JP2011252242A - Heald and method for weaving double-ply fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heald having a common shape which can serve both as a front heald and as a back heald.SOLUTION: A heald 14, both upper and lower ends of which are attached to a heald frame, is provided with long holes 16 at upper and lower halves of the heald. The heald 14 is also provided with a thread eye 17 which is separated from the long holes 16 at the longitudinal center of the heald 14. By forming long holes at upper and lower halves of the heald having a common shape, and inserting a front warp in the long hole at the upper half and a back warp in the long hole at the lower half, the heald can serve both as a front heald and as a back heald in a method. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare a front heald and a back heald in accordance with a texture in advance, and a preparation is simple.

Description

  The present invention relates to a loom heald and a method for weaving a double fabric using the heald.

  Conventionally, when weaving a double woven fabric, at least four folds are required. That is, in the case where the front and back structures of the double woven fabric are each a plain weave structure, two folds are required for weaving the front structure and the back structure, and both can be used as both. Because you can't, you need four jars.

  FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a double woven fabric A in which both the front and back structures are woven by a plain weave structure, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the double woven fabric A. In these drawings, 1a is a warp yarn, 1b is a back warp yarn, 2a is a front weft yarn, 2b is a back weft yarn, and the surface warp yarn 1a and the front weft yarn 2a are woven with a plain weave structure to form a surface structure 3. The back warp yarn 1b and the back weft yarn 2b are woven with a plain weave structure to form a back structure 4. The front structure 3 and the back structure 4 form a double woven fabric A.

  FIG. 3 shows the process of weaving the double fabric A. In FIG. 3, four ridges 5 a to 5 d are provided from the rear, among which 5 a and 5 c are front folds that weave the front structure 3, and 5 b and 5 d are back folds that weave the back structure 4. It is. A plurality of healds 6 are attached to each of the hooks 5, and each heald 6 is formed with a mail 7 through which the warp 1 is inserted.

  First, in FIG. 3 (a), the front hooks 5a and 5c are all moved up, the back hook 5d is moved up, 5b is moved down, the back warp thread 1b is opened, and the shuttle 8 Passes and the back weft thread 2b is inserted.

  Next, in FIG. 3 (b), both the back hooks 5b and 5d are moved down, the front hook 5a is moved down and the upper hook 5c is moved up, thereby opening the warp thread 1a and passing there through the shuttle 8. Then, the front weft 2a is inserted to weave the surface structure 3.

  Further, in FIG. 3 (c), the front hooks 5a and 5c are all moved up, the back hook 5b is moved up and 5d is moved down, so that the back warp thread 1b is opened and the shuttle 8 passes therethrough. The back weft thread 2b is inserted, and the back structure 4 is woven.

  Next, in FIG. 3 (d), both the back hooks 5b and 5d are moved down, the front hook 5a is moved up and the hook 5c is moved down, thereby opening the warp thread 1a and passing through the shuttle 8 therethrough. Then, the front weft 2a is inserted to weave the surface structure 3.

  By repeating these steps, the front structure 3 and the back structure 4 are woven, and the double woven fabric A is woven. In order to weave the double woven fabric A by this method, two front hooks 5a, two back hooks 5b are required, and four hooks 5 are required. Further, in order to connect the front structure 3 and the back structure 4 with warp yarns, a separate hook for operating the warp yarns is required, and the number of hooks is further increased.

  Also, when the front and back structures are twill or satin weave, the twill weave requires three or more folds, and the satin weave requires five or more folds. In order to form a double woven fabric with a tissue, double the number of wrinkles is required depending on the type of the front and back tissue.

  Therefore, the applicant has filed a patent application inventing a method of weaving a double woven fabric by manipulating the warp yarn and the back warp yarn with a single kite and halving the number of kites, and filed as JP2009-68144. It has been published.

  As shown in FIG. 4, according to the present invention, a front heald 10a in which a long hole 9 is formed in an upper half and a back heald 10b in which a long hole 9 is formed in a lower half are respectively provided in two ridges 5. Arranged in an array, the warp thread 1a is inserted into the long hole 9 of the front heald 10a, the warp thread 1b is inserted into the long hole of the back heald 10b, and two ridges 5 are provided.

  Thus, the two cages 5 are alternately moved up and down. In FIG. 4, by moving the heel 5a up and moving the heel 5b down, the front heald 10a provided on the heel 5a moves the warp thread 1a up and the back heald 10b backs the warp thread 1b through the long hole 9a. The front heald 10a provided on the hook 5b that is held down and held down holds the front warp thread 1a at the middle position of the long hole, and the back heald 10b moves the back warp thread 1b downward.

  In other words, by alternately moving the two hooks 5a and 5b up and down, the warp yarn 1a takes up and intermediate positions, and the back warp yarn 1b takes down and intermediate positions. A step opening is formed.

  In this state, by driving the front weft thread 11a into the upper opening of the two upper and lower openings, the front weft thread 11a and the front warp thread 1a are woven into the surface structure 3, and the back weft thread 11b is formed in the lower opening. The back structure 4 is woven by the back weft thread 11b and the back warp thread 1b.

  In order to selectively drive the front weft thread 11a or the back weft thread 11b into the upper and lower openings, as shown in FIG. 4, shuttles 12a and 12b in which the tip 13 in the insertion direction protrudes at a position higher or lower than the center are used. The front shuttle 12a pushes the front weft thread 11a through the upper opening while pushing down the warp yarn in the neutral position, and the back shuttle 12b pushes the back weft thread 11b through the lower opening while pushing up the warp thread in the neutral position. The weft thread can be inserted by selecting the opening.

  According to this method, compared with the case of weaving a conventional double woven fabric, the number of folds can be reduced by half, and the structure of the loom is simplified and the opening motion is simplified. However, on the other hand, it is necessary to provide the front heald 10a and the back heald 10b in advance in a predetermined order on each ridge 5, and the preparation is troublesome.

  According to the conventional method shown in FIG. 3, there is only one type of heald 6 and the nature of the warp 1 is determined by whether or not the warp 1 is inserted into the mail 7 of a specific bag 5. However, in the loom of FIG. 4, the front heald 10a and the back heald 10b are different in shape, and it is necessary to prepare the scissors 5 to which they are attached in a predetermined order. The order of 10 must also be changed.

JP 2009-68144 A

Ministry of Education's textbook, published by Jikkyo Publishing Co., Ltd., “High School Textile Revised Edition” (published on March 25, 1968, published on February 25, 1944) p72-75, color printing 4-13 Fig. 4-19

  This invention is made | formed in view of this situation, Comprising: It is a heald used for the said method, Comprising: It aims at providing the heald of the same shape which can serve as a front heald and a back heald.

  Still another object of the present invention is to use the heald to simultaneously operate the warp yarn and the back warp yarn with a single heald, halving the total number of healds, and further doubling with a simple loom. It is an object to provide a method which can also be woven.

  Thus, the heald according to the present invention is characterized in that a long hole is formed in the upper half and the lower half of the heald in which the upper and lower ends are attached to the frame. In the heald according to the present invention, it is possible to form a mail separated from the long hole at the center in the longitudinal direction of the heald.

  Moreover, the method of weaving the double woven fabric of the present invention is provided with a plurality of healds according to claim 1 on each of a plurality of reeds, and warp yarns in the long holes in the upper half of the healds, Each thread is inserted through the long hole, and the plurality of reeds are moved up and down in a predetermined order, so that the heald of the reed that has been moved up moves the warp thread inserted through the long hole in the upper half, While holding the back warp thread inserted through the long hole in the lower half in a neutral position at the middle position of the long hole, the heald of the heel that has been moved down moves the back warp thread inserted through the long hole in the lower half part, The warp thread inserted through the long hole in the upper half is neutrally held at the middle position of the long hole to form two upper and lower openings, and in the open state formed in a predetermined order, the upper thread is exposed to the upper opening. Work to weave the surface structure with warp and front weft by inserting weft And the step of weaving the back structure with the back warp thread and the back weft thread by inserting the back weft thread into the lower opening is performed in a predetermined order to make one cycle, and by repeating the cycle, A double woven fabric is formed by the structure.

  In the method of weaving the double woven fabric of the present invention, the front shuttle for inserting the front weft yarn protrudes at a position where the tip in the insertion direction is higher than the center, and passes through the upper opening while pushing down the warp yarn in the neutral position. The back shuttle for inserting the back weft thread protrudes at a position where the tip in the insertion direction is lower than the center, and can pass through the lower opening while pushing up the warp thread in the neutral position.

  Further, in the method of the present invention, each of the plurality of reeds is provided with a heald having a mail separated from the long hole, and a warp thread is inserted through the warp connected to the mail of the heald. The double woven fabric can be bound by inserting the back weft yarn into the same position with respect to the warp yarn.

  According to the present invention, a long hole is formed in the upper half and the lower half of the heald having the same shape, and the warp yarn is inserted into the long hole in the upper half and the warp yarn is inserted into the long hole in the lower half. Thus, since the heald serves as both the front and back healds in the above method, it is not necessary to prepare the front and back healds in advance according to the tissue, and preparation is simple.

Organizational diagram of a double woven fabric woven with a plain weave structure for both the front and back structures Top view of the double woven fabric of FIG. Process diagram for weaving double woven fabric by conventional method Front view showing a state in which a double woven fabric is woven with another conventional loom Front view of the heald of the present invention Process diagram for weaving a double woven fabric according to an embodiment of the method of the present invention. Fixing diagram for weaving double fabrics according to another form of the method of the invention Fixing diagram for weaving double fabrics according to yet another form of the method of the present invention.

  The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows an example of the heald 14 according to the present invention, in which long holes 16 are formed in the upper half and the lower half of the narrow plate 15, respectively. Preferably, a binding yarn mail 17 is formed at a position between the central long holes 16 of the plate 15.

  FIG. 6 shows a process of weaving the double woven fabric A using the healds 14, and a plurality of the healds 14 are attached to two ridges 5a and 5b, respectively. The healds 14 are vertically symmetric and all have the same shape, and a long hole 16 is formed in the upper half and the lower half thereof.

  Then, in each of the reeds 5a and 5b, the heald 14 provided on the reeds 5a and 5b is inserted with the warp thread 1a shown in the long hole 16 in the upper half part, and the warp thread 1b back on the long hole 16 in the lower half part. Inserted ones are formed alternately.

  Thus, by alternately moving up and down the hooks 5a and 5b, first, the warp thread 1a inserted through the long hole 16 in the upper half of the heald 14 provided on the hook 5a moved up in FIG. 6 (a). The back warp yarn 1b inserted through the long hole 16 in the lower half of the heald 14 provided on the same rod 5a is held at the intermediate position of the long hole 16 in the lower half. Further, the back warp thread 1b inserted through the lower half long hole 16 of the heald 14 provided in the lowered hook 5b is moved down, and the upper half long hole 16 in the heald 14 provided in the same hook. The warp yarn 1a inserted into the upper half is held at an intermediate position of the long hole 16 in the upper half.

  As a result, the warp yarn 1 is opened between the warp yarn 1a between the upper movement position and the intermediate position, and the back warp yarn 1b is opened between the intermediate position and the lower movement position. I'm damned. By driving the front shuttle 12a into the upper opening in this state, the front weft thread 11a is driven between the warp threads 1a on all the back warp threads 1b, and a part of the front structure 3 is woven.

  Next, when the eaves 5a and 5b are exchanged up and down and the eaves 5b moved downward in FIG. 6 (a) are moved up as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the upper half of the heald 14 of the eaves 5b. The warp yarn 1a inserted through the long hole 16 is moved upward from the middle position of the long hole 16, and the back warp yarn 1b inserted through the long hole 16 in the lower half is moved from the lower movement position to the lower half. It will be held at an intermediate position of the long hole 16.

  When the heel 5a that has been moved upward is moved downward as shown in FIG. 6B, the back warp thread 1b inserted through the long hole 16 in the lower half of the heald 14 provided in the heel 5a is The warp thread 1a which is moved downward from the middle position of the long hole 16 and is inserted into the long hole 16 in the upper half of the heald 14 provided in the same rod 5a is moved up to the long hole 16 in the upper half. What has been held is held at an intermediate position of the long hole 16.

  As a result, the warp yarn 1a has its opening changed between the upper movement position and the intermediate position, and the back warp thread 1b has its opening changed between the intermediate position and the lower movement position. While being opened, the opening positions of the front warp thread 1a and the back warp thread 1b are switched.

  When the front shuttle 12a is driven again into the upper opening in this state, the front weft thread 11a is driven over all the back warp threads 1b and between the front warp threads 1a in the open state, which replaces FIG. 6 (a). Thus, the surface structure 3 is woven.

  Next, in FIG. 6 (c), the reeds 5a and 5b are exchanged up and down again so that the reeds 5a and 5b are in the same state as in FIG. 6 (a), and are opened in two upper and lower stages as described above. By driving the back shuttle 12b into the lower opening in this state, the back weft thread 11b is driven between the back warp threads 1b opened up and down under all the front warp threads 1a. Woven.

  Further, in FIG. 6 (d), the upper and lower sides of the ridges 5a and 5b are exchanged again, so that the same state as in FIG. 6 (b) is obtained again. In this state, by driving the back shuttle 12b into the lower opening of the two upper and lower openings, the back weft thread 11b is driven between the back warps 1b opened at the lower opening, and the back structure 4 is woven.

  Thereafter, by repeating the steps of FIGS. 6A to 6B, the two hooks 5a and 5b are alternately moved up and down, and the front weft thread 11a and the back weft thread 11b are formed in the two upper and lower openings formed. Can be woven alternately, and the double woven fabric A can be woven.

  In order to selectively drive the front weft thread 11a or the back weft thread 11b into the upper and lower openings of the warp thread 1, the tip 13 in the insertion direction protrudes at a position higher or lower than the center as described above with reference to FIG. It is better to use the shuttles 12a and 12b.

  That is, since the front shuttle 12a protrudes at a high position, the front shuttle 12a passes through the upper opening while pushing down the warp yarns 1a and 1b in the neutral position, and strikes the front weft 11a to weave the front texture 3, and the back shuttle 12b 13 protrudes at a low position, so that the back structure 4 is woven by driving the back weft thread 11b through the lower opening while pushing up the warp threads 1a and 1b in the neutral position, and the upper and lower openings are selected to select the weft threads 11a and 11b. Can be inserted to weave the double woven fabric A.

  Next, FIG. 7 shows the process of weaving the bonded double fabric A using the heald 14 of the present invention. That is, the upper and lower warps 1a and 1b are not inserted into the elongated hole 16 in the part 14 'of the healds 14 attached to the hooks 5a and 5b, but the warp 18 is connected to the central mail 17 and inserted. is doing.

  In this example, in the heald 14 in which the warp thread 1 is inserted into the long hole 16, the warp thread 1 is operated in the same manner as described above with reference to FIG. By selectively driving into the opening, the front structure 3 and the back structure 4 are woven, and the double woven fabric A is woven.

  However, since the warp yarn 18 inserted into the heald 14 'is inserted into the mail at the center of the heald 14', when the hook 5 attached with the heald 14 'moves up, the warp yarn 18 is connected to the upper moving position. When the rod 5 is moved downward, the lower movement position is taken and the intermediate position is not held.

  Accordingly, when the connected warp yarn 18 takes the up position, both the front weft yarn 11a and the back weft yarn 11b pass below the connected warp yarn 18, and when the connected warp yarn 18 takes the down movement position, the front weft yarn 11a and the back weft yarn 11b both All of the yarns are passed over the warp yarn 18, and the warp yarn 18 passes through the top weft yarn 11 a and the bottom weft yarn 11 b alternately so as to connect the surface structure 3 and the back structure 4. is there.

  In order to weave a double woven fabric by the conventional method shown in FIG. 3, in addition to the four ridges 5 for weaving the ground texture, one or two for manipulating the bound warp yarns. This requires a sheet of firewood and the structure of the loom is complicated.

  In addition, when weaving by the method shown in FIG. 4, two hooks 5 may be used. However, there is a heald provided with only the mail for manipulating the warp thread connected to each hook 5 other than the front heald 10a and the back heald 10b. It is necessary and preparation is more troublesome.

  On the other hand, if the heald 14 of the present invention is used, the warp yarn becomes the warp yarn 1a if the warp yarn is inserted into the long hole 16 in the upper half portion, and if the warp yarn is inserted into the long hole 16 in the lower half portion, the warp yarn is If it becomes the back warp thread 1b and further passes through the central mail 17, it will be connected to the warp thread 18, and the design of the fabric is very easy.

  Next, FIG. 8 shows another example of the weaving method using the heald 14 of the present invention. In other words, the warp yarn 1a is inserted through the long hole 16 in the upper half of the heald 14 and the warp yarn 1b is inserted through the long hole 16 in the lower half at the same time, and the surface structure 3 is formed by the warp yarn 1a and the front weft yarn 11a. The back structure 4 is woven with the back warp thread 1b and the back weft thread 11b. A warp thread 18 is also inserted into the mail 17 of the heald 14 '.

  In this example, since the warp yarn 1a and the back warp yarn 1b can be operated simultaneously by one heald 14, and the warp yarns 18 can be operated simultaneously, not only can the number of reeds 5 be reduced, but also each reed. The number of healds 14 in 5 can also be saved and the construction of the loom is very simple.

  In the above description, the heald 14 of the present invention and the method of the present invention are described as being applied to a normal power loom. However, the present invention is not limited to such a power loom and can be applied to a ring loom in exactly the same manner. .

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Warp thread 3 Surface structure 4 Back structure 5 綜 絖 11 Weft thread 12 Shuttle 13 Tip 14 Held 16 Long hole 17 Mail 18 Connected warp thread

Claims (5)

A heald (14) having upper and lower ends attached to a collar frame, wherein a long hole (16) is formed in the upper half and the lower half of the heald. The heald (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that a mail (17) separated from the slot (16) is formed in the center in the longitudinal direction of the heald (14). The plurality of healds (14) according to claim 1 are provided on each of the plurality of scissors (5), and the warp yarn (1a) is displayed in the long hole (16) in the upper half of the heald (14). By inserting the back thread (1b) through the long hole (16) of each part and moving the plurality of scissors (5) up and down in a predetermined order, the heald (14) of the scissors (5) moved up is The front warp thread (1a) inserted through the long hole (16) in the half is moved upward, and the back warp thread (1b) inserted through the long hole (16) in the lower half is moved in the middle of the long hole (16). The heald (14) of the heel (5), which is held in a neutral position and moved down, lowers the back warp thread (1b) inserted into the long hole (16) in the lower half, and the long hole in the upper half The upper warp thread (1a) inserted through (16) is held neutrally at an intermediate position of the long hole (16), and the upper and lower two-stage openings Forming and weaving the surface structure (3) with the warp yarn (1a) and the front weft yarn (11a) by inserting the front weft yarn (11a) into the upper opening in the opening state formed in a predetermined order And the step of weaving the back structure (4) with the back weft thread (1b) and the back weft thread (11b) by inserting the back weft thread (11b) into the lower opening is performed in a predetermined order to make one cycle. The method for weaving a double woven fabric, characterized in that the double woven fabric (A) is formed by the front structure (3) and the back structure (4) by repeating the cycle. The front shuttle (12a) for inserting the front weft thread (11a) protrudes at a position where the tip (13) in the insertion direction is higher than the center, and passes through the upper opening while pushing down the warp threads (1a, 1b) in the neutral position. The back shuttle (12b) for inserting the back weft thread (11b) protrudes at a position where the tip (13) in the insertion direction is lower than the center, and pushes down the warp threads (1a, 1b) in the neutral position while opening the lower part The method for weaving a double woven fabric according to claim 1, wherein The plurality of healds (14) according to claim 2 are provided in each of the plurality of scissors (5), and the warp (18) is inserted into the mail (17) of the heald (14), and the scissors ( 5. The binding thread according to claim 1, wherein the front weft thread (11 a) and the back weft thread (11 b) are inserted in the same position with respect to the bound warp thread (18) in accordance with the vertical movement of 5). Weaving method for heavy fabrics

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