JP2011237365A - Abnormality detection system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an abnormality detection system comprising new abnormality detectors easily provided to an existing facility.SOLUTION: An abnormality detection system 10 comprises: multiple sections 40 which are mutually independent and airtight; smoke detectors 42 each of which is an example of multiple atmospheric abnormality detectors provided at the respective sections 40; multiple sampling pipes D1 respective one ends of which are airtightly connected to the sections 40; a manifold D2 which is airtightly connected to the other ends of the multiple sampling pipes D1; a sampling pump 90 provided at the manifold D2; and a smell detector 80 provided at the manifold D2.

Description

  The present invention relates to an abnormality detection system.

  For reactor facilities and radiation handling facilities that handle radioisotopes, a part of the air inside each section is sampled and the concentration of radionuclides in the air is measured continuously. A dust radiation monitor detector is installed. All air (including sampled air) inside each section of the radiation handling facility is measured and monitored by an exhaust stack monitor and then discharged from the radiation handling facility to the outside of the radiation handling facility ( For example, refer nonpatent literature 1).

  In addition, each section of the radiation handling facility is provided with a smoke detector and a heat detector provided in a normal facility.

JP 2004-205229 A

http: // www. list. or. jp / atomica / dic / dic_detail. php? Dic_Key = 671 http: // ds. esco-net. com / volume / 00005 / image / file5030 / t010000502984. pdf http: // www. fdma. go. jp / neuter / topics / houdou / 050713-b2. pdf http: // www. new-cosmos. co. jp / info / smell / img / pdf / xp329m_a. pdf http: // newproduct. jp / 916. html

  By the way, the nuclear power company is responsible for taking all possible measures for preventing the occurrence of a nuclear disaster and taking necessary measures in good faith (for example, Article 3 of the Special Measures Law for Nuclear Disaster Countermeasures).

  In addition, the use of an odor detector with high odor sensitivity has attracted attention as a system for early detection of disaster occurrence (for example, Non-Patent Documents 2, 3, 4, 5).

  Especially in nuclear power plants, air conditioning is stronger than other general facilities. For this reason, since odor molecules tend to flow to the ventilation port forcibly by air conditioning, there are cases where the installation location of a general odor detector is limited. In addition, since there are a wide range of facilities installed at nuclear power plants, there is a problem that the installation is costly.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an anomaly detection system in which a new anomaly detector is easily provided in an existing facility.

  The present inventors have confirmed that a part of air inside each section of a radiation handling facility is measured and monitored by a dust radiation monitor detector, and that an odor detector is used as a means for early detection of disaster occurrence. Has been found to be effective, and the present invention has been completed.

  The abnormality detection system according to the present invention includes a plurality of compartments having airtightness independent from each other, a plurality of atmosphere abnormality detectors provided in each compartment, and one end of each of which is hermetically connected to each compartment. A plurality of exhaust pipes, a collective pipe that is airtightly connected to the other end of the plurality of exhaust pipes, a collection pump provided in the collective pipe, and an odor detector provided in the collective pipe. .

  The abnormality detection system according to the present invention may further include a plurality of on-off valves each provided in each exhaust pipe, and a valve control device that individually controls opening and closing of the plurality of on-off valves.

  According to the present invention, since the abnormality detection system includes the odor detector provided in the collective pipe, the single odor detector detects the occurrence of an odor indicating a disaster occurrence in a plurality of sections at an early stage. be able to.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an abnormality detection system according to the present invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, an abnormality detection system 10 according to the present invention includes a dust radiation monitor facility 20 and a radiation handling facility 30.

  The radiation handling facility 30 includes a plurality of airtight compartments 40 that are independent from each other. The section 40 is, for example, a work room in which an operator can perform inspection work. In the present embodiment, the compartment 40 forms an airtight space by an airtight door 47a and a fire door 47b such as a work room and an air lock door. In the present embodiment, the number of sections 40 is five, and these are called areas A to E, respectively.

  The radiation handling facility 30 further includes a plurality of smoke detectors 42 each provided in each section 40. That is, one smoke detector 42 is provided in the section 40 of the area A. Therefore, the smoke detector 42 is an example of an atmosphere abnormality detector.

  An intake port 45 is provided in the side wall near the top of each compartment 40. An air blower 41 for intake is provided outside the compartment 40, and air sent from the air blower 41 is forcibly sent into the compartment 40 through the air inlet 45.

  In addition, a ventilation port 44 and an air sampling port 46 are provided on the side wall opposite to the intake port 45 in the upper part of each section 40. One end of an exhaust pipe D0 is airtightly connected to the ventilation port 44. The other end of the exhaust pipe D0 is airtightly connected to the exhaust cylinder 14 via the blower 12. Therefore, most of the air inside the compartment 40 always flows through the ventilation port 44 to the exhaust pipe D0.

  The exhaust cylinder 14 is a disposal facility such as a chimney that exhausts air sent through the exhaust pipe D0. In the vicinity of the exhaust port of the exhaust cylinder 14, one end of a sampling pipe D5 for sampling the air exhausted from the exhaust cylinder 14 is provided. An exhaust pipe monitor 16 is airtightly provided at the other end of the sampling pipe D5. As will be described later, since the exhaust pipe D4 is airtightly connected to the exhaust pipe D0, the air detected by the dust radiation monitor detector is also supplied to the exhaust cylinder 14. That is, the exhaust stack monitor 16 monitors all the air collected from the ventilation port 44 and the air sampling port 46.

  The exhaust pipe monitor 16 constantly monitors the air sent from the sampling pipe D5 and continuously measures the concentration of the radioactive substance in the exhaust discharged from the exhaust pipe 14. When the exhaust stack monitor 16 detects a concentration higher than the specified value, another monitor (not shown) controls the exhaust of the exhaust stack 14 based on the detection information from the exhaust stack monitor 16 and other monitoring information. In order to stop, the exhaust cylinder blocking signal S6 is output to the exhaust cylinder 14. The exhaust cylinder 14 immediately stops the exhaust of the exhaust cylinder 14 when receiving the exhaust cylinder blocking signal S6 to block.

  One end of a sampling tube D1 is connected to the air sampling port 46 in an airtight manner. Accordingly, part of the air inside the compartment 40 flows through the air sampling port 46 to the sampling tube D1. The number of collection tubes D1 is the same as the number of sections 40.

  A plurality of on-off valves 50 are provided in the plurality of sampling tubes D1, respectively. Each on-off valve 50 controls the flow rate of air flowing through the collection pipe D1, that is, the amount of air collected from the compartment 40 to the collective pipe D2 described later, based on an open / close control signal S1 from the valve switching device 60 described later. To do. That is, the valve switching device 60 is a valve control device that individually controls opening and closing of the plurality of on-off valves 50.

  The other ends of the plurality of sampling pipes D1 are all airtightly connected to the collecting pipe D2.

  The collective pipe D2 includes, for example, a high-sensitivity tin oxide-based hot-wire sintered semiconductor sensor that detects various odors and odor components, an ultra-sensitive zinc oxide-based substrate-type thin film semiconductor sensor that mainly detects hydrogen sulfide odor, There is provided an odor detector 80 provided with an ultrasensitive tin oxide-based substrate type thick film semiconductor sensor for detecting ammonia odor. The odor detector 80 detects an odor contained in the air flowing through the collecting pipe D2, and when detecting an odor different from the normal, an odor abnormality detection signal S4 indicating that an abnormal odor has been detected. It is comprised so that it may output to the alarm device 100 mentioned later.

  A sampling pump 90 is provided at the other end of the collecting pipe D2. The collection pump 90 is always operating to send the air inside each compartment 40 to the dust radiation monitor detector 110 via the pipe D3. One end of the pipe D3 is hermetically connected to the output port of the sampling pump 90, and the other end of the pipe D3 is hermetically connected to the sampling port of the dust radiation monitor detector 110.

  The dust radiation monitor detector 110 constantly monitors dust radiation and the like contained in the air flowing through the pipe D3, and when these are detected, the alarm device 100 generates a radiation detection signal S5 indicating that an abnormality has been detected. It is configured to output to.

  An exhaust pipe D4 is airtightly connected to the output port of the dust radiation monitor detector 110. The other end of the exhaust pipe D4 is hermetically connected to an exhaust pipe D0 between the blower 12 and the ventilation port 44. Therefore, the pipe D3 and the exhaust pipe D4 act as a collective pipe, like the collective pipe D2.

  The valve switching device 60 determines which of the plurality of on / off valves 50 is to be opened / closed based on the timing signal S2 output from the timer 70, and opens / closes the on / off valve 50 based on the determination. The opening / closing control signal S1 to be output is output to the opening / closing valve 50. Each on-off valve 50 is configured to close or open the valve based on the received on-off control signal S1.

  The valve switching device 60 is configured to output a valve opening information signal S3 indicating the open state of each on-off valve 50 to the alarm device 100. Accordingly, the alarm device 100 notifies the administrator of the abnormality detection system 10 which abnormality sign is present in which section 40 by receiving the valve opening information signal S3 and the odor abnormality detection signal S4. It is configured to be able to.

  The above abnormality detection system 10 operates as follows.

(Normal state)
The collection pump 90 always sends the air inside each section 40 to the dust radiation monitor detector 110 via the collection pipe D1, the collecting pipe D2, and the pipe D3. Moreover, the odor detector 80 always detects the air flowing inside the collecting pipe D2.

  At this time, the air inside the compartment 40 corresponding to the open on-off valve 50 is exhausted from the exhaust port 120 through the sampling pipe D1, the collecting pipe D2, the pipe D3, and the exhaust pipe D4. The air inside the compartment 40 corresponding to the open / close valve 50 is blocked by the open / close valve 50.

  The valve switching device 60 closes the open on-off valve 50 among the plurality of on-off valves 50 based on the timing signal S2 from the timer 70, for example, every 15 minutes, and other on-off valves 50, an open / close control signal S1 for opening a specific open / close valve 50 is output to each open / close valve 50.

  For example, when 15 minutes have passed since the air inside the section 40 of the area A has flowed through the inside of the collecting pipe D2, the valve switching device 60 generates an opening / closing control signal S1 for closing the opening / closing valve. It outputs to the on-off valve 50 corresponding to the area A, and outputs the on-off control signal S1 for opening the on-off valve to the on-off valve 50 corresponding to the area B. Thereby, the air inside the partition 40 of the area B comes to flow inside the collecting pipe D2.

  In this way, the valve switching device 60 sequentially repeats the operation of opening and closing the on-off valves 50 corresponding to the areas B, C, D, E, and A.

  Further, the valve switching device 60 outputs a valve opening information signal S3 indicating the open state of each on-off valve 50 to the alarm device 100.

(When an abnormality sign is detected)
For example, in the section 40 of the area A, when any sign of a disaster occurs from the vicinity of the work table T, if the on-off valve 50 corresponding to the section 40 of the area A is in an open state, from the vicinity of the work table T The unique odor indicating the sign of the occurrence of the disaster flows in the compartment 40 as indicated by the arrow F and is sucked into the ventilation port 44.

  Then, the odor flows to the collecting pipe D2 via the sampling tube D1, and the odor detector 80 detects the odor.

  When the odor detector 80 detects a specific odor indicating a disaster occurrence sign, the odor detector 80 outputs an odor abnormality detection signal S4 indicating that an abnormal odor has been detected to the alarm device 100.

  The alarm device 100 identifies and notifies the section 40 in which the sign of the occurrence of the disaster, that is, the section 40 in the area A, is identified based on the odor abnormality detection signal S4 and the valve opening information signal S3.

  Note that the smoke detector 42 in the area A detects smoke indicating signs of disaster occurrence, separately from the odor detector 80, as in the conventional case.

  In this way, the abnormality detection system 10 can be configured by providing an odor detector in the collective piping in the conventional air conditioning control facility, so in addition to detecting signs of disaster occurrence by the conventional air conditioning control facility, Furthermore, it is possible to detect the occurrence of an odor indicating a disaster occurrence in a plurality of sections at an early stage with one odor detection. In particular, when the sign of disaster occurrence is an odor that is difficult to detect by the smoke detector 42, the sign of disaster occurrence can be detected early by the odor detector 80.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not restricted to embodiment mentioned above. The effects described in the embodiments of the present invention are only the most preferable effects resulting from the present invention, and the effects of the present invention are limited to those described in the embodiments of the present invention. It is not a thing.

D1 Exhaust pipe D2 Collecting pipe D3 Pipe D4 Exhaust pipe D5 Sampling pipe S1 Opening / closing control signal S2 Timing signal S3 Valve opening information signal S4 Abnormality detection signal S5 Radiation detection signal S6 Exhaust tube blocking signal 10 Abnormality detection system 20 Dust radiation monitoring equipment 30 Radiation handling facility 40 Section 42 Smoke detector 44 Ventilation port 50 On-off valve 60 Valve switching device 70 Timer 80 Detector 90 Sampling pump 100 Alarm device 110 Dust radiation monitor detector 120 Exhaust port

Claims (2)

A plurality of independent airtight compartments;
A plurality of atmospheric anomaly detectors each provided in each compartment;
A plurality of exhaust pipes each one end of which is hermetically connected to each compartment;
A collecting pipe airtightly connected to the other ends of the plurality of exhaust pipes;
A sampling pump provided in the collecting pipe;
An abnormality detection system comprising: an odor detector provided in the collective pipe. Furthermore, a plurality of on-off valves each provided in each exhaust pipe,
The abnormality detection system according to claim 1, further comprising: a valve control device that individually controls opening and closing of the plurality of on-off valves.

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