JP2011523762A - Meshing relay and starter - Google Patents

Abstract

  An engagement relay (1) for a starter (10) of an internal combustion engine, which can operate a relay winding (2) and a lever for allowing a pinion to enter the ring gear of the internal combustion engine from the starter (10). A movable element (3) and a switch (4) switch on the movable element (3). When the changeover switch is at a stationary position, a first current circuit for slowly starting the starter is provided with a resistance. When the relay winding (2) is energized, the starter (10) is directly connected to the current supply by the second current circuit, which causes the starter (10) to rotate slowly at first, and the pinion Drive after entering. In order to simply configure the meshing relay (1) and reduce relay heat generation of the meshing relay (1), the first current circuit has a small resistance (5) made of a resistive material, Is spatially separated from the relay winding (2).

Description

  The present invention relates to a meshing relay for an internal combustion engine starter, a relay winding, a movable element capable of operating a lever for causing a pinion to enter the ring gear of the internal combustion engine from the starter, and a movable element When the switch is at rest, the first current circuit for slowly starting the starter is closed via a resistor, and when the relay winding is energized, the starter is The current circuit connects directly to the current supply, thereby driving the internal combustion engine with maximum electrical energy after the pinion enters. The invention further relates to a starter for an internal combustion engine having a meshing relay, in particular comprising the above-mentioned features and a pinion rotation device, which pinion rotation device has a resistance for slowly starting the starter. Includes a changeover switch.

  A one-stage or two-stage starter is known as an electric machine for starting an internal combustion engine. The single stage system has an adsorption winding and a holding winding. By the meshing winding, the movable element and the movable pinion are engaged with the movable element, and the engaged state is held by the holding winding. The meshing winding forms a stronger magnetic flux than the holding winding, and the combination of the suction winding and the holding winding reduces relay heat generation compared to a starter having only one suction winding.

  The two-stage system operates with a first stage slow pinion rotation mechanism. In the first stage, the current of the starter is reduced by the switched-on resistance, and in the second stage, the starter is directly connected to the current supply source for maximum rotation.

  The second stage typically has only adsorption windings and no separate holding windings. The resistance for the first stage is either built into the relay winding as a meandering resistance wire in recent developments or placed outside.

  For example, the following prior art is known as an example.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a meshing relay for a starter of an internal combustion engine that includes a switch as a switching contact. This relay gently activates the starter motor via a resistor in the rest position and directly connects to the electrical supply in the operating position, at which time the resistor is cut off. The resistor is incorporated as a meander-shaped resistance wire or arranged outside the adsorption winding.

European Patent No. 095200

  An object of the present invention is to improve the meshing relay and starter of the type described at the beginning, to make the meshing relay simple and to reduce the heat generation of the relay.

  This problem is solved according to the invention by the subject matter of claims 1 and 7. Advantageous refinements emerge from the dependent claims.

  The main point of the present invention is that the resistor is arranged outside the relay winding, thereby reducing the heat generation characteristics of the relay and making the resistor compact.

  This problem is solved by the fact that the first current circuit has a small resistance consisting of a resistive material spatially separated from the relay winding. A simple structure is thus obtained. This is because the resistance material may be simply arranged and does not need to be incorporated inside or outside the relay winding. This allows a reasonably simple production. The heating of resistance wires according to the prior art has the disadvantage that the resistance wires can melt during excessively high currents, so that they are electrically shorted and in some cases the relay windings are electrically connected. Sometimes. This can cause erroneous control of the starter and the starter system will fail completely. By separating the resistors spatially, the required rotational current can be easily adjusted by adjusting the resistance.

  According to a further embodiment of the invention, the resistor is formed in a changeover switch. The advantage is that the resistance is separated from the relay winding and the heat generation of the relay winding does not work directly. Therefore, even if the resistance burns out, the relay winding is not directly affected. The resistance burn-out is also prevented by using a small, thick resistance material over the prior art where the resistance wire is wound.

  In order to make the movable movable element to be switched as light as possible and to reduce the weight of the contact plate configured to connect both the first and second current circuits, the resistor is fixedly disposed on the changeover switch. Yes. Therefore, the first current circuit is connected to the fixed resistor by the contact plate on the mover. The contact plate of the mover also connects the second current circuit after activation.

  In order to protect the resistance from the heat generation of the relay windings of the meshing relay, preferably the resistance is optional and is movably disposed on the mover for switching. Here, the resistance is conducted only in the first current circuit, and a highly conductive material such as a copper plate is connected in the second current circuit.

  In a preferred embodiment, the resistor is configured as a plate, on which a conductive contact plate is fixed to the mover. This contact plate is adapted to the contact of the second current circuit. Such an embodiment is small and has a simple structure with a small number of components.

  In order to reduce the heat generation of the relay winding, the relay winding is formed by an adsorption winding and a holding winding. Therefore, the external pre-control relay controls the adsorption winding and the low rotational current for the starter at the same time, and when the mover reaches its drawing position, that is, when the second current circuit switches from the adsorption winding to the holding winding The holding winding forms very little heat in the meshing relay. This is because only a small current and a small magnetic flux are formed.

  The problem is also solved by the fact that the resistance is made from a small resistance material and is spatially separated from the relay winding of the meshing relay by a starter for an internal combustion engine. The resistor is an ohmic resistor and can be placed in the starter current circuit at any location that is electrically isolated from other components. The resistance is accessible from outside the housing and can be adjusted individually.

  Preferably the resistor is arranged in the meshing relay according to the above characteristics.

  It will be appreciated that the features described above and below are not only usable in the combinations described, but can also be used in other combinations.

  Hereinafter, with reference to drawings, it explains in detail based on an embodiment.

It is a schematic side view of a meshing relay. It is an electric circuit when the starter is switched on. It is a schematic side view of the meshing relay meshed together. It is an electric circuit corresponding to FIG. 3 of the starter with which the meshing relay meshed.

  FIG. 1 is an abstract schematic side view of a meshing relay 1 having a relay winding 2 and a mover 3 movably disposed in the relay winding 2. The mover 3 is loaded by a spring (not shown). The mover 3 moves in the opposite direction when the relay winding 2 is energized against the spring, and a pinion (not shown) enters the ring gear of the internal combustion engine. . In order to prevent the pinion from entering the starter gently so that the teeth of the pinion and the ring gear do not collide with each other, in the two-stage starter, the first stage with a small rotational current and the complete current supply to the starter are performed. Two stages are provided. The mover 3 is provided with a changeover switch 4 for switching the two-stage system. The mover 3 is in a stationary position and closes the first current circuit to the starter via the resistor 5. Based on the resistor 5, a relatively small rotational current, and thus a small rotation, is formed at the starter, which causes the pinion to rotate lightly, so that the pinion gently enters the ring gear.

  According to the present invention, the resistance in the mover is made directly from the small resistance material as the resistance plate 5. The resistance plate 5 connects the two conductive terminals 6 and 7 of the first current circuit. Terminal 6 is also referred to as clamp 45 and is preferably grounded. Terminal 7 is referred to as clamp 50i, and this terminal is controlled with a small control current by a pre-control relay. Above the resistor plate 5 is a conductive contact plate 8, which has no significant ohmic resistance. The contact plate 8 is shown as clamps 30 and 45 and connects contacts 11 and 12 which preferably have conical contact heads. The contact plate 8 closes the second current circuit when the mover 3 operates the lever and the pinion enters the ring gear from the starter.

  By closing the second current circuit, the starter is directly controlled by the current supply without the resistor 5. For example, when a current is directly supplied to a starter of a truck, 1500 A flows, and the rotational current through the resistor 5 is in the range of 150 to 200 A.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram for switching on the meshing relay 1. First, a current is applied to the engagement relay clamp 50i by operating a pre-control relay (not shown). At this time, current flows to the starter 10 via the resistor 5. As a result, the starter 10 slowly rotates the pinion, and the pinion enters the ring gear to start the internal combustion engine. This rotation prevents the block. The rotating current flows for less than 1 second. This is because the meshing relay 1 operates the changeover switch 4 via the movable element 3 and guides the current to the starter 10 via the clamp 30 as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic side view corresponding to FIG. 1, and the mover 3 of the meshing relay 1 is drawn by energizing the relay winding 2.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the relay winding 2 has an adsorption winding and a holding winding. When the contacts 11 and 12 of the second current circuit are closed by the contact plate 8, the adsorption winding is switched off and the holding winding is switched on. As a result, the meshing relay 1 generates little heat. This is because the holding winding is controlled by a small current. As a result, the service life of the meshing relay 1 is extended even if the start is frequently performed for a long period of time.
The resistor 5 is a mover and can have any shape and is made of any resistance material. This resistor 5 blocks the terminals 6 and 7, which can be called open contacts, from the first current circuit.

  FIG. 4 shows a second current circuit that is closed by a changeover switch 4 by energizing the meshing relay 1 having a relay winding 2 and a holding winding that allows only a small amount of current to flow as an electric circuit. Show. The resistor 5 can be optimized and configured for rotation. There is no need to consider the influence on the relay winding 2 or the holding winding. This is because a spatial separation portion is provided for the resistor 5. Therefore, the structure is greatly simplified, and the heat generation characteristics of the meshing relay 1 are also reduced. This leads to an extension of the maximum allowable switch-on time and the number of switching times increases. In addition, manufacturing becomes much easier and cheaper. This is because winding of the resistance wire is avoided.

  All drawings are schematic and not to scale. In addition, only those important to the present invention are shown.

Claims (7)

An engagement relay (1) for a starter (10) of an internal combustion engine,
A relay winding (2), a mover (3) capable of operating a lever for allowing the pinion to enter the ring gear of the internal combustion engine from the starter (10), and a switch (4) on the mover (3) A switch,
When the changeover switch is in the rest position, the first current circuit for slowly starting the starter is closed via a resistor, and when the relay winding (2) is energized, the starter (10) is turned into the second current circuit. Connect directly to the current supply with
This causes the starter (10) to rotate slowly at first, and in the meshing relay that is driven after the pinion has entered,
The meshing relay, wherein the first current circuit has a small resistance (5) made of a resistive material, and the small resistance is spatially separated from the relay winding (2).   The meshing relay according to claim 1, wherein the resistor (5) is formed in a changeover switch (4).   The meshing relay according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the resistor (5) is arranged in a fixed position on the changeover switch (4). The resistor (5) is movably disposed on the mover (3) for switching,
The meshing relay according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the resistor (5) conducts only in the first current circuit and a conductive material is connected in the second current circuit.   The resistance (5) is configured as a plate, on which a conductive contact plate adapted for the contact of the second current circuit is arranged. The meshing relay described.   The meshing relay according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the relay winding (2) is formed by an adsorption winding and a holding winding. An electric pinion rotating device, which has a changeover switch with a resistance (5) for slowly starting the starter (10);
The meshing relay (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the resistor (5) is made of a small resistive material and is spatially separated from the relay winding of the meshing relay (1). A starter for an internal combustion engine comprising 1).

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