JP2011163192A - Heat pump device and reciprocating compressor for refrigerant - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent deterioration of the volumetric efficiency and deterioration of the capacity of a heat pump device, in a simple construction, with a reciprocating compressor incorporated therein, by reducing the temperature of refrigerant gas discharged from the reciprocating compressor. <P>SOLUTION: The heat pump device 1 includes a heat pump cycle with the reciprocating compressor 3, a condenser 5, an expansion valve 7 and an evaporator 8 interposed in a refrigerant circulating passage 2. In the heat pump device, a refrigerant liquid return flow passage 9 is provided for returning part of the refrigerant liquid condensed by the condenser 5 to the discharge chamber provided in a cylinder upper part assembly of the reciprocating compressor 3, and part of the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the discharge chamber 36 via the refrigerant liquid return flow passage 9 to cool a discharge gas passage with evaporation latent heat of the refrigerant liquid. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention improves the volumetric efficiency of a reciprocating compressor by suppressing the temperature rise of refrigerant gas discharged from a reciprocating compressor incorporated in a heat pump apparatus such as a refrigeration apparatus. This makes it possible to improve the capacity of a heat pump device incorporating a compressor.

  Conventionally, in a reciprocating compressor, an intake gas passage and a discharge gas passage are generally provided in a casing. In a reciprocating compressor incorporated in a heat pump device such as a refrigeration device, the temperature of the suction gas is increased until the high-temperature discharge gas and the low-temperature suction gas exchange heat through the wall surface of the casing and the suction gas is sucked into the cylinder. Will rise. Therefore, the suction gas expands before being sucked into the cylinder, the specific volume increases, and the circulating mass flow rate decreases to a degree that cannot be ignored. Therefore, the volumetric efficiency in the compressor is reduced, and the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating apparatus incorporating the reciprocating compressor or the heating capacity of the heat pump apparatus is decreased.

  In particular, ammonia gas has a relatively large specific heat ratio, so that the discharge temperature is high, and as shown in FIG. 11, the specific volume increases as the temperature rises. When such a heat medium is used, it is necessary to suppress the heating (temperature rise) of the suction gas inside the casing of the compressor as much as possible.

  In Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-18154), in a reciprocating compressor, the temperature in the cylinder chamber during compression is prevented from becoming excessively high, and the problem of deterioration and seizure of lubricating oil is solved. Means for disclosing are disclosed. This means discloses means for cooling the cylinder chamber by providing a cavity around the plurality of cylinder chambers in which the pistons are housed, and introducing a return refrigerant returned from the accumulator as a cooling medium into the cavity. ing. The return refrigerant that has cooled the cylinder chamber is led to the suction chamber through the communication hole.

JP 2000-18154 A

  In the means disclosed in Patent Document 1, a cavity is provided around the cylinder, and the return refrigerant is introduced into the cavity to cool the cylinder. Therefore, since the discharge gas is not cooled, before the suction gas is sucked into the cylinder, the suction gas and the discharge gas exchange heat through the wall surface of the casing, and the temperature of the suction gas before being sucked into the cylinder. The rise cannot be prevented. Therefore, the volumetric efficiency in the compressor is reduced, and the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating apparatus incorporating the reciprocating compressor or the heating capacity of the heat pump apparatus is decreased.

  In addition, since the cavity for introducing the cooling medium is provided around the cylinder chamber, the compressor is increased in size and weight, and the compressor is incorporated to supply a large amount of the cooling medium to the cavity. There is a problem that the capability of the heat pump apparatus such as the refrigeration apparatus is reduced.

In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention reduces the volume efficiency of the reciprocating compressor and reduces the reciprocating compressor by reducing the discharge gas temperature of the reciprocating compressor with a simple configuration. It aims at preventing the capability fall of the incorporated heat pump apparatus.
More specifically, in the reciprocating compressor, the heating of the suction gas inside the compressor is suppressed, the refrigerating capacity (volumetric efficiency) is improved, and the high efficiency using the reciprocating compressor that does not use cooling water is used. It aims at enabling it to provide a heat pump apparatus and a freezing apparatus.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention injects refrigerant liquid (condensate) of a refrigerant cycle into a high-temperature refrigerant gas space (in a discharge chamber or a discharge space immediately after discharge connected to the discharge chamber) on the discharge side of the compressor. And cooling to lower the discharge temperature of the high-temperature refrigerant gas,
More specifically, the heat pump device of the present invention is:
In a heat pump device comprising a heat pump cycle in which a reciprocating compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator are interposed in a refrigerant circuit,
A refrigerant liquid return passage is provided for returning a part of the refrigerant liquid condensed by the condenser to a discharge chamber provided in the cylinder upper assembly of the reciprocating compressor or a discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber,
A part of the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space via the refrigerant liquid return flow path, and the discharge chamber or the discharge space is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant liquid.

  In the heat pump device of the present invention, a part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the discharge chamber provided in the cylinder upper assembly of the reciprocating compressor and then condensed by the condenser is returned to the discharge chamber or the discharge space. Then, the refrigerant liquid is evaporated with the heat of the discharge gas in the discharge chamber or the discharge space, and the discharge chamber or the discharge space is cooled by removing the latent heat of evaporation from the discharge gas. By cooling the discharge chamber or the discharge space, heat transfer from the discharge chamber or the discharge space to the suction chamber or the gas passage is suppressed.

Thereby, the temperature rise of the refrigerant gas before being sucked into the cylinder can be prevented. Therefore, volume expansion can be suppressed, the volumetric efficiency of the reciprocating compressor can be prevented from being lowered, and the capacity reduction of the heat pump apparatus incorporating the reciprocating compressor can be suppressed.
In this way, the discharge chamber or the discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber can be cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant, and since cooling water or the like is not used, the present invention can be applied even in a desert area where there is no cooling water. Therefore, environmental problems do not occur at low cost.

  In the heat pump device of the present invention, an injection nozzle connected to the refrigerant liquid return channel may be provided in the discharge chamber or the discharge space, and the refrigerant liquid may be injected from the injection nozzle into the discharge chamber or the discharge space. Accordingly, evaporation of the refrigerant liquid in the discharge chamber or the discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber can be promoted, and the cooling effect can be enhanced.

  In the heat pump device of the present invention, when the reciprocating compressor is a multi-stage compressor including a low-stage compressor and a high-stage compressor, a part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the high-stage compressor and condensed by the condenser is used. A refrigerant liquid return passage is provided to return to the discharge chamber of the low-stage compressor or the discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber, and the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space of the low-stage compressor via the refrigerant liquid return passage. It is good to comprise so that a part may be supplied.

  Since the refrigerant liquid discharged from the high-stage compressor and condensed in the condenser is higher in pressure than the discharge chamber of the low-stage compressor or the discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber, the low-stage compressor is not used. Can be supplied to the discharge chamber or discharge space. This eliminates the need for power and equipment for supplying the refrigerant liquid.

In addition to the above-described configuration, a second refrigerant liquid return flow path for returning a part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the high stage compressor and condensed by the condenser to the discharge chamber or the discharge space of the high stage compressor is provided. A pressure intensifier is provided in the second refrigerant liquid return flow path, and a part of the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space of the high-stage compressor via the second refrigerant liquid return flow path. May be.
When supplying a part of the heat medium liquid condensed by the condenser to the discharge chamber or discharge space of the high stage compressor, the discharge chamber or discharge space of the high stage compressor and the condenser have the same pressure. For example, a pressure booster such as a liquid pump needs to be interposed in the heat medium liquid return channel.
Thereby, the intake gas of both the low stage compressor and the high stage compressor can be cooled.

In the heat pump device of the present invention, a refrigerant liquid heat exchanger is interposed in the refrigerant circulation path between the condenser and the expansion valve, and the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor is compressed into the refrigerant liquid heat exchanger by high-stage compression. A refrigerant circulation path leading to the suction chamber or the suction space of the machine may be connected to cool the refrigerant liquid discharged from the condenser with the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor.
As a result, the refrigerant liquid flowing from the condenser to the expansion valve in the refrigerant circulation path is cooled by the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor and cooled by the refrigerant liquid heat exchanger. The capacity of the heat pump device can be improved.

A refrigerant liquid heat exchanger is provided in the refrigerant circuit between the condenser and the expansion valve, and the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor is supplied to the refrigerant liquid heat exchanger in the suction chamber or the intake of the high-stage compressor. A refrigerant circulation path leading to the space is connected, and the refrigerant liquid discharged from the condenser is configured to be cooled by the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor,
The refrigerant liquid heat exchanger is interposed in a refrigerant circulation path upstream of the refrigerant liquid return flow path or the second refrigerant liquid return flow path, and a part of the refrigerant liquid cooled by the refrigerant liquid heat exchanger is You may comprise so that it may supply to a return flow path or a 2nd refrigerant | coolant liquid return flow path.
Accordingly, the refrigerant liquid cooled by the refrigerant liquid heat exchanger can be supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space of the low-stage compressor or the high-stage compressor, so that the high-stage compressor further enhances the cooling effect of the discharge gas, Can do.

  In the heat pump device of the present invention, an intermediate cooler is provided in the refrigerant circulation path between the condenser and the expansion valve, and the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor is supplied to the intermediate cooler by the suction of the high-stage compressor. A refrigerant circulation path that leads to the chamber or the suction space is connected, and a part of the refrigerant liquid that has come out of the condenser is evaporated by the intermediate cooler, so that it is discharged from the other refrigerant liquid that has come out of the condenser and the low-stage compressor. It is preferable that the refrigerant gas is cooled.

  As a result, the capacity of the heat pump device can be improved and a part of the supercooled high-pressure refrigerant liquid after being cooled by the intercooler can be supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space of the low-stage compressor. The cooling effect of the discharge gas of the stage compressor can be further enhanced and the supply amount of the refrigerant liquid can be reduced, so that the injection nozzle provided in the discharge chamber or the discharge space of the low stage compressor can be reduced in size. .

When NH ₃ having a large specific heat ratio is used as the refrigerant, NH ₃ has a characteristic that the specific volume becomes larger than other refrigerants due to a temperature rise. The volume expansion due to the temperature rise of the suction gas before being sucked into the cylinder is remarkable. However, if the present invention is applied, the temperature rise of the NH ₃ gas before being sucked into the cylinder can be suppressed, so that the capacity of the heat pump device is not lowered.

Next, the reciprocating compressor for refrigerant of the first invention applicable to the heat pump device of the invention is
In a reciprocating compressor for a refrigerant comprising a suction chamber communicating with a cylinder via a suction valve and a discharge chamber communicating with the cylinder via a discharge valve in a cylinder upper assembly,
A refrigerant liquid supply port for receiving a part of the refrigerant liquid obtained by condensing the discharge gas is provided in the discharge chamber or a discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber, and the discharge chamber or the discharge space is provided via the refrigerant liquid supply port. The refrigerant liquid is received, and the discharge chamber or the discharge space is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant liquid.

  With the above configuration, a part of the refrigerant liquid obtained by condensing the discharge gas can be supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space, and the discharge chamber or the discharge space can be cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant liquid. As a result, the temperature rise of the discharge chamber or the discharge space can be eliminated and the temperature rise of the suction gas before being sucked into the cylinder can be prevented, so that an increase in the specific volume of the suction gas can be suppressed, and the volume efficiency is reduced. Can be suppressed. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the performance of the heat pump apparatus in which the reciprocating compressor is incorporated.

  In the reciprocating compressor for refrigerant according to the first aspect of the present invention, an injection nozzle communicating with the refrigerant liquid supply port is provided in the discharge chamber or the discharge space, and the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space via the injection nozzle. It is good to comprise so that it may inject. Thereby, evaporation of the refrigerant liquid in the discharge chamber or the discharge space can be promoted, and the cooling effect can be enhanced.

The reciprocating compressor for refrigerant according to the second aspect of the present invention, applicable to the heat pump device according to the present invention,
In a reciprocating compressor for a refrigerant comprising a suction chamber communicating with a cylinder via a suction valve and a discharge chamber communicating with the cylinder via a discharge valve in a cylinder upper assembly,
A heat insulating material is interposed between the suction chamber and the discharge chamber to block heat transfer between the suction chamber and the discharge chamber.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the heat of the discharge chamber from being transmitted to the suction chamber by a simple means of interposing a heat insulating material between the discharge chamber and the suction chamber. Accordingly, the temperature rise of the refrigerant gas before being sucked into the cylinder can be prevented, so that an increase in the specific volume of the refrigerant gas can be suppressed and a decrease in volume efficiency can be suppressed. Thereby, the capability fall of the heat pump apparatus incorporating the reciprocating compressor can be suppressed.

Further, by combining the configurations of the reciprocating compressor of the first invention and the reciprocating compressor of the second invention, the heat transfer from the discharge chamber to the suction chamber can be suppressed in a synergistic manner. it can.
That is, a refrigerant liquid supply port for receiving a part of the refrigerant liquid obtained by condensing the discharge gas is provided in the discharge chamber or the discharge space, and the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space through the refrigerant liquid supply port. The discharge chamber or the discharge space is cooled by the latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant liquid, and heat transfer from the discharge chamber to the suction chamber is achieved by interposing a heat insulating material between the discharge chamber and the suction chamber. Can be effectively suppressed.

  In the refrigerant reciprocating compressor according to the first or second aspect of the present invention, the cylinder upper assembly is configured to shield the cylinder to form a discharge gas passage and to provide a discharge valve in the discharge gas passage. A shielding plate, a head cover that covers the top of the shielding plate to form a discharge chamber, a valve plate that is disposed below the shielding plate and contains a cylinder, and includes a suction valve, and is disposed below the valve plate And a cylinder outer casing that forms a suction chamber, and a plate-like heat insulating gasket is interposed between the valve plate and the cylinder outer casing, and the valve plate and the heat insulating gasket are expanded to expand the valve plate and The outer peripheral edge of the heat insulating gasket may be clamped and fixed from both sides at the joint between the head cover and the cylinder outer cover.

  With this configuration, the heat insulating gasket can be easily fixed between the valve plate and the cylinder outer casing. Further, by disposing a heat insulating gasket between the valve plate and the cylinder outer casing, heat insulation between the suction chamber formed in the cylinder outer casing and the discharge chamber formed above the shielding plate is effectively performed. Can be done.

  In addition, when the cylinder outer body includes a plurality of cylinders, a heat insulating space may be formed between the cylinder and the heat insulating gasket in a region sandwiched between the plurality of cylinders. Thereby, the heat insulation effect can be further improved.

According to the heat pump device of the present invention, in a heat pump device comprising a heat pump cycle in which a reciprocating compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator are interposed in a refrigerant circuit,
A refrigerant liquid return passage is provided for returning a part of the refrigerant liquid condensed by the condenser to a discharge chamber provided in the cylinder upper assembly of the reciprocating compressor or a discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber. A part of the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space through the flow path, and the discharge chamber or the discharge space is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant liquid. The heat transfer from the chamber or the discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber to the suction chamber or the suction space communicating with the suction chamber is suppressed, and the temperature rise and volume expansion of the suction gas before being sucked into the cylinder are suppressed. A decrease in volumetric efficiency of the dynamic compressor can be prevented. Thus, even with a large refrigerant such as NH ₃ ratio of specific heat, it can be prevented lowering ability of the heat pump apparatus. In addition, since no cooling water is used, it can be applied even in places where there is no cooling water, such as in desert areas, and environmental pollution does not occur at low cost.

  According to the refrigerant reciprocating compressor of the first aspect of the present invention, the cylinder upper assembly includes the suction chamber communicating with the cylinder via the suction valve, and the discharge chamber communicating with the cylinder via the discharge valve. In the refrigerant reciprocating compressor, a refrigerant liquid supply port for receiving a part of the refrigerant liquid obtained by condensing the discharge gas is provided in the discharge chamber or a discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber, and the refrigerant liquid supply port The refrigerant liquid is received in the discharge chamber or the discharge space via the refrigerant, and the discharge chamber or the discharge space is cooled by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant liquid, so that the suction chamber or the suction chamber is discharged from the discharge chamber or the discharge space. By suppressing the heat transfer to the suction space communicating with the cylinder, the temperature rise and volume expansion of the suction gas before being sucked into the cylinder can be suppressed, and the volumetric efficiency of the reciprocating compressor can be prevented from being lowered. By this, the capability fall of a heat pump apparatus can be prevented by applying to the heat pump apparatus of the said this invention.

  According to the reciprocating compressor of the second aspect of the present invention, the refrigerant comprising the cylinder upper assembly including the suction chamber communicating with the cylinder via the suction valve and the discharge chamber communicating with the cylinder via the discharge valve. In the reciprocating compressor for a compressor, a heat insulating material is interposed between the suction chamber and the discharge chamber, and heat transfer between the suction chamber and the discharge chamber is cut off. Can be prevented from being transmitted to the suction chamber, and the same effect as the reciprocating compressor of the first aspect of the present invention can be obtained.

1 is a system diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is an elevational sectional view showing a cylinder upper assembly of a reciprocating compressor incorporated in the refrigeration apparatus of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a cylinder upper assembly of the reciprocating compressor according to the first embodiment. It is a systematic diagram of the freezing apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a systematic diagram of the freezing apparatus which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a systematic diagram of the freezing apparatus which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a systematic diagram of the freezing apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment of this invention. It is a systematic diagram of the freezing apparatus which concerns on 6th Embodiment of this invention. It is an elevational sectional view showing a cylinder upper assembly of a reciprocating compressor incorporated in a refrigerating apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention. It is a systematic diagram of the freezing apparatus which concerns on 8th Embodiment of this invention. It is a diagram which shows the change of the specific volume of ammonia gas. It is a systematic diagram of the freezing apparatus which concerns on 9th Embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to that unless otherwise specified.

(Embodiment 1)
1st Embodiment which applied this invention to the freezing apparatus is described based on FIGS. FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a refrigeration apparatus according to the present embodiment (an example where the reciprocating compressor 3 is a single-stage machine).
In FIG. 1, the refrigeration apparatus 1 includes a refrigerant circulation path 2 that uses NH ₃ as a refrigerant. In the refrigerant circulation path 2, an oil reciprocating compressor 3 and an oil downstream of the reciprocating compressor 3 are sequentially installed. The separator 4, the condenser 5, the liquid receiver 6, the expansion valve 7, and the evaporator 8 are interposed to constitute a refrigeration cycle.

  The reciprocating compressor 3 includes a discharge chamber 303 that communicates with a cylinder 301 via a discharge valve 302, and a suction chamber 305 that communicates with a cylinder 301 via a suction valve 304. The discharge chamber 303 is provided immediately on the outlet side of the discharge valve 302 and communicates with the refrigerant circulation path 2. The suction chamber 305 is provided immediately on the outlet side of the suction valve 304 and communicates with the refrigerant circulation path 2. The refrigerant gas compressed to high pressure by the cylinder 301 is discharged from the discharge valve 302 to the discharge chamber 303.

The refrigerant gas discharged from the discharge chamber 303 to the refrigerant circulation path 2 is separated from the lubricating oil by the oil separator 4, and then dissipates heat and condenses in the condenser 5. The condensed refrigerant liquid is temporarily stored in the liquid receiver 6. The refrigerant liquid discharged from the liquid receiver 6 is decompressed by the expansion valve 7 and evaporated by the evaporator 8. The evaporator 8 absorbs evaporation latent heat from the load. Thereafter, the refrigerant gas is sucked into the suction chamber 305 of the reciprocating compressor 2 and further sucked into the cylinder 301 via the suction valve 304. The temperature entered in each part in FIG. 1 indicates the temperature of the refrigerant (NH ₃ ) at that part.

  In the present embodiment, a branch path 9 for branching the refrigerant liquid from the refrigerant circulation path 2 is provided on the downstream side of the liquid receiver 6. The branch path 9 is connected to an injection nozzle 306 provided on the inner wall of the discharge chamber 303. The branch path 9 is provided with a liquid pump 11 and a pressure regulating valve 12 on the downstream side of the liquid pump 11. A part of the refrigerant liquid passes through the branch path 9, is pressure-controlled by the rotation speed control of the liquid pump 11 and the pressure adjustment valve 12, becomes higher pressure than the discharge chamber 303, and is sprayed from the injection nozzle 306 into the discharge chamber 303. The The refrigerant liquid injected into the discharge chamber 303 evaporates by absorbing latent heat of evaporation from the refrigerant gas in the discharge chamber 303.

Thereby, since the temperature in the discharge chamber 303 is lowered, heat transfer from the discharge chamber 303 to the suction chamber 305 can be suppressed. Therefore, the temperature rise of the refrigerant gas before being sucked into the cylinder 301 can be suppressed.
In this embodiment, the cooling water is used by using an air-cooled condenser for the condenser 5 and a cooling high-pressure liquid cooler or a direct expansion oil cooler (not shown) for the reciprocating compressor 3. A highly efficient heat pump device or refrigeration device of a reciprocating compressor that does not perform can be realized.
Further, in this embodiment, the liquid pump 11 can be omitted by attaching the liquid head by raising the position of the liquid receiver 6 in the direction of gravity relative to the reciprocating compressor 3. (The same applies to other examples described below.)

2 and 3 show a specific structural example of the cylinder upper assembly 20 of the reciprocating compressor 3. The reciprocating compressor 3 of the present embodiment is a set of two cylinders.
In FIG. 2, a piston 22 is slidably disposed inside a cylinder 21. The cylinder 21 is attached to a cylinder outer casing 23. A valve plate 31 is disposed on the upper portion of the cylinder outer casing 23, and an opening 31 a of the valve plate 31 is disposed in accordance with the upper opening of the cylinder 21. A hollow portion is bored in the valve plate 31, and a plate-like suction valve 25 having a ring shape is accommodated in the hollow portion, and a spear spring 26 is accommodated thereabove.

  The elastic force of the eaves spring 26 acts to press the suction valve 25 against a valve seat 27 provided at the upper end of the cylinder 21. A suction chamber 24 is provided below the suction valve 25. The suction chamber 24 pushes up the suction valve 25 with the refrigerant gas against the elastic force of the eaves spring 26 acting on the suction valve 25, so that the cylinder 21 Communicates with the interior of

  A disc cage valve cage 32 is provided on the top of the valve plate 31 to shield the opening 31 a of the valve plate 31. A valve plate 34 having a frustoconical shape is coupled to the lower surface of the valve cage 32 by bolts 33. Positioning of the valve plate 34 with respect to the valve cage 32 is performed by passing an alignment rod 35 through both positioning holes. The shape of the valve plate 34 is fitted to the shape of the head of the piston 22 so that no space is created in the cylinder 21 when the piston 22 reaches the upper end of the cylinder 21.

  The valve cage 32 is provided with a discharge gas passage 36 a, a soot spring 37 is attached to the discharge gas passage 36 a, and a ring-shaped plate-like discharge valve 38 is attached below the soot spring 37. . Below the discharge valve 38, a valve seat 34 a formed at the peripheral edge of the valve plate 34 and a valve seat 31 b integrated with the valve plate 31 are arranged. When the discharge gas pressure of the cylinder 21 is small, the discharge valve 38 is pressed against the valve seats 34a and 31b by the elastic force of the eaves spring 37 to block the discharge gas passage 36a. When the piston 22 rises and the discharge gas pressure in the cylinder 21 increases, the discharge gas pushes up the discharge valve 38 and opens the discharge gas passage 36a.

  A plate-like heat insulating gasket 39 made of a heat insulating material is interposed between the cylinder outer casing 23 and the valve plate 31. A head cover 40 is disposed above the valve cage 32, and a discharge chamber 36 is formed above the valve cage 32. The discharge chamber 36 communicates with the discharge gas passage 36 a and sends high-pressure discharge gas discharged from the cylinder 21 to the refrigerant circulation path 2. A branch pipe 9 is connected to the through hole 40a formed in the head cover 40, and an injection nozzle 306 is attached to the opening of the inner wall of the head cover. As a result, the refrigerant liquid in the branch pipe 9 is sprayed to the discharge chamber 36.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a bolt seat 41 is provided at the periphery of the head cover 40, and bolt holes 42 to 45 are provided at the periphery of the bolt seat 41, the valve plate 31, the heat insulating gasket 39, and the cylinder outer cover 23. These members are drilled, and these members are joined together by bolts (not shown) through bolt holes 42 to 45.

  In the present embodiment, the cylinder outer package 23 includes two cylinders 21. Therefore, two openings 23 a into which the two cylinders 21 are fitted are formed in the cylinder outer casing 23. A recess 46 is provided between the two openings 23 a, and the recess 46 forms a heat insulating space i between the heat insulating gasket 39.

2 and the reciprocating compressor of FIG. 3. 3, the piston 22 low pressure is formed in the cylinder 21 when the lowered, thereby, the intake valve intake gas g ₁ is against the elastic force of the bamboo shoot spring 26 25 Is pushed up and introduced into the cylinder 21. Next, when the piston 22 is in the high-pressure within the cylinder 21 rises, pushing up the discharge valve 38 discharge gas g ₂ of high pressure against the elastic force of the bamboo shoot spring 37, the discharge chamber 36 through the discharge gas passage 36a Discharged.

  When the reciprocating compressor 2 is incorporated in the refrigeration apparatus 1, for example, the temperature of the suction chamber 24 is -20 to 0 ° C., the suction pressure is 0.2 to 0.4 MPa, and the temperature of the discharge chamber 36 is 120. -140 degreeC and discharge pressure are 1.3-1.6 MPa.

The cylinder upper assembly 20 is heated by the discharge gas g _{2 having} a high temperature. In this embodiment, the refrigerant liquid is sprayed from the branch pipe 9 into the discharge chamber 36 through the injection nozzle 306 and sprayed. and together with the refrigerant liquid to cool the discharge gas by absorbing latent heat of evaporation from the discharge gas, since the interposed heat insulating gasket 39 between the valve plate 31 and the cylinder outer packaging member 23, the discharge gas g ₂ heat There can be efficiently suppressed to heat the inhalation gas g ₁ flowing suction chamber 24 is transmitted to the cylinder outer packaging material 23.

Accordingly, it is possible to suppress the Atsushi Nobori of the suction gas g ₁ before being sucked into the cylinder 21, it can be suppressed volume expansion of the intake gas g _1. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, by jetting a 35 ° C. refrigerant liquid to the jet nozzle 306, the discharge gas temperature in the discharge chamber 303 can be suppressed to 50 ° C., and the suction gas temperature in the suction chamber 305 is set to −10. It can be suppressed to ° C. Therefore, volume expansion of the refrigerant gas sucked into the cylinder 21 can be prevented, and a decrease in volume efficiency of the reciprocating compressor 3 can be suppressed. Thereby, the fall of the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating device 1 incorporating the reciprocating compressor 3 can be suppressed.

In particular, NH ₃ used as a refrigerant has a large specific heat ratio, and volume expansion is remarkable due to temperature rise, so that the volume efficiency of the reciprocating compressor is greatly reduced. However, according to the present invention, a decrease in volumetric efficiency of the reciprocating compressor 3 can be suppressed, and the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration apparatus 1 can be maintained.
Further, in this embodiment, the temperature rise of the suction gas is suppressed by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant liquid and the heat insulating gasket 19 and no cooling water is required, so that it can be applied even in desert areas and causes environmental pollution. There are no advantages.

In the present embodiment, since the refrigerant liquid is sprayed as fine particles in the discharge chamber 36 by the injection nozzle 306, the effect of absorbing the latent heat of evaporation from the discharge gas can be improved. Further, since the heat insulating gasket 39 extends from the suction chamber 24 to the peripheral edge of the cylinder outer casing 23, the heat of the discharged gas is blocked in a wide area where the heat insulating gasket 39 is disposed. Therefore, it is possible to effectively block the discharge gas heat from being transmitted to the cylinder outer casing 23 side.
In addition, since the heat insulating space i is provided between the plurality of cylinders 21 in the cylinder outer cover 23, the heat insulating effect can be further improved.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention (in the case where the reciprocating compressors 3a and 3b are a combination two-stage machine and a single-stage two-stage machine, the receiver 6 and the evaporator in the two-stage compression and one-stage expansion) This is an example in which no intercooler is used in the refrigerant path 2a between the 8 inlet side expander 7). In FIG. 4, the refrigerating apparatus of the present embodiment is constituted by a two-stage compressor in which a reciprocating compressor is composed of a low-stage compressor 3a and a high-stage compressor 3b. The configuration of the cylinder upper assembly of the low-stage compressor 3a and the high-stage compressor 3b is the same as that of the first embodiment shown in FIGS.
The refrigerant liquid from the liquid receiver 6 reaches the expansion valve 7 through the refrigerant circulation path 2a. The refrigerant liquid decompressed by the expansion valve 7 evaporates by removing the latent heat of evaporation from the load by the evaporator 8, and the evaporated refrigerant gas is sucked into the suction chamber 305 of the low-stage compressor 3a. The refrigerant gas sucked into the suction chamber 305 is sucked into the cylinder 301 through the suction valve 304 and compressed by the cylinder 301.

The refrigerant gas compressed by the cylinder 301 reaches the discharge chamber 303 through the discharge valve 302 and is discharged from the discharge chamber 303 to the refrigerant circulation path 2b. The refrigerant gas discharged to the refrigerant circuit 2b is sucked into the suction chamber 305 of the high stage compressor 3b after the lubricating oil is separated by the oil separator 4a.
The refrigerant gas sucked into the suction chamber 305 of the high stage compressor 3b is compressed in the cylinder 301 of the high stage compressor 3b and discharged from the discharge chamber 303 to the refrigerant circulation path 2c. The refrigerant gas discharged to the refrigerant circulation path 2c is separated from the lubricating oil by the oil separator 4b, and then dissipates heat in the condenser 5 and condenses.

  In the present embodiment, a branch path 51 that branches from the refrigerant circulation path 2 a is provided on the downstream side of the liquid receiver 6. A liquid pump 52 and a pressure adjustment valve 53 are interposed in the branch path 51. The end of the branch path 51 is connected to the discharge chamber 303 of the high stage compressor 3b. The refrigerant liquid is pressurized to a pressure higher than that of the discharge chamber 303 of the high-stage compressor 3 b by the rotation speed control of the liquid pump 53 and the pressure control of the pressure adjustment valve 53, and sprayed from the injection nozzle 306 in the discharge chamber 303. .

  A branch path 54 is branched from the refrigerant circulation path 2a downstream from the branch path 51, and the branch path 54 is connected to an injection nozzle 306 provided on the inner wall surface of the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a. Since the inside of the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a is lower in pressure than the branch passage 54, it is not necessary to increase the pressure of the refrigerant liquid, and can be supplied into the discharge chamber 303 as it is.

In the present embodiment, the refrigerant liquid is sprayed from the branch paths 51 and 54 to the discharge chambers 303 of the high-stage compressor 3b and the low-stage compressor 3a, and the refrigerant liquid is evaporated by the retained heat of the discharge gas in the discharge chamber 303. The latent heat of vaporization is taken from the discharge gas to cool the discharge gas. Therefore, heat transfer from the discharge chamber 303 to the suction chamber 305 can be suppressed in the low-stage compressor 3a and the high-stage compressor 3b.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cylinder heads 20 of the low-stage compressor 3a and the high-stage compressor 3b are provided with a heat insulating gasket 39 between the valve plate 31 and the cylinder outer casing 23. Therefore, heat transfer from the discharge chamber 36 to the suction chamber 24 can be suppressed by the heat insulating gasket 39.

  As shown in FIG. 4, since the temperature of the suction chamber 305 of the low stage compressor 3a can be suppressed to −25 ° C. and the temperature of the suction chamber 305 of the high stage compressor 3b can be suppressed to 15 ° C., reciprocating compression A reduction in volumetric efficiency of the machine can be suppressed and the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration apparatus 1 can be maintained.

  Since the pressure in the discharge chamber 303 of the high stage compressor 3b and the branch path 51 is the same, when supplying the refrigerant liquid from the branch path 51 to the discharge chamber 303 of the high stage compressor 3b, the liquid pump 52 and It is necessary to increase the pressure with the pressure regulating valve 53. On the other hand, since the discharge chamber 303 of the low stage compressor 3a has a lower pressure than the branch path 54, it is not necessary to increase the pressure when supplying the refrigerant liquid from the branch path 54 to the discharge chamber 303 of the low stage compressor 3a. Therefore, a pressure intensifier is not required and power reduction is possible.

  The intake gas temperature of the low stage compressor 3a is lower than the intake gas temperature of the high stage compressor 3b. For example, the suction gas temperature of the low stage compressor 3a is −30 ° C., and the temperature difference with the discharge gas is larger than that on the high stage compressor side. Therefore, the low stage compressor 3a is more susceptible to the influence of the temperature increase of the intake gas due to the heat transfer from the discharge gas. Therefore, if at least the refrigerant liquid is supplied from the branch passage 54 to the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a, the effect of suppressing the temperature of the intake gas can be further increased, and the decrease in the refrigerating capacity can be further suppressed.

(Embodiment 3)
Next, a third embodiment of the refrigeration apparatus according to the present invention (1 when the intermediate cooler 61 is used in the first stage expansion of the two-stage compressors 3a and 3b, the intermediate cooler 61 receives the refrigerant liquid from the liquid receiver 6). The refrigerant liquid is sent to the expansion valve 7 and the evaporator 8 through the heat transfer pipe 61a, and the refrigerant liquid is not expanded in the intercooler 61.) will be described based on FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, a liquid gas heat exchanger 61 is interposed in the refrigerant circulation path 2a on the downstream side of the liquid receiver 6, and the refrigerant circulation path on the downstream side of the oil separator 4a in the liquid gas heat exchanger 61. 2b is connected. Then, the refrigerant liquid discharged from the liquid receiver 6 and the discharge refrigerant gas downstream of the oil separator 4a are heat-exchanged by the liquid gas heat exchanger 61, and the refrigerant liquid is cooled by the discharge refrigerant gas. Yes. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment shown in FIG. Members or devices having the same configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the second embodiment, and description thereof is omitted.

  The refrigerant liquid on the downstream side of the liquid receiver 6 is supplied to the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a via the branch path 54, and the refrigerant liquid is discharged via the injection nozzle 306 as shown in FIG. The chamber 303 is sprayed. The refrigerant liquid is evaporated to lower the temperature of the discharge gas in the discharge chamber 303. For example, when the condensation temperature is 35 ° C. and the evaporation temperature is −30 ° C., the temperature of the refrigerant liquid in the condenser 5 and the liquid receiver 6 is 35 ° C., and the refrigerant liquid is evaporated in the discharge chamber 303. By absorbing the latent heat of vaporization, the discharge gas temperature in the discharge chamber 303 can be cooled to 10 ° C.

  The discharged gas at 10 ° C. is introduced into the liquid gas heat exchanger 61, and the 35 ° C. refrigerant liquid discharged from the liquid receiver 6 can be cooled to 30 ° C. by the liquid gas heat exchanger 61.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the same operational effects as those of the second embodiment can be obtained, and in the liquid gas heat exchanger 61, the outlet of the receiver 6 is discharged with the discharge gas of the low-stage compressor 3a. Since the refrigerant liquid on the side is cooled, the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration apparatus 1 can be further improved and the COP can be improved.
In the high-stage reciprocating compressor 3b of the present embodiment, the liquid injection (jet nozzle 306) into the head cover (discharge chamber 303) may be omitted and the head cover may be water-cooled, or air-cooled depending on temperature conditions.

(Embodiment 4)
Next, a fourth embodiment according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention (2 in the case where the intermediate cooler 61 is used in the first stage expansion of the two-stage compressors 3a and 3b, and the intermediate cooler 61 has the same configuration as the third embodiment). Will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 6, in this embodiment, the branch path 71 is branched from the refrigerant outlet pipe 70 on the downstream side of the liquid gas heat exchanger 61, and the branch path 71 is connected to the discharge chamber 303 of the low stage compressor 3a. . Since other configurations are the same as those of the third embodiment, description of the same members or devices is omitted.
The end of the branch path 71 is connected to an injection nozzle 306 disposed in the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a, and the configuration of the discharge chamber 303 is the same as in the first to third embodiments.

According to this embodiment, in addition to the cooling effect of the discharge gas in the discharge chamber 303 of the low stage compressor 3a and the high stage compressor 3b, the low temperature (30 ° C.) after being supercooled by the liquid gas heat exchanger 61. ) Is supplied to the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 32a via the branch path 71, so that the cooling effect of the discharge gas in the discharge chamber 303 can be further improved. For this reason, the amount of refrigerant liquid supplied to the branch path 71 can be reduced, and there is an advantage that the injection nozzle 306 can be downsized.
Also in this embodiment, the high-stage reciprocating compressor 3b may be configured such that the liquid injection (jet nozzle 306) into the head cover (discharge chamber 303) may be omitted and the head cover may be water-cooled, or air-cooled depending on temperature conditions. It may be the same as in the previous embodiment.

(Embodiment 5)
Next, a fifth embodiment according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIG. 7 (3 in the case where the intermediate cooler 81 is used in the single-stage expansion of the two-stage compressors 3a and 3b. In this way, the refrigerant liquid is jetted and forced cooling is performed). In the present embodiment, the liquid gas heat exchanger 61 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is replaced with an intermediate cooler 81, and the configuration other than the periphery of the intermediate cooler 81 is the same as that of the fourth embodiment. It is. In the intermediate cooler 81, a branch path 82 that branches from the refrigerant circulation path 2 a is provided on the upstream side of the intermediate cooler 81, and an expansion valve 83 is interposed in the branch path 82.

In the intermediate cooler 81 of this embodiment, a heat transfer pipe 81a communicating with the refrigerant circulation path 2a is disposed inside the intermediate cooler 81, and the discharge refrigerant gas of the low-stage compressor 3a is filled outside the pipe 81a. A space is formed. The refrigerant liquid flowing through the pipe 81a and the discharged refrigerant gas are heat-exchanged through the pipe wall of the pipe 81a.
Further, the refrigerant liquid subjected to heat exchange in the heat transfer pipe 81 a of the intermediate cooler 81 is guided to the expansion valve 7 through the outlet side pipe 70.
Further, a branch path 71 is branched from the refrigerant outlet pipe 70 on the downstream side of the liquid gas heat exchanger 61, and the branch path 71 is connected to the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a.

  In this configuration, the refrigerant liquid that has flowed into the branch path 82 is decompressed through the expansion valve 83 and then flows into the intercooler 81. Since the refrigerant liquid evaporates in the intermediate cooler 81 and takes away latent heat of vaporization, the cooling effect of the refrigerant liquid flowing from the refrigerant circulation path 2a into the pipe line 81a of the intermediate cooler 81 can be increased. The refrigerant liquid is cooled to, for example, 25 ° C. by the intercooler 81.

  Therefore, according to this embodiment, compared with the said 4th Embodiment, since the cooling effect of the refrigerant | coolant liquid by the intermediate cooler 81 can be heightened, the temperature of the heat transfer fluid at the exit side of the intermediate cooler 81 is further increased. Can be reduced. Therefore, since the temperature of the refrigerant liquid supplied from the branch path 71 to the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a can be further reduced, the temperature suppression effect of the discharge gas of the low-stage compressor 3a is further improved as compared with the fourth embodiment. It can be improved. Moreover, since the cooling effect of the refrigerant liquid flowing into the expansion valve 7 is also improved, the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration apparatus 1 can be further improved.

(Embodiment 6)
Next, a sixth embodiment according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention (in the case of two-stage compression and two-stage expansion, this embodiment is provided with an intercooler 91, and the refrigerant liquid from the liquid receiver 6 is supplied from The refrigerant liquid that has been jetted into the expansion space 91a in the intermediate cooler 91 and received in the liquid space below it is guided to the evaporator 8 via the expansion valve 7, thereby enabling two-stage expansion). This will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the liquid gas heat exchanger 61 of the third embodiment is replaced with an intermediate cooler 91 as compared with the third embodiment shown in FIG. An expansion valve 92 is interposed in the refrigerant circulation path 2 a on the upstream side of the intermediate cooler 91. Other configurations are the same as those of the third embodiment.

  With this configuration, the refrigerant liquid in the refrigerant circulation path 2a is depressurized through the expansion valve 92, and evaporates by taking the latent heat of evaporation from the gas discharged from the low-stage compressor 3a inside the intermediate cooler 91. The intermediate cooler 91 of the present embodiment has a closed container shape in which an internal space is formed, and is a system in which the refrigerant liquid and the discharge gas exchange contact heat in the internal space.

According to this embodiment, since the intermediate cooler 91 is disposed instead of the liquid gas heat exchanger 61 as compared with the third embodiment, the cooling effect of the refrigerant liquid reaching the expansion valve 7 can be further improved. In addition, the cooling effect of the refrigerant gas supplied to the suction chamber 305 of the high stage compressor 3b can be improved (for example, cooling to 6 ° C.).
Moreover, compared with 5th Embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the heat exchanger tube arrange | positioned inside the intercooler 91 becomes unnecessary, and can reduce installation cost.

(Embodiment 7)
Next, 7th Embodiment which concerns on the freezing apparatus of this invention is described based on FIG. FIG. 9 shows a cylinder upper assembly 100 of a reciprocating compressor incorporated in the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention. The reciprocating compressor of the present embodiment is configured with two cylinders in pairs.
In FIG. 9, a piston 102 is slidably disposed inside a cylinder 101. The cylinder 101 is attached to the cylinder outer package 103. A valve plate 111 is disposed on the cylinder outer casing 103, and an opening 111 a of the valve plate 111 is disposed concentrically with the upper opening of the cylinder 101. A hollow portion is formed in the valve plate 111, and a plate-like suction valve 105 having a ring shape is accommodated in the hollow portion, and a spear spring 106 is accommodated above the plate-like suction valve 105.

The elastic force of the scissors spring 106 acts to press the suction valve 105 against the upper end of the cylinder 101. Below the intake valve 105, an intake gas passage 104a and a suction chamber 104 communicating with the intake gas passage 104a are provided. When the piston 102 descends in the cylinder 101, the pressure in the cylinder 101 becomes low, and a differential pressure is generated with the suction chamber 104. At this time, the refrigerant gas g ₁ pushes up the suction valve 105 and is sucked into the cylinder 101.

A disc cage valve cage 112 is attached to the top of the valve plate 111 to shield the opening 111a of the valve plate 111. A valve plate 114 having a frustoconical shape is coupled to the lower surface of the valve cage 112 by bolts 113.
A discharge gas passage 116a is formed in the valve cage 112, and a soot spring 117 is mounted on the valve cage 112. A plate-like discharge that forms a ring shape below the soot spring 117 and faces the discharge gas passage 116a. A valve 118 is mounted.
When the piston 102 is discharged gas pressure of the cylinder 101 becomes large increase, the discharge gas _{g 2} is discharged into the discharge gas passage 116a pushes up the discharge valve 118.

An upper portion of the valve cage 112 is covered with a head cover 121, and a discharge chamber 116 is formed above the valve cage 112. The discharge chamber 116 communicates with the discharge gas passage 116a and sends high-pressure discharge gas discharged from the cylinder 101 to the refrigerant circulation path.
The refrigerant gas g ₂ discharged from the discharge gas passage 116 a to the discharge chamber 116 is sent to the refrigerant circulation path through the passage 107 formed in the cylinder outer casing 103. The passage 107 is disposed adjacent to the suction chamber 104 and the suction gas passage 104 a with a partition wall of the cylinder outer cover 103 being interposed therebetween.

As shown in FIG. 9, the head cover 121 and the cylinder outer cover 103 are provided with through holes 121a and 121b, respectively, and branch pipes 122a and 122b corresponding to the branch pipe 9 of FIG. Is connected. The through hole 121 a opens in the inner wall of the head cover, and the through hole 121 b opens in the passage 107. And the injection nozzles 123a and 123b are attached to these openings, respectively. Thereby, the refrigerant liquid condensed from the liquid receiver (not shown) is sprayed to the discharge chamber 116 and the passage 107 through the branch pipes 122a and 122b.
A cooling water filling space 125 that is covered with a cooling water jacket 124 and sealed is formed on the surface of the head cover 121. A cooling water supply hole 124a is provided in the cooling water jacket 124, and the cooling water w is filled from the cooling water supply hole 124a.

According to the present embodiment, since the refrigerant liquid is sprayed as fine particles in the discharge chamber 116 and the passage 107 by the injection nozzles 123a and 123b, the effect of absorbing the latent heat of evaporation from the discharge gas can be improved.
The passage 107 is disposed adjacent to the suction chamber 104 and the suction gas passage 104a with a partition wall of the cylinder outer cover 103 therebetween, and the coolant liquid is sprayed to the passage 107 by the injection nozzle 123b to suppress the temperature rise of the discharge gas. Therefore, the refrigerant gas passing through the passage 107 can be suppressed from warming the suction gas passing through the suction chamber 104 and the suction gas passage 104a.

(Embodiment 8)
An eighth embodiment according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG.
Compared with the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, this embodiment eliminates the branch path 9 for branching the refrigerant liquid on the downstream side of the receiver 6 of the refrigeration apparatus 1 and performs a single-stage reciprocation. In the discharge chamber 303 of the mold compressor 3, the branch pipe 9 is not connected and the injection nozzle 306 is not attached. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

In the present embodiment, the discharge gas in the discharge chamber 36 is not cooled using the latent heat of vaporization of the condensed refrigerant liquid. Then, the heat transfer between the suction chamber 36 and the discharge chamber 24 is interrupted by a heat insulating gasket 39 interposed between the valve plate 31 and the cylinder outer casing 23 so that the temperature of the suction gas in the suction chamber 24 is increased. Suppressed. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the heat insulation effect is increased by providing a heat insulation space i in the cylinder outer casing 23 between the plurality of cylinders 21.
As a result, the temperature rise of the intake gas before being sucked into the cylinder 21 can be suppressed, so that a decrease in volumetric efficiency of the reciprocating compressor can be suppressed and the refrigeration capacity of the refrigeration apparatus 1 can be maintained.

(Embodiment 9)
Next, the ninth embodiment according to the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIG. 12 (in the case where the intermediate cooler 81 is used in the single-stage expansion of the two-stage compressors 3a and 3b, the intermediate cooler 81 is cooled by the expansion valve 83. It is a diagram in which liquid is jetted to forcibly cool and normal temperature liquid refrigerant in the liquid receiver 6 is supplied to the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a). This embodiment is the same as the fifth embodiment except for the configuration around the intermediate cooler 81 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. The refrigerant circulation path 2a on the outlet side of the liquid receiver 6 is provided with a path 2a through which the intermediate cooler 81 passes and paths 2b and 71a that branch off the path 2a and bypass the intermediate cooler 81. The refrigerant is connected to the nozzle 306 of the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a.

  By adopting such a configuration, the following advantageous effects can be obtained as compared with the case where the low-temperature liquid refrigerant having passed through the intermediate heat exchanger 81 is supplied to the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a.

The intermediate heat exchanger 81 and the cryogenic liquid pipe 81a are insulated to avoid heating from outside air (or machine room temperature).
In particular, if there is heat intrusion from the outside in a liquid-sealed state with a valve or the like, liquid expansion may occur and breakage may occur from a weak portion of the piping part. In this embodiment, the path 2a through the intermediate cooler 81 and the path 2a Since the paths 2b and 71a branching off the intermediate cooler 81 are provided and the normal temperature liquid refrigerant of the liquid receiver 6 is directly led to the discharge chamber 303 of the low-stage compressor 3a, the above-described problems are solved. I can do it.

According to the present invention, since the high-density refrigerant gas can be sucked by suppressing the rise in the temperature of the sucked refrigerant gas inside the reciprocating compressor, the volumetric efficiency can be improved, thereby the reciprocating compressor. It is possible to improve the capacity of a heat pump device such as a refrigeration device in which is incorporated.
Furthermore, it is possible to obtain a highly efficient heat pump device or refrigeration device of a reciprocating compressor that can suppress the rise in the temperature of the suction gas inside the compressor and can also use cooling water.

Claims (13)

In a heat pump device comprising a heat pump cycle in which a reciprocating compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator are interposed in a refrigerant circuit,
A refrigerant liquid return passage is provided for returning a part of the refrigerant liquid condensed by the condenser to a discharge chamber provided in the cylinder upper assembly of the reciprocating compressor or a discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber,
A heat pump configured to supply a part of the refrigerant liquid to the discharge chamber or the discharge space through the refrigerant liquid return flow path, and to cool the discharge chamber or the discharge space by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant liquid. apparatus.   The injection nozzle connected to the refrigerant liquid return channel is provided in the discharge chamber or the discharge space, and the refrigerant liquid is configured to be injected from the injection nozzle into the discharge chamber or the discharge space. The heat pump apparatus as described. The reciprocating compressor is composed of a low-stage compressor and a high-stage compressor, and a part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the high-stage compressor and condensed in the condenser is communicated with the discharge chamber of the low-stage compressor or the discharge chamber. Providing a refrigerant liquid return flow path to return to the discharged discharge space,
3. The heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein a part of the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space of the low-stage compressor through the refrigerant liquid return flow path. A second refrigerant liquid return channel is provided for returning a part of the refrigerant liquid discharged from the high stage compressor and condensed by the condenser to the discharge chamber or the discharge space of the high stage compressor, and the second refrigerant liquid return A pressure booster is installed in the flow path,
The heat pump device according to claim 3, wherein a part of the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the discharge chamber or the discharge space of the high-stage compressor through the second refrigerant liquid return flow path.   A refrigerant liquid heat exchanger is interposed in the refrigerant circuit between the condenser and the expansion valve, and the refrigerant gas discharged from the low stage compressor is supplied to the refrigerant liquid heat exchanger in the suction chamber or the suction space of the high stage compressor. The heat pump device according to claim 3, wherein a refrigerant circulation path is connected to cool the refrigerant liquid discharged from the condenser with the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor. A refrigerant liquid heat exchanger is interposed in the refrigerant circuit between the condenser and the expansion valve, and the refrigerant gas discharged from the low stage compressor is supplied to the refrigerant liquid heat exchanger in the suction chamber or the suction space of the high stage compressor. A refrigerant circulation path is connected, and the refrigerant liquid discharged from the condenser is cooled by the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor, and the refrigerant liquid heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerant liquid return flow path or the second A part of the refrigerant liquid cooled by the refrigerant liquid heat exchanger is provided in the refrigerant circulation path upstream of the refrigerant liquid return flow path so as to be supplied to the refrigerant liquid return flow path or the second refrigerant liquid return flow path. The heat pump device according to claim 4, wherein the heat pump device is configured as follows. An intermediate cooler is interposed in the refrigerant circuit between the condenser and the expansion valve, and the refrigerant circuit that guides the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor to the intermediate cooler to the suction chamber or the suction space of the high-stage compressor Connect
The intermediate cooler is configured to evaporate a part of the refrigerant liquid exiting from the condenser, thereby cooling the other refrigerant liquid exiting from the condenser and the refrigerant gas discharged from the low-stage compressor. The heat pump device according to claim 3, wherein The heat pump device according to claim 1, wherein NH ₃ having a large specific heat ratio is used as the refrigerant. In a reciprocating compressor for a refrigerant comprising a suction chamber communicating with a cylinder via a suction valve and a discharge chamber communicating with the cylinder via a discharge valve in a cylinder upper assembly,
A refrigerant liquid supply port for receiving a part of the refrigerant liquid obtained by condensing the discharge gas is provided in the discharge chamber or the discharge space communicating with the discharge chamber,
Reciprocating compression for refrigerant, wherein the refrigerant liquid is received in the discharge chamber or the discharge space through the refrigerant liquid supply port, and the discharge chamber or the discharge space is cooled by latent heat of evaporation of the refrigerant liquid. Machine.   An injection nozzle that communicates with a refrigerant liquid supply port is provided in the discharge chamber or the discharge space, and the refrigerant liquid is configured to be injected into the discharge chamber or the discharge space through the injection nozzle. The reciprocating compressor for refrigerant as described.   The reciprocating compressor for refrigerant according to claim 9, wherein a heat insulating material is interposed between the suction chamber and the discharge chamber to block heat transfer between the suction chamber and the discharge chamber. Cylinder upper assembly
A shielding plate which shields the cylinder to form a discharge gas passage and is provided with a discharge valve in the discharge gas passage;
A head cover that covers the top of the shielding plate and forms a discharge chamber;
A valve plate disposed below the shielding plate and containing a cylinder and incorporating a suction valve;
And a cylinder outer casing disposed below the valve plate and forming a suction chamber,
A plate-like heat insulating gasket is interposed between the valve plate and the cylinder outer casing,
12. The refrigerant according to claim 11, wherein the diameter of the valve plate and the heat insulating gasket is expanded and the outer peripheral edge portions of the valve plate and the heat insulating gasket are sandwiched and fixed from both sides by the joint portion of the head cover and the cylinder outer cover. Reciprocating compressor.   The reciprocating type for refrigerant according to claim 12, wherein the cylinder outer body includes a plurality of cylinders, and a heat insulating space is formed between the cylinder and the heat insulating gasket in a region sandwiched between the plurality of cylinders. Compressor.

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