JP2011152059A - Plant growth system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant growth system for controlling the influence on a human body which approaches surroundings of adjacent nontarget crops or target crops and capable of appropriate supplemental lighting for planted plants. <P>SOLUTION: The plant growth system includes: a light source part in which a light source for supplemental lighting is provided for irradiating light in the desired wavelength region to a growth region of a plant; and shading means for shading the wavelength region of the light source for supplemental lighting in surroundings of the plant. The plant growth system has means for irradiating light to the planted plants and shading means for shading the wavelength region of the light source for supplemental lighting in surroundings of the plant. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant growing system, and more particularly to a plant growing system used for promoting the growth of planted plants.

  Conventionally, when cultivating plants indoors, artificial light supplementation has been performed to eliminate chronic lack of sunshine, improve quality and control growth, or reduce disease . For example, there has been proposed a plant breeding system in which lighting devices are installed at positions above, laterally, and below a plant so as to irradiate artificial light uniformly over a relatively densely planted plant (for example, , See Patent Document 1).

  In the field of plant growth, there is a method of irradiating supplementary light in addition to sunlight to improve quality and control growth. For example, Patent Literature 2 proposes a cultivation method for solanaceous plants, and Patent Literature 3 proposes a cultivation method and apparatus for root vegetables.

  However, although the supplementary light source for the crop is suitable for the target crop in the growing region Ra, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the supplementary light source unit via the translucent wall 130 of the greenhouse. In some cases, light from 120 leaks into the surrounding region Rb, and delays heading of adjacent non-target crops such as rice. Moreover, when the light source for supplementary light contains ultraviolet rays, there is a concern about the influence on the human body approaching the periphery of the target crop.

JP 2005-328702 A JP 2007-282544 A JP 2006-340689 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and suppresses the influence on the human body approaching the periphery of the adjacent non-target crop or target crop, and performs appropriate supplementary light on the planted plant. An object is to provide a possible plant breeding system.

The plant growing system of the present invention includes a light source that irradiates light in a desired wavelength region to a plant growing region, and a light shielding unit that shields the wavelength region of the light source for supplementary light around the plant, and is planted A light shielding means for shielding the wavelength region of the light source for supplementary light is provided around the plant that irradiates light to the plant.
According to this configuration, it is possible to suppress irradiation of supplementary light other than the target crop while performing appropriate supplemental light according to the growth state of the planted plant. In this way, because it is equipped with a light-shielding means, it can be used to effectively irradiate the lower part of plants that are not normally exposed to light and tend to be wet, while preventing the impact on other crops. By suppressing or appropriately applying light stress, it becomes possible to efficiently perform supplementary light for enhancing resistance to diseases and suppressing onset.

In the plant growing system according to the present invention, the light shielding means includes a switching means, and is configured to be able to switch between a non-light shielding state and a light shielding state.
With this configuration, it is possible to switch between the non-light-blocking state and the light-blocking state. Therefore, when the light from the supplementary light source does not adversely affect the non-target plant, the non-target plant is set to the non-light-blocking state. In addition to utilizing light leakage to the target plant, it is possible to capture the sunlight to the target plant and the light from the surroundings without being blocked, thereby realizing efficient light irradiation.

In the plant growing system according to the present invention, the light shielding unit is configured by a movable louver, and the switching unit realizes opening and closing of the light shielding unit by adjusting an angle of a light shielding piece of the movable louver. Is.
With this configuration, not only external light but also wind can be captured by opening and closing the louver.

In the plant growing system according to the present invention, the light shielding unit is configured by a liquid crystal panel, and the switching unit energizes the electrodes of the liquid crystal panel so as to switch the liquid crystal panel between a light transmitting state and a light shielding state. To do.
With this configuration, the liquid crystal panel is switched between a light-transmitting state and a light-blocking state by turning the liquid crystal on and off, so that it can be switched between a non-light-blocking state and a light-blocking state without mechanical movement, realizing extremely high controllability and high-speed switching. Is done. Furthermore, the light source unit can be configured in a small size, light can be emitted from between plants planted in close proximity, power can be supplied while supplementing light, and maintenance is facilitated.

In the plant growing system according to the present invention, the switching unit is configured such that the light blocking unit is in a light blocking state when the supplementary light source is turned on.
With this configuration, the light source for supplementary light is configured to be in a light-shielding state only when the supplementary light source is turned on, so that it is possible to efficiently use external light for both the target plant and the non-target plant.

In the plant growing system according to the present invention, the light shielding unit includes a dimming mirror that adjusts light from the light source, and an irradiation range of light from the light source according to a situation around the plant. Is configured to be adjustable.
With this configuration, it is possible to efficiently distribute the light simply by adjusting the reflecting surface of the light control mirror, and thus it is possible to provide a highly reliable plant growing system.

According to the present invention, since the light-shielding means is disposed around the target crop to be supplemented and shields at least light from the supplementary light source, irradiation of supplementary light to other than the target crop is avoided. can do. Further, by making the light shielding means switchable, it is possible to use external light.
By using such a plant growing system, it is possible to grow a desired plant adjacent to light sensitive plants or plant regions having different light supplement conditions.

The figure which shows the plant cultivation system which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. The figure which shows the plant cultivation system which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows when a light source part is OFF, (b) is a figure which shows when a light source part is ON. The figure which shows the plant growing system which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows when a light source part is OFF, (b) is a figure which shows when a light source part is ON. The figure which shows the plant growing system which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows when a light source part is OFF, (b) is a figure which shows when a light source part is ON. The figure which shows the plant breeding system of the conventional example

  Hereinafter, a plant breeding system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a plant growing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the plant growing system 1 according to the present embodiment is attached to a rail portion 10 continuously stretched so as to irradiate the plant P with light from above the plant P. In order to prevent light from the light source unit 20 and light from the light source unit 20 from leaking outside, the light source unit 20 includes a light shielding member 30 surrounding the target plant P. The light source unit 20 is controlled to be turned on by a power source unit (not shown).

  The rail part 10 has a guide function for installing the light source part 20 at a desired position, and is composed of two round bar-like rails having a length of several tens of cm to 1 m arranged in parallel.

  As described above, the plant growing system according to the present embodiment uses the light source unit 20 composed of LEDs having a wavelength region of far-red light having a wavelength of 700 nm to 750 nm as a supplementary light source around the plant P, and this plant growing region. Is provided with a light shielding member 30 as a light shielding means for shielding light in this wavelength region.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to suppress irradiation of supplementary light other than the target crop while performing appropriate supplemental light according to the growth state of the planted plant. The light L from the light source unit 20 is shielded by the light shielding member 30 and does not reach the surroundings. Thus, since the cylindrical light-shielding member 30 is provided as the light-shielding means, light is not easily applied to the lower part of the plant which is usually difficult to get light while preventing the influence on other than the target crop. It is possible to efficiently perform supplementary light for increasing resistance to diseases and suppressing onset of disease by suppressing drying of plants or appropriately applying light stress.

  Here, as the light source unit, a light source that emits light in a desired wavelength region is used so as to be a light source for supplementing the crop. In the case of a tomato, it is desirable to use an LED having a wavelength region of far-red light with a wavelength of 700 nm to 750 nm as described above, and it is desirable to use an LED that emits blue light with a wavelength of 400 nm to 450 nm at night. In the case of an eggplant, it is desirable to cover with sunlight a cover member having a filter function that reduces far-red light having a wavelength of 700 nm to 750 nm from sunlight under low daylight conditions.

  As the light shielding member 30, a panel installed around the crop belt is used. Further, it is desirable to use a light shielding member 30 containing a pigment that absorbs the wavelength region of the light source for supplementary light, a light shielding member containing a substance that cuts the wavelength region of the light source for supplementary light, or the like.

The light shielding member is not limited to a material, and a resin can also be used. For example, vinyl chloride, silicon resin, fluorine resin and the like that are resistant to ultraviolet rays are desirable. Furthermore, it is more desirable that a metal plate such as iron is provided inside the vinyl chloride in order to increase the strength.
In addition, various phthalocyanine pigments (blue, purple, green, yellow) and UV absorbers such as benzophenone, benzotriazole, and benzoate are kneaded or coated with resin film etc. according to the light source for supplementary light. May be.
Furthermore, the infrared cut member can be formed by evaporating a metal thin film such as an aluminum thin film on the glass surface.

(Embodiment 2)
FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing a schematic configuration of a plant growing system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. (A) is a figure at the time of light extinction, (b) is a figure which shows at the time of lighting.

In the present embodiment, the light shielding unit includes a switching unit, and is configured to be able to switch between a non-light shielding state and a light shielding state.
That is, in the plant growing system 2 of the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the light shielding means switches the liquid crystal panel 31 to the light transmitting state and the light shielding state. A control unit 21 is provided as switching means for energizing the electrodes of the liquid crystal panel 31. In addition, this control part 21 is comprised so that lighting control may also be performed by switching the electric power feeding to a light source part.
As with the first embodiment, the light source unit is composed of the light source unit 20 attached to the rail unit 10 that is continuously stretched to irradiate the plant P with light from above the plant P planted. Then, the lighting control is performed by the control unit 21, and the ON / OFF of the liquid crystal panel 31 is controlled in conjunction with this.

  This liquid crystal panel is a TN (Twisted Nematic) method, and when the voltage is OFF, as shown in FIG. 2A, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned horizontally and transmit light from the light source unit 20 to make the screen white. In addition, the light Lo from the outside such as sunlight is also transmitted, and the light Lo from the outside is irradiated to the growing region Ra. On the other hand, when a voltage is gradually applied in this state, the liquid crystal molecules rise vertically and when the maximum voltage is reached, the light Li from the light source unit 20 is shielded as shown in FIG. Acts as a light shielding means. Accordingly, the light from the light source unit 20 is selectively irradiated only to the growing region Ra, and the light from the light source unit 20 is not irradiated to the peripheral region Rb.

  In this way, since it is possible to switch between the non-light-shielding state and the light-shielding state, the light-shielding state can be achieved when the light is turned off, and the light-shielding state can be obtained only when the light is turned on. In addition, when the light from the light source unit as the light source for supplementary light does not adversely affect the non-target plant, it is possible not only to use light leakage to the non-target plant but also to the target plant. Sunlight and light from the surroundings can be taken in without blocking, and efficient light irradiation can be realized.

  With this configuration, the liquid crystal panel is switched between a light-transmitting state and a light-blocking state by turning the liquid crystal on and off, so that it can be switched between a non-light-blocking state and a light-blocking state without mechanical movement, realizing extremely high controllability and high-speed switching. Is done. Furthermore, the light source unit can be configured in a small size, light can be emitted from between plants planted in close proximity, power can be supplied while supplementing light, and maintenance is facilitated.

In the above embodiment, a TN liquid crystal panel is used. However, the present invention can also be applied to a VA (Vertical Alignment) liquid crystal panel or an IPS (In-Place-Switching) liquid crystal panel. In this case, the light shielding state occurs when the voltage is OFF, and the non-light shielding state occurs when the voltage is ON.
Moreover, the light quantity of sunlight can be adjusted by using this light-shielding member also on a ceiling.

(Embodiment 3)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are diagrams showing a schematic configuration of a plant growing system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. (A) is a figure at the time of light extinction, (b) is a figure which shows at the time of lighting.

In the present embodiment, the light shielding means is constituted by a movable louver 32, and the light shielding piece 32a of the louver realizes opening and closing of the light shielding means by adjusting the angle by the control unit 21 as a switching means. .
That is, as shown in FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b), the plant growing system 3 of the present embodiment includes a movable louver 32 in which the light shielding means is composed of a plurality of rotatable light shielding pieces 32a, and this movable louver. The control unit 21 is provided as a switching unit that can adjust the angle of 32 and gradually switch from a light transmitting state to a light blocking state. In addition, this control part 21 is comprised so that lighting control may also be performed by switching the electric power feeding to a light source part.

  In the plant growing system 3, when the light source unit 20 is OFF, as shown in FIG. 3A, the light shielding piece 32a of the movable louver 32 is opened, and external light Lo such as sunlight is transmitted through the gap. The growth region Ra is irradiated with light Lo from the outside. On the other hand, when the light source unit 20 is turned on, the light shielding piece 32a of the movable louver 32 is closed, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the light Li from the light source unit 20 is shielded and acts as a light shielding unit. Accordingly, the light from the light source unit 20 is selectively irradiated only to the growing region Ra, and the light from the light source unit 20 is not irradiated to the peripheral region Rb. Here, the inner side of the light shielding piece 32a constitutes a reflection surface, and the light hitting the light shielding piece 32a is reflected and hits the plant P again.

With this configuration, not only external light but also wind can be captured by opening and closing the louver.
In this way, since it is possible to switch between the non-light-shielding state and the light-shielding state, the light-shielding state can be achieved when the light is turned off, and the light-shielding state can be obtained only when the light is turned on. In addition, when the light from the light source unit as the light source for supplementary light does not adversely affect the non-target plant, it is possible not only to use light leakage to the non-target plant but also to the target plant. Sunlight and light from the surroundings can be taken in without blocking, and efficient light irradiation can be realized. In addition, a switching unit is provided so that switching between a non-light-shielding state and a light-shielding state is possible.
Moreover, the light quantity of sunlight can be adjusted by using this light-shielding member also on a ceiling.

(Embodiment 4)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are diagrams showing a schematic configuration of a plant growing system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. (A) is a figure at the time of light extinction, (b) is a figure which shows at the time of lighting.

In the present embodiment, the light shielding means is constituted by the light control mirror 33, and the light distribution from the light source unit to the surrounding area is controlled by adjusting the angle of the light control mirror 33.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, the plant growing system 4 of the present embodiment adjusts the angle of the dimming mirror 33 that can rotate the light shielding means and the dimming mirror 33 to adjust the light source. It is characterized by comprising a control unit 21 as switching means capable of switching the light distribution from the state where light from the unit 20 is distributed to the surrounding region Rb and switching the light-shielding state where the light is reflected to the growing region Ra. It is. In addition, this control part 21 is comprised so that lighting control may also be performed by switching the electric power feeding to a light source part.

  In this plant growing system 4, unlike the first to third embodiments, the growing area has no light shielding means or the like, and external light such as sunlight is irradiated regardless of whether the light source unit 20 is on or off. The And when the light source part 20 is OFF, as shown to Fig.4 (a), the light control mirror 33 is accommodated in the rail part 10, and is in the state in which only natural light is irradiated. On the other hand, the light control mirror 33 is set when the light source unit 20 is turned on, and the optical path is adjusted so that the light Li from the light source unit 20 does not reach the surrounding area as shown in FIG. Yes.

  With this configuration, there is nothing that restricts the taking in of external light, and natural wind can be taken in.

  In the first to fourth embodiments, the light source unit 20 includes an LED chip to which power is supplied from a power supply unit (pad) via a bonding wire mounted on a pad on the substrate surface, and the whole is sealed with a transparent resin. Formed.

  The substrate is relatively hard and transparent, or is formed of a light-transmitting resin such as glass, polycarbonate, acrylic, and vinyl chloride, for example, of a white type diffusion type or a type that hardly diffuses. The power feeding unit is made of a conductive material such as copper or aluminum.

Moreover, the LED chip which comprises a light source part is not limited to what was used in the said embodiment, It receives light supply via the control part 21, and light-emits, and the wavelength and light which are required for the plant P Irradiates light having intensity. For example, when aiming at disease control of plant P, it is desirable that UV-B having a central wavelength from 280 nm to 315 nm is included, and the light intensity thereof is 50 μw / cm ² or less in the vicinity of plant P. .

  In addition, when the purpose is to actively form flower buds of plant P, it is light containing at least a far-infrared color having a peak at a wavelength of 700 nm to 800 nm in its wavelength region, and further when photosynthesis is promoted. An LED including at least a red color having a peak at an emission wavelength of 600 nm to 700 nm is used.

  Furthermore, when aiming at lowering the plant height of the plant P, an LED containing at least a blue color having a peak at an emission wavelength of 400 nm to 500 nm is used.

  In addition, tube lighting lamps such as incandescent bulbs, halogen bulbs, fluorescent lamps, and high-intensity discharge lamps can be used in place of LED chips. Long-life elements such as elements are suitable.

  Depending on the type of plant, there is a problem that when the light is irradiated at night, the flower buds are not formed or the growth is delayed. In this case, the power is automatically turned off at night by a timer.

  About the kind of plant, the irradiation light quantity required for it, and the wavelength of irradiation light, since it was announced to some extent until now, it is necessary to confirm the light quantity and wavelength of the light which the plant P requires properly in the cultivation field.

  As described above, according to such a plant growing system according to the embodiment of the present invention, light leakage to the surrounding area can be prevented, and it is useful as a highly reliable plant growing system.

1, 2, 3, 4 Plant rearing system 10 Rail portion 20 Light source portion 21 Control portion 30 Light shielding member 31 Liquid crystal panel 32 Movable louver 32a Light shielding piece 33 Light control mirror P Plant

Claims (6)

A light source unit including a light source for supplementary light that irradiates light in a desired wavelength region to a plant growth region;
A light shielding means for shielding the wavelength region of the light source for supplementary light around the plant,
A plant breeding system that emits light to planted plants. The plant growing system according to claim 1,
The shading means is
Comprising switching means,
A plant breeding system configured to be switchable between a non-light-shielding state and a light-shielding state. The plant growing system according to claim 2,
The light shielding means is composed of a movable louver,
The plant switching system, wherein the switching means realizes opening and closing of the light shielding means by adjusting an angle of a light shielding piece of the movable louver. The plant growing system according to claim 2,
The light shielding means is composed of a liquid crystal panel,
The said switching means is a plant growing system provided with the electricity supply part which supplies with electricity to the electrode of the said liquid crystal panel so that the said liquid crystal panel may be switched to a translucent state and a light-shielding state. The plant growing system according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
The plant switching system, wherein the switching unit is configured such that the light blocking unit is in a light blocking state when the supplementary light source is turned on. The plant growing system according to claim 2,
The light shielding means includes a dimming mirror that adjusts light from the light source,
A plant breeding system configured to be capable of adjusting an irradiation range of light from the light source according to a situation around the plant.

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