JP2011245413A5 - - Google Patents

Description

Water treatment system of the present invention includes a plurality of devices, connecting a plurality of devices adjacent to each other, a plurality of pipe sections fluid Ru flows inside, the heat absorption pipe section at least one pipe section as endothermic pipe section A heat pump that absorbs heat from the endothermic piping section and exhausts heat to the exhaust heat piping section with at least one other piping section as an exhaust heat piping section, and further, an endothermic piping section, Provided between the heat pump and the first intermediate loop for transferring the heat absorption from the heat absorption pipe section to the heat pump, and provided between the exhaust heat pipe section and the heat pump, and exhaust heat from the heat pump to the exhaust heat pipe section It has at least one of the 2nd intermediate loops to communicate.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of devices, the water treatment method using the water treatment system having a plurality of pipe sections fluid Ru flows inside by connecting a plurality of devices adjacent to each other Provided. This method uses a heat pump to absorb heat from an endothermic piping section using at least one piping section as an endothermic piping section, and to absorb heat from the endothermic piping section, using at least one other piping section as an exhaust heat piping section. It looks including that waste heat, transfer to a heat pump of the heat is absorbed from the heat absorption pipe section is performed by a first intermediate loop provided between the heat absorption pipe section and heat pumps, or the exhaust heat from the heat pump was transferred to the heat of the exhaust heat pipe section is Ru performed by a second intermediate loop provided between the heat pipe section and the heat pump.
Another water treatment system of the present invention connects a plurality of devices, a plurality of devices adjacent to each other, a plurality of piping sections through which fluid flows, and an endothermic piping section using at least one piping section as an endothermic piping section. A heat treatment system having a heat pump that absorbs heat from the heat absorption pipe section and exhausts heat to the exhaust heat pipe section with at least one other pipe section as the exhaust heat pipe section. Is performed by heat transfer inside the water treatment system.

FIG. 1 shows first and second devices 1 and 2 that are adjacent to each other, and a first piping section 11 that connects them. In these devices 1 and 2 and the piping section 11, fluid (treated water) flows from the first device 1 to the second device 2 in the right direction in the figure. Similarly, FIG. 1 shows the third and fourth devices 3 and 4 adjacent to each other and the second piping section 12 connecting them. Also in these devices 3 and 4 and the piping section 12, a fluid (treated water) flows from the third device 3 to the fourth device 4 in the right direction in the drawing. The first to fourth devices 1 to 4 may be anything.

In the present embodiment, heat is absorbed from the first piping section 11 (indicated by the symbol Q _c1 ) and exhausted to the second piping section 12 (also denoted by the symbol Q _H1 ). In such a situation, for example, the outlet water temperature of the first device 1 is higher than the required water temperature at the inlet point of the second device 2, and it is necessary to cool the water to be treated, and the third device 3. This occurs when the outlet water temperature is lower than the required water temperature at the inlet point of the fourth apparatus 4 and it is necessary to heat the water to be treated. As an example, the RO membrane device has a standard design temperature of the reverse osmosis membrane of 25 ° C. as described above, but if the water temperature at the entrance point is higher than this, it is necessary to cool the water to be treated before entering the RO membrane device. is there. In this specification, the loss during exhaust heat is ignored and it is assumed that the endotherm is exhausted 100% as it is, but it is noted that the endothermic amount and the exhaust heat amount do not actually match. I want.

For this purpose, the water treatment system is provided with a heat pump 21 that absorbs heat from the first piping section 11 (endothermic piping section) and exhausts heat to the second piping section 12 (exhaust heat piping section). The heat pump 21 uses a vapor compression type in this embodiment. Specifically, the heat pump 21 includes an evaporator 22 that evaporates a refrigerant such as ammonia and carbon dioxide, a compressor 23 that compresses the refrigerant, a condenser 24 that condenses the refrigerant, an expansion valve 25 that expands the refrigerant, These elements 22 to 25 are arranged on the closed loop 26 in this order. Accordingly, the refrigerant undergoes a thermal cycle of evaporation, compression, condensation, and expansion while circulating in the closed loop 26. The first piping section 11 is located adjacent to the evaporator 22, and heat is taken away from the fluid flowing through the first piping section 11 by the heat of vaporization when the refrigerant evaporates (in each figure, The wavy line indicates the part where heat exchange takes place.) The evaporated refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 23 and becomes a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. The refrigerant is then sent to the condenser 24 where it releases heat and condenses. The second piping section 12 is located adjacent to the condenser 24, and the condensation heat released during the condensation is given to the fluid flowing through the second piping section 12. The condensed refrigerant passes through the expansion valve 25 and is cooled under reduced pressure. Thus, during one cycle of operation of the heat pump 21, heat absorption from the heat absorption pipe section 11 and heat exhaust to the exhaust heat pipe section 12 are performed.

By using the heat pump 21, at least a part of the heat taken away from the first piping section 11 can be given to the second piping section 12. For this reason, it is not necessary to discard the deprived heat, and it is not necessary to generate heat supplied to the second piping section 12 by another device (boiler, etc.). In addition, the heat pump 21 generally has a coefficient of performance (defined as Q / L, where Q is the heating or cooling capability and L is the power consumed to obtain this Q), The required electrical energy is much smaller than the heat energy that is generated. Thus, in the water treatment system of this embodiment, since the heat taken from the endothermic piping section 11 is moved to the exhaust heat piping section 12, heat energy is hardly wasted, and the heat pump 21 is highly efficient for this heat transfer. Because of the use of a low energy consumption.

FIG. 2 also shows a system similar to FIG. In the present embodiment, between the first pipe section 11 and the heat pump 21, and the heat absorption from the first pipe section 11 has a first intermediate loop 15 for transmitting the heat pump 21. Similarly, between the second pipe section 12 and the heat pump 21, a second intermediate loop 16 for transmitting the heat absorption from the heat pump 21 to the second pipe section 12. By providing the intermediate loops 15 and 16 in this manner, restrictions on the installation location of the heat pump 21 may be relaxed. That is, when the heat pump 21 is away from the first piping section 11 and the second piping section 12, it is necessary to draw these piping sections 11 and 12 to the heat pump 21. In water treatment systems, in general, many devices with large pressure loss such as membrane devices and ion exchange devices are installed, so it is important to suppress pressure loss. In the example of FIG. 2, the first and second piping sections 11 and 12 connect the first device 1 and the second device 2, the third device 3 and the fourth device 4 with the shortest distance, respectively. Since it is only necessary to connect the first and second piping sections 11 and 12 and the heat pump 21 with the intermediate loops 15 and 16 having a small pressure loss, it is possible to suppress the pressure loss of the water treatment system. This advantage is particularly great when the heat pump 21 is away from the first piping section 11 and the second piping section 12. Although illustration is omitted, only one of the first intermediate loop 15 and the second intermediate loop 16 may be provided, and each intermediate loop 15, 16 is configured as a double or triple loop as necessary. It is also possible to do. The medium used for the intermediate loop is not particularly limited, and there is no need to use a highly corrosive fluid or a fluid that easily generates scale. If the intermediate loops 15 and 16 are filled with CO ₂ , heat can be conveyed more efficiently than when water is filled.

3 and 4 show an embodiment of a water treatment system configured to absorb heat or exhaust heat from a plurality of parts. Referring to FIG. 3, the water treatment system includes fifth and sixth devices 5, 6 adjacent to each other and a third piping section 13 connecting them, and first and first fluids. And a first intermediate loop 15 adapted to absorb heat from the three piping sections 1 and 3. Referring to FIG. 4, in addition to the above-described configuration, the water treatment system includes seventh and eighth devices 7 and 8 adjacent to each other, and a fourth piping section 14 connecting them, in which a fluid flows. A second intermediate loop 16 configured to exhaust heat to the second and fourth piping sections 12 and 14.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, a second heat pump 27 that heats the second piping section 12 is provided to compensate for the shortage of exhaust heat (heating) from the heat pump 21 to the second piping section 12. . The basic configuration of the second heat pump 27 is the same as that of the heat pump 21, but the compressor capacity is appropriately set according to the amount of heat exhausted. In the present embodiment, the second heat pump 27 is used as a heater. The heat pump 21 takes the heat quantity Q _C1 from the first piping section 11 and releases the heat quantity Q _H1 to the second piping section 12. Here, the heat quantity Q _C1 is the product of the compressor capacity C _C and the coefficient of performance COP _C at the time of heat absorption, and the heat quantity Q _H1 is a value obtained by adding the compression work W of the compressor to the heat quantity Q _C1 . That is, Q _C1 = C _C × COP _C , Q _H1 = Q _C1 + W, and the coefficient of performance COP _H = Q _H1 / W = Q _C1 / W + 1 = COP _C +1 during exhaust heat. That is, in principle, the amount of heat Q _H1 is larger than the amount of heat Q _C1 by the compression work W of the compressor, and COP _H is larger than COP _C by one. The second heat pump 27 gives the second pipe section 12 a heat quantity Q2 that is the difference between the heat quantity Q _H1 and the heat quantity Q _C1 to be applied to the second pipe section 12. Since the heat absorption side of the heat pump 27 is not connected to the water treatment system, the amount of heat Q2 is taken from the atmosphere (the atmosphere is cooled).

In the embodiment of FIG. 6, in order to compensate for excessive heat absorption from the first piping section 11 by the heat pump 21, the heat pump 21 includes a water heat exchange unit 21a and an air heat exchange unit 21b. The heat pump 21 is a water heat exchanging portion 21 a that takes the heat quantity Q _C1 from the first piping section 11 (internal circulation water) and releases the heat quantity Q _H1 to the second piping section 12. The amount of heat Q _H1 given to the second piping section 12 matches the desired amount of heat. Air heat exchanger section 21b, deprives heat Q2 of the difference between the endothermic quantity to be deprived heat Q _C1 from the first pipe section 11 from the ambient air is supplied to the second pipe segment 1 2. In other words, the heat pump 21 takes heat from the first piping section 11 and the atmosphere. Since this embodiment does not require the second heat pump 27, it is often more advantageous than the embodiment of FIG. 5 from the viewpoint of cost.

In addition to the vapor compression type, the heat pump 21 can also use a thermionic type. FIG. 7 shows an embodiment using a thermoelectric heat pump 21 ′. The drawing is the same as FIG. 1 except that the vapor compression heat pump 21 shown in FIG. 1 is replaced with a thermoelectric heat pump 21 ′. For the description other than the heat pump 21 ′, refer to the above description. The thermoelectronic heat pump 21 'is a heat pump using the principle of a so-called thermoelectric element (Peltier element). A p-type semiconductor 29 and an n-type semiconductor 30 provided on the substrates 34 and 35 are connected in series via an electrode 33. When a current is passed through the pn junction, the n-type semiconductor 29 starts from the n-type along the direction of the current. An endothermic phenomenon occurs in the p-type junction 31, and a heat dissipation phenomenon occurs in the p-type to n-type junction 32. The p-type semiconductor 29 and the n-type semiconductor are arranged such that the junction portion 31 from the n-type to the p-type is on the first piping section 11 side and the junction portion 32 from the p-type to the n-type is on the second piping section 12 side. 30 is arranged. In FIG. 7, three p-type semiconductors 29 and three n-type semiconductors 30 are shown, but a larger number of p-type and n-type semiconductors may be alternately arranged. The thermoelectric heat pump 21 'has a simple structure and has no mechanical operation part, so that it has excellent silence. The thermoelectric heat pump 21 ′ is preferably used as a small heat pump.

Furthermore, although not shown, a chemical, adsorption or absorption heat pump can be used. For example, a chemical heat pump includes a reaction chamber filled with a hydrate such as calcium chloride and calcium oxide, and a condensing chamber connected to the reaction chamber via a communication pipe. The first piping section 11 is positioned adjacent to the reaction chamber, and the second piping section 12 is positioned adjacent to the condensation chamber. Hydrate such as calcium chloride filled in the reaction chamber absorbs heat from the first piping section 11, whereby water molecules of the hydrate are separated from the hydrate as water vapor and transferred to the condensation chamber. The water vapor transferred to the condensing chamber is condensed and liquefied, and exhausted to the second piping section 12 located adjacent thereto.

1-6 First to sixth devices 11,13 First and third piping sections (endothermic piping sections)
12, 14 2nd and 4th piping section (exhaust heat piping section)
21,21 ', 21 "heat pump

Claims (8)

Multiple devices;
Connecting the plurality of devices adjacent to each other, a plurality of pipe sections fluid Ru flows inside,
At least one of the piping sections is used as an endothermic piping section to absorb heat from the endothermic piping section, and the heat absorbed from the endothermic piping section is used as at least one other piping section as an exhaust heat piping section. possess an exhaust heat heat pump, and further,
Provided between the heat absorption piping section and the heat pump, provided between the first intermediate loop for transferring heat absorption from the heat absorption piping section to the heat pump, the exhaust heat piping section and the heat pump, to have at least one of the second intermediate loop for transmitting exhaust heat from the heat pump to the exhaust heat pipe section, the water treatment system. The endothermic pipe section provided plurality of positions, said first intermediate loop is provided between the heat pump and the plurality of heat absorption pipe section, you transfer a heat absorption from said plurality of endothermic pipe section to said heat pump, The water treatment system according to claim 1 . The heat pipe section is provided a plurality of locations, said second intermediate loop is provided between the heat pump and the plurality of heat pipes period, the exhaust heat from the heat pump to the plurality of heat pipes interval It transfer, water treatment system according to claim 1 or 2. In order to compensate for insufficient or excessive heat absorption from the endothermic piping section, or insufficient or excessive exhaust heat to the exhaust heat piping section, the endothermic piping section or the exhaust heat piping section is heated or removed. The water treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising means for heating or means for transferring heat to and from the outside of the water treatment system. The water treatment system according to claim 4 , wherein the means is a second heat pump.   The water treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump is any one of a vapor compression type, an absorption type, an adsorption type, a thermoelectronic type, and a chemical type. Multiple devices;
A plurality of pipe sections connecting the plurality of devices adjacent to each other, and a fluid flowing therein;
At least one of the piping sections is used as an endothermic piping section to absorb heat from the endothermic piping section, and the heat absorbed from the endothermic piping section is used as at least one other piping section as an exhaust heat piping section. A water treatment system having a heat pump for exhausting heat,
The water treatment system, wherein the heat absorption and the exhaust heat are performed by heat transfer inside the water treatment system. A plurality of devices, a water treatment method using the water treatment system having a plurality of pipe sections fluid Ru flows inside connects together the plurality of devices that are adjacent to each other,
The heat pump absorbs heat from the endothermic piping section using at least one of the piping sections as an endothermic piping section, and the exhaust heat piping uses heat absorbed from the endothermic piping section as at least one other piping section. look at including that the waste heat in the interval,
Transmission of heat absorbed from the endothermic piping section to the heat pump is performed by a first intermediate loop provided between the endothermic piping section and the heat pump, or the heat exhausted from the heat pump is A water treatment system in which transmission to an exhaust heat piping section is performed by a second intermediate loop provided between the exhaust heat piping section and the heat pump .