JP2011149557A - Seal ring - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seal ring made of a synthetic resin and generating a lubrication film on the whole surface of a seal face without affected by burr formed in molding. <P>SOLUTION: In an abutment portion constituted of opposed abutments 121, 121' of the seal ring having a rectangular cross-section, the abutments 121, 121' are provided with a protrusion 122 on one of two rectangular cross-sectional parts possessed on an outer diameter face side of the seal ring when the abutment is divided into four rectangular cross-sectional parts by connecting central portions of two opposite sides of four sides of the rectangular cross section, a cut portion receiving the protrusion 122 is provided in the other of the two rectangular cross-sectional parts on the outer diameter face side, and the cut portion of the one abutment 121' is formed at a position where the protrusion of the other opposed abutment 121 is fitted. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a seal ring, and more particularly to an oil seal ring of a heat-resistant synthetic polymer used for sealing hydraulic oil for an automatic transmission of an automobile or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the seal ring 1 is generally mounted in the circumferential groove 3 of the shaft 2, and seals by pressing the outer peripheral seal surface of the seal ring 1 against the inner peripheral surface 4 ′ of the cylinder 4. The circumferential groove 3 is sealed by pressing one of the sealing surfaces 5 against the inner wall of the circumferential groove 3.

  In the case of a device in which the shaft 2 rotates, sliding frictional resistance and wear occur between the seal surface 5 and the inner wall of the circumferential groove 3, and therefore a seal ring 1 as shown in FIGS. Has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

  These seal rings 1 have lubrication grooves 6 and 7 formed on the seal surface 5, and a lubricating film is formed on the seal surface 5 by introducing a liquid to be sealed into the lubrication grooves 6 and 7. Is. Further, a straight cut or angle cut type seal ring as shown in FIG. 16 may have a leak amount of about 300 to 600 cc / min or more depending on specifications and conditions.

  In addition, in the case of an angle cut mating shape seal ring, if the ambient temperature changes from low to high during use, the amount of the mating will change due to the thermal expansion of the seal ring, and the leak amount of the seal will become unstable. There was also.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-88062

  However, the lubricating grooves 6 and 7 are open on the inner peripheral side of the seal surface 5 but are closed on the outer peripheral side so as not to impair the sealing performance of the seal surface 5. For this reason, since the outer peripheral portion of the seal surface 5 is in close contact with the inner surface of the peripheral wall 3 over the entire peripheral surface, it is difficult to form a lubricating film. As a result, when the shaft 2 is a soft material such as an aluminum alloy, the seal surface 5 is worn by relative rotation between the seal ring 1 and the shaft 2, or the shaft 2 is a material with low wear resistance such as aluminum. In some cases, the inner surface of the peripheral wall 3, for example, the seal surface 5 may be worn.

  Accordingly, a first object of the present invention is to improve the wear resistance of the seal ring itself or the mating member by maintaining a sealing property of the seal ring while allowing a lubricating film to be formed on the entire seal surface. .

  On the other hand, the cross-sectional shape of the conventional seal ring 1 is a square or a rectangle as a whole, and when such a seal ring 1 is formed of synthetic resin, the mating surface 9 of the mold 8 is one side surface 10 of the seal ring 1. And a corner portion between the outer peripheral surface 11 (that is, one end of the outer peripheral surface 11). With this setting, the burr 12 at the time of molding is generated at a position deviated from both the side surface 10 and the outer peripheral surface 11, and since the generated position is a corner portion, the burr 12 is easily removed. It is a thing.

  However, in order to achieve the first object described above, when the lubricating groove 19 penetrating in and out is formed in order to form a lubricating film on the entire sealing surface, this is injection molded by the mold 8 as described above. Then, since the burr 12 closes the lubricating groove 19, a seal ring that achieves the purpose cannot be obtained.

  Accordingly, a second object of the present invention is to provide a seal ring capable of generating a lubricating film on the entire seal surface without being affected by burrs during molding in a synthetic resin seal ring. To do.

  A third object is to provide a seal ring having a stable leak amount at both low and high temperatures.

  It is a fourth object of the present invention to provide a seal ring made of a sliding material having good sliding characteristics.

  In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides a seal ring in which a seal surface is formed on both side surfaces of the ring, and a minute lubricating groove in a range that does not impair the sealing performance is formed on the seal surface. A configuration provided in a penetrating manner from the periphery to the periphery is employed.

  According to the above configuration, since the liquid to be sealed leaks through the lubrication groove, a lubricating film over the entire width of the seal surface is formed by relative rotation with the mating member. Maintained.

  In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides step portions larger than the depth of the lubricating groove between the ring side surfaces and the outer peripheral surface and between the ring side surfaces and the inner peripheral surface. Adopted.

  According to said structure, since a burr | flash arises in the position away from the lubrication groove | channel by the height of the level | step-difference part, it is avoided that a lubrication groove | channel is obstruct | occluded by a burr | flash.

  Furthermore, in order to achieve the third object, in the abutment portion composed of the opposed abutments of the seal ring having a rectangular cross section, the abutment is the center of two opposite sides of the 4 sides of the rectangular cross section. When the portion is divided into four rectangular cross sections, a protrusion is provided on one of the two rectangular cross sections on the outer diameter surface side of the seal ring, and the two rectangular cross sections on the outer diameter surface side A cutout portion for receiving the protrusion is provided in the other rectangular cross section of the portion, and the cutout portion of the other mating hole is formed at a position where the projection of the one mating mating face is fitted.

  In addition, an interval in a range that does not impair the sealing performance is provided between the tip surface of the projection and the stepped surface of the notch facing the projection.

  Further, the abutting surfaces formed by the two rectangular cross-sectional portions on the inner diameter surface side of the seal ring of the respective mating ports are parallel to each other, and when the facing mating ports are butted, the butting surface of one mating port The abutting surface of the other abutment is provided with a gap in a range that does not impair the sealing performance. Furthermore, on the outer diameter surface side of the seal ring, the outer diameter surface side gap between the tip surface of the protrusion and the stepped surface of the notch facing the protrusion, and the inner diameter surface of the seal ring The inner diameter surface side gap between the abutting surface of the one abutment and the abutting surface of the other abutment is equal to each other, or the outer diameter surface side gap is longer than the inner diameter surface side gap. It was a gap.

  Since the predetermined mating engagement portion is formed, the sealing performance can be maintained. In addition, since the predetermined interval is provided, even if the joint is closed carelessly, an excessive force is not applied to the outer peripheral surface protrusion, and a defect can be prevented.

  Furthermore, in order to achieve the fourth object, a resin composition containing 90 to 50% by weight of a thermoplastic aromatic heat-resistant synthetic polymer and 10 to 50% by weight of a reinforcing fiber is obtained.

  Since the seal ring of the present invention is as described above, the seal surface liquid leaks inward and outward so that the sealing target liquid does not impair the sealing performance through the lubrication groove. By rotation, a lubricating film is formed over the entire circumference of the seal surface.

  For this reason, the lubricity over the entire sealing surface is improved, the wear resistance is improved, and the mating material is not worn.

  In addition, by forming the stepped portion at the four corners, the burr at the time of injection molding does not block the lubrication groove, and the sliding contact area with the mating material is reduced by the amount of the stepped portion. There is a reduction effect.

  Furthermore, a seal ring having a stable leak amount from a low temperature to a high temperature can be provided, and by using a specific material, a seal ring having excellent sliding characteristics can be provided.

  Moreover, since the seal ring having the above-mentioned excellent sliding characteristics can be obtained, it can be used for an automatic transmission such as a transmission having a hydraulic fluid clutch.

(A-1) Front view of the first embodiment, (a-2) Front view of another embodiment, (b) Partially enlarged front view of (a-1), (c) Partially enlarged plane same as the above. , (D) (b) sectional view taken along line dd, (e) (b) sectional view taken along line ee, and (f) (d) partial cylinder enlarged sectional view. Sectional view during molding of the first embodiment (A) A partially enlarged front view of the second embodiment, (b) a sectional view of the same. (A) Partially enlarged front view of the third embodiment, (b) Cross section same as above (A) (b) Cross-sectional views of other examples of the seal ring (A) Partially enlarged front view of Comparative Example 1, (b) BB line sectional view same as above (A) Comparative Example 2 partially enlarged front view, (b) Cross-sectional view taken along the line bb of the above. (A) Enlarged sectional view of the conventional example in use, (b) Enlarged sectional view during molding (A) Partially enlarged front view of a conventional example, (b) Cross-sectional view of the above (A) Partially enlarged front view of another conventional example, (b) Cross-sectional view of the above Front view showing an example of the oil seal ring of the present invention Sectional view showing heat setting treatment of oil seal ring (A) Front view showing another example of the oil seal ring of the present invention, (b) Partially enlarged front view of the same, (c) Partially enlarged plan view of the same, (d) d- in FIG. d line sectional view, (e) sectional view taken along line ee of (b), (f) (d) partially enlarged sectional view of (d) figure (A) The partial front view which shows an example of the joint of the oil seal ring of this invention, (b) The partial enlarged plan view same as the above, (c) The partial perspective view same as the above FIG. 14 is a partial perspective view in which a step portion is provided. (A) A partial front view showing another example of a joint of a conventional oil seal ring, (b) a partially enlarged plan view of the same. Longitudinal sectional view explaining the rotation tester A graph showing the relationship between the joint shape and leak Graph showing the relationship between the amount of oil leakage and durability in the sealability test A graph showing the relationship between the amount of oil leakage and temperature in the sealability test

  An oil seal ring using the above-described sliding material in oil obtained by molding a composition comprising a heat-resistant synthetic polymer will be described.

  First, a seal ring is injection-molded into a shape having an abutment and having no radial overlap between the two, and a molded product is obtained. This method can be obtained by using a normal method. As shown in FIG. 11, the obtained seal ring has a gap between the mating ports 105 facing each other, and this seal ring 104 is slightly shifted from the center of the entire length of the seal ring 104. It is obtained by injection molding from a mold having a gate 107 which is a material injection position 106 at a position (about ± 10 ° to ± 30 °).

  This is because stress when assembling the seal ring to the seal groove of the mating member is concentrated in the center of the entire length, so that the injection position 106 is slightly shifted from the center in order to avoid stress concentration in the gate portion. It is arranged. In particular, in a seal ring having a step cut shape in the mating shape, if the gate position is shifted by ± 10 ° to ± 30 ° from the center of the total length of the seal ring, heat fixing after molding or incorporation of the seal ring into the piston Even when the step cut projection length is sometimes increased or closed, it is possible to alleviate the application of a large force to the gate portion.

  Specifically, in order to avoid stress concentration, the range of ± 1 ° at both ends of the substantially central portion of the entire length of the seal ring is avoided, and ± 1 to ± 30 °, preferably ± 3 to ± 30 °, more preferably ± 10. An injection position or a gate position may be provided in a range of ˜ ± 30 °. Also, the injection position and the gate position are preferably only one as shown in each figure in order to eliminate the weld portion where the mechanical strength is weakened.

  Such a seal ring has a ring outer diameter of 25 mm or more, preferably 30 mm or more, or a value exceeding these outer diameter dimensions (the upper limit is not particularly limited, but 200 mm or less, preferably 100 mm or less), The width is 3 mm or less, preferably 2.5 mm or less (the lower limit value is not particularly limited, but is 1 mm or more, preferably 1.5 mm or more). Suitable for diameter seal rings. Since the resin material has a high melt viscosity unlike, for example, polyacetal, the conventional problem can be solved by applying the present invention to such a seal ring.

  After the above injection molding, next, as shown in FIG. 12, the injection molded product 101 obtained by the above method is used as a ring gauge by using a jig made of a synthetic resin or rubber cylindrical body 102 and a ring gauge 103. The cylindrical body 102 is inserted inside the injection molded product 101. The resin constituting the cylindrical body 102 is a substance having a higher thermal expansion coefficient than the ring gauge 103, for example, a resin having a higher thermal expansion coefficient than the ring gauge 103 or a polymerized substance such as an elastomer, and is molded by thermal expansion when heated. A forcing force is applied from the inside of the product 101. In the case of an elastomeric polymer, if the rubber hardness (Hs) is about 60 to 100, preferably about 65 to 90, good elastic forcing is obtained, which is considered preferable. If the rubber hardness is too high, it is too hard, so it is difficult to insert the cylindrical body 102 inside the injection-molded product 101. If the rubber hardness is too low, it is too soft, so that it is difficult to obtain an appropriate elastic force.

  Next, the entire jig is placed in an electric furnace or the like, and heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the glass transition point of the base resin of the injection molded product 101, and the injection molded product 1 is fixed by heat.

  Although the seal ring obtained in this way can be used as it is, there may be a problem such as catching at the time of sliding of the corner part, and supply of the lubricant may be a problem. In such a case, if necessary, the corner may be chamfered, a stepped portion may be provided, or a lubricating groove may be provided. An example in which such an arrangement is provided is shown in FIG. FIGS. 13A to 13F show the seal ring 110 having the structure of the joint 119 having a complicated shape according to the present invention. The shape of the abutment 119 can take a desired shape according to the purpose. The seal surface 111 on one side surface of the ring 110 is formed with a lubricating groove 112 penetrating from the inner periphery side to the outer periphery side at approximately three equal positions, and the seal surface 121 on the other side surface is slightly shifted. A similar lubricating groove 112 is formed.

  These lubrication grooves 112 are fine ones having a depth of about 0.1 mm and a width of about 0.1 mm, and even if they are provided at 1 to 5 locations, preferably 1 to 3 locations as shown in the figure, the sealing performance is not impaired. . Further, a chamfered portion 113 is provided at the opening end of the lubricating groove 112 on the seal surface 111 side.

  Further, the lubrication groove 112 is preferably trapezoidal as shown in FIG. 13C, and the angle θ formed by the seal surface 111 and the surface of the lubrication groove 112 at the boundary between the seal surface 111 and the lubrication groove 112 is an obtuse angle, that is, , More than 90 ° and less than 180 °, and more than 90 ° and less than 120 °, and preferably 120 ° to 135 °, depending on the specifications. Further, by adjusting the angle θ, the area of the opening end of the arbitrary lubricating groove 112 can be obtained, and burrs generated when using a mold can be easily removed by barrel processing.

  The lubrication groove 112 passes through the lubricant and leaks the seal surface on the side surface of the ring inward and outward to the extent that the sealing performance is not impaired. Therefore, a lubricating film over the entire width of the seal surface is formed by relative rotation with the counterpart material. Is done. For this reason, the lubricity over the entire seal surface is improved, the wear resistance is improved, and the mating material is not worn. Further, when the surrounding lubricant is reduced, the lubricant is replenished, and smooth rotation is maintained over a long period of time.

  As shown in FIG. 13 (a), the lubricating groove 112 is formed by shifting the position from each other in the range of 1 to 180 °, preferably 3 to 60 °, more preferably 5 to 30 ° on both side surfaces 111 of the ring. Good. If the angle is too small, the grooves approach each other, the thickness of the portion decreases, and the mechanical strength cannot be expected. If the angle is too large, it interferes with other lubrication grooves and joints.

  As shown in FIGS. 13D and 13E, the cross-sectional shape of the seal ring 110 is a stepped portion between the side seal surfaces 111 and the outer peripheral surface 114 and between the side seal surfaces 111 and the inner peripheral surface 115, respectively. 116 is provided. As shown in FIG. 13 (f), the stepped portion 116 includes a right-angle surface 117 with respect to the seal surface 111, a right-angle surface 117 ′ with respect to the outer peripheral surface 114, and an inclined surface 118 formed between both right-angle surfaces 117 and 117 ′. The height h of the stepped portion 116 is higher than the depth of the lubricating groove 112.

  The height h of the step 116 is not particularly limited, but is about 5 to 50%, preferably about 5 to 25% of the length in the radial direction of the rectangular cross section of the seal ring 110 or the length in the axial direction. %, More preferably about 5 to 10%, and it is preferably provided on one or both sides of the seal ring 110. Specifically, the lower limit of the height h of the stepped portion 116 is preferably 0.05 mm, preferably 0.1 mm, and more preferably 0.2 mm. The upper limit is preferably 0.5 mm, preferably 0.4 mm, and more preferably 0.3 mm. Any numerical range described above may be selected in a range exceeding the lower limit value and less than the upper limit value.

  If the height h of the step is too small, there is a possibility of causing a malfunction when a shift between the movable mold and the fixed mold in a long-term use of the mold occurs in a relatively short cycle. Since the area of the seal portion of the seal ring, so-called seal land, is reduced, reliable and good sealing characteristics cannot be expected.

  By the way, the shape of the joint 119 can be any of a so-called straight cut type, step cut type, etc., depending on the purpose, place of use, etc. Most preferably, the shape of the joint of each of the above shapes. More complicated shapes than those shown in FIGS. 1 and 13 of the present invention. Below, the joint of FIG. 14 is demonstrated first.

  FIGS. 14A, 14B, and 14C show the joints 121 and 121 'having one mold as the joints having a complicated shape of the present invention. The mating ports 121 and 121 ′ are composed of an outer diameter surface side protrusion 122 and an outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127, and the outer diameter surface side projection 122 and outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127 of both the mating ports 121 and 121 ′ The radial surface side step portion 127 and the outer diameter surface side protrusion 122 are complementarily fitted with a certain gap, and will be described in more detail as follows.

  In the joint portion composed of the facing joints 121 and 121 ′ of the seal ring having a rectangular cross section, the joint ports 121 and 121 ′ connect the center portions of the two opposite sides of the four sides of the rectangular cross section. When dividing into four rectangular cross sections, a protrusion 122 is provided on one rectangular cross section (shaded portion A in FIG. 14C) of the two rectangular cross sections on the outer diameter surface 131 side of the seal ring. A notch for receiving the projection, that is, an outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127 is provided in the other rectangular section of the two rectangular sections on the outer diameter surface 131 side. Further, the notch portion of the other mating port 121 ′, that is, the outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127 is formed at a position where the projection 122 of the one facing mating port 121 is fitted, and the mating ports 121 and 121 are formed. 'Can be fitted.

  Further, the front end surface 129 of the protrusion 122 and the cutout portion opposite to the protrusion 122, that is, the step surface 128 of the outer diameter surface side step portion 127 may be in contact with each other, but the sealing performance is impaired between them. You may have a space | interval in the range which is not. By having this space | interval, the load of the said protrusion 122 can be suppressed.

  Further, in the abutment portion composed of the facing abutments 121 and 121 ′ of the seal ring having a rectangular cross section, the two aforesaid rectangular cross section portions on the inner diameter surface side of the seal ring of the respective abutments 121 and 121 ′. The butted surfaces 130 (shaded portions B in FIG. 14C) are parallel to each other, and when the facing mating ports 121 and 121 ′ are butted, the mating surface 130 of one mating port 121 and the other mating port 121 are. The abutting surface 130 can be provided when the seal ring is molded and annealed so as to have a gap in a range that does not impair the sealing performance. Thereby, it can use as a lubrication groove at the time of use of this seal ring.

  Furthermore, in the joint portion formed by the facing joints 121 and 121 ′ of the seal ring having a rectangular cross section, the seal ring is on the outer diameter surface 131 side, and the tip surface of the projection 122 and the projection 122 are opposed to each other. Facing notch, that is, the outer diameter surface side gap between the step surface 128 of the outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127 and the inner diameter surface side of the seal ring, the butted surface of the one mating port and the other mating surface The inner diameter surface side gap between the butted surfaces of the mouths may be equal, or the outer diameter surface side gap may be longer than the inner diameter surface side gap. In this way, the load on the protrusion 122 can be suppressed.

  The length of the protruding portion is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01 to 0.1 times the developed length of the seal ring in terms of strength and the like. In this way, even if the mating portions are overlapped, the thickness of the seal ring does not become larger, and uneven wear such as contact of only the mating portions does not occur.

  In addition, the length of the gap is not particularly limited, but the gap on the inner diameter surface side and the outer diameter surface side may be 0.001 to 0.01 times the developed length of the seal ring. preferable. In particular, since the gap on the outer diameter surface side affects the reference of the sliding dimension, it is more preferable to set the gap within the above range.

  In addition, as for one mating port 121, the tip on the inner diameter surface side of the portion where the outer diameter surface side protrusion 122 protrudes in the circumferential direction from the ring main body and the portion where the recess forming the outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127 extends in the opposite direction. If this surface is referred to as a butting surface 130, the outer diameter surface side protrusion 122 is divided into one side when the abutting surface 130 is divided into left and right sides, and the inner and outer sides (the inner diameter of the ring body 111). The outer diameter surface 131 of the outer diameter surface side projection 122 is formed so as to be continuous with the outer surface of the ring body without a step and to have the same curvature. The

  In addition, when the protrusion lengths of the pair of protrusions 122 with respect to the butting surfaces 130 are equal to each other, when the seal ring is incorporated into a piston or the like, the protrusions of the protrusions 122 protrude on both the hydraulic pressure side and the exhaust pressure side. The length is equal. Therefore, the seal ring can be efficiently and quickly incorporated into the piston or the like without considering the directionality.

  Further, the outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127 is provided on the other side surface and outer diameter side when the abutting surface 130 is equally divided into right and left and inner and outer sides, and the inner surface 132 of the outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127. Is formed to have the same curvature as the inner diameter surface of the ring body.

  The other mating port 121 ′ is formed in a form complementary to the above mating port 121, and both the mating ports 121 and 121 ′ are fitted to each other with a certain gap, and the seal ring has a substantially round shape. Eggplant.

  Further, the joints 121 and 121 'may be provided with a chamfered portion or a fillet as desired. The chamfered portion may have an arc shape (also referred to as a round) having a predetermined curvature, but may have a curvature of 0, that is, a chamfered shape (also referred to as a chamfer) with a slope. Such a chamfered portion can take, for example, a shape whose curvature changes continuously in various ways. By providing the chamfered portion or fillet, the protruding amount between the mating ports 121 and 121 'or between the mating port and the mating member becomes zero or less, so that local contact can be prevented. .

  Examples of the chamfered portion and fillet that can be provided at the mating holes 121 and 121 'include the following. Chamfer 123 between the front end surface 129 of each outer diameter surface side protrusion 122 and its outer diameter surface 131, and chamfer between the step surface 128 of each outer diameter surface side step portion 127 and the outer diameter surface 131 of the ring body. Portion 123 ′, chamfered portion 124 at the boundary between each outer diameter surface side projection 122 and tip surface 129 and inner surface 133 of outer diameter surface side projection 122, and tip surface 129 and outer diameter surface side of each outer diameter surface side projection 122 Chamfered portion 124 ′ at the boundary with the inner diameter side surface 136 of the protrusion 122, the inner surface 132 of each outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127, the chamfered portion 124 ″ at the boundary with the abutting surface 130, and the step between each outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127. The fillet 125 ′ is rounded at the boundary between the surface 128 and the inner side surface 133 of the outer diameter surface side protrusion 122, or the boundary between the step surface 128 of each outer diameter surface side stepped portion 127 and the outer diameter surface side stepped portion inner surface 132 is rounded. A fillet 125 can be provided, with the aforementioned corner portion Corresponding chamfered corner portion other than the portion to be shaped, or fillet may have a shape that was added.

Furthermore, in order to prevent contact between the mating ports 121 and 121 ′, the inner diameter side surface 136 of the outer diameter surface side protrusion 122 and the inner surface of the outer diameter surface side cutout 127 of the other mating port 121 ′ or 121 facing this. A predetermined gap g <b> ₁ can be provided between the terminal 132 and the terminal 132. By doing so, the amount by which the outer diameter surface side protrusion 122 protrudes toward the outer diameter surface side of the seal ring is further reduced.

The dimensional tolerance of the thickness direction of the outer diameter surface side protrusion 122 and the outer surface side step 127 also can be absorbed by the gap g _1, to the outer surface side of each of said outer diameter surface side protrusion 122 Prevent protrusion.

It is also possible to also between the inner surface 133 mutually facing each other of each of the outer diameter surface side projections 122 of both abutments 121 and 121 'provided a predetermined gap g _2. The gap g ₂ absorbs dimensional tolerance in the width direction of each of the outer diameter surface side projection 122, prevents projecting to both side surfaces of each of the outer diameter surface side protrusion 122.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 15, a stepped portion 135 can be provided at the boundary between the outer diameter surface 131 or the inner diameter surface 137 and the side surface 134 of the ring body. The size of the stepped portion 135 may be in a range that maintains the sealing performance of the seal ring.

The gaps g ₁ and g ₂ are not particularly limited, but are about 5 to 50%, preferably about 5 to 25% of the radial length or axial length of the rectangular cross section of the seal ring. More preferably, it is about 5 to 10% and is preferably provided on one or both sides of the seal ring. Specifically, the gaps g ₁ and g ₂ have a lower limit of 0.05 mm, preferably 0.1 mm, and more preferably 0.2 mm. The upper limit is preferably 0.5 mm, preferably 0.4 mm, and more preferably 0.3 mm. Any numerical range described above may be selected in a range exceeding the lower limit value and less than the upper limit value.

  By the way, the shape of the chamfered portion or the fillet portion may be either a curvature or a slope, but a more preferable shape is a chamfered shape of curvature. The size of the chamfered portion or fillet portion near the minimum value is about 5% to 50%, preferably about 5% to 25%, of either the axial dimension or the radial dimension of the seal ring cross section. It is. If this value is too small, it is conceivable that the mating member will be damaged when there is a slight amount of protrusion at the abutment portion.

  On the other hand, the dimension near the maximum value of the shape of the chamfered portion or the fillet portion of the curvature or slope is about 5 to 5 of any of the outer diameter of the seal ring, the inner diameter, or the diameter of the intermediate portion thereof. It may be about 50%, preferably about 25 to 50%. If this value is too large, the effect of providing a chamfered portion is weakened, and only a chamfered portion that is substantially equivalent to the curvature of the outer peripheral diameter of the seal ring can be formed. I can't expect to reduce it. In any case, the dimension of the chamfered portion may be in the range of more than or less than these minimum values and less than or less than these maximum values.

  And, at least one or more of these, preferably 3 or more, preferably the shape of the joint of the present invention, the groove shape of the side surface, and the stepped shape of the boundary portion between the outer diameter surface and inner diameter surface of the ring body and the side surface. A seal ring satisfying all types of forms, and a seal ring of the composition material of the present invention can provide a seal ring with considerably superior performance.

(Seal ring material)
Examples of the heat-resistant synthetic polymer used in the seal ring of the present invention include the following.

(1) Any one of resins 90 to 50 selected from the group consisting of polyether ketone resins such as polyether-ether ketone resins, polyether nitrile resins, wholly aromatic thermoplastic polyimide resins, or polyamide 4-6 resins. 10% to 50% by weight of reinforcing fiber such as carbon fiber, 2 to 25% by weight of a lubricity-imparting agent such as fluororesin if necessary, and 10 to 40% by weight of powdered talc if necessary. Resin composition.
(2) Any one of resins 90 to 50 selected from the group consisting of polyether ketone resins such as polyether-ether ketone resins, polyether nitrile resins, wholly aromatic thermoplastic polyimide resins, or polyamide 4-6 resins. 10% to 50% by weight of reinforcing fiber such as carbon fiber, 2 to 25% by weight of a lubricity-imparting agent such as fluorine resin if necessary, and 10 to 40% by weight of powdered calcium compound if necessary. A resin composition.

Also, depending on the specifications and applications,
(3) A resin composition comprising 30 to 82% by weight of the heat resistant synthetic polymer, 5 to 45% by weight of reinforcing fiber such as carbon fiber, and 2 to 25% by weight of a lubricity imparting agent such as fluorine resin.
(4) A resin composition comprising 30 to 82% by weight of the heat-resistant synthetic polymer, 5 to 45% by weight of reinforcing fiber such as carbon fiber, 2 to 25% by weight of fluorine resin and 10 to 40% by weight of powdered talc. .
(5) 30 to 82% by weight of the heat-resistant synthetic polymer, 5 to 45% by weight of reinforcing fiber such as carbon fiber, 2 to 25% by weight of fluorine resin, 10 to 40% by weight of powdered talc, and molybdenum disulfide 1 A resin composition containing 10% by weight.
(6) A mixture of 10 to 40% by weight of calcium powder filler instead of 10 to 40% by weight of the above powdery talc.
(7) A blend of 5 to 45% by weight of aromatic polyamide fiber instead of 5 to 45% by weight of the carbon fiber.
(8) 5 to 45% by weight of aromatic polyamide fiber is blended in place of 5 to 45% by weight of the carbon fiber, and 10 to 40% by weight of calcium powder filler in place of 10 to 40% by weight of powdered talc. % Resin composition.

  The details will be described below. Thermoplastic aromatic polyether ketone resin (hereinafter referred to as PEK resin) such as polyether ether ketone resin (hereinafter referred to as PEEK) used in the present invention, polyether nitrile resin (hereinafter referred to as PEN), all An aromatic thermoplastic polyimide resin (hereinafter referred to as TPI) or a polyamide 4-6 resin (hereinafter referred to as PA4-6) is used as a molding base material for an oil seal ring. Such a synthetic resin has excellent mechanical properties, electrical properties, and chemical resistance in addition to high heat resistance and flame resistance, and well-known resins that are commercially available can be employed. . That is, as specific examples, PEEK manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals Co., Ltd .: VICTREX-PEEK150P, PEK resin manufactured by Victrex Co., Ltd .: VICTREX-PEK220G, PEN manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd .: ID300, TPI manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Co., Ltd .: Aurum 450 And PA46 manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd .: Stanyl TW300 and the like can be exemplified. The blending ratio of any one resin selected from the group consisting of PEK resin such as PEEK, PEN, TPI, or PA46 is 90 to 50% by weight. This is because a small amount of less than 50% by weight results in a decrease in strength, and a large amount of more than 90% by weight is not preferable because the reinforcing effect by the filler cannot be obtained, resulting in poor wear resistance. Because.

  As a PEK resin such as PEEK used in the present invention, a ketone polymer having a melting point of 330 ° C. or higher can be used without limitation. The PEK resin contains both an ether bond (—O—) and a ketone bond (—CO—) and is bonded to an aromatic ring. Examples of the structure are represented by the following (Chemical Formula 1) to (Chemical Formula 4). Resins having units can be mentioned. These are crystalline resins. These (Chemical Formula 1) to (Chemical Formula 4) may be copolymerized with (Chemical Formula 5) and (Chemical Formula 6) as necessary, but all the bonds between the ether group or the ketone group are A thermoplastic wholly aromatic polyetherketone resin bonded with an aromatic ring is preferable because of its excellent heat resistance.

  These PEK resins are excellent in mechanical, electrical properties, chemical resistance, and thermal dimensionality, and can be used as oil seal rings at high temperatures such as heat shrinkage and automatic transmission. It is suitable for the case where it is used at a high temperature with an abutment-shaped seal ring requiring little dimensional accuracy.

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Among the above resins, the resin of (Chemical Formula 1) has a glass transition point (Tg) of about 165 ° C. and a melting point (Tm) of 365 ° C. As a typical example, Victrex-PEK 220G manufactured by Victrex Limited. (Product name). In addition, the glass transition point (Tg) of the resin of (Chemical Formula 2) is about 150 ° C., and the melting point (Tm) is 334 to 337 ° C. As a typical example, Victrex-PEEK150P (trade name) manufactured by Victrex Is mentioned. Further, the glass transition point (Tg) of the resin of (Chemical Formula 3) is about 160 ° C., and the melting point (Tm) is 360 to 380 ° C. As a typical example, HOSTATEC (trade name) manufactured by Hoechst, Germany Can be mentioned. Furthermore, the glass transition point (Tg) of the resin of (Chemical Formula 4) is about 170 to 175 ° C., and the melting point (Tm) is 375 to 381 ° C. As a typical example, BSF, Germany Manufactured by: ULTRA PEK-A1000 (trade name).

  The PA 46 is a linear aliphatic polyamide represented by the following chemical formula 7, and a well-known resin manufactured industrially by a polycondensation reaction of diaminobutane and adipic acid can be adopted.

  Such polyamide 4-6 resin has lubricity, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance generally provided by polyamide, and has tensile strength compared to polyamide 6 resin and polyamide 6-6 resin, It is more excellent in mechanical strength such as bending strength and bending elastic modulus and heat resistance. As a commercial item of polyamide 4-6 resin, Nippon Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. product: Stanyl TW300, Unitika Co., Ltd. product: F5001 etc. can be mentioned.

  Next, examples of the reinforcing fiber in the present invention include a carbon-based fiber, and a carbon-based fiber as an example thereof is preferably a pitch-based or PAN-based carbon fiber, and has an average fiber diameter of 1 to 25 μm, preferably Is 5 to 20 μm and has an aspect ratio of 1 to 80, preferably 5 to 50. This is because when the average fiber diameter is less than 1 μm, the fibers are aggregated and uniform dispersion is difficult, and when the average fiber diameter is more than 20 μm, the soft mating material is worn. This is because the reinforcing effect is deteriorated and the mechanical characteristics are deteriorated. On the other hand, when it exceeds 80, uniform dispersion at the time of mixing is extremely difficult, which impairs the wear characteristics and causes a decrease in quality.

  Specifically, the carbon-based fiber that is an example of the carbon-based fiber used in the present invention is a rayon-based fiber as long as it can withstand a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, preferably 1200 to 1500 ° C. that is currently widely used. It can be used regardless of the type of raw material such as polyacrylonitrile, lignin-poval mixture, special pitch. The shape may be a long or short single fiber, or may be a product shape such as a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, a yarn, or a string that has undergone primary processing such as cloth, felt, paper, yarn, or the like. .

  The material is not particularly limited, and may be any of pitch, PAN, and carbon. For example, the fiber diameter is 1 to 25 μm, preferably 4 to 20 μm, the fiber length is about 0.01 to 1 mm, A thickness of 0.01 to 0.5 mm is preferable because it is uniformly dispersed in the resin composition and sufficiently reinforced.

  Taking into account the mechanical properties such as moderate elastic modulus and tensile strength, the aggressiveness to the mating material such as cylinders and pistons, the fluidity of the resin composition during molding, etc., the carbon fiber diameter is 5-14 μm on average The fiber length is preferably 0.01 to 0.3 mm.

  These fibers may be broken during melt-kneading, injection molding, or the like, and may be shortened.

  The carbon-based fiber is produced by firing various organic polymer fibers as described above to an average of about 1000 to 3000 ° C. This structure is mainly composed of a carbon atom hexagonal network plane. As the one in which the mesh plane is arranged almost parallel to the fiber axis, there are PAN-based and liquid crystal pitch-based carbon fibers having high orientation and anisotropy. On the other hand, the mesh plane is gathered randomly. An example is a pitch-based carbon-based fiber having isotropic properties.

  Highly oriented, anisotropic carbon fibers are highly superior in elasticity and tensile strength in a specific direction, and isotropic carbon fibers are relatively resistant to loads from all directions. sell.

  A pitch-based carbon fiber is, for example, an isotropic pitch-based carbon fiber that is amorphous in structure such as petroleum pitch produced as a by-product in oil refining, and a structure in a certain direction, such as anisotropy of optical anisotropy. Pitch carbon fiber.

  Isotropic pitch-based carbon fibers are classified into petroleum-based, coal-based, synthetic-based, liquefied coal-based, etc., and the raw materials are made into pitch fibers by melt spinning and infusibilized, and then carbonized. Manufactured by.

  Further, the liquid crystal pitch-based carbon-based fiber is heated in a deactivated gas phase to form a liquid crystal state at 350 to 500 ° C., and then solidified into coke. When this is melt-spun and heated in an oxidizing atmosphere, it becomes an oxidized fiber to become an insoluble and infusible fiber, which is further produced, for example, by heating to about 1000 ° C. or higher in an inert gas phase.

  These fibers can be selected from low elastic modulus with an average tensile modulus of about 30-50 GPa to medium / high elastic modulus with an average of about 240-500 GPa depending on requirements, and other fibers excellent in mechanical properties of tensile strength. Is mixed with a predetermined resin composition to obtain a sealing material having appropriate mechanical strength.

  Examples of such pitch-based carbon-based fibers include “Kureha” (trade name) series in general, such as Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd .: Kureha H107T, M207S (fiber diameter: 12 to 13 μm).

  The PAN-based carbon fiber can be produced by a method in which an acrylic fiber such as polyacrylonitrile fiber is heated and baked. A predetermined tensile elastic modulus can be obtained depending on the heating temperature. For example, when heated at about 1000 to 1500 ° C., the average tensile elastic modulus is 20 to 30 GPa, and the average tensile strength is 300 to 6000 MPa. Moreover, it can heat at about 2000 degreeC and can also make a tensile elasticity modulus average 350-500 GPa, Preferably it is average 400-500 GPa. Accordingly, the PAN-based carbon fiber is a fiber having a high tensile strength, and the tensile strength can be obtained in an average range of 500 to 6000 MPa depending on the heating temperature, and an average range of 500 to 3000 MPa can be produced if required. it is conceivable that. If these numerical values are too low, reinforcement regarding compression creep cannot be expected, and if these numerical values are too high, it is also expected to attack a mating member such as a piston or cylinder.

  Examples of this PAN-based carbon fiber include the “Besfite” (trade name) series in general manufactured by Toho Rayon Co., Ltd., and specific examples thereof include Besfight HTA-CMF-0040-E and Besfight HTA-CMF. -0160-E, Besphite HTA-CMF-1000-E, Besphite HTA-C6-E, etc. (all fiber lengths 7-8 μm). Further, “TORAYCA” (trade name) series in general manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc. can be mentioned, and specific examples thereof include TORAYCA MLD-300 and TORAYCA MLD-1000.

  The tensile strength of these carbon fibers is preferably 550 to 1000 MPa, and the Vickers hardness (Hv) is preferably 400 to 600. When the tensile strength is less than 550 MPa or when the Vickers hardness (Hv) is less than 400, the reinforcing effect of adding a carbon-based fiber cannot be expected, and when the tensile strength is greater than 1000 MPa or the Vickers hardness (Hv) is greater than 600. In some cases, it is conceivable to attack and wear the counterpart material, which is not preferable.

  The carbon-based fiber preferably has an average fiber diameter of about 1 to 20 μm, preferably about 5 to 18 μm, and an aspect ratio of about 1 to 80, more preferably about 5 to 50. This is because when the average fiber diameter is less than about 1 μm, the fibers are aggregated and uniform dispersion becomes difficult, and when the average fiber diameter exceeds about 20 μm, the soft mating material is worn, and the average fiber diameter is about 5 Such a tendency is less preferable at ˜18 μm. If the aspect ratio is less than about 1, the reinforcing effect of the matrix itself is impaired and the mechanical characteristics are lowered. Conversely, if it exceeds about 80, uniform dispersion during mixing becomes extremely difficult, which impairs the wear characteristics. This is because the quality is reduced. When the aspect ratio is about 1 to 80, such a tendency is relatively small, and preferable results are obtained.

  These carbon fibers are not easily affected by chemicals such as acids and alkalis, and have wear resistance.

  In order to improve the adhesion between these carbon fibers and the heat-resistant resin such as PEK resin, and improve the mechanical properties of the sliding material in oil, the surface of these carbon fibers is epoxy resin, Surface treatment may be performed with a treatment agent containing a polyamide resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyacetal resin, or a silane coupling agent.

  Among the carbon fibers, those having a tensile strength in the range of 490 to 1000 MPa, preferably 550 to 980 MPa, and a tensile modulus of 30 to 50 GPa are particularly preferable. If the tensile strength and tensile modulus are less than the lower limit values, the reinforcing effect by the carbon-based fiber cannot be obtained, and if the value exceeds the upper limit values, it is estimated that the wear resistance is inferior.

  The blending ratio of the carbon fiber in the total composition is 10 to 45% by weight, preferably 15 to 40% by weight, and more preferably 15 to 30% by weight. If the amount is less than 10% by weight, improvement in wear resistance of the sliding material in oil can hardly be expected, and if it exceeds 45% by weight, the melt fluidity is remarkably lowered and the moldability is deteriorated.

  An aromatic polyamide fiber, which is an example of another reinforcing fiber, is well-known as a fibrous heat-resistant resin represented by the following chemical formula 8, and the aromatic ring is bonded by an amide bond at the meta position. Or an aromatic ring bonded at the para position by an amide bond.

  Examples of the para-type aromatic polyamide fiber include para-type aromatic polyamide fibers containing a repeating unit represented by the following formula 9.

  The para-aromatic polyamide fiber added to such a composition has high elasticity and high strength in the axial direction because molecular chains are arranged in the fiber axial direction, but there is intermolecular force in the perpendicular direction. It is weak. Thus, the para-aromatic polyamide fiber can improve the abrasion resistance of the blended resin composition well by the strength in the axial direction, while the molecular chain buckles when subjected to compressive force in the direction perpendicular to the fiber. Or, since it is easily destroyed, it is considered that the soft sliding material is not damaged.

  In addition, when adopting an aromatic polyamide fiber other than para-based one, a soft sliding counterpart similar to the above composition can be added by adding one containing a predetermined amount of fluorine-based resin such as tetrafluoroethylene resin. The composition is excellent in wear resistance.

  The para-type aromatic polyamide fiber is made of a polymer containing the repeating unit shown in Chemical Formula 3 and has a molecular structure different from that of the meta-type aromatic polyamide resin shown in Chemical Formula 10 below. Examples of commercially available para-aromatic polyamide fibers include DuPont / Toray / Kevlar: Kevlar, Nippon Aramid: Twaron, and Teijin: Technora.

  When using an aromatic polyamide fiber other than para-type (that is, meta-type aromatic polyamide fiber), a tetrafluoroethylene resin (hereinafter referred to as PTFE) is adopted as the fluorine-based resin, and a predetermined amount thereof is used. Added. In this case, another fluorine resin can be used in combination. Examples of commercially available meta-aromatic polyamide fibers include DuPont / Toray / Kevlar: Nomex and Teijin's: Conex.

  Such an aromatic polyamide fiber has a fiber length of about 0.15 to 3 mm and an aspect ratio of about 1 to 230.

  The form of the aromatic polyamide fiber is preferably one having an average fiber diameter of about 1 to 25 μm, more preferably about 5 to 20 μm. The aspect ratio is preferably about 1 to 60, more preferably about 15 to 40.

  If the aromatic polyamide fiber has a fiber length less than the predetermined range, the abrasion resistance is insufficient, and if the fiber length exceeds the above range, the dispersion in the composition is not preferable. Also, if the aspect ratio is less than the above range, it becomes close to the powder shape and the effect of improving the wear resistance is insufficient, and if the aspect ratio exceeds the above range, uniform dispersion in the composition is difficult, which is not preferable.

  And when the average fiber diameter is smaller than about 1 μm, the fibers are aggregated when mixed in the matrix and uniform dispersion is difficult, and when the average fiber diameter is larger than about 25 μm, This is because the composition slides and wears the soft mating member, and when the average fiber diameter is about 5 to 20 μm, preferably 5 to 15 μm, such a tendency is not observed at all, which is extremely preferable. In addition, when the aspect ratio is less than about 1 μm, the matrix does not have a reinforcing effect and the mechanical characteristics are low. When the aspect ratio exceeds about 60, uniform dispersion during mixing becomes difficult and the wear characteristics of the composition are not uniform. It is. As a commercially available aromatic polyamide fiber satisfying such conditions, Akzo's Twaron (trade name) can be mentioned.

  Further, depending on the specification and application of the seal ring, the blending ratio of the above-mentioned aromatic polyamide fiber or the above-described carbon fiber in the total composition may be 5 to 45% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight. Good. This is because if the amount is less than 5% by weight, the wear resistance of the molded body is hardly improved, and if it exceeds 45% by weight, the melt fluidity is remarkably lowered and the moldability is deteriorated. When the blending ratio is 10 to 30% by weight, there is almost no such tendency and preferable results are obtained.

  A fluororesin that is a representative example of the lubricity-imparting agent used in the present invention, among which PTFE is a homopolymer of ethylene tetrafluoride, and a commercially available resin that can be compression-molded can be used. KTL610, 300H, etc. may be used. The blending ratio of the above-described lubricity-imparting agent is 2 to 25% by weight, preferably 5 to 25% by weight. This is because when the amount is less than 2% by weight, improvement in sliding characteristics such as self-lubricity and wear resistance is not remarkably observed, and when the amount exceeds 25% by weight, the formability is deteriorated and the mechanical properties are also deteriorated. .

  More specifically, for example, the perfluoro fluororesin used in the present invention is a fluororesin typified by polytetrafluoroethylene (hereinafter referred to as PTFE). This resin is in a state in which all of the periphery of carbon atoms as a skeleton are surrounded by fluorine atoms or a small amount of oxygen atoms, and due to the strong bond between C and F, the heat resistant temperature is relatively high among fluorine resins, In addition, it has excellent properties such as a low coefficient of friction, non-adhesiveness, and chemical resistance. PTFE is a resin that can be compression-molded with a tetrafluoroethylene homopolymer, and its thermal decomposition temperature is about 508 to 538 ° C. This can use a commercially available thing, for example, Kitamurasha make: KTL610, 400H etc. can be used.

  In addition to PTFE, perfluoro-based fluororesins include tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA, thermal decomposition temperature of about 464 ° C. or higher), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (FEP, thermal decomposition). Temperature of about 419 ° C. or higher), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (EPE, thermal decomposition temperature of about 440 ° C.) and the like. In addition to these, polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE, thermal decomposition temperature of about 347 to 418 ° C.), tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer (ETFE, thermal decomposition temperature of about 347 ° C. or higher), chlorotrifluoroethylene- Ethylene copolymer (ECTFE, thermal decomposition temperature of about 330 ° C. or higher), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, thermal decomposition temperature of about 400-475 ° C.), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF, thermal decomposition temperature of about 372-480 ° C.), etc. These may be mixed.

  In addition, the perfluoro-based fluororesin is a fluorinated polyolefin such as two or more types of copolymers or a terpolymer with a polymerization ratio of about 1:10 to 10: 1 of the above fluororesin monomer. They may exhibit properties as solid lubricants. Among these, PTFE is preferable because it is excellent in various properties such as heat resistance, chemical resistance, non-adhesiveness, and low friction coefficient.

  These perfluoro fluororesins are preferable because they have a relatively high differential pyrolysis start temperature. For example, the thermal decomposition points of PTFE and PVDF are about 490 ° C. and about 350 ° C., respectively, and their differential thermal decomposition start temperatures are about 555 ° C. and about 460 ° C., respectively. Among them, PTFE, PFA, FEP, etc. It is preferable because of its excellent high temperature characteristics. For this reason, it can withstand comparatively the heat history in the process of melting the composition containing the resin into the sliding material in oil.

Among these, PTFE has a melting point of about 327 ° C., a melt viscosity of about 10 ¹¹ to 10 ¹² poise even at about 340 to 380 ° C., hardly flows even when the melting point is exceeded, and is the most heat resistant among fluororesins. It is considered to be an excellent resin. When such PTFE is employed, it may be a molding powder or a fine powder for a so-called solid lubricant. A commercial product manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluoro Chemical Co., Ltd .: Teflon 7J TLP-10, manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd .: Fullon G163, manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd .: Polyflon M15, Lubron L5, and the like. Alternatively, PTFE modified with alkyl vinyl ether may be used. In general, PTFE is a homopolymer of ethylene tetrafluoride, and a commercially available resin can be used as a resin that can be compression-molded. For example, 400H manufactured by Kitamura Co., Ltd. can be used.

  As PFA, Teflon PFA-J and MP-10 manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemical Co., Ltd .: Hostast: Teflon PFA manufactured by Hoechst Co., Ltd .: Neoflon PFA manufactured by Daikin Industries, Ltd .: Teflon FEP manufactured by Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemical Co., Ltd. -J, Daikin Industries, Ltd .: Neoflon FEP, ETFE as Mitsui DuPont Fluorochemical, Tefzel, Asahi Glass Co., Ltd .: Aflon COP, and EPE, Mitsui, DuPont Fluorochemical, Inc .: Teflon EPE-J , Etc.

  PTFE, PFA, and FEP are preferable because of their relatively high heat-resistant temperature among fluorine-based resins. As PVDF, Kureha Chemical Industry Co., Ltd .; KF polymer etc. can be illustrated.

  By adding 2 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 25 parts by weight of these fluororesins, especially perfluoro fluororesin, the mechanical properties are excellent and the compression strength is 50 to 200 MPa, for example, in a standard product. In addition to the excellent creep resistance characteristics and heat resistance, oil resistance, chemical resistance, and other characteristics, it is considered that impact resistance, fatigue resistance, wear resistance, and the like can be improved.

  When the addition amount is less than 2 parts by weight, these effects cannot be expected, and improvement in sliding properties such as self-lubricating property and wear resistance is not recognized remarkably. On the other hand, if it exceeds 25 parts by weight, the load applied to the cylinder of the melt molding machine or the like at the time of granulation or injection molding due to these melt viscosities etc. becomes large, the moldability deteriorates, and stable granulation, injection moldability and In some cases, dimensional accuracy cannot be expected, and mechanical properties may deteriorate.

  When PTFE is powdered and added to a heat-resistant resin such as PEK resin, it can be used without particular limitation on the shape and size if it is powdered, but it is granular and has a particle size of 1 to 70 μm, A thickness of 10 to 70 μm is preferable in order to make the resin composition uniform.

  Further, in place of the virgin PTFE powder, regenerated PTFE powder can also be used favorably. Recycled PTFE powder is a powder obtained by firing a virgin material once and then crushing it. It has a property that it is difficult to become fibrous, and maintains a blended resin composition at a good melt viscosity. Therefore, it is considered that not only the regenerated PTFE powder but also the regenerated PTFE powder is added to the virgin material can be an excellent additive in improving the moldability.

  The blending ratio of such a lubricity-imparting agent such as perfluoro fluororesin in the entire composition is more preferably 5 to 15% by weight than the blending ratio. If it is less than 5% by weight, it has problems of sliding properties and wear resistance, and if it exceeds 15% by weight, it has problems such as moldability.

  In addition, as an additive other than the above-mentioned materials, for example, for the purpose of improving self-lubricating property, mechanical strength, thermal stability, and coloring, and the like, as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired, solid lubricant, talc Substances that are stable at a high temperature of about 350 ° C. or higher, such as extenders, powder fillers, and pigments, may be appropriately mixed. For example, in order to further improve the lubricity of the resin composition, an abrasion resistance improving agent can be blended. Specific examples of the wear resistance improver include carbon, graphite, mica, wollastonite, phosphate, carbonate, stearate, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, calcium sulfate and other whiskers, and metals such as molybdenum disulfide. Examples thereof include oxide powders. It is preferable that the remaining heat resistant resin when adding such an additive does not fall below 40% by weight, preferably 50% by weight.

  Specifically, the powdery talc used in the present invention has an average particle size of 0.5 to 40 μm, preferably 1 to 30 μm. This is because when the particle size is less than 0.5 μm, the particles are aggregated and uniform dispersion becomes difficult, and when the particle size exceeds 40 μm, the surface smoothness is deteriorated. The blending ratio of such talc is 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight. This is because if the amount is less than 10% by weight, the soft mating material is worn, and if it exceeds 40% by weight, the moldability is deteriorated and the mechanical properties are also deteriorated.

  Examples of the powdered calcium compound used in the present invention include calcium carbonate, sulfate, oxide, and hydroxide. Among these, calcium carbonate or calcium sulfate is preferable. These calcium compounds preferably have an average particle size of 0.5 to 40 μm, preferably 1 to 30 μm. This is because if the particle size is less than 0.5 μm, the particles are aggregated and uniform dispersion becomes difficult, and if the particle size exceeds 40 μm, the surface smoothness deteriorates, which is not preferable. The blending ratio of such a calcium compound is 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight. This is because if it is less than 10% by weight, the soft mating material is worn, and if it exceeds 40% by weight, the moldability is deteriorated and the mechanical properties are also deteriorated.

  Further, for example, the aromatic polyester resin may be further mixed with about 1 to 10% by weight of a copolymer containing the polyoxybenzoyl polyester represented by the following formula 11 as a copolymerization component. As such an aromatic polyester resin, as a commercial product of polyoxybenzoyl polyester shown in Chemical Formula 5, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. product: Econol E101 can be exemplified.

  Molybdenum disulfide is added as an essential component in order to improve wear resistance, and its blending ratio is 1 to 10% by weight. Because, when the blending amount is less than the above-mentioned predetermined range, the improvement of the sliding characteristics such as self-lubricity and wear resistance is not remarkably observed, and when the blending amount exceeds the above-mentioned predetermined range, the mechanical strength is lowered, and This is because no improvement in the wear resistance commensurate with the blending amount is observed.

  The method of adding and mixing various additives to these heat-resistant resins is not particularly limited, and a method that is usually widely used, for example, a resin as a main component, other raw materials individually, or After dry mixing as appropriate using a mixer such as a Henschel mixer, ball mill, or tumbler mixer, it is supplied to an injection molding machine or melt extrusion molding machine with good melt mixing properties, or in advance a hot roll, kneader, Banbury mixer, melt extruder, etc. A method such as melt-mixing may be used.

  Furthermore, when the above composition is formed into a sliding material in oil, the molding method is not particularly limited, and a usual method such as compression molding, extrusion molding, injection molding or the like, or a composition is melt mixed. Thereafter, it can be pulverized by a jet mill, a freeze pulverizer or the like, and classified to a desired particle size. Among these, the injection molding method can provide an inexpensive oil-in-sliding material that is excellent in productivity.

  Moreover, you may perform the drying process comparable as the heat processing mentioned later before shaping | molding the particle | grains, such as a pellet obtained in this way. By sufficiently evaporating moisture from grains such as pellets, it is considered that swelling in oil and strength reduction can be prevented.

  The sliding material in oil thus obtained is about 100 to 350 ° C. for about 0.1 to 24 hours in order to ensure dimensional stability during high temperature use, excluding heat setting and distortion during molding. It is desirable to perform the annealing heat treatment.

  For example, when PEK resin is taken as an example, the annealing heat treatment temperature is suitably less than the melting point of PEK resin, for example, about 140 to 330 ° C., or about 143 to 300 ° C. or about 150 to 260 ° C. depending on the size and shape. It is. These PEK resins have high rigidity over a wide temperature range, are excellent in impact resistance, are resistant to distortion such as creep, and are resistant to most types of oils and chemicals. . These resins are crystalline, and have properties such as an increase in crystallinity, an increase in strength and rigidity, an improvement in wear resistance and lubricity, and a decrease in thermal expansion coefficient and water absorption.

  When the heat treatment temperature is lower than about 140 to 150 ° C., it takes a long time to proceed with crystallization, the efficiency is poor, it is difficult to remove slight distortion of the sliding material in oil, and dimensional stability is also obtained. It is thought that it is hard to be done.

  Taking PA46 as an example, it is appropriate that the annealing heat treatment temperature is lower than the melting point of PA46, preferably about 150 to 260 ° C. Polyamide 4-6 resin is a resin that has high rigidity over a wide temperature range, excellent impact resistance, resistance to creep and other distortions, and resistance to most types of oils and chemicals. is there. Further, this resin is crystalline, its crystallization rate is large, and the water absorption is larger than that of the polyamide 6-6 resin, but the dimensional change due to water absorption is considered to be less than that of the polyamide 6-6 resin. Yes. Further, it has properties such as an increase in crystallinity, an increase in strength and rigidity, an improvement in wear resistance and lubricity, and a decrease in thermal expansion coefficient and water absorption.

  If the heat treatment temperature is lower than about 150 ° C., it takes a long time for the crystallization to proceed and the efficiency is poor, it is difficult to remove slight distortion of the molded product, and it is considered difficult to obtain dimensional stability. .

  If the annealing heat treatment temperature exceeds about 20-30 ° C. higher than the melting point and heat deformation temperature of the sliding material in seal ring oil, it is considered that the influence of the heat history on the resin is increased, which is not preferable. It is preferable. During the heat treatment, before reaching the predetermined temperature, for example, normal temperature, about 80 ° C., about 130 ° C., about 180 ° C., about 220 ° C., about 230 ° C., about 260 ° C., about 300 ° C. Separately, in the range of about 15 to 180 minutes, the temperature is gradually raised every about 15 to 60 minutes, and the temperature is kept constant at the optimum temperature within the temperature range within the time range. Good. In this case, the maximum temperature holding time may be about 15 to 480 minutes. If the holding time at the maximum temperature is shorter than the predetermined time, the resin is not sufficiently crystallized and the dimensional stability is deteriorated. If the holding time is longer than the predetermined time, the warp is inappropriate. Therefore, it becomes difficult to reduce the manufacturing cost from the viewpoint of increasing the energy consumption of an electric furnace or the like and increasing the manufacturing time.

  Moreover, you may hold | maintain at such a fixed temperature when it heats up to about 85-120 degreeC. If it does in this way, the water | moisture content slightly taken in in the sliding material in oil can be dried, and it can be made to crystallize after that. On the other hand, it is not preferable to end the heat treatment by heating rapidly in a short time. This is because the moisture vaporizes beyond the boiling point, and the possibility of problems such as “swelling” in the sliding material in oil increases due to volume expansion at that time.

  The cooling after the crystallization step may be performed through a step opposite to that at the time of increasing the temperature, or may be gradually cooled over about 60 to 180 minutes.

  By performing the heat treatment process as described above, the occurrence of problems such as swelling of the sliding material in oil is prevented as much as possible, and the crystallization of the resin is surely and gradually progressed to ensure dimensional stability of the sliding material in oil. The sliding material in oil with high dimensional accuracy can be provided.

  The surface roughness of at least one sliding surface of the sliding material in oil and the mating member is measured by an evaluation method defined by JIS such as Rmax, Ra, Rz, and is about 3 to 25 μm or less, 8 μm or less is preferable, and about 3 μm or less is more preferable. This is because if the surface roughness exceeds the predetermined range, the sliding surface is often scratched, which is considered to cause wear. Note that the lower limit of the surface roughness may be about 0.1 μm or more in consideration of efficiency during processing.

  In addition, since it takes a long time to finish the surface of the mating material, it may not be efficient and may be affected by the formation of a transition film of resin material. If it exists, it is estimated that it may be within a range of about 3 to 8 μm.

  The mating material such as piston and cylinder may be a hard material such as carbon steel such as S45C and SCM420H, spheroidal graphite cast iron such as FCD45, or these hardened materials, or a soft material such as aluminum alloy such as ADC12. It may be a material. The counterpart material is preferably a cast metal that is comprehensively excellent in average in terms of processing efficiency, productivity, price, etc., among which a light cast metal alloy such as ADC is preferable, but is not particularly limited.

  1 (a) to 1 (f) show a seal ring 20 according to the first embodiment. This seal ring 20 is formed by connecting both side surfaces 21 and an outer peripheral surface 24 of the ring as shown in FIG. 1 (a) -2. Step portions 26 are provided between the both side surfaces 21 and the inner peripheral surface 25, and as shown in FIG. 1 (a) -1, in addition to the step portions 26, The seal surface 21 on one side of the ring 20 is provided with a lubricating groove 22 penetrating from the inner periphery side to the outer periphery side at approximately three equal positions, and the seal surface 21 on the other side surface is slightly displaced. Similar lubrication grooves 22 are provided. In addition, FIG.1 (b)-(f) shows the enlarged view or sectional drawing of Fig.1 (a) -1.

  The step portion 26 between the ring side surfaces 21 and the outer peripheral surface 24 has a surface 27 perpendicular to the ring side surface 21 and a surface 27 'perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface 24, and the two right angles. The stepped portion 26 between the ring side surface 21 and the inner peripheral surface 25 has a surface 27 perpendicular to the ring side surface 21 and an inner surface. It has a surface 27 ′ perpendicular to the peripheral surface 25 and an inclined surface 28 formed between the two right angle surfaces 27, 27 ′. The stepped portion 26 can be provided at either of two places between the ring side surfaces 21 and the outer peripheral surface 24 or two places between the ring side surface 21 and the inner peripheral surface 25. It can also be provided at all four locations.

  Providing the stepped portion 26 facilitates mold release during molding and prevents oil impurities and wear powder from accumulating during use, thus preventing oil impurities and wear powder from entering the sliding surface. be able to.

  As shown in FIG. 1 (f), the stepped portion 26 may be a square having a flat inclined surface 28 or a round having a curved inclined surface 28. The angle formed between the right-angled surfaces 27, 27 'and the inclined surface 28 is preferably a right angle or an obtuse angle, that is, 90 ° or more and less than 180 °, and 90 ° or more and 135 ° or less depending on the specification, etc. The following is preferred. Further, by adjusting the angle, oil impurities and wear powder are less likely to be deposited, and the releasability from the injection mold is good. Note that the stepped portion is more efficient because it is easier to form the stepped portion when manufacturing the injection mold, and the stepped portion is more efficient.

  The lubricating groove 22 is fine with a depth of about 0.1 mm and a width of about 0.1 mm, and even if it is provided at about three locations as shown in the drawing, the sealing performance is not impaired. A crowning 23 is applied to the opening end of the lubricating groove 22 on the seal surface 21 side.

  The height h of the stepped portion 26 is not particularly limited, but is about 5 to 50% of the length in the radial direction of the rectangular cross section of the seal ring 20 or the length in the axial direction, preferably about 5 to 25. %, More preferably about 5 to 10%, and it is preferably provided on one or both sides of the seal ring 20. Specifically, the height h of the stepped portion 26 has a lower limit of 0.05 mm, preferably 0.1 mm, and more preferably 0.2 mm. The upper limit is preferably 0.5 mm, preferably 0.4 mm, and more preferably 0.3 mm. Any numerical range described above may be selected in a range exceeding the lower limit value and less than the upper limit value.

  If the height h of the step is too small, there is a possibility of causing a malfunction when a shift between the movable mold and the fixed mold in a long-term use of the mold occurs in a relatively short cycle. Since the area of the seal portion of the seal ring, so-called seal land, is reduced, reliable and good sealing characteristics cannot be expected.

  The shape of the abutment 30 is arbitrary such as a step type, a straight type, and an angle type. Moreover, although the endless thing without the joint 30 may be sufficient, the joint shape which has the complicated shape shown by FIG.1 and FIGS.3-15 was employ | adopted.

  FIG. 2 shows the position of the mating surface 31 of the mold 29 when the seal ring 20 is injection molded with synthetic resin. That is, the mating surface 31 is set to the end of the outer peripheral surface 24 on the one stepped portion 26 side. When the mating surface 31 is set to such a position, the burr 32 is generated at a position away from the lubricating groove 22, so that the lubricating groove 22 is not blocked.

  FIGS. 3A and 3B show the seal ring 20 of the second embodiment. In this case, the lubrication groove 22 includes a circumferential groove 33 formed in the central portion of the both-side seal surface 21 and the circumferential groove. 33, an outer diameter direction groove 34 and an inner diameter direction groove 35 respectively formed in the outer circumferential direction and the inner circumferential direction, and the positions of the outer diameter direction groove 34 and the inner diameter direction groove 35 are shifted in the circumferential direction.

  The lubrication groove 22 of the seal ring of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B includes an outer diameter groove 34 and an inner diameter groove 35 formed at the same position as the circumferential groove 33.

  5A and 5B show various examples of the shape of the various step portions 26 of the seal ring, and there are steps between the mold mating surface 31 and the lubricating groove 22, and Prevents the lubricating groove 22 from being blocked. In addition, since the mold mating surface 31 coincides with the right-angled surface 27 ′, the portion that protrudes to the outer peripheral surface 24 or the inner peripheral surface 25 side even if the mating surfaces of the fixed mold and the movable mold are slightly shifted. Will not occur.

(An endurance test)
(1) Polyether ether ketone resin (Victrex-PEEK 150P) 50 parts by weight as a main material, carbon fiber (Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd .: Kureha M207S (fiber diameter 12-13 μm, aspect ratio 48, pitch system) )) 20 parts by weight and a material blended with 10 parts by weight of a tetrafluoroethylene resin (manufactured by Kitamura Co., Ltd .: 400H) as a filler, the seal ring 20 having the shape of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Obtained. The cross section of the seal ring 20 is substantially rectangular, and stepped portions 26 are provided at four corner portions. The seal ring 20 has an outer diameter of 45 mm, a ring width of 2.4 mm, a ring thickness of 2.3 mm, an outer peripheral surface (sliding portion) of 1.5 mm, and a side surface (sliding portion) of 1.8 mm. did. The lubrication grooves 22 were formed at three locations with a depth of 0.1 mm and a width of 0.1 mm over the entire circumference, and the positions of the lubrication grooves 22 were shifted about 10 ° on both side seal surfaces 21. A crowning 23 was applied to the corner of each lubrication groove 22. The seal ring 20 was subjected to an endurance test, and the rotational torque, the wear on the side of the ring, and the wear amount of the mating shaft groove were measured. The shaft material was an aluminum alloy ADC12 for die casting. The results of the durability test are shown in Table 1. The conditions of the durability test are as follows.
Hydraulic pressure: 0.8 MPa
Rotation speed: 7000rpm
Temperature: 120 ° C
Time: 100 hr.
Oil: Oil for automotive automatic transmission
Dexilon II from Showa Shell Sekiyu
Cylinder (rotation): S45C
Axis (fixed): ADC12

(2) A seal ring 20 made of the same material as that of the durability test, having a rectangular shape with an outer diameter of 45 mm and a cross-sectional shape of 2.3 mm × 2.4 mm, and having no stepped portion and lubricating groove (see FIG. 6). This is referred to as Comparative Example 1. The same material and the same size seal ring 20 as the comparative example 1 are formed with recesses 36 opened on the inner circumferential side at a 15 ° length in the circumferential direction at intervals of 15 ° (see FIG. 7). Is referred to as Comparative Example 2. The comparative examples 1 and 2 were subjected to an endurance test under the same conditions as described above. The results are shown in Table 1.

(result)
In the embodiment, the rotational torque is not inferior to that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the ring side surface and the mating groove are less worn. This is because oil leaks inward and outward through the lubrication groove 22 penetrating inward and outward, so that an oil film over the entire width of the sliding contact surface of the ring side surface is formed over the entire circumference, and wear powder and foreign matter are caused by oil leakage. This is because it is easily excluded. Further, the leak amount is very small, and the sealing performance is not impaired.

  FIG. 18 shows the leakage measurement data for the thermoplastic aromatic polyetherketone resin seal ring and the PTFE conventional seal ring. FIG. 18 shows the relationship between the oil temperature and the leak with respect to various joints.

  As for the straight cut ring, the leak increases as the oil temperature rises, and decreases when it reaches a certain temperature. This is related to the fact that the oil viscosity decreases with increasing temperature and the ring expands and the mouth clearance decreases.

  At low temperatures (around -30 ° C), there is little leakage because the oil viscosity is high even if the gap is large. When the ring expands as the temperature rises, the joint clearance should decrease and leakage should decrease, but the oil viscosity will decrease, and it will be likely to leak up to around 0 ° C. That is, until the vicinity of 0 ° C., the effect of reducing the clearance gap cannot cover the reduced oil viscosity, and the leak increases. Thereafter, the effect of reducing the gap clearance becomes greater than the decrease in oil viscosity, and the leak is reduced. Ultimately, the gap clearance becomes zero and the leak also becomes zero.

  For angle cuts, there is less leakage compared to straight cuts, despite the same gaps as the straight cuts. This is because it is considered that the clearance that affects the leakage by cutting into an angle is determined by the angle of the angle.

  In the angle cut, once the leak becomes zero as the temperature rises, there is a tendency for the leak to increase again. This is because, after the abutting portion is abutted and the clearance becomes zero, a lateral shift occurs at the abutting portion and leaks from the side surface of the ring.

  As described above, the oil leak is easily affected by the temperature in the joint shape of the conventional seal ring.

On the other hand, looking at the abutment special complicated shape of the thermoplastic wholly aromatic polyether ketone resin, leakage from the closed gap is sealed by g ₂ in Fig. 14, since the leakage from the side is sealed by g ₁ Basically, the leak is zero. However, a minute clearance is generated due to dimensional tolerance, so there is a leak but very little.

20 Seal ring 21 Seal surface 22 Lubrication groove 23 Crowning 24 Outer peripheral surface 25 Inner peripheral surface 26 Stepped portion 27, 27 'Right angle surface 28 Inclined surface 29 Mold 30 Mating surface 31 Matching surface 32 Burr 33 Circumferential groove 34 Outer diameter direction groove 35 Inner-diameter groove 36 Recess 101 Injection molded product 102 Cylindrical body 103 Ring gauge 104 Oil seal ring 105 Mating port 106 Injection position 107 Gate 110 Seal ring 111 Seal surface 112 Lubricating groove 113 Chamfered portion 114 Outer peripheral surface 115 Inner peripheral surface 116 Stepped portion 117 Right angle surface 118 Inclined surface 119 Abutment 121, 121 ′ Abutment 122 Outer diameter surface side projection 123, 123 ′ Chamfered portion 124, 124 ′, 124 ″ Chamfered portion 125, 125 ′ Fillet 127 Outer diameter surface side stepped portion 128 Step surface 129 Tip surface 130 Abutting surface 131 Ring outer diameter surface 132 Outer diameter surface side Stepped portion inner surface 133 Outer diameter surface side protrusion inner side surface 134 Ring side surface 135 Stepped portion 136 Outer diameter surface side protrusion inner diameter side surface 137 Ring inner diameter surface 171 Shafts 172, 172 ′ Ring grooves 173, 173 ′ Oil seal ring 174 Cylinder 175 Supply of oil Tube 178 Female cylinder

Claims (6)

A seal ring made of an injection-molded body made of a resin composition containing at least a heat-resistant synthetic polymer and a carbon-based fiber, which is used for sealing hydraulic oil of an automatic transmission of an automobile.
It consists of a ring body having joints (121), (121 ′) facing each other with a certain gap,
The mating ports (121) and (121 ′) are divided into an inner diameter side and an outer diameter side, and the outer diameter surface side projecting in the circumferential direction toward the other mating ports (121) and (121 ′) on the outer diameter side In a seal ring provided with a protrusion (122) and an outer diameter surface side step (127) into which the outer diameter surface side protrusion (122) is fitted,
The inner diameter side (136) of the outer diameter surface side projection (122), the outer diameter surface side stepped portion facing thereto with a predetermined gap _{g 1} between the inner surface (132) of (127) is provided,
The abutment (121), (121 ') mutually inner surface facing the (133) between one another of the outer diameter surface side projection (122) of providing a predetermined gap _{g 2,}
The above gap g ₁ is 5 to 25% of the radial length of the rectangular cross section of the seal ring,
The above gap g ₂ is an automobile automatic transmission seal rings 5 to 25% of the axial length of the seal ring.   The seal ring for an automatic vehicle transmission according to claim 1, wherein the sliding material is an aluminum alloy.   The heat-resistant synthetic polymer is any one resin selected from the group consisting of a polyether ketone resin, a polyether nitrile resin, a wholly aromatic thermoplastic polyimide resin, or a polyamide 4-6 resin. 2. A seal ring for an automatic vehicle transmission according to 2.   4. The automotive automatic transmission seal ring according to claim 1, wherein the resin composition contains 10 to 50 wt% of a carbon-based fiber. 5.   The seal ring for an automobile automatic transmission according to claim 4, wherein the resin composition further contains 2 to 25% by weight of a fluororesin.   The seal ring for an automobile automatic transmission according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the heat-resistant synthetic polymer is a polyether ketone resin.

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