JP2011190584A - Curtain wall - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a metal curtain wall, having excellent fire resistance, attaining compatibility between heat insulation and strength, and further preferable in respect of environment as well by restraining the occurrence of dew condensation. <P>SOLUTION: The back of a metal wall plate is provided with a fire resisting and heat insulating layer formed of a cured body of composition containing 4-40 pts.wt. foam organic resin particles, 5-300 pts.wt. inorganic light particles, and 5-800 pts.wt. endothermic material to 100 pts.wt. cement, and a thermal expansion component which foams in the heating state is contained in the fire resisting and heat insulating layer. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a novel curtain wall. The curtain wall of the present invention has excellent performance in fire resistance, heat insulation and the like.

As a metal curtain wall constituting the wall surface of a building, a metal wall plate such as aluminum, stainless steel or iron is used as a base material.
As a technique for improving the fire resistance of such a metal curtain wall, a technique in which a spray rock wool layer is provided on the back surface of a metal wall plate is known. Such a spray rock wool layer is mainly composed of cement and rock wool.

In order to improve the heat insulation of the spray rock wool layer, it is necessary to set a high ratio of rock wool to cement. However, when the ratio of rock wool is increased, there is a problem that the strength is reduced.
In the spray rock wool layer having such a reduced strength, when an external force such as impact or vibration is applied, the layer is likely to be peeled off or dropped off. That is, in the spray rock wool layer, it is difficult to achieve both heat insulation and strength.

  Further, the spray rock wool layer has a property of easily absorbing moisture and easily causing condensation. Due to such properties, in the spray rock wool layer, the strength of the layer itself is lowered, and resistance to external forces such as impact and vibration may be insufficient. In addition, the adhesive strength at the interface between the spray rock wool layer and the metal wall plate is lowered, and there is a risk of causing the layer to fall off. In addition, heat insulation may be reduced due to moisture absorption. The problem caused by such moisture becomes more obvious as the ratio of rock wool to cement increases.

Patent Document 1 (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 3-1113013) describes a panel in which a fireproof coating material made of an inorganic fiber felt such as a rock wool felt layer or a ceramic fiber felt layer is provided on the back side of a metal wall plate for a curtain wall. ing. The publication is intended to improve the drawbacks of spray rock wool.
However, in the panel of the above publication, inorganic fibers may be scattered, which is not so preferable in terms of the environment. Further, the panel of the above publication may not sufficiently suppress the occurrence of condensation.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No.3-113013

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and is excellent in fire resistance, can achieve both heat insulation and strength, further suppresses the occurrence of condensation, and is suitable for the environment. The purpose is to obtain a wall.

  In order to solve such problems, the present inventors have intensively studied and conceived a curtain wall provided with a fireproof heat insulating layer made of a hardened body having a specific composition on the back surface of a metal wall plate, and completed the present invention. I arrived.

That is, the present invention has the following characteristics.
1. On the back of the metal wall plate
A refractory heat insulating layer made of a cured product of a composition containing 4 to 40 parts by weight of foamed organic resin particles, 5 to 300 parts by weight of inorganic light-weight particles, and 5 to 800 parts by weight of an endothermic substance is provided for 100 parts by weight of cement. A curtain wall characterized in that the refractory heat insulating layer contains a thermally expandable component.
2. 1. A foamable coating layer that foams when heated is provided on the front and / or back of the metal wall plate. The curtain wall described.
3. 1. An inorganic thin layer having a thickness of 0.05 to 1 mm is provided on the back side of the refractory heat insulating layer. Or 2. The curtain wall described.

  The metal curtain wall of the present invention can exhibit excellent performance in fire resistance, heat insulation and strength, and can sufficiently suppress the occurrence of condensation. The metal curtain wall of the present invention is not mainly composed of fibers such as rock wool, but is also suitable for environmental aspects.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  In the curtain wall of the present invention, a fireproof heat insulating layer made of a cured product of a composition containing cement, foamed organic resin particles, inorganic light-weight particles, and an endothermic substance as essential components is provided on the back surface of the metal wall plate.

  Of the components constituting the fireproof heat insulating layer, cement acts as a binder. Examples of cement include ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, ultra-early-strength Portland cement, moderately hot Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement, white Portland cement, and other portland cements, as well as alumina cement, ultrafast cement, and expanded Cement, acid phosphate cement, silica cement, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, keens cement and the like can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, Portland cement is preferable. More specifically, at least one of ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, ultra-early strong Portland cement, moderately hot Portland cement, sulfate-resistant Portland cement and white Portland cement is preferable.

As the foamed organic resin particles, those obtained by foaming an organic resin in a granular form, or those obtained by foaming an organic resin and then crushed into a granular form can be used. These have only to have pores in individual particles.
Examples of the foamed organic resin particles include known foamed organic resins such as foamed polystyrene, foamed polyurethane, foamed phenol, foamed polyethylene, foamed polypropylene, and foamed polyvinyl chloride, and one or more of these can be used. In the present invention, expanded polystyrene particles are particularly suitable.
The average particle diameter of the foamed organic resin particles is usually about 1 to 10 mm. Further, the bulk density of the foamed organic resin granular material is usually 0.08 g / cm ³ or less, preferably 0.03 g / cm ³ or less, more preferably 0.015 g / cm ³ or less.

  In the present invention, sufficient physical properties in fire resistance can be obtained by using the above-mentioned foamed organic resin particles that have been subjected to a flame-retarding treatment. As a method of such a flame retardant treatment, there are (1) a method of flame retardant treatment during the production of foamed organic resin particles, and (2) a method of flame retardant treatment after production of the foamed organic resin particles.

  Examples of the method for flame retardant treatment during the production of the foamed organic resin particles (1) include a method of adding a flame retardant. In this case, the flame retardant is added as a method of adding an organic resin during polymerization, for example, at the initial stage of suspension polymerization, or when a certain degree of polymerization conversion is reached. Examples include a method of adding a flame retardant, a method of adding a flame retardant at the time of extrusion, and the like.

Moreover, in said (1), the organic resin composition excellent in a flame retardance can be used, and an expanded organic resin particle can also be manufactured. For example, polyol, 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and isocyanurate foam using a catalyst that nucleates the isocyanate moiety, and modified phenol foam using a resin in which a flame-retardant phenol resin is bound to the polyol. And foams using an organic resin obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing halogen. As said polyol, it is preferable to use especially what is chosen from aromatic polyester polyol and aromatic polyether polyol (Mannich modified polyether polyol etc.).
In the case of using such an organic resin excellent in flame retardancy, a flame retardant can be further added.

Examples of the flame retardant include tricresyl phosphate, diphenyl cresyl phosphate, diphenyl octyl phosphate, tri (β-chloroethyl) phosphate, tributyl phosphate, tri (dichloropropyl) phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate Organic phosphorus such as (dibromopropyl) phosphate, chlorophosphonate, bromophosphonate, diethyl-N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) aminomethyl phosphate, di (polyoxyethylene) hydroxymethyl phosphonate Compounds: Chlorinated polyphenyl, chlorinated polyethylene, diphenyl chloride, triphenyl chloride, pentachloride fatty acid ester, perchloropentacyclodecane, chlorinated naphthalene, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, etc. Bromine compounds such as tetrabromobisphenol A, decabromodiphenyl oxide, hexabromocyclododecane, tribromophenol, ethylenebistetrabromophthalimide, ethylenebispentabromodiphenyl: antimony compounds such as antimony trioxide and antimony pentachloride; Examples include phosphorus compounds such as phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium polyphosphate; inorganic compounds such as zinc borate, sodium borate, and aluminum hydroxide.

  Examples of the method for flame-retardant treatment after the production of the foamed organic resin particles (2) include flame retardants, alkoxysilane compounds, silicate compounds and the like (collectively referred to as “flame retardants”). Examples include a method of coating or adsorbing particles. Moreover, these flame retardant agents can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

As the flame retardant, those similar to the above (1) can be used.
The alkoxysilane compound is not limited. For example, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, ethyltrimethoxysilane, ethyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, diethyl Dimethoxysilane, diethyldiethoxysilane, etc. can be used.

Moreover, as said silicate compound, commercially available water glass etc. can also be used besides sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, ammonium silicate, etc., for example.

The flame retardant treatment may be dissolved or dispersed in water or other suitable solvent as necessary, and the solution or dispersion may be coated on the foamed organic resin by a method such as coating or adsorption. A binder such as an acrylic resin can be appropriately blended in the solution or dispersion. After the treatment with the above solution or dispersion, it may be dried or heat treated as necessary. The usage-amount of a flame-retardant processing agent can be suitably determined according to a desired flame retardance, the kind of the said foaming organic resin, etc.

  The ratio of the foamed organic resin particles is usually 4 to 40 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 35 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. When the amount of the foamed organic resin particles is too small, the heat insulating property, the dew condensation preventing property and the like are insufficient. When there are too many foamed organic resin particles, it becomes difficult to obtain sufficient physical properties in terms of fire resistance, strength, and the like.

  Inorganic light-weight particles are inorganic materials having pores in individual particles. Examples of such inorganic light-weight particles include perlite, expanded shale, vermiculite, expanded vermiculite, pumice, and shirasu balloon, and one or more of these can be used. The average particle diameter of the inorganic lightweight particles is usually about 0.1 to 5 mm.

  The ratio of the inorganic lightweight particles is usually 5 to 300 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 250 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. When there are too few inorganic light-weight particles, it becomes difficult to obtain sufficient physical properties in terms of fire resistance, heat insulation, anti-condensation and the like. When there are too many inorganic lightweight particles, it becomes disadvantageous in terms of strength and the like.

The endothermic substance is a metal compound that releases water when heated. Such an endothermic substance generates water vapor during heating, and contributes to improvement of fire resistance performance by its endothermic action.
Examples of such endothermic substances include:
Metal hydroxides such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, scandium hydroxide;
Metal borates such as borax (sodium tetraborate), disodium octaborate, zinc borate;
Zeolite, halloysite, allophane, ettringite and the like can be mentioned, and one or more of these can be used. As the endothermic substance, a metal hydroxide is particularly suitable.

  The ratio of the endothermic substance is usually 5 to 800 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 600 parts by weight, and more preferably 20 to 300 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. When there is too little endothermic substance, fire resistance etc. become inadequate. When there are too many endothermic substances, it becomes difficult to obtain sufficient physical properties in terms of heat insulation and strength.

  In this invention, in order to make a fire-resistant heat insulation layer contain a thermally expansible component, in addition to the said component, a thermally expansible component can be used as a component in the composition which comprises a fire-resistant heat insulating layer. By including such a thermally expansible component, it becomes possible to improve the performance of a fireproof heat insulation layer. The mechanism of action is not clear, but the expansion of the thermally expansible component during heating blocks the communication holes present in the refractory heat insulation layer, contributing to a decrease in the thermal conductivity of the refractory heat insulation layer. Presumed to be. In addition, neither the said foamed organic resin particle nor the said inorganic lightweight particle has thermal expansibility, and is different from a thermal expansible component in this point.

  As the thermally expandable component, a material that can be expanded by heating such as a fire can be used. Such a thermally expansible component should just be a thing which can be preferably foamed at about 100-1000 degreeC. Examples of the thermally expandable component include thermally expandable graphite, unexpanded vermiculite, unexpanded perlite, ammonium polyphosphate, and water glass. In the present invention, a mixture of a foaming agent, a resin and the like can also be used as a thermal expansion component.

  The ratio of the thermally expandable component is preferably 1 to 500 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. With such a mixing ratio, it is possible to obtain a sufficient effect in improving the performance of the refractory heat insulating layer.

In the present invention, it is preferable to contain a water-soluble metal salt in addition to the above components. The water-soluble metal salt is preferably one that dissolves in water to produce a metal ion, and more preferably one that produces a divalent or higher polyvalent metal ion. Such a water-soluble metal salt facilitates the formation of an inorganic thin layer by interaction with a water-soluble polymer compound described later.
As such a water-soluble metal salt, for example,
Metal sulfates such as ammonium aluminum sulfate, sodium aluminum sulfate, aluminum sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate, iron sulfate, potassium iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate, nickel sulfate, zinc sulfate, beryllium sulfate, zirconium sulfate;
Metal phosphates such as aluminum phosphate, cobalt phosphate, magnesium phosphate, magnesium ammonium phosphate, magnesium hydrogen phosphate, zinc phosphate, zinc dihydrogen phosphate;
Metal nitrates such as aluminum nitrate, zinc nitrate, calcium nitrate, cobalt nitrate, bismuth nitrate, zirconium nitrate, cerium nitrate, iron nitrate, iron nitrate, nickel nitrate, magnesium nitrate;
Metal acetates such as zinc acetate and cobalt acetate;
Metal chloride salts such as calcium chloride, aluminum chloride, cobalt chloride, iron chloride,
And one or more of these can be used.

  As said water-soluble metal salt, what dissolve | melts in water especially and produces | generates an aluminum salt is preferable, and aluminum sulfate is especially preferable.

  The ratio of the water-soluble metal salt is usually 0.5 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 25 parts by weight, and more preferably 2 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. If it is this range, an inorganic thin layer will be efficiently formed by interaction with the below-mentioned water-soluble polymer compound, and fireproofness can be improved.

In the present invention, it is preferable to contain a water-soluble polymer compound in addition to the above components. By including the water-soluble polymer compound, an inorganic thin layer is easily formed.
As such a water-soluble polymer compound, for example,
Examples include polyvinyl alcohol, poly (meth) acrylic acid, polyalkylene oxide, biogum, galactomannan derivatives, alginic acid and derivatives thereof, gelatin, casein and albumen, derivatives thereof, and cellulose derivatives. The water-soluble polymer compound is more preferably a high-viscosity product. Specifically, the viscosity of a 1% aqueous solution of the water-soluble polymer compound (value measured at 20 ° C. using a B-type viscometer is shown below). ) Is usually 8000 mPa · s or more, preferably 10,000 mPa · s or more, more preferably 12000 mPa · s or more.

  The ratio of the water-soluble polymer compound is usually 0.5 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 0.8 to 15 parts by weight, and more preferably 1 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. If it is this range, an inorganic thin layer will be efficiently formed by interaction with water-soluble metal salt, and fireproofness can be improved.

  In the present invention, when a water-soluble metal salt and a water-soluble polymer compound are used in combination, an inorganic thin layer can be efficiently formed on the back side of the refractory heat insulating layer when the composition of the present invention is cured. And fire resistance can be improved. The action mechanism is not clear, but it is presumed that the water retention improvement effect by both components contributes.

  The inorganic thin layer is derived from the cement component and includes at least a Ca component and a Si component. The inorganic thin layer is formed by solidifying a cement component dispersed or dissolved in water in the surface layer on the back side of the refractory heat insulating layer in the curing stage of the refractory heat insulating layer. The thickness of the inorganic thin layer is preferably 0.05 to 1 mm, more preferably 0.08 to 0.5 mm, and still more preferably 0.1 to 0.4 mm.

  In the curtain wall of the present invention, a refractory heat insulating layer made of a cured product of the composition containing the above components as essential components is provided on the back surface of the metal wall plate. This refractory heat insulating layer can be obtained by curing a composition containing each of the above components, which is appropriately kneaded by adding water or the like. Under the present circumstances, the said composition may contain a thickener, surfactant, a flame retardant, a water reducing agent, an antifoamer, resin, a fiber, etc. as needed.

  The ratio of water is usually 200 to 1200 parts by weight, more preferably 400 to 1000 parts by weight, and still more preferably 500 to 800 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement. By adding water in this range, an inorganic thin layer can be efficiently formed on the fireproof heat insulating layer.

As a metal wall board, what processed the metal plate which consists of metals, such as aluminum, stainless steel, and iron, in the predetermined shape can be used.
The fireproof heat insulating layer can be formed by spraying the composition on the back surface of the metal wall plate, applying the composition by various means such as troweling, and curing. Application and curing of the composition may be performed before or after the metal wall plate is installed in the building. Moreover, a fireproof heat insulation layer can also be provided through various undercoat layers.
The thickness of the refractory heat insulating layer is usually 5 to 100 mm, preferably 10 to 50 mm. If it is this range, the performance excellent in fire resistance, heat insulation, etc. can be exhibited.

In order to make the fire-resistant heat insulating layer contain a heat-expandable component, in the present invention, means for allowing the heat-expandable component to penetrate into the formed fire-resistant heat-insulating layer can be employed. In this case, the said composition which comprises a fireproof heat insulation layer may not contain a thermally expansible component.
When the heat-expandable component is infiltrated into the refractory heat insulating layer, a treatment liquid obtained by dispersing or dissolving the heat-expandable component in a medium such as water or an organic solvent can be used. As the thermally expandable component, the same ones as described above can be used. Such a treatment liquid may be appropriately adjusted in concentration, viscosity, surface tension and the like so that it can penetrate into the cured refractory heat insulation layer. Further, the treatment liquid may contain a binder, a flame retardant, and the like.

In the present invention, a foamable coating layer that foams when heated (hereinafter simply referred to as “foamable coating layer”) can be provided on the front and / or back of the metal wall plate. In the present invention, by providing such a foamable coating layer, fire resistance, heat insulation and the like can be enhanced. The thickness of the foamable coating layer is preferably about 0.2 to 5 mm.
The foamable coating layer only needs to be foamable by heating such as fire, and can be formed by, for example, a known foamable fireproof paint or foamable fireproof sheet. Such a foamable coating layer may be any layer that can foam at about 100 to 500 ° C.

When the foamable coating layer is provided on the surface of the metal wall plate, the foamable coating layer may be provided directly on the front side of the metal wall plate, or may be provided via an undercoat layer, an adhesive layer, or the like as necessary.
Further, a decorative layer or the like can be further provided on the front side of the foamable coating layer. That is, a metal wall board, a foamable coating layer, and a decorative layer can be laminated | stacked in order toward the front side. As the decorative layer, those expressing various colors and surface patterns can be used. The effect of the present invention can be enhanced by imparting light reflectivity to the decorative layer.

When the foamable coating layer is provided on the back surface of the metal wall plate, the foamable coating layer can be provided between the metal wall plate and the fireproof heat insulating layer or on the back surface side of the fireproof heat insulating layer. In the present invention, a foamable coating layer can be provided on both of them.
By providing the foamable coating layer between the metal wall plate and the fireproof heat insulating layer, the metal wall plate, the foamable coating layer, and the fireproof heat insulating layer are sequentially laminated on the back surface side of the metal wall plate.
Moreover, a metal wall board, a fireproof heat insulation layer, and a foamable film layer are laminated | stacked in order on the back surface side of a metal wall board by providing a foamable film layer in the back surface side of a fireproof heat insulation layer. When it has an inorganic thin layer, it becomes a form where the metal wall board, the fireproof heat insulation layer, the inorganic thin layer, and the foamable coating layer were laminated | stacked in order.
An undercoat layer, an adhesive layer, and the like can be provided between the foamable coating layer and other layers as necessary.

  Examples are given below to clarify the features of the present invention.

The following were used as raw materials.
・ Cement: Portland cement, bulk specific gravity 1.2
-Foamed organic resin particles A: Styrofoam particles, average particle diameter 3 mm, bulk specific gravity 0.014
-Foamed organic resin particles B: a mixture of a lithium silicate solution and an acrylic styrene emulsion with respect to 100 parts by weight of the foamed organic resin particles A (lithium silicate solution (solid content 23 wt%): acrylic styrene emulsion (solid content 50 wt%) = 9: 1 (weight ratio)) 60 parts by weight added and mixed, then dried at 50 ° C. for 24 hours. Inorganic lightweight particles: granite, average particle diameter of 1 mm, bulk specific gravity of 0.12.
Endothermic substance: Aluminum hydroxide, bulk specific gravity 1.2
Thermally expandable component: ammonium polyphosphate, water-soluble metal salt: aluminum sulfate, water-soluble polymer compound: methylcellulose (1% aqueous solution has a viscosity of 15000 mPa · s)

Example 1
A composition in which 21 parts by weight of foamed organic resin particles A, 140 parts by weight of inorganic light-weight particles, 9 parts by weight of an endothermic substance, 5 parts by weight of a heat-expandable component, and 5 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer compound are uniformly mixed with 100 parts by weight of cement. 610 parts by weight of water was added to the product and kneaded.
The kneaded material was cured at room temperature, cut into a length of 8 cm, a width of 14 cm, and a thickness of 4 cm, and the density and thermal conductivity of the cured product were measured. The thermal conductivity was measured using a thermal conductivity meter “Kemthrm QTM-D3” (manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry).

Furthermore, the kneaded material was applied to the back surface of the iron metal wall plate so that the dry thickness was 35 mm, to prepare a test body, and the following tests were carried out.
(Heating test A)
A heater at 600 ° C. was installed on the surface side (metal wall plate side) of the test body and heated for 10 minutes, and then the back surface temperature of the test body was measured. The test results are shown in Table 1. The evaluation criteria are as follows.
A: Back surface temperature 200 ° C. or lower B: Back surface temperature 200 ° C. or higher and lower than 250 ° C. C: Back surface temperature 250 ° C. or higher and lower than 300 ° C. D: Back surface temperature 300 ° C. or higher and lower than 350 ° C. E: Back surface temperature 350 ° C. or higher.

(Examples 2 to 15 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3)
A cured body and a test body were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 with the formulations shown in Tables 1 and 2, and the same test was performed. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Furthermore, the heating test B was done about Examples 2-4 and 6-8.
(Heating test B)
The total calorific value after irradiation of 50 kW / m ² of radiant heat for 20 minutes was measured with a radiant electric heater on the back side (cured body side) of the test body. The results are shown in Table 3.

Claims (3)

On the back of the metal wall plate
A refractory heat insulating layer made of a cured product of a composition containing 4 to 40 parts by weight of foamed organic resin particles, 5 to 300 parts by weight of inorganic light-weight particles, and 5 to 800 parts by weight of an endothermic substance is provided for 100 parts by weight of cement. And
The curtain wall characterized in that the fireproof heat insulating layer contains a thermally expandable component.   2. The curtain wall according to claim 1, wherein a foamable coating layer that foams when heated is provided on a front surface and / or a back surface of the metal wall plate.   The curtain wall according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an inorganic thin layer having a thickness of 0.05 to 1 mm is provided on the back side of the fireproof heat insulating layer.