JP2012005427A - Plant cultivation structure, plant cultivation base material, and foundation material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant cultivation structure, a plant cultivation base material and a foundation material capable of efficient irrigation.SOLUTION: The plant cultivation structure includes the plant cultivation base materials 11 and the foundation material 13. A plurality of base material projections 25 projecting outward are formed on a side surface of each plant cultivation base material 11, and through-holes 33 are formed in the foundation material 13. A plurality of foundation projections 37 extending along the axial direction of the through-hole 33 and projecting inward of the through-hole 33 are formed in each through-hole 33. When the plant cultivation base material 11 is inserted into the through-hole 33, water smoothly flows into the plant cultivation base material 11 from the foundation projections 37. Further, as the foundation projections 37 are compressed in contact with the plant cultivation base material 11, the quantity of water flowing via the foundation projections 37 can be increased.

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation structure comprising a plant cultivation base material having a porous structure, and a base material having a porous structure and having a housing part capable of accommodating the plant cultivation base material.

  In recent years, the demand for urban greening has increased, and greening of building outer walls and indoor walls has been actively attempted. When soil is used as a plant cultivation base, such as when greening is performed indoors or in places where maintenance is difficult, management may be difficult. Therefore, conventionally, a cultivation base other than soil has been proposed as a medium for growing plants. For example, there is one using a foamed resin material formed in a block shape as a plant cultivation base material (see Patent Document 1).

  By the way, in order to grow plants, it is necessary to perform irrigation appropriately. However, when plants are arranged over a wide area such as a wall surface, the structure becomes complicated and costly if the plants are individually irrigated. Become high. Therefore, for example, as shown in FIG. 9B, it is conceivable that a plant cultivation base material 105 is attached to a base material 101 that transmits water, and the base materials 101 are arranged in the vertical direction. In this structure, water can be sent to the whole by flowing water from the upper part. In FIG. 9B, water is injected from the container, but of course, water may be automatically injected from a water injection pipe or the like.

JP 2003-235347 A

  However, in the structure as shown in FIG. 9B, since a slight gap is likely to occur between the base material 101 and the plant cultivation base material 105, water moves from the base material 101 to the plant cultivation base material 105. There is a problem that sufficient water does not flow easily through the plant cultivation base material 105. In particular, for example, when the holder 41 as shown in FIG. 4 is used, the contact area between the base material 101 and the plant cultivation base material 105 is further reduced as shown in FIG. turn into.

  Further, in order to increase the amount of water flowing to the plant cultivation base material 105, increasing the amount of water injected from above not only increases the running cost for water injection, but also prevents the base material 101 from absorbing water. Most of the water flows out from the outer side surface of the base material 101, so it is difficult to sufficiently increase the amount of water flowing to the plant cultivation base material 105.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the problem mentioned above, The objective is to provide the plant cultivation structure, plant cultivation equipment, and base material which can be efficiently irrigated.

  The invention according to claim 1, which has been made to solve the above-described problems, includes a plant cultivation base material having a porous structure, and a housing portion having a porous structure and capable of accommodating the plant cultivation base material. And at least one of the plant cultivation base material and the base material is provided with one or more projecting portions that have elasticity and project from the surface. In the state in which the plant cultivation base material is accommodated in the base material, the protruding portion is in contact with the other side different from the one side and is in a compressed state.

  In the plant cultivation structure of the present invention, the plant cultivation substrate is a medium on which plants can be cultivated, and since it has a porous structure, water is permeable, and the plant can have roots inside. Is. By accommodating this plant cultivation base material in the base material housing part, the position of the plant cultivation base material (ie, plant) is determined. By arranging the base material on the wall surface or the like in this state, the plant can be arranged at a desired position.

  And since this base material is a porous structure, it can permeate | transmit water. Therefore, when water is poured above the base material, the water flows downward. Therefore, for example, in the state where the plant is arranged so as to protrude in the lateral direction as shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to irrigate from above to below by pouring water from above the base material.

  At that time, since the protruding portion is in a compressed state between the base material and the plant cultivation base material, water easily flows through the portion, so that a lot of water flows through the plant cultivation base material. Therefore, there is no need for water to be insufficient in the plant cultivation base material, and it is not necessary to perform a large amount of water injection above the base material in order to allow sufficient water flow, so that water can be efficiently irrigated.

In addition, the protrusion part may be provided in any of a base material and a base material. It may be provided in both.
Moreover, the specific shape of the base material described above is not particularly limited as long as it is formed so that water can pass therethrough. For example, considering the ease of installation, a plate shape or a block shape can be considered. In addition, plants can be efficiently arranged if a plurality of accommodating portions are arranged on the base material, but a configuration in which only one accommodating portion is provided for each base material may be used.

  Moreover, the plant cultivation base material mentioned above can be accommodated in an accommodating part, and what kind of material and shape may be sufficient if a plant can be grown. Examples of the material include a resin sponge and soil (cultured soil). If soil is used, a mixture of soil and resin may be used so that its shape does not collapse, or it may be used by wrapping the periphery with a water-permeable material such as sponge or nonwoven fabric. Good.

  Moreover, as for the shape of a plant cultivation base material, the plant cultivation base material may be formed in the substantially columnar shape like the plant cultivation structure of Claim 2, for example. Moreover, in this structure, you may form a protrusion part in the axial direction of a plant cultivation base material in the surface of a plant cultivation base material, as described in Claim 3.

  If the base material is configured in a substantially columnar shape, the insertion operation can be facilitated because the insertion can be performed as long as the insertion direction is matched when accommodated in the accommodating portion. Moreover, since it becomes difficult to be caught when inserting a plant cultivation base material in a accommodating part because a protrusion part is along an axial direction, it is convenient.

Moreover, the plant cultivation base material may be formed so that it may become so thin as the back | inner side in the insertion direction to an accommodating part, as described in Claim 4.
If a plant cultivation base material is formed in this way, a gap is generated between the plant cultivation base material and the base material until the end of the insertion operation, so that even if a protrusion is provided as in the present invention, It can be easily inserted into the base material.

Invention of Claim 5 is a plant cultivation base material which comprises the plant cultivation structure of any one of Claim 1 to Claim 4, Comprising: It has the protrusion part mentioned above. .
If it is the base material for plant cultivation comprised in this way, a part of plant cultivation structure of any one of Claims 1-4 can be comprised.

Invention of Claim 6 is a base material which comprises the plant cultivation structure of any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: It has the protrusion part mentioned above.
If it is a base material comprised in this way, a part of plant cultivation structure of any one of Claim 1 to Claim 4 can be comprised.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the base material according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, one or more protrusions that are elastic and protrude from the outer surface are provided.
In the case of the base material configured in this manner, when the base materials are stacked or closely adjacent to each other, the protrusions are compressed between the base materials. It becomes easy to flow. Therefore, water movement between the base materials can be performed smoothly and water can be efficiently irrigated.

  Invention of Claim 8 has a plant cultivation base material which has a porous structure, and a base material which has a porous structure and the accommodation part which can accommodate the said plant cultivation base material is formed. It is a cultivation structure, Comprising: A connection member is provided. This connecting member is a rod-like or lump-like member having a porous structure and elasticity, and in a state where the plant cultivation base material is housed in the base material, between the plant cultivation base material and the base material. It arrange | positions so that it may be pinched | interposed, and will be in the state compressed into contact with the said plant cultivation base material and the said base material.

  If it is the plant cultivation structure comprised in this way, since the connection member is in the state compressed between the base material and the plant cultivation base material, as a result that water flows easily through the part, plant cultivation A lot of water will flow through the substrate. Therefore, there is no need for water to be insufficient in the plant cultivation base material, and it is not necessary to perform a large amount of water injection above the base material in order to allow sufficient water flow, so that water can be efficiently irrigated.

  The invention according to claim 9 is a base material in which an accommodating part capable of accommodating a plant cultivation base material is formed, and the base material has a porous structure and constitutes the accommodating part. The base material is characterized in that one or more projecting portions projecting from the surface are provided on the wall surface.

  In the base material configured as described above, when water is poured into the base material, the water absorbed by the base material gathers at the protruding portion located on the upper side of the storage portion and falls into the storage portion (an example shown in FIG. 5). (Shown in (A)). Thus, in the base material of this invention, since it becomes easy for water to flow into the inside of an accommodating part, water can be efficiently poured into the plant cultivation base material arrange | positioned at an accommodating part.

  In addition, the plant cultivation base material here can utilize various things, as long as it can grow a plant and can permeate | transmit water. For example, a porous structure such as a resin sponge, a structure in which resin and soil are integrally formed, or the soil itself can be considered. When soil is used, it may be used by wrapping the periphery with a water-permeable material such as sponge or nonwoven fabric so that the shape does not collapse.

Photograph showing plant cultivation structure Photo (A), plan view (B), front view (C) showing a plant cultivation substrate Photo (A), plan view (B), front view (C) showing the base material The perspective view which shows a holder Side view explaining the flow of water in a plant cultivation structure The figure explaining the assembly of a plant cultivation structure and the tension state of a plant root The figure which shows the modification of a plant cultivation structure The figure which shows the modification of a holder Side view explaining flow of water in conventional plant cultivation structure The figure explaining the fall of the contact area at the time of using a holder in the conventional plant cultivation structure

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below is merely an example, and it goes without saying that the present invention can be implemented in various forms other than the following examples.
[Example 1]
(1) Overall Configuration As shown in FIG. 1, the plant cultivation structure 1 of the present embodiment has a plant cultivation substrate 11 capable of growing plants 3 and a plurality of plant cultivation substrates 11 assembled to arrange the plants 3. And a base material 13 to be fixed.

  The plant cultivation base material 11 is shown to FIG. 2A is a perspective view (photograph) of the plant cultivation base material 11, FIG. 2B is a plan view of the plant cultivation base material 11, and FIG. 2C is a front view of the plant cultivation base material 11.

The plant cultivation base material 11 has a substantially columnar shape, and more specifically has a so-called truncated cone shape in which one side gradually becomes thin along the axial direction of the columnar shape.
Of the upper and lower surfaces of the plant cultivation substrate 11, the relatively wide surface will be described as the upper surface 21, and the relatively narrow surface as the lower surface 23. In this plant cultivation base material 11, the plant is grown so that the plant extends from the upper surface 21. For this reason, although not shown, a recess or a slit may be formed on the upper surface 21 so that the plant and its seed can be held.

  On the side surface of the plant cultivation base material 11, a plurality of base material protrusions 25 extending in the axial direction from the upper surface 21 to the lower surface 23 and projecting outward are formed. This base material protrusion 25 has elasticity.

  Moreover, since this plant cultivation base material 11 has a porous structure, it can permeate | transmit water (it may only describe as having water permeability hereafter), and the root of a plant grows, and a plant It is possible to enter the inside of the cultivation base 11 (hereinafter, simply described as having root penetration).

  As a material of this plant cultivation base material 11, what was comprised with various foamed resin materials which foamed latex resin or ethylene resin, propylene resin, styrene resin, urethane resin, phenol resin, cellulose acetate, etc. can be utilized, for example. . In addition, compression molding of organic culture materials such as peat moss, fibrous moldings such as cellulose, inorganic foams such as ceramics, and various soils that are normally used as culture media are molded using resin binders or adhesives. It can also be used as a plant cultivation floor material of the present invention. Further, the plant-cultivated flooring material according to the present invention is obtained by reacting, for example, polyether polyol (polyol component) and polyisocyanate (isocyanate component) obtained by mixing organic soil material such as bark compost, peat moss, and mulch. It may be integrally formed by consolidation using a hydrophilic urethane prepolymer and formed in a porous and elastic state. Moreover, when using soil as it is (without mixing with resin and carrying out integral molding), you may wrap the circumference | surroundings with what has water permeability, such as sponge and a nonwoven fabric, so that the shape may not collapse.

The base material 13 is shown in FIGS. 3A is a perspective view (photograph) of the base material 13, FIG. 3B is a plan view of the base material 13, and FIG. 3C is a front view of the base material 13.
The base material 13 has a rectangular parallelepiped block shape, and two through holes 33 are formed in the surface 31. This through-hole 33 corresponds to the accommodation portion of the present invention, and is configured to accommodate the plant cultivation base material 11. The through-hole 33 is open to the back surface 35 of the surface 31 and is formed so that the hole diameter decreases toward the back surface 35 side along the outer surface of the plant cultivation base material 11.

Moreover, since the base material 13 has a porous structure, it has water permeability and root permeability.
A plurality of base protrusions 37 extending in the axial direction of the through hole 33 from the surface 31 to the back surface 35 and protruding inward of the through hole 33 are formed in the through hole 33. The base protrusion 37 has elasticity.

In addition, although the material of the base material 13 is not specifically limited, For example, the thing similar to the said plant cultivation base material 11 can be used.
By inserting the plant cultivation base material 11 into the through hole 33 of the base material 13, the plant cultivation base material 11 is assembled as shown in FIG. Since the plant cultivation base 11 is thin on the back side in the direction of insertion into the through-hole 33, the insertion can be easily realized.

  Further, in a state where the plant cultivation base material 11 is inserted into the through hole 33 of the base material 13, the base material protruding portion 25 comes into contact with the wall surface forming the through hole 33 and is compressed. Similarly, the base protrusion 37 is also compressed by contacting the side surface of the plant cultivation base 11.

In order to prevent the plant cultivation base material 11 from easily falling off from the through hole 33 of the base material 13, a holder 41 shown in FIG. 4 may be used.
The holder 41 includes a plate-like portion 43 that covers a portion other than the through-hole 33 in the surface 31 of the base material 13, an insertion portion 45 that is provided in the plate-like portion 43 and is inserted into the through-hole 33, and the plate-like portion 43. And a lock member 51 that is formed separately and can be fixed to the plate-like portion 43.

The insertion portion 45 includes a plurality of thin rod-shaped members 53 extending along the surface of the through hole 33 and an annular member 55 that connects the tips of the rod-shaped members 53.
The lock member 51 has an engaging portion 49 that is inserted into and engaged with a plurality of holes 47 formed in the plate-like portion 43. Then, by engaging the engaging portion 49 with the hole 47, fixing to the plate-like portion 43 is realized. The lock member 51 has an opening 57 at the center.

As shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the holder 41 is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the plant cultivation base material 11 and the base material 13. More specifically, first, the plate-like portion 43 is attached to the base material 13 so as to cover the surface 31 of the base material 13. At the same time, the insertion portion 45 is inserted into the through hole 33. The plant cultivation base material 11 is inserted in the through-hole 33 (insertion part 45) in the state. Then, the lock member 51 is fixed to the plate-like portion 43. In the assembled state, the lock member 51 prevents the plant cultivation base material 11 from falling off. The plant 3 passes through the opening 57 of the lock member 51.
(2) Action / Effect of Invention The action / effect of the plant cultivation structure 1 of the present embodiment will be described. First, the operation and effect of the base protruding portion 37 of the base material 13 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 5A shows a state in which a plurality of base materials 13 are stacked in the vertical direction. The flow of water when flowing water from above is indicated by arrows. As for the water flowing from above, in the periphery of the through hole 33, the water gathers in the protruding base protrusion 37, and a lot of water flows inside the through hole 33. Therefore, when the plant cultivation base material 11 is inserted into the through-hole 33, water flows into the plant cultivation base material 11 from the base projecting portion 37 as shown in FIG. Furthermore, since the base protrusion 37 is compressed in contact with the plant cultivation base material 11, the amount of water flowing through the base protrusion 37 can be increased.

  On the other hand, the conventional base material 101 shown in FIG. 9A does not have the base protrusion 37, so that water easily flows inside the base material 101. Therefore, even if the plant cultivation base material 105 is inserted into the through hole 103, water does not sufficiently flow into the plant cultivation base material 105 as shown in FIG. 9B. In particular, as shown in FIG. 10, when the holder 41 is used, the base material 101 and the plant cultivation base material 105 are less likely to come into contact with each other, so that the flow of water is likely to deteriorate, and such a problem tends to become remarkable.

  In addition, when the plant cultivation base material 105 is formed larger than the diameter of the through hole 103, the entire surface of the plant cultivation base material 105 and the entire side surface constituting the through hole 103 in the base material 101 are compressed. In addition, the flow rate to the plant cultivation base material 105 cannot be increased, and effective irrigation cannot be performed. The reason for this is that since the entire side surface constituting the through hole 103 is compressed and easily absorbs water, the water that flows inside the base material 101 and reaches the vicinity of the surface of the through hole 103 becomes the plant cultivation base material 105. This is considered to be due to the flow through the side surface of the compressed through hole 103 (that is, the inside of the base material 101) without moving to step (b).

However, in the plant cultivation structure 1 of the present embodiment, sufficient contact with the plant cultivation base material 11 is realized by the base projecting portion 37, so that such a problem is solved.
Moreover, although not shown in figure, since the base material protrusion part 25 of the plant cultivation base material 11 can make a contact state with the base material 13 favorable similarly, the quantity of the water which flows into the plant cultivation base material 11 is increased. be able to.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, the base material 13 has water permeability and root permeability similar to the plant cultivation base material 11, and therefore the plant 3 can stretch the root 3a in the base material 13 as well. it can. By widening the space for extending the root in this way, the plant 3 can absorb water and air well from the root, so that the state of the plant 3 can be easily maintained.
(3) Modifications While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and can take various forms as long as they belong to the technical scope of the present invention. Needless to say.

  For example, in the said Example, although the protrusion part (the base material protrusion part 25 and the base | substrate protrusion part 37) was formed with respect to both the plant cultivation base material 11 and the base material 13, although the protrusion part is any Only one of them may be configured, or, as shown in FIG. 7A, a connecting member 61 having elasticity, water permeability, and root permeability similar to that of the protruding portion is used instead of the protruding portion. It may be. In this case, by arranging the rod-shaped connecting member 61 so as to be sandwiched between the plant cultivation base material and the base material, the connecting member 61 may be compressed and perform the same function as the protruding portion. become able to.

  The connecting member 61 may be arranged such that its longitudinal direction is along the penetrating direction of the through hole 33. The connecting member 61 may have a shape other than a rod shape, and may be a block shape such as a prismatic shape or a spherical shape. Moreover, as shown in FIG.7 (B), if it connects with the shape along the side surface of the plant cultivation base material 11 by the wire 63 thinner than the connection member 61, a sheet-like member, etc., plant cultivation Attachment between a base material and a base material can be easily performed.

Moreover, although the structure in which the two through-holes 33 were formed in the base material 13 was illustrated, one may be sufficient and three or more may be formed.
Moreover, although the thing of the column shape (conical frustum shape) was illustrated as the plant cultivation base material 11, other shapes may be sufficient. For example, a prismatic shape can be considered.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the base material protrusion part 25 illustrated the structure formed along the axial direction of the plant cultivation base material 11, it may be formed in other directions. For example, you may form so that it may extend in the circumferential direction centering on the axis | shaft of the plant cultivation base material 11. FIG.

  Similarly, the direction in which the base protrusion 37 is formed is not limited to the structure of the above embodiment. For example, it may be formed to extend in the circumferential direction around the axis of the through hole 33.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 7C, one or more protrusions 65 may be formed on the outer surface of the base material 13. By forming the protrusions 65 in this way, when the base materials 13 are stacked or placed adjacent to each other in close contact, the protrusions 65 are compressed between the base materials 13, Water easily flows through that part. Therefore, water moves smoothly between the base materials 13 and can be efficiently irrigated.

  Further, in the holder 41, the lock member 51 is not limited to the shape shown in FIG. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a lock member 75 including an engaging portion 71 and a pressing portion 73 may be used.

  In addition, a plurality of rod-like members 53 are positioned in the insertion portion 45 of the holder 41, and the interval is set so that the plate-like portion 43 is not in contact with the base protrusion 37 in a state where the plate-like portion 43 is attached to the base material 13. Good. Specifically, it is conceivable that the rod-shaped members 53 are arranged at the same interval as the interval between the base protrusions 37 or at an interval that is an integral multiple of the interval between the base protrusions 37. Moreover, it is good to comprise so that it may not contact with respect to the base material protrusion part 25 similarly to the base | substrate protrusion part 37. FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Plant cultivation structure, 3 ... Plant, 3a ... Root, 11 ... Plant cultivation base material, 13 ... Base material, 21 ... Upper surface, 23 ... Lower surface, 25 ... Base material protrusion part, 31 ... Surface, 33 ... Through-hole 35 ... back surface, 37 ... base projection, 41 ... holder, 43 ... plate-like part, 45 ... insertion part, 47 ... hole, 49 ... engagement part, 51 ... locking member, 53 ... rod-like member, 55 ... annular Member: 57 ... Opening, 61 ... Connection member, 63 ... Wire, 65 ... Projection part, 71 ... Engagement part, 73 ... Holding part, 75 ... Lock member, 101 ... Base material, 103 ... Through hole, 105 ... Plant cultivation Base material

Claims (9)

A plant cultivation base material having a porous structure;
A base material having a porous structure and formed with a housing part capable of accommodating the plant cultivation base material, and a plant cultivation structure comprising:
At least one of the plant cultivation base material and the base material is provided with one or more projecting portions that have elasticity and project from the surface,
In the state in which the plant cultivation base material is accommodated in the base material, the projecting portion is in a compressed state in contact with the other one different from the one. The plant cultivation structure according to claim 1, wherein the plant cultivation base material is formed in a substantially columnar shape. 3. The plant cultivation structure according to claim 2, wherein the protruding portion is formed along the axial direction of the plant cultivation base material on the surface of the plant cultivation base material. The plant cultivation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plant cultivation base material is formed so as to become thinner toward a back side in an insertion direction into the housing portion. .   It is a plant cultivation base material which comprises the plant cultivation structure of any one of Claims 1-4, Comprising: The said protrusion part is provided, The plant cultivation base material characterized by the above-mentioned.   It is a base material which comprises the plant cultivation structure of any one of Claim 1 to 4, Comprising: The said base part characterized by the above-mentioned. The base material according to claim 6, wherein the base material is provided with one or more protrusions having elasticity and protruding from an external surface. A plant cultivation base material having a porous structure;
A plant cultivation structure having a porous structure and a base material formed with a housing part capable of accommodating the plant cultivation base material,
A rod-like or block-like member having a porous structure and elasticity, and arranged so as to be sandwiched between the plant cultivation substrate and the substrate material in a state where the plant cultivation substrate is accommodated in the substrate material And a connecting member that is in contact with the plant cultivation base material and the base material and is in a compressed state. It is a base material formed with a housing part capable of housing a plant cultivation base material,
The base material has a porous structure, and one or more projecting portions projecting from the surface are provided on a wall surface constituting the housing portion.