JP2011198825A - Solar energy generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic solar energy generator that raises the efficiency of power generation by confining visible light in a module, and recovers infrared light as thermal energy.SOLUTION: The organic solar energy generator includes transparent electrodes 2 and 3, a photoelectric conversion element 4, a triangular pipe 5, and reflective films 6 and 7. Circulating water 8 filling the triangular pipe 5 functions as a prism that reflects visible light many times inside the energy generator to improve the efficiency of photoelectric conversion. The circulating water 8 absorbs infrared light to recover thermal energy, thereby the total efficiency of using solar energy is improved and a temperature increase at the photoelectric conversion element 4 is suppressed.

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar power generation device using a photoelectric conversion element.

  In recent years, organic solar cells such as dye-sensitized solar cells and organic thin-film solar cells have been developed, and although the photoelectric conversion efficiency is inferior to conventional crystalline silicon type solar cells, they are promising in the future because they can be manufactured at low cost. It is considered.

  Such an organic solar cell is characterized in that the photoelectric conversion layer is formed into a thin film, so that all light is not absorbed by the photoelectric conversion layer and transmitted, and a solar cell module applied as a see-through type, etc. There is also.

  In addition, many modules have been reported that utilize the light confinement effect that increases the photoelectric conversion efficiency by reflecting incident light many times inside the solar cell module and passing the photoelectric conversion layer many times.

  For example, in the solar power generation device described in Patent Document 1, it is described that a prism sheet is provided on a light receiving surface portion, and that power generation efficiency is improved by scattering and reflecting most of incident light inside the module.

  Further, in the photovoltaic power generation apparatus described in Patent Document 2, by stacking substances having relatively different refractive indexes, light is confined inside the module using interfacial reflection between layers, and photoelectric conversion efficiency is increased. It is described to increase.

  In an organic thin-film solar cell module using such a light confinement effect, incident light can be transmitted many times through the photoelectric conversion layer, so that the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layer is reduced to improve the built-in electric field strength. It is possible to increase the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

JP-A-2005-340583 JP 2009-141059

  Most of the organic solar cells described above are photoelectrically converted with visible light, and most of infrared light cannot be absorbed. Even if the optical confinement effect described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is used, the absorption rate of visible light and the photoelectric conversion efficiency are improved, but infrared light is almost released into the atmosphere as heat. Will be.

  In addition, in an organic solar cell, durability may be reduced by heat, and cooling of the solar cell may be necessary for improving durability.

  Accordingly, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a thermoelectric supply type solar power generation capable of collecting infrared light as thermal energy while having a light confinement effect of reciprocating incident light many times in the solar cell module. An object is to provide an apparatus.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the photovoltaic power generation apparatus of the present invention is a tube capable of circulating circulating water, and among the surfaces forming the tube, the sunlight receiving surface is the top surface, and the other surface. With the pipe facing downward, a pipe formed so as to allow sunlight to pass through the pipe, a photovoltaic power generation element that is bonded to the upper surface of the pipe and that performs photoelectric conversion processing, and the other surface of the pipe And a reflective film capable of reflecting sunlight transmitted through the pipe toward the solar power generation element.

  According to the present invention, circulating water circulates in a pipe formed so that sunlight can be transmitted through the pipe with the sunlight receiving surface facing upward and the other surface facing downward, and the upper surface of the pipe In the photoelectric conversion element bonded to the pipe, the photoelectric conversion process is performed, and the reflective film bonded to the lower side of the pipe can reflect sunlight transmitted through the pipe toward the photovoltaic power generation element. As a result, sunlight can be confined in the pipe, photoelectric conversion efficiency due to the light confinement effect can be improved, and thermal energy can be recovered. Therefore, energy conversion efficiency can be improved.

  In the solar power generation device of the present invention, it is preferable that the solar power generation element is an organic thin film solar cell or a dye-sensitized solar cell in which both sides are formed of transparent electrodes.

  Further, in the solar power generation device of the present invention, the pipe is a triangular prism-shaped tube capable of circulating circulating water, and among the surfaces forming the triangular prism shape, the sunlight receiving surface is the top surface, and the other It is preferable that the pipe is a triangular pipe formed so that the two slopes face downward and sunlight can pass through the pipe.

  According to this invention, sunlight is transmitted through the solar power generation element a plurality of times by reflecting the sunlight transmitted from the upper surface toward the solar power generation element by the two inclined surfaces arranged below. Become. Therefore, energy conversion efficiency can be improved.

  Further, in the photovoltaic power generation apparatus of the present invention, at least one of the angles formed by the upper surface of each of the triangular pipes and each inclined surface is substantially half of the total reflection critical angle with respect to the air of the circulating water. It is preferably formed at an angle.

  According to this invention, this can be reflected a plurality of times within the triangular pipe, and the photovoltaic power generation element can be dropped a plurality of times. Therefore, energy conversion efficiency can be improved.

  Moreover, the solar power generation device of this invention WHEREIN: It is preferable that the said pipe is provided with the water supply port for supplying the said circulating water, and the drain outlet for discharging | emitting the said circulating water.

  According to this invention, heat energy can be efficiently absorbed by circulating the circulating water.

  Further, in the solar power generation device of the present invention, the pipe is disposed with an inclination in the longitudinal direction, and further includes a water storage tank for storing the circulating water at an upper portion in the longitudinal direction of the front pipe, and natural convection It is preferable to circulate the circulating water in the pipe.

  According to this invention, circulation of circulating water can be realized by natural convection, and heat energy can be efficiently absorbed.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency by the light confinement effect and recover the thermal energy with an inexpensive apparatus configuration, and can increase the total energy conversion efficiency as a thermoelectric supply type solar power generation apparatus.

Fig.1 (a) is a block diagram which shows the basic composition of the solar power generation device 100 of this embodiment, and FIG.1 (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the principle of the reflective efficiency improvement. It is a block diagram of the solar power generation device 200 of 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the solar power generation device 200 of 1st Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the side surface of the solar power generation device 300 of 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the solar power generation device 300 of 2nd Embodiment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Where possible, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

  Fig.1 (a) is a block diagram which shows the basic composition of the solar power generation device 100 of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1A, the solar power generation device 100 includes a transparent electrode 2, a transparent electrode 3, a photoelectric conversion element 4, a triangular pipe 5, a reflective film 6, and a reflective film 7. The triangular pipe 5 is filled with circulating water 8. Moreover, it is desirable to provide the transparent tempered glass 1 in the light-receiving surface of the solar power generation device 100 for durability etc. In this figure, the portion composed of the transparent electrode 2, the photoelectric conversion element 4, and the transparent electrode 3 is a visible light power generation layer 9, and the triangular pipe 5 and the reflective films 6 and 7 are infrared light absorption layers 10. It is said.

  This solar power generation device 100 improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency by reflecting visible light many times inside the device using the circulating water 8 as a prism, and the circulating water 8 absorbs infrared light and collects thermal energy. By doing so, the overall utilization efficiency of solar energy is improved. Moreover, the temperature rise of the photoelectric conversion element 4 can also be suppressed.

  The transparent tempered glass 1 is disposed on the upper surface of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 100, and is made of a transparent member so that sunlight can be received.

  The transparent electrode 2 and the transparent electrode 3 are electrodes of the photoelectric conversion element 4 and are disposed on both sides of the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the photoelectric conversion element 4.

  The triangular pipe 5 is a triangular prism-shaped tube that can circulate the circulating water 8, and among the surfaces forming the triangular prism shape, the sunlight receiving surface is the top surface, and the other two slopes are directed downward, It is formed so that sunlight can pass through the inside of the tube. The photoelectric conversion element 4 is bonded to the upper surface side of the triangular pipe 5. In addition, reflection films 6 and 7 are adhered to the photoelectric conversion element 4 so as to be reflected on the slope formed in the lower part thereof. With this reflection film, sunlight can be reflected in the pipe.

  Further, it is desirable that the triangular pipe 5 has an angle formed by an upper surface constituting each of the triangular prisms and each inclined surface, which is half the critical angle of total reflection from the circulating water 8 to the air. For example, when water is used as the circulating water 8, the critical angle for total reflection when light travels from water to air is 48 degrees, so it is desirable to set it to 24 degrees, which is half of that. Thereby, many times light will pass the photoelectric conversion element 4, and it can improve a photoelectric conversion efficiency.

  In the present embodiment, the transparent electrode 2, the transparent electrode 3, and the photoelectric conversion element layer are the visible light power generation layer 9, the triangular pipe 5 (including the reflective film) is the infrared light absorption layer 10, and visible light power generation is performed. The layer 9 is a part that emits electric energy from sunlight, and the infrared light absorption layer 10 is a part that absorbs thermal energy of infrared light.

  FIG. 1B is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of improving the reflection efficiency. As shown in the figure, sunlight X incident perpendicularly to the light receiving surface is reflected by the reflective film 6, and the reflected light R <b> 1 strikes the tempered glass 1. In the tempered glass 1, the reflected light R <b> 2 is reflected toward the reflective film 7, and the reflected light R <b> 3 is reflected on the reflective film 7. As is apparent from the figure, the reflected light R1 to R3 reflected in this way can pass through the photoelectric conversion element 4 four times, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be increased.

  According to this invention, the photorefractive material that confines light inside the device, the infrared light absorbing material that absorbs infrared light as thermal energy, and the coolant that cools the photoelectric conversion element can be filled with the circulating water 8. By using water for the circulating water 8, an inexpensive apparatus configuration can be obtained.

  The triangular pipe 5 used in the above invention may have a shape having a light confinement effect substantially equal to that of the triangular pipe 5, for example, a semicircular pipe, even if the cross section is not triangular, and the visible light power generation layer 9 is triangular. The structure which forms one surface of a shape pipe may be sufficient.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 200 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view thereof. This solar power generation device 200 is obtained by arranging a plurality of solar power generation devices 100 in parallel in the longitudinal direction, a visible light power generation layer 9 composed of transparent electrodes 2 and 3 and a photoelectric conversion element 4, and a triangular pipe. It is comprised from the connection type transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a formed by connecting 5 and the infrared light absorption layer 10 comprised by the reflective films 6 and 7. FIG.

  The visible light power generation layer 9 is provided with transparent electrodes 2 and 3 on both sides thereof, and is composed of an organic thin film solar cell or a dye-sensitized solar cell. The visible light generation layer 9 mainly generates visible light and cannot absorb visible light and infrared light. Light has the characteristic of transmitting.

  This solar power generation device 200 is provided with water channels 16 for circulating the circulating water 8 at both ends in the longitudinal direction (circulation direction) of the connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a, and one water channel is already connected to the water supply port 14. One water channel is connected to the drainage port 15. The circulating water 8 injected from the water supply port 14 passes through the water channel 16, passes through each triangular pipe of the triangular pipe 5 a, passes through the water channel 16 on the opposite side, and is discharged from the drain port 15, and the circulating water circulates. Is done.

  The angle formed by the bonding surface of the visible transparent power generation layer 9 of the connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a is 24 degrees, and the light that has entered the visible light power generation layer 9 straightly enters the connected transparent water 8 filled with circulating water 8. The inside of the acrylic triangular pipe 5a is reflected and passes through the visible light power generation layer 9 four times.

  Further, part of light incident on the visible light power generation layer 9 at an angle also passes through the visible light power generation layer 9 four times, and the other passes through the visible light power generation layer 9 twice.

  On the other hand, infrared light is recovered as thermal energy by the circulating water 8 filled in the connection type transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a, and the circulating water 8 is circulated to transfer the thermal energy to the outside of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus. It can be moved and used.

  Although this solar power generation device 200 can be used as a solar power generation device that can supply both electricity and heat, a part of the electricity needs to be used as power for circulating the circulating water 8.

  FIG. 4 is a side view showing a side surface of the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 300 of the second embodiment, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view thereof. As in the first embodiment, the solar power generation device 300 includes a visible light power generation layer 9 including transparent electrodes 2 and 3 and a photoelectric conversion element 4, a connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a, and a reflective film 6. , 7, and the circulating water 8 circulates in the connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5 a.

  In this solar power generation device 300, the connection type transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a is disposed to be inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction, and the water storage tank 19 is disposed at the upper end portion thereof. The cold water 17 in the water storage tank 19 is natural convection, passes through the connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a, and moves to its lower end.

  The cold water 17 inside the connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a rises in temperature due to solar energy, becomes hot water 18, and moves to a water storage tank 19 disposed at the upper end of the connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a.

  This solar power generation device 300 can be used as a solar power generation device that can supply both electricity and heat, and the power to circulate the circulating water 8 is unnecessary, so that the energy use efficiency is high. Have.

  Moreover, it is also possible to use a convection generated by an increase in the temperature of the circulating water 8 so that the circulating water 8 from which the thermal energy is recovered circulates naturally. That is, it is the structure which used the light-receiving surface of the natural circulation type solar water heater as the solar power generation device of this invention.

  According to this invention, the energy which circulates the circulating water 8 becomes unnecessary, and the energy which can be supplied comprehensively as a solar system improves.

  Below, the effect of the solar power generation devices 100, 200, and 300 of this embodiment is demonstrated.

  In the solar power generation device 100, the circulating water 8 circulates in the triangular pipe 5 formed so that sunlight can be transmitted through the pipe, with the sunlight receiving surface facing upward and the other surface facing downward. The photoelectric conversion element 4 bonded to the upper surface of the triangular pipe 5 performs a photoelectric conversion process, and the reflective films 6 and 7 bonded to the lower side of the triangular pipe 5 are transmitted through the triangular pipe 5. Light can be reflected toward the photoelectric conversion element 4. As a result, sunlight can be confined in the pipe, photoelectric conversion efficiency due to the light confinement effect can be improved, and thermal energy can be recovered. Therefore, energy conversion efficiency can be improved.

  Moreover, the solar power generation device 100 reflects the sunlight transmitted from the upper surface toward the photoelectric conversion element 4 by reflecting the two inclined reflective films 6 and 7 toward the photoelectric conversion element 4. Sunlight is transmitted a plurality of times. Therefore, energy conversion efficiency can be improved.

  Further, the solar power generation device 100 uses the angle θ (specifically, 48 degrees) formed by the upper surface side of the triangular pipe 5 (the adhesion side of the photoelectric conversion element 4) and the other inclined surfaces to the air of the circulating water 8. By making the angle approximately half of the total reflection critical angle with respect to (θ / 2 = 24 degrees), it can be reflected a plurality of times, and the photovoltaic power generation element can be dropped a plurality of times. Therefore, energy conversion efficiency can be improved.

  Further, in the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 200 of the present embodiment, the triangular pipe 5 includes a water supply port 14 for supplying the circulating water 8 and a drain port 15 for discharging the circulating water 8, and circulating water (not shown). A circulating water control device that circulates water can perform a water supply process on the water supply port 14 and a wastewater process from the drain port 15. Thereby, absorption of heat energy can be performed efficiently by circulating circulating water.

  In the photovoltaic power generation apparatus 300 of the second embodiment, the connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a is arranged with an inclination in the longitudinal direction (circulation direction of circulating water), and the connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a. A water storage tank for storing the circulating water 8 is further provided in the upper part in the longitudinal direction, and the circulating water in the connected transparent acrylic triangular pipe 5a is circulated by natural convection. Thereby, circulation of circulating water 8 can be realized by natural convection, and heat energy can be absorbed efficiently.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Transparent tempered glass, 2 ... Transparent electrode, 3 ... Transparent electrode, 4 ... Photoelectric conversion element, 5 ... Triangular pipe, 5a ... Connection type transparent acrylic triangular pipe, 6 ... Reflective film, 7 ... Reflective film, 8 ... Circulating water, 9 ... Visible light power generation layer, 10 ... Infrared light absorption layer, 14 ... Water supply port, 15 ... Drainage port, 16 ... Water channel, 17 ... Cold water, 18 ... Hot water, 19 ... Water storage tank, 100 ... Solar power generation 200, a solar power generation device, 300 ... a solar power generation device.

Claims (6)

A tube that can circulate circulating water, and is formed so that sunlight can be transmitted through the tube, with the light receiving surface of sunlight facing upward and the other surface facing downward. Pipe and
A photovoltaic power generation element for performing a photoelectric conversion process, which is adhered to the upper surface of the pipe;
A reflective film that is bonded to the other surface of the pipe and that can reflect sunlight transmitted through the pipe toward the solar power generation element;
A solar power generation device comprising:   The photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the photovoltaic power generation element is an organic thin film solar cell or a dye-sensitized solar cell, both sides of which are formed of transparent electrodes.   The pipe is a triangular prism-shaped tube that can circulate circulating water, and among the surfaces forming the triangular prism shape, the sunlight receiving surface is the top surface, and the other two inclined surfaces are facing downward. The solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the solar power generation device is a triangular pipe formed so as to be permeable to the inside of the tube.   Of the angles formed by the upper surface of each of the triangular pipes and the inclined surfaces, at least one angle is formed to be approximately half the total reflection critical angle with respect to the air of the circulating water. The solar power generation device according to claim 3.   The photovoltaic power generation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the pipe includes a water supply port for supplying the circulating water and a drain port for discharging the circulating water. The pipe is arranged with an inclination in the longitudinal direction,
A water storage tank for storing the circulating water is further provided at the upper part in the longitudinal direction of the pipe,
6. The solar power generation device according to claim 1, wherein circulating water in the pipe is circulated by natural convection.

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