JP2011212123A - Program, information storage medium and terminal - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a program, an information storage medium and a terminal, easily and instantaneously recognizing the position and direction of a missile launched from an enemy aircraft.SOLUTION: An object designated is disposed on a screen based on a distance between a first object in an object space and a bullet, the direction of the bullet to the first object, and a predetermined reference point on a screen. The center position of the screen is defined as a reference point. The object is disposed on the screen based on the reference point.

Description

  The present invention relates to a program, an information storage medium, and a terminal.

  Conventionally, a terminal that generates an image that can be viewed from a virtual camera (a given viewpoint) in an object space (virtual three-dimensional space) is known, and is popular as a device that can experience so-called virtual reality. For example, there is a terminal for a shooting game in which a target object is hit by hitting a missile, a machine gun, or the like (Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-319108 A

  However, in the prior art, it was difficult to recognize the position and orientation of the missile launched from the enemy aircraft toward the own aircraft (the aircraft to be operated by the player). In particular, a novice player with inferior operation skill may not be able to avoid a missile attack because the position and direction of the missile cannot be recognized.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems as described above, and the object is as follows.
To provide a program, an information storage medium, and a terminal capable of easily and instantly recognizing the position and direction of a missile launched from an enemy aircraft.

  (1) The present invention is a program for performing an image generation process, and includes a movement process for moving a first object based on input information of an input unit in an object space, and a first process from a second object in the object space. A movement processing unit that performs a movement process of moving a bullet that has been fired on the object of the object, a distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, a direction of the bullet with respect to the first object, and a given screen Based on the reference point, a computer functions as an instruction object control unit that performs a process of arranging an instruction object on the screen and a drawing unit that performs a process of generating an image including the instruction object. , With the center position of the screen as the reference point, the pointing object based on the reference point A program for performing processing to place on the screen. The present invention also relates to an information storage medium storing the program and a terminal configured as each unit.

  According to the present invention, the pointing object is placed on the screen based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet, the direction of the bullet relative to the first object, and the reference point, with the center position of the screen as the reference point. To place. Therefore, according to the present invention, the player can easily and instantly recognize the position and direction of the bullet fired from the second object.

  For example, the player can easily recognize the position and direction of a missile (an example of a bullet) fired from an enemy aircraft (an example of a second object) to the own aircraft (an example of a first object). In general, players often play games by looking at the center of the screen. According to the present invention, since the pointing object is arranged using the center position of the screen as a reference point, the position and direction of the missile launched from the enemy aircraft can be visually recognized without greatly moving the line of sight.

  (2) The present invention is a program for performing an image generation process, and includes a moving process for moving a first object based on input information of an input unit in an object space, and a first object from a second object in the object space. A movement processing unit that performs a movement process of moving a bullet that has been fired on the object of the object, a distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, a direction of the bullet with respect to the first object, and a given screen Based on the reference point, a computer functions as an instruction object control unit that performs a process of arranging an instruction object on the screen and a drawing unit that performs a process of generating an image including the instruction object. A reference point is set based on the display position of the first object, and the reference point is set based on the reference point. A program for performing processing to place the designated object on the screen Te. The present invention also relates to an information storage medium storing the program and a terminal configured as each unit.

  According to the present invention, the reference point is set based on the display position of the first object, and based on the distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, the direction of the bullet relative to the first object, and the reference point. To place the pointing object on the screen. Therefore, according to the present invention, the player can easily and instantly recognize the position and direction of the bullet fired from the second object.

  For example, the player can easily recognize the position and direction of a missile (an example of a bullet) fired from an enemy aircraft (an example of a second object) to the own aircraft (an example of a first object). In addition, according to the present invention, the pointing object is arranged based on the reference point set based on the display position of the player's own device, so that the player can move the enemy to an appropriate display position related to the display position of the player's own device. The position and direction of the missile launched from the aircraft can be viewed.

  (3) In the program, the information storage medium, and the terminal of the present invention, the pointing object control unit is configured so that the reference point on the screen and the pointing object are based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet. You may make it change the distance.

  According to the present invention, since the distance between the reference point on the screen and the pointing object is changed based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet, the player can easily and instantaneously It is possible to know a change in the approach distance of a missile (bullet) to (one object).

  (4) In the program, the information storage medium, and the terminal according to the present invention, the pointing object control unit is configured to store the pointing object with respect to the reference point on the screen based on a bullet direction with respect to the first object in the object space. The direction may be changed.

  According to the present invention, since the direction of the pointing object with respect to the reference point on the screen is changed based on the direction of the bullet with respect to the first object in the object space, the player can easily and instantaneously It is possible to know the change in the approach direction of the missile (bullet) to the (object).

  (5) The present invention is a program for performing an image generation process, and includes a moving process for moving a first object based on input information of an input unit in an object space, and a first object from a second object in the object space. A movement processing unit for performing a movement process for moving the bullets fired on the object, a distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, a direction of the bullet relative to the first object, and a given reference point Based on the instruction object control unit that performs processing for placing the pointing object in the object space, and the drawing unit that performs processing for generating an image including the pointing object. A reference point is set based on the viewpoint position of the virtual camera in the space, and based on the reference point. A program for performing processing of placing the indication object are. The present invention also relates to an information storage medium storing the program and a terminal configured as each unit.

  According to the present invention, in the object space, the reference point is set based on the viewpoint position of the virtual camera, and the process of arranging the pointing object based on the reference point is performed. Therefore, according to the present invention, the player can easily and instantly recognize the position and direction of the bullet fired from the second object. Further, according to the present invention, since the pointing object is arranged in the object space, the player can confirm the position and direction of the bullet three-dimensionally.

  For example, the player can easily recognize the position and direction of a missile (an example of a bullet) fired from an enemy aircraft (an example of a second object) to the own aircraft (an example of a first object). In general, players often play games by looking at the center of the screen. According to the present invention, since the pointing object is arranged based on the reference point set based on the viewpoint position of the virtual camera, the pointing object is displayed in the central portion of the screen, and the player moves the line of sight greatly. The position and direction of the missile fired from the enemy aircraft can be visually recognized.

  (6) The present invention is a program for performing an image generation process, and includes a moving process for moving a first object based on input information of an input unit in an object space, and a first process from a second object in the object space. A movement processing unit for performing a movement process for moving the bullets fired on the object, a distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, a direction of the bullet relative to the first object, and a given reference point Based on the instruction object control unit that performs processing for placing the pointing object in the object space, and the drawing unit that performs processing for generating an image including the pointing object. A reference point is set based on the position of the first object in the space, and the reference point A program for performing the processes for arranging the indication object based. The present invention also relates to an information storage medium storing the program and a terminal configured as each unit.

  According to the present invention, in the object space, the reference point is set based on the position of the first object, and the instruction object is arranged based on the reference point. Therefore, according to the present invention, the player can easily and instantly recognize the position and direction of the bullet fired from the second object. Further, according to the present invention, since the pointing object is arranged in the object space, the player can confirm the position and direction of the bullet three-dimensionally.

  For example, the player can easily recognize the position and direction of a missile (an example of a bullet) fired from an enemy aircraft (an example of a second object) to the own aircraft (an example of a first object). According to the present invention, since the pointing object is arranged based on the reference point set based on the position of the first object, the player can display the position of the missile in the display area related to the arrangement position of the player. You can see the direction.

  (7) According to the program, the information storage medium, and the terminal of the present invention, the pointing object control unit is configured so that the reference point in the object space and the pointing object are based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet. You may make it change the distance.

  According to the present invention, the distance between the reference point of the object space and the pointing object is changed based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet, so that the player can easily and instantly It is possible to know the change in the approach distance of the missile (bullet) to the (object).

  (8) Further, in the program, the information storage medium, and the terminal according to the present invention, the pointing object control unit is configured so that the pointing object with respect to the reference point in the object space is based on a bullet direction with respect to the first object in the object space. The direction may be changed.

  According to the present invention, since the direction of the pointing object with respect to the reference point of the object space is changed based on the direction of the bullet with respect to the first object in the object space, the player can easily and instantly It is possible to know the change in the approach direction of the missile (bullet) to the (object).

  (9) In the program, the information storage medium, and the terminal of the present invention, the pointing object control unit may arrange the pointing object in a predetermined volume in the object space.

  According to the present invention, since the pointing object is arranged in the predetermined volume of the object space, the pointing object can be appropriately arranged, and the player can easily visually recognize the position and direction of the bullet.

  (10) Further, the program, the information storage medium, and the terminal according to the present invention are configured so that the pointing object control unit has a shielding object that shields the pointing object when viewed from the virtual camera. The instruction object may be arranged before the shielding object.

  According to the present invention, when there is a shielding object that shields the pointing object when viewed from the virtual camera, the pointing object is arranged before the shielding object with respect to the virtual camera, so that the player can reliably The pointing object can be visually recognized.

  (11) In the program, the information storage medium, and the terminal according to the present invention, the drawing unit includes a left-eye image including the pointing object that is visible from the left-eye virtual camera for stereoscopic viewing, and a right-eye for stereoscopic viewing. A process for generating a stereoscopic image by generating a right-eye image including the pointing object seen from a virtual camera and combining the left-eye image and the right-eye image may be performed. According to the present invention, the player can obtain a sense with a depth closer to reality by stereoscopic viewing. Since the pointing object is also expressed three-dimensionally, the distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space and the direction of the bullet relative to the first object can be experienced more realistically.

  (12) Further, according to the program, the information storage medium, and the terminal of the present invention, the pointing object control unit may determine the size, shape, and shape of the pointing object based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet. At least one of the patterns may be changed. According to the present invention, the player can more easily know the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet.

  (13) Further, the program, the information storage medium, and the terminal of the present invention include a hit determination unit that determines whether or not the bullet has hit the first object, and the bullet has hit the first object. If it is determined, the computer may further function as a damage effect processing unit that performs damage effect processing.

  According to the present invention, since the damage effect process is performed when the first object is hit by a bullet, for example, the damage caused when the own aircraft (first object) is hit by a missile (bullet) is strongly increased. Impress the player.

FIG. 1 is an example of a configuration of a terminal according to the present embodiment. 2A to 2C are explanatory diagrams of virtual camera control. FIG. 3 shows an example of an image. FIG. 4 is an example of an image. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an instruction object arrangement process. FIGS. 6A to 6C are diagrams for explaining instruction object arrangement processing. FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining an instruction object arrangement process. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an instruction object arrangement process. 9A and 9B are explanatory diagrams relating to control of the pointing object. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of damage effect processing. FIG. 11 shows an example of an image of damage effect processing. FIG. 12 is a flowchart of this embodiment. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram of missile movement calculation. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of missile movement calculation. FIGS. 15A and 15B are diagrams for explaining instruction object arrangement processing. FIGS. 16A and 16B are diagrams for explaining instruction object arrangement processing. FIGS. 17A to 17D are diagrams for explaining instruction object arrangement processing. FIGS. 18A to 18D are diagrams for explaining instruction object arrangement processing. 19A and 19B are explanatory diagrams related to stereoscopic images. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram relating to a stereoscopic image.

  Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described. In addition, this embodiment demonstrated below does not unduly limit the content of this invention described in the claim. In addition, all the configurations described in the present embodiment are not necessarily essential configuration requirements of the present invention.

1. Configuration FIG. 1 shows an example of a functional block diagram of a terminal (an image generating device, a game device, a mobile phone, a mobile terminal, and a portable game device) according to the present embodiment. Note that the terminal of this embodiment may have a configuration in which some of the components (each unit) in FIG. 1 are omitted.

  The input unit 160 is an input device (controller) for inputting input information from the player (operator), and outputs the input information of the player to the processing unit. The input unit 160 of this embodiment includes a detection unit 162 that detects input information (input signal) of the player. The input unit 160 includes, for example, a lever, a button, a steering, a microphone, a touch panel display, and the like. The input unit 160 may include a vibration unit that performs a process of vibrating based on the vibration signal.

  The input unit 160 may be an input device including an acceleration sensor that detects triaxial acceleration, a gyro sensor that detects angular velocity, and an imaging unit. For example, the input unit 160 may be held and moved by the player, or may be worn by the player and moved. The input unit 160 may be an input device imitating an actual tool such as a sword-type controller or gun-type controller held by the player, or a glove-type controller worn by the player (attached to the hand of the player). Good. The input unit 160 also includes a terminal (a mobile phone, a mobile terminal, a portable game device) integrated with an input device.

  The storage unit 170 serves as a work area for the processing unit 100, the communication unit 196, and the like, and its function can be realized by a RAM (VRAM) or the like.

  The information storage medium 180 (computer-readable medium) stores programs, data, and the like, and functions as an optical disk (CD, DVD), magneto-optical disk (MO), magnetic disk, hard disk, and magnetic tape. Alternatively, it can be realized by a memory (ROM). The processing unit 100 performs various processes of the present embodiment based on a program (data) stored in the information storage medium 180. The information storage medium 180 can store a program for causing a computer to function as each unit of the present embodiment (a program for causing a computer to execute processing of each unit).

  The display unit 190 outputs an image generated according to the present embodiment, and its function can be realized by a CRT, LCD, touch panel display, HMD (head mounted display), or the like.

  The sound output unit 192 outputs the sound generated by the present embodiment, and its function can be realized by a speaker, headphones, or the like.

  The communication unit 196 performs various controls for communicating with the outside (for example, other terminals and servers), and the functions are realized by hardware such as various processors or communication ASICs, programs, and the like. it can.

  Note that a program or data for causing a computer to function as each unit of the present embodiment stored in the information storage medium or storage unit of the server is received via the network, and the received program or data is received by the information storage medium 180. Or may be stored in the storage unit 170. The case where the terminal is functioned by receiving the program or data as described above is also included in the scope of the present invention.

  The processing unit 100 (processor) performs processing such as game processing, image generation processing, or sound generation processing based on input data from the input unit 160, a program, and the like.

  The processing unit 100 performs various processes using the main storage unit 171 in the storage unit 170 as a work area. The functions of the processing unit 100 can be realized by hardware such as various processors (CPU, DSP, etc.), ASIC (gate array, etc.), and programs.

  The processing unit 100 includes a receiving unit 110, an object placement unit 111, a movement / motion processing unit 112, an instruction object control unit 113, a hit determination unit 114, a game calculation unit 115, a damage effect processing unit 116, a virtual camera control unit 117, communication A control unit 118, a drawing unit 120, and a sound processing unit 130 are included. Note that some of these may be omitted.

  The accepting unit 110 performs processing for accepting player input information. For example, a process of receiving movement input information for moving the own aircraft (first object, player operation target object) or a process of receiving firing input information for firing a bullet (missile, machine gun) from the own aircraft. Do.

  The object placement unit 111 performs processing for placing an object in an object space (virtual three-dimensional space). For example, the object placement unit 111 may be an own aircraft, an enemy aircraft (second object, a moving object that moves / operates based on a computer program, a non-player character NPC, an object to be operated by another player), or the like. In addition, a display object such as a building, a stadium, a car, a tree, a pillar, a wall, and a map (terrain) is arranged in the object space. Here, the object space is a virtual game space, for example, a space in which objects are arranged in three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) such as a world coordinate system and a virtual camera coordinate system.

  For example, the object placement unit 111 places an object (an object composed of a primitive such as a polygon, a free-form surface, or a subdivision surface) in the world coordinate system. Also, for example, the position and rotation angle (synonymous with direction and direction) of the object in the world coordinate system is determined, and the rotation angle (X, Y, Z axis rotation) is determined at that position (X, Y, Z). Position the object at (Angle).

  The movement / motion processing unit 112 performs a movement / motion calculation of an object in the object space. That is, based on input information received from the input unit 160, a program (movement / motion algorithm), various data (motion data), etc., the object is moved in the object space, or the object is moved (motion, animation). Process. Specifically, object movement information (movement speed, movement speed, movement acceleration, position, orientation, etc.) and movement information (positions or rotation angles of each part constituting the object) are stored in one frame (1/60 second). ) The processing for obtaining each is sequentially performed. Note that a frame is a unit of time for performing object movement / motion processing and image generation processing.

  For example, the movement processing unit 112a according to the present embodiment is based on a process of moving a first object (for example, its own device) based on input information (input information for movement) of the input unit 160, or a movement processing program. To move the enemy aircraft.

  Further, the movement processing unit 112a performs a bullet movement process so that a bullet (for example, a missile or a cannon) fired from the object tracks the target object. That is, the movement processing unit 112a performs a movement process for moving the bullets fired from the second object to the first object.

  When the movement / motion processing unit 112 transmits / receives data to / from other terminals via the network, the movement / motion processing unit 112 is arranged in the object space of the terminal based on data such as movement information received from the other terminals. It is also possible to move / operate other moving bodies (movable bodies to be operated by players who operate other terminals).

  The instruction object control unit 113 performs processing for arranging the instruction object on the screen (two-dimensional image, screen, screen coordinate system). For example, the pointing object control unit 113 arranges the pointing object on the screen based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet, the direction of the bullet relative to the first object, and a given reference point on the screen. Perform the process.

  Here, the pointing object control unit 113 of the present embodiment can set the reference point as the center position of the screen. The reference point may be set based on the display position of the first object. Further, the pointing object control unit 113 may change the distance between the reference point on the screen and the pointing object based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet. Further, the pointing object control unit 113 may change the direction of the pointing object with respect to the reference point on the screen based on the direction of the bullet with respect to the first object in the object space.

  In addition, the instruction object control unit 113 performs a process of arranging the instruction object in the object space (three-dimensional space, world coordinate system, virtual camera coordinate system, model coordinate system).

  For example, the pointing object control unit 113 arranges the pointing object in the object space based on the distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, the bullet direction with respect to the first object, and a given reference point. I do.

  Here, the pointing object control unit 113 of the present embodiment may set the given reference point based on the viewpoint position of the virtual camera in the object space, or set the given reference point as the first reference in the object space. It may be set based on the position of the object.

  Further, the instruction object control unit 113 may change the distance between the reference point of the object space and the instruction object based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet. Further, the pointing object control unit 113 may change the direction of the pointing object with respect to the reference point in the object space based on the direction of the bullet with respect to the first object in the object space. The instruction object control unit 113 may arrange the instruction object in a predetermined volume of the object space.

  In addition, when there is a shielding object that shields the pointing object when viewed from the virtual camera, the pointing object control unit 113 arranges the pointing object before the shielding object with respect to the virtual camera. May be.

  The instruction object control unit 113 may change at least one of the size, shape, and pattern of the instruction object based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet.

  The hit determination unit 114 determines whether or not a bullet (for example, a missile) fired from a second object (for example, an enemy aircraft) hits the first object (for example, its own aircraft). Further, the hit determination unit 114 determines whether or not a bullet fired from the first object hits the second object.

  The game calculation unit 115 performs various game processes. For example, a process for starting a game when a game start condition is satisfied, a process for advancing the game, a process for ending a game when the game end condition is satisfied, and an ending when the final stage is cleared There is processing.

  The game calculation unit 115 of the present embodiment performs a process of updating the parameters of each object (including its own machine and enemy aircraft). In the game calculation unit 115 of this embodiment, the damage accumulation value I in which damage is accumulated is updated every time a bullet hits the player. For example, when the damage accumulation value I of the own machine reaches the maximum value (I = 100), it is considered that the own machine has shot down, and a process for ending the game is performed. On the other hand, when the damage accumulation value I of all enemy aircraft in the game reaches the maximum value, processing for determining that the game is cleared is performed.

  The damage effect processing unit 116 performs a damage effect process when it is determined that the bullet has hit the first object. For example, when it is determined that the bullet has hit the first object, the damage effect processing unit 116 performs a process of blinking and displaying the instruction object, or displays an image with a red color on the right and left sides. A process of drawing on an image already drawn in the image buffer is performed.

  The virtual camera control unit 117 performs a virtual camera (viewpoint) control process for generating an image that can be seen from a given (arbitrary) viewpoint in the object space. Specifically, when generating a three-dimensional image, the position (X, Y, Z) of the virtual camera in the world coordinate system and the rotation angle (for example, from the positive direction of each axis of the X, Y, and Z axes) (Rotation angle when turning clockwise) is controlled. In short, the virtual camera control unit 117 performs processing for controlling at least one of the viewpoint position, the line-of-sight direction, the angle of view, the moving direction, and the moving speed of the virtual camera.

  In particular, the virtual camera control unit 118 of the present embodiment controls a virtual camera that follows the movement of the moving object. For example, the virtual camera is controlled based on the first person viewpoint shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B and the third person viewpoint (rear viewpoint) shown in FIG.

  For example, the virtual camera control unit 117 controls the virtual camera based on movement information such as the position, orientation, or speed of the object obtained by the movement / motion processing unit 112. That is, the virtual camera control unit 117 controls the movement information of the moving object processed by the movement / motion processing unit 112 and the movement information of the virtual camera to maintain a predetermined relationship in the world coordinates. More specifically, in the world coordinates, the position of the moving object (the center point P of the moving object) processed by the movement / motion processing unit 112 and the position (CP) of the virtual camera are maintained in a predetermined positional relationship. Control. For example, the position of the moving body (central point P of the moving body) and the position (CP) of the virtual camera are controlled so as to maintain a predetermined distance. In addition, control is performed so that the moving direction and moving speed of the moving body and the moving direction and moving speed of the virtual camera maintain a predetermined relationship. For example, the moving direction of the moving body and the moving direction of the virtual camera are controlled to be the same direction, or the moving speed of the moving body and the moving speed of the virtual camera are controlled to be the same speed. In addition, the virtual camera control unit 117 controls the direction of the virtual camera (gaze direction) so that the direction of the moving body and the direction of the virtual camera (gaze direction) maintain a predetermined relationship. For example, the moving body and the virtual camera are controlled so that they face the same direction.

  Note that the virtual camera control unit 117 may set the virtual camera in a predetermined direction or perform control to move the virtual camera along a predetermined movement route. In such a case, the virtual camera is controlled based on virtual camera data (virtual camera data stored in the storage unit 170, the information storage medium 180, etc.) for controlling the position (movement path) or orientation of the virtual camera. To do.

  The virtual camera control unit 117 may control an overhead virtual camera by arranging an overhead virtual camera that looks down from a given position in the object space.

  In addition, the virtual camera control unit 117 may be used to control a replay virtual camera by arranging a replay virtual camera for generating an image for replay in the object space. The replay virtual camera does not necessarily follow the movement of the moving body, but may control the replay virtual camera according to the movement information of the moving body.

  The communication control unit 118 performs a process in which a terminal (for example, a first terminal) transmits / receives data to / from another terminal (for example, a second terminal) via a network.

  Note that the terminal of the present embodiment performs processing for acquiring and managing network information necessary for communication control from the game server. For example, the terminal has a packet associated with terminal identification information (data and ID individually assigned to identify a terminal that can participate in an online game) and terminal identification information that is individually assigned to each terminal. Destination information (IP address or the like) for designating the destination of transmission is acquired and managed.

  The communication control unit 118 stores a process for generating a packet to be transmitted to another terminal (second terminal), a process for specifying an IP address and a port number of a packet transmission destination terminal, and data included in the received packet Processing to be stored in 170, processing to analyze received packets, control processing related to transmission / reception of other packets, and the like are performed.

  In addition, the communication control unit 118 according to the present embodiment stores data between a plurality of terminals until the connection is disconnected after the connection (connection between the first terminal and the second terminal) is established (for example, Processes that transmit and receive each other (with a 1-second cycle) Here, the data transmitted / received between the terminals may be input information of the input unit, or may be position information and movement information of the operation target object (airframe, moving body) of each terminal.

  In addition, when the communication control unit 118 of this embodiment receives a packet transmitted from another terminal (second terminal), the communication control unit 118 analyzes the received packet, and determines the operation target object of the other terminal included in the packet. Processing for storing data such as position information in the storage unit is performed.

  In the case of a network system composed of a plurality of terminals, a peer-to-peer (so-called P2P) method for executing an online game while transmitting / receiving data between the plurality of terminals may be used. Data that can be transmitted and received between the server for providing and the terminal may be used. Further, a client-server system in which each terminal executes an online game while transmitting and receiving data (information) via the server may be used. In the network system of the present embodiment, data may be transmitted / received not only by wired communication but also by wireless communication.

  The drawing unit 120 performs drawing processing based on the results of various processes performed by the processing unit 100, thereby generating an image and outputting the image to the display unit 190. In other words, the drawing unit 120 generates an image that can be seen from the virtual camera in the object space.

  For example, the drawing unit 120 receives object data (model data) including vertex data (vertex position coordinates, texture coordinates, color data, normal vector, α value, etc.) of each vertex of the object (model). Based on the vertex data included in the object data, vertex processing (shading by a vertex shader) is performed. When performing the vertex processing, vertex generation processing (tessellation, curved surface division, polygon division) for re-dividing the polygon may be performed as necessary.

  In the vertex processing, according to the vertex processing program (vertex shader program, first shader program), vertex movement processing, coordinate transformation, for example, world coordinate transformation, visual field transformation (camera coordinate transformation), clipping processing, perspective transformation (projection transformation) ), Geometry processing such as viewport conversion is performed, and based on the processing result, the vertex data given to the vertex group constituting the object is changed (updated or adjusted).

  Then, rasterization (scan conversion) is performed based on the vertex data after the vertex processing, and the surface of the polygon (primitive) is associated with the pixel. Subsequent to rasterization, pixel processing (shading or fragment processing by a pixel shader) for drawing pixels (fragments forming a display screen) constituting an image is performed. In pixel processing, according to a pixel processing program (pixel shader program, second shader program), various processes such as texture reading (texture mapping), color data setting / change, translucent composition, anti-aliasing, etc. are performed, and an image is processed. The final drawing color of the constituent pixels is determined, and the drawing color of the perspective-transformed object is output (drawn) to the image buffer 172 (buffer that can store image information in units of pixels; VRAM, rendering target, frame buffer). . That is, in pixel processing, per-pixel processing for setting or changing image information (color, normal, luminance, α value, etc.) in units of pixels is performed. Thereby, an image that can be seen from the virtual camera (given viewpoint) in the object space is generated.

  The vertex processing and pixel processing are realized by hardware that enables polygon (primitive) drawing processing to be programmed by a shader program written in a shading language, so-called programmable shaders (vertex shaders and pixel shaders). Programmable shaders can be programmed with vertex-level processing and pixel-level processing, so that the degree of freedom of drawing processing is high, and expressive power is greatly improved compared to conventional hardware-based fixed drawing processing. Can do.

  The drawing unit 120 performs geometry processing, texture mapping, hidden surface removal processing, α blending, and the like when drawing an object.

  In the geometry processing, processing such as coordinate conversion, clipping processing, perspective projection conversion, or light source calculation is performed on the object. Then, the object data (positional coordinates of object vertices, texture coordinates, color data (luminance data), normal vector, α value, etc.) after geometry processing (after perspective projection conversion) is stored in the storage unit 170. .

  Texture mapping is a process for mapping a texture (texel value) stored in the storage unit 170 to an object. Specifically, the texture (surface properties such as color (RGB) and α value) is read from the storage unit 170 using texture coordinates or the like set (given) to the vertex of the object. Then, a texture that is a two-dimensional image is mapped to an object. In this case, processing for associating pixels with texels, bilinear interpolation or the like is performed as texel interpolation.

  As the hidden surface removal processing, hidden surface removal processing can be performed by a Z buffer method (depth comparison method, Z test) using a Z buffer (depth buffer) in which Z values (depth information) of drawing pixels are stored. . That is, when drawing pixels corresponding to the primitive of the object are drawn, the Z value stored in the Z buffer is referred to. Then, the Z value of the referenced Z buffer is compared with the Z value at the drawing pixel of the primitive, and the Z value at the drawing pixel is a Z value (for example, a small Z value) on the near side when viewed from the virtual camera. In some cases, the drawing process of the drawing pixel is performed and the Z value of the Z buffer is updated to a new Z value.

  α blending (α synthesis) is a translucent synthesis process (usually α blending, addition α blending, subtraction α blending, or the like) based on an α value (A value).

  For example, in α blending, the drawing color (overwriting color) C1 to be drawn in the image buffer 172 and the drawing color (background color) C2 already drawn in the image buffer 172 (rendering target) are set to α values. Based on this, a linear synthesis process is performed. That is, if the final drawing color is C, it can be obtained by C = C1 * α + C2 * (1−α).

  The α value is information that can be stored in association with each pixel (texel, dot), for example, plus alpha information other than color information. The α value can be used as mask information, translucency (equivalent to transparency and opacity), bump information, and the like.

  It should be noted that the drawing unit 120 does not display the object to be operated on the terminal (first terminal) even when performing a multiplayer online game in which data is transmitted / received to / from another terminal (second terminal) via the network. A process of generating an image that can be seen from a virtual camera (virtual camera controlled by the terminal (first terminal)) that follows the movement is performed. That is, each terminal performs an independent drawing process.

  The sound processing unit 130 performs sound processing based on the results of various processes performed by the processing unit 100, generates a game sound such as BGM, sound effect, or sound, and outputs the game sound to the sound output unit 192.

  Note that the terminal according to the present embodiment may be controlled so that the game can be played in a single player mode in which only one player can play or in a multiplayer mode in which a plurality of players can play. For example, in the case of controlling in the multiplayer mode, game processing may be performed by transmitting / receiving data to / from other terminals via a network, or one terminal may receive input information from a plurality of input units. Processing may be performed based on this.

2. Outline This embodiment relates to an image generation process for a shooting game. For example, the present embodiment relates to a flight shooting game in which a player's operation target self-machine and an enemy aircraft that is a computer object or another player's object attack each other with a missile or a cannon.

  In the present embodiment, a game process is performed in which the own aircraft and the enemy aircraft use each other as a target object (target) and fire a missile or a machine gun to shoot down the target object. Therefore, the player who operates the aircraft performs an attack operation so that a missile or machine gun launched from the aircraft hits the enemy aircraft, and avoids an attack such as a missile launched from the enemy aircraft. Perform the operation to move. That is, the player needs to grasp not only the position of the enemy aircraft but also the position and direction of the cannon and missile fired from the enemy aircraft with respect to the own aircraft.

  For example, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the positional relationship between the mark PM of the own aircraft and the mark EM of the enemy aircraft when viewing the ground from above in a partial area at the lower left of the screen is simply shown. Radar map is displayed. Thereby, the player can grasp the relative position of the enemy aircraft with respect to the player's own aircraft. However, in this embodiment, since the position and direction of the machine gun and missile fired from the enemy aircraft are not displayed on the radar map, the player recognizes the position and direction of the machine gun and missile fired from the enemy aircraft. It is difficult to avoid attacks from enemy aircraft.

  In this embodiment, the position of a machine gun or missile fired from an enemy aircraft may be displayed on the radar map. However, in this case, it is not appropriate because the player's line of sight movement is forced. That is, when the position of a missile or the like is displayed on the radar map, the player moves the line of sight from the center of the screen to the radar map and confirms the position of the missile or the like. The time lag of the line of sight movement may cause a fatal mistake such as being attacked by an enemy aircraft or being shot down on the ground. In particular, since beginners are unfamiliar with the operation, it is not desirable to force the line of sight movement to the radar map.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, an image is generated by arranging the pointing object MK (marker) with reference to the center position of the screen (screen center position). That is, the player can easily and instantly recognize the approach distance and approach direction of the missile in the arrangement state of the pointing object MK.

  In the present embodiment, an HUD image instructing movement information of the own aircraft and enemy aircraft is generated by imitating a real world HUD, and an image obtained by synthesizing the HUD image with an image that can be seen from the virtual camera in the object space is generated. To display on the display unit. In other words, in the present embodiment, processing for generating an HUD image by arranging an object related to HUD on the screen (on the screen) is performed. In particular, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, in addition to the pointing object MK, an attack target mark indicating the position of an enemy aircraft serving as an attack target is drawn as an object related to HUD.

  HUD is an abbreviation for Head-Up Display, which is a display that directly displays information, and projects information onto a colorless and transparent screen such as a windshield.

3. 3. Control of instruction object 3-1. Next, in the present embodiment, a process for arranging an instruction object on the screen to indicate the position and direction of a bullet (machine gun, missile) fired from an enemy aircraft toward the own aircraft will be described. To do. In this embodiment, one instruction object is arranged for each bullet.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, the center point O of the screen is made to correspond to the position P (Xp, Zp) of the own device on the XZ plane of the object space, and the y-axis direction of the screen is set to the object space. It corresponds to the direction (axis) of the own machine on the XZ plane. Then, on the XZ plane of the object space, a process of arranging the pointing objects MK1, MK2, and MK3 on the screen is performed based on the relative positional relationship of the bullets with respect to the position of the own aircraft.

  That is, according to the example of FIG. 5, since the pointing object MK1 is at a position far below the center position O of the screen, the player is located at a position slightly behind the player with the bullet behind the player. Can be recognized. Further, since the pointing object MK2 is closer to the lower right direction MK1 than the center position O of the screen, the player has the bullet on the right side behind the player's own machine and closer to the player's own than the bullet indicated by the instruction object MK1. It can be recognized that it exists at the position. Further, since the pointing object MK3 is closest to the screen center position O in the upper left direction, the player has a bullet on the left side in front of the player and is closer to the player than the bullets indicated by the pointing objects MK1 and MK2. Can recognize that

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the position and direction of the bullet in the range of 360 degrees on the XZ plane centering on the position P (Xp, Zp) of the own device in the object space (world coordinate system) are displayed on the screen. This is expressed by the arrangement position of the instruction object MK.

  The instruction object arrangement method of the present embodiment will be described more specifically. For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, in the object space, when the distance L between the missile M1 and the own machine POB is 10 to 15 kilometers (10 <L ≦ 15), the center point O of the screen is The instruction object MK1 is arranged on the circumference having the radius r1 as the center.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, when the distance L between the missile M2 and the own device POB is 5 to 10 kilometers (5 <L ≦ 10) in the object space, the center of the screen (screen). The pointing object MK2 is arranged on the circumference of the radius r2 (r2 <r1) with the point O as the center.

  As shown in FIG. 6C, when the distance L between the missile M3 and the own device POB is 0 to 5 kilometers (0 <L ≦ 5) in the object space, the center point O of the screen is The pointing object MK3 is arranged on the circumference of the radius r3 (r3 <r2 <r1) as the center.

  That is, in the present embodiment, the distance L between the position P (Xp, Zp) of the own device POB and the position Q (Xq, Zq) of the missile M is obtained, and based on the distance L, FIGS. In (C), it is determined which of the circle with the radius r1, the circle with the radius r2, and the circle with the radius r3 is arranged on the circumference. In other words, the distance between the center point O on the screen and the pointing object MK is changed based on the distance between the own device POB and the missile in the object space. That is, in the object space, control is performed so that the pointing object MK corresponding to the missile M approaches the screen center point O as the missile M approaches the own device POB. In this way, the approach distance of the missile can be grasped instantaneously.

  Further, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the direction of the pointing object with respect to the center point O on the screen may be changed based on the direction of the missile M with respect to the own device POB in the object space.

  For example, in the x-axis and y-axis with the center point O of the screen as the origin, the position P (Xp, Zp) of the own device POB in the XZ plane of the object space is associated with the center point O (xo, yo) of the screen. The orientation of the own device POB in the XZ plane of the object space (the nose direction, the axis) is associated with the screen y-axis direction.

  Then, the direction PMV of the position Q (Xq, Zq) of the missile M with respect to the position P (Xp, Zp) of the own device POB in the object space is moved from the position KP (x_kp, y_kp) of the pointing object MK to the center point O of the screen. Associate with the direction you head. That is, the direction PMV from the position W of the missile M toward the position P of the own machine POB is obtained, the position KP (x_kp, y_kp) of the pointing object on the screen is determined based on the obtained direction PMV, and the position KP (x_kp , Y_kp), a process of arranging the pointing object is performed. In other words, the angle θ from the machine axis with the position P in the object space as the origin to the position Q is made to correspond to the angle to the position KP (x_kp, y_kp) from the y axis on the screen, in the direction of the angle θ. An instruction object MK is arranged.

  That is, in the present embodiment, the distance L between the position P (Xp, Zp) of the own device POB in the object space and the position Q (Xq, Zq) of the missile M, and the position Q (Xq) with respect to the position P (Xp, Zp) , Zq) based on the direction PMV, a position KP (x_kp, y_kp) at which the pointing object MK is arranged on the screen is determined, and a process of arranging the arc-shaped object MK at the position KP (x_kp, y_kp) is performed. .

  According to the above processing, in the present embodiment, the player can easily recognize the distance and direction of the bullet such as the missile M with respect to the own POB.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, r1 is set so that the radius r1 is not more than half the vertical and horizontal lengths of the screen. That is, the radius r1 is set so that r1 ≦ H / 2, and the radii r2 and r3 are set so that r2 and r3 have a relationship of r3 <r2 <r1. In short, in the present embodiment, the circle having the radius r1 is set so as to be within the screen.

  In this embodiment, the circles having radii r1, r2, and r3 are concentric circles, and the center point CO of each circle is set as the center point O of the screen. In other words, the center point O of the screen is a point obtained by converting a point in the line-of-sight direction CV (the Z direction of the camera coordinate system) of the virtual camera C into the screen coordinate system in the object space. That is, usually, a player often plays a game by aligning the player's own viewpoint with the center of the screen. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a process of determining the position of the missile M with reference to the center point O of the screen is performed. Is going. In this way, the player can instantly recognize the position of the missile M without greatly moving his / her viewpoint, and the player can easily avoid the missile M even for beginners and other players with poor skills. be able to.

  In the present embodiment, the center point CO of each circle having the radii r1, r2, and r3 may be set at a position different from the center point O of the screen. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the center point CO of each circle having the radii r1, r2, and r3 may be set at a position on the y-axis of the screen.

  In the present embodiment, a reference point (specific position) may be set based on the display position of the own device, and the pointing object MK may be arranged around the set reference point. For example, when an image including the own device is generated from the rear viewpoint, the display position coordinates p (xp, xp, xp, x) converted from the position P (Xp, Yp, Zp) of the own device POB in the object space to the screen coordinate system. yp) may be set as the center point CO of each circle of radius r1, r2, r3.

  Further, since it may be desirable to place the pointing object at a position different from the display area of the own device, a movement follow-up point that follows the display position coordinate p (xp, yp) of the own device POB converted into the screen coordinate system may be used. e (xe, ye) may be obtained, and the movement follow-up point e (xe, ye) may be set as the center point CO of each circle having the radii r1, r2, and r3. For example, the movement follow-up point e can be set to a position coordinate separated from the display position coordinate p (xp, yp) of the own device POB by a predetermined distance and in a predetermined direction.

3-2. In this embodiment, the pointing object is arranged on a circle having radii r1, r2, and r3 based on the distance between the own aircraft and the bullet. The arc-shaped pointing object is controlled so as to be arranged along the line. For example, when an instruction object is arranged in a circle with a radius r1, an instruction object MK1 having a circular arc shape with a radius r1 (for example, an arc shape with an inner angle of 30 degrees) is arranged. When the pointing object is arranged in a circle having the radius r2, the circular arc-shaped pointing object MK2 having the radius r2 is arranged. When the pointing object is arranged on a circle having a radius r3, the circular arc-shaped pointing object MK2 having a radius r3 is arranged.

  In the present embodiment, control may be performed to change the size of the pointing object MK based on the distance between the own aircraft and the bullet. For example, scaling control is performed so that the size of the pointing object MK is reduced as the missile M approaches the own machine POB. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9A, when the pointing object MK1 is arranged on the circle with the radius r1, the pointing object MK1 is set to a size of 1 and the pointing object MK1 is set on the circle with the radius r2. When arranging MK2, the indication object MK is made 0.75 times larger, and when the instruction object MK3 is arranged on a circle having the radius r3, the indication object MK3 is made 0.5 times larger. You may do it. In this way, even when many instruction objects MK are arranged at the center of the screen, the object MK can be easily viewed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the instruction object MK is displayed without being translucently displayed so as to be displayed like a real HUD. Therefore, in order to make the background of the pointing object MK clear, the pointing object MK is displayed with a frame, or a mesh texture is mapped to the pointing object MK.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 9B, when the pointing object MK1 is arranged along the circle with the radius r1, only the frame is displayed on the pointing object MK1, and the pointing object MK2 is arranged along the circle with the radius r2. In the case where the texture TA having a coarse stitch pattern is mapped to the instruction object MK and the instruction object MK3 is arranged along the circle having the radius r3, the mesh having a stitch that is more tight than the texture TA is arranged on the instruction object MK3. Map the texture TB of the pattern. In this way, it can be expressed that the danger increases as the missile approaches.

4). In the present embodiment, in this embodiment, it is determined whether or not a bullet (missile, machine gun) fired from an enemy hits the own POB, and if it is determined that the bullet hits the own POB The damage production process is performed. In the present embodiment, one damage effect process is performed per hit with one bullet.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 10, when it is determined that the bullet hits the own machine POB, a process of blinking the pointing object MK arranged on the radius r3 is performed. In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, when it is determined that the bullet hits its own POB, the red colored images on the right and left sides of the screen are superimposed on the original image already drawn in the frame buffer. An overlay display for drawing may be performed. In this way, the player can instantly recognize that a missile attack or the like has been received from an enemy aircraft.

  In this embodiment, every time a bullet hits its own POB, the damage accumulation value I that accumulates damage is updated. When the damage accumulation value I finally reaches the maximum value (I = 100), it is considered that the player has shot down and the process of ending the game is performed. Therefore, in this embodiment, in order to easily notify the player of the damage accumulation value, the period for performing the overlay display is adjusted based on the damage accumulation value I.

  For example, when the damage accumulation value I is 0 to 50 (0 ≦ I <50), overlay display is performed for 2 seconds from the time when it is determined that the hit has occurred. When the damage accumulation value I is 50 to 80 (50 ≦ I <80), overlay display is performed for 10 seconds from the time when it is determined that the damage has occurred. When the damage accumulation value I is 80 to 100 (80 ≦ I <100), overlay display is performed for 60 seconds from the time when it is determined that the damage has occurred. When the damage accumulation value I reaches the maximum value (I = 100), a game end effect process is performed.

  In the present embodiment, when it is determined that the bullet hits the own POB, an image in which noise is applied to the HUD image may be generated for 1 to 2 seconds. Further, when it is determined that the bullet hits the own POB, an image in which the HUD image is distorted may be generated.

5. Movement calculation process The movement process in this embodiment is demonstrated. In this embodiment, based on the input information from an input part, the process which moves an own machine is performed. For example, the position of the own machine is obtained for each frame, and the process of moving the own machine to the obtained position is performed. For example, if the position of the N-1th frame is P (N-1), the movement vector of the N-1th frame is PV, and the time of 1 frame is T, the position PN of the Nth frame is expressed by the following formula ( 1).
PN = P (N−1) + PV × T (1)

  Next, the process of moving bullets such as machine guns and missiles fired from aircraft such as the own aircraft and enemy aircraft will be described. First, with respect to the cannon, the position of the cannon for each frame is obtained based on the movement vector of the cannon, and a process of moving to the obtained position is performed.

  In the present embodiment, when the missile movement process is performed, the movement process is performed based on the tracking function (guidance performance) of the missile. In the present embodiment, guidance performance is provided for tracking and moving the target object to be locked on, provided that the target object is locked on. For example, if your aircraft is locked on from an enemy aircraft, and a missile is launched from your enemy aircraft toward your aircraft, you can track and move the missile launched from the enemy aircraft to your aircraft. Is going.

  Lock-on means that the first aircraft sets the second aircraft as the attack target when the distance between the first aircraft and the second aircraft is within a predetermined distance (for example, within 15 kilometers). It means a state. For example, when the enemy aircraft is located behind the aircraft and the distance between the enemy aircraft and the aircraft is within a predetermined distance, the enemy aircraft enters a lock-on state in which the aircraft is set as an attack target. In the present embodiment, the missile can be launched in the lock-on state.

  Also, as shown in FIG. 12, in the present embodiment, a predetermined range MA is set based on the direction of the missile M, it is determined whether or not the own POB is located within the predetermined range MA, and the missile M's When the own POB is located within the predetermined range MA, the missile M performs a movement process so as to track the own POB. On the other hand, when the own device POB is not located within the predetermined range MA of the missile M, as shown in FIG. 13, the missile M does not track the own device POB, and no tracking target object exists. Judgment is performed to delete the missile M from the object space.

The tracking movement process will be specifically described. In the present embodiment, for example, the movement process of the missile M is performed based on the tracking coefficient K (K> 0). For example, the position of the missile of the N-1th frame is set to Q (N-1), the position of the POB of the N-1th frame is set to P (N-1), and the movement vector MV of the missile is set to 1 frame. If the time is T and the tracking coefficient is K, the missile position QN of the Nth frame can be obtained by the following equation (2).
QN = Q (N−1) + MV × T + K (P (N−1) −Q (N−1)) (2)

  For example, the tracking force of the missile M can be increased as the tracking coefficient K in Expression (2) increases. As a result of the tracking movement process, as shown in FIG. 12, when the own apparatus POB is positioned in the movement direction of the missile M, the missile M hits the own apparatus POB, and as shown in FIG. When the own POB is not located in the moving direction, the missile M does not hit the own POB. Also, if the own POB escapes faster than the tracking force of the missile M, the own POB can escape from the attack of the missile M.

6). Flowchart Finally, the flow of processing for displaying an instruction object related to a missile launched from an enemy aircraft will be described with reference to FIG. First, it is determined whether or not a missile has been launched from an enemy aircraft toward itself (step S1). Then, when a missile is launched from the enemy aircraft toward the aircraft (Y in Step S1), the pointing object is placed on the screen based on the relative distance and direction of the missile with respect to the location of the aircraft in the object space. The process arrange | positioning to is performed (step S2). Then, it is determined whether or not the missile has hit the aircraft (step S3). If the missile hits the aircraft (Y in step S3), a damage effect process is performed (step S4), and the process ends. On the other hand, if the missile has not hit the machine (N in step S3), it is determined whether or not the missile has been avoided (step S5). If the missile is not avoided (N in Step S5), the process returns to Step S2. On the other hand, when a missile is avoided (Y in step S5), a process for deleting the designated object is performed (step S6), and the process is terminated. The process ends here.

7). Application Example In the present embodiment, an instruction object may be arranged in an object space (three-dimensional) to generate an image that can be viewed from a virtual camera in the object space. In other words, the pointing object related to the HUD image may be arranged in a three-dimensional space to generate an image.

7-1. For example, in this embodiment, a reference point (specific position) DP1 is set based on the viewpoint position CP of the virtual camera in the object space, and the instruction is based on the reference point DP1. You may make it perform the process which arrange | positions an object.

  That is, in the present embodiment, the process of arranging the pointing object MK in the object space based on the reference point DP1 based on the distance L between the own device POB and the missile M in the object space and the direction of the missile M with respect to the own device POB. May be performed.

  And the process which produces | generates the image containing the instruction | indication object MK visible from this virtual camera C is performed, and the produced | generated image is displayed on a display part. In this way, the player can know three-dimensionally about the approach of a missile or the like.

  In the present embodiment, the reference point DP1 is set based on the viewpoint position CP of the virtual camera. For example, the gazing point (attention point) of the virtual camera C may be set as the reference point DP1, or a position on the visual line direction CV of the virtual camera C and at a predetermined distance from the viewpoint position CP of the virtual camera is set as the reference point. It may be DP1. A point that follows the movement of the virtual camera C may be set as the reference point DP1.

  In the present embodiment, when the pointing object is arranged in the object space, the reference point of the object space is determined based on the distance between the own device POB and the missile M in the object space, as in the case of arranging on the screen. And the distance between the pointing object and the pointing object may be changed. For example, the pointing object may be arranged so as to move away from the viewpoint as viewed from the viewpoint as the missile approaches the aircraft. Further, the direction of the pointing object with respect to the reference point of the object space may be changed based on the direction of the missile with respect to the own device in the object space.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15A, the instruction objects MK1, MK2, and MK3 may be arranged in a predetermined volume VM1 having a width in the depth direction of the instruction object. For example, the instruction objects MK1, MK2, and MK3 are arranged in a predetermined volume VM1 in the view volume CA of the virtual camera C.

  For example, the predetermined volume VM1 is a volume that includes a near plane (front clipping plane) and has a width in the depth direction. More specifically, the predetermined volume VM1 is a conical volume having a reference point DP1 as a vertex and a bottom surface of a circle having a radius r1 of an XY plane (Near Plane) having a predetermined depth value Z1 in the camera coordinate system.

  In the present embodiment, for example, in the object space, when the distance L between the missile M1 and the own machine POB is 10 to 15 kilometers (10 <L ≦ 15), as shown in FIG. The depth value of the camera coordinate system with the viewpoint CP as the origin is Z1, and as shown in FIG. 15B, the pointing object MK1 of the missile M1 is placed on the circumference of the radius r1 on the XY plane. .

  Further, in the object space, when the distance L between the missile M2 and the own device POB is 5 to 10 kilometers (5 <L ≦ 10), the viewpoint CP is the origin as shown in FIG. The depth value of the camera coordinate system is Z2 (Z1 <Z2), and the pointing object MK2 of the missile M2 is placed on the circumference of the radius r2 (r2 <r1) on the XY plane as shown in FIG. 15B. Place.

  Then, in the object space, when the distance L between the missile M3 and the own device POB is 0 to 5 kilometers (0 <L ≦ 5), the viewpoint CP is the origin as shown in FIG. The depth value of the camera coordinate system is Z3 (Z1 <Z2 <Z3), and as shown in FIG. 15B, the missile M3 is placed on the circumference of the radius r3 (r3 <r2 <r1) on the XY plane. The pointing object MK3 is arranged.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, not only the position of the pointing object on the plane (XY plane) but also the arrangement state in the depth direction changes based on the distance between the missile and the own aircraft. The distance and direction approaching can be grasped instantly.

7-2. In this embodiment, a reference point (specific position) DP2 is set based on the position P of the own device in the object space, and the pointing object is arranged based on the reference point DP2. Processing may be performed.

  That is, in the present embodiment, the process of arranging the pointing object MK in the object space based on the reference point DP2 based on the distance L between the own device POB and the missile M and the direction of the missile M with respect to the own device POB in the object space. May be performed.

  And the process which produces | generates the image containing the instruction | indication object MK seen from the virtual camera C which follows the movement of the own apparatus POB is performed, and the produced | generated image is displayed on a display part. In this way, the player can know three-dimensionally about the approach of a missile or the like.

  In the present embodiment, the reference point DP2 is set based on the position P of the own device POB in the object space. For example, a position that is a predetermined distance and a predetermined direction away from the position P of the own apparatus POB may be set as the reference point DP2, or a predetermined distance (for example, 2 meters) from the position P of the own apparatus POB on the direction of the own apparatus POB. ) A distant position may be set as the reference point DP2. Also, a point that follows the movement of the own device POB may be set as the reference point DP2.

  In the present embodiment, when the pointing object is arranged in the object space, the reference point of the object space is determined based on the distance between the own device POB and the missile M in the object space, as in the case of arranging on the screen. And the distance between the pointing object and the pointing object may be changed. For example, the pointing object may be arranged so as to move away from the position P of the own device POB in the depth direction as the missile approaches the own device. Further, the direction of the pointing object with respect to the reference point of the object space may be changed based on the direction of the missile with respect to the own device in the object space.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 16A, the pointing objects MK1, MK2, and MK3 may be arranged in a predetermined volume VM2 that is wide in the depth direction.

  For example, the predetermined volume VM2 is a volume having a width in the depth direction in the model coordinate system with the position P of the own device POB as the origin. For example, a conical volume having a reference point DP2 as a vertex and a bottom surface of a circle having a radius r1 on the XY plane of a predetermined depth value Z1 in the model coordinate system can be used.

  In the present embodiment, for example, in the object space, when the distance L between the missile M1 and the own device POB is 10 to 15 kilometers (10 <L ≦ 15), as shown in FIG. The depth value of the model coordinate system of the own device POB is Z1, and as shown in FIG. 16B, the pointing object MK1 of the missile M1 is arranged on the circumference of the radius r1 on the XY plane.

  Further, in the object space, when the distance L between the missile M2 and the own POB is 5 to 10 kilometers (5 <L ≦ 10), as shown in FIG. The depth value of the system is Z2 (Z1 <Z2), and the pointing object MK2 of the missile M2 is arranged on the circumference of the radius r2 (r2 <r1) on the XY plane as shown in FIG. To do.

  In the object space, when the distance L between the missile M3 and the own device POB is 0 to 5 kilometers (0 <L ≦ 5), as shown in FIG. 16A, the model coordinates of the own device POB. The depth value of the system is Z3 (Z1 <Z2 <Z3), and as shown in FIG. 16B, the missile M3 is indicated on the circumference of the radius r3 (r3 <r2 <r1) on the XY plane. The object MK3 is arranged.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the arrangement state of the pointing object not only on the plane (XY plane) but also in the depth direction based on the own POB is changed based on the distance between the missile and the own aircraft. So, you can instantly understand how the missile is approaching.

7-3. In this embodiment, there is a shielding object DOB (for example, a building or a building) that shields the pointing object MK when viewed from the virtual camera C. In this case, the instruction object MK may be arranged before the shield object DOB with respect to the virtual camera C. This is because the player can always confirm the position and direction of the missile with the pointing object MK.

  More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 17A, there are cases where the pointing objects MK2 and MK3 exist behind the shielding object DOB when viewed from the virtual camera C. In such a case, the instruction objects MK2 and MK3 are arranged as follows. For example, as shown in FIG. 17B, the indication objects MK2 and MK3 are arranged on the Near Plane (the bottom surface of the predetermined volume VM1) which is the depth value Z1 of the camera coordinate system of the virtual camera C.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 17C, the indication objects MK2 and MK3 are arranged in a range (Z1 ≦ Z <Zd) from the depth value Z1 (Near Plane) to the depth value Zd where the shielding object DOB is located. . In such a case, the pointing objects MK2 and MK3 are arranged based on the distance and direction between the missile and the own aircraft.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 17D, the position of the virtual camera C may be moved to a position CP ′ in the direction opposite to the line-of-sight direction. That is, the virtual camera C is moved from ZW1 to ZW0 in the world coordinate system.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 17D, the predetermined volume VM1 may be moved in front of the shield object DOB when viewed from the virtual camera C. That is, the reference point DP1 is moved from ZW4 in the world coordinate system to the position ZW2 (ZW2 <ZW3) on the virtual camera side from the position ZW3 of the shielding object DOB, and the predetermined volume VM1 based on the reference point DP1 is set. Also good. Then, the instruction objects MK1 to MK3 are arranged in the predetermined volume VM1. Through the above processing, in the present embodiment, the player can surely confirm the pointing object and can predict the approach of the missile.

  Further, in the present embodiment, even when the pointing object is arranged in the object space with reference to the reference point DP2 set based on the position P of the own device POB, the virtual camera C is positioned before the shielding object DOB. In addition, an instruction object may be arranged.

  More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 18A, there are cases where the instruction objects MK2 and MK3 are present behind the shielding object DOB as viewed from the virtual camera C. In such a case, the instruction objects MK2 and MK3 are arranged as follows. For example, as shown in FIG. 18B, the instruction objects MK2 and MK3 are arranged on the surface (the bottom surface of the predetermined volume VM2) having the depth value Z1 of the model coordinate system of the own device POB.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 18C, the pointing object MK2, within the range (Z1 ≦ Z <Zd) from the depth value Z1 of the model coordinate system of the own device POB to the depth value Zd where the shielding object DOB is located. Place MK3. In such a case, the pointing objects MK2 and MK3 are arranged based on the distance and direction between the missile and the own aircraft.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 18D, the predetermined volume VM2 may be moved in front of the shield object DOB when viewed from the virtual camera C. That is, the reference point DP2 is moved from ZW4 in the world coordinate system to the position ZW2 (ZW2 <ZW3) on the virtual camera side from the position ZW3 of the shielding object DOB to set the predetermined volume VM2 based on the reference point DP2. Also good. Then, the instruction objects MK1 to MK3 are arranged in the predetermined volume VM2. Through the above processing, in the present embodiment, the player can surely confirm the pointing object and can predict the approach of the missile.

7-4. Application to Stereoscopic Image In the present embodiment, the present invention may be applied to a stereoscopic image. That is, the rendering unit 120 of the present embodiment generates a left-eye image that can be seen from the left-eye virtual camera for stereoscopic viewing and a right-eye image that can be seen from the right-eye virtual camera for stereoscopic viewing, and the left-eye image And the right-eye image may be combined to generate a stereoscopic image.

  Here, a stereoscopic image is an image that can be felt as if there is a three-dimensional object by using physiological functions such as a shift in gaze angle between the left and right eyes of a human, convergence, and focal length (focus adjustment). That is.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, the left-eye virtual camera CL is arranged at the position CPL and the right-eye virtual camera CR is arranged at the position CPR with a predetermined interval d in the object space. Note that the left and right virtual cameras CL and CR are controlled by the virtual camera control unit 117. For example, the virtual cameras CL and CR are controlled to follow the movement of the own device.

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, when generating the left-eye image, a left-eye viewpoint coordinate system with the viewpoint position CPL as the origin and the line-of-sight direction CVL in the positive direction is set. The object is coordinate-transformed into the left-eye viewpoint coordinate system, and each vertex coordinate of the object is perspective-projected into the screen coordinate system that is the projection plane, thereby generating a left-eye image IL. Then, the data of the left eye image IL is stored in the left eye image buffer.

  Similarly, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, when generating a right-eye image, a right-eye viewpoint coordinate system with the viewpoint position CPR as the origin and the line-of-sight direction CVR as the positive direction is set. Then, the object is coordinate-transformed into the right-eye viewpoint coordinate system, and each vertex coordinate of the object is perspective-projected into the screen coordinate system that is the projection plane to generate the right-eye image IR. Then, the data of the right eye image IR is stored in the right eye image buffer.

  Then, a stereoscopic image is generated based on the left-eye image IL stored in the left-eye image buffer and the right-eye image IR stored in the right-image buffer, and stored in the stereoscopic image buffer. An anaglyph process may be performed when generating a stereoscopic image. That is, in the present embodiment, a stereoscopic image is generated by changing the color of the left-eye image and the right-eye image by anaglyph processing, and the left and right eyes use different color filters (for example, the left eye is red and the right eye is blue). You may make it implement | achieve stereoscopic vision by seeing.

  In the present embodiment, stereoscopic viewing by so-called “polarization” may be realized. For example, a stereoscopic view may be realized by a method of setting a filter that allows only light in a specific direction to pass in front of a projector lens that displays a stereoscopic image and separating the left and right images. In the present embodiment, a so-called “shutter type” stereoscopic view may be realized. For example, a left-eye image and a right-eye image are displayed alternately, and the liquid crystal shutter incorporated in the glasses is opened and closed alternately so that the right-eye image can be seen by the right eye and the left-eye image can be seen by the left eye. Visualization may be realized. In addition, stereoscopic vision can be realized by various methods.

  In the present embodiment, when generating a stereoscopic image, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, a common reference is based on the viewpoints CPR and CPL of the left-eye virtual camera and the right-eye virtual camera. The point DP1 and the predetermined volume VM1 may be set and the pointing object may be arranged.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, the left-eye virtual camera CL and the right-eye virtual camera so that the line-of-sight direction CVL of the left-eye virtual camera CL and the line-of-sight direction CVR of the right-eye virtual camera CR are parallel to each other. When the camera CR is arranged in the object space, the reference point DP1 is set as follows. For example, the reference point DP1 is set based on the viewpoint position CPL of the left-eye virtual camera CL and the viewpoint position CPR of the right-eye virtual camera CR. Specifically, a midpoint between the gazing point of the left-eye virtual camera CL and the gazing point of the right-eye virtual camera CR may be set as the reference point DP1. Also, a position DPL that is on the line-of-sight direction CVL of the left-eye virtual camera CL and at a predetermined distance from the viewpoint position CPL of the left-eye virtual camera CL, and a line-of-sight direction CVR of the right-eye virtual camera CR and the right-eye virtual camera The midpoint of the position DPR at a predetermined distance from the CR viewpoint position CPR may be set as the reference point DP1. Further, a point that follows the movement of the left-eye virtual camera CL and the right-eye virtual camera CR may be set as the reference point DP1.

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 19A and 19B, a predetermined volume VM1 is set based on the reference point DP1. That is, a volume having a width in the depth direction is set as the predetermined volume VM1 based on the viewpoint position CPL of the left-eye virtual camera CL and the viewpoint position CPR of the right-eye virtual camera CR. For example, the predetermined volume VM1 has an XY plane having a predetermined depth value Z1 in each camera coordinate system of the left-eye virtual camera CL and the right-eye virtual camera CR (for example, Near Plane in each camera coordinate system) with the reference point DP1 as a vertex. A circular volume having a radius r1 of a plane is defined as a conical volume.

  Based on the distance L between the own device POB and the missile M in the object space and the direction of the missile M with respect to the own device POB, the pointing object MK is based on the reference point DP1 that follows the viewpoint movement of the virtual cameras CL and CR. The process of arranging in the object space may be performed. Thereby, the approach degree of the missile with a sense of depth can be further displayed by the stereoscopic image.

  Further, in the present embodiment, even when a stereoscopic image is generated, the pointing object may be arranged based on the position P of the own device POB as shown in FIG. That is, in the present embodiment, based on the distance L between the own device POB and the missile M in the object space and the direction of the missile M with respect to the own device, the reference object DP is used as the reference point DP2 that follows the movement of the own device POB. Alternatively, it may be arranged in the object space. Thereby, the approach degree of the missile with a sense of depth can be further displayed by the stereoscopic image.

  Further, in the present embodiment, even when generating a stereoscopic image, the pointing object may be arranged in front of the shield as viewed from the virtual camera. That is, in the present embodiment, when there is a shielding object DOB (for example, a building or a building) that shields the pointing object MK when viewed from the left-eye virtual camera CL and the right-eye virtual camera CR, the left-eye virtual camera Control is performed so that the pointing object is arranged before the shield object DOB with respect to the virtual camera CR for CL and the right eye. Therefore, the player can visually recognize the pointing object even in a stereoscopic image.

100 processing unit, 110 receiving unit, 111 object placement unit,
112 movement / motion processing unit, 112a movement processing unit,
113 instruction object control unit, 114 hit determination unit, 115 game calculation unit,
116 damage effect processing unit, 117 virtual camera control unit, 118 communication control unit 120 drawing unit, 130 sound processing unit, 160 input unit, 162 detection unit,
170 storage unit, 171 main storage unit, 172 image buffer,
173 Object data storage unit, 180 information storage medium, 190 display unit,
192 sound output unit, 196 communication unit,
MK, MK1, MK2, MK3 indicating objects,
O Center position of the screen,
r1, r2, r3 radius,
The center point of the circle of CO r1, r2, r2;
W screen horizontal length, H screen vertical length,
NPC enemy aircraft (example of second object),
C virtual camera, CP viewpoint position, CV viewing direction, CA field of view range,
POB own machine (example of first object),
PV The moving speed vector of the aircraft,
P, P1, P2, P3 Position of own aircraft (representative point),
M, M1, M2, M3 missiles,
Q, Q1, Q2, Q3 Missile position,
L The distance between the bullet and the first object,
PMV The direction of the bullet relative to the first object,
TA, TB texture,
MA predetermined range,
CA view volume (view range),
DP1 reference point, a predetermined volume set with reference to VM1 DP1,
DP2 reference point, predetermined volume set with VM2 DP2 as a reference,
CL virtual camera for left eye,
CPL viewpoint position of virtual camera for left eye,
CR virtual camera for right eye,
CPR viewpoint position of virtual camera for right eye,

Claims (18)

A program for performing image generation processing,
A movement process for moving the first object in the object space based on the input information of the input unit, and a movement process for moving the bullets fired from the second object to the first object in the object space are performed. A movement processing unit;
A pointing object control unit that performs processing for arranging a pointing object on the screen based on a distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, a bullet direction with respect to the first object, and a given reference point of the screen; ,
As a drawing unit that performs a process of generating an image including the pointing object, the computer functions.
The pointing object control unit
A program characterized in that the center position of the screen is used as a reference point, and the pointing object is arranged on the screen based on the reference point. A program for performing image generation processing,
A movement process for moving the first object in the object space based on the input information of the input unit, and a movement process for moving the bullets fired from the second object to the first object in the object space are performed. A movement processing unit;
A pointing object control unit that performs processing for arranging a pointing object on the screen based on a distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, a bullet direction with respect to the first object, and a given reference point of the screen; ,
As a drawing unit that performs a process of generating an image including the pointing object, the computer functions.
The pointing object control unit
A program characterized in that a reference point is set based on a display position of a first object, and a process of arranging a pointing object on a screen based on the reference point is performed. In claim 1 or 2,
The pointing object control unit
A program for changing a distance between the reference point on the screen and the pointing object based on a distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet. In any one of Claims 1-3,
The pointing object control unit
A program for changing a direction of the pointing object with respect to the reference point on a screen based on a direction of a bullet with respect to a first object in an object space. A program for performing image generation processing,
A movement process for moving the first object in the object space based on the input information of the input unit, and a movement process for moving the bullets fired from the second object to the first object in the object space are performed. A movement processing unit;
A pointing object control unit that performs processing for placing the pointing object in the object space based on the distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, the direction of the bullet relative to the first object, and a given reference point;
As a drawing unit that performs a process of generating an image including the pointing object, the computer functions.
The pointing object control unit
A program characterized in that a reference point is set based on a viewpoint position of a virtual camera in an object space, and a process of arranging the pointing object based on the reference point is performed. A program for performing image generation processing,
A movement process for moving the first object in the object space based on the input information of the input unit, and a movement process for moving the bullets fired from the second object to the first object in the object space are performed. A movement processing unit;
A pointing object control unit that performs processing for placing the pointing object in the object space based on the distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, the direction of the bullet relative to the first object, and a given reference point;
As a drawing unit that performs a process of generating an image including the pointing object, the computer functions.
The pointing object control unit
A program characterized in that a reference point is set based on the position of the first object in the object space, and a process of arranging the pointing object based on the reference point is performed. In claim 5 or 6,
The pointing object control unit
A program that changes the distance between the reference point in the object space and the pointing object based on the distance between the first object in the object space and the bullet. In any one of Claims 5-7,
The pointing object control unit
A program for changing the direction of the pointing object with respect to the reference point in the object space based on the direction of the bullet with respect to the first object in the object space. In any one of Claims 5-8,
The pointing object control unit
A program characterized in that the pointing object is arranged in a predetermined volume of an object space. In any one of Claims 5-9,
The pointing object control unit
When there is a shielding object that shields the pointing object when viewed from the virtual camera, the pointing object is arranged in front of the shielding object with respect to the virtual camera. In any one of Claims 5-10,
The drawing unit
Generating a left-eye image including the pointing object visible from the left-eye virtual camera for stereoscopic viewing and a right-eye image including the pointing object visible from the right-eye virtual camera for stereoscopic viewing; A program for performing processing for generating a stereoscopic image by combining the right-eye image. In any one of Claims 1-11,
The pointing object control unit
A program that changes at least one of a size, a shape, and a pattern of the pointing object based on a distance between the first object in the object space and a bullet. In any one of Claims 1-12,
A hit determination unit for determining whether the bullet has hit the first object;
A program that further causes a computer to function as a damage effect processing unit that performs a damage effect process when it is determined that the bullet has hit the first object.   A computer-readable information storage medium, wherein the program according to any one of claims 1 to 13 is stored. A terminal that performs image generation processing,
A movement process for moving the first object in the object space based on the input information of the input unit, and a movement process for moving the bullets fired from the second object to the first object in the object space are performed. A movement processing unit;
A pointing object control unit that performs processing for arranging a pointing object on the screen based on a distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, a bullet direction with respect to the first object, and a given reference point of the screen; ,
A drawing unit that performs processing for generating an image including the pointing object,
The pointing object control unit
A terminal characterized in that the center position of the screen is used as a reference point, and a process of arranging a pointing object on the screen based on the reference point is performed. A terminal that performs image generation processing,
A movement process for moving the first object in the object space based on the input information of the input unit, and a movement process for moving the bullets fired from the second object to the first object in the object space are performed. A movement processing unit;
A pointing object control unit that performs processing for arranging a pointing object on the screen based on a distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, a bullet direction with respect to the first object, and a given reference point of the screen; ,
A drawing unit that performs processing for generating an image including the pointing object,
The pointing object control unit
A terminal characterized in that a reference point is set based on a display position of a first object, and a process of arranging a pointing object on a screen based on the reference point is performed. A terminal that performs image generation processing,
A movement process for moving the first object in the object space based on the input information of the input unit, and a movement process for moving the bullets fired from the second object to the first object in the object space are performed. A movement processing unit;
A pointing object control unit that performs processing for placing the pointing object in the object space based on the distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, the direction of the bullet relative to the first object, and a given reference point;
A drawing unit that performs processing for generating an image including the pointing object,
The pointing object control unit
A terminal characterized in that a reference point is set based on a viewpoint position of a virtual camera in an object space, and a process of arranging the pointing object based on the reference point is performed. A terminal that performs image generation processing,
A movement process for moving the first object in the object space based on the input information of the input unit, and a movement process for moving the bullets fired from the second object to the first object in the object space are performed. A movement processing unit;
A pointing object control unit that performs processing for placing the pointing object in the object space based on the distance between the first object and the bullet in the object space, the direction of the bullet relative to the first object, and a given reference point;
A drawing unit that performs processing for generating an image including the pointing object,
The pointing object control unit
A terminal characterized in that a reference point is set based on a position of a first object in an object space, and a process of arranging the pointing object based on the reference point is performed.