JP2012007380A - Openable dome - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure capable of continuously changing the diameter of an oculus and geometrical shape of the entire dome while keeping the stability of the structure in an openable dome.SOLUTION: The openable dome includes: a plurality of three-dimensional angulated scissors elements arranged at equal angles around the center axis of a partial curved surface in a lamellar shape; respective pin intersections on the same plane respectively passing through the vertex of the partial curved surface and obliquely crossing the center axis; respective posts connected with the respective pin intersections on the innermost periphery; a diagonal cable for connecting the respective posts and the respective pin intersections positioned on the one stage outer periphery than the respective posts; a zigzag cable for connecting the respective pin intersections connected with the respective posts with the respective pin intersections in the further outer peripheral direction; a first hoop cable for connecting the respective adjacent pin intersections on the innermost periphery; and a second hoop cable for connecting the respective adjacent posts on the periphery. By adjusting the lengths of the hoop cables and the zigzag cable, the oculus is opened and closed and the geometrical shape of the dome is changed.

Description

The present invention relates to a structure of an openable dome having a circular skylight at the top, and more specifically, an openable dome capable of continuously changing the diameter of the circular skylight and the geometric shape of the entire dome. Related to the structure.

Opening and closing dome can realize a wide space without pillars, and by opening and closing the skylight, it can respond to changes in weather, adjust the internal lighting conditions, or perform internal ventilation In recent years, various proposals have been made regarding the structure.

A structure in which scissors elements on a partial sphere are arranged in a lamellar shape and each intersection point is connected with scissors pins is a kind of unstable structure, and theoretically without storing strain energy in the member. , Its geometric shape can be changed. An openable dome structure constructed using such scissors elements has been developed.

The inventor of the present invention continuously changes the diameter of the orcs (circular skylight) and the geometric shape of the entire dome while maintaining the stability of the structure in the openable dome composed of three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements. Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 have proposed a structure that can be manufactured and that can relatively easily manufacture the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element.

The main structure is obtained by arranging “three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements” (3-DASE) on a partial spherical surface at an equal angle around the central axis of the spherical surface and forming a lamellar shape. Pin intersections of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements are on the same plane passing through the top of the spherical surface and obliquely intersecting the central axis, and adjacent pin intersections on each element are the central axes Are arranged so that the angles formed around are equal. Further, the rotation axis (pivot axis) of each pin intersection coincides with the normal direction of the partial spherical surface. However, during the shape change process, a slight angle change occurs between the pivot axis of each pin intersection and the pin hole axis of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element, and the element member is loosened to absorb this angle change.・ Halls are provided or spherical roller bearings are embedded. The structure obtained in this way is a kind of variable structure, and the shape of the whole structure, particularly the top window diameter can be changed greatly only by the rigid body movement without elastic deformation of the elements. In order to construct a driving system that continuously changes the shape of the variable structure and a structural system that enables a large span, Patent Document 1 provides a telescopic rod on the inner periphery and outer periphery of the main structure, respectively. A three-dimensional multi-fold scissor member was proposed as a structural system that mainly serves as an axial force transmission mechanism.

However, since the linear expansion / contraction rod constituting the inner ring has a high expansion / contraction ratio of 5 to 6 times and receives a large compression axial force, a problem remains in the rod manufacturing technology and buckling strength.

JP 2002-81165 A Japanese Patent No. 4224833 U.S. Pat. No. 3,139,957

The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the conventional open / close dome as described above, and an object of the present invention is to provide an orcs diameter and an open / close dome composed of three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements. An object of the present invention is to provide a structure in which the geometric shape of the entire dome can be continuously changed while maintaining the stability of the structure, and the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element is relatively easy to manufacture.

In one embodiment of the present invention, in an openable dome capable of opening and closing a top skylight configured on an axially symmetric partial curved surface constituting the basic shape of the dome, the center of the partial curved surface is formed in a lamellar shape. A plurality of three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements arranged at an equal angle around an axis, and the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements are connected to each other, and each of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements passes through the vertex of the partial curved surface and intersects the central axis obliquely Each pin intersection on the same plane, each pin intersection located on the innermost periphery and each post connected to one end thereof, each other located on the outer periphery from the other end of each post and each post A diagonal cable connecting pin intersections and a zigzag cable arranged so that each pin intersection connected to each post connects a diagonal diagonal vertex of the square formed with each pin intersection in the outer circumferential direction. And most A first hoop cable connected between the adjacent pin intersections located on the circumference and a second hoop cable connected to one end of each post and connected between the adjacent posts on the same circumference The pin intersections are arranged so that the angles formed around the central axis are equal between the pin intersections adjacent to each other on the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element, The rotation axis of the intersection is configured to coincide with the normal direction of the partial curved surface, and by opening and closing the skylight and adjusting the lengths of the first and second hoop cables and the zigzag cable, It is characterized by changing the geometric shape of the dome.

In another embodiment of the present invention, in an openable dome capable of opening and closing a top skylight configured on an axially symmetric partial curved surface constituting the basic shape of the dome, a lamellar shape of the partial curved surface is provided. A plurality of three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements arranged at an equal angle around the central axis, and the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements are connected to each other, and obliquely intersect the central axis through the vertex of the partial curved surface From each pin intersection located on the same plane, each pin intersection located at one outer periphery from the innermost circumference and the innermost circumference and each post connected to one end, the other end of each post and each post A diagonal cable connecting the pin intersections located on one outer periphery, and the pin intersections located one outer periphery from the innermost periphery connected to the posts form the pin intersections in the outer peripheral direction. The diagonal vertices of the rectangle to be connected A zigzag cable arranged so as to be connected, a first hoop cable connected between the adjacent pin intersections located on the innermost circumference, and connected to one end of each post and adjacent on the same circumference A second hoop cable connecting between the posts, and the pin intersections are formed around the central axis between the pin intersections adjacent to each other on the three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element. The angle of rotation is set to be equal to each other, and the rotation axis of each pin intersection is configured to coincide with the normal direction of the partial curved surface, and the first and second hoop cables and the zigzag cable By adjusting the length, the skylight is opened and closed and the geometric shape of the dome is changed.

Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, it further includes an outer peripheral cable arranged by connecting the pin intersections located on the outermost periphery of the partial curved surface.

Further, the zigzag cable forms a scissor truss-like compression ring in cooperation with the three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element.

According to the open / close dome of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a structure whose shape continuously changes while maintaining mechanical rationality, that is, excellent in strength and rigidity. The rotation axis of each pin intersection of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element is made to coincide with the normal direction of the axisymmetric partial curved surface (typically partial spherical surface) constituting the basic shape of the dome. Very easy. Therefore, the stress transmission between the members is performed smoothly, and the strength as a structure is excellent.

In the open / close dome of the present invention, the length and tension of the flexible tensile material are controlled to change the shape of the entire structure. By developing and applying a modern tension method, The construction of a large openable dome is possible.

It is the schematic which showed the structure of the opening-and-closing type dome concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing in the cross section of x-x 'about the open / close-type dome of FIG. It is sectional drawing and a bottom view which show arrangement | positioning of the pin intersection of the opening-and-closing dome which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of the zigzag cable in the opening-and-closing type dome of FIG. It is the schematic which showed the structure of the open / close-type dome which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing in the cross section of x-x 'about the open / close-type dome of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of the zigzag cable in the opening-and-closing dome of FIG. It is a figure which shows the position of the pin intersection in the reference | standard state of the open / close-type dome which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. In the open / close dome according to the embodiment of the present invention, the open / close dome in the case where t representing the translation amount and the rotation increment from the reference state is t = 0, t = −0.25, and t = 0.3. It is a schematic diagram which shows the shape. It is the graph which showed an example of the change of the length to t of the variable-length cable concerning the opening-and-closing type dome concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure of the state in which the orcs were opened when the model of the opening-and-closing dome concerning an embodiment of the present invention was made as a prototype, and opening and closing operation was performed. It is a figure of the state in which the orcs were opened a little when the prototype of the open-and-close type dome concerning an embodiment of the present invention was made as a prototype, and opening and closing operation was performed. FIG. 3 is a diagram in which an orcus when a model of an open / close dome according to an embodiment of the present invention is prototyped and an open / close operation is performed is closed.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an open / close dome according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line x-x ′. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view and a plan view showing the arrangement of pin intersections of the openable dome according to one embodiment of the present invention.

The openable dome 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element 110, a post 120, a first hoop cable 130, a second hoop cable 135, a zigzag cable 140, and a diagonal cable 150. , An outer peripheral cable 160 and an ORUX 170.

As shown in FIG. 3, the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element 110 is arranged in a lamellar shape on the partial spherical surface S constituting the basic shape of the dome at an equal angle around the central axis Z of the partial spherical surface S. . For details of the structure of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element 110, refer to Japanese Patent No. 4224833 (Patent Document 2).

As shown in FIG. 2, each three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element 110 is a member on the partial spherical surface S (usually a straight member, but may be a curved member along the basic shape) a-b, bc, cd, de, ef, and the like are joined in series. Each three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element 110 intersects with another three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element 110 while sharing this pin at each joint.

The open / close dome according to the present invention is configured such that, in its basic shape, the rotation axis of each pin intersection coincides with the normal direction of the partial spherical surface, that is, the center direction of the sphere.

In the openable dome according to the present invention, the “planar cut method” is applied as a method for determining the geometrical condition of the pin intersection of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element 110. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, on the partial spherical surface S constituting the basic shape of the dome, pin intersections (for example, a, b, c, d, e, f) of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element 110 are Pin intersection points are located on the same plane P passing through the vertex T of the partial spherical surface S and obliquely intersecting the central axis Z of the partial spherical surface S, and pins adjacent to each other on each three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element 110 The intersections are arranged so that the angles formed around the central axis Z are equal.

That is, on the partial spherical surface S, pin intersections of the respective three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements 110 are arranged as follows.

The partial spherical surface S is cut along a plane P that passes through the apex of the partial spherical surface S and obliquely intersects the central axis z.

The pin intersections on each three-dimensional scissor element 110 are successively arranged in the circumferential direction on a circle Q (appears as an ellipse in FIG. 3B) formed at a portion where the partial spherical surface S and the plane P intersect. Arrange at equal angles.

That is, in FIG.
θab = θbc = θcd = θde = θef...
It is.
In a state where the dome shape is arbitrarily deformed from the partial spherical surface S (basic shape), each pin intersection point a, b, c, d, e, f is an axisymmetric curved surface slightly different from the partial spherical surface S. It's above. In the process of deformation of the dome shape, a slight angle change occurs between the pin and each member at each pin intersection, but a loose hole is provided on each member side, or a self-aligning ball bearing, self-aligning This angle change can be absorbed by embedding a roller bearing or the like.

One end of the post 120 is connected to the pin intersection on the innermost periphery of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element 110, and the other end extends in the direction of the fixed load (self-weight). A material having a buckling strength is used for the post 120.

The 1st hoop cable 130 connects between each pin intersection located in the innermost periphery and adjoining the circumferential direction. That is, in FIG. 2, the pin intersection point f and the pin intersection point adjacent in the circumferential direction are sequentially connected.

The second hoop cable 135 is connected to one end of each post 120 and connects the adjacent posts 120 on the same circumference. That is, in FIG. 2, the second hoop cable 135 is connected to the end g of the post 120 connected to the pin intersection point f, and connects between the adjacent posts 120 on the same circumference.

The zigzag cable 140 is arranged such that each pin intersection connected to each post 120 connects a diagonal diagonal vertex of a quadrangle formed with each pin intersection in the outer circumferential direction. That is, in FIGS. 1 and 2, the zigzag cable 140 is connected to the post 120 at a pin intersection f and a pin intersection e, e ₁ , d ₁ in the outer periphery direction from the pin intersection f. connecting the pin intersection d ₁ and pin intersection f located f and opposite corners.

In the zigzag cable 140, pulleys (pulleys) are attached to respective bent portions, and one long flexible tensile material (cable material) is arranged in a zigzag shape. That is, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the zigzag cable 140 has an e 1 as a starting point, d ₁ on the outer circumference from e, f on the inner circumference from e, and e ₁ and e on the same circumference as e. It is arranged in a zigzag shape so as to pass through f ₁ on the circumference, d ₂ on the outer circumference from e, e ₂ on the same circumference as e, d ₃ on the outer circumference from e, and f ₂ on the inner circumference from e. Finally, it is connected to e.

In addition, although the example which arrange | positions one elongate flexible tensile material (cable material) in the zigzag shape as the zigzag cable 140 was shown here, it is not restricted to this, A several tensile material is used. Te, d ₁ and f in FIG. 4, such d ₂ and f _1, d ₃ and f _2, the opposite corners of the rectangle described above may be arranged such that each tension member is connected.

The diagonal cable 150 connects the other end of each post 120 to each of the pin intersections located on the outer periphery of each post 120. That is, in FIG. 2, the diagonal cable 150 connects the end g of the post 120 and the pin intersection point e located on the outer periphery of the post 120.

By adjusting the length and tension of the first hoop cable 130 and the second hoop cable 135, a horizontal force in the H direction is applied. Then, a tensile force is generated in the diagonal cable 150 and a compressive force is generated in the post 120. The post 120 is pushed up, and a force opposite to the direction of the fixed load (self-weight) acts. The pulling force of the diagonal cable 150 causes an action of contracting in the circumferential direction of the dome. For this action, a zigzag cable 140 is arranged to cooperate with the three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element 110 to form a scissor truss-like compression ring to obtain a self-balancing structure. The first hoop cable 130 that passes through the node f at the upper part of the inner periphery resists the lift of wind loads.

The outer peripheral cable 160 resists the action of trying to spread in the outer peripheral direction at the dome bottom, and stabilizes the dome shape. In addition, even if it is not necessarily the outer periphery cable 160, if it is a means which resists the effect | action which is going to spread in an outer periphery direction, it is applicable with respect to this invention.

Each of the cables is typically a wire. By controlling and adjusting the length and tension of each cable with a computer or the like, it is possible to open and close the orcs 170 of the dome 100. Each cable is connected to the pin intersection or post 120 via, for example, a pulley, but is not limited to this, and is connected to the pin intersection or post 120 so that the length and tension of the cable can be adjusted. It only has to be done.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of an open / close dome according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line x-x ′. The description overlapping the above-described embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 is omitted.

The openable dome 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention includes a three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element 210, a post 220, a first hoop cable 230, a second hoop cable 235, a zigzag cable 240, and a diagonal cable. 250, outer peripheral cable 260, and ORUX 270.

One end of the post 220 is connected to the innermost periphery of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element 210 and one pin outer periphery from the innermost periphery, and the other end extends in the direction of the fixed load (self-weight). A material having a buckling strength is used for the post 220.

The first hoop cable 230 is located on the innermost circumference and connects between adjacent pin intersections. The second hoop cable 235 is connected to one end of each post 220 and connects the adjacent posts 220 on the same circumference. That is, in FIG. 6, the second hoop cable 235 connects the end portion h of the post 220 connected to the pin intersection point f and the adjacent posts 220 on the same circumference, and connects to the pin intersection point e. The end g of the post 220 and the adjacent posts 220 on the same circumference are connected.

The zigzag cable 240 is arranged so that each pin intersection located on the outer periphery one from the innermost periphery connects the diagonal vertexes of the quadrangle formed with the pin intersection in the outer periphery direction. That is, in FIGS. 5 and 6, the zigzag cable 240 is connected to the post 220 at the pin intersection point e and the pin intersection point d, d ₁ , c ₁ in the outer peripheral direction from the pin intersection point e. connecting the pin intersection c ₁ and pin intersection e located e and opposite corners.

As with the zigzag cable 140 described above, the zigzag cable 240 has pulleys (pulleys) attached to the respective bent portions, and one long flexible tensile material (cable material) is arranged in a zigzag shape. . That is, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, a zigzag cable 240, starting from the d, e in the inner periphery than _c 1, d in the outer periphery than d, inner than _d 1, d on the and d periphery E ₁ on the circumference, c ₂ on the outer circumference from d, d ₂ on the same circumference as d, c ₃ on the outer circumference from d, e ₂ on the inner circumference from d, and so on. Finally, it is connected to d.

In addition, although the example which arrange | positions one elongate flexible tensile material (cable material) in the zigzag shape as the zigzag cable 240 was shown here, it is not restricted to this, A several tensile material is used. Thus, the tensile materials may be arranged so as to connect the diagonal vertices of the quadrangle described above, such as c ₁ and e, c ₂ and e ₁ , and c ₃ and e _{2 in} FIG.

The diagonal cable 250 connects the other end of each post 220 and each of the pin intersections located on the outer periphery of each post 220. That is, in FIG. 6, the diagonal cable 250 connects the end portion h of the post 220 and the pin intersection point e positioned at one outer periphery, and is positioned at the end portion g of the post 220 and one outer periphery. The pin intersection d to be connected is connected.

By adjusting the length and tension of the first hoop cable 230 and the second hoop cable 235, a horizontal force in the H direction is applied. Then, a tensile force is generated in the diagonal cable 250 and a compressive force is generated in the post 220. The post 220 is pushed up, and a force opposite to the direction of the fixed load (self-weight) acts. The pulling force of the diagonal cable 250 causes an action of contracting in the circumferential direction of the dome. The zigzag cable 240 is arranged for this action, and cooperates with the three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element 210 to form a scissor truss-like compression ring to obtain a self-balancing structure. The first hoop cable 230 passing through the node f at the upper inner periphery resists the lift of wind load.

In this embodiment, in addition to the pin intersection located on the innermost circumference, the post 220 is also connected to a pin intersection located one outer circumference from the innermost circumference, and each post has a second hoop cable 235 and a diagonal. By connecting the cable 250 and arranging the zigzag cable 240 for its action, a more stable self-balancing structure compared to the above-described embodiment in which the post 220 is installed only at the innermost periphery Thus, the diameter of the ORUX 270 can be changed in a more stable state, and the overall shape of the dome can be changed stably.

The three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element 210, the outer peripheral cable 260, and the ORUX 270 are the same as those described above for the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element 110, the outer peripheral cable 160, and the ORUX 170.

Hereinafter, numerical calculation for performing a shape change simulation of the structural model of the openable dome according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the position of the pin intersection in the reference state.

As shown in FIG. 8, on the partial spherical surface S constituting the basic shape of the dome, pin intersection points (eg, 1, 2, 3,..., I, (i + 1),. n) is arranged as follows.

The partial spherical surface S is cut along a plane P that passes through the apex of the partial spherical surface S and obliquely intersects the central axis z.

Pin intersections on each three-dimensional scissor element 110 are sequentially arranged in a circumferential direction on a circle Q (which appears as an ellipse in FIG. 8B) formed at a portion where the partial spherical surface S and the plane P intersect. Arrange at equal angles.

That is, in FIG. 8B,
θ ₁₂ = θ ₂₃ = θ _{i (i + 1)} =... θ _{(n−1) n}
It is.

The spatial coordinates in the variable pin intersection point i determined by the plane cut method described above are given by the following equation (Equation 1) when t representing the translation amount and the rotation amount increment from the reference state is used. For convenience, the state at t = 0 is referred to as a “reference state”.

The amount of change in the angle of the rotating pin rotation shaft can be obtained by the following method.

The pin intersection is not only on the circumference of the circle Q, but also on the spherical surface S with a radius of curvature r. The coordinate values (Px, Py, Pz) of the center point P ′ of the variable sphere S are given by the following equation (Equation 2).

In the reference state, i.e., t = 0, Px = Py = Pz = 0. Among the spherical center coordinates of the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element, Px and Py are different for each element, but Pz has a common value. Therefore, the angle change η i of the pin rotation axis at the intersection point _i is equal to sin ⁻¹ which is a value obtained by dividing the length h _i of the perpendicular from this center point to y = tan θ _i x by the radius of curvature r.
That is, it is as the following formula (Formula 3).

First, when t = 0 (reference state), the post 220 is perpendicular to the xy plane, and the lengths _thereof are L _p1 = C ₁ (Z ₅ −Z ₄ ) and L _p2 = C ₂ (Z ₆ −Z). ₅ ). Here, C ₁ and C ₂ are constants, and when both are 2.5, L _p1 = 0.1414 and L _p2 = 0.1186. At this time, the lengths of the diagonal cable 250 are L _d1 = 0.1652 and L _d2 = 0.1656, respectively. If the lengths of the post 220 and the diagonal cable 250 are fixed in the process of changing the shape of the openable dome 200, the first hoop cable 230, the second hoop cable 235, the zigzag cable 240, and the outer peripheral cable 260 are fixed. The length varies.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the open / close dome according to the embodiment of the present invention when t = −0.25, t = 0, and t = 0.3, and FIG. 10 shows the post 220 and the diagonal cable 250. It is the graph which showed an example of the change with respect to t of the variable length cable when the length of is fixed. L ₁ is the length of the outer cable 260, L _3-5 is the length of the zigzag cable 240, L ₆ and L ₇ are the length of the second hoop cable 235, and L ₈ is the first hoop cable. Indicates the length.

FIG. 11 to FIG. 13 are diagrams in which an open / close dome model according to an embodiment of the present invention is prototyped and the open / close operation is performed. 11 to 13, FIG. 11 shows a state in which the orcs are most opened, and FIG. 13 shows a state in which the orcs are closed. In this trial production, it was confirmed that by changing the length of the variable-length cable, it is possible to stably change the opening and closing of the ORUX and the shape of the openable dome.

100, 200 ... Openable dome 110, 210 ... Three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element,
120, 220 ... post 130, 230 ... first hoop cable 135, 235 ... second hoop cable 140, 240 ... zigzag cable 150, 250 ... diagonal cable 160 260, outer peripheral cables 170, 270, ORUX

Claims (4)

In the openable dome capable of opening and closing the top skylight constructed on the axisymmetric partial curved surface constituting the basic shape of the dome,
A plurality of three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements arranged in a lamellar manner at an equal angle around the central axis of the partial curved surface;
The three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements are connected to each other, and each pin intersection point on each same plane passing through the vertex of the partial curved surface and obliquely intersecting the central axis,
Each of the pin intersections located on the innermost circumference and each post to which one end thereof is connected,
A diagonal cable connecting the other end of each post and each pin intersection located on the outer periphery of one of the posts;
A zigzag cable arranged so that each pin intersection connected to each post connects the diagonal vertices of a quadrangle formed with each pin intersection in the outer circumferential direction;
A first hoop cable connecting the adjacent pin intersections located on the innermost circumference; and
A second hoop cable connected to one end of each post and connecting between adjacent posts on the same circumference;
The pin intersections are arranged such that angles formed around the central axis are equal between the pin intersections adjacent to each other on the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element,
The rotation axis of each pin intersection is configured to coincide with the normal direction of the partial curved surface,
Opening and closing the skylight and changing the geometric shape of the dome by adjusting the lengths of the first and second hoop cables and the zigzag cable. In the openable dome capable of opening and closing the top skylight constructed on the axisymmetric partial curved surface constituting the basic shape of the dome,
A plurality of three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements arranged in a lamellar manner at an equal angle around the central axis of the partial curved surface;
The three-dimensional multi-fold scissors elements are connected to each other, and each pin intersection point on each same plane passing through the vertex of the partial curved surface and obliquely intersecting the central axis,
Each pin intersection located at one outer circumference from the innermost circumference and the innermost circumference and each post connected at one end;
A diagonal cable connecting the other end of each post and each pin intersection located on the outer periphery of one of the posts;
A zigzag cable arranged so that each pin intersection located on the outer periphery one from the innermost circumference connected to each post connects the diagonal vertex of the quadrangle formed with the pin intersection in the outer circumferential direction;
A first hoop cable connecting the adjacent pin intersections located on the innermost circumference; and
A second hoop cable connected to one end of each post and connecting between adjacent posts on the same circumference;
The pin intersections are arranged such that angles formed around the central axis are equal between the pin intersections adjacent to each other on the three-dimensional multi-fold scissors element,
The rotation axis of each pin intersection is configured to coincide with the normal direction of the partial curved surface,
Opening and closing the skylight and changing the geometric shape of the dome by adjusting the lengths of the first and second hoop cables and the zigzag cable.   The open / close dome according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an outer peripheral cable arranged to connect between the pin intersections located on the outermost periphery of the partial curved surface.   4. The openable dome according to claim 1, wherein the zigzag cable forms a scissor truss-like compression ring in cooperation with the three-dimensional multi-fold scissor element.