JP2011222236A

JP2011222236A - Water battery

Info

Publication number: JP2011222236A
Application number: JP2010088994A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Tadashi Ishikawa; 忠石川; Yoshiaki Hasebe; 良明長谷部
Original assignee: Aqua Power System Japan
Current assignee: Aqua Power System Japan
Priority date: 2010-04-07
Filing date: 2010-04-07
Publication date: 2011-11-04
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-07
Also published as: JP5638273B2

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a comparatively thin and small water battery that is an improvement of conventional water batteries, and that can generate a predetermined electromotive force with a slight amount of water supply.SOLUTION: A layer of positive electrode active material 14 abutting on an inside face of the positive electrode plate 12 intervenes between an positive electrode plate 12 and a negative electrode plate 13 intervenes. An electricity insulator layer intervenes between the positive electrode plate 12 and an inside face of the negative electrode plate 13. Outer surfaces of both positive electrode plate 12 and negative electrode plate 13 are enclosed with an external enclosure sheet 11.

Description

本発明は、水を注入して発電する水電池に関する。 The present invention relates to a water battery that generates electricity by injecting water.

従来、水を注入することによって発電する水電池は公知である。例えば、特許文献１には、水電池の外形を形成する、金属製の負極外筒体と、活性炭からなる正極活物質と、正極活物質に差し込まれたロッド状の正極集電体と、水を正極活物質に供給するための吸水部材とを含む水電池が開示されている。 Conventionally, water batteries that generate electricity by injecting water are known. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a metal negative electrode outer cylinder that forms the outer shape of a water battery, a positive electrode active material made of activated carbon, a rod-shaped positive electrode current collector inserted into the positive electrode active material, and water. A water battery including a water absorbing member for supplying a positive electrode active material to a positive electrode active material is disclosed.

実用新案登録第３１１２８６９号Utility model registration No.3112869

特許文献１に開示された水電池では、円筒状の負極外筒体の底面に形成された注水口から負極外筒体の内部に注入された水が吸水部材を介して正極活物質に浸透し、両電極間に起電力を生じさせることによって、一定時間所要の電流を発生させることができる。 In the water battery disclosed in Patent Document 1, water injected from the water inlet formed in the bottom surface of the cylindrical negative electrode outer cylinder into the negative electrode outer cylinder penetrates the positive electrode active material through the water absorbing member. By generating an electromotive force between both electrodes, a required current can be generated for a certain time.

本発明の課題は、従来の技術における水電池の改良であって、微量の水分の供給によって所定の起電力を発生させることのできる比較的に薄型で小型の水電池を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to improve a water battery in the prior art, and to provide a relatively thin and small water battery that can generate a predetermined electromotive force by supplying a small amount of moisture.

前記課題を解決するために、本発明が対象とするのは、縦方向及び横方向と、正極端子を有する正極電極板と、負極端子を有する負極電極板と、前記正極電極板と前記負極電極板との間に位置する正極活物質とを含む水電池である。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is directed to a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, a positive electrode plate having a positive terminal, a negative electrode plate having a negative terminal, the positive electrode plate, and the negative electrode. It is a water battery containing the positive electrode active material located between plates.

本発明が特徴とするところは、電気絶縁性及び透水性の外包シートをさらに含み、前記正極電極板と前記負極電極板との間において、前記正極電極板の内面に当接する前記正極活物質の層と、前記正極活物質の層と前記負極電極板の内面との間に位置する電気絶縁体の層とが介在し、前記正極電極板と前記負極電極板の両外面が前記外包シートによって被包されていることにある。 The present invention is characterized by further comprising an electrically insulating and water-permeable outer sheet, and the positive electrode active material contacting the inner surface of the positive electrode plate between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. And a layer of an electrical insulator positioned between the positive electrode active material layer and the inner surface of the negative electrode plate, and both outer surfaces of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are covered by the outer sheet. It is in the package.

本発明における他の実施態様の一つは、前記外包シートが第１面及びそれに対向する第２面を有し、前記正極電極板、前記負極電極板及び前記正極活物質がそれぞれ前記横方向に所与寸法離間して前記外包シートの前記第１面に配置されており、前記外包シートにおける前記縦方向へ延びる複数の折曲線に沿って前記外包シートを折り曲げることによって、前記正極電極板と前記正極活物質とが互いに当接して重なり合い、かつ、前記正極活物質と前記負極電極板とが前記外包シートの一部を介して重なり合っており、前記正極電極板と、前記正極活物質及び前記負極電極板とが積層された状態で前記外包シートに被包されている。 In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer sheet has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the positive electrode active material are respectively in the lateral direction. The positive electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are disposed on the first surface of the outer sheet at a given distance, and by folding the outer sheet along a plurality of folding lines extending in the longitudinal direction of the outer sheet. The positive electrode active material is in contact with and overlapped with each other, and the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode plate overlap with each other through a part of the outer sheet, and the positive electrode plate, the positive electrode active material, and the negative electrode The electrode plate is encapsulated in the outer sheet in a stacked state.

本発明における他の実施態様の一つは、前記外包シートが、前記縦方向へ延びる第１及び第２側縁と、前記第１及び第２側縁と並行に延びる第１〜第３折曲線とを有し、前記外包シートの前記第１面が、前記第１側縁と前記第１折曲線との間に画成された第１区域と、前記第１折曲線と前記第２折曲線との間に画成された第２区域と、前記第２折曲線と前記第３折曲線との間に画成された第３区域と、前記第３折曲線と前記第２側縁との間に画成された第４区域とに区分されており、前記第１区域には、接着剤を介して前記正極活物質が固定されており、
前記第２区域には、前記正極電極板が配置されており、前記第３区域には、前記負極電極板が配置されており、前記第４区域には、前記第２側縁に沿って延びる接着域が形成されている。 In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer sheet has first and second side edges extending in the longitudinal direction, and first to third folding lines extending in parallel with the first and second side edges. A first area defined between the first side edge and the first folding curve, and the first folding curve and the second folding curve. A second section defined between the second folding line and the third folding line, a third section defined between the second folding line and the third folding line, and the third folding line and the second side edge. The positive electrode active material is fixed to the first area via an adhesive, and is divided into a fourth area defined between the four areas.
The positive electrode plate is disposed in the second area, the negative electrode plate is disposed in the third area, and extends along the second side edge in the fourth area. An adhesive zone is formed.

本発明における他の実施態様の一つは、前記正極電極板のうちの前記外包シートの一部を介して前記負極電極板と対向する側の面に、前記正極活物質が固定されている。 In another embodiment of the present invention, the positive electrode active material is fixed to a surface of the positive electrode plate facing the negative electrode plate through a part of the outer sheet.

本発明における他の実施態様の一つは、前記外包シートが前記正極電極板を挿入して保持するための袋状の保持部を有し、前記保持部を形成する外包シートの一部の内面に前記正極活物質が固定されている。 In another embodiment of the present invention, the outer sheet has a bag-shaped holding part for inserting and holding the positive electrode plate, and an inner surface of a part of the outer sheet forming the holding part The positive electrode active material is fixed to.

本発明における他の実施態様の一つは、前記接着域が前記第４区域の全域またはその一部に間欠的に配置された複数の接合部から形成されている。 In another embodiment of the present invention, the bonding area is formed of a plurality of joint portions that are intermittently arranged in the entire area of the fourth area or a part thereof.

本発明に係る水電池によれば、外包シートによって正極電極板などの各構成材料が積層された状態で被包されているので、従来の筒状の水電池に比べて薄く、かつ、軽量で小型である。また、水電池に微量の水分を供給することによって、各構成材料間に介在された外包シート（または電気絶縁体の層）を通じて正極活物質に水分を拡散させることができ、所要の起電力を速やかに生じさせることができる。 According to the water battery of the present invention, each constituent material such as the positive electrode plate is encapsulated by the outer sheet so that it is thinner and lighter than the conventional tubular water battery. It is small. In addition, by supplying a small amount of moisture to the water battery, moisture can be diffused into the positive electrode active material through the outer sheet (or an electrical insulator layer) interposed between the constituent materials, and the required electromotive force can be reduced. It can be generated promptly.

本発明の第１実施形態における水電池の斜視図。The perspective view of the water battery in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 水電池を展開した状態における平面図。The top view in the state where the water battery was developed. 水電池の組立工程の一部を示す斜視図。The perspective view which shows a part of assembly process of a water battery. 図１のＩＶ−ＩＶ線断面図。IV-IV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 本発明の第２実施形態における水電池の図２と同様の平面図。The top view similar to FIG. 2 of the water battery in 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第３実施形態における水電池の平面図。The top view of the water battery in 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 図６のＶＩＩ−ＶＩＩ線断面図。VII-VII line sectional drawing of FIG. 本発明の第４実施形態における水電池の図２と同様の平面図。The top view similar to FIG. 2 of the water battery in 4th Embodiment of this invention.

図１は、本発明の第１実施形態における水電池の斜視図、図２は、水電池を展開した状態における平面図、図３は、水電池の組立工程の一部を示す斜視図、図４は、図１のＩＶ−ＩＶ線断面図である。 FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a water battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the water battery in a developed state, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a part of the assembly process of the water battery. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG.

図１及び２に示すとおり、水電池１０は、縦方向Ｙ及び横方向Ｘと、外包シート１１と、外包シート１１に被包された電荷を集めるための正極電極板１２と、負極電極板１３と、外包シート１１内において正極電極板１２と負極電極板１３との間に位置する正極活物質１４とを含む。図３に示すとおり、正極電極板１２と、負極電極板１３及び正極活物質１４とは、外包シート１１に積層された状態で被包されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water battery 10 includes a longitudinal direction Y and a lateral direction X, an outer packaging sheet 11, a positive electrode plate 12 for collecting charges encapsulated in the outer packaging sheet 11, and a negative electrode plate 13. And a positive electrode active material 14 positioned between the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 in the outer sheet 11. As shown in FIG. 3, the positive electrode plate 12, the negative electrode plate 13, and the positive electrode active material 14 are encapsulated in a state of being laminated on the outer sheet 11.

また、水電池１０の本体は、縦方向Ｙへ互いに並行に延びる第１及び第２側縁部１６，１７と、縦方向Ｙにおいて離間対向して位置する第１及び第２開口端部１８，１９とによって画成された略長方形状であって、第１開口端部１８から正極電極板１２の正極端子１２ａと負極電極板１３の負極端子１３ａとが縦方向Ｙ外方向へ突出している。正極端子１２ａと負極端子１３ａとの間には、それらの導通を防止するための絶縁シール２０が配置されており、正極端子１２ａ及び／または負極端子１３ａに貼り付けられている。また、正極端子１２ａ及び負極端子１３ａは、ワックスなどを塗布してなる防水処理が施されており、外包シート１１から発電に要する所定の水分が吸収される限りにおいて、第１及び第２開口端部１８，１９は、接着剤またはヒートシール加工によって封止されていてもよい。なお、本実施形態では、水電池１０全体の縦方向Ｙにおける長さ寸法を小さくするために、正極端子１２ａと負極端子１３ａとがともに第１開口端部１８から縦方向Ｙの外方へ延びているが、正極端子１２ａと負極端子１３ａとが互いに異なる第１及び第２開口端部１８，１９から縦方向Ｙの外方へ延びていてもよい。その場合には、正極端子１２ａと負極端子１３ａとが互いに重なり合うことはないので、絶縁シール２０は不要である。 The main body of the water battery 10 includes first and second side edges 16 and 17 that extend in parallel to each other in the vertical direction Y, and first and second open end portions 18 that are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction Y. 19, the positive terminal 12 a of the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative terminal 13 a of the negative electrode plate 13 protrude from the first opening end 18 outward in the vertical direction Y. An insulating seal 20 is disposed between the positive electrode terminal 12a and the negative electrode terminal 13a to prevent conduction between them, and is attached to the positive electrode terminal 12a and / or the negative electrode terminal 13a. The positive electrode terminal 12a and the negative electrode terminal 13a are waterproofed by applying wax or the like, and the first and second open ends are as long as the predetermined moisture required for power generation is absorbed from the outer sheet 11. The parts 18 and 19 may be sealed by an adhesive or a heat seal process. In the present embodiment, in order to reduce the length of the entire water battery 10 in the vertical direction Y, both the positive terminal 12a and the negative terminal 13a extend from the first opening end 18 outward in the vertical direction Y. However, the positive electrode terminal 12a and the negative electrode terminal 13a may extend outward in the vertical direction Y from the first and second opening end portions 18 and 19 which are different from each other. In that case, since the positive electrode terminal 12a and the negative electrode terminal 13a do not overlap each other, the insulating seal 20 is unnecessary.

外包シート１１は、電気絶縁性及び透液性のシート材料から作られており、たとえば、透水性の繊維不織布、多孔質のプラスチックフィルムなどから形成されている。 The envelope sheet 11 is made of an electrically insulating and liquid-permeable sheet material, and is formed of, for example, a water-permeable fiber nonwoven fabric or a porous plastic film.

また、外包シート１１は、図２に示すとおり、その展開状態において、第１面２１Ａ及び第２面２１Ｂと、横方向Ｘにおいて互いに離間対向して縦方向へ延びる第１及び第２側縁２２，２３と、縦方向Ｙにおいて互いに離間対向して横方向へ延びる第１及び第２端縁２４，２５とによって画成された略正方形状であって、第１側縁と第２側縁２２，２３との間には、縦方向へ延びる第１〜第３折曲線２６，２７，２８が形成されている。外包シート１１は、第１及び第２側縁２２，２３と、第１〜第３折曲線２６，２７，２８とによってその横方向Ｘにおける幅寸法が４つにほぼ均等に区分されている。具体的には、第１側縁２２と第１折曲線２６との間に画成された第１区域３０と、第１折曲線２６と第２折曲線２７との間に画成された第２区域３１と、第２折曲線２７と第３折曲線２８との間に画成された第３区域３２と、第３折曲線２８と第２側縁２３との間に画成された第４区域３３とに区分されている。なお、外包シート１１の第４区域３３の第２側縁２３側には、縦方向Ｙに延びる接着域３５が形成されている。なお、水電池内部に水分が浸透するのを阻害しない限りにおいて、接着域３５は、接着剤ではなく、ヒートシール加工によって接合されていてもよい。 Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the envelope sheet 11, in its unfolded state, the first surface 21 </ b> A and the second surface 21 </ b> B and the first and second side edges 22 extending in the vertical direction while being spaced apart from each other in the lateral direction X. , 23 and the first and second end edges 24, 25 that are spaced apart from each other in the longitudinal direction Y and extend in the lateral direction. The first side edge 22 and the second side edge 22 , 23 are formed with first to third folding lines 26, 27, 28 extending in the vertical direction. The outer sheet 11 is divided into four substantially equal width dimensions in the lateral direction X by the first and second side edges 22 and 23 and the first to third folding lines 26, 27 and 28. Specifically, the first area 30 defined between the first side edge 22 and the first folding line 26, and the first segment 30 defined between the first folding line 26 and the second folding line 27. A second section 31, a third section 32 defined between the second folding line 27 and the third folding line 28, and a third section defined between the third folding line 28 and the second side edge 23. It is divided into 4 zones 33. An adhesive region 35 extending in the longitudinal direction Y is formed on the second side edge 23 side of the fourth area 33 of the outer sheet 11. In addition, as long as it does not inhibit the water | moisture content osmose | permeating inside a water battery, the adhesion area | region 35 may be joined by the heat seal process instead of an adhesive agent.

正極電極板１２は、外包シート１１の第２区域３１に配置された略長方形状の薄板であって、比較的に導電性が強くイオン化傾向の小さい、電気化学的に比較的安定な、例えば、ニッケル、銅、銀等の金属またはこれらの金属を主体とする合金から作られている。 The positive electrode plate 12 is a substantially rectangular thin plate disposed in the second region 31 of the outer sheet 11 and has a relatively high conductivity and a small ionization tendency, and is electrochemically stable. It is made of a metal such as nickel, copper, silver or an alloy mainly composed of these metals.

負極電極板１３は、外包シート１１の第３区域３２に配置された、正極電極板１２とほぼ同形同大の薄板であって、イオン化及び／または酸化傾向が比較的に大きな電極活物質、例えば、金属マグネシウム、アルミニウム、亜鉛などまたはそれらを少なくとも２種以上含む合金から作られている。 The negative electrode plate 13 is a thin plate having the same shape and the same size as the positive electrode plate 12 disposed in the third region 32 of the outer sheet 11 and having a relatively large ionization and / or oxidation tendency. For example, it is made of metallic magnesium, aluminum, zinc or the like or an alloy containing at least two of them.

正極活物質１４は、外包シート１１の第１区域３０にスプレー状に塗布された接着剤を介して固定された粉末状であって、比較的に酸化力が強い酸化物質、例えば、活性炭、二酸化マンガン、酸化鉄、結晶性の酸化銀などの混合物から作られており、混合物の種類や混合比率は、所要の酸化力に応じて自由に設定することができる。また、全体として比較的に薄型の水電池１０を形成するために、少ない量で所要の起電力の発生を可能とすべく、活性炭に用いる材料の種類を複数使用したり、炭化する前に予め加工処理したものを用いることもできる。なお、本発明では、正極活物質１４は、粉末状であるが、活性炭などの各種粉末をシート状に成形して、第１区域３０に接着剤を介して固定してもよい。 The positive electrode active material 14 is in the form of a powder fixed to the first region 30 of the outer sheet 11 via an adhesive applied in a spray form, and has a relatively strong oxidizing power, such as activated carbon, carbon dioxide, and the like. It is made from a mixture of manganese, iron oxide, crystalline silver oxide and the like, and the type and mixing ratio of the mixture can be freely set according to the required oxidizing power. In addition, in order to form a relatively thin water battery 10 as a whole, a plurality of types of materials used for activated carbon are used before or carbonization in advance in order to enable generation of a required electromotive force in a small amount. What was processed can also be used. In the present invention, the positive electrode active material 14 is in a powder form, but various powders such as activated carbon may be formed into a sheet shape and fixed to the first region 30 with an adhesive.

水電池１０を図２に示した展開状態から図１の組み立て状態とするためには、まず、図３に示すとおり、第１折曲線２６に沿って外包シート１１の第１区域３０側の部位を内側に折り返して、第１区域３０と第２区域３１とを互いに対向させ、すなわち、第１区域３０に固定された正極活物質１４と第２区域３１に配置された正極電極板１２とを当接した状態で重ね合わせる。次に、第２折曲線２７に沿って正極電極板１２と正極活物質１４とが被包された部位を内側へ折り返し、正極活物質１４が固定された第１区域３０の第２面２１Ｂと第３区域３２に位置する負極電極板１３とを当接させて重ね合わせる。最後に、第３折曲案内線２８に沿って第４区域３３を第２区域３１の第２面２１Ｂに向かって折り返し、接着域３５を介して第４区域３３を第２区域３１の第２面２１Ｂに固定することによって、薄型の水電池１０を組み立てることができる。 In order to change the water battery 10 from the unfolded state shown in FIG. 2 to the assembled state shown in FIG. 1, first, as shown in FIG. 3, the site on the first section 30 side of the outer sheet 11 along the first folding line 26. And the first area 30 and the second area 31 are opposed to each other, that is, the positive electrode active material 14 fixed to the first area 30 and the positive electrode plate 12 disposed in the second area 31 are Superimpose in contact. Next, a portion where the positive electrode plate 12 and the positive electrode active material 14 are encapsulated is folded inward along the second folding line 27, and the second surface 21B of the first section 30 to which the positive electrode active material 14 is fixed The negative electrode plate 13 located in the third area 32 is brought into contact with each other and overlapped. Finally, the fourth section 33 is folded back along the third folding guide line 28 toward the second surface 21B of the second section 31, and the fourth section 33 is connected to the second section 31 of the second section 31 via the bonding area 35. The thin water battery 10 can be assembled by fixing to the surface 21B.

図４に示すとおり、水電池１０の内部において、正極電極板１２と正極活物質１４とは当接した状態であって、正極活物質１４は、それが固定された外包シート１１を介して負極電極板１２と接している。かかる態様を有する水電池１０において、外包シート１１の第２面２１Ｂ及び／または第１及び第２開口端部１８，１９からその内部に水分が浸透したときには、外包シート１１の第１区域３０を画成する部位を介して正極活物質１４に水分が拡散され、拡散された水分が酸化反応触媒として作用して両電極板１２，１３間にイオン化反応が生じることによって、起電力が発生する。 As shown in FIG. 4, the positive electrode plate 12 and the positive electrode active material 14 are in contact with each other inside the water battery 10, and the positive electrode active material 14 is connected to the negative electrode through the outer sheet 11 to which the positive electrode active material 14 is fixed. It is in contact with the electrode plate 12. In the water battery 10 having such an aspect, when moisture penetrates into the inside from the second surface 21B and / or the first and second opening end portions 18 and 19 of the outer sheet 11, the first area 30 of the outer sheet 11 is formed. Moisture is diffused into the positive electrode active material 14 through the site to be defined, and the diffused moisture acts as an oxidation reaction catalyst to cause an ionization reaction between the electrode plates 12 and 13, thereby generating an electromotive force.

本発明にかかる水電池１０は、外包シート１１によって各構成材料が積層された状態で被包されているので、従来の筒状の水電池に比べて薄く、かつ、軽量で小型である。また、水電池１０に比較的に微量の水分が供給された場合であっても、各構成材料間に介在された外包シート１１を通じて正極活物質１４において水分を拡散させることができ、所要の起電力を速やかに生じさせることができる。 Since the water battery 10 according to the present invention is encapsulated in a state in which each constituent material is laminated by the outer sheet 11, it is thinner, lighter and smaller than the conventional cylindrical water battery. Further, even when a relatively small amount of moisture is supplied to the water battery 10, the moisture can be diffused in the positive electrode active material 14 through the outer sheet 11 interposed between the constituent materials. Electric power can be generated quickly.

以下に本発明の実施例を説明する。なお、本実施例は、あくまでも発明の理解を容易にするためのものであり、各種条件は実施例に制限されるものではない。 Examples of the present invention will be described below. In addition, a present Example is for making an understanding of invention easy to the last, and various conditions are not restrict | limited to an Example.

本実施例の水電池１０は、その縦方向Ｙの長さ寸法、すなわち、第１及び第２側縁部１６，１７の縦方向Ｙの長さ寸法が約１０.０ｍｍ、第１及び第２開口端部１８，１９の横方向Ｘにおける長さ寸法が約５.０ｍｍ、また、その厚さ（Ｚ方向の高さ）が約０．３ｍｍである。さらに、表面積が約５０ｍｍ^２の正極電極板１２及び負極電極板１３と、活性炭等を所定比率で混同してなる約０．０５ｇの正極活物質１４とを使用した。 In the water battery 10 of the present embodiment, the length dimension in the vertical direction Y, that is, the length dimension in the vertical direction Y of the first and second side edges 16 and 17 is about 10.0 mm, and the first and second lengths. The length dimension in the lateral direction X of the open end portions 18 and 19 is about 5.0 mm, and the thickness (the height in the Z direction) is about 0.3 mm. Further, a positive electrode plate 12 and a negative electrode plate 13 having a surface area of about 50 mm ² and about 0.05 g of a positive electrode active material 14 obtained by mixing activated carbon or the like at a predetermined ratio were used.

かかる条件において、外包シートの第４区域３３の第２面２１Ｂに約１００ｍｇの水分を浸透させたところ、正極端子１２ａと負極端子１３ａとの間に約５.０ｍＡの電流が１０秒間流れた。なお、正極活物質１４を０．０５ｇ以上用いる場合には、正極電極板１２と負極電極板１３とは表面積が約５０ｍｍ^２程度又はそれ以上であることが好ましい。なお、所要の大きさの電流を生じさせるために、正極電極板１２と負極電極板１３との表面積の大きさ、形状は種々変更することができる。特に、５．０ｍＡ以下の電流を生じさせる場合には、正極電極板１２と負極電極板１３との表面積をさらに小さくすることができ、水電池１０全体の大きさをより小さくすることによってさらに小型化することができる。 Under such conditions, when about 100 mg of water was permeated into the second surface 21B of the fourth section 33 of the outer sheet, a current of about 5.0 mA flowed between the positive electrode terminal 12a and the negative electrode terminal 13a for 10 seconds. When 0.05 g or more of the positive electrode active material 14 is used, the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 preferably have a surface area of about 50 mm ² or more. In addition, in order to generate the electric current of a required magnitude | size, the magnitude | size and shape of the surface area of the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 can be variously changed. In particular, when a current of 5.0 mA or less is generated, the surface area of the positive electrode plate 12 and the negative electrode plate 13 can be further reduced, and the size of the water battery 10 as a whole can be further reduced. Can be

なお、本実施形態のほかに、正極電極板１２、正極活物質１４及び負極電極板１３を積層した状態で、正極活物質１４と負極電極板１３との間に外包シート１１とは別体の電気絶縁体の層（セパレータ）を介在させて、外包シート１１でそれらを被包した態様、すなわち、図１で示す外形状及び図４で示す断面構造を有するものであれば、一枚の外包シート１１を折り曲げて形成したものでなくともよい。 In addition to the present embodiment, in a state where the positive electrode plate 12, the positive electrode active material 14, and the negative electrode plate 13 are stacked, the outer sheet 11 is separated from the positive electrode active material 14 and the negative electrode plate 13. If the layer (separator) of the electrical insulator is interposed and the envelope sheet 11 encapsulates them, that is, the outer shape shown in FIG. 1 and the cross-sectional structure shown in FIG. The sheet 11 may not be formed by bending.

図５は、本発明の第２実施形態を示す図２と同様の平面図である。本実施形態における水電池１０の基本的構成は、第１実施形態とほぼ同様であるので、相違する点についてのみ以下に説明する。 FIG. 5 is a plan view similar to FIG. 2 showing a second embodiment of the present invention. Since the basic configuration of the water battery 10 in the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, only differences will be described below.

図５に示すとおり、本実施形態では、正極電極板１２のうちの積層された状態において第１区域３０と対向する側の表面全体に正極活物質１４が接着剤を介して固定されている。かかる態様の場合には、正極電極板１２の表面に正極活物質１４が直接に固定されているので、その（負極電極板１３と対向する面の）表面積全体を確実に電気化学反応に用いることができ、発電効率が良い。また、正極活物質１４は、外包シート１１の第１区域３０にも固定されているので、所定量の正極活物質１４を外包シート１１内で位置ずれさせることなく、その内部に安定的に保持することができる。 As shown in FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, the positive electrode active material 14 is fixed to the entire surface of the positive electrode plate 12 on the side facing the first section 30 with an adhesive. In this embodiment, since the positive electrode active material 14 is directly fixed to the surface of the positive electrode plate 12, the entire surface area (of the surface facing the negative electrode plate 13) is surely used for the electrochemical reaction. Power generation efficiency is good. Further, since the positive electrode active material 14 is also fixed to the first area 30 of the outer sheet 11, a predetermined amount of the positive electrode active material 14 is stably held inside the outer sheet 11 without being displaced. can do.

図６は、本発明の第３実施形態を示す図３と同様の水電池１０の展開図、図７は、図６のＶＩＩ−ＶＩＩ線断面図である。本実施形態における水電池１０の基本的構成は、第１実施形態とほぼ同様であるので、相違する点について以下に述べる。 FIG. 6 is a development view of the water battery 10 similar to FIG. 3 showing the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG. Since the basic configuration of the water battery 10 in the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the differences will be described below.

図６に示すとおり、本実施形態では、外包シート１１が袋状に形成された保持部４０を有しており、保持部４０には正極電極板１２が挿入され、保持部４０の正極電極板１２と対向する側の内面には、正極活物質１４が接着剤を介して固定されている。水電池１０がかかる態様の場合には、正極電極板１２が保持部４０内で安定的に保持されるとともに、たとえ、正極電極板１２が外力によって湾曲されたとしても、正極電極板１２と正極活物質１４とが離間することなく、安定的に電気化学反応を生じさせることができる。なお、保持部４０は、第１実施形態における外包シート１１の第１区域３０を第１折曲線２６に沿って内側に折り返し、第２区域３１と重ね合わせて、第１側縁２２と第１面２１Ａの第２折曲線２７近傍と、第１区域３０と第２区域３１との第２端縁２５側の縁部どうしとをヒートシール加工または接着剤を塗布することによって形成してもよい。 As shown in FIG. 6, in the present embodiment, the outer sheet 11 has a holding portion 40 formed in a bag shape, the positive electrode plate 12 is inserted into the holding portion 40, and the positive electrode plate of the holding portion 40. The positive electrode active material 14 is fixed to the inner surface on the side facing 12 via an adhesive. In the case of the water battery 10, the positive electrode plate 12 is stably held in the holding unit 40, and even if the positive electrode plate 12 is curved by an external force, the positive electrode plate 12 and the positive electrode An electrochemical reaction can be stably generated without being separated from the active material 14. In addition, the holding | maintenance part 40 folds the 1st area 30 of the outer sheet | seat 11 in 1st Embodiment inside along the 1st folding line 26, and overlap | superposed with the 2nd area 31, 1st side edge 22 and 1st The vicinity of the second folding line 27 of the surface 21A and the edges of the first section 30 and the second section 31 on the second end edge 25 side may be formed by heat sealing or applying an adhesive. .

図８は、本発明の第４実施形態を示す図２と同様の水電池１０の展開図である。本実施形態における水電池１０の基本的構成は、第１実施形態とほぼ同様であるので、相違する点について以下に述べる。 FIG. 8 is a development view of the water battery 10 similar to FIG. 2 showing the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Since the basic configuration of the water battery 10 in the present embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the differences will be described below.

図８に示すとおり、本実施形態では、第４区域３３の全面に接着域３５が設けられており、接着域３５は、ドット状に塗布された接着剤からなる複数の接合部４２によって形成されている。かかる実施形態の場合には、接着域３５が第４区域３３の全面に形成されているので、第４区域３３を第２区域３１の外面に安定的に固定することができるとともに、接着剤が間欠的に塗布されているので、各接着部４２間において水分を水電池１０の内部に速やかに浸透させることができる。なお、所要の水分の浸透が可能な限りにおいて、接着域３５は第４区域３３の全域ではなく、一部に形成されていてもよい。また、各接合部４２は接着剤ではなく、ヒートシールによって接合がなされていてもよいし、ドット状ではなく、互いに縦方向Ｙ又は横方向Ｘに所与寸法離間して延びる複数のラインから形成されていてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 8, in the present embodiment, an adhesive area 35 is provided on the entire surface of the fourth area 33, and the adhesive area 35 is formed by a plurality of joint portions 42 made of an adhesive applied in a dot shape. ing. In the case of such an embodiment, since the adhesion area 35 is formed on the entire surface of the fourth area 33, the fourth area 33 can be stably fixed to the outer surface of the second area 31, and the adhesive can be used. Since it is applied intermittently, moisture can quickly penetrate into the water battery 10 between the bonding portions 42. In addition, as long as the permeation | transmission of required water | moisture content is possible, the adhesion area | region 35 may be formed in a part instead of the whole area of the 4th area 33. Further, each joining portion 42 may be joined by heat sealing instead of an adhesive, and is not formed in a dot shape, but is formed from a plurality of lines extending apart from each other by a predetermined dimension in the longitudinal direction Y or the lateral direction X. May be.

本発明に係る水電池１０は、その機能が発揮される限りにおいて様々な分野に用いることができるが、例えば、使い捨ておむつの内部にセンサ機能を有する超小型機器とともに水電池１０を配置し、排出された尿が外包シート１１に浸透することによって水電池１０が発電してセンサ機能を作動させたり、湿度の変化する限られた空間に水電池１０を配置し、該空間が所定以上の湿度に達したときに、発生した水分を吸収して水電池１０が発電し、センサ機能を作動させたりすることなどに用いることができる。さらに、図示していないが、本発明に係る水電池１０を複数個並列に積層させることによって、１つの水電池１０による起電力よりも数倍〜数百倍の起電力を生じさせることもできる。 The water battery 10 according to the present invention can be used in various fields as long as the function is exhibited. For example, the water battery 10 is disposed in a disposable diaper together with a micro device having a sensor function and discharged. The water cell 10 generates power by operating the sensor sheet function by the permeated urine permeating into the outer sheet 11, or the water cell 10 is disposed in a limited space where the humidity changes, and the space becomes a predetermined humidity or higher. When it reaches, the generated water is absorbed and the water battery 10 can generate electric power to activate the sensor function. Furthermore, although not illustrated, by laminating a plurality of water batteries 10 according to the present invention in parallel, an electromotive force several to several hundred times higher than the electromotive force of one water battery 10 can be generated. .

１０水電池
１１外包シート
１２正極電極板
１２ａ正極端子
１３負極電極板
１３ａ負極端子
１４正極活物質
２１Ａ外包シートの第１面
２１Ｂ外包シートの第２面
２２第１側縁
２３第２側縁
２６第１折曲線
２７第２折曲線
２８第３折曲線
３０第１区域
３１第２区域
３２第３区域
３３第４区域
３５接着域
４０保持部
４２接合部
Ｘ横方向
Ｙ縦方向 10 water battery 11 outer sheet 12 positive electrode plate 12a positive electrode terminal 13 negative electrode plate 13a negative electrode terminal 14 positive electrode active material 21A first surface 21B of outer sheet second surface 22 of outer sheet 22 first side edge 23 second side edge 26 second 1st fold line 27 2nd fold line 28 3rd fold line 30 1st area 31 2nd area 32 3rd area 33 4th area 35 Adhesive area 40 Holding part 42 Joining part X Horizontal direction Y Vertical direction

Claims

In a water battery comprising a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, a positive electrode plate having a positive electrode terminal, a negative electrode plate having a negative electrode terminal, and a positive electrode active material located between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate,
Further comprising an electrically insulating and water permeable outer sheet,
Between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate, electrical insulation is provided between the positive electrode active material layer contacting the inner surface of the positive electrode plate, and between the positive electrode active material layer and the inner surface of the negative electrode plate. A body layer is interposed, and both outer surfaces of the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are encapsulated by the outer sheet.

The outer sheet has a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the positive electrode active material are spaced apart from each other by a given dimension in the lateral direction. The positive electrode plate and the positive electrode active material are in contact with each other and overlap each other by bending the outer sheet along a plurality of folding lines extending in the longitudinal direction of the outer sheet. And the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode plate overlap with each other through a part of the outer sheet, and the outer sheet in a state where the positive electrode plate, the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode plate are laminated. The water battery according to claim 1, which is encapsulated.

The outer sheet has first and second side edges extending in the longitudinal direction, and first to third folding lines extending in parallel with the first and second side edges,
The first surface of the outer sheet is defined between a first area defined between the first side edge and the first folding curve, and between the first folding curve and the second folding curve. A second zone defined, a third zone defined between the second fold curve and the third fold curve, and a third zone defined between the third fold curve and the second side edge. It is divided into the fourth area,
The positive electrode active material is fixed to the first area via an adhesive,
The positive electrode plate is disposed in the second area,
The negative electrode plate is disposed in the third area,
The water battery according to claim 1, wherein an adhesion area extending along the second side edge is formed in the fourth area.

The water battery according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the positive electrode active material is fixed to a surface of the positive electrode plate facing the negative electrode plate through a part of the outer sheet.

The outer packaging sheet has a bag-shaped holding portion for inserting and holding the positive electrode plate, and the positive electrode active material is fixed to an inner surface of a part of the outer packaging sheet forming the holding portion. The water battery according to any one of 2 to 4.

The water battery according to claim 3, wherein the adhesion area is formed of a plurality of joint portions that are intermittently disposed in the entire area of the fourth area or a part thereof.