JP2011188263A - Network system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve current problems of the Internet. <P>SOLUTION: A network system 1 includes a terminal 2 of a subscriber; an aggregation network 3 for connecting the terminal 2 to a cloud router 5; and a service cloud 4, in which routers are concentrically arranged and which includes the cloud router 5 and a service provision server 6. The aggregation network 3 multiplexes data from the subscriber or a group of subscribers (subscriber, and the like) to be connected to the cloud router 5. The cloud router 5 performs routing of data, allocates the data to a communication resource corresponding to the subscriber, or the like, of a destination to be output to the aggregation network 3. The aggregation network 3 distributes the data to the subscriber or the like of a destination. Thereby, a delay time can be very much reduced, the total facility scale of the routers can be reduced, the scale of router capacity can be increased, and energy efficiency can be fundamentally improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a network system.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the current network configuration of the Internet.
As shown in this figure, in the current Internet, a plurality of autonomous systems (ASs) in which various terminal devices of users and server devices such as a data center and ISP (Internet Services Provider) are connected to each other are connected to each other. Network configuration. Each AS has a plurality of routers connected to each other.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the distribution of the number of hops of the Internet in North America in June 1998. As shown in this figure, the average hop count of the Internet is a large value of 17.
According to Non-Patent Document 1 (2009 White Paper on Information and Communication), the average traffic of broadband subscribers is 30 kbps (average upload traffic of about 30 million subscribers: 23 kbps, average download traffic: 33 kbps).
In addition, according to Non-Patent Document 2 (NICT “Vision and Technology Requirements for New Generation Network: February 2009”), broadband traffic increased by 1.4 times per year, and ICT (Information and Communication Technology: Information and Communication Technology in 2012) Communication technology) Power consumption is estimated to be 57 billion kWh, and router + LAN switch is expected to account for 21%.
According to Non-Patent Document 3, the power consumption P of the router is proportional to the 2/3 power of the switching capacity C (P = C ^2/3 ).

Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Information and Communication White Paper 2009 Edition, July 2009, Internet <URL: http://www.soumu.go.jp/johotsusintokei/whitepaper/ja/h21/pdf/index.html> New Generation Network Research and Development Strategy Headquarters, “New Vision Network Vision and Technical Requirements”, February 2009, Internet <http://nwgn.nict.go.jp/report/NWGN- Vision-NICT-Report-V2-2009.pdf> Rodney S. Tucker, “Optical Packet-Switched WDM Networks: a Cost and Energy Perspective”, OMG1, OFC / NFOFC 2008, March 2008.

The above-described current Internet network has the following problems (1) to (4).
(1) Redundant network configuration and delay problem Since the current Internet network is a network in which autonomous systems (AS) are cluster-connected, when viewed as one IP packet switch, it is redundant as a one-to-one connection switch It has a configuration.
In addition, since the number of hops is large, data transfer delay and jitter are large, which causes problems such as sound quality degradation, image degradation, conversation response delay, and the like in VoIP and telephone conferences. This is supported by the fact that the packet switching delay time and the packet switching time jitter of each router are added by the average number of hops as shown in FIG.
Furthermore, each router can hardly utilize the switching capacity of the IP packet. This is supported by the fact that the average traffic of broadband subscribers is 30 kbps as described above, in other words, the amount of traffic that can be handled by centrally arranging routers of about several Tbps in Japan.
In addition, there are ASs for which the network design technology of the autonomous system (AS) varies, and the optimization design in the AS network has not been achieved. Even if the inside of the AS network can be optimally designed, there is a problem that the overall network design is not optimal because of the cluster connection.

(2) Delay in response to ecology (reduction of power consumption) In an environment where cloud computing is rapidly expanding and power consumption of communication devices is rapidly increasing, energy saving and scalable innovation by drastically reducing power consumption in the entire network Construction of a realistic network is required.
However, the current IP network is always operated on a scale designed for facilities, and does not have a network configuration that can reduce power consumption in response to a decrease in traffic volume.
As described above, the ICT power consumption forecast for 2012 is 57 billion kWh, and it is predicted that 21% of the total will be occupied by routers + LAN switches. Therefore, reducing the power consumption of communication networks is an important ecological issue.

(3) There is a case where the service seen from the subscriber is restricted. Since the autonomous system (AS) is operated independently, it is difficult to prepare functional versions of routers / switches when considering end-to-end skewering. There is a problem that a case where the service is restricted to the service of the old version occurs.

(4) Complex provision and management of Internet connection environment Subscriber data management such as firewall and IP address management is complicated. In addition, there is a demand for improving the usability of the Internet from the user's point of view, including a plug-in start similar to AC100V outlets.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned various problems of the current Internet, and to provide a network system that has very high energy efficiency and extremely low delay time.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a network system capable of unifying and uniformizing services provided to subscribers.

In order to achieve the above object, in the network system of the present invention, communication resources are allocated in units of groups (hereinafter referred to as “subscriber terminal devices”) composed of subscriber terminal devices or multiple subscriber terminal devices. And collecting data transmitted from the subscriber terminal device or the like using communication resources assigned to the subscriber terminal device or the like and connecting the data to the cloud router, and transmitting the data transmitted from the cloud router. Aggregation network distributed to the destination subscriber terminal device and the like, and data transmitted from the subscriber terminal device received via the aggregation network by a centrally arranged router, the subscriber terminal of the data destination A cloud router that switches the communication resources assigned to devices Those having a service cloud that.
Further, the service cloud is provided with a service providing server that is connected to the cloud router and provides a network service.
Further, the aggregation network is provided with a data plane control device for allocating communication resources in response to a communication band request from the subscriber terminal device or the like or a communication band to the subscriber terminal device or the like. .
Further, the cloud router is a single virtual router configured by interconnecting a plurality of routers, and each router constituting the virtual router is configured by a plurality of sub-virtual routers operable as independent routers. It is a power-scalable router that can control the power consumption of the cloud router in response to traffic by dynamically changing the data switching capacity in response to fluctuations and turning off the power of unnecessary portions.

Furthermore, the aggregation network allocates an optical resource that is a wavelength, an optical slot, or a combination thereof in response to a communication band request from the subscriber terminal device or the communication band to the subscriber terminal device or the like. The data from the subscriber terminal device etc. is transparently multiplexed with the optical signal on the optical resource and connected to the cloud router, and the data sent from the cloud router is transmitted to the optical signal on the optical resource. As it is transparently separated and delivered to the destination subscriber terminal, etc., the STM payload is allocated corresponding to the communication bandwidth request from the subscriber terminal, etc., or the communication bandwidth to the subscriber terminal, etc. The payload from the subscriber terminal device etc. is multiplexed and connected to the cloud router. Separate the payload sent from the cloud router and deliver it to a destination subscriber terminal device or the like, or a communication bandwidth request from the subscriber terminal device or the communication bandwidth to the subscriber terminal device or the like Correspondingly assigning an MPLS path, the MPLS path from the subscriber terminal device or the like is multiplexed and connected to the cloud router, and the MPLS path of the data sent from the cloud router is separated to join the destination. It is supposed to be delivered to a person terminal device or the like.
Furthermore, a cross-connect device is installed between the aggregation network and the cloud router, and the cross-connect device is connected to the cloud router through a transmission line whose communication resource accommodation efficiency has been increased. The power supply of the line interface unit is turned off.

According to such a network system of the present invention, the total equipment scale (total size of routers) can be obtained by centrally deploying routers in a service cloud by using a network architecture composed of a service cloud and an aggregation network that is not an extension of the current Internet network. Switching capacity) can be innovatively reduced, and the router capacity can be increased to greatly reduce power consumption (for example, when the total capacity is 1 Tbps, the power consumption of 1 Gbps router x 1000 units is approximately 100 kW, 1 Tbps router x The power consumption of one unit is 10 kW and the power consumption is about 1/10), and it is possible to construct a network system with drastically improved energy efficiency and extremely low delay time.
In addition, the router functions distributed in a plane on the current Internet network are centrally arranged in the cloud router in the service cloud, and the subscriber and the cloud router are composed of subscriber terminal devices or multiple subscriber terminal devices. By assigning packets to communication resources of the aggregation network in units of groups, and configuring these aggregation networks to multiplex these resources in the upstream direction and separate in the downstream direction, the network configuration is simplified and power consumption is drastically reduced. Thus, it is possible to realize a one-hop network system with very little delay time.
Furthermore, by changing the switching capacity of the cloud router according to the traffic volume, it is possible to reduce the power consumption by turning off the unused portion of the power corresponding to the switching capacity to achieve a power scalable router configuration. .
Furthermore, it is possible to unify and uniformize services provided to subscribers by centrally managing functions such as routers / switches and the like using cloud routers and software version numbers.
Furthermore, by providing a service providing server that provides service functions (IP address issue, DNS, subscriber data management, firewall, VPN, wide area Ethernet, etc.) required by the subscriber in the service cloud, Plug-in service can be provided.

It is a figure which shows the structure of one Embodiment of the network system of this invention. It is a figure which shows one structural example of a cloud router. It is a figure for demonstrating the structure which makes the switching capacity | capacitance of a cloud router variable. It is a figure which shows the image of the relationship between the number of active routers, the amount of traffic, the number of active routers, and power consumption. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the aggregation network using an optical resource. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the optical aggregation network which used slot multiplexing / separation and wavelength multiplexing / separation in series. It is a figure which shows the structure of one Embodiment of the optical aggregation network which combined wavelength multiplexing / separation and slot multiplexing / separation combined use in series and parallel. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the optical aggregation network which used bit multiplexing / separation and wavelength multiplexing / separation in parallel. It is a figure which shows the structural example of an STM-based aggregation network. It is a figure which shows the structural example of an MPLS-based aggregation network. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the cloud router which measured the reduction of power consumption further using the cross-connect apparatus. It is a figure which shows the network structure of the present internet. It is a figure which shows distribution of the hop number in the present internet.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a network system of the present invention.
As shown in this figure, the network system 1 of the present invention is an aggregation that is a subscriber terminal device 2 that receives or provides a service, and a multiplexing / separation network that connects the subscriber terminal device 2 and the cloud router 5. The network 3 includes a cloud router 5 in which routers are centrally arranged and a service cloud 4 having a service providing server 6.

The communication resources of the aggregation network 3 are allocated to a group unit composed of the subscriber terminal device 2 or the plurality of subscriber terminal devices 2, and the aggregation network 3 is connected to the subscriber terminal device 2 or the plurality of subscriber terminal devices 2. The data input from the configured group is multiplexed as it is and connected to the cloud router 5. The cloud router 5 determines the destination of the received data, and switches the data to the communication resource assigned to the group unit composed of the destination subscriber terminal device 2 or the plurality of subscriber terminal devices 2. The aggregation network 3 receives the data switched by the cloud router 5, separates it, and delivers it to a group unit composed of the destination subscriber terminal device 2 or the plurality of subscriber terminal devices 2.
Here, the type of data is not limited to the IP packet, and is not limited to the type of data transmitted and received by the subscriber terminal device 2.

The aggregation network 3 transmits data from a data plane (subscriber terminal device 2 or a group composed of a plurality of subscriber terminal devices 2 to the cloud router 5, and transmits data from the cloud router 5 to the subscriber terminal device. 2) a data transmission / reception data to be sent back to a group composed of two or a plurality of subscriber terminal devices 2), and a communication resource of the data plane is managed to configure the subscriber terminal device 2 or the plurality of subscriber terminal devices 2. It is composed of a data plane control device for allocating communication resources in response to a communication bandwidth request from a group or a communication bandwidth to a group composed of a subscriber terminal device 2 or a plurality of subscriber terminal devices 2. Dynamic communication in units of groups consisting of terminal devices 2 or multiple subscriber terminal devices 2 Allocate resources.
Note that communication resources may be fixedly allocated in advance for each group composed of the subscriber terminal device 2 or the plurality of subscriber terminal devices 2.

  The cloud router 5 is a centralized arrangement of router functions distributed in a plane on the current Internet network. As will be described later, the switching capacity of the cloud router 5 can be changed according to the traffic volume (communication volume). In FIG. 1, the cloud router 5 is described so that there are a plurality of diameters. This indicates that the router is a power scalable router corresponding to the traffic volume.

The service providing server 6 provides Internet services such as IP address delivery, DNS (Domain Name System), subscriber data management, firewall, VPN (Virtual Private Network), and wide area Ethernet system to the subscriber terminal device 2. And is connected to the cloud router 5.
When the destination of the packet from the subscriber terminal device 2 is for the service providing server 6, the packet is transferred to the service providing server 6 by the cloud router 5. The response packet from the service providing server 6 is input to the cloud router 5 and delivered to the destination subscriber terminal device 2 via the aggregation network 3 in the same manner as described above.

In this way, the subscriber terminal device 2 and the cloud router 5 are connected by the aggregation network 3 that is multiplexed in the upstream direction and separated in the downstream direction, and the switching process is executed only in the cloud router 5. By simplifying the above and centrally arranging routers, it is possible to drastically reduce power consumption and to realize a network with extremely low delay time that can transmit data to a destination in one hop.
As described above, the average traffic of broadband subscribers in Japan is 30 kbps and the number of subscribers is 30 million. Therefore, if the routers of several Tbps are centrally arranged as the cloud router 5, traffic in Japan can be handled. Is possible.
In addition, by changing the switching capacity of the cloud router 5 according to the traffic volume and turning off the power of the unused portion, it is possible to achieve a power scalable configuration and reduce power consumption.

  Furthermore, the functions of routers / switches and the like by the cloud router 5 and the unified management of the software version number can make the service provided to the subscriber uniform and uniform. In addition, it is possible to unify the function versions of routers / switches, etc. by the unified operation of the cloud router, and the service to end-to-end subscribers is limited to the independent operation of the autonomous system (AS). No cases occur.

  Furthermore, since the cloud router 5 can directly accommodate a subscriber or a group of a plurality of subscribers, various services (IP address issuing, DNS, subscriber data management, firewall, VPN, wide area Ethernet system, etc.) are provided in the service cloud 4. By centrally deploying the service providing server 6 to be provided, various services including a plug-in start service can be provided, and the ease of use equivalent to an AC 100V outlet can be provided.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the cloud router 5.
The cloud router 5 is a single virtual router configured by interconnecting a plurality of routers (physical structural unit is a chassis). In the figure, reference numerals 11 to 14 denote chassis, and each chassis is provided with an input-side line card, a physical router, and an output-side line card.
Each physical router constituting the virtual router can be used as a plurality of (in the illustrated example, four) sub virtual routers (sub VR: sub Virtual Router). Has a separate routing table and operates independently.
In this way, the cloud router 5 has a building block configuration of a virtual router, and a scalable router is configured. As a result, the switching capacity can be changed in response to fluctuations in communication traffic to turn off the power of the unused portion, and power consumption control corresponding to the switching capacity of the router can be performed.
In this example, four physical routers are shown, but the number of physical routers can be a desired number. In addition, although one physical router is divided into four sub VRs, the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of divisions can be arbitrarily determined.

The variable switching capacity of the router will be further described with reference to FIG.
In the illustrated example, physical routers # 1 to #N are provided, and each physical router is provided with an input-side line correspondence unit, a crossbar switch unit, and an output-side line correspondence unit. Here, the line corresponding unit corresponds to the line card in FIG. In such a configuration, the scale of the crossbar switches constituting the complete group is changed in accordance with the traffic volume. In the example of FIG. 3, since the amount of traffic has decreased, the crossbar switch unit 15 of the router # 3 to the crossbar switch unit 16 of the router #N are not used and their power is turned off. Thereby, power consumption can be reduced.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a router-scale building block configuration corresponding to traffic and an image of power consumption. Here, a case where one physical router is divided into four sub virtual routers (sub VRs) is shown.
FIG. 4A is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of active routers and the traffic volume. As shown in this figure, the number of active sub-VRs and the traffic volume that can be processed are proportional, and the operation is performed according to the traffic volume. The number of sub VRs can be changed.
FIG. 4B is a diagram showing the relationship between the number of active sub VRs and power consumption. As shown in this figure, the power consumption increases according to the number of sub-VRs that are operating.
As described above, the power consumption can be reduced by controlling the number of sub-VRs in the cloud router operating corresponding to the traffic volume.

Next, various configuration examples of the aggregation network 3 will be described.
(A) Aggregation Network Configuration Example 1: Optical Resource FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an aggregation network (optical aggregation network) that uses optical resources as communication resources.
In this figure, reference numerals 31 to 39 denote optical transparent multiplexing / demultiplexing apparatuses that transfer optical signals as they are without converting them into electrical signals, and are connected in a tree shape as shown in the figure. Reference numeral 40 denotes an optical data plane control device that manages optical resources of the data plane and requests a communication band from a group of subscriber terminal devices or a plurality of subscriber terminal devices (such as subscriber terminal devices). (Uplink direction) or corresponding to a communication band (downlink direction) to a subscriber terminal device or the like, a process of assigning optical resources to a unit of the subscriber terminal device or the like is performed.

First, the uplink direction in which data output from a subscriber terminal device or the like is connected to the cloud router 5 will be described.
Data from the subscriber terminal is converted into an optical signal on an optical resource (wavelength or optical slot, etc.) directly or via an ONU (Optical Network Unit: optical line terminator on the subscriber's home side). To the optical multiplexer / demultiplexers 31, 32, 33 to 34. Also, a Radio on Fiber signal obtained by converting a radio signal in a mobile communication system or the like into an optical signal on an optical resource while maintaining its format is also output to the lowermost optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 31 to 34 connected thereto. The
The lowermost optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 31 to 34 multiplex and output the input optical signals as they are, and the output signals are input to the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 35 to 36 arranged on the upper stage and multiplexed. And output to an optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device arranged at a higher level. Similarly, the output signal multiplexed in the lower optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device is input to the upper optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device, and the outputs of the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 37 to 38 are the uppermost optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices. Input to the separation device 39. The output signal multiplexed in the uppermost optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 39 is input to the cloud router 5 in the service cloud 4.

  On the other hand, in the downstream direction, the optical signal on the optical resource switched by the cloud router 5 and allocated to the destination subscriber terminal device or the like is input to the uppermost optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 39, where The signals are separated by processing in the reverse direction of the multiplex processing and input to the corresponding next-stage optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 37 to 38. The signals input to the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 37 to 38 are respectively separated in the same manner and output to the corresponding next-stage optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device. Similarly, the signals are output from the upper optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device. The optical signals are separated and input to the corresponding lower optical multiplexer / demultiplexer. Then, the signals are input from the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing apparatuses 35 to 36 arranged in the second stage from the bottom to the corresponding optical multiplexing / demultiplexing apparatuses 31 to 34 arranged in the lowest stage, and are respectively inputted to the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing apparatuses 31 to 34. To the corresponding destination subscriber terminal device.

Here, the optical resources in this optical aggregation network include wavelengths, optical slots, and combinations thereof, and there are various types of specific configuration examples of the optical aggregation network.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration example of an embodiment of an optical aggregation network using (a-1) slot multiplexing / separation and wavelength multiplexing / separation in series.
In this embodiment, different wavelengths are assigned to each sub-access domain, and signals from subscriber terminal devices in each sub-access domain are slot-multiplexed. That is, a frame having a certain time width is divided into a plurality of slots, and the divided slots are allocated to each subscriber terminal device or the like.

In the example shown in the figure, the wavelength λ1 is assigned to the sub-access domain A, the wavelength λ2 is assigned to the sub-access domain B, and the wavelength λn is assigned to the sub-access domain Z.
Then, transmission data from the subscriber A0 belonging to the sub-access domain A is converted into an optical signal in a slot assigned to the subscriber A0 having the wavelength λ1, and is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 61 of the aggregation network 3. Further, transmission data from the subscriber A1 is converted into an optical signal in a slot assigned to the subscriber A1 having the wavelength λ1 and input to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 61. Similarly, transmission data from the subscriber AN is converted into an optical signal in a slot assigned to the subscriber AN having the wavelength λ1 and input to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 61. The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 61 combines the optical signals from the subscribers A0 to AN and outputs the slot-multiplexed optical signal having the wavelength λ1 to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 64.

Further, transmission data from the subscriber B0 belonging to the sub-access domain B is converted into an optical signal in a slot assigned to the subscriber B0 having the wavelength λ2, and is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 62, and the subscribers B1,. ... Transmission data from the subscriber BN is also converted into optical signals in slots corresponding to the wavelength λ 2 and output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 62. Then, an optical signal multiplexed in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 62 and slot-multiplexed with the wavelength λ 2 is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 64.
Similarly, transmission data from the subscribers Z0, Z1,..., ZN belonging to the sub-access domain Z are converted into optical signals in slots corresponding to the respective wavelengths λn and output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 63. Is done. The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 63 combines the optical signals from the subscribers Z0 to ZN and outputs the slot-multiplexed optical signal having the wavelength λn to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 64.

The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 64 is a slot-multiplexed optical signal of wavelength λ1 from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 61, a slot-multiplexed optical signal of wavelength λ2 from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 62,. The optical signal multiplexed with the slot λn from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 63 is multiplexed, and the optical signal multiplexed with the optical signals with wavelengths λ1 to λn is output to the cloud router 5.
The above is the flow of the optical signal in the upstream direction in the aggregation network of this embodiment.

Next, the flow of optical signals in the downstream direction will be described.
The cloud router 5 receives the optical signal output from the aggregation network 3, returns it to an electrical signal, decodes the destination address included in each data, and transmits the data to the sub-access domain to which the destination subscriber belongs. The optical signal of the slot assigned to the subscriber of the wavelength is converted and transmitted to the aggregation network 3. As a result, the data switched in the cloud router 5 is converted into an optical signal of a corresponding slot at a wavelength corresponding to each subscriber as a destination, input to the aggregation network 3, and assigned to each sub-access domain. The optical signals multiplexed in slots λ1 to λn are input to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 64.

The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 64 demultiplexes the slot-multiplexed optical signal with wavelengths λ1 to λn for each wavelength, the optical signal with wavelength λ1 is sent to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 61, and the optical signal with wavelength λ2 is In the same manner, the optical signal having the wavelength λn is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 63.
The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 61 separates the slot-multiplexed optical signal of wavelength λ1 input from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 64 into each slot and transmits it to the subscribers A0-AN assigned to each slot. . Similarly, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 62 demultiplexes the slot-multiplexed optical signal of wavelength λ2 into each slot and transmits it to the subscribers B0 to BN assigned to each slot. The slot-multiplexed optical signal of λn is separated into slots and transmitted to subscribers Z0 to ZN assigned to the slots.
In this way, the data routed by the cloud router 5 is put into the slot assigned to the subscriber of the wavelength λi assigned to the sub-access domain to which the destination subscriber belongs, and thereby the aggregation is performed. They are separated via the network 3 and delivered to their destination subscribers.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an embodiment of an optical aggregation network in which (a-2) wavelength multiplexing / separation and slot multiplexing / separation are combined in series and parallel.
In this embodiment, when there is a transmission request from a subscriber terminal device or the like, the optical data plane control device 40 is requested for a required bandwidth in the upstream direction. Further, in the downstream direction, the optical data plane control device 40 is requested for a communication band for delivering data to a subscriber terminal device or the like. In the optical data plane control device 40, the wavelength and optical slot to be allocated overlap each other for the resource request from each subscriber terminal device in the uplink direction and the communication band to each subscriber terminal device in the downlink direction. The transmission wavelength and the optical slot are determined so that there is no signal, and the resource allocation information including the determined wavelength and optical slot is notified to each of the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 71 to 74. The subscriber terminal device or the like that has received the resource allocation information converts the data into an optical signal having a wavelength and an optical slot designated by the optical data plane control device 40, and transmits the optical signal. A control operation is performed based on the resource allocation information notified from the optical data plane control device 40.

In the example shown in FIG. 7, based on the resource allocation information determined by the optical data plane control device 40, the subscriber A0 transmits an optical signal that continues from time T0 to T1 at the wavelength λ1, and the subscriber A1 has the wavelength λ2. Then, the optical signal from time T0 to T2 is transmitted, and the subscriber AN transmits the optical signal from time T3 to T4 at the wavelength λn, and these optical signals are input to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 71.
In addition, the subscriber B0 transmits an optical signal from the time T5 to T6 at the wavelength λn, the subscriber B1 transmits an optical signal from the time T1 to T7 at the wavelength λ1, and the subscriber BN transmits from the time T6 at the wavelength λn. The optical signals up to T3 are transmitted, and these optical signals are input to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 72.
Similarly, subscriber Z0 transmits an optical signal from time T0 to T5 at wavelength λn, subscriber Z1 transmits an optical signal from time T7 to T4 at wavelength λ1, and subscriber ZN transmits at time T2 at wavelength λ2. To T4 are transmitted, and these optical signals are input to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 73.

The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 71 receives the optical signal from the subscriber A0 from the time T0 to T1 at the wavelength λ1, the optical signal from the subscriber A1 from the time T0 to T2 at the wavelength λ2, and the times T3 to T4 at the wavelength λn. The optical signals from the subscribers AN are multiplexed, and an optical signal in which the wavelengths λ1, λ2 and λn are wavelength-multiplexed is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 74.
Further, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 72 receives the optical signal from the subscriber B1 having the wavelength λ1 from the time T1 to T7, the optical signal from the subscriber B0 having the wavelength λn from the time T5 to T6, and from the time T6 having the wavelength λn. The optical signals from the subscribers BN of T3 are multiplexed, and an optical signal in which the wavelengths λ1 and λn are wavelength-multiplexed is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 74.
Similarly, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 73 transmits the optical signal from the subscriber Z0 having the wavelength λn from the times T0 to T5, the optical signal from the subscriber ZN having the wavelengths λ2 to T4, and the time T7 having the wavelength λ1. To T4, the optical signal from the subscriber Z1 is multiplexed, and an optical signal in which the wavelengths λ1, λ2 and λn are wavelength-multiplexed is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 74.

The optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 74 multiplexes the optical signals in which the wavelengths λ1, λ2, and λn input from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexers 71, 72, and 73 are wavelength-multiplexed. As a result, as shown in the figure, the optical signals arranged so that the optical signals from the subscribers do not overlap at each wavelength are output from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 74 to the cloud router 5.
The above is the flow of the optical signal in the upstream direction.

Next, the flow of the optical signal in the downstream direction will be described.
The data routed by the cloud router 5 is input to the resource location assigned by the optical data plane control device 40 to the destination subscriber terminal device or the like. As a result, the optical signal multiplexed in the downlink optical signal transmitted to the subscriber terminal device or the like at each of the wavelengths λ1, λ2, and λn at the assigned timing is transmitted to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 74. Is input.
In the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 74, the wavelength division multiplexed and time division multiplexed optical signals are input to the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device to which the subscriber terminal belongs, in accordance with the control of the optical data plane control device 40. Distribute. That is, the input optical signal is demultiplexed to each wavelength, and the optical switch for switching and connecting the optical signal of each wavelength to the lower subscriber terminal device or the like based on the resource allocation information from the optical data plane control device 40 is controlled. As a result, the wavelength is distributed to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer to which the subscriber is connected according to the optical slot assigned to the subscriber for each wavelength.

  In the illustrated example, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 74 optically multiplexes / demultiplexes the optical signal from time T0 to T1 with wavelength λ1, the optical signal from time T0 to T2 with wavelength λ2, and the optical signal from time T3 to T4 with wavelength λn. The optical signal from time T1 to T7 having the wavelength λ1, the optical signals from time T5 to T6 and the optical signals from time T6 to T3 having the wavelength λn are output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 72, and the wavelength λ1 is output. Switching is performed so that the optical signal from time T7 to T4, the optical signal from time T2 to T4 at wavelength λ2, and the optical signal from time T0 to T5 at wavelength λn are output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 73.

The optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 71, 72 and 73 demultiplex the optical signal output from the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 74 for each wavelength, and each subscriber is based on the resource allocation information from the optical data plane control device 40. The optical signal of the wavelength or optical slot assigned to is output to each subscriber terminal device or the like.
In other words, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 71 outputs the optical signal of the wavelength λ1 from the time T0 to T1 to the subscriber A0, outputs the optical signal of the wavelength λ2 from the time T0 to T2 to the subscriber A1, and the time of the wavelength λn. Output optical signals from T3 to T4 to the subscriber AN. Further, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 72 outputs the optical signal of the wavelength λn from the time T5 to T6 to the subscriber B0, outputs the optical signal of the wavelength λ1 from the time T1 to T7 to the subscriber B1, and the time of the wavelength λn. The optical signals from T6 to T3 are output to the subscriber BN. Further, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 73 outputs the optical signal of the wavelength λn from the time T0 to T5 to the subscriber Z0, outputs the optical signal of the wavelength λ2 from the time T2 to T4 to the subscriber ZN, and the time of the wavelength λ1. The optical signals from T7 to T4 are output to the subscriber Z1.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an embodiment of an optical aggregation network using (a-3) bit multiplexing / separation and wavelength multiplexing / separation in parallel.
In this embodiment, a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal generated by interleaving a bit string of data from each subscriber terminal device with a wavelength is transmitted at a timing assigned to each subscriber terminal device. ing. This optical signal has a 1-bit width in the illustrated example. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the case where the wavelengths are λ1, λ2, and λn is shown for simplicity.

  As shown in the figure, the subscriber A0 transmits a wavelength division multiplexed optical signal obtained by interleaving a bit string included in data with a plurality of wavelengths at an assigned timing. Similarly, the subscriber A1 and the subscriber AN also transmit optical signals obtained by wavelength-division multiplexing the transmission data at timings assigned to the subscriber A1 and the subscriber AN, respectively. The optical signals transmitted from the subscribers A0 to AN are input to the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 81 and multiplexed, and the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 81 optically combines the optical signals from the subscribers A0 to AN. The signal is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 84.

Similarly, the subscriber B0, the subscriber B1, and the subscriber BN transmit an optical signal obtained by wavelength division multiplexing the transmission signal at a timing assigned to each subscriber. These optical signals are input to the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 82 and multiplexed. From the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 82, an optical signal obtained by multiplexing the optical signals from the subscribers B0 to BN is sent to the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 84. Is output. Here, as shown in the figure, the timing assigned to the subscribers B0 to BN is the timing following the timing assigned to the subscribers A0 to AN.
Similarly, optical signals obtained by wavelength-division multiplexing transmission data from corresponding subscribers are transmitted from the subscribers Z0, Z1 and ZN at the timing assigned to each subscriber. These optical signals are combined in the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 83 and output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 84. Here, the timing allocated to the subscribers Z0 to ZN is a timing subsequent to the timing allocated to the subscribers B0 to BN, as illustrated.

The optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 84 combines the optical signals from the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 81 to 83 and outputs them to the cloud router 5. As described above, since the bit timings assigned to the subscriber A0 to the subscriber AN, the subscriber B0 to the subscriber BN, and the subscriber Z0 to the subscriber ZN do not overlap, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 84 By simply multiplexing, optical signals arranged in the order of data from the subscribers A0 to AN, the subscribers B0 to BN, and the subscribers Z0 to ZN are output from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 84 as shown.
The above is the flow of the optical signal in the upstream direction.

Next, the flow of the optical signal in the downstream direction will be described.
As described above, the data routed in the cloud router 5 is input to the optical resource (in this case, bit timing) assigned to the destination subscriber and input to the aggregation network 3. As a result, an optical signal obtained by multiplexing the optical signals addressed to each subscriber is input to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 84.
The optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 84 switches the downstream optical signal to the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 81, 82, and 83 according to the timing. That is, the optical signal at the timing assigned to the subscribers A0 to AN is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 81, the optical signal at the timing allocated to the subscribers B0 to BN is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 82, The optical signal at the timing assigned to the subscribers Z0 to ZN is output to the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 83.

The optical multiplexing / demultiplexing devices 81, 82 and 83 output the optical signals input from the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 84 to the subscriber terminal devices at timings corresponding to the respective subscriber terminal devices. In addition, switching is performed.
In other words, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 81 performs switching control on the optical signals for the subscribers A0-AN transmitted from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 84 at the timing assigned to the subscribers A0-AN. The wavelength division multiplexed bits for A0 are output to the subscriber A0, the bits for the subscriber A1 are output to the subscriber A1, and the bits for the subscriber AN are output to the subscriber AN.

  Similarly, the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 82 performs switching so that the optical signals for the subscribers B0 to BN transmitted from the optical multiplexer / demultiplexer 84 are output to the corresponding subscribers. The device 83 switches the optical signals for the subscribers Z0 to ZN transmitted from the optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device 84 to the corresponding subscribers.

The embodiment of the aggregation network described in FIGS. 6 to 8 uses an optical resource. Next, an embodiment using an electric signal will be described.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of an (b) STM (Synchronous Transfer Mode) -based aggregation network.

  In the aggregation network according to this embodiment, a functional unit that collects / distributes IP packets on an STM basis, for example, a payload managed in units of a group of subscribers or a group of subscribers managed by an OLT (Optical Line Terminal) or the like. Is connected to the cloud router 5. The cloud router 5 performs routing (distribution) in units of the payload. At this time, the association between the link of the cloud router and the IP address of the subscriber terminal device or the like is performed in units of channelized payloads. Corresponding to the uplink / downlink asymmetric data amount, the communication band is set independently for uplink / downlink in units of channelized payload.

In the example shown in FIG. 9, the transmission signals from the subscriber A group, the subscriber B, and the subscriber C group are multiplexed by the multiplexer 91, and the subscriber D group, the subscriber E group, and the subscriber F group are multiplexed by the multiplexer 92. The transmission signal from is multiplexed. The multiplexed signals from the multiplexers 91 and 92 are further multiplexed by the multiplexer 93 and input to the cloud router 5.
The IP packet routed by the cloud router 5 is arranged in the payload corresponding to the IP address of the destination subscriber terminal device or the like and supplied to the demultiplexer 94. The payload input to the demultiplexer 94 is distributed to the demultiplexers 95 and 96, and further distributed to the respective subscriber terminal devices and the like by the demultiplexers 95 and 96.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of (c) an MPLS (Multi-Protocol Label Switching) -based aggregation network.
As shown in this figure, in the aggregation network of this embodiment, the MPLS path for each group of subscribers or a plurality of subscribers managed by a function unit (such as OLT) that collects and distributes IP packets on an STM basis. The MPLS path is multiplexed, and a plurality of paths are further multiplexed to connect to the cloud router 5. The cloud router 5 performs routing (distribution) in units of the MPLS path. At this time, the link of the cloud router and the IP address of the subscriber terminal device or the like is performed in units of MPLS. In the downlink direction from the cloud router, the reverse operation to the uplink direction is performed, and the bandwidths of the uplink and downlink MPLS paths are set independently according to the traffic.

  In the example shown in FIG. 10, MPLS paths of packets from the subscriber A group, the subscriber B, and the subscriber C group are multiplexed by the MPLS compatible router 101, and the subscriber group D and the subscriber group are multiplexed by the MPLS compatible router 102. The MPLS paths of packets from E and subscriber group F are multiplexed. The multiplexed MPLS paths from the MPLS compatible routers 101 and 102 are further multiplexed by the MPLS compatible router 103 and connected to the cloud router 5. The cloud router 5 performs routing for each MPLS path, and sends the packet to the MPLS path for the destination subscriber terminal device or the like. The MPLS path is distributed by the MPLS-compatible router 104, and further distributed by the MPLS-compatible router 105 or 106, and the packet is transferred to the corresponding subscriber terminal device or the like.

As described with reference to FIG. 3, the cloud router 5 can reduce the power consumption by changing the scale of the crossbar switch corresponding to the traffic volume and turning off the power of the unused crossbar switch section. However, an embodiment capable of further reducing power consumption will be described.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of this embodiment. As is apparent from a comparison between this figure and FIG. 3, in this embodiment, a cross-connect device (XC) 25 is provided on the input side of the cloud router 5 and a cross-connect device (XC) 26 is provided on the output side. Is provided.
By using these cross-connect devices 25 and 25, the lines are aggregated according to the traffic volume, and not only the unused crossbar switch part but also the power of the unused line corresponding part (line card) is shut off. Furthermore, power consumption is reduced.
In the illustrated example, the lines of the router # 3 to the router #N are aggregated, including the line corresponding units 17 and 18 of the router # 3 to the line corresponding units 19 and 20 of the router #N, and the crossbar switch units 15 to 16. Routers # 3 to #N are powered off.

When the aggregation network using the optical resources as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 is used, the optical resources are obtained by the cross-connect devices 25 and 26 installed between the aggregation network 3 and the cloud router 5. The cloud line 5 is connected with a transmission line with increased accommodation efficiency (wavelength, optical slot, or combination of wavelength and optical slot), and the power of the line corresponding part and the crossbar switch part not used in communication is cut off.
When the STM-based aggregation network shown in FIG. 9 is used, the payload of the IP packet is transferred by the cross-connect devices 25 and 26 installed between the aggregation network 3 and the cloud router 5. The line is connected to the cloud router 5 through a transmission line with increased payload accommodation efficiency, and the power of the line corresponding part and the crossbar switch part not used in communication is cut off.
Further, when the MPLS-based aggregation network shown in FIG. 10 is used, the MPLS path accommodation efficiency is improved by the cross-connect devices 25 and 26 installed between the aggregation network 3 and the cloud router 5. The raised transmission line is connected to the cloud router 5 and the power of the line corresponding part and the crossbar switch part not used for communication is turned off.

  As described above, in this embodiment, the cross-connect device (XC) is utilized to increase the usage rate of the optical resource, payload, or MPLS path bandwidth of the input / output line of the cloud router, and the power supply of unnecessary line cards. To reduce power consumption. Furthermore, the use efficiency of the optical resource, payload, or MPLS path band, which is a communication resource, is improved by reducing / expanding the communication band of a subscriber or a group of a plurality of subscribers, thereby reducing power consumption.

  1: Network system 2: Subscriber terminal device 3: Aggregation network 4: Service cloud 5: Cloud router 6: Service providing server 11, 12, 13, 14: Chassis, 15, 16: Crossbar Switch unit, 17-20: Line correspondence unit, 25, 26: Cross-connect device, 31-39: Optical multiplexing / demultiplexing device, 40: Optical data plane control device, 61-64, 71-74, 81-84: Optical Multiplexer / separator, 91-93: multiplexer, 94-96: demultiplexer, 101-106: MPLS-compatible router

Claims (8)

Communication resources are allocated in units of subscriber terminal devices or groups composed of a plurality of subscriber terminal devices (hereinafter referred to as “subscriber terminal devices, etc.”). An aggregation network that concentrates data transmitted using communication resources allocated to the cloud router and connects the data to the cloud router, and distributes the data transmitted from the cloud router to the destination subscriber terminal device and the like;
A cloud router that switches data transmitted from the subscriber terminal device and the like received via the aggregation network by a centrally arranged router to communication resources allocated to the subscriber terminal device or the like that is the destination of the data A network system comprising a service cloud having   The network system according to claim 1, wherein a service providing server connected to the cloud router and providing a network service is provided in the service cloud.   The aggregation network is provided with a data plane control device that allocates communication resources in response to a communication bandwidth request from the subscriber terminal device or the like or a communication bandwidth to the subscriber terminal device or the like. The network system according to claim 1.   The cloud router is a single virtual router configured by interconnecting multiple routers, and each router constituting the virtual router is composed of multiple sub-virtual routers that can operate as independent routers to handle traffic fluctuations. The power-scalable router is capable of controlling the power consumption of the cloud router in response to traffic by dynamically changing the data switching capacity and turning off the power of unnecessary portions. Item 4. The network system according to Item 1.   The aggregation network allocates an optical resource that is a wavelength, an optical slot, or a combination thereof in response to a communication band request from the subscriber terminal device or the communication band to the subscriber terminal device or the like. The data from the subscriber terminal device is transparently multiplexed with the optical signal on the optical resource and connected to the cloud router, and the data transmitted from the cloud router is transparent with the optical signal on the optical resource. 2. The network system according to claim 1, wherein the network system is separated and delivered to a destination subscriber terminal device or the like.   The aggregation network allocates an STM payload corresponding to a communication bandwidth request from the subscriber terminal device or the like or a communication bandwidth to the subscriber terminal device or the like, and a payload from the subscriber terminal device or the like. 2. The network system according to claim 1, wherein said network system is multiplexed and connected to said cloud router, and a payload sent from said cloud router is separated and delivered to a destination subscriber terminal device or the like.   The aggregation network allocates an MPLS path corresponding to a communication band request from the subscriber terminal device or the like, or a communication band to the subscriber terminal device or the like, and an MPLS path from the subscriber terminal device or the like. 2. The network according to claim 1, wherein the network is multiplexed and connected to the cloud router, the MPLS path of the data transmitted from the cloud router is separated and delivered to a destination subscriber terminal device or the like. system.   A cross-connect device is installed between the aggregation network and the cloud router, and the cross-connect device is connected to the cloud router via a transmission line whose communication resource accommodation efficiency has been increased by the cross-connect device. The network system according to claim 4, wherein the power source of the network is turned off.

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