JP2011227694A - Transaction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus suitable to be applied to transaction such as dealing with patent in which determining whether to offer or bid is difficult, and participants of the transaction don't want to disclose their transaction conditions because of fearing a case in which the transaction conditions is used disadvantageously to them, so that to realize a merit of auction while keeping confidentiality.SOLUTION: Information about patent, which is a transaction object, is stored with its valuation information in a patent DB50. A buy side enters information on a type of disposal such as transfer or license and a bid as purchase conditions. Then, a sell side enters selling conditions similarly. A determination part 24 compares conditions of the both side, and determines whether the transaction is established or not. During that process, the conditions are undisclosed.

Description

  The present invention relates to trading technology, and more particularly to an apparatus for trading an object such as intellectual property between the sell side and the buy side.

  “Changes in R & D efficiency in each country” is listed in Figure 5-1 of the reference material for the revised Industrial Technology Strength Act proposed by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry in 2009. Here, the R & D efficiency is defined as “the ratio between the R & D investment amount and the total added value of the enterprise in the industrial sector after five years”. According to the document, Japan's R & D efficiency in 1981-85 was 40%, surpassing 35% in the United States, but continued to decline thereafter, dropping to 23% in 1998-2002. At the same time, the US has reversed Japan by 29%. In the UK, it was 46% at the same time, which is twice as strong as Japan.

  There should be various factors in Japan's malfunction, but one of them is the delay in efforts for open innovation. Open innovation is defined as “creating value by organically combining internal ideas (in-house) ideas and technologies with external (other companies) ideas and technologies”. The so-called IT revolution has drastically shortened the product development span, making it necessary to share technology and knowledge at the world level in order to quickly respond to the sophistication and complexity of technology. Western countries have responded quickly to such movements, and have improved management efficiency centered on successful cases of excellent large corporations.

  On the other hand, Japanese companies have been left behind in the tide of the times as a result of adhering to the so-called self-reliance. In August 2009, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry stated in a proposal summarizing the state of medium- and long-term industrial technology policy that “Technology-based Japan is in a crisis.” The number of new registrations in the world is the highest in the world, but it is not effectively linked to actual product development and market development, and is behind the West. ” "Open innovation is required for companies and research institutions to conduct joint research."

  Open innovation requires smooth transfer of technology, and technology is backed by intellectual property including patents. It can be said that the essence of technology appears in intellectual property, and in order to promote open innovation, it is necessary to have a trading place to smoothly use the necessary intellectual property at the necessary timing. Also, based on the current situation that half of the existing patents are not being used, it is necessary to improve the financial structure of the company by mobilizing patents that have become non-performing assets. In such a historical background, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5 disclose techniques for trading intellectual property.

JP 2008-27087 A JP 2004-62669 A JP 2001-306852 A JP 2003-337892 A JP 2005-92335 A

  As shown in these documents, several methods have been proposed for trading of intellectual property. The main object of the present invention is to promote the distribution of intellectual property from a different angle, and to contribute to the promotion of open innovation and the financial improvement of companies that face historical recessions. However, the intellectual property is only an example of the object of the transaction according to the present invention, and the application of the present invention is not limited to the intellectual property.

  The transaction apparatus of the present invention includes a presentation unit that publishes transaction information including an evaluation amount of a transaction object, a sales condition including an offer (sell price) from the sell side for the object, and a bid (buy price) from the buy side. A reception unit that receives purchase conditions, and a determination unit that determines whether a transaction is established between both sides based on the received sales and purchase conditions.

  The “object” may be tangible or intangible. “Announcement” may target a large number of unspecified users, or target a limited number of users such as members. “Sales” in “Sales conditions” includes not only sales but also cases where licenses, etc. are allowed to be used without transfer of ownership. The same applies to “Purchase” in “Purchase Conditions”, “Cell” and “Buy” in “Sellside” and “Buyside”.

  In this configuration, in a certain aspect of the present invention, at least until the determination by the determination unit, the condition shown on the other side is not disclosed on the sell side and the buy side. When there are a plurality of buy-sides, the purchase conditions may be undisclosed between the buy-sides. In this apparatus, the person who determines the evaluation amount can be a person other than the owner of the transaction object, for example, an operator of the transaction apparatus.

  Still another aspect of the present invention also relates to a transaction apparatus. This device determines the means for announcing the value of an object to be traded, means for accepting sell-side offers and buy-side bids for the object, and whether the deal is established from the accepted offers and bids. The means for determining makes a determination on the assumption that a negative spread may occur between the offer and the bid.

  Each of these means can be realized electronically by the cooperation of a computer microprocessor and a computer program that performs the respective functions. More specifically, for example, a “publishing means” and “accepting means” are provided in a presentation layer server (also simply referred to as a presentation server) such as a web server, and “application means” or “business logic” behind the presentation server is provided with “ Means for determining "can be provided.

  Still another aspect of the present invention also relates to a transaction apparatus. This device consists of means for publishing the valuation value of the object to be traded, means for selecting a plurality of buy-sides satisfying the sales conditions issued from the sell-side for the object, and buy-side to actually trade from the selected buy-side. And means for determining the value on the sell side. Here, the new means can be provided in the above-described application server or business logic. When determining “the buy side to be actually traded”, a means for recommending to the sell side a buy side that has purchased “the right to recommend itself to the sell side when multiple buy sides are selected” may be further provided.

  Still another aspect of the present invention also relates to a transaction apparatus. This device, when executing an auction for a transaction object, means for accepting purchase conditions from a plurality of buy-sides without bidding, means for accepting sales conditions from the sell side of the object, and purchase conditions satisfying the sales conditions And a means for suggesting to the sell side the buy side to be traded from among the plurality of buy sides that are primarily selected. Here, the new means can be provided in the above-described application server or business logic.

  Still another aspect of the present invention also relates to a transaction apparatus. This device includes means for receiving sales conditions including a plurality of individual conditions from the sell side for a transaction object, means for receiving purchase conditions including a plurality of individual conditions from the buy side for the object, and an individual included in the sales conditions. And means for determining that the transaction is successful if any of the conditions and any of the individual conditions included in the purchase conditions are met.

  Here, the new means can be provided in the above-described application server or business logic. “Individual conditions” refer to conditions under which individual sales and purchase conditions can be established, and may be determined according to the manner of disposal of the object. In that case, you may determine the feasibility of a transaction in an order from a heavier aspect to a lighter aspect as a disposal aspect. The “heavy mode” is a mode in which the sell side is closer to letting go of the object. For example, when there is a transfer and a loan, the transfer is the transfer. The heavier the aspect, the more serious the transaction, and the greater the transaction amount. Therefore, it is generally ideal for the sell side and the buy side that the transaction is established in a heavy manner, and the purpose is to determine in order from such transaction.

  According to the present invention, any of the following effects can be obtained. 1. 1. Sell side or buy side can trade without showing their hands to the other party. Sell side or buy side can trade on more favorable terms. 3. It is possible to lead a detailed transaction including the disposal of the object. In any case, the present invention can promote the transaction of the object.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the transaction apparatus which concerns on an Example. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of transaction. It is a figure which shows the screen of a transaction start. It is a figure which shows the screen which sell side inputs purchase conditions in the case of transaction. It is a figure which shows the screen which buy side inputs a sales condition in the case of a transaction. FIG. 3 is a diagram conceptually showing sales conditions and purchase conditions in order to determine the feasibility of a transaction. FIG. 3 is a diagram conceptually showing sales conditions and purchase conditions in order to determine the feasibility of a transaction. FIG. 3 is a diagram conceptually showing sales conditions and purchase conditions in order to determine the feasibility of a transaction. FIG. 3 is a diagram conceptually showing sales conditions and purchase conditions in order to determine the feasibility of a transaction. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating purchase conditions for a plurality of buy-sides in order to determine candidates to be given priority from a plurality of buy-sides in which a transaction is established.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a transaction apparatus 100 according to the embodiment. The transaction apparatus 100 supports patent transactions via the Internet. The transaction apparatus 100 is a three-tier system including a web server 40 that realizes a presentation layer, a transaction business logic 70 that realizes an application layer, and a patent DB 50 that realizes a data layer. Yes. The transaction business logic 70 reads the information of the patent that is the object of the transaction from the patent DB 50, attaches the evaluation amount thereof, and provides it to the web server 40. The trading business logic 70 also advances the processes necessary for trading by actually mediating between the sell side and the buy side.

  The web server 40 publishes patent information via the Internet and mediates sales. A person who participates in the transaction is assumed to have registered in advance in order to use the transaction apparatus 100, and is hereinafter referred to as a "member".

  The patent DB 50 stores information necessary for classifying, analyzing, evaluating, etc. patent numbers, patent holders, patent technical fields, and other patents for a large number of patents to be traded (including licenses). In addition, for patents that have already been evaluated, the value of the evaluation is also stored.

  The transaction business logic 70 includes a matching server 10 and an evaluation server 60 that function as application servers in parallel. The evaluation server 60 evaluates the patent according to a predetermined criterion. Examples of judgment criteria are that “patents with many cited references at the time of examination”, “patents that are currently licensed”, and “patents that have been cited more frequently for subsequent applications” have a high value. It is a standard related to intrinsic value. In any case, it is sufficient for the evaluation server 60 to evaluate the value of the patent fully or semi-automatically based on the information in the patent DB 50, and in the case of semi-automatic, it is sufficient to review and supplement the missing part of the expert.

  Patents are generally difficult to pricing, and offer and bid spreads are likely to be too large compared to other trading objects. On the contrary, even the grounds for pricing are difficult to find, and the situation is reluctant to make an offer. In the financial world, there are cost approaches and other methods for asset evaluation, but patents have completely different values, and it is difficult to evaluate with conventional financial methods that presuppose a certain degree of homogeneity or predictability to the object. . Therefore, since it is likely to become a deadlock if it is left only to sell side and buy side, in this embodiment, the bilateral conflict structure is relaxed by the evaluation amount of the evaluation server 60, and the transaction is presented by promoting the transaction. Yes.

  The matching server 10 performs matching between the sell-side and buy-side matching of patents. Each configuration of the matching server 10 described below is realized by a combination of a microprocessor of a computer and a program that realizes the function of each configuration.

  The presentation unit 12 publishes information for a transaction including the evaluation amount of the patent to the member via the web server 40. The valuation amount will be published for each mode of patent disposition. Any form of disposal may be used as long as it can be established as a transaction, such as transfer, setting of a license, and lending.

  In the initial setting of the presenting unit 12, the sell-side and buy-side are not notified of the conditions issued by the other party until it is determined by the determination unit 24 described later that the transaction has been established. As mentioned above, this is based on the member's sentiment that it is difficult to price patents and that both offer and bid are determined after looking at the other party's appearance. The fact that no one is able to produce numbers at the beginning is a drag on patent transactions. In addition, competitors may be watching the deal, and each buy side is afraid to see how much they need this patent from Bid.

  Because of this special trading environment, this embodiment creates a situation that only the person who offered the offer and bid knows, and removes the psychological barrier of trading. In such a confidential transaction, if the terms including offer and bid match on both sides, the transaction is completed. The condition that the other party has issued when the transaction is established is naturally known, and the secret state is automatically terminated. Of course, the presentation unit 12 may positively disclose the conditions to both parties when the transaction is established.

  The accepting unit 14 of the matching server 10 accepts a sales condition including an offer from the sell side for a patent and a purchase condition including a bid from the buy side via the web server 40. In this specification, sales conditions and purchase conditions are also simply referred to as “conditions”. The conditions include the above-described disposal mode. For example, in the sell side, input is made in accordance with the intention such as “Do not transfer but accept the license”, and in the buy side, “I want a transfer or a license”. At that time, an offer or bid such as “3 million yen for transfer and 2 million yen for license” is added. Therefore, in the conditions referred to in the present embodiment, a plurality of individual conditions determined according to the situation in one condition, here, individual conditions determined according to the mode of disposal (hereinafter simply referred to as “individual conditions”). Can exist.

  Transaction control unit 22 compares the sell-side and buy-side conditions and controls the transaction. The determination unit 24 of the transaction control unit 22 determines whether a transaction is established between both sides based on the conditions received by the reception unit 14. In the determination, the determination unit 24 verifies not only the consistency between the offer and the bid but also the consistency regarding the manner of disposal. As described above, since a plurality of individual conditions may be included in one condition, the determination unit 24 performs a transaction when any individual condition in the sales condition is matched with any individual condition in the purchase condition. Is determined to be true. In the actual implementation, as “determining whether or not a transaction is established between both sides”, “whether there is a buy-side that has issued a purchase condition including individual conditions that satisfy any individual condition of sell-side sales conditions” judge. Therefore, there are cases where multiple such buy-sides are selected (hereinafter, this stage selection is also referred to as “primary selection”).

In that case, the determination unit 24 first notifies the sell side of a plurality of buy-sides that are primarily selected. At the same time, one of them is suggested to the sell side as a transaction candidate based on the buy-side purchase conditions. An example of logic for deciding candidates is
1. Buy side with high bids 1. 2. Buy-side seeking a modest disposal (for example, exclusive license from transfer, normal license from exclusive license). In principle, candidates are listed in the order that is advantageous to sell-side, such as buy-side that sell-side recognizes as trading partner. The sell side may be notified by ranking the buy side from the most advantageous side, or only the most advantageous buy side may be notified as a candidate. In order to realize the third logic example, a table 18 is provided as an auxiliary mechanism of the determination unit 24 in which a person who is recognized as a trading partner for each member and a person who is not permitted are registered in advance. Patent transactions should take into account the relationship with competitors, and there are many cases where it is desirable to limit the parties to which transactions can be made.

  In a simpler design, the determination unit 24 may simply notify the sell side of a plurality of primary buy-sides. In that case, the seller decides on his own each time to deal with. Further, as an option, the presentation unit 12 may first notify the sell side that there has been an application for purchase from a plurality of buy-sides before the primary selection by the determination unit 24.

  When it is determined that a transaction is not established between both sides, the disclosure unit 26 of the transaction control unit 22 discloses at least a part of the other indicated condition for at least one of the sell side and the buy side. As a result, we expect a compromise between the two. The disclosure unit 26 may sell the right to receive disclosure to the sell side, the buy side, or both, and may manage the disclosure accordingly. Alternatively, the right to be disclosed may be notified to both, and the disclosure may be made when the higher amount is paid. This payment can be used for the operating cost of the transaction apparatus 100 or the like. As mentioned above, the idea of the right to receive disclosure is likely to hold because we don't want to reveal as much as possible in patent transactions.

Similar to the disclosure unit 26, the promotion unit 28 of the transaction control unit 22 functions when it is determined that a transaction is not established between both sides. However, the promotion unit 28 does not disclose the conditions to the other party, but proposes a condition change for establishing a transaction for at least one of the both sides. For example, for the sell side,
“Buyside does not ask for transfer → Agreed Buyer asks for a license → Agreed License amount → Disagreeed (with spread)
* Please review the license amount. "
The review of the amount of the license is requested. Many such proposals can be prepared in advance by assuming various conditions, and the promotion unit 28 only needs to present an accurate sentence according to the scene from among them. The disclosure unit 26 and the promotion unit 28 do not need to operate at the same time, and either one can be turned on and the other can be turned off.

  When it is determined that the transaction is established between the two sides, the confirmation unit 30 of the transaction control unit 22 inquires at least one of the two sides whether or not to renegotiate before the agreement is made as it is under the condition that the agreement has been made. . If the "condition" is a collection of individual conditions according to the type of disposal or other transaction conditions, do you agree with the individual conditions that you have already agreed to, or renegotiate with other individual conditions? It may be an inquiry. This procedure will be described later.

  When it is determined that a transaction is established between both sides, the support unit 32 of the transaction control unit 22 transmits an electronic document describing the agreement to at least one of the both sides. Examples of agreements to be described are bibliographic items and conditions when a transaction is completed. If this electronic document is created in the form of a contract, it is possible to save labor in creating and exchanging the contract, which is usually done manually.

  The compensation unit 34 of the transaction control unit 22 corresponds to a situation that occurs in an environment unique to the present embodiment. As described above, while the transaction is in progress, the sell side and the buy side cannot know the conditions presented by the other party, and the offer and bid are determined using the evaluation amount by the evaluation server 60 as the only clue. Moreover, there may be multiple buy sides. As a result, a member who wants to obtain the target patent is forced to set a high bid to some extent. Thus, in some cases, in the same disposal mode, a “negative spread” occurs where the bid exceeds the offer. The determination unit 24 is designed on the premise that this negative spread can occur.

For example, if the offer is 2 million yen and the bid is 3 million yen, a spread of 200-300 = -1 million yen is generated. Even in such a case, the determination unit 24 determines that “a transaction is established” between both sides. Receiving from the determination unit 24, the compensation unit 34 eliminates the spread based on a predetermined rule. Examples of rules are as follows:
1. The bid is settled for 3 million yen to be advantageous to sell side.
2. The deal is settled with an offer amount of 2 million yen to be advantageous to the buy side.
3. The transaction is settled at an amount that is advantageous to the purchaser of the option that should be called “spread compensation right”. For example, if the sell side has this option, the transaction is settled at 3 million yen, and if the buy side has, the transaction is settled at 2 million yen.

  In order to realize the third example, when the determination unit 24 detects a negative spread, the presentation unit 12 that has received the notification may confirm the purchase intention of this option with respect to the sell side and the buy side. . The presenter 12 may sell this option at a fixed price, but the sell side and buy side may purchase both. In that case, the transaction may be settled by the average value of the offer and the bid. As another example, the presentation unit 12 may sell this option to a party who pays a higher amount as an option premium. The collected premium can be used for the operating cost of the transaction apparatus 100 or the like. In any case, when a negative spread occurs, the compensation unit 34 resolves the spread and settles the transaction, and the transaction is completed through the processing of the confirmation unit 30 and the support unit 32. Details thereof will be described later.

  The present embodiment proposes a new transaction method. First of all, it is fundamentally different from a normal auction that requires the bid to be announced. In terms of bid secrecy, there is a similar part to competitive bidding conducted by the national and local governments, but of course the competitive bidding is the opposite of sell-side and buy-side in this embodiment. Further, as in this embodiment, a person who is not the owner of the object, specifically, an operator of the evaluation server 60 or the transaction apparatus 100 promotes the transaction through a special process in which the evaluation amount is announced as a clue of the transaction. Yes.

  In this embodiment, neither bid nor offer is announced. However, multiple buysides can still compete, resulting in an auction function. In some cases, a negative spread may occur, in which case the sell-side can trade beyond its desired amount. This is the same effect as an auction.

  If you only consider the benefits of the auction, you can select the person with the highest bid, without letting the sell-side conditions. However, since patents have a mode of disposal other than assignment, it is necessary to set conditions. But beyond that natural need, setting conditions has a special meaning. In other words, in this embodiment, a buffer process can be performed before suddenly final selection of a partner by primarily selecting a plurality of buy-sides that satisfy the sell-side condition. Since patents are weapons, careful selection of trading partners is required. This embodiment is also suitable for intellectual property transactions in that a plurality of buy-sides appear and a safe trading partner can be selected from them.

  As described above, in this embodiment, it is not easy to determine an offer or bid as in the case of a patent, and there is a possibility that it may threaten itself from the moment it reaches the opponent's hand, and the trading participant wants to know his own hand It realizes the advantages of auctions while adapting to no transactions and maintaining confidentiality.

  FIG. 2 shows a flow of transaction processing with the above configuration. It is assumed that the patent DB 50 is constructed before this processing, and the evaluation amount by the evaluation server 60 is also described in each patent. In this state, information on the patent that is the object of the transaction (also simply referred to as transaction information) is published via the presentation unit 12 and the web server 40 (S10). Members browse transaction information through authentication (not shown) necessary for system operation. One such member decides to purchase a patent and expresses participation as a buy-side (S20). Upon participation, the member enters the disposal mode and bid that he / she desires, that is, purchase conditions. This purchase condition cannot be viewed by members other than the principal by the initial setting of the presentation unit 12.

  The fact that the buy side has participated is notified from the presentation unit 12 to the patentee via the web server 40 (S30). In order to compare the purchase conditions and the sales conditions, the determination unit 24 first confirms whether or not the sales conditions are input from the patentee who should be sell-side (S40). If the sales conditions have already been input (Y in S40), processing by the transaction control unit 22 such as the determination unit 24 is performed thereafter (S50). On the other hand, if it is determined in S40 that the sales conditions have not yet been input (N in S40), the presenting unit 12 prompts the patentee to input the sales conditions (S60). Move to control unit 22. Note that the presentation unit 12 may forcibly terminate the transaction, assuming that the patentee does not intend to conduct a transaction unless the sales conditions are input for a predetermined period.

  FIG. 3 is a screen image 200 showing the contents of the announcement in S10. As shown in the figure, the bibliographic information of the patent and the evaluation value according to the mode of disposal are displayed step by step, and the member who actually wants to purchase the patent can check the “Join Purchase” button to enter the condition input procedure. Move.

  FIG. 4 is a screen image 220 for inputting buy-side purchase conditions. Here, as a mode of disposal to be desired, “transfer”, “license S” and the like can be selected, and a bid for each is entered. “License S” conceptually shows one form of the exclusive license and other licenses, and it is actually assumed that many options are prepared according to the detailed contents thereof. The buy side inputs conditions on this screen (S20).

  When there is a buy-side participation, this is notified to the patentee (S30), and if the sales conditions by the patentee have not been entered yet, the screen image 240 shown in FIG. appear. The patent owner inputs the same items as the buy-side, and the processing by the transaction control unit 22 is activated (S60).

  6 to 9 conceptually show the sales conditions and the purchase conditions after the input of the conditions. In FIG. 6, transfer is not permitted as a sales condition, and the license S and the license T are expressed as the intention to accept if the license S and the license T are 3 million yen and 1.5 million yen, respectively. Yes. It is assumed that the license S and the license T, for example, the exclusive license and the normal license, respectively, appear heavier as disposal or those that can be grasped as being closer to transfer first. Thus, in general, the bid is a big number for earlier disposals.

  On the other hand, in FIG. 6, the buy-side conditions may be any of transfer, license S, and license T, and are 3 million yen, 2 million yen, and 1 million yen, respectively. Accordingly, the purchase conditions include three individual conditions. In the situation shown in the figure, since there is a spread between the offer and the bid in the same disposal manner on both sides, the determination unit 24 determines that “the transaction is not successful” and either the disclosure unit 26 or the promotion unit 28 to that effect. Tell the person who is on. A device that is turned on receives re-entry of conditions from one or both of the sell-side and buy-side according to the above-described operation, and an opportunity for renegotiation for closing a transaction is realized.

  FIG. 7 shows that as a result of the buy side changing the bid relating to the license T from 1 million yen to 1.5 million yen in the state of FIG. Shows the scene (hereinafter, the individual conditions under which the transaction is concluded are surrounded by a one-dot chain line). The determination unit 24 notifies the confirmation unit 30 to that effect. The confirmation unit 30 confirms the intention to continue the transaction with the expression “Do you want to renegotiate the individual conditions regarding other disposal modes” to the sell side and the buy side via the presentation unit 12. When one or both of the sell side and the buy side answer “Yes”, the confirmation unit 30 notifies the fact that the disclosure unit 26 or the promotion unit 28 is turned on.

  The disclosure unit 26 or the promotion unit 28 receives this notification, and on both sides, the individual condition other than the individual condition for which the transaction is now established by the above-described method, here, the individual condition regarding the mode of heavy disposal that is closer to transfer. Create an opportunity to renegotiate or agree. If the promotion unit 28 is on, in FIG. 7, the promotion unit 28 first gives a suggestion to the sell side regarding “transfer” of the disposal mode 1, “Is there no room for consideration of transfer”? As a result of the examination by the sell side, if the transfer becomes “possible”, the offer is input to the sell side on the screen shown in FIG. 5 or the like. Thereafter, the transaction control unit 22 is processed again.

  When the promotion unit 28 is off and the disclosure unit 26 is on, for example, part of the other party's condition in the form of disposal 2 on the buy side, such as “In the case of the license S, the buy side has issued a bid of 3 million yen” Is disclosed. In any case, if conditions are re-input from the sell side or buy side, reprocessing by the transaction control unit 22 occurs.

  When it is determined that the transaction has finally been established through renegotiation, the determination unit 24 notifies the support unit 32 to that effect, and an electronic agreement is transmitted to the sell side and the buy side. However, if a negative spread has occurred at this time, the determination unit 24 activates the compensation unit 34 to eliminate the spread before final transaction is established. The operation of the compensation unit 34 will be described later.

  Note that “whether or not the transaction is finally closed” is examined according to the following procedure. First, in terms of implementation, it does not matter whether the condition has undergone the renegotiation process at the timing when the determination unit 24 makes the determination. It simply determines whether the condition matches and the deal is closed. However, when the result of the determination is “transaction is established”, the determination unit 24 checks whether or not the current condition is determined through processing by the confirmation unit 30 and the compensation unit 34 by means of a flag or the like, If so, it is determined that the transaction has finally been closed. Of course, when there is a plurality of room for renegotiation and the sell side or buy side requests further renegotiation, it is determined that the transaction is finally completed when all of them are completed.

  FIG. 8 shows a scene where a negative spread has occurred in another transaction. In the figure, sell-side offers 1 million yen for license S, and buy-side offers 2 million yen bid. Since the determination unit 24 compares the two numbers on the assumption that a negative spread may occur, it is considered that “the transaction is successful” in this case as well, but here, the generation of the negative spread is compensated without closing the transaction. To notify.

  By using the above-described method, the compensation unit 34 sets the amount of transaction for the license S to 1 million yen that is advantageous to the buy side, 1.5 million yen that is split on both sides, and 2 million yen that is advantageous to the sell side. When the negative spread is compensated, the compensation unit 34 notifies the presenting unit 12 to that effect, and notifies the sell side and buy side together with the fact that the transaction from the determination unit 24 has been established. At that time, a supplement regarding the compensation, for example, which side was treated favorably for what reason will be explained.

  FIG. 9 is a scene where another type of negative spread has occurred. Here, the buy side is satisfied with the license S, and the bid is 2 million yen. On the other hand, sell side may even be transferred, and the offer is 2 million yen. The sell-side offers the same terms as the bid, with individual terms regarding heavier disposal aspects that are closer to transfer than buy-side. A negative spread is not only a forehead, but can also occur in terms of disposal. Also in such a case, the determination unit 24 determines that “the transaction is successful” and notifies the compensation unit 34. The compensation unit 34 eliminates the spread by aligning the disposal mode with transfer or aligning with the license S. In general, “assignment” is advantageous to the buy side, “license” is advantageous to the sell side, and the compensation unit 34 may determine the disposal mode with priority given to the side having the spread compensation right. Even when the spread is eliminated by the compensation unit 34, a room for renegotiation by the confirmation unit 30 may be provided.

  FIG. 10 shows a scene where a plurality of buy-sides are participating in yet another transaction. Among those who have made their name as buy-side, company X and company Y meet the sales conditions in the figure and remain in the primary selection. At this time, the determination unit 24 has several countermeasures. As a first method, it is possible to notify the sell side that “Company X and Company Y meet the transaction conditions” via the presentation unit 12 and allow the sell side to select any one company as a transaction partner. . After the opponent is narrowed down, the above-described processing is performed.

  As a second method, the buy side presenting purchase conditions including individual conditions that are more advantageous to the sell side may be suggested to the sell side as the first candidate. At this time, the determination unit 24 also indicates whether the basis for determining the advantage is in the bid or in the form of disposal. In the case of FIG. 10, in the case of bid, Company X presenting 4 million yen for transfer is the first candidate. However, in the case of disposal, Company Y presenting a license S that is lighter than transfer is the first candidate.

  As a third method, “the right to be the first candidate” may be sold to the buy side. In this case, it is assumed that only the first candidate is transmitted to the sell side. For example, when X company presents a higher price than Y company and buys this right, the determination unit 24 notifies the sell side of only X company as a trading partner via the presentation unit 12. Thereafter, the above-described processing is applied.

  On the other hand, if the sell side wants to know all buy-sides that satisfy the sales conditions, there is a method of selling “the right to know all candidates” to the sell side. In this example, the manager can set and sell various rights, but the amount should be in a range that does not disturb the willingness of the transaction, and the manager rather gets a success fee for closing the transaction Is natural.

  In the above, this invention was demonstrated based on the Example. According to this embodiment, the same effect as the auction can be realized while keeping the bid secret. There are multiple members who want to buy a certain patent, and the fact that which member is giving out how many bids is a factor that boosts bids. In normal auctions, the price of an object can be imagined to some extent, so it becomes a bid with bids all over. However, in the case of patents, the price cannot be imagined, and the only way to reliably drop a desired patent in an environment where the bid cannot be seen as in this embodiment is to set a large bid.

Hereinafter, a modification is shown.
In the embodiment, the evaluation server 60 is included in the transaction apparatus 100, but this is not essential. When the evaluation server 60 is outside the transaction apparatus 100, the patent DB 50 may be constructed by taking the evaluation amount from there. Similarly, the transaction apparatus 100 may include the patent DB 50 and the Web server 40, or these may be external.

  In the embodiment, the evaluation amount by the evaluation server 60 is assigned in advance for the patents included in the patent DB 50. However, when the evaluation server 60 participates as a buy-side for a patent with any member (S20 in FIG. 2), the evaluation may be performed for that patent. Alternatively, it may be implemented for a patent in accordance with the timing at which disclosure of the evaluation amount is requested for a patent that has any member. In the latter case, the presentation unit 12 may provide a user interface for the member to make such a request. According to these modified examples, since patents that can actually generate transactions are evaluated, the evaluation efficiency is good.

  In the example, the evaluation amount was displayed in the scene of releasing the transaction information (FIG. 3), but the basis was not attached. Naturally, when the evaluation amount is given, the evaluation server 60 complies with a predetermined evaluation rule. Therefore, a basis may be attached, for example, by indicating evaluation information based on the rule by a score for each evaluation item. This basis is not attached in the initial state, and may be output from the evaluation server 60 when a member requests the evaluation server 60 via the presentation unit 12.

  About the evaluation amount by the evaluation server 60, the presentation part 12 may receive the comment from sell side. The sell-side may feel that the valuation is too low, and fear that the bid will be lowered by this valuation. Therefore, when the transaction information is published as shown in FIG. 3, the comment received by the presentation unit 12 may be listed together with the evaluation amount. The presentation unit 12 may accept a re-evaluation request from the sell side in addition to or instead of the comment from the sell side.

  In the examples, no mention was made after the transaction was established. In the transaction business logic 70, a settlement processing unit (not shown) may be provided in the matching server 10 or in parallel with the matching server 10. An escrow service can be incorporated into the payment processing unit. First, the settlement processing unit requests payment to the buy side via the presentation unit 12. The buy side informs the settlement processing unit via the post-payment receiving unit 14. After the payment processing unit confirms the payment from the buy side, it requests the cell side to execute the disposal of the patent through the presentation unit 12 before remittance to the sell side.

  When the disposal such as the transfer is actually executed by the sell side, the sell side sends the electronic data of the patent original book describing the disposal such as the transfer to the settlement processing unit via the receiving unit 14. The settlement processing unit inspects the received electronic data by a method such as existing character recognition, and confirms that the disposal by the sell side is correct. After confirmation, deduct the transaction fee from the transaction price deposited from the buy side and transfer it to the sell side. The settlement including the escrow function is realized.

  The settlement processing unit may leave the examination of the patent original book to the operator of the transaction apparatus 100. In that case, when the settlement processing unit receives a notice from the sell side that the patent has been disposed of, the settlement processing unit notifies the operator to that effect. When the operator checks the original patent book etc. and actually confirms the disposal, the operator may instruct the settlement processing unit to remit the remaining amount after deducting the transaction fee out of the transaction price deposited from the buy side.

  In the above, this invention was demonstrated based on the Example and the modification. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention includes various combinations of embodiments and modifications without being limited thereto.

  10 matching server, 12 presentation unit, 14 reception unit, 24 determination unit, 26 disclosure unit, 28 promotion unit, 30 confirmation unit, 32 support unit, 34 compensation unit, 36 web server, 50 patent DB, 60 evaluation server, 70 transaction Business logic, 100 transaction equipment.

Claims (16)

A presentation unit that publishes transaction information including the value of the transaction object;
A reception unit that accepts a sales condition including an offer from the sell side for the object and a purchase condition including a bid from the buy side;
A determination unit that determines whether or not a transaction is established between both sides based on accepted sales and purchase conditions;
The transaction apparatus is characterized in that the condition indicated by the other is not disclosed on the sell side and buy side at least until the determination by the determination unit.   The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a disclosure unit that discloses at least a part of the other indicated condition with respect to at least one of the sell side and the buy side when it is determined that the transaction is not established between both sides. A transaction apparatus characterized by. A presentation unit that publishes transaction information including the value of the transaction object;
A reception unit that accepts a sales condition including an offer from the sell side for the object and a purchase condition including a bid from the buy side;
A determination unit that determines whether a transaction is established between both sides based on the accepted sales and purchase conditions,
The presenting unit presents an evaluation amount according to an aspect of disposal of the object,
The said receiving part provides the input screen which can designate the aspect of disposal of the said object to one or both of sell side and buy side, and receives the input of one or both of sales conditions and purchase conditions, The transaction apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. A presentation unit that publishes transaction information including the value of the transaction object;
A reception unit that accepts a sales condition including an offer from the sell side for the object and a purchase condition including a bid from the buy side;
A determination unit that determines whether or not a transaction is established between both sides based on accepted sales and purchase conditions;
And the determination unit determines whether or not the transaction is successful by verifying not only the consistency between the offer and the bid but also the consistency regarding the manner of disposal of the object.   The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when it is determined that a transaction is not established between both sides, a promotion unit that proposes a condition change for establishing a transaction for at least one of both sides. Furthermore, the transaction apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.   In the apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, when it is determined that a transaction is established between both sides, whether or not to renegotiate before both sides negotiate as they are under the conditions that are currently agreed. A transaction apparatus, further comprising a confirmation unit that makes an inquiry to at least one of them.   The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when it is determined that a transaction is established between both sides, if a negative spread occurs between the sales condition and the purchase condition, the spread is eliminated. A transaction apparatus further comprising a compensation unit.   The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: a support unit that transmits an electronic document describing the contents of the agreement to at least one of both sides when it is determined that a transaction is established between the two sides. A characteristic transaction device.   5. The device according to claim 1, wherein when there are a plurality of buy-sides that are determined to have a transaction for one right, the determination unit determines which one based on the purchase conditions of the plurality of buy-sides. A transaction apparatus characterized in that the buy-side is a candidate for transaction. A means of publishing the valuation of the transaction object;
Means for accepting an offer from the sell side and a bid from the buy side for the object;
Means for determining whether the transaction is successful from the accepted offer and bid;
And the means for determining makes a determination on the premise that a negative spread may occur between the offer and the bid. A means of accepting sell-side offers and buy-side bids in undisclosed state for the transaction object;
A means of selling the right to make the spread advantageous to itself when a negative spread occurs on the offer and bid received,
Means to settle the transaction at the bid amount if the sell-side has the right and the offer amount if the buy-side has the right when the negative spread actually occurs; ,
The transaction apparatus characterized by including. A means of publishing the valuation of the transaction object;
Means for accepting bids from a plurality of buy-sides to the object while maintaining an unpublished state;
Means for notifying the sell side of the fact that a bid has entered from the plurality of buy-sides;
The transaction apparatus characterized by including. A means of publishing the valuation of the transaction object;
Means for selecting a plurality of buy-sides satisfying the sales conditions issued from the sell-side for the object;
A means to let the sell side decide the buy side to be actually traded from the selected buy side,
The transaction apparatus characterized by including. Means for accepting purchase conditions from multiple buy-sides with bids undisclosed when conducting an auction on the subject of the transaction;
Means for accepting sales conditions from the sell side of the object;
A means of selecting buy-sides that satisfy the purchase conditions
When there are a plurality of selected buy-sides, a means for suggesting to the sell-side the buy-side that should be a candidate for the transaction,
The transaction apparatus characterized by including. A means for accepting sales conditions including a plurality of individual conditions from the sell-side for a transaction object;
Means for accepting purchase conditions including a plurality of individual conditions from the buy side for the object;
Means for determining that the transaction is successful if any of the individual conditions included in the sales conditions and any of the individual conditions included in the purchase conditions meet,
The transaction apparatus characterized by including. A presentation server for providing transaction information of an object to a user via a network;
A business logic part that performs the processes required for transactions via the sell side and buy side,
A database for storing information on the object,
The business logic part includes an evaluation server and a matching server that each function as an application server,
The evaluation server refers to the information of the object from the database, evaluates the object according to a predetermined criterion, and provides it to the buy side via the presentation server.
The matching server detects a buy-side that has issued a purchase condition that satisfies a selling condition issued by the sell side, and notifies the sell side via the presentation server.

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