JP2012001976A - Wall surface structure and wall surface construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem that it takes time and labor since conventionally the work process of swingably attaching one end of an anchor to a connection piece and installing the other end of the anchor in the installation layer of back-filling concrete is needed when erecting and arranging molding plates in many stages in the vertical direction and constructing a soil retaining wall.SOLUTION: When the back surfaces of panel bodies 1a of an upper stage and a lower stage engaged by a connection member 2a are buried by the layer of concrete 14 within the range of such a height that it can oppose a side pressure received toward the surface side, at least a part of a fixing part 7a provided integrally with the connection member 2a of the panel body 1a of the upper stage is buried and fixed together with the layer. Thus, when the back surfaces of the upper and lower panel bodies 1a are buried by the layer of the concrete 14, just by performing the work of burying the back surfaces of the upper and lower panel bodies 1a by the layer of the concrete 14, the panel body 1a of the upper stage is fixed to the layer of the concrete 14 by the fixing part 7a provided on the connection member 2a.

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall surface structure and a wall surface construction method that are configured by burying back portions on the back surface of wall surfaces stacked in a plurality of stages.

  Conventionally, as this type of wall surface structure and wall surface construction method, for example, there is a retaining wall and its construction method disclosed in Patent Document 1. This retaining wall is constructed by forming shaped plates of a certain size in multiple stages in the vertical direction in front of the cut of the soil layer and the embankment of the embankment. On the back surface of the molding plate, hooks for connecting the upper and lower molding plates are installed, and a coupling piece attached to the hook of the lower molding plate is attached to the hook of the upper molding plate. The upper forming plates are connected to each other. After that, the backfill concrete was placed between the lower forming plate and the face of the fill, and before the backfill concrete was completely cured, one end of the anchor attached to the coupling piece was swingable. The other end is installed in the casting layer of backfill concrete. Thereafter, the backfill concrete is placed and the same operation is repeated to construct the retaining wall.

  In addition, when the plate-shaped retaining wall blocks stacked obliquely are bent in the laying extension direction and curvedly constructed, the radii drawn by the retaining wall block at the lower part and the retaining wall block at the upper part are different. For this reason, when the retaining wall blocks are packed and stacked from the end so that there is no gap between the left and right retaining wall blocks, the lower retaining wall block and the upper retaining wall block are aligned vertically. Instead of being irregularly arranged, they do not become one surface, and the entrance / exit occurs between the upper and lower retaining wall blocks. On the other hand, when the retaining wall block in the lower part and the retaining wall block in the upper part are aligned vertically, a gap extending from the upper part to the lower part of the retaining wall block is generated between the retaining wall blocks. It is necessary to fill the stuffed concrete. In order to prevent such a gap from being generated between the retaining wall blocks, there is a configuration in which trapezoidal retaining wall blocks having different sizes are stacked for each stacked stage.

Japanese Patent No. 3342738

  However, the retaining wall and its construction method disclosed in the above-mentioned conventional patent document 1 can swing one end of the anchor to the coupling piece when constructing the retaining wall by arranging the molding plates in multiple stages in the vertical direction. Since the work process which installs the other end part of an anchor in the placement layer of backfill concrete is required, it takes time to construct a retaining wall. Further, when a reinforcing material such as a reinforcing bar is installed on the backfill concrete, the reinforcing material and the anchor interfere with each other, so that it takes time to install the reinforcing material regularly at a predetermined position. In addition, when curved construction is performed with the slope of the wall of each molding plate of the retaining wall, the vertical molding plates are fixed by the connecting pieces so that the vertical relationship of the vertical molding plates is aligned in the vertical direction. Therefore, the molded plate cannot be self-supported or fixed at a desired position. Therefore, the molded plates cannot be packed and stacked from the end so that no gaps are generated, and each molded plate can be processed into a trapezoid, or the gaps formed between the molded plates can be filled only with cast-in-place concrete. . For this reason, the construction period for constructing the retaining wall is prolonged and the cost is increased.

The present invention has been made to solve such problems,
The panel body,
A projection that protrudes upward from the upper part of the panel body supports the upper panel body, and a projection that projects downward from the lower part of the panel body and engages the lower panel body. Members,
A backing part consisting of a plurality of layers sequentially buried in the back surface of the panel main body, which are mutually engaged by the connecting member and stacked in a plurality of stages obliquely;
The panel body engaged by the connecting member is provided on the connecting member of the upper panel body when the back surface is filled with the back portion within the height range that can be opposed to the side pressure received toward the surface side. The wall surface structure is configured to include at least a part of which is embedded and fixed together with the layer and protruding to the back side of the panel body and provided integrally or fixed to the connecting member.

The present invention also provides:
A lower panel body and an upper panel body are formed by a connecting member that protrudes upward from the upper part of the lower panel body and a connecting member that protrudes downward from the lower part of the upper panel body and is provided on the panel body. A first step of engaging with each other;
The back surface of the panel body engaged by the connecting member is filled with a back layer within a height range that can be opposed to the side pressure received toward the front surface side, and protrudes to the back side of the upper panel body so that the upper stage The second step of filling and fixing at least a part of the protrusion provided integrally or fixed to the connecting member of the panel body together with the layer is repeated, and the back surface of the panel body is filled with the layer of the back portion. A wall surface construction method was constructed, in which the panel body was stacked in multiple stages and constructed to construct a wall surface.

  According to this configuration, when the upper surface and the lower panel body engaged by the connecting member are filled with the layer of the back portion within the height range that can be opposed to the side pressure received toward the surface side. At least a part of the protrusion provided integrally or fixed to the connecting member of the upper panel body is buried and fixed together with the layer. For this reason, when the lower panel body and the upper panel body are engaged with each other by the connecting members, the panel bodies are stacked, and when the back surfaces of the stacked upper and lower panel bodies are filled with the back-up portion layer, Just by filling the back with the back layer, the upper panel body is fixed to the back layer by the protrusions on the connecting member, so one end of the anchor is attached to the conventional connecting piece. The work process of attaching the other part in a swingable manner and installing the other end of the anchor in the placing layer of the backfill concrete is unnecessary. Further, when constructing the wall surface structure, the panel main bodies are engaged with each other by the connecting members to be self-supporting, so that a support material for supporting the panel main body is not required, and a work process for constructing the support material is not required. . As a result, the work process for constructing the wall surface structure is simplified, so that the construction period is shortened and the construction cost is suppressed. In addition, since the panel main bodies that are engaged with each other by the connecting members and stacked in a plurality of stages obliquely stand on their own, the thickness of the back portion buried in the back surface of the panel main body can be freely adjusted. Therefore, the wall surface structure can be easily constructed even in a narrow place where there is not much space for securing the thickness of the back portion.

The present invention also provides:
The panel body,
A connecting member that protrudes downward from the lower portion of the panel body and engages the lower panel body;
Engagement parts engaged with the upper and lower panel bodies by engaging the steps provided on the upper and lower parts of the panel body or by inserting members into the upper and lower parts of the panel body;
A backing part composed of a plurality of layers sequentially embedded in the back surface of the panel body which is engaged with each other by the connecting member and the engaging part and stacked in a plurality of stages obliquely;
When the back surface of the panel body engaged by the connecting member and the engaging portion is filled with a back layer within the height range that can be opposed to the side pressure received toward the surface side, the upper panel body A wall surface structure is provided with a protrusion provided at least a part of the connecting member that is buried and fixed together with the layer, protruding to the back side of the panel body, and provided integrally or fixed to the connecting member. did.

The present invention also provides:
By an engaging part that engages the step attached to the upper part of the lower panel body and the step attached to the lower part of the upper panel body, or between the upper part of the lower panel body and the lower part of the upper panel body. A first step of engaging the upper and lower panel bodies with the engaging portion into which the member is inserted, and engaging a connecting member provided projecting downward from the lower portion of the upper panel body with the lower panel body;
The back surface side of the upper panel body is filled with the back surface of the panel body engaged by the engaging portion and the connecting member within a height range that can be opposed to the side pressure received toward the surface side of the panel body. And the second step of filling and fixing at least a part of the protruding portion provided integrally or fixed to the connecting member of the upper panel body together with the layer thereof, and repeating the back surface of the panel body A wall surface construction method was constructed in which the wall surface was constructed by stacking the panel body diagonally in multiple stages while filling it with layers.

  According to this configuration, the upper and lower panel main bodies engaged by the engaging portion and the connecting member have a back surface layer within the height range that can be opposed to the side pressure received toward the surface side. At the time of filling, at least a part of the protrusion provided integrally or fixed to the connecting member of the upper panel body is buried and fixed together with the layer. For this reason, when the lower panel body and the upper panel body are engaged with each other by the engaging portion and the connecting member, the panel body is stacked, and when the back surface of the stacked upper and lower panel bodies is filled with the back layer, Since the upper panel body is fixed to the back portion layer by the protrusions provided on the connecting members, the back surface of the panel body is simply filled with the back portion layer. An operation step of attaching one end of the anchor to the swinging and installing the other end of the anchor in the back-filled concrete placing layer is not necessary. Also, when constructing the wall structure, each panel body is engaged with each other by the engaging portion and the connecting member to be self-supporting, so a support material for supporting the panel body is not required, and a work process for constructing the support material Is also unnecessary. As a result, the work process for constructing the wall surface structure is simplified, so that the construction period is shortened and the construction cost is suppressed. Moreover, since a connection member is provided only in one side of a panel main body, the number of parts which comprise a wall surface decreases, and the construction cost which construct | assembles a wall surface is suppressed. In addition, since the panel body that is engaged with each other by the engaging portion and the connecting member and stacked obliquely in a plurality of stages is self-supporting, the thickness of the back portion buried in the back surface of the panel body can be freely adjusted. Therefore, the wall surface structure can be easily constructed even in a narrow place where there is not much space for securing the thickness of the back portion. In addition, when the steps attached to the upper and lower parts of the panel body are engaged, the water stoppage is improved by the engagement between the upper panel body and the lower panel body. It is possible to prevent the constituent material of the provided back portion from flowing out to the front surface of the panel body.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that the engaging portion provided with the step is provided such that an engaging surface that engages with the adjacent panel body is spaced from the adjacent panel body by a predetermined distance.

  When the panel body is stacked by curved construction in which the wall is arcuate, as described above, the panel body stacked in the lower stage and the panel body stacked in the upper stage have different radii to draw and do not become one surface, and are aligned vertically. Therefore, the panel body is moved in and out between the front side and the back side of the upper and lower panel bodies. However, according to this configuration, the upper and lower panel main bodies are engaged by the engaging portions at arbitrary vertical positions, and the engaging surfaces of the engaging portions provided with steps are engaged with the adjacent panel main bodies. Since it is provided so as to have a predetermined interval with the adjacent panel main body, the engagement surface of the engaging portion and the adjacent panel main body are engaged with each other without colliding with each other by the gap provided in advance. As a result, by aligning the upper and lower panel bodies as in the past, it is possible to install the panel body by curving construction without constructing the interstitial concrete in the gap between the panel bodies and without processing the panel body into a trapezoid. Can be efficiently stacked. For this reason, the construction period which builds a wall surface structure is shortened, and construction cost is suppressed.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that the connecting member is provided so that an engagement surface that engages with an adjacent panel body has a predetermined distance from the adjacent panel body.

  When the panel body is stacked by curved construction in which the wall is arcuate, as described above, the panel body stacked in the lower stage and the panel body stacked in the upper stage have different radii to draw and do not become one surface, and are aligned vertically. Therefore, the panel body is moved in and out between the front side and the back side of the upper and lower panel bodies. However, according to this configuration, the upper and lower panel bodies are engaged by the connecting member at an arbitrary vertical position, and the engaging surface of the connecting member that engages with the adjacent panel body is predetermined with the adjacent panel body. Since the gaps are provided so as to be spaced apart from each other, the engagement surface of the connecting member and the adjacent panel main body are engaged with each other without colliding with each other by the gap provided in advance. As a result, by aligning the upper and lower panel bodies as in the past, it is possible to install the panel body by curving construction without constructing the interstitial concrete in the gap between the panel bodies and without processing the panel body into a trapezoid. Can be efficiently stacked. For this reason, the construction period which builds a wall surface structure is shortened, and construction cost is suppressed.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that the protruding portion is formed by bending a plate-like connecting member.

  According to this configuration, when the wall surface structure is constructed by filling the back surface of the panel body with the back portion, the protruding portion that is bent on the connecting member and protrudes to the back side of the panel body is embedded in the back portion. The projecting portion and the panel body fixed to the projecting portion are integrally fixed to the back portion. For this reason, since a connection member also serves as an anchor, the number of parts is reduced, and a wall surface structure can be constructed at low cost.

  Moreover, this invention is characterized by the protrusion part being a fastening member which fastens a connection member to the back surface of a panel main body.

  According to this configuration, when the wall surface structure is constructed by filling the back surface of the panel body with the back portion, the protruding portion made of a fastening member such as a bolt that fastens the connecting member to the back surface of the panel body is the back surface of the panel body. The panel body which protrudes to the side and is embedded in the back portion and is fixed to the back portion, is integrally fixed to the back portion. For this reason, since the fastening member that fastens the connecting member to the back surface of the panel main body also serves as an anchor, the number of parts is reduced and the wall surface structure can be constructed at low cost.

  In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the protruding portion is engaged with a bar-shaped reinforcing member assembled on the back surface of the panel main body and buried in the back portion.

  According to this configuration, since the protruding portion is engaged with the bar-shaped reinforcing material assembled on the back surface of the panel main body and buried in the back portion, the protruding portion is simply embedded in the back portion. It is more firmly fixed to the backing part than when it is fixed. In addition, since the support material is not used when constructing the wall structure, the bar-shaped reinforcing material does not interfere with the support material, making it difficult to install the bar-shaped reinforcing material. Can be installed. In addition, when installing the bar-shaped reinforcing material on the back of the panel body, the bar-shaped reinforcing material can be easily and regularly arranged by engaging the bar-shaped reinforcing material with the protrusions installed on the back of the panel body. Moreover, the positional accuracy at the time of arrange | positioning a rod-shaped reinforcement is improved.

  In addition, the present invention provides a panel body, a back portion buried in the back surface of the panel body, and a rod-like member or a linear member inserted into an existing structure or slope on the back surface of the back portion, and the inserted rod shape The wall surface comprised from a panel main body is fixed to the front surface of an existing structure or a slope by filling a filler around a member or a linear member.

  According to this configuration, the wall surface constituted by the panel body is inserted around the panel body, the backfill portion buried in the back surface of the panel body, and the existing structure or slope on the back surface of the back surface portion. It is fixed to the existing structure or the front surface of the slope by a rod-like member or a linear member filled with a filler. For this reason, the existing structure or slope which has been aged or deformed is strongly reinforced by the inserted rod-like member or linear member. In such construction, there are many cases where the wall surface cannot be brought out to the front side, and a space between the panel body and the existing structure or slope cannot be secured. However, in this configuration, since the panel body that is engaged with each other by the engaging portion and the connecting member and stacked in a plurality of stages is self-supporting, there is not much space between the panel body and the existing structure or the slope. A wall structure can be easily constructed even at a place. Further, the panel body is fixed to the back portion more firmly than the case where the protruding portion is simply embedded and fixed in the back portion. In addition, since the support material is not used when constructing the wall surface structure, the rod-like member or the linear member inserted into the existing structure or the slope does not interfere with the support material, and the rod-like member or the linear member can be easily attached. The existing structure or slope can be reinforced by inserting into the existing structure or slope.

  In addition, the present invention is characterized in that a space is formed by being surrounded by a frame member that is formed separately from the panel body and attached to the back surface of the panel body and at least a part of the back surface of the panel body.

  According to this structure, a vegetation base material such as soil is formed in a space formed by being separated from the panel main body and surrounded by at least a part of the rear surface of the panel main body and the frame member attached to the rear surface of the panel main body. Filling and planting plants can help prevent heat islands and global warming. In addition, when the panel main body is installed in water, the space around the stone or the like can be obtained by filling the space surrounded by the frame member and the back of the panel main body with the stone material or by leaving the space. Or because the fish gather in the space and the gap or space becomes a fish nest, the underwater ecosystem where the panel body is installed is not destroyed. In addition, since the frame member and the panel main body are separate bodies, compared to a case in which these are integrated, production takes less time and is provided at a lower cost. In addition, since the frame member and the panel body are separate, the frame member can be installed only on the back side of the panel body where vegetation or fish nest functions are required, so there is no waste and it is efficient and economical. Revetment walls with typical vegetation and fish nest functions can be constructed. In addition, since the frame member can be appropriately installed at a desired place where a vegetation function or a fish nest function is required at the site where the panel body is stacked to construct the wall surface, the adaptability is high.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that a support body that is formed separately from the panel main body and is independent of the panel main body is provided extending to the back side of the panel main body.

  According to this configuration, the panel main body is made independent by the support body that is formed separately from the panel main body and extends to the back side of the panel main body. For this reason, since the panel body and the support are formed separately, the shape of the panel body becomes a simple plate shape, and compared with the case where the panel body and the support are integrated, Transportation is not time-consuming, and the cost of manufacturing and transporting the panel body is reduced.

  Further, the present invention is characterized in that the support body is provided so as to extend from a position higher than the lower end portion of the panel body to the back side thereof.

  According to this configuration, since the support extends from the position higher than the lower end of the panel body to the back side, when the panel body is constructed on the foundation such as concrete, the surface of the foundation is not flat but has undulations, etc. Even if it exists, a panel main body and a support body can be constructed on a foundation as it is, without carrying out the work of shaving the foundation surface flatly or the work of shaving the support body in accordance with the undulations of the foundation surface. In addition, since there is a predetermined gap between the support and the foundation, the support can be arbitrarily tilted with respect to the foundation according to the height of the wall and construction conditions, so use the same standardized support. The wall can have an arbitrary planned slope. As a result, a wall surface structure having a desired gradient can be constructed at low cost.

  According to the present invention, as described above, the work process for constructing the wall surface structure is simplified, so that a wall surface structure and a wall surface construction method in which the construction period is shortened and the construction cost is suppressed are provided.

(A), (b) and (c) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of a panel provided at the bottom of the wall surface structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention, (d), (e) and (F) is the top view, rear view, and side view of the panel stacked in the second and subsequent stages. FIG. 2 is a side view of a wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels stacked while filling the back surface of the panel shown in FIG. 1 with a layer of concrete. (A), (c), (e), and (g) are side surfaces of a wall surface structure showing each step of a wall surface construction method in which a plurality of panels are stacked and a wall surface is sequentially constructed while the back surface of the panel is filled with a concrete layer. Figures (b), (d), (f) and (h) are rear perspective views thereof. (I) and (k) are side views of the wall surface structure showing steps following the steps of the wall surface construction method shown in FIGS. 3 (g) and (h), (j) and (l) are rear perspective views thereof, (M) is a rear perspective view of the wall surface structure seen through the concrete of (l). It is a side view of the wall surface structure completed by the wall surface construction method shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. (A), (b), and (c) are the top view of the panel provided in the lowest step of the wall surface structure by the 1st modification of 1st Embodiment, a rear view, a side view, (d), (e) ) And (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of panels stacked in the second and subsequent stages. FIG. 7 is a side view of a wall surface structure in a process of building a plurality of panels stacked while filling the back surface of the panel shown in FIG. 6 with a concrete layer. (A), (b), and (c) are the top view of the panel provided in the lowest step of the wall surface structure by the 2nd modification of 1st Embodiment, a rear view, a side view, (d), (e) ) And (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of panels stacked in the second and subsequent stages. FIG. 9 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels stacked while filling the back surface of the panel shown in FIG. 8 with a concrete layer. (A), (b) and (c) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of a panel provided at the bottom of the wall surface structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention, (d), (e) and (F) is the top view, rear view, and side view of the panel stacked in the second and subsequent stages. FIG. 11 is a side view of a wall surface structure in a process of building a panel by stacking a plurality of stages while filling a back surface of the panel shown in FIG. It is a side view of the wall surface structure completed through the process shown in FIG. It is a side view of the wall surface structure which has arrange | positioned the two-layered reinforcing bar in the back surface of the panel by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the wall surface structure which has arrange | positioned the 1 layer of reinforcement on the back surface of the panel by the modification of 3rd Embodiment. (A), (b) and (c) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of a panel provided at the bottom of the wall surface structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, (d), (e), (F) And (g) is the completion | finish top view of the panel provided with the U-shaped holding | maintenance block stacked | stacked after the 2nd step | paragraph, the top view which shows the assembly method, a rear view, and a side view. FIG. 16 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of stacked panels while filling the back surface of the panel shown in FIG. 15 with a concrete layer. It is a side view of the wall surface structure completed through the process shown in FIG. (A), (b) and (c) are a plan view and a rear view of a panel provided with a stepped engagement portion provided at the lowest level of the wall surface structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. And (d), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel that has a stepped engagement portion that is stacked in the second and subsequent stages. FIG. 19 is a side view of a wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels stacked while filling the back surface of the panel shown in FIG. 18 with a concrete layer. (A), (b) and (c) are a top view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel provided with an engaging portion to be inserted, which is provided at the lowest stage of the wall surface structure according to the modification of the fifth embodiment. , (D), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel that has an engaging portion to be inserted, which is stacked in the second and subsequent stages. It is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panel main body by stacking a plurality of stages while filling the back surface of the panel shown in FIG. 20 with a concrete layer. (A) is a side view of a wall surface obtained by stacking a plurality of stages of the panel shown in FIG. 1 by straight line construction, (b) and (c) are side views of a wall surface stacked by a plurality of stages by curve construction, and (d) and (e ) Is a partially enlarged view of the connecting portion of the upper and lower panels shown in (b) and (c), respectively. (A), (b), and (c) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel provided with engagement portions that are spaced apart from each other and used in the wall surface structure according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. (A) is a side view of a wall surface obtained by stacking a plurality of stages of panels shown in FIG. 23 in a straight line construction, (b) and (c) are side views of a wall surface stacked in a plurality of stages by curve construction, and (d) and (e) ) Is a partially enlarged view of the connecting portion of the upper and lower panels shown in (b) and (c), respectively.

  Next, an embodiment for carrying out the wall surface structure and the wall surface construction method according to the present invention will be described.

  FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 1C are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel 1A provided at the lowest level of the wall surface structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (D), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of the panel 1B stacked in the second and subsequent stages.

  The panel body 1a constituting the panels 1A and 1B is made of concrete having a predetermined thickness (about 3 cm to 10 cm), and six insert nuts 4 are embedded on the back surface. The connecting member 2a includes a fixing portion 7a that is formed by bending a short side direction of a rectangular metal plate material in a vertical direction and protrudes from the back surface of the panel body 1a. The fixing portion 7a constitutes a protruding portion that protrudes toward the back side of the panel body 1a and is provided integrally with the connecting member 2a. The connecting member 2a is provided with holes at two locations, and one hole has a larger diameter than the outer diameter of the bolt 5a, and a female screw groove is directly cut into the other hole. The bolt 5a is inserted into one hole of the connecting member 2a, the bolt 5a is screwed into the insert nut 4 of the panel main body 1a, and tightened with the nut 3a, whereby the connecting member 2a is fixed to the back surface of the panel main body 1a. . A short bolt 5b is screwed into the other hole in which the female screw groove is directly carved. The bolt 5a constitutes a fastening member for fastening the connecting member 2a to the back surface of the panel body 1a, and protrudes from the back surface of the panel body 1a and is provided separately from the connecting member 2a and fixed to the connecting member 2a. Configure.

  As shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 2C, the two connecting members 2a of the panel 1A are provided so as to protrude upward from the upper part of the back surface of the panel body 1a. The retainer block 6 provided below the panel body 1a of the panel 1A is made of concrete and provided with holes. Bolts 5c are inserted into the holes and the bolts 5c are screwed into the insert nuts 4 of the panel body 1a, whereby the holding block 6 is fixed to the back surface of the panel body 1a. The reserve block 6 may be made of steel such as shaped steel or flat steel, and is provided to extend to the back side of the lowermost panel body 1a. The back block 6 is formed separately from the panel main body 1a and constitutes a support body that allows the panel main body 1a to stand on its own.

  As shown in FIGS. 4D, 4E, and 4F, the four connecting members 2a of the panel 1B have a pair of connecting members 2a that are located above the rear surface of the panel main body 1a by bolts 5a and nuts 3a. The other pair of connecting members 2a are provided so as to protrude downward from the lower part of the back surface of the panel body 1a.

  FIG. 2 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels 1A and 1B shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  The lowermost panel 1 </ b> A is installed with the panel main body 1 a supported on the foundation 11 by the holding block 6. The recording block 6 is provided to extend from the position higher than the lower end of the panel body 1a to the back side. Note that the spare block 6 may be provided not on the lowermost panel body 1a but on the panel body 1a of the panel 1B stacked in the second and subsequent stages. A sleeper 15 having a triangular prism shape is installed at the rear end of the back block 6, and the inclination angles of the panels 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B are adjusted according to the inclination of the surface of the foundation 11. Further, a scissor line 16 is installed at the lower end of the front surface of the lowermost panel body 1a via a wedge 17 to prevent the lowermost panel body 1a from protruding forward.

  The panels 1A and 1B protrude upward from the upper portion of the panel main body 1a and a connecting member 2a provided on the panel main body 1a supports the upper panel main body 1a, and protrudes downward from the lower portion of the panel main body 1a to be provided on the panel main body 1a. The connected member 2a is engaged with the lower panel body 1a. Between the back surface of the panel main body 1a that is engaged with each other by the connecting member 2a and stacked obliquely in a plurality of stages, and the backside crushed stone 12a, the concrete 14 constituting the backside is sequentially buried in a plurality of layers. The fixing portion 7a of the connecting member 2a is within a height range in which the panel main body 1a engaged by the connecting member 2a can face the side pressure received toward the front surface side, and the back surface thereof is filled with a layer of concrete 14 In addition, at least a part of the connecting member 2a of the upper panel body 1a is buried and fixed together with the layer.

  3 (a), (c), (e) and (g) show the wall surfaces in which the panels 1A and 1B are stacked in a plurality of stages and the walls are sequentially constructed while the back surfaces of the panels 1A and 1B are filled with a layer of concrete 14. The side view of the wall surface structure which shows each process of a construction method, the same figure (b), (d), (f) and (h) are those back perspective views. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In this wall surface construction method, first, the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1A is installed on the foundation 11, as shown in FIGS. At this time, the panel main body 1a is supported on the foundation 11 by the holding block 6 installed on the back surface of the panel main body 1a.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 4C and 4D, concrete 14a is placed on the back surface of the panel main body 1a of the lowermost panel 1A that has been installed up to about half the height of the panel main body 1a. . Thereby, the holding block 6 is fixed on the foundation 11, and the panel body 1 a of the lowermost panel 1 </ b> A is fixed to the foundation 11.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 5E and 5F, a connecting member 2a provided on the panel body 1a projecting upward from the upper portion of the panel body 1a of the lower panel 1A, and a panel of the upper panel 1B. A first step of engaging the lower panel body 1a and the upper panel body 1a with each other is performed by a connecting member 2a provided on the panel body 1a so as to protrude downward from the lower portion of the body 1a. By this step, the connecting member 2a is engaged with the upper panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1A to install the panel body 1a of the second panel 1B.

  Next, as shown in (g) and (h) in the figure, the present embodiment is within the height range in which the panel body 1a engaged by the connecting member 2a can face the side pressure received toward the surface side. Then, up to the height of the upper end of the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1A, the back surface of the panel 1A is filled with a layer of concrete 14b, and protrudes to the back side of the panel body 1a of the upper panel 1B so as to protrude to the upper panel body 1a. A second step of filling and fixing at least a part of the fixing portion 7a provided integrally with the connecting member 2a together with the layer is performed. Here, the fixing portion 7a of the connecting member 2a of the panel main body 1a of the second-stage panel 1B protruding from the back surface is buried in the concrete 14b, so that it serves as an anchor body, and the panel main body 1a of the upper panel 1B is lower. It is fixed to the panel 1A and the concrete 14b and does not fall to the front side. It should be noted that the height of the concrete 14 placed on the back surface of the panel main body 1a engaged by the connecting member 2a is as shown in FIGS. Although it is the height of the upper end part of the lower panel main body 1a which does not receive the side pressure from the concrete 14, you may make it the height which at least one part of the volt | bolt 5a of the upper panel main body 1a is buried. In this case, the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a engaged by the connecting member 2a are more firmly fixed to the concrete 14b by the fixing portions 7a and the bolts 5a.

  FIGS. 4 (i) and (k) are side views of the wall surface structure showing steps following the steps of the wall surface construction method shown in FIGS. 3 (g) and 3 (h), and FIGS. It is a rear perspective view. The figure (m) is a back perspective view of the wall surface structure seen through the concrete 14 and 14c of the figure (l). In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  After placing the concrete 14 on the back surface of the panel 1A, the first step described above is then repeated, and the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1B, as shown in FIGS. In the upper stage, the connecting member 2a is engaged, and the panel body 1a of the third-stage panel 1B is installed.

  Next, the second step described above is repeated, and the concrete 14c is struck to the height of the upper end portion of the panel body 1a of the second-stage panel 1B as shown in FIGS. (K), (l), and (m). Established. In addition, in the pre-process of the 1st, 2nd process shown to FIG.3 (c), (d), you may make it the structure which does not cast concrete 14a at once, but divides it into multiple times. . Also, in the second step shown in FIGS. 3 (g) and (h) and the second step shown in FIGS. 4 (k), (l) and (m), the concretes 14b and 14c are placed once. Instead of doing so, it may be configured to be placed in multiple times. For example, when placing concrete 14c in the second step shown in FIGS. 4 (k), (l), and (m), the concrete is first placed up to half the height of concrete 14c, and then in the next step. You may make it the structure which casts concrete to the height of the concrete 14c.

  FIG. 5 shows the above-described construction in which the first step and the second step described above are repeated to build the wall surface by stacking the panels 1A and 1B obliquely in a plurality of stages while filling the back surfaces of the panels 1A and 1B with a layer of concrete 14. It is a side view of the wall surface structure completed by the wall surface construction method. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  A suction prevention sheet 21 is provided at a predetermined location of the backside crushed stone 12a, and a drain pipe 22 is installed with an open end in contact with the sheet 21. The sheet 21 serves to prevent stones, gravel, and the like in the backside crushed stone 12 a from flowing into the drainage pipe 22. Groundwater that has flowed into the backside crushed stone 12a from a natural ground, slope, or embankment (such as natural ground) flows into the drainage pipe 22 through the sheet 21, and is discharged to the surface side of the panels 1A and 1B.

  FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel 1C that is provided at the lowest stage of the wall surface structure according to the first modification of the first embodiment described above. . (D), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of the panel body 1D that is stacked in the second and subsequent stages. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  The connecting member 2a of the above-described embodiment is configured to include the fixing portion 7a that is bent into an L shape in the short side direction of the plate material, but the connecting member 2b of the present modification is shown in FIG. , (F) includes a fixing portion 7b that is bent into a U shape in the long side direction of the plate material. The connecting member 2b is fastened to the back surface of the panel main body 1a by bolts 5d. In the lowermost panel 1C, as shown in FIGS. Protrusively provided. In the second and subsequent panels 1D, the connecting member 2b is provided so as to protrude upward and downward from the upper and lower portions of the panel main body 1a, as shown in FIGS. (D), (e), and (f). .

  FIG. 7 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up a plurality of stacked panels 1C and 1D shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  Even in this structure, when the concrete 14 is placed at a height up to the upper end of the panel body 1a of the panel 1C, a part of the fixing portion 7b provided on the connecting member 2b below the panel body 1a of the upper panel 1D. Are also buried. For this reason, when placing a layer of concrete 14c on the back of the panel body 1a of the upper panel 1D, the panel body 1a does not fall to the front side due to the side pressure of the concrete 14c.

  FIGS. 8A, 8B, and 8C are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel 1E that is provided at the bottom of the wall surface structure according to the second modification of the first embodiment described above. . (D), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of the panel 1F stacked in the second and subsequent stages. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  In the modification shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the connecting member 2b having the fixing portion 7b is provided on both the upper and lower portions of the panel body 1a of the panel 1D in the second and subsequent stages. In the example, the connecting member 2b provided with the fixing portion 7b is provided only in the lower portion of the panel body 1a of the second and subsequent panels 1F, and the upper portion of the panel body 1a has a flat plate shape without the fixing portion 7b. A connecting member 2c is provided protruding upward. As shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C, the lowermost panel 1E has a connecting member 2c fixed to the upper portion of the panel main body 1a with bolts 5a. Further, in the second and subsequent panels 1F, as shown in FIGS. 4D, 4E, and 5F, a connecting member 2b having a fixing portion 7b is provided at the lower portion of the panel body 1a by a bolt 5d. The connecting member 2c is fixed to the upper part of the panel main body 1a by bolts 5d.

  FIG. 9 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels 1E and 1F shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  In this modification, the connecting member 2b provided with the fixing part 7b is fixed only to the lower part of each panel body 1a, so that the connecting member 2b provided with the fixing part 7b is fixed to both the upper part and the lower part of the panel body 1a. Compared with the wall surface structure shown in FIG. 7, the cost is reduced.

  According to the wall surface structure and the wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment as described above, the height at which the upper and lower panel bodies 1a engaged by the connecting members 2a, 2b, and 2c can face the side pressure received toward the surface side. When the back surface is filled with a layer of concrete 14, the fixing portions 7a and 7b provided integrally with the connecting members 2a and 2b of the upper panel body 1a or the bolt 5a provided fixedly are provided. At least a portion of is buried and fixed with the layer. For this reason, the lower panel body 1a and the upper panel body 1a are engaged with each other by the connecting members 2a, 2b, 2c to stack the panel body 1a, and the back surfaces of the stacked upper and lower panel bodies 1a are layered with concrete 14 When filling, only the work of filling the back of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a with a layer of concrete 14 is performed, and the upper panel main body 1a is fixed to the concrete 14 by the fixing portions 7a, 7b or bolts 5a provided on the connecting members 2a, 2b. Therefore, the conventional work process of attaching one end of the anchor to the coupling piece so as to be swingable and installing the other end of the anchor in the backfilling layer of the backfill concrete becomes unnecessary. Further, when constructing the wall surface structure, the panel main bodies 1a are engaged with each other by the connecting members 2a, 2b, and 2c so that they are self-supporting. The work process to do becomes unnecessary. As a result, the work process for constructing the wall surface structure is simplified, so that the construction period is shortened and the construction cost is suppressed. Moreover, since the panel main body 1a engaged with each other by the connecting members 2a, 2b, and 2c and stacked in multiple stages is self-supporting, the thickness of the concrete 14 buried in the back surface of the panel main body 1a can be freely adjusted. Therefore, the wall surface structure can be easily constructed even in a narrow place where there is not much space for securing the thickness of the concrete 14.

  In the present embodiment, when the wall surface structure is constructed by filling the back surface of the panel main body 1a with the concrete 14, the connecting portions 2a and 2b are bent and protruded to the back side of the panel main body 1a. Is embedded in the concrete 14, and the fixed portions 7 a and 7 b and the panel body 1 a fixed to the fixed portions 7 a and 7 b are integrally fixed to the concrete 14. For this reason, since the connecting members 2a and 2b also serve as anchors, the number of parts is reduced, and the wall surface structure can be constructed at low cost.

  Further, when the projecting portion is not the fixed portion 7a, 7b but the bolt 5a, the bolt 5a for fastening the connecting members 2a, 2b to the back surface of the panel body 1a also serves as an anchor. The wall surface structure can be constructed at low cost.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the panel main body 1a is made to stand by the stand-off block 6 formed separately from the panel main body 1a and extending to the back side of the panel main body 1a. For this reason, since the panel main body 1a and the holding block 6 are formed separately, the shape of the panel main body 1a becomes a simple plate shape, compared with the case where the panel main body 1a and the holding block 6 are integrated, The production and transportation of the panel body 1a is not time-consuming, and the manufacturing and transportation costs of the panel body 1a are reduced.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since the holding block 6 is extended from the position higher than the lower end part of the panel main body 1a to the back side, when installing the panel main body 1a on the foundations 11, such as concrete, the panel installation of the foundation 11 is carried out. Even if the surface is not flat and there are undulations etc., the panel body 1a and the refrigeration block 6 can be used as they are without the work of cutting the surface of the foundation 11 flatly or the operation of cutting the refrigeration block 6 in accordance with the undulation of the surface of the foundation 11 11 can be constructed. In addition, since there is a predetermined interval between the holding block 6 and the foundation 11, the holding block 6 can be arbitrarily tilted with respect to the foundation 11 in accordance with the height of the wall surface and construction conditions. The block 6 can be used to give the wall a desired planned slope. As a result, a wall surface structure having a desired gradient can be constructed at low cost.

  In the present embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, two connecting members 2a are provided so as to protrude upward from the upper part of the back surface of the panel main body 1a, and the two connecting members 2a are provided on the panel main body 1a. However, the connection member 2a provided to protrude upward from the upper part of the back surface of the panel body 1a and the connection provided to protrude downward from the lower part of the back surface of the panel body 1a are provided. The number of members 2a is not limited to two, but may be one or three or more.

  FIGS. 10A, 10B, and 10C are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel main body 1G that is provided at the lowest stage of the wall surface structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention. (D), (e) and (f) are a plan view, a rear view and a side view of the panel 1H stacked in the second and subsequent stages. In the figure, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG.

  In the first embodiment, the bolt 5a for fixing the connecting member 2a to the back surface of the panel body 1a has a hexagonal columnar head. However, in this embodiment, the connecting member 2a is connected to the back surface of the panel body 1a in the panel 1G. The bolt 5e to be fixed to the head is provided with a plate-like plate perpendicular to the axis of the bolt 5e. Moreover, it replaces with the reservation block 6 and the volt | bolt 5e comprises the support body. The hole at the tip of the connecting member 2a is welded with a nut 3b instead of being cut with a female thread groove, and a bolt 5b is screwed into the nut 3b. In the panel 1H, the connecting member 2a is fixed to the back surface of the panel main body 1a by bolts 5d. A hole 33 is provided in the center of the panel body 1a.

  FIG. 11 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building a plurality of panels 1G and 1H stacked with the rod-shaped member 31 penetrating while filling the back surface of the panels 1G and 1H shown in FIG. is there. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 10 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the present embodiment, when the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1G is installed on the front side of the unstable or deformed slope 12b, the plate-like plate of the four bolts 5e is the slope. The bottom panel 1G is stabilized by grounding to the front surface of 12b and hitting the wedge 17 on the lower end of the front surface of the panel body 1a. After the panel body 1a of the panel 1G is installed, the concrete 14 is placed to the lower level of the hole 33 at the center of the panel body 1a of the panel 1G to fix the panel 1G. Then, the slope 12b on the back surface is drilled from the hole 33 of the panel body 1a to a predetermined depth (for example, about 3 m to 10 m) with a boring machine. Thereafter, a rod-shaped member 31 such as a steel bar is inserted into the drilled hole, and a filler 32 such as grout is filled and fixed around the inserted rod-shaped member 31. Thereafter, the first step of engaging the panel main body 1a of the panel 1H with the connecting member 2a is performed on the upper stage, and then the concrete 14 is placed to the height of the upper end of the panel main body 1a of the lower panel 1G. By performing two steps and thereafter repeating these steps, a wall surface structure composed of the panels 1G and 1H is constructed on the front surface of the slope 12b. In addition, the step of inserting the above-described drilling and bar-shaped member 31 is not limited to the above-described order, and is performed before each first step, after each second step, and after the panel body 1a is installed in all stages. May be.

  FIG. 12 is a side view of the wall surface structure completed through the process shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  According to the wall surface structure and the wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment, the wall surface constituted by the panel body 1a is inserted into the panel body 1a, the concrete 14, and the slope 12b, and is filled with the filler 32 around. The rod-shaped member 31 is fixed to the front surface of the slope 12b. For this reason, the unstable slope 12b is strongly reinforced by the inserted rod-shaped member 31. In such construction, there are many cases where the wall surface cannot be brought out to the front side, and a space between the panel main body 1a and the slope 12b cannot be secured. However, in the present embodiment, the panel body 1a that is engaged with each other by the connecting member 2a and stacked in a plurality of stages is self-supporting, so even in a narrow place where there is not much space between the panel body 1a and the slope 12b, A wall surface structure can be easily constructed. Further, the panel body 1a is more firmly fixed to the concrete 14 and the slope 12b than when the fixing portion 7a of the connecting member 2a constituting the protruding portion is simply embedded and fixed in the concrete 14. In addition, since no support material is used when constructing the wall surface structure, the rod-shaped member 31 inserted into the slope 12b does not interfere with the support material, and the rod-shaped member 31 can be easily inserted into the slope 12b. 12b can be reinforced.

  When drilling the concrete 14 or the like with a boring machine, the rod-shaped member 31 itself may be a drill to drill the hole itself. Further, instead of the rod-shaped member 31, a linear member such as a wire made of PC steel may be inserted into the panel main body 1a, the concrete 14, and the slope 12b to reinforce the slope 12b. In this embodiment, the wall surface structure including the panels 1G and 1H is formed on the front surface of the slope 12b. However, a similar wall surface structure is formed on the front surface of an existing structure such as a concrete retaining wall. May be.

  FIG. 13 is a side view of a wall surface structure in which two layers of reinforcing bars 41 are arranged on the back surfaces of the panels 1A and 1B according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  When installing the panels 1A and 1B on the front surface of the aged or deformed retaining wall 12c constituting the existing structure, a retaining wall is provided on the back surface of the panels 1A and 1B in order to construct a high-strength wall structure. Reinforcing bars 41 constituting a rod-shaped reinforcing material for reinforcing 12c are provided. The bolt 5a constituting the protruding portion that fastens the connecting member 2a to the back surface of the panel main body 1a is engaged with the reinforcing bar 41 assembled on the back surface of the panel main body 1a and buried in the concrete 14.

  When constructing the wall surface, the horizontal reinforcing bar 41c is fixed to the vertical reinforcing bars 41a and 41b on the back surface of the panel 1a, and the tip of the bolt 5a on the back surface of the panel body 1a is engaged with the vertical reinforcing bar 41a or the horizontal reinforcing bar 41c. A wall surface is constructed by placing concrete 14. Instead of the bolt 5a, the fixing portion 7a of the connecting member 2a shown in FIG. 1 or the fixing portion 7b of the connecting member 2b shown in FIG.

  FIG. 14 is a side view of a wall surface structure in which a single-layer reinforcing bar 42 is arranged on the back surface of panels 1A and 1B according to a modification of the third embodiment. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  The reinforcing bar 42 is provided on the front surface of the deformed and unstable masonry retaining wall 12d constituting the existing structure, and is engaged with the tip of the bolt 5a that fastens the connecting member 2a to the back surface of the panel body 1a. Yes.

  According to the wall surface structure and the wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment, the bolt 5a is engaged with the reinforcing bars 41 and 42 assembled on the back surface of the panel body 1a and buried in the concrete 14, and thus the panel body 1a. The bolt 5a and the fixing portions 7a and 7b are more firmly fixed to the concrete 14 than when the bolts 5a and the fixing portions 7a and 7b are simply embedded in the concrete 14 and fixed. Further, since the support material is not used when constructing the wall structure, the rebars 41 and 42 do not interfere with the support material and it becomes difficult to construct the rebars 41 and 42, and the rebar is easily attached to the back surface of the panel body 1a. 41 and 42 can be installed. Further, when the reinforcing bars 41 and 42 are installed on the back surface of the panel body 1a, the reinforcing bars 41 and 42 are easily and regularly engaged by engaging with the bolts 5a and the fixing portions 7a and 7b installed on the back surface of the panel body 1a. The rebars 41 and 42 can be disposed on the top, and the positional accuracy when the rebars 41 and 42 are disposed is improved.

  FIGS. 15A, 15B, and 15C are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel main body 1I that is provided at the lowest stage of the wall surface structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. (D), (e), (f), and (g) are a completed plan view, an assembled plan view, a rear view, and a panel 1J having a U-shaped back block 51 that are stacked in the second and subsequent stages. It is a side view. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C, a connecting member 2a having a fixing portion 7a is fixed to the back surface of the panel body 1a of the lowermost panel 1I by a long bolt 5f. ing. Further, as shown in FIGS. 4D, 4E, 5F, and 5G, a flat plate-shaped connecting member 2c is provided on the back surface of the panel body 1a of the panel 1J stacked in the second and subsequent stages. It is fixed by a bolt 5f. Further, a notch 53 is provided at the center of the upper end of the panel body 1a of the panel 1J stacked in the second and subsequent stages.

  The U-shaped retainer block 51 constituting the frame member is made of concrete molded into a U-shape. As shown in FIG. 5E, the connection pin 52 is connected to the panel body 1a and the U-shaped retainer block. By inserting the plastic insert holes 51 into the plastic insert holes, the U-shaped retaining block 51 is fixed to the back surface of the panel body 1a. By this fixing, a space 54 shown in FIG. 4D is surrounded by a U-shaped holding block 51 that is formed separately from the panel body 1a and attached to the back surface of the panel body 1a, and at least a part of the back surface of the panel body 1a. Is formed.

  FIG. 16 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panels 1I and 1J by stacking a plurality of stages while filling the back surface of the panels 1I and 1J shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 15 and FIG.

  Also in this embodiment, when the connection member 2a, 2c is engaged and the first process described above in which the panel body 1a is stacked is performed, and the back surface of the lower panel body 1a is filled with the layer of concrete 14, the upper stage The wall surface is constructed by performing the above-described second step in which a part of the bolt 5f protruding below the panel body 1a is buried together with the layer. Since the panel body 1a and the U-shaped stay block 51 are firmly fixed to each other by the concrete 14 to be placed, the connection between the U-shaped stay block 51 and the panel body 1a is made of a plastic connecting pin 52. Simple connection using is necessary.

  FIG. 17 is a side view of the wall surface structure completed through the process shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  As shown in the figure, when this wall surface is constructed as a revetment wall of the river 55, it is configured in consideration of the environment. That is, by filling the space 54 of the U-shaped storage block 51 with a vegetation base material such as soil, it is possible to add a greening function of the plant 56. In this case, the plant 56 grows from the soil of the space 54 of the U-shaped holding block 51 toward the front surface of the panel main body 1a through the notch 53 at the top of the panel main body 1a. Further, by filling the space 54 of the U-shaped stay block 51 with the stone material 57, the fish 58 gathers around the stone material 57 in the stay block 51 and in the space 54 through the notch 53.

  According to such a wall surface structure and a wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment, the U-shaped holding block 51 that is formed separately from the panel body 1a and attached to the back surface thereof, and at least a part of the back surface of the panel body 1a. By filling the space 54 formed by filling a vegetation base material such as soil and planting the plant 56, it is possible to contribute to prevention of heat island and global warming. Moreover, in the location where the panel main body 1a is installed in the water, the space 54 surrounded by the U-shaped recording block 51 and the back surface of the panel main body 1a is filled with a stone material 57 or the like, or the space 54 is left as it is. By doing so, the fish 58 gathers in the gap or space 54 around the stone 57 and the like, and the gap or space 54 becomes a fish nest, so that the underwater ecosystem in which the panel body 1a is installed is not destroyed. Further, since the U-shaped holding block 51 and the panel main body 1a are separate bodies, compared to a case in which these are integrated, the production is not troublesome and it is provided at a low cost. Further, since the U-shaped holding block 51 and the panel body 1a are separate, the U-shaped holding block 51 can be installed only on the back surface of the panel body 1a where a vegetation function or a fish nest function is required. Therefore, it is possible to construct a revetment wall that has efficient and economical vegetation function and fish nest function without waste. Moreover, since the U-shaped refusal block 51 can be suitably installed in the desired place where a vegetation function or a fish nest function is required at the site where the panel body 1a is stacked to construct a wall surface, the adaptability is high.

  18 (a), (b) and (c) are plan views of a panel 1K provided with a stepped engagement portion 61a provided at the lowest level of the wall surface structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure, a rear view, and a side view. (D), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of the panel 1L that includes the engaging portions 61a that are stepped and stacked in the second and subsequent stages. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  The panels 1K and 1L are engaged with the upper and lower panel main bodies 1b by engaging the steps of the engaging portions 61a attached to the upper and lower parts of the panel main body 1b. The lowermost panel 1K does not include a connecting member as shown in FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C, and a bolt 5g projects from the back surface of the panel body 1b. Further, in the panel 1L stacked after the second stage, as shown in FIGS. 4D, 4E, and 2F, the connecting member 2d is fixed to the lower portion of the panel body 1b by bolts 5g. The connecting member 2d includes a fixing portion 7c that is bent into an L shape in the long side direction. The fixing portion 7c constitutes a protruding portion that protrudes toward the back side of the panel body 1b and is provided integrally with the connecting member 2d. In addition, you may comprise this protrusion part with the volt | bolt 5g provided by fixing to the connection member 2d separately.

  FIG. 19 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panels 1K and 1L by stacking a plurality of stages while filling the back surfaces of the panels 1K and 1L shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. 18 and FIG.

  The connecting member 2d protrudes downward from the lower portion of the panel body 1b and engages with the lower panel body 1b. The panels 1K and 1L are engaged with each other by the connecting member 2d and the engaging portion 61a and stacked in a slanted manner in a plurality of stages, and a plurality of layers of concrete 14 are sequentially buried in the back surface of the panel body 1b.

  When the wall surface is constructed by the panels 1K and 1L, the step is attached to the upper engaging portion 61a of the panel body 1b of the lower panel 1K and the lower engaging portion 61a of the panel body 1b of the upper panel 1L. When the connecting member 2d provided so as to protrude downward from the lower portion of the panel body 1b of the upper panel 1L is engaged with the panel body 1b of the lower panel 1K, A first step is performed in which the lower panel body 1b is engaged. Next, within the height range in which the panel main body 1b engaged by the engaging portion 61a and the connecting member 2d can be opposed to the side pressure received toward the front surface side, in this embodiment, the back surface of the panel main body 1b reaches the height of the panel 1K. Is embedded with a layer of concrete 14 and protrudes toward the back side of the panel body 1b of the upper panel 1L so that at least a part of the fixing portion 7c provided integrally with the connecting member 2d of the upper panel body 1b is made of the concrete 14. A second step is performed in which the layer is buried and fixed together. Thereafter, the first step and the second step are repeated, and the wall surface is constructed by stacking the panel body 1b obliquely in a plurality of stages while filling the back surface of the panel body 1b with a layer of concrete 14.

  20 (a), (b) and (c) are panels provided with an engaging part 61b into which a pin member 71 is inserted, which is provided at the lowest stage of the wall surface structure according to the modification of the fifth embodiment. It is the top view of 1M, a rear view, and a side view. (D), (e), and (f) are a plan view, a rear view, and a side view of a panel 1N provided with an engaging portion 61b into which the pin member 71 is inserted, which are stacked in the second and subsequent stages. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  The engaging portion 61b is formed by making holes in the upper part of the panel body 1c of the panel 1M and the upper and lower parts of the panel body 1c of the panel 1N. In the panels 1M and 1N, the pin member 71 is inserted into the upper and lower engaging portions 61b of the panel main body 1c, and the upper and lower panel main bodies 1c are engaged. In addition, although the pin member 71 of this embodiment is formed so that attachment or detachment is possible to the panel main body 1c, the structure which cannot be removed once inserted may be sufficient.

  FIG. 21 is a side view of the wall surface structure in the process of building up the panels 1M and 1N by stacking a plurality of stages while filling the back surfaces of the panels 1M and 1N shown in FIG. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIGS. 20 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  In the panels 1M and 1N, the connecting member 2d and the pin member 71 are used together, and the upper and lower panel main bodies 1c are engaged with each other. For this reason, the pin member 71 and the insertion hole of the engaging portion 61b may have a simple structure because a large force is not applied. That is, the pin member 71 may be thin and short, and when creating the insertion hole of the engaging portion 61b, it is necessary to use a metal or a plastic sheath for providing the insertion hole when the panel body 1c is concrete-molded. Absent. Therefore, the cost of creating the insertion holes for the pin member 71 and the engaging portion 61b is reduced. Note that the diameter of the insertion hole of the engaging portion 61b may be large enough to allow adjustment of the standing of the panel body 1c. Further, when installing the panel body 1c on the upper surface of the foundation 11 provided with an inclination, the panel body 1c of the lowermost panel 1M can be easily installed on the upper surface of the foundation 11 using the pin member 71 as shown in the figure. You can also.

  According to the wall surface structure and the wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment, the side pressure received by the upper and lower panel bodies 1b and 1c engaged by the engaging portions 61a and 61b and the connecting member 2d toward the surface side. In the present embodiment, when the back surface is filled with a layer of concrete 14 up to the height of the panel bodies 1b and 1c, in the present embodiment, it is integrated with the connecting member 2d of the upper panel bodies 1b and 1c. At least part of the provided fixing portion 7c is buried and fixed together with the layer. For this reason, the lower panel main bodies 1b and 1c and the upper panel main bodies 1b and 1c are engaged with each other by the engaging portions 61a and 61b and the connecting member 2d, and the panel main bodies 1b and 1c are stacked. When the backs of 1b and 1c are filled with a layer of concrete 14, the upper panel bodies 1b and 1c are provided on the connecting member 2d simply by filling the backs of the upper and lower panel bodies 1b and 1c with a layer of concrete 14. Since it is fixed to the layer of the concrete 14 by the fixed part 7c, the one end of the anchor is swingably attached to the conventional connecting piece, and the other end of the anchor is installed in the placing layer of the backfill concrete. The work process to do becomes unnecessary. Further, when constructing the wall surface structure, the panel main bodies 1b and 1c are engaged with each other by the engaging portions 61a and 61b and the connecting member 2d so as to be self-supporting, so that a support material for supporting the panel main bodies 1b and 1c is required. This eliminates the need for a work process for constructing the support material. As a result, the work process for constructing the wall surface structure is simplified, so that the construction period is shortened and the construction cost is suppressed. Further, since the connecting member 2d is provided only on one of the lower sides of the panel bodies 1b and 1c, the number of parts constituting the wall surface is reduced, and the construction cost for constructing the wall surface is suppressed. Moreover, since the panel main bodies 1b and 1c engaged with each other by the engaging portions 61a and 61b and the connecting member 2d and stacked in a plurality of stages are self-supporting, the thickness of the concrete 14 buried in the back surface of the panel main bodies 1b and 1c is reduced. Can be adjusted freely. Therefore, the wall surface structure can be easily constructed even in a narrow place where there is not much space for securing the thickness of the concrete 14. As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, when the steps of the engaging portions 61ba attached to the upper and lower parts of the panel body 1b are engaged, the upper panel body 1b and the lower panel body 1b Since the water-stopping property is improved by the meshing between the two, it is possible to prevent the back portion constituting material such as the concrete 14 buried in the back surface of the panel body 1b from flowing out to the front surface of the panel body 1b.

  In each of the above embodiments, the configuration of the wall surface in which the panel main bodies 1a to 1c are stacked in a plurality of stages by the straight line construction in which the wall surface becomes flat and does not enter and exit has been described. However, the fifth embodiment and its modifications are excluded. In each embodiment, you may make it the structure of the wall surface which piled up the panel main body in multiple steps by the curve construction in which a wall surface curves and comes in and out.

  22A is a side view of a wall surface obtained by stacking a plurality of stages of the panel 1B shown in FIG. 1 by linear construction, and FIGS. 22B and C are side views of a wall surface obtained by stacking a plurality of stages by curve construction. (D) and (e) are partially enlarged views of the connecting portion of the upper and lower panels 1B shown in FIGS. (B) and (c), respectively. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG. The panel 1B shown in the figure has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment described above, except for a structure in which a nut 3b is welded to the connecting member 2a.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, when the panel main body 1a is stacked by straight construction, the lower panel main body 1a and the upper panel main body 1a are flush with each other, and the entrance and exit between the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a occurs. There is no.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4B, the panel 1a is stacked by curve construction, and as shown in FIG. 4D, the upper panel body 1a protrudes from the lower panel body 1a to the surface side of the wall surface. In this case, the lower panel body 1a and the upper panel body 1a are not flush with each other, and the upper and lower panel bodies 1a are moved in and out, and the end of the connecting member 2a provided on the upper panel body 1a is It tends to collide with the lower panel body 1a. However, the connecting member 2a is formed so that the upper and lower ends of the panel body 1a are thin, so that the engaging surface 82a that engages with the adjacent panel body 1a is in the state of linear construction shown in FIG. The adjacent panel main body 1a is provided with a predetermined interval 81a. Therefore, in the curved construction shown in FIG. 5B, the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a are adjusted by adjusting the panel main body 1a so that the front end of the bolt 5b provided at the front end of the connecting member 2a is retracted. Without colliding, the end of the connecting member 2a provided on the upper panel body 1a can be engaged with the back surface of the lower panel body 1a via the bolt 5b, so that the panel body 1a can be stacked without any trouble.

  Moreover, as shown in the figure (c), the panel main body 1a is piled up by curve construction, and as shown in the figure (e), the lower panel main body 1a protrudes from the upper panel main body 1a to the surface side of the wall surface. In the case where there is, entry / exit occurs between the upper and lower panel bodies 1a. However, as described above, the connecting member 2a is formed so that the upper and lower end portions of the panel body 1a are thin, so that the engaging surface 82a that engages with the adjacent panel body 1a is a straight line shown in FIG. In the construction state, the adjacent panel body 1a is provided so as to have a predetermined interval 81a. Therefore, the curve construction shown in FIG. Will be wobbled. However, the end of the connecting member 2a provided on the upper panel body 1a is adjusted by adjusting the panel body 1a so that the tip of the bolt 5b provided at the tip of the connecting member 2a protrudes. It is possible to engage with the back surface of the lower panel body 1a via the bolt 5b. For this reason, even when the predetermined interval 81a becomes larger in the curve construction, the upper and lower panel bodies 1a can be fixed without wobbling, and the panel bodies 1a can be stacked.

  In addition, when the panel main body 1a is piled up by curve construction as shown in the same figure (b) and the same figure (c), even if it is the structure without the bolt 5b, curve construction is possible because the predetermined interval 81a is open. It becomes possible.

  Further, here, in the relationship between the end of the connecting member 2a provided on the upper panel body 1a and the lower panel body 1a, in FIGS. In FIGS. 3C and 3E, it has been described that the gap between the two is increased and the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a are prevented from wobbling. However, conversely, in the relationship between the end of the connecting member 2a provided on the lower panel body 1a and the upper panel body 1a, the predetermined distance between the two is increased in FIGS. Thus, the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a are prevented from wobbling, and in the same figure (c) and (e), the two are prevented from approaching and colliding with each other.

  As described above, when the panel main body 1a is stacked in a curved construction in which the wall surface is arcuate, the panel main body 1a stacked in the lower stage and the panel main body 1a stacked in the upper stage are not one surface, but the front side of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1a. The panel main body 1a enters and exits between the rear side and the rear side. However, as described above, the engaging surface 82a of the connecting member 2a that engages with the adjacent panel main body 1a is in a straight construction state shown in FIG. Since it is provided in such a way as to pierce, the panel main body 1a adjacent to the engaging surface 82a of the connecting member 2a by the preliminarily provided gap and bolt 5b in the curved construction shown in FIGS. The panel main body 1a can be stacked with good working efficiency by curve construction without colliding with each other or without wobbling. As a result, by aligning the upper and lower panel bodies as in the past, it is possible to install the panel body by curving construction without constructing the interstitial concrete in the gap between the panel bodies and without processing the panel body into a trapezoid. It becomes possible to stack 1a efficiently. For this reason, the construction period which builds a wall surface structure is shortened, and construction cost is suppressed.

  FIGS. 23 (a), (b) and (c) are panels having engagement portions 61c which are used in the second and subsequent stages of the wall surface structure according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention and are spaced apart from each other. It is the top view of 1P, a rear view, and a side view. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  The panel 1P is provided with engaging portions 61c having steps at the upper end and the lower end of the panel body 1d. The engaging portion 61c is engaged with the adjacent panel body 1d by the engaging surface 82c. The engaging portion 61c at the lower end of the panel body 1d is provided with a bolt 5h for engaging the engaging surface 82c with the adjacent panel body 1d. Further, a bolt 5a protrudes and is screwed to the panel body 1d on the upper rear surface of the connecting member 2a of the panel body 1d. Further, since the adjusting member 83 is inserted between the panel body 1d and the connecting member 2a, a predetermined interval 81c is provided between the panel body 1d and the connecting member 2a. Therefore, the engagement surface of the connecting member 2a that engages with the adjacent panel body 1d has a predetermined distance from the adjacent panel body 1d.

  FIG. 24A is a side view of a wall surface obtained by stacking a plurality of stages of the panel 1P shown in FIG. 23 by linear construction, and FIGS. 24B and FIG. (D) and (e) are partially enlarged views of the connecting portion of the upper and lower panels 1P shown in (b) and (c), respectively. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.

  When the panel body 1d is piled up by curve construction as shown in FIG. 4B, and the upper panel body 1d protrudes from the lower panel body 1d to the surface side of the wall surface as shown in FIG. Entry / exit occurs between the upper and lower panel main bodies 1d, and the upper and lower panel main bodies 1d and the end of the connecting member 2a provided on the upper panel main body 1d tend to collide with the lower panel main body 1d. . However, the engaging portion 61c has an engaging surface 82c that engages with the adjacent panel main body 1d so as to have a predetermined interval 81b from the adjacent panel main body 1d in the straight construction state shown in FIG. It is provided so that a predetermined interval 81c is also provided between the panel body 1d and the engaging surface of the connecting member 2a. Therefore, in the curve construction shown in FIG. 5B, the upper and lower panel main bodies 1d can be engaged with each other without adjusting the upper and lower panel main bodies 1d by adjusting the bolts 5b and 5h so that the tips of the bolts 5b and 5h are retracted. The engaging surface 82c of the part 61c is engaged with the engaging surface 82c of the engaging part 61c of the adjacent panel body 1d, and the end of the connecting member 2a of the upper panel body 1d is placed on the back surface of the lower panel body 1d. The panel main body 1d can be piled up without any trouble.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6C, the panel body 1d is stacked by curve construction, and as shown in FIG. 5E, the lower panel body 1d protrudes from the upper panel body 1d to the surface side of the wall surface. In the same manner, the entrance / exit occurs between the upper and lower panel bodies 1d. However, in the straight construction state shown in FIG. 5A, the engaging portion 61c has an engaging surface 82c that engages with the adjacent panel main body 1d so that a predetermined interval 81b is provided between the adjacent panel main body 1d. Since the predetermined interval 81c is also provided between the panel body 1d and the engaging surface of the connecting member 2a, the curve construction shown in FIG. The panel body 1d will be wobbled. However, the engaging surface 82c of the engaging portion 61c is vertically adjusted so that the front ends of the bolts 5b and 5h protrude so that the front end of the engaging portion 61c of the panel main body 1d adjacent to each other. It is possible to engage the engaging surface 82c via the bolt 5h and to engage the end of the connecting member 2a of the upper panel body 1d with the rear surface of the lower panel body 1d via the bolt 5b. For this reason, even when the predetermined intervals 81b and 81c become larger in the curve construction, the upper and lower panel bodies 1d can be fixed without wobbling and the panel body 1d can be stacked.

  In addition, when the panel main body 1d is piled up by curve construction as shown in the same figure (b) and the same figure (c), even if it is a structure without the bolts 5b and 5h, the predetermined intervals 81b and 81c described above are open. Curve construction is possible.

  As described above, when the panel main body 1d is stacked in a curved construction in which the wall surface is arcuate, the panel main body 1d stacked in the lower stage and the panel main body 1d stacked in the upper stage are not one surface, but the front side of the upper and lower panel main bodies 1d. The panel main body 1d enters and exits between the rear side and the rear side. However, the engaging surface 82c of the engaging portion 61c provided with the step is engaged with the adjacent panel main body 1d in the straight construction state shown in FIG. 81b is provided so that it is adjacent to the engaging surface 82c of the engaging portion 61c by the preliminarily provided gap and the bolts 5b and 5h in the curved construction shown in FIGS. The panel main body 1d can be stacked with good work efficiency by curving without causing the panel main body 1d to collide or wobble. As a result, by aligning the upper and lower panel bodies as in the past, it is possible to install the panel body by curving construction without constructing the interstitial concrete in the gap between the panel bodies and without processing the panel body into a trapezoid. It becomes possible to stack 1d efficiently. For this reason, the construction period which builds a wall surface structure is shortened, and construction cost is suppressed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1A-1P ... Panel 1a-1d ... Panel main body 2a-2d ... Connecting member 5a-5h ... Bolt 6 ... Retaining block 7a-7c ... Fixed part 12a ... Back crushed stone 12b ... Slope 12c ... Retaining wall 12d ... Masonry retaining wall 14, 14a, 14b, 14c ... concrete 31 ... bar-like member 32 ... filler 41, 42 ... reinforcing bar 51 ... U-shaped holding block 54 ... space 61a-61c ... engagement part 71 ... pin member 81a-81c ... predetermined spacing 82a, 82c ... engaging surface

Claims (13)

The panel body,
The panel body protruding upward from the upper part of the panel body supports the upper panel body, and the panel body protruding downward from the lower panel body is provided on the panel body. A connecting member that engages the body;
A back portion composed of a plurality of layers sequentially embedded in the back surface of the panel body that is engaged with each other by the connecting member and stacked obliquely in a plurality of stages;
When the back surface of the panel body engaged by the connecting member is filled with the back-in layer within the height range that can be opposed to the side pressure received toward the surface side, the upper panel body A wall surface structure comprising: a protruding portion provided on the connecting member so as to be integral with or fixed to the back surface of the panel body, wherein at least a portion provided on the connecting member is buried and fixed together with the layer. . The lower panel body and the upper panel are connected to each other by a connecting member that protrudes upward from the upper part of the lower panel body and a connecting member that protrudes downward from the lower part of the upper panel body and is provided on the panel body. A first step of engaging the panel body with each other;
The back surface of the panel main body engaged by the connecting member is filled with a back layer within a height range that can be opposed to the lateral pressure received toward the front surface side, and the back surface side of the upper panel main body is And repeating the second step of filling and fixing at least a part of the protruding portion provided integrally or fixed to the connecting member of the upper panel body together with the layer, so that the back surface of the panel body is A wall surface construction method for constructing a wall surface by stacking the panel main bodies obliquely in a plurality of stages while being filled with layers of recessed portions. The panel body,
A connecting member that projects downward from the lower portion of the panel body and engages the lower panel body;
Engaging portions engaged with the upper and lower panel bodies by engaging the steps provided on the upper and lower parts of the panel body or by inserting members into the upper and lower parts of the panel body. ,
A backing portion comprising a plurality of layers sequentially embedded in the back surface of the panel body, which is engaged with each other by the connecting member and the engaging portion and stacked in a plurality of stages obliquely;
When the back surface of the panel main body engaged by the connecting member and the engagement portion is filled with the back portion within the height range that can be opposed to the side pressure received toward the front surface, A protrusion provided on the connecting member of the panel body, which is fixed by being buried and fixed together with the layer thereof, protruding to the back side of the panel body and integrally or fixed to the connecting member. A wall structure comprising and. By an engaging part that engages the step attached to the upper part of the lower panel body and the step attached to the lower part of the upper panel body, or between the upper part of the lower panel body and the lower part of the upper panel body. The upper and lower panel main bodies are engaged by an engaging portion into which a member is inserted, and a first connecting member that projects downward from the lower portion of the upper panel main body is engaged with the lower panel main body. Process,
The panel in the upper stage is filled with a back layer within the height range in which the panel main body engaged by the engaging portion and the connecting member can face the side pressure received toward the surface side. Repeating the second step of projecting to the back side of the main body and filling and fixing at least a part of the projecting portion integrally or fixed to the connecting member of the upper panel main body together with the layer, A wall surface construction method for constructing a wall surface by stacking the panel main body obliquely in a plurality of stages while filling the back surface of the main body with a layer of a back portion.   The engagement portion with a step is provided such that an engagement surface that engages with the adjacent panel body is provided at a predetermined interval from the adjacent panel body. The wall surface structure or wall surface construction method according to claim 4.   6. The connection member according to claim 1, wherein an engagement surface that engages with the adjacent panel main body is provided so as to have a predetermined distance from the adjacent panel main body. The wall surface structure or wall surface construction method according to item 1.   The wall surface structure or the wall surface construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the protruding portion is formed by bending the plate-like connecting member.   The wall surface structure or the wall surface construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the protrusion is a fastening member that fastens the connecting member to the back surface of the panel body.   9. The projection according to claim 1, wherein the protruding portion is engaged with a bar-shaped reinforcing member assembled on a back surface of the panel body and is buried in the back-in portion. Wall structure or wall construction method.   The bar-like member inserted by inserting a bar-like member or a linear member into the panel main body, the back-filled portion buried in the back surface of the panel main-body, and the existing structure or slope on the back surface of the back-back portion. The wall surface constituted by the panel body is fixed to the front surface of the existing structure or the slope by filling a filler around the linear member. The wall surface structure or wall surface construction method according to any one of 9.   The space is formed by being surrounded by at least a part of the rear surface of the panel body and a frame member that is formed separately from the panel body and is attached to the rear surface of the panel body. The wall surface structure or wall surface construction method according to any one of the preceding claims.   12. The support according to claim 1, wherein a support that is formed separately from the panel main body and is independent of the panel main body is provided to extend to the back side of the panel main body. Wall structure or wall construction method.   13. The wall surface structure or the wall surface construction method according to claim 12, wherein the support body is provided so as to extend from a position higher than a lower end portion of the panel main body to a back surface side thereof.

Images