JP2011153650A - Retainer and roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a retainer capable of smoothly rolling a rolling element stored in a pocket of the retainer by effectively passing and discharging lubricating oil into/from the pocket of the retainer. <P>SOLUTION: In the substantially cylindrical retainer 11 retaining a plurality of needle rollers 20, the plurality of pockets 12 storing the needle rollers 20 are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. There is disposed in the retainer 11 an oil passage hole 32 which passes from an axial end surface 28 of the retainer 11 to an annular part inner wall surface 15 forming the pockets 12. The oil passage hole 32 is inclined in the circumferential direction with respect to the rotation axis direction of the retainer 11. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cage and a roller bearing, and more particularly to a substantially cylindrical cage and a roller bearing provided with such a cage.

  A general roller bearing includes an inner ring, an outer ring, a plurality of rollers disposed between the inner ring and the outer ring, and a cage that holds the rollers. During the operation of the roller bearing, the roller rolls between the outer ring and the inner ring. In order to ensure smooth rolling of the rollers, efficient lubrication of the lubricating oil is required. As publicly known patent documents aiming at efficient oil passage of roller bearings, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-2904 (Patent Document 1), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-78090 (Patent Document 2), and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-69868. (Patent Document 3) is disclosed.

  The cage described in Patent Document 1 is an annular cage having pockets that accommodate rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. In this cage, oil passages that penetrate from the inner diameter surface to the outer diameter surface of the cage are provided at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. According to the oil passage, the flow of the lubricating oil in the radial direction can be promoted, and the lubricating oil can be efficiently passed.

  The cage described in Patent Document 2 is an annular cage having pockets that accommodate rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. This retainer is provided with an oil passage by a notch penetrating straight in the axial direction at a position corresponding to the pocket. By this oil passage, the flow of the lubricating oil in the axial direction is promoted, and efficient oil passage of the lubricating oil can be realized.

  The cage described in Patent Document 3 is a comb-shaped cage having pockets that accommodate rollers at a plurality of locations in the circumferential direction. The retainer is provided with an oil passage that penetrates from the axial end surface of the retainer toward the pocket wall surface facing the roller end surface of the pocket. Furthermore, an annular groove coaxial with the oil passage is provided so as to surround the oil passage. The oil passage and the annular groove promote the flow of the lubricating oil in the axial direction so that the lubricating oil can be efficiently passed into the pocket and the foreign matter generated on the roller end face can be discharged.

JP 2006-2904 A JP 2007-78090 A JP 2008-69868 A

  In general, a roller bearing is required to efficiently pass lubricating oil into a pocket in order to ensure smooth rolling of the roller. However, according to the above-mentioned known technique, there has been insufficient efficiency in passing lubricating oil into the pocket.

  Specifically, since the retainer described in Patent Document 1 allows the lubricating oil to pass through the oil passage that penetrates in the radial direction, the lubricating oil cannot be passed through the pocket in the axial direction. It was.

  The cages described in Patent Literature 2 and Patent Literature 3 are provided with an oil passage that penetrates in the axial direction from the axial end surface of the cage to the inside of the pocket. However, in this cage, the oil passage is provided so as to be parallel to the rotation axis direction. Then, when the cage is operated, the cage rotation direction and the direction in which the lubricating oil flows in the oil passage are orthogonal to each other. Therefore, only the centrifugal force due to rotation acts on the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil cannot be efficiently passed through the pocket during operation.

  The object of the present invention is to allow the lubricating oil to efficiently pass through the pocket of the cage and to store the foreign matter such as wear powder remaining in the pocket together with the lubricating oil to be accommodated in the cage. It is providing the holder | retainer which can ensure the smooth rolling of the made rolling element.

  Another object of the present invention is to allow the lubricating oil to efficiently flow into the pocket of the cage and to discharge foreign matter such as wear powder remaining in the pocket to the outside together with the lubricating oil. It is an object of the present invention to provide a roller bearing including a cage that can ensure smooth rolling of a rolling element accommodated in the cage.

  The cage according to the present invention is a substantially cylindrical cage that holds a plurality of rolling elements, and a plurality of pockets that accommodate the rolling elements are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. There is provided at least one first oil passage that communicates from one end face in the axial direction to the wall surface that constitutes the pocket, and the first oil passage is circumferential with respect to the rotation axis direction of the cage. Inclined in the direction.

  As a result, when the cage rotates, the lubricating oil located outside the cage in the axial direction actively flows into the oil passage by the oil passage that is inclined along the rotation direction. Can be made. Accordingly, the lubricating oil can be efficiently passed into the pocket. Further, the lubricating oil staying in the pocket is positively discharged from the pocket by the efficient passage of the lubricating oil into the pocket. As a result, the lubricating oil can be efficiently passed through the pocket of the cage, and foreign matter such as abrasion powder remaining in the pocket can be discharged to the outside together with the lubricating oil. Smooth rolling of the rolling elements can be ensured.

  Preferably, the cage is further provided with at least one second oil passage that communicates from the other end surface in the axial direction of the cage to the wall surface that forms the pocket, and the second oil passage is provided. Is inclined in the circumferential direction with respect to the rotation axis direction of the cage. Thereby, it becomes possible to let lubricating oil flow into the pocket from both axial end face sides of the cage using the first oil passage and the second oil passage. Therefore, more lubricating oil can be flowed into the pocket.

  More preferably, the first and second oil passages are both inclined in the same direction. As a result, even when the cage rotates in one direction of the circumferential direction on one side or the other side, as described above, the lubricating oil positioned on the outer side in the axial direction of the cage is moved along the rotational direction. The slanted oil passage allows the oil to smoothly flow into the oil passage and into the pocket. Accordingly, the lubricating oil can be more efficiently passed into the cage pocket. Further, the lubricating oil staying in the pocket is discharged from the pocket and the oil passage way out of the pocket positively by the efficient passage of the lubricating oil.

  More preferably, the oil passage includes a through hole. Accordingly, the lubricating oil can be actively passed through the central region in the radial direction by the oil passage formed by the through hole on the end surface in the rolling axis direction of the rolling element accommodated in the pocket.

  More preferably, the oil passage includes a through groove that is recessed from the one surface in the radial direction of the cage toward the inside of the cage. Thereby, in addition to the lubricating oil positioned on the outer side in the axial direction of the cage, the lubricating oil positioned on the surface side in the radial direction in which the through groove is provided can be allowed to flow into the pocket.

  More preferably, the oil passage is located on the wall surface side constituting the pocket, and is inclined at a first angle, and one end face of the cage is more than the first oil passage area. And a second oil passage region that is inclined at a second angle larger than the first angle, and the second oil passage region has a diameter from a surface located in a radial direction of the cage. It is comprised by the surface extended in a direction. This makes it easier for the lubricating oil to flow toward the wall surface constituting the second oil passage area, and allows the lubricating oil to be efficiently guided to the first oil passage area. Accordingly, the lubricating oil can be more efficiently passed through the pockets.

  More preferably, the rolling element is a roller, and the pocket is constituted by a pair of circumferential wall surfaces facing the rolling surface of the roller accommodated in the pocket and a pair of axial wall surfaces facing the roller end surface. The oil passage communicates with the axial wall surface among the wall surfaces constituting the pocket. In particular, the opening area in the axial wall surface of the oil passage is an area including the rolling axis of the roller. Thereby, lubricating oil can be actively made to flow into the center part of the end surface of a roller. Therefore, it is possible to reduce wear on the end face of the roller.

  In another aspect of the present invention, a roller bearing includes an outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of rollers as rolling elements arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, and a substantially cylindrical cage that holds the rollers. The cage is provided with a plurality of pockets for accommodating rolling elements at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction, and a first passage that extends from one end surface in the axial direction of the cage to a wall surface that constitutes the pocket. An oil passage is provided, and the first oil passage is inclined with respect to the rotation axis direction of the cage. As a result, when the cage rotates, the lubricating oil positioned outside in the axial direction of the cage is actively introduced into the oil passage by the oil passage that is inclined along the rotation direction. can do. Accordingly, the lubricating oil can be efficiently passed into the pocket. In addition, the lubricating oil staying in the pocket is positively discharged from the pocket by the efficient passage of the lubricating oil. Therefore, the lubricating oil can be efficiently passed through the pocket of the cage, and the lubricating oil staying in the pocket can be positively discharged out of the pocket. It is possible to configure a roller bearing that ensures rolling.

  According to the present invention, when the cage rotates, the lubricating oil positioned outside in the axial direction of the cage is actively moved into the oil passage by the oil passage that is inclined along the rotation direction. Can be allowed to flow into. Accordingly, the lubricating oil can be efficiently passed into the pocket. Further, the lubricating oil staying in the pocket is positively discharged from the pocket by the efficient passage of the lubricating oil into the pocket. As a result, the lubricating oil can be efficiently passed through the pocket of the cage, and foreign matter such as abrasion powder remaining in the pocket can be discharged to the outside together with the lubricating oil. Smooth rolling of the rolling elements can be ensured.

It is the figure which looked at the retainer concerning one embodiment of this invention from the outer diameter direction. It is the figure which looked at the holder | retainer shown in FIG. 1 from the arrow II in FIG. It is sectional drawing which cut | disconnected the cage shown in FIG. 1 by III-III in FIG. It is the enlarged view to which the area | region IV in FIG. 1 was expanded. It is sectional drawing which looked at a part of needle roller bearing concerning one embodiment of this invention from the direction of a rotation center axis. It is the figure which looked at the retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention from the outer-diameter direction, and is equivalent to FIG. FIG. 7 is a view of the cage shown in FIG. 6 as viewed from an arrow VII in FIG. 6 and corresponds to FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the cage shown in FIG. 6 cut along VIII-VIII in FIG. 6 and corresponds to FIG. FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of an area IX in FIG. 6 and corresponds to FIG. 4. It is the figure which looked at the retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention from the outer-diameter direction, and is equivalent to FIG. FIG. 11 is a view of the cage shown in FIG. 10 as viewed from an arrow XII in FIG. 6 and corresponds to FIG. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the cage shown in FIG. 10 cut along XII-XII in FIG. 10 and corresponds to FIG. It is the enlarged view to which the area | region XIII in FIG. 10 was expanded, and is equivalent to FIG. It is the figure which looked at the retainer which concerns on other embodiment of this invention from the outer-diameter direction, and is equivalent to FIG. It is the figure which looked at the holder | retainer shown in FIG. 14 from the arrow XV in FIG. 14, and is equivalent to FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the cage shown in FIG. 14 cut along XVI-XVI in FIG. 14 and corresponds to FIG. It is the enlarged view to which the area | region XVII in FIG. 14 was expanded, and is equivalent to FIG.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  A cage 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a view of a retainer 11 according to an embodiment of the present invention as seen from the outer diameter direction. 2 is a view of the cage 11 shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the axial direction, and is a view as seen from the arrow II in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the cage 11 shown in FIG. 1 cut along III-III in FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view in which a region IV in FIG. 1 is enlarged. In addition, from the viewpoint of easy understanding, the needle rollers 20 accommodated in the cage 11 are indicated by a one-dot chain line. Moreover, a radial direction shows the direction of the arrow L in FIG. 2 and FIG. An axial direction shows the direction of the arrow N in FIG. 2 and FIG. The circumferential direction is a direction in which the cage 11 rotates around the rotation center axis 70 in FIG. 2, and indicates the direction of the arrow M in FIGS.

  1 to 4, the cage 11 is a needle roller bearing cage that holds a plurality of needle rollers 20. The cage 11 has a plurality of pockets 12 for accommodating the needle rollers 20. The cage 11 includes a pair of annular portions 13 and 14 that are separated in the axial direction, and a plurality of column portions 17 that extend in the axial direction and are connected to the annular portions 13 and 14. One pocket 12 is formed by a space between the pair of opposed annular portions 13 and 14 and the adjacent column portion 17.

  The pocket 12 will be described in more detail. The circumferential end surface 18 positioned on one side in the circumferential direction of the column portion 17 and the circumferential end surface 19 positioned on the other circumferential side of the column portion 17 in the circumferential direction of the pocket 12. Both wall surfaces are formed. The annular portion inner wall surface 15 which is a surface facing the end surface 21 of the needle roller 20 in the annular portion 13 and the annular portion inner wall surface 16 which is a surface facing the end surface 22 of the needle roller 20 in the annular portion 14 are pockets. Twelve axial wall surfaces are formed. The circumferential end surfaces 18 and 19 are guide surfaces facing the rolling surface 27 of the needle roller 20, and have a shape along the rolling surface 27 of the needle roller 20.

  The inner wall surfaces 15 and 16 of the annular portion and the axial end surfaces 28 and 29 which are both end surfaces in the axial direction of the cage 11 are substantially parallel planes each having the axial direction as a normal line. The inner diameter surface 30 of the cage 11 and the outer diameter surface 31 of the cage 11 are circumferential surfaces having a predetermined diameter and extending along the circumferential direction and the axial direction, respectively.

  On the inner diameter side of the circumferential end faces 18, 19, inner diameter side roller stoppers 23, 24 protruding in the circumferential direction from the column portion 17 toward the needle roller 20 and extending in the axial direction are provided. ing. On the outer diameter side of the circumferential end faces 18, 19, the outer diameter protrudes in the circumferential direction from the column portion 17 toward the needle roller 20 and extends over a part of the central portion in the axial direction of the pocket 12. Side roller stops 25 and 26 are provided. When the cage 11 moves in the radial direction, the inner diameter side roller stoppers 23 and 24 or the outer diameter side roller stoppers 25 and 26 come into contact with the rolling surface 27. Thereby, the movement to the radial direction of the holder | retainer 11 is controlled, and the position of the radial direction of the holder | retainer 11 is stabilized. That is, the cage 11 according to this embodiment is a rolling element guide cage. When the needle roller 20 is incorporated in the cage 11, the needle roller 20 is accommodated in the pocket 12 so as to be pushed in from the outer diameter direction by utilizing elastic deformation of the outer diameter side roller stoppers 25 and 26.

  Here, the annular portion 13 is provided with an oil passage hole 32 as a first oil passage having a predetermined diameter penetrating from the axial end surface 28 to the annular portion inner wall surface 15. Further, the annular portion 14 is provided with an oil passage hole 33 as a second oil passage having a predetermined diameter penetrating from the axial end surface 29 to the annular portion inner wall surface 16. First, the oil passage hole 32 provided in the annular portion 13 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  When viewed from the pocket 12 side, the oil passage hole 32 is a through hole that is inclined in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M and penetrates from the inner wall surface 15 of the annular portion to the axial end surface 28. The oil passage hole 32 forms an opening 34 on the axial end surface 28. An opening 35 is formed in the inner wall surface 15 of the annular portion. As described above, when viewed from the pocket 12 side, the oil passage holes 32 are inclined in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M. Therefore, the opening 34 is disposed at a position moved from the circumferential position of the opening 35 to the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M. Further, when the oil passage hole 32 is viewed from the axial direction, the opening 34 and the opening 35 are arranged at substantially the same radial position. In other words, the oil passage hole 32 in this embodiment is a through hole having a predetermined diameter that is inclined in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M from the opening 35 and extends straight to the opening 34 at a position in substantially the same radial direction.

  When the oil passage holes 32 are viewed from the outer diameter direction, the wall surfaces of the oil passage holes 32 are represented as lines 36 and 37, respectively. As described above, the oil passage hole 32 is a through hole that is inclined in the circumferential direction and extends straight. Therefore, the lines 36 and 37 are both straight lines extending from the opening 35 to the opening 34 while being inclined in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M. Further, the center line 71 of the oil passage hole 32 is an imaginary line that inclines in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M from the opening 35 and extends straight to the opening 34. The lines 36 and 37 are parallel to the center line 71.

Here, when viewed from the outer diameter direction, an angle formed by the center line 71 of the oil passage hole 32 and the rotation center axis 70 is defined as θ ₁ . In this embodiment, the oil passage holes 32 are provided so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction so as to satisfy 0 ° <θ ₁ <90 °. Further, the oil passage hole 32 is provided in the retainer 11 so that the opening 35 becomes a region including the rolling axis of the needle roller 20 or a region on the inner wall surface 15 of the annular portion. In FIG. 4, the rolling axis is represented as the same line as the rotation center axis 70. In the present embodiment, the oil passage hole 32 is provided in the cage 11 so as to include the rolling axis of the needle roller 20 in the central region of the opening 35.

  Similar to the oil passage hole 32 provided in the annular portion 13, the oil passage hole 33 penetrating from the axial end surface 29 to the inner wall surface 16 of the annular portion is also provided in the annular portion 14. In this embodiment, the oil passage hole 33 has a shape rotated by 180 ° with reference to a line 68 that passes through the center of the pocket 12 in the axial direction and the circumferential direction and extends in the radial direction. That is, the oil passage holes 32 and 33 are both through holes inclined toward the same circumferential direction and have a substantially rotationally symmetric shape with respect to the line 68.

  Next, a needle roller bearing 38 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a part of the needle roller bearing 38 according to the embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the direction of the rotation center axis 70. Referring to FIG. 5, needle roller bearing 38 includes an outer ring 39, an inner ring 40, a plurality of needle rollers 20 arranged between outer ring 39 and inner ring 40, and a cage shown in FIGS. 11 is provided. The needle roller 20 accommodated in the pocket 12 of the cage 11 contacts the outer diameter surface 42 of the inner ring 40 on the inner diameter side of the needle roller bearing 38, and the inner diameter of the outer ring 39 on the outer diameter side of the needle roller bearing 38. It is in contact with the surface 41. When the needle roller bearing 38 is incorporated in the bearing support mechanism, the inner diameter surface 43 of the inner ring 40 comes into contact with the outer diameter surface of a shaft (not shown) supported by the needle roller bearing 38. Further, the outer diameter surface 44 of the outer ring 39 is in contact with the inner diameter surface of a housing (not shown) in which the needle roller bearing 38 is incorporated. Then, lubricating oil is supplied to the needle roller bearing 38. When the needle roller bearing 38 is operated, the needle roller 20 revolves in the circumferential direction with the outer diameter surface 42 and the inner diameter surface 41 as the raceway surfaces and the rotation center axis 70 as a reference. The cage 11 rotates in the same circumferential direction as the revolution of the needle roller 20 with the rotation center axis 70 as a reference.

  Here, since the needle roller bearing 38 in this embodiment is provided with the retainer 11 having a shape as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the rotation of the retainer 11 is used to rotate the oil passage holes 32 and 33. Lubricating oil can be efficiently passed into and discharged from the pocket 12. This will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  First, the oil passage hole 32 will be described. When the shaft supported by the needle roller bearing 38 rotates in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M in FIGS. 1 to 5, the inner ring 40 that contacts the shaft rotates together with the shaft. Then, the needle roller 20 revolves in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M while rotating. The cage 11 rotates in the same circumferential direction as the revolution of the needle roller 20.

  When viewed from the cage 11, the lubricating oil located near the axial end surface 28 of the cage 11 has an arrow M indicating the rotational direction of the cage 11 and the inner ring 40 due to the influence of the rotation of the inner race 40 and the cage 11. Or in the direction opposite to the arrow M.

  Here, the lubricating oil located near the axial end surface 28 of the cage 11 rotates on the axial end surface 28 of the cage 11 in the circumferential direction opposite to the arrow M when viewed from the cage 11. Think. When the needle roller bearing 38 is in operation, the lubricating oil positioned near the axial end surface 28 passes through the opening 34 positioned forward in the rotational direction and passes rearward in the rotational direction due to the rotation of the cage 11. It tries to flow into the pocket 12 through the oil hole 32. Further, the lubricating oil is discharged from the oil passage hole 33 provided on the other axial side of the pocket 12 and the cage 11.

  Here, the oil passage hole 32 is inclined and extended from the axial end face 28 toward the opposite circumferential direction of the arrow M as described above. That is, the oil passage hole 32 is inclined from the opening 34 along the direction in which the lubricating oil rotates on the axial end surface 28, and penetrates straight to the opening 35. Thus, the flow of the lubricating oil as described above drawn into the pocket 12 by rotation can be guided, and the lubricating oil can be smoothly introduced from the opening 34 into the oil passage hole 32. The lubricating oil that has flowed into the oil passage hole 32 from the opening 34 flows smoothly along the wall surface of the oil passage hole 32 that extends straight, and flows into the pocket 12 from the opening 35. With such a configuration, the retainer 11 can efficiently pass the lubricating oil from the axial end face 28 into the pocket 12 using the rotation of the retainer 11. Further, when the lubricating oil is positively supplied into the pocket 12, the lubricating oil staying in the pocket 12 is positively discharged from the pocket 12. As a result, foreign matter such as wear powder that remains in the pocket due to the operation of the needle roller bearing 38 is discharged to the outside together with the lubricating oil. Therefore, smooth rolling of the needle rollers 20 accommodated in the cage 11 can be ensured.

  Furthermore, in the retainer 11 in this embodiment, the annular portion 14 is inclined to the same circumferential side as the oil passage hole 32 when viewed from the radial direction, and passes through the annular portion inner wall surface 16 to the axial end surface 29. An oil hole 33 is provided. The oil passage hole 33 is inclined toward the circumferential direction of the arrow M, which is the rotation direction of the cage 11, and communicates with the pocket 12 when viewed from the axial end surface 29. Therefore, contrary to the above case, when the lubricating oil rotates on the axial end surface 29 in the circumferential direction of the arrow M as viewed from the cage 11, the lubricating oil is efficiently transferred from the axial end surface 29 into the pocket 12. Lubricating oil can be passed through.

  Thus, in the cage 11 according to this embodiment, the oil passage holes 32 that are the first oil passages and the oil passage holes 33 that are the second oil passages at both axial ends of the cage 11. And these two oil passages are inclined in the same circumferential direction as viewed from the radial direction. Thereby, even when the retainer 11 rotates in the direction of one side or the other side in the circumferential direction, the lubricating oil positioned on the outer side in the axial direction of the retainer 11 is inclined along the circumferential direction. The flowing oil passage can efficiently flow into and out of the oil passage. Therefore, since the circulation of the lubricating oil in the pocket 12 is promoted, in addition to the effect of efficient lubrication of the lubricating oil into the pocket 12, foreign matter such as wear powder accumulated in the pocket 12 over time is removed from the pocket 12. The effect of discharging can be increased.

  Next, a cage 45 according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a view of a retainer 45 according to another embodiment of the present invention as seen from the outer diameter direction, and corresponds to FIG. FIG. 7 is a view of the retainer 45 shown in FIG. 6 as viewed from the axial direction, as seen from the arrow VII in FIG. FIG. 7 corresponds to FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the retainer 45 shown in FIG. 6 cut along VIII-VIII in FIG. 6, and corresponds to FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the region IX in FIG. 6 and corresponds to FIG. In addition, from the viewpoint of easy understanding, the needle rollers 20 accommodated in the cage 45 are indicated by a one-dot chain line. Moreover, a radial direction shows the direction of the arrow L in FIG. 7 and FIG. An axial direction shows the direction of the arrow N in FIG. 6 and FIG. The circumferential direction is a direction in which the retainer 45 rotates around the rotation center axis 70 in FIG. 7, and indicates the direction of the arrow M in FIGS.

  Referring to FIGS. 6 to 9, the retainer 45 is arranged in the radial direction of the retainer 45 in the vicinity of the opening on the axial end surface 28 of the oil passage hole 32 in the retainer 11 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. This is a cage in which a second oil passage region 46 is provided by a notch that is recessed from the axial end face 28 toward the inner side of the cage 45. Similarly, in the vicinity of the opening on the axial end surface 29 of the oil passage hole 33, a notch recessed from the axial end surface 29 toward the inner side of the retainer 45 over the radial direction of the retainer 45 causes A double oil passage area 47 is provided.

  First, the second oil passage area 46 will be described. When the cage 45 is viewed from the outer diameter direction, the second oil passage region 46 forms a corner portion 50 having a predetermined angle with the axial end surface 28 on the circumferential direction side indicated by the arrow M from the oil passage hole 32. A wall surface 48 extending from the cage inner diameter surface 30 to the cage outer diameter surface 31 and a surface substantially parallel to the line 37, from the cage inner diameter surface 30 to the cage outer diameter surface 31. It is formed by the wall surface 49 extended over. By providing the second oil passage region 46, the opening portion 34 of the oil passage hole 32 formed on the axial end surface 28 becomes an opening portion 51 formed on the wall surface 48. On the axial end surface 28, an opening 52 that is an opening of the second oil passage region 46 having a surface area larger than that of the opening 34 is formed. Therefore, when the retainer 45 is operated, the lubricating oil flowing into the pocket 12 first flows into the second oil passage area 46 from the opening 52. Next, the fluid flows from the opening 51 into the oil passage hole 32 which is the first oil passage region, and flows into the pocket 12 from the opening 35.

Here, when the cage 45 is viewed from the outer diameter direction, if the angle formed by the rotation center axis 70 and the line representing the wall surface 48 in FIG. 9 is θ ₂ , the second oil passage region 46 is 0 °. The retainer 45 is provided so as to satisfy <θ ₁ <θ ₂ <90 °. Similarly to the second oil passage region 46 provided on the axial end face 28 side, the second end oil passage area 46 also has a second recess portion that is recessed from the axial end face 29 toward the inner side of the cage 45, thereby An oil passage area 47 is provided. The second oil passage region 47 has a shape rotated by 180 ° with reference to a line 68 that passes through the center of the pocket 12 in the axial direction and the circumferential direction and extends in the radial direction. That is, the second oil passage regions 46 and 47 have a substantially rotationally symmetric shape with respect to the line 68.

By providing such second oil passage regions 46 and 47, it is possible to increase the efficiency with which the lubricating oil flows into the oil passage hole 32 or the oil passage hole 33 when the cage 45 is operating. That is, considering the case where the lubricating oil rotates on the axial end face 28 in the circumferential direction opposite to the arrow M, the lubricating oil is formed by the wall surface 48 inclined at the angle θ ₂ and the axial end face 28. From the corner portion 50, it flows more easily into the second oil passage region 46 along the wall surface 48 and is accumulated in the second oil passage region 46. Then, the lubricating oil that has flowed into the second oil passage region 46 is guided by the wall surface 49 and the wall surface 48 and flows more efficiently into the oil passage hole 32 from the opening 51. When the lubricating oil is rotating on the axial end surface 28 in the circumferential direction of the arrow M, as described above, the second oil passage region 47 and the oil passage hole 33 provided on the axial end surface 29 side. In, the same effect can be obtained. With such a configuration, the circulation of the lubricating oil in the pocket 12 is further promoted. Therefore, in addition to the effect of more efficient lubrication of the lubricating oil into the pocket 12, foreign matter such as wear powder accumulated in the pocket 12 over time is removed from the pocket 12 and the oil passage hole into which the lubricating oil actively flows. The effect of draining together with the lubricating oil from the oil passage hole provided on the other side in the axial direction can be further enhanced.

  Next, a cage 53 according to still another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 10 is a view of a cage 53 according to still another embodiment of the present invention as seen from the outer diameter direction, and corresponds to FIG. FIG. 11 is a view of the cage 53 shown in FIG. 10 as viewed from the axial direction, as seen from the arrow XI in FIG. FIG. 11 corresponds to FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the cage 53 shown in FIG. 10 taken along the line XII-XII in FIG. 10, and corresponds to FIG. FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a region XIII in FIG. 10 and corresponds to FIG. In addition, from the viewpoint of easy understanding, the needle roller 20 accommodated in the cage 53 is indicated by a one-dot chain line. Moreover, a radial direction shows the direction of the arrow L in FIG. 11 and FIG. An axial direction shows the direction of the arrow N in FIG. 10 and FIG. The circumferential direction is a direction in which the cage 53 rotates around the rotation center axis 70 in FIG. 11, and indicates the direction of the arrow M in FIGS.

  Referring to FIGS. 10 to 13, the retainer 53 is a recessed portion recessed from the retainer inner diameter surface 30 toward the inward side of the retainer 53 in the annular portion 13, from the axial end surface 28 to the annular portion inner wall surface 15. In the oil passage 54 as the first oil passage passing therethrough and in the annular portion 14, the concave portion is recessed from the cage inner surface 30 to the inside of the cage 53, and from the axial end surface 29 to the annular portion inner wall surface 16. And an oil passage groove 55 as a second oil passage that penetrates to the end.

  First, the oil passage groove 54 will be described. When viewed from the pocket 12 side, the oil passage groove 54 is a through groove that inclines in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M and penetrates from the inner wall surface 15 of the annular portion to the axial end surface 28. The opening 56 of the oil passage groove 54 is formed from a substantially U-shaped wall surface on the axial end surface 28. Further, the opening 57 of the oil passage groove 54 is formed from a substantially U-shaped wall surface in the annular portion inner wall surface 15. As described above, when viewed from the pocket 12 side, the oil passage groove 54 is inclined in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M. Therefore, the opening 56 extends from the circumferential position of the opening 57 to the arrow M. It arrange | positions in the position which moved to the circumferential direction side shown. That is, the oil passage groove 54 in this embodiment is a through groove having a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional shape that extends from the opening 57 to the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M and extends straight to the opening 56.

  The oil passage groove 54 extends along the axial direction and is connected to the wall surface 60 constituting the wall surface on the outer diameter side of the oil passage groove 54 and the wall surface 60 at substantially right angles on both sides in the circumferential direction of the wall surface 60. It is formed with the wall surfaces 58 and 59 which comprise the wall surface of the direction both sides. Since the oil passage groove 54 is a through groove inclined in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M as described above, when the oil passage groove 54 is viewed from the outer diameter direction, the wall surfaces positioned at both ends in the circumferential direction of the oil passage groove 54. 58 and 59 are represented as lines extending linearly as shown in FIG. The center line 72 of the oil passage groove 54 is an imaginary line that inclines in the circumferential direction indicated by the arrow M from the opening 57 and extends straight to the opening 56. As shown in FIG. 13, the lines representing the wall surfaces 58 and 59 are substantially parallel to the center line 72.

Here, when viewed from the outer diameter direction, an angle formed by the center line 72 of the oil passage groove 54 and the rotation center axis 70 is defined as θ ₃ . In this embodiment, the oil passage groove 54 is provided to be inclined in the circumferential direction so as to satisfy 0 ° <θ ₃ <90 °. Further, the oil passage groove 54 is provided in the cage 53 so that the rolling axis of the needle roller 20 overlaps the region of the opening 57 when viewed from the outer diameter direction. In FIG. 13, the rolling axis is represented as the same line as the rotation center axis 70.

  Similar to the oil passage groove 54 provided in the annular portion 13, the oil passage groove 55 penetrating from the axial end surface 29 to the annular portion inner wall surface 16 is also provided in the annular portion 14. In this embodiment, the oil passage groove 55 has a shape rotated by 180 ° with reference to a line 68 that passes through the center in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the pocket 12 and extends in the radial direction. That is, the oil passage grooves 54 and 55 are both through grooves inclined toward the same circumferential direction, and have a substantially rotationally symmetric shape with respect to the line 68. In addition, since it is the same as that of the holder | retainer 11 shown in FIGS. 1-4, about a structure other than the oil flow grooves 54 and 55, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  When the cage 53 configured as described above is used as a roller bearing, the cage 53 can be efficiently transferred to the pocket 12 by utilizing the rotation of the cage 53 as in the cage 11 shown in FIGS. Lubricating oil can be passed and discharged. That is, when the lubricating oil rotates on the axial end surface 28 in the circumferential direction opposite to the arrow M, the cage 53 has an oil passage groove 54 that is inclined along the rotational direction of the lubricating oil. Lubricating oil can be efficiently passed through the pocket 12 using the rotation. Therefore, smooth rolling of the needle rollers 20 accommodated in the cage 53 can be ensured.

  Furthermore, the retainer 53 in this embodiment is inclined in the annular portion 14 toward the same circumferential direction as the oil passage groove 54 when viewed from the outer diameter direction, and passes through the annular portion inner wall surface 16 to the axial end surface 29. An oil groove 55 is provided. Therefore, contrary to the above case, when the lubricating oil rotates on the axial end surface 29 in the circumferential direction of the arrow M as viewed from the cage 53, the lubricating oil is efficiently introduced into the pocket 12 from the axial end surface 29. Lubricating oil can be passed through.

  Thus, the retainer 53 according to this embodiment includes an oil passage groove 54 that is a first oil passage and an oil passage groove 55 that is a second oil passage at both axial ends of the retainer 53. And these two oil passages are inclined in the same circumferential direction when viewed from the outer diameter direction. As a result, when the cage 53 rotates in any direction on one side or the other side in the circumferential direction, the lubricating oil located on the axial end surface of the cage 53 is directed in any direction in the circumferential direction. In the case of rotation, the lubricating oil located outside the cage 53 in the axial direction can be efficiently introduced into the oil passage groove by the oil passage groove inclined along the circumferential direction. . Thereby, the circulation of the lubricating oil in the pocket 12 is further promoted. Therefore, in addition to the effect of efficient lubrication of the lubricating oil into the pocket 12, foreign matter such as wear powder accumulated in the pocket 12 over time, the pocket 12 and the shaft of the lubrication groove into which the lubricating oil actively flows. The effect of discharging the lubricating oil together with the lubricating oil from the oil passage groove provided on the other side in the direction can be enhanced.

  Next, a cage 61 according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 14 is a view of a retainer 61 according to another embodiment of the present invention as seen from the outer diameter direction, and corresponds to FIG. FIG. 15 is a view of the cage 61 shown in FIG. 14 as seen from the axial direction, as seen from the arrow XV in FIG. FIG. 15 corresponds to FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the retainer 61 shown in FIG. 14 cut along XVI-XVI in FIG. 14, and corresponds to FIG. FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of a region XVII in FIG. 14 and corresponds to FIG. In addition, from the viewpoint of easy understanding, the needle rollers 20 accommodated in the cage 61 are indicated by a one-dot chain line. The radial direction indicates the direction of the arrow L in FIGS. 15 and 16. An axial direction shows the direction of the arrow N in FIG. 14 and FIG. The circumferential direction is a direction in which the cage 61 rotates around the rotation center axis 70 in FIG. 15, and indicates the direction of the arrow M in FIGS.

  Referring to FIGS. 14 to 17, the retainer 61 has a radial direction of the retainer 53 in the retainer 53 shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 in the vicinity of the opening on the axial end surface 28 of the oil passage groove 54. The second oil passage area 62 is a retainer provided by a notch that is recessed from the axial end face 28 toward the inward side of the retainer 53. Similarly, in the vicinity of the opening on the axial end surface 29 of the oil passage groove 55, a notch recessed from the axial end surface 29 toward the inner side of the retainer 53 over the radial direction of the retainer 53 causes A two oil passage area 63 is provided.

  First, the second oil passage area 62 will be described. When the cage 61 is viewed from the outer diameter direction, the second oil passage region 62 forms a corner 64 having a predetermined angle with the axial end surface 28 on the circumferential direction side indicated by the arrow M from the oil passage groove 54. The wall surface 65 extending in the radial direction from the cage inner diameter surface 30 to the wall surface 60, and the wall surface 65 located on the other circumferential side of the wall surface 65, and constituting the wall surface on the other circumferential side of the oil passage groove 54. The wall surface 59 is connected to the wall surfaces 65 and 59 at a substantially right angle, and is formed by a wall surface 60 constituting the outer diameter side wall surface of the oil passage groove 54. By providing the second oil passage region 62, the opening 56 of the oil passage groove 54 formed on the axial end surface 28 becomes an opening 66 formed on the wall surface 65. On the axial end face 28, an opening 67, which is an opening of the second oil passage area 62, having a larger surface area than the opening 56 is formed. Therefore, when the retainer 61 is operated, the lubricating oil flowing into the pocket 12 first flows into the second oil passage area 62 from the opening 67. Next, the fluid flows from the opening 66 into the oil passage groove 54 that is the first oil passage region, and flows from the opening 57 into the pocket 12.

Here, when the cage 61 is viewed from the outer diameter direction and the angle formed by the rotation center axis 70 and the line representing the wall surface 65 in FIG. 17 is θ ₄ , the second oil passage area 62 is 0 ° <θ _The holder 61 is provided so as to satisfy ₃ <θ ₄ <90 °. Similarly to the second oil passage area 62 provided on the axial end face 28 side, the second end oil passage area 62 also has a second notch recessed from the axial end face 29 toward the inner side of the retainer 61. An oil passage area 63 is provided. The second oil passage region 63 has a shape rotated by 180 ° with reference to a line 68 that passes through the center in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the pocket 12 and extends in the radial direction. That is, the second oil passage regions 62 and 63 have a substantially rotationally symmetric shape with respect to the line 68.

By providing such second oil passage regions 62 and 63, the lubricating oil can flow in the oil passage groove even when the retainer 61 is operating in the direction of the arrow M or the reverse direction of the arrow M. 54 or the oil flow groove 55 can be increased in efficiency. That is, considering the case where the lubricating oil rotates on the axial end surface 28 in the circumferential direction opposite to the arrow M, the lubricating oil has an angle formed by the wall surface 65 inclined by the angle θ ₄ and the axial end surface 28. From the portion 64, it flows more easily into the second oil passage area 62 along the wall surface 65 and is accumulated in the second oil passage area 62. The lubricating oil that has flowed into the second oil passage region 62 is guided by the wall surface 59 and the wall surface 65, and flows more effectively into the oil passage groove 54 from the opening 66. Further, in the case where the lubricating oil rotates on the axial end surface 28 in the circumferential direction of the arrow M, as described above, in the second oil passage region 63 and the oil passage groove 55 provided on the axial end surface 29 side, Similar effects can be obtained. With such a configuration, the circulation of the lubricating oil in the pocket 12 is further promoted. Accordingly, in addition to the effect of more efficient lubrication of the lubricating oil into the pocket 12, foreign matter such as wear powder accumulated in the pocket 12 over time is removed from the pocket 12 and the oil passage groove into which the lubricating oil actively flows. The effect of discharging together with the lubricating oil from the oil passage groove provided on the other side in the axial direction can be further enhanced.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the oil passage is formed by a through hole or a through groove extending straight has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the oil passage has a shape including a plurality of curved surfaces and planes. Alternatively, the shape may be a combination of a hole and a groove.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the oil passage hole is a substantially circular through hole having a predetermined diameter has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the through hole formed in a rectangular shape may be used. It may be a through hole formed from a curved surface or a flat surface.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the oil passage groove is a substantially U-shaped groove constituted by the wall surfaces 58, 59, and 60 that extend substantially at right angles has been described. An oil passage groove may be provided in the cage so as to form an arcuate wall surface in which 58, 59, 60 are continuously connected. Moreover, the wall surface which comprises an oil passage groove | channel may have a some curved surface and plane.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where one first oil passage and one second oil passage are provided for each pocket has been described. A plurality of one oil passage or second oil passages may be provided for one pocket. Further, the plurality of first oil passages or second oil passages may be provided so as to be inclined so that the angles defined as θ ₁ or θ ₃ in the above embodiment are different from each other.

  In the above embodiment, the first oil passage and the second oil passage are provided on both sides of the cage in the axial direction, and both the oil passages are in the same circumferential direction. Although the case where it inclines was demonstrated, it is not restricted to this, The oil passage may be provided only in the one side of the axial direction of a holder | retainer. Further, in the case where oil passages are provided on both sides in the axial direction of the cage, the oil passages may be provided inclined toward different circumferential directions. In this case, when the lubricating oil rotates to one side in the circumferential direction, more lubricating oil can be allowed to flow into the pocket.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the wall surface constituting the second oil passage area is a plane has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the wall surface may be composed of an arc surface, a plurality of curved surfaces, or a plane. Good.

  In addition, the oil passage may be in communication with one of the wall surfaces constituting the pocket, and may be further in communication with any position on the wall surface.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Various modifications and variations can be made to the illustrated embodiment within the same range or equivalent range as the present invention.

  The cage and roller bearing according to the present invention are advantageously used for bearings that require smooth rolling of the rollers.

  11, 45, 53, 61 Cage, 12 pocket, 13, 14 annular part, 15, 16 annular part inner wall surface, 17 column part, 18, 19 circumferential end face, 20 needle roller, 21, 22 needle roller end face, 23, 24 Inner diameter side roller stopper, 25, 26 Outer diameter side roller stopper, 27 Rolling surface, 28, 29 Axial end surface, 30 Cage inner diameter surface, 31 Cage outer diameter surface, 32, 33 Oil passage hole, 34 , 35, 51, 52, 56, 57, 66, 67 Opening, 36, 37, 68 wire, 38 Needle roller bearing, 39 Outer ring, 40 Inner ring, 41, 43 Inner surface, 42, 44 Outer surface, 46 , 47, 62, 63 Second oil passage area, 48, 49, 58, 59, 60, 65 Wall surface, 50, 64 corners, 54, 55 oil passage groove, 70 Rotation center axis, 71, 72 Center line.

Claims (9)

A substantially cylindrical cage for holding a plurality of rolling elements,
A plurality of pockets for accommodating the rolling elements are provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction,
At least one first oil passage that extends from an end surface on one side in the axial direction of the cage to a wall surface that constitutes the pocket is provided;
The cage, wherein the first oil passage is inclined in a circumferential direction with respect to a rotation axis direction of the cage. The retainer is further provided with at least one second oil passage that communicates from the other end surface in the axial direction of the retainer to the wall surface that constitutes the pocket.
The cage according to claim 1, wherein the second oil passage is inclined in the circumferential direction with respect to a rotation axis direction of the cage.   The cage according to claim 2, wherein both the first and second oil passages are inclined in the same direction.   The retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the oil passage includes a through hole.   The retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the oil passage includes a through groove that is recessed from a surface on one side in a radial direction of the retainer toward an inward side of the retainer. The oil passage is located on the wall surface side of the pocket and is inclined at a first angle, and one end face of the retainer than the first oil passage area. A second oil passage region located on the side and inclined at a second angle greater than the first angle,
The cage according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the second oil passage region is configured by a surface extending in a radial direction from a surface positioned in a radial direction of the cage. The rolling element is a roller,
The pocket is composed of a pair of circumferential wall surfaces facing the rolling surface of the roller accommodated in the pocket, and a pair of axial wall surfaces facing the end surface of the roller,
The retainer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the oil passage passes through the wall surface in the axial direction among the wall surfaces constituting the pocket.   The cage according to claim 7, wherein an opening area in the axial wall surface of the oil passage is an area including a rolling axis of the roller. Outer ring,
Inner ring,
A plurality of rollers as the rolling elements disposed between the outer ring and the inner ring;
A roller bearing having a substantially cylindrical shape holding the plurality of rollers,
The retainer is provided with a plurality of pockets for accommodating the rolling elements at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction,
A first oil passage that communicates from one end face in the axial direction of the cage to the wall surface constituting the pocket is provided;
The first oil passage is a roller bearing that is inclined in a circumferential direction with respect to a rotation axis direction of the cage.

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