JP2012017842A - Air spring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air spring device with a simple structure in which there is no risk of generating breakage in a sliding plate and there is no risk of the sliding plate falling down from an upper face plate with the air spring device not filled with air while adopting a system for bonding the sliding plate to the upper face plate.SOLUTION: In the air spring device having the upper face plate 1, the lower face plate 2, a tubular flexible member 3 interposed between the upper face plate and the lower face plate 2, and the sliding plate 5 attached to the surface of the upper face rubber part 6 contacting the flexible plate 3 in the upper face plate 1, the sliding plate 5 is bonded to the upper face rubber part 6 in part of an always pushing area where the flexible member 3 is always pushing the upper face rubber part 6 via the sliding plate 5 in a using condition in which the inside of the flexible member 3 is filled with air.

Description

  The present invention relates to an air spring in which a cylindrical flexible member is interposed between an upper surface plate and a lower surface plate.

  Conventionally, as an air spring used in a railway vehicle or the like, an upper plate attached to a vehicle body of a vehicle, a lower plate disposed on a wheel side below the upper plate, and a cylindrical movable member interposed between the upper plate and the lower plate are provided. A member provided with a flexible member and an elastic mechanism (stopper) interposed between a bottom plate and a wheel-side support frame is known. A rubber bellows or the like is used as the cylindrical flexible member. The upper surface plate is formed of a metal material, but an upper surface rubber portion in which a metal is covered with rubber so as not to damage the flexible member is formed in a portion that contacts the flexible member.

  In the air spring, horizontal displacement in the left-right and front-rear directions acts on the flexible member, which is the main part of the air spring, as the vehicle is meandering and turning. If the flexible member and the upper rubber part are kept in contact with each other during such horizontal displacement, the sliding friction resistance between them is very large, the wear of the flexible member is increased, and the durability as an air spring is affected. Was given.

  In response to such a problem, Patent Document 1 discloses an air spring having a synthetic resin sliding sheet interposed between the upper surface plate and the cylindrical flexible film body so as to be in contact with the upper surface plate over the entire surface. Are listed. In the air spring, the rubber member (upper surface rubber portion) of the upper surface plate is formed with a convex portion that fits into the central through hole of the sliding sheet, and the central through hole of the sliding sheet is fitted into this convex portion. Thus, the sliding sheet is fixed to the upper surface plate.

JP 2007-46649 A

  By the way, generally, the air spring is shipped in a state where the flexible member is not filled with air. In such a state, as shown in FIG. 7, there may be a gap between the top plate and the flexible member. In such a case, in the air spring described in Patent Document 1, the sliding sheet may fall off the upper surface plate. In this case, when the air spring is filled with air, it is necessary to fix the sliding sheet to the upper surface plate while confirming the position of the sliding sheet again, which is inconvenient.

  Moreover, in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, in order to fix the sliding sheet to the upper surface plate, it is necessary to accurately form the convex portion on the rubber member (upper surface rubber portion) of the upper surface plate. A spring was desired.

  As a method of fixing the sliding plate to the upper surface plate, it is also conceivable to directly bond the sliding plate to the upper surface plate. However, when the sliding plate is bonded to the upper surface plate (upper surface rubber portion), the horizontal displacement repeatedly acts on the air spring. Due to the difference in characteristics such as the rate, the sliding plate is cracked, and the flexible sliding member may be damaged by the broken sliding plate.

  Therefore, in the present invention, in view of the above problems, there is no risk of cracking in the sliding plate while adopting a method in which the sliding plate is bonded to the upper surface plate, and sliding is performed even when the air spring is not filled with air. It is an object of the present invention to provide an air spring with a simple structure and without the possibility of the plate falling off from the upper surface plate.

  As a result of various studies by the inventor in order to solve the above problems, the sliding plate is placed on the entire lower surface of the upper surface plate (the entire upper surface rubber portion) even if the sliding plate is bonded to the upper surface plate. It is possible to prevent the sliding plate from cracking by adhering the sliding plate within a predetermined region of the entire upper surface rubber portion, and not to attach the sliding plate from the upper surface plate. It has been found that it is possible to prevent the dropout, and the present invention has been completed.

  That is, the air spring according to the present invention includes an upper surface plate, a lower surface plate, a cylindrical flexible member interposed between the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate, and an upper surface in contact with the flexible member in the upper surface plate. An air spring provided with a sliding plate attached to the surface of the rubber part, wherein the flexible member constantly presses the upper rubber part when the air spring is used in which the flexible member is filled with air. The sliding plate is bonded to the upper rubber part in a part of the constant pressing region.

  According to the above configuration, the sliding plate can be prevented from cracking, and the sliding plate is bonded and held to the upper rubber portion even when the air spring is not filled with air. There is no risk of the plate falling off the top plate. Thus, in the present invention, it is not necessary to separately provide fixing means for fixing the sliding plate to the upper surface plate, and the structure can be simplified.

  The sliding plate is generally formed in a donut shape, that is, an annular shape so as to cover the entire surface of the upper surface rubber portion. In addition, the constant pressing region in which the flexible member constantly presses the upper rubber portion via the sliding plate refers to the horizontal displacement of the air spring in the air spring use state in which the flexible member is filled with air. In other words, it means a region where the flexible member constantly presses the upper rubber portion via the sliding plate. The constantly pressed area is concentric with the upper rubber part and has a smaller diameter than the radius of the upper rubber part.

  Specifically, the constant pressing region is set within a region surrounded by a circle having a radius of 0.75R in the case of a general air spring, where R is the radius of the upper rubber portion. Furthermore, most of the air springs are set within a region surrounded by a circle having a radius of 0.50R. In the constant pressing region, a force that presses each other exclusively in the thickness direction of the sliding plate is always stably applied between the sliding plate and the upper rubber portion. Therefore, even if the sliding plate and the upper rubber portion are bonded in the constantly pressed region, the fluctuation of the force acting on both is small, and it is possible to effectively prevent the sliding plate from cracking.

  On the other hand, in a portion radially outward from the constantly pressed region of the upper rubber portion (hereinafter, abbreviated as an outer portion of the upper rubber portion), the horizontal displacement of the air spring causes the upper rubber portion and the sliding plate to move. Repeated tensile-compressive stress acts. That is, the force acting on both fluctuates greatly. When a force is applied to the outer plate portion of the upper rubber portion and the sliding plate portion corresponding to the outer portion of the upper rubber portion, both of them are elastically deformed.

  Therefore, when the sliding plate and the upper rubber portion are bonded to each other at the outer portion of the upper rubber portion, the sliding plate may not follow the deformation of the upper rubber portion, and the sliding plate may break. Arise. As described above, in the present invention, it is an important point that the sliding plate is bonded to the upper rubber portion in the constant pressing region.

In order to adhere the sliding plate to the upper surface plate (upper surface rubber portion), an adhesive or a double-sided tape can be used. Further, in the constant pressing region, the area of the bonding portion where the sliding plate and the upper rubber portion are bonded is at least 100 mm ² or more, more preferably 300 mm ² or more, and the bonding strength of the bonding portion according to JIS K6256-2 is 10N. / 25 mm or more, more preferably 20 N / 25 mm or more. As a result, even if the air spring (inside the flexible member) is not filled with air and a gap is formed between the upper surface plate and the flexible member, the sliding plate is prevented from falling off the upper surface rubber portion. Can be prevented.

  As described above, the sliding plate is generally formed in a donut shape. Therefore, in practice, the bonding portion is provided in a part or all of an annular region (hereinafter referred to as an annular region) where the sliding plate and the constantly pressed region overlap. Specifically, the adhesive part can be formed in an annular shape with a width narrower than the width of the annular region in addition to being provided in the entire annular region. It is also possible to intermittently form a plurality of adhesive portions in the circumferential direction.

In particular, when the sliding plate and the upper rubber part are bonded using a double-sided tape, it is difficult to apply the double-sided tape in a ring shape. Just stick. In any case, the area of the bonding portion is set to be at least 100 mm ² or more.

  The bonding portions are preferably formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction so that the bonding strength in the annular region is uniform, but the intervals can be changed as appropriate according to the magnitude of the front-rear and left-right displacements. is there.

  It is also possible to form an annular convex portion on the upper rubber portion located radially inside the inner peripheral edge of the sliding plate with the sliding plate attached to the upper rubber portion. Thereby, even if the air spring is displaced in the horizontal direction, it is possible to reliably prevent the sliding plate 5 from shifting in the horizontal direction.

  In the present invention, in a state where the air spring is used in which the flexible member is filled with air, the sliding member is in a part of the constant pressing region where the flexible member always presses the upper rubber portion via the sliding plate. Is attached to the top rubber part, so there is no risk of cracking in the sliding plate, there is no risk of the sliding plate falling off the top plate even when the air spring is not filled with air, and the structure is simple. An air spring can be provided.

Sectional drawing of the half part of the air spring which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention. 1A is a cross-sectional view and FIG. 1B is a half bottom view of the top plate in FIG. (A) sectional view and (b) half plan view of the sliding plate in FIG. (A) sectional view and (b) half part bottom view of the top plate in the second embodiment (A) sectional view and (b) half plan view of the sliding plate in the second embodiment FIG. 1 is a half sectional view showing a state in which the air spring of FIG. 1 is not filled with air. Enlarged view of the main part of FIG.

[First embodiment]
The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG.1 and FIG.2 is a figure which shows 1st embodiment of the air spring for vehicles which concerns on this invention. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an air spring, showing a half part centering on a center line CL of the air spring. FIG. 2 (a) is a sectional view in the left-right direction of the top plate of the present embodiment. (B) has each shown the half bottom view of the upper surface board.

  The air spring includes an upper surface plate 1 attached to the vehicle body of the vehicle, a lower surface plate 2 disposed below the wheel, and a cylindrical flexible member 3 interposed between the upper surface plate 1 and the lower surface plate 2. And a stopper 4 interposed between the lower surface plate 2 and the wheel side support frame, and a slide for suppressing wear of the flexible member 3 disposed between the upper surface plate 1 and the flexible member 3. And a moving plate 5.

  In the present embodiment, a rubber bellows is used as the flexible member 3. The flexible member 3 is composed of a laminated rubber having a reinforcing rubber layer in which a reinforcing cord such as a steel cord is embedded as an intermediate layer. 3a is formed.

  As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the upper surface board 1 and the lower surface board 2 are formed in a disk shape with a metal material. In the center of the upper surface plate 1, a bead receiving portion 1a projecting in an annular shape is formed. Similarly, a bead receiving portion 2 a projecting in an annular shape is also formed at the center of the lower surface plate 2. And the bead parts 3a and 3a formed in the both ends of the flexible member 3 are each fitted by the bead receiving parts 1a and 2a. An upper rubber portion 6 is formed on the lower surface of the upper surface plate 1 so as not to damage the flexible member at a portion in contact with the flexible member 3, that is, radially outward from the bead receiving portion 1a.

  FIG. 3A shows a sectional view of the sliding plate, and FIG. 3B shows a half plan view of the sliding plate. The sliding plate 5 is made of a thermoplastic or thermosetting synthetic resin that can be molded into a thin and strong sheet, and has a small friction coefficient. Specifically, a fluororesin, polyethylene, or polypropylene can be used. In this embodiment, polyethylene is used.

  The sliding plate 5 is formed in a donut shape, and the thickness thereof can be set to 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm, for example. In the present embodiment, the thickness of the sliding plate 5 is 1.0 mm. In FIG. 3A, since the thickness is small with respect to the diameter of the sliding plate 5 and the cross-sectional shape is difficult to understand, it is schematically drawn with the plate thickness thicker than actual. A through hole 7 is formed in the center of the sliding plate 5.

  In the present embodiment, the annular convex portion 8 is formed on the upper rubber portion 6 just inside the inner peripheral edge of the sliding plate 5 with the sliding plate 5 attached to the upper rubber portion 6. The height of the annular convex portion 8 is 1.0 mm which is the same as the thickness of the sliding plate 5, and the annular convex portion 8, the sliding plate 5, and the sliding plate 5 are attached to the upper surface rubber portion 6. Is formed to be flush with each other.

  The annular convex portion 8 has a substantially circular outer periphery, and has a shape in which a cutout portion 9 in which a circle is cut out is formed. On the other hand, the through hole 7 of the sliding plate 5 has a shape corresponding to the outer periphery of the annular protrusion 8 so as to be engageable with the annular protrusion 8. Specifically, the through hole 7 has a substantially circular shape, and a linear portion 11 projecting in a string shape on the center side of the through hole 7 is formed at a position corresponding to the notch 9.

  By providing the notch portion 9 and the straight portion 11, the sliding plate 5 can be attached to the upper surface rubber portion 6 at a correct position. Further, the annular protrusion 8 is configured such that when the air spring is displaced in the horizontal direction in a state where the sliding plate 5 is bonded to the upper rubber portion 6 and the air spring is filled with air, the sliding plate 5 is moved in the horizontal direction. Prevents slippage. In addition, the annular convex part 8 in this embodiment aims at the position alignment of the sliding plate 5, and prevention of a shift | offset | difference, and even if a clearance gap produces between the sliding plates 5, it does not interfere. Therefore, high accuracy is not required for the dimensions of the annular convex portion 8.

  The sliding plate 5 is a part of a constantly pressing region in which the flexible member 3 constantly presses the upper rubber portion 6 through the sliding plate 5 in the state of using the air spring in which the inside of the flexible member 3 is filled with air. At the part, it is bonded to the upper rubber part 6. Specifically, the sliding plate 5 is bonded to the upper rubber portion 6 in the annular region 12. 2 and 3, when the radius (680 mm) of the top plate 1 is R, the annular region 12 slides with a region surrounded by a circle with a radius of 0.75R (always pressed region). An annular region where the plate 5 overlaps is formed. In FIG. 2, the annular region 12 is hatched.

  In the present embodiment, the radius of the inner peripheral edge of the sliding plate 5 is 0.48R except for the straight portion 11. As shown in FIG. 2, the upper rubber portion 6 is provided so as to be inclined closer to the lower surface plate 2 as it goes radially outward in the left-right direction, and further radially inward with 0.75R as a boundary. It is formed so that the inclination on the outer side in the radial direction becomes larger than that. The flexible member 3 is formed so as to be always in contact with a gradually inclined portion radially inward of 0.75R in the upper surface rubber portion 6 in a state where the air spring is filled with air.

  In the present embodiment, air springs were produced using a double-sided tape and an adhesive as means for bonding the sliding plate 5 and the upper rubber part 6. As the double-sided tape, Bond SS tape WF172 manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd. was used. As an adhesive, Cemedine PP5 manufactured by Cemedine was used as a primer, and Cemedine Super X8008 manufactured by Cemedine was used as an adhesive.

The double-sided tape is cut into a size of 20 mm x 50 mm, and this is aligned with the front and rear, left and right directions of the air spring in the annular region 12 and attached to the upper rubber part 6 at 90 ° intervals, and the sliding plate 5 is aligned there. Adhering while doing. As a result, the area of the bonding portion 13 where the sliding plate 5 and the upper rubber portion 6 are bonded is 20 mm × 50 mm × 4 = 400 mm ² , and the bonding strength of the bonding portion according to JIS K6256-2 is 22.1 N / 25 mm. Met. Moreover, in the same position and range as the above-mentioned adhesion part, the adhesion strength according to JIS K6256-2 when the above-mentioned adhesive was used instead of the double-sided tape was 46.3 N / 25 mm.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the air spring using the double-sided tape as the bonding means and the air spring using the adhesive as the bonding means are both unfilled with air as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The sliding plate did not fall off from the upper surface plate 1 even when the gap A was generated between the upper surface plate 1 and the upper surface plate 1. Moreover, the durability test was implemented about the said 2 types of air spring in the state filled with air. The test conditions are as shown below.

  That is, the lower surface plate 2 was attached to a rotating arm (arm length from the rotation center to the lower surface plate: 1 m), and the upper surface plate 1 was attached to a fixed wall. The distance between the upper surface plate 1 and the lower surface plate 2 was adjusted to be the same as that during normal use of the air spring. In this state, the rotating arm is rotated clockwise in the horizontal direction, and when the lower surface plate is displaced 75 mm from the original position, it is returned to the original state, and further, the rotating arm is rotated counterclockwise. Was displaced by -75 mm from the original position, the original state was restored. This was defined as one cycle, and 200,000 cycle displacement was repeated at a cycle of 0.5 Hz.

  As a result of the above test, the air spring according to the present invention, both of which uses a double-sided tape as an adhering means and that which uses an adhesive as an adhering means, has no cracking / deformation of the sliding plate, and is not misaligned / dropped. Did not occur. Moreover, the influence on the durability of the air spring was not recognized. From the above, it was confirmed that the occurrence of cracks in the sliding plate 5 can be suppressed by bonding the sliding plate 5 and the upper surface rubber portion 6 only in the annular region 12.

[Second Embodiment]
The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the annular convex portion and the notch portion are not provided on the upper surface plate, and the through hole has a circular shape without the linear portion provided on the sliding plate. Is the same as in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view in the left-right direction of the top plate of the present embodiment, and FIG. 4B is a half bottom view of the top plate. FIG. 5A is a sectional view of the sliding plate of the present embodiment, and FIG. 5B is a half plan view of the sliding plate. In this embodiment, since the notch part and the straight line part are not provided, the sliding plate using the notch part and the straight line part cannot be aligned.

  However, as the air spring, an anisotropic air spring having different horizontal spring characteristics in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle is frequently used. The air spring adjusts the spring characteristics by changing the inclination of the outer portion in the radial direction of the upper rubber portion (hereinafter abbreviated as “inclination of the upper rubber portion”).

  Therefore, in the anisotropic air spring, the inclination of the upper rubber portion differs between the front-rear direction and the left-right direction. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, the inclination of the upper surface rubber portion 6 may be different in the left-right direction. If it does so, the sliding plate 5 shape | molded according to the shape of the upper surface plate 1 cannot be attached to the upper surface rubber | gum part 6, if it is not a correct position, and it is not necessary to take the means of positioning of a sliding plate separately. . That is, the air spring of this embodiment is particularly useful for an anisotropic air spring.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, the annular convex part is not provided in the upper surface plate. However, as described above, the upper rubber portion 6 has a three-dimensional shape that is inclined so as to approach the lower surface plate 2 toward the outer side in the radial direction. Therefore, in order for the sliding plate 5 to shift in the horizontal direction, the sliding plate 5 must get over the upper surface rubber portion 6.

  However, the sliding plate 5 is bonded to the upper rubber portion 6 by the bonding portion 13 and the air spring is filled with air in the bonding portion 13 by the flexible member 3. The force that presses against the rubber part 6 always acts. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the sliding plate 5 from moving over the inclined portion of the upper surface rubber portion 6 and shifting in the horizontal direction by these forces.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper surface plate 2 Lower surface plate 3 Flexible member 4 Stopper 5 Sliding plate 6 Upper surface rubber part 7 Through hole 8 Annular convex part 9 Notch part 11 Straight part 12 Annular area 13 Adhesive part

Claims (5)

An upper surface plate, a lower surface plate, a cylindrical flexible member interposed between the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate, and a sliding plate attached to the surface of the upper surface rubber portion in contact with the flexible member in the upper surface plate In the use state of the air spring in which the flexible member is filled with air, the flexible member constantly presses the upper rubber portion through the sliding plate. The air spring is characterized in that the sliding plate is bonded to the upper surface rubber part. The area of the bonded portion where the sliding plate and the upper rubber portion are bonded is at least 100 mm ² or more, and the bonding strength of the bonded portion according to JIS K6256-2 is 10 N / 25 mm or more. Item 1. The air spring according to Item 1. The air spring according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the adhesive portions are intermittently formed in the circumferential direction in the constantly pressed region. The annular convex part is formed in the upper surface rubber part located in the radial inside of the inner periphery of the sliding plate in a state where the sliding plate is attached to the upper surface rubber part. The air spring according to the crab. The air spring according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sliding plate is bonded and held to the upper rubber portion in a state where the flexible member is not filled with air.

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