support plate 13a2 on the right. Here, the upper and lower sides are viewed from the side where the fixing screw 25 is inserted, that is, the lower side is a state where the casing is located, and the structural support plate 13a and the structural support plate 13a2 are composed of the structural support plate 13a and the casing. Is in a state of being sandwiched. Thereby, it is not necessary to twist the configuration support plate 13a, and it is possible to suppress the influence of twist and the like to the rectifying element that is press-fitted and supported to the minimum, and the reliability of the generator is not lowered. A vehicle alternator can be obtained.

  On the other hand, unlike the above, when the axial position of the fixing portion 13c of the configuration support plate 13a is below the respective axial positions of the annular fixing portions 13c of the left and right configuration support plates 13a1 and 13a2, that is, FIG. The same applies to the configuration of b), in which the configuration support plate 13a is sandwiched between the configuration support plate 13a1 and the configuration support plate 13a2 and the casing. Thereby, the structure support plate 13a can protect the rectifying element without receiving the twist from the annular ring-shaped fixing portion 13c.

  Regarding reliability, since the fins 13d provided on the support plate are radial, when muddy water or the like enters the generator when mounted on the vehicle, problems such as clogging between the fins 13d are difficult to occur, Along with the cooling performance, the performance is not deteriorated.

  Further, the stator winding 7 of the stator 8 is constituted by combining two sets of three-phase windings, and the two sets are well known in the prior art and are accommodated in slots adjacent in the circumferential direction so as to have an electrical phase difference. It is the structure which was made. Here, although not described in detail, six pairs of rectifying elements are provided in accordance with the generator circuit configuration, two of them are arranged on each of the three configuration support plates, and a good cooling balance is obtained in the generator. Moreover, since both sides of the rectifying element are not sandwiched between the other rectifying elements, it is possible to suppress excessive heat generation and to prevent the performance from deteriorating.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the large-diameter support plate 16 and the constituent support plates 16a, 16a1, and 16a2 in the automotive alternator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The fin configuration of the large-diameter support plate 13 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 of the first embodiment described above is different from the fins 13d of the support plates 13a, 13a1 and 13a2, and all the fins 16b They are arranged parallel to each other and protruding in the same direction. Reference numeral 16c denotes an annular fixing portion.

That is, the configuration support plates 16a, 16a1, and 16a2 in the second embodiment are configured to extend only in one direction of mold movement during the configuration support plate casting, so that the mold configuration is inexpensive, and castability and dimensional accuracy are good. You can get a product. In particular, since the fin 16b is thinly formed with a thickness of 1 mm or less (for example, 0.6 mm), the manufacturing cost tends to increase. Therefore, the simpler mold can reduce the cost and the product. Value can be increased.

  In the above-described first and second embodiments having different fin configurations, “all fins are arranged in a radially extending direction” and “all fins are parallel and extend in the same direction”, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and “the fins of the small-diameter support plate are arranged in the radial direction and the fins of the large-diameter support plate are parallel and extend in the same direction” or “the large-diameter support”. Needless to say, it is possible to adopt a configuration suitable for each use application, such as “a configuration in which only the configuration support plate fins at both ends of the plate are parallel and extend in the same direction”.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of an automotive alternator according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The vehicle alternator shown in FIG. 8 has a slip ring 9, a brush 10, a rectifier 11, and an outer shaft end of the rear bracket 1 that is a casing, compared to the structure shown in FIG. The case where electrical components, such as the voltage regulator 12, are attached is shown. And it is the structure which attaches the protective cover 28 which protects the electrical component attached to the shaft end outer side of the rear bracket 1 from the shaft back. Each configuration support plate has the same configuration as in the first and second embodiments described above.

By the way, in each of the above-described embodiments, the configuration in which all the electrical components are arranged on the rear bracket 1 side that is the casing is shown. However, any electrical components are not limited to this arrangement. Even if it is disposed on the bracket 2 side, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiments can be obtained without any problem.

  Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the large-diameter support plate is configured by three configuration support plates and the small-diameter support plate is configured by one configuration support plate is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Instead, the large-diameter support plate is composed of three constituent support plates and the small-diameter support plate is composed of two constituent support plates, or the large-diameter support plate is composed of four constituent support plates. It can also be set as embodiment, such as a case where is comprised with two structure support plates, and there exists an effect similar to each embodiment mentioned above.

  The present invention is suitable for realizing an AC generator for a vehicle that can improve the castability of the support plate and improve the generator reliability without lowering the space efficiency of the rectifier housed in the cylindrical generator. is there.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rear bracket 2 Front bracket 5 Rotor 5a Fan 7 Stator winding 8 Stator 11 Rectifier 13 Large diameter support plate 13a Configuration support plate 13a1 Configuration support plate 13a2 Configuration support plate 13c Ring annular fixed part 13d Fin 14a Rectification element 14b Rectification element 15 Small-diameter support plate 15a Rectification element 15b Configuration support plate 15c Ring annular fixing portion 15d Fin 16 Large-diameter support plate 16a Configuration support plate 16a1 Configuration support plate 16a2 Configuration support plate 16b Fin 16c Ring annular fixing portion 28 Protective cover

Claims (8)

  A rotor disposed in a casing composed of a rear bracket and a front bracket, rotatably supported and provided with an axial flow cooling device; a stator positioned on an outer periphery of the rotor and sandwiched between the casings; A stator winding provided in the stator, and a rectifier that rectifies an alternating electromotive force generated in the stator winding into a direct current, and a support plate of the rectifier supports the rectifying element so as to be thermally conductive An AC generator for a vehicle having a support surface, wherein the support surface is a plane orthogonal to the axis of the rotor, and the support plate is provided with fins extending along axial flow cooling, wherein the support plate Is composed of a large-diameter side support plate and a small-diameter side support plate arranged in a horseshoe shape, and the number of constituent support plates constituting the large-diameter side support plate is the number of constituent support plates constituting the small-diameter side support plate More than a number, The fixing of the component support plate constituting the large-diameter side support plate to the casing is performed at both ends of the component support plate of the large-diameter side support plate arranged adjacent to the circumferential end with respect to the axis of the rotor. An AC generator for a vehicle, wherein at least one of the annular fixing portions is configured to overlap with the annular fixing portion of the other constituent support plate of the large-diameter side support plate in the axial direction.   A rotor disposed in a casing composed of a rear bracket and a front bracket, rotatably supported and provided with an axial flow cooling device; a stator positioned on an outer periphery of the rotor and sandwiched between the casings; A stator winding provided in the stator, a rectifier arranged at the shaft end of the casing and rectifying an alternating electromotive force generated in the stator winding into a direct current, and arranged at the shaft end of the casing A protective cover for protecting the rectifying device, and the support plate of the rectifying device has a support surface that supports the rectifying element so that heat conduction is possible, and the support surface is a plane orthogonal to the axis of the rotor. An AC generator for a vehicle in which fins extending along axial flow cooling are provided on the support plate, wherein the support plate includes a large-diameter side support plate and a small-diameter side support plate arranged in a horseshoe shape. And The number of structural support plates constituting the large-diameter side support plate is greater than the number of structural support plates constituting the small-diameter side support plate, and the structural support plates constituting the large-diameter side support plate are attached to the casing. For fixing, at least one of the annular fixing portions at both ends of the support plate constituting the large-diameter side support plate arranged adjacent to the circumferential end with respect to the axis of the rotor is fixed to the other side of the large-diameter side support plate. An AC generator for a vehicle, wherein the vehicular AC generator is configured to overlap with an annular fixing portion of the support plate in the axial direction.   The fixed portion of the component support plate constituting the small diameter side support plate is superposed on the fixed portion of the component support plate constituting the large diameter side support plate to constitute the fixed portion to the casing. The alternating current generator for vehicles of Claim 1 or Claim 2.   The vehicular AC generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fins are arranged radially with respect to the axis of the rotor.   The vehicular AC generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fins are arranged in parallel. The configuration support plate in which both end-ring annular fixing portions of the configuration support plate constituting the large-diameter side support plate are overlapped with other configuration support plates, the annular support portion of the other configuration support plate is used as the casing. The vehicular AC generator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the vehicular AC generator is overlapped with each other. The configuration support plate in which both end-ring annular fixing portions of the configuration support plate constituting the large-diameter side support plate are overlapped with other configuration support plates includes the ring-shaped fixed portion of the other configuration support plate and the casing. 6. The vehicular AC generator according to claim 1, wherein the vehicular AC generator is overlapped with each other. 8. The stator according to claim 1, wherein the stator includes two sets of three-phase windings, and the rectifier includes six pairs of rectifier elements, each of which is arranged in an equal number on the component support plate.
The vehicle alternator according to any one of the above.

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