JP2011220891A - Particle-spraying device and flow field observation system using the same - Google Patents

Particle-spraying device and flow field observation system using the same Download PDF

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JP2011220891A
JP2011220891A JP2010091526A JP2010091526A JP2011220891A JP 2011220891 A JP2011220891 A JP 2011220891A JP 2010091526 A JP2010091526 A JP 2010091526A JP 2010091526 A JP2010091526 A JP 2010091526A JP 2011220891 A JP2011220891 A JP 2011220891A
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model ship
flow field
towing vehicle
particle
water
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Shigeki Nagaya
茂樹 長屋
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a particle-spraying device to observe the stream current surrounding a model ship when the model ship is towed in a water tank, and a flow field observation system using the device.SOLUTION: A towing system is configured that a towing vehicle 11 placed in a water tank 10 tows a model ship 12 floating on the water in the water tank 10. The towing vehicle 11 is provided with a spray nozzle 18 that sprays tracer particles over the water surrounding the model ship to be towed.

Description

本発明は、水槽での模型船周りの流場計測に使用する粒子散布装置及びこれを用いた流場観測装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a particle scattering device used for measuring a flow field around a model ship in a water tank, and a flow field observation device using the same.

従来、風洞実験においては、測定対象物周りの気流の流れを可視化すべく、気流にトレーサー粒子散布ノズルからミストを平行に散布したりスモークなどを散布して気流に平行にトレーサー粒子を流して観測することが広くなされている（特許文献１）。   Conventionally, in wind tunnel experiments, in order to visualize the flow of airflow around the measurement object, mist is sprayed in parallel from the tracer particle spray nozzle or smoke is sprayed on the airflow, and tracer particles are flowed in parallel to the airflow. It is widely done (Patent Document 1).

また、水理模型実験で水流を観測するものとしては、トレーサーノズルから染料などの液体を水流と共に流して観測することがなされている（特許文献２）。   Moreover, as what observes a water flow in a hydraulic model experiment, it is made to observe by flowing liquids, such as dye, with a water flow from a tracer nozzle (patent document 2).

水槽に模型船などを浮かべて、その模型船周りの水流を観測（流場観測）する場合には、特許文献３に示されるように水槽をループ状にした回流水槽を用いる方法が従来行われている。回流水槽でトレーサー粒子を流して観測を行う場合には、水（流体）を繰り返し循環するので、トレーサー粒子も同様に循環するためトレーサーの観測は容易である。しかし、循環式の回流水槽では、水流の均一性が十分でないため、精度の高い流場観測が困難という問題がある。   When a model ship or the like is floated in the tank and the water flow around the model ship is observed (flow field observation), as shown in Patent Document 3, a method using a circulating water tank having a looped tank is conventionally performed. ing. When observation is performed by flowing tracer particles in a circulating water tank, since water (fluid) is repeatedly circulated, the tracer particles are similarly circulated, so that the tracer can be easily observed. However, the circulation type circulating water tank has a problem that it is difficult to observe the flow field with high accuracy because the uniformity of the water flow is not sufficient.

特開２００１−１４７２３４号公報JP 2001-147234 A 特開２００９−９７９０８号公報JP 2009-97908 A 特開平１０−１７６９７３号公報JP-A-10-176773 特開２００１−１０８５７４号公報JP 2001-108574 A

ところで、模型船の種々の試験や観測を高精度で行うものとして、模型船を細長の水槽（長さ２００ｍ程度）に浮かべ、これを曳引車を用いて直接曳航することが提案されている（特許文献４）。   By the way, it has been proposed that a model ship is floated on a slender tank (about 200 m in length) and directly towed using a towing vehicle as a means to perform various tests and observations of the model ship with high accuracy. (Patent Document 4).

しかしこの曳航水槽で、トレーサー粒子を用いて模型船周りの流場観測を行う場合は、模型船を曳航しながら観測を行うため、水槽内で模型船の移動に伴い移動する観測領域にトレーサー粒子を均一に散布する必要があり、特許文献１、２のようにトレーサー粒子を固定のノズルを用いて目的の観測領域に散布することはできない。また模型船は、水槽に形成される波で、ヨーイング、ピッチング、ローリングできるように吊り下げて曳航されるため、単純に模型船の先端にトレーサーノズルを取り付けることも不可能である。   However, when observing the flow field around the model ship using tracer particles in this tow tank, the tracer particles are placed in the observation area that moves as the model ship moves in the tank. The tracer particles cannot be sprayed to the target observation area using a fixed nozzle as in Patent Documents 1 and 2. In addition, since the model ship is towed so that it can be yawed, pitched, and rolled by waves formed in the water tank, it is impossible to simply attach a tracer nozzle to the tip of the model ship.

そこで、本発明の目的は、上記課題を解決し、水槽で模型船を曳航する際に、その模型船周りの水流を観測するため粒子散布装置及びこれを用いた流場観測装置を提供することにある。   Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a particle scattering device and a flow field observation device using the particle scattering device for observing the water flow around the model ship when towing the model ship in the aquarium. It is in.

上記目的を達成するために請求項１の発明は、水槽上に設置される曳引車により、その水槽内の水に浮かんだ模型船を曳航する曳航装置において、前記曳引車に、前記模型船周囲の水中にトレーサー粒子を散布する散布ノズルを設けたことを特徴とする粒子散布装置である。   In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is a towing device for towing a model ship floating in water in a water tank by a towing vehicle installed on the water tank. A particle spraying device comprising a spray nozzle for spraying tracer particles in water around a ship.

請求項２の発明は、模型船は曳航車に揺動自在に支持され、その曳引車に、曳航される前記模型船の船首前方の水中にトレーサー粒子を散布する散布ノズルが設けられる請求項１記載の粒子散布装置である。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, the model ship is swingably supported by the towed vehicle, and the towing vehicle is provided with a spray nozzle for spraying tracer particles in the water in front of the bow of the model ship to be towed. 1 is a particle scattering apparatus according to 1;

請求項３の発明は、散布ノズルは、少なくとも一部が水中に没するように設けられたパイプの前記水中部分に複数のノズル孔が設けられて形成される請求項１又は２記載の粒子散布装置である。   The invention according to claim 3 is the particle spraying according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spray nozzle is formed by providing a plurality of nozzle holes in the underwater portion of a pipe provided so that at least a part of the spray nozzle is submerged in water. Device.

請求項４の発明は、散布ノズルは、模型船の船首前方に位置するように設けられる請求項１又は２記載の粒子散布装置である。   The invention of claim 4 is the particle spraying device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spray nozzle is provided so as to be positioned in front of the bow of the model ship.

請求項５の発明は、散布ノズルのパイプは、その水平断面が流れに対して楕円形又は流線型又は翼型になるように形成される請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の粒子散布装置である。   The invention of claim 5 is the particle spray device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pipe of the spray nozzle is formed so that its horizontal cross section is elliptical, streamlined, or wing-shaped with respect to the flow. is there.

請求項６の発明は、請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載の粒子散布装置を用いて模型船周りの水流を観測する流場観測装置であって、前記曳引車に、模型船の船尾周りのトレーサー粒子を観測する検出器と流場計測器を設けたことを特徴とする流場観測装置である。   Invention of Claim 6 is a flow field observation apparatus which observes the water flow around a model ship using the particle dispersal apparatus in any one of Claims 1-5, Comprising: The stern of a model ship is provided in the said towing vehicle. It is a flow field observation device characterized by providing a detector and a flow field measuring device for observing surrounding tracer particles.

請求項７の発明は、前記模型船が、曳引車に揺動支持装置を介して支持され、その揺動支持装置の模型船側支持部に、検出器と流場計測器が模型船と共に揺動するように設けられる請求項６記載の流場観測装置である。   In the invention of claim 7, the model ship is supported by a towing vehicle via a swing support device, and a detector and a flow field measuring device swing together with the model ship on a model ship side support portion of the swing support device. The flow field observation device according to claim 6, wherein the flow field observation device is provided to move.

請求項８の発明は、前記模型船が、曳引車に揺動支持装置を介して支持され、検出器と流場計測器が曳引車に固定して設けられる請求項６記載の流場観測装置である。   The invention according to claim 8 is the flow field according to claim 6, wherein the model ship is supported by the towing vehicle via a swing support device, and the detector and the flow field measuring device are fixed to the towing vehicle. It is an observation device.

本発明によれば、模型船を曳航する曳引車に散布ノズルを設けることで、模型船の移動に伴い移動する観測領域において模型船周りの流場を高精度で観測できるという優れた効果を発揮するものである。   According to the present invention, by providing a spray nozzle on a towing vehicle towing a model ship, an excellent effect that the flow field around the model ship can be observed with high accuracy in the observation region that moves with the movement of the model ship. It is something that demonstrates.

本発明の一実施の形態を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows one embodiment of this invention. 図１の正面図である。It is a front view of FIG. 図１においてトレーサー粒子を散布したときの模型船と流場観測装置の関係を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the relationship between a model ship when a tracer particle | grain is sprayed in FIG. 1, and a flow field observation apparatus. 図３における粒子散布装置の詳細を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the detail of the particle dispersal device in FIG. 図４の粒子散布装置の散布パイプの詳細を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the detail of the dispersion | spreading pipe of the particle | grain dispersion | distribution apparatus of FIG. 本発明において、粒子散布装置の他の実施の形態を示す図である。In this invention, it is a figure which shows other embodiment of a particle dispersal apparatus.

以下、本発明の好適な一実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて詳述する。   A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１，図２は、本発明の全体構成を示し、図１は平面図、図２は正面図を示したものである。   1 and 2 show the overall configuration of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a plan view, and FIG. 2 is a front view.

図１，図２において、水槽１０は、例えば長さが２００ｍ以上に形成される。この水槽１０の前端には図示していないが造波装置が設けられ、海面を模して波が形成できるようにされる。   1 and 2, the water tank 10 is formed with a length of, for example, 200 m or more. Although not shown in the figure, a wave making device is provided at the front end of the water tank 10 so that waves can be formed imitating the sea surface.

この水槽１０上には、走行自在な曳引車１１が設けられる。曳引車１１は、詳細は図示していないが水槽１０上に走行自在に設けても、或いは水槽１０が設置される床上に走行自在に設けるようにしてもいずれでもよい。   On this water tank 10, a towing vehicle 11 that can run freely is provided. Although not shown in detail, the towing vehicle 11 may be provided so as to be able to run on the water tank 10 or may be provided so as to be able to run on the floor on which the water tank 10 is installed.

曳引車１１には、実際の船を模した模型船１２が取り付けられる。この模型船１２は、水槽１０内の水面Ｗに浮かぶように、また曳引車１１での曳航中に模型船１２が、ピッチング、ヨーイング、ローリングの全部或いはいずれか１又は２つできるように、曳引車１１に揺動支持装置１３を介して支持される。また、模型船１２は揺動支持装置１３の他に、適宜曳引車１１に固定支持具１４にて固定して曳航できるようにもなっている。   A model ship 12 simulating an actual ship is attached to the towing vehicle 11. The model ship 12 floats on the water surface W in the aquarium 10, and the model ship 12 can perform all or any one of pitching, yawing and rolling during towing in the towing vehicle 11, It is supported by the towing vehicle 11 via a swing support device 13. In addition to the swing support device 13, the model ship 12 can be towed by being fixed to the towing vehicle 11 with a fixed support 14 as appropriate.

曳引車１１には、トレーサー粒子Ｔを水中に散布する粒子散布装置１５が設けられる。粒子散布装置１５は、曳引車１１に設けたトレーサー溶液タンク１６と、そのトレーサー溶液タンク１６から配管１７を介して接続され、少なくとも一部が水槽１０の水中に没するように設けられた散布ノズル１８と、配管１７に接続されたポンプ１９及びバルブ２０から構成される。   The towing vehicle 11 is provided with a particle spraying device 15 for spraying the tracer particles T into the water. The particle spraying device 15 is connected to the tracer solution tank 16 provided in the towing vehicle 11 and the tracer solution tank 16 via a pipe 17, and at least a part of the spraying device 15 is provided to be submerged in the water of the water tank 10. The nozzle 18 is composed of a pump 19 and a valve 20 connected to the pipe 17.

トレーサー溶液タンク１６に収容されるトレーサー溶液は、水にトレーサー粒子を混合したもので、トレーサー粒子としては、色の付いたプラスチック粒子やガラスなど、水の比重に近い粒子で後述する流場観測装置３０で粒子を観測できるものであればいずれでもよい。   The tracer solution accommodated in the tracer solution tank 16 is a mixture of tracer particles in water, and the tracer particles are particles close to the specific gravity of water, such as colored plastic particles and glass, which will be described later. Any material can be used as long as particles can be observed at 30.

図５（ａ）に示すように散布ノズル１８は、断面円形を押し潰して楕円状乃至流線型状乃至翼形状のパイプ２１とし、図５（ｂ）に示すようにその楕円状乃至流線型状に形成されたパイプ２１の水中に没している部分に円形のノズル孔２２が適宜の間隔で穿設されて形成される。   As shown in FIG. 5A, the spray nozzle 18 is formed into an elliptical, streamlined, or wing-shaped pipe 21 by crushing a circular cross section, and as shown in FIG. Circular nozzle holes 22 are formed at appropriate intervals in a portion of the pipe 21 that is submerged in water.

このノズル孔２２は、図２に示すように模型船１２の喫水から模型船１２の船底までの範囲に位置するように形成される。   As shown in FIG. 2, the nozzle hole 22 is formed so as to be located in a range from the draft of the model ship 12 to the bottom of the model ship 12.

散布ノズル１８は、図２に示すように模型船１２の船首前方に位置するよう設ける。   As shown in FIG. 2, the spray nozzle 18 is provided in front of the bow of the model ship 12.

図１、図２において流場観測装置３０は、模型船１２の船尾側のプロペラ１２ｐや舵１２ｒ周りの流速を検出すべく設けられる。この流場観測装置３０は、模型船１２を揺動自在に支持する揺動支持装置１３の模型船支持部１３ａに設けて模型船１２の揺動に追従するように設けても、或いは、曳航車１１に固定して設けるようにしてもよい。   1 and 2, the flow field observation device 30 is provided to detect the flow velocity around the propeller 12p and the rudder 12r on the stern side of the model ship 12. The flow field observation device 30 may be provided on the model ship support portion 13a of the swing support device 13 that swingably supports the model ship 12 so as to follow the swing of the model ship 12, or towed. You may make it fix to the vehicle 11 and provide.

流場観測装置３０は、カメラなどの検出器３１と、その検出器３１で撮影した画像からトレーサー粒子の動きを追跡して流れの分布を画像解析するＰＩＶ（粒子画像流速計）流場計測器３２から構成しても、或いはレーザー光源とトレーサー粒子Ｔで反射したレーザー光を受光する受光器からなる検出器３１と、その検出器３１で検出したトレーサー粒子Ｔの流速や方向を計測するＬＤＶ（レーザードップラー流速計）などの流場計測器３２で構成するようにしてもよい。   The flow field observation device 30 includes a detector 31 such as a camera, and a PIV (particle image velocimeter) flow field measuring device that tracks the movement of the tracer particles from the image captured by the detector 31 and analyzes the flow distribution. 32, or a detector 31 composed of a laser light source and a light receiver that receives the laser light reflected by the tracer particles T, and an LDV (measurement of the flow velocity and direction of the tracer particles T detected by the detector 31. A flow field measuring device 32 such as a laser Doppler velocimeter may be used.

次に本実施の形態の作用を説明する。   Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

曳引車１１により模型船１２を曳航する際に、例えば曳引車１１の船首側前方の粒子散布装置１５の散布ノズル１８から図２〜図４に示したようにトレーサー粒子を散布する。これにより、トレーサー粒子Ｔは、移動する曳引車１１により、図２、図４に示したように流れに沿って略平行に流れ、その流れに模型船１２が、図３に示すように航走波Ｓｗをつくりながら曳航され、またトレーサー粒子は、模型船１２の船腹に沿って流れて船尾に達し、そこで流場観測装置３０にて流場が計測される。   When towing the model ship 12 with the towing vehicle 11, for example, the tracer particles are sprayed from the spray nozzle 18 of the particle spraying device 15 in front of the bow of the towing vehicle 11 as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4. As a result, the tracer particles T are caused to flow substantially parallel to the flow as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 by the moving towing vehicle 11, and the model ship 12 navigates as shown in FIG. It is towed while creating the traveling wave Sw, and the tracer particles flow along the hull of the model ship 12 and reach the stern, where the flow field is measured by the flow field observation device 30.

この際、散布ノズル１８のパイプ２１を、丸パイプを潰した楕円形にすることで、流場の乱れを減ずることができる。またその楕円状の散布ノズル１８にノズル孔２２を開けるだけの簡単な構造であり、低コストで、孔を増やすなどの変更にも容易に対応可能である。   At this time, the disturbance of the flow field can be reduced by making the pipe 21 of the spray nozzle 18 into an oval shape by crushing a round pipe. Moreover, it has a simple structure in which the nozzle hole 22 is simply formed in the elliptical spray nozzle 18, and can be easily adapted to changes such as increasing the number of holes at low cost.

また、散布ノズル１８は船首側前方に限らず、模型船１２の船腹に設けるようにしてもよい。   Further, the spray nozzle 18 is not limited to the front side of the bow, but may be provided on the hull of the model ship 12.

さらに散布ノズル１８に形成するノズルは図６に示すように、パイプ２１を水平に設置しても、或いは散布ノズル１８の表面に開けたノズル孔２２の代わりに、多孔質材やスリットから散布するように形成してもよい。   Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the nozzle formed on the spray nozzle 18 is sprayed from a porous material or slit instead of the nozzle hole 22 opened on the surface of the spray nozzle 18 even when the pipe 21 is installed horizontally. You may form as follows.

また、模型船１２は曳航の際に曳引車１１に固定して曳航し、その際の流場を計測するようにしても、曳航時に波により揺動するように曳航するようにしてもよい。流場観測装置３０は、模型船１２を固定して曳航する場合には固定して流場を観測できるようにする。また模型船１２を波などで揺動するように曳航した際には、流場観測装置３０は、模型船１２と一体に揺動しながら流場を観測するようにしても、曳引車１１に固定して流れのみを観測するようにしてもいずれの実験にも適用可能なように設けられる。   In addition, the model ship 12 may be towed while being fixed to the towing vehicle 11 during towing, and the flow field at that time may be measured, or the model ship 12 may be towed so as to be swung by waves during towing. . The flow field observation device 30 fixes the model ship 12 so that the flow field can be observed when the model ship 12 is fixed and towed. Further, when the model ship 12 is towed so as to be swung by a wave or the like, the flow field observation device 30 may observe the flow field while swinging integrally with the model ship 12 even if the flow field observation device 30 observes the flow field. It is provided so that it can be applied to any experiment even if only the flow is observed.

１０ 水槽
１１ 曳引車
１２ 模型船
１５ 粒子散布装置
１８ 散布ノズル
３０ 流場観測装置
３１ 検出器
３２ 流場計測器 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Water tank 11 Towing vehicle 12 Model ship 15 Particle spraying device 18 Spray nozzle 30 Flow field observation device 31 Detector 32 Flow field measuring device

Claims (8)

水槽上に設置される曳引車により、その水槽内の水に浮かんだ模型船を曳航する曳航装置において、前記曳引車に、前記模型船周囲の水中にトレーサー粒子を散布する散布ノズルを設けたことを特徴とする粒子散布装置。   In a towing device for towing a model ship floating on the water in the aquarium by a towing vehicle installed on the aquarium, the towing vehicle is provided with a spray nozzle for dispersing tracer particles in the water around the model ship Particle disperser characterized by that. 模型船は曳航車に揺動自在に支持され、その曳引車に、曳航される前記模型船の船首前方の水中にトレーサー粒子を散布する散布ノズルが設けられる請求項１記載の粒子散布装置。   2. The particle spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the model ship is swingably supported by the towed vehicle, and the towing vehicle is provided with a spraying nozzle for spraying tracer particles in the water in front of the bow of the towed model ship. 散布ノズルは、少なくとも一部が水中に没するように設けられたパイプの前記水中部分に複数のノズル孔が設けられて形成される請求項１又は２記載の粒子散布装置。   The particle spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the spray nozzle is formed by providing a plurality of nozzle holes in the underwater portion of a pipe provided so that at least a part of the spray nozzle is submerged in water. 散布ノズルは、模型船の船首前方に位置するように設けられる請求項１又は２記載の粒子散布装置。   The particle spraying device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spray nozzle is provided so as to be positioned in front of the bow of the model ship. 散布ノズルのパイプは、その水平断面が流れに対して楕円形又は流線型又は翼型になるように形成される請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の粒子散布装置。   The particle spray device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pipe of the spray nozzle is formed so that a horizontal cross section thereof is elliptical, streamlined, or airfoil with respect to the flow. 請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載の粒子散布装置を用いて模型船周りの水流を観測する流場観測装置であって、前記曳引車に、模型船の船尾周りのトレーサー粒子を観測する検出器と流場計測器を設けたことを特徴とする流場観測装置。   A flow field observation apparatus for observing a water flow around a model ship using the particle scattering apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein tracer particles around the stern of the model ship are observed on the towing vehicle. A flow field observation apparatus characterized by providing a detector and a flow field measuring instrument. 前記模型船が、曳引車に揺動支持装置を介して支持され、その揺動支持装置の模型船側支持部に、検出器と流場計測器が模型船と共に揺動するように設けられる請求項６記載の流場観測装置。   The model ship is supported by a towing vehicle via a swing support device, and a detector and a flow field measuring device are provided on a model ship side support portion of the swing support device so as to swing together with the model ship. Item 7. The flow field observation device according to item 6. 前記模型船が、曳引車に揺動支持装置を介して支持され、検出器と流場計測器が曳引車に固定して設けられる請求項６記載の流場観測装置。   The flow field observation device according to claim 6, wherein the model ship is supported by the towing vehicle via a swing support device, and the detector and the flow field measuring device are fixed to the towing vehicle.
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CN108181086A (en) * 2015-12-08 2018-06-19 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 A kind of change depth of water towing basin resistance reduction by air cavity test method
CN108181084A (en) * 2017-12-11 2018-06-19 西北工业大学 A kind of circular ring shape for sail body is adjustable injection apparatus
CN108303234A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-07-20 哈尔滨工程大学 A kind of experimental rig measured for microbubble in jet flow field
CN110095382A (en) * 2018-01-31 2019-08-06 中国辐射防护研究院 The quantitative measurment experimental method of airborne contaminant flowing and diffusion in pull-type sink
CN111896772A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-11-06 广东省航空航天装备技术研究所 Particle imaging speed measurement system applied to wind tunnel
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CN112797005A (en) * 2021-04-07 2021-05-14 中国电建集团上海能源装备有限公司 Method and device for measuring flow field in closed cavity of high-curve impeller of three-dimensional centrifugal pump
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