JP2011149011A - Method for producing aqueous dispersion of urethane-(meth)acrylic composite resin - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain sufficient washing resistance, fastness to rubbing, blocking resistance, flexibility, weather resistance, and strength when an aqueous dispersion of urethane-(meth)acrylic composite resin is used for fiber treatment upon production of the aqueous dispersion of urethane-(meth)acrylic composite resin. <P>SOLUTION: The aqueous dispersion of (meth)acrylic composite resin is produced by sequentially or continuously adding a raw-material emulsion prepared by dispersing one or a plurality of types of (meth)acrylic monomer in advance to a reaction vessel in the presence of an aqueous medium and then performing emulsion polymerization of the one or a plurality of types of (meth)acrylic monomer in the presence of a urethane resin. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing an aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion, a fiber composite material using the aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion obtained by the production method, and a fibrous base material. The present invention relates to a material laminate and artificial leather.

  (Meth) acrylic polymers are widely used as useful polymers. In producing this (meth) acrylic polymer, an emulsion polymerization method in which a polymerization reaction is carried out in an aqueous system is often used from the viewpoint of production environment and safety in use.

  However, since emulsion polymerization uses an emulsifier, the physical properties and water resistance of the resulting resin composition may be adversely affected. In order to solve this problem, methods for improving physical properties and water resistance have been performed by a method using an emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization, a reactive emulsifier, a method using a self-dispersing resin, or the like.

  In the production of urethane resins, a large amount of organic solvent is often used, which may cause problems in the working environment and the like, and the usefulness of self-dispersing aqueous polyurethane resins has attracted attention. For such self-dispersing water-based polyurethane resins, in recent years, in order to compensate for the disadvantages of weather resistance and solvent resistance, while taking advantage of the inherent adhesion to the base material, wear resistance, cold resistance, etc. Functionalization is performed by combining with resin.

  Urethane resin is a resin formed by polycondensation of diol and polyisocyanate, and has different properties from (meth) acrylic polymer. By combining both, the advantages of both resins can be obtained. It can be used. To obtain a composite resin of a (meth) acrylic polymer and a urethane resin, in addition to a method of simply mixing the two (so-called polymer blend), the urethane resin and the (meth) acrylic polymer are polymerized. Therefore, a method is known in which an acrylic monomer is added to a prepolymerized urethane resin emulsion and the acrylic monomer is polymerized using the urethane resin as a seed.

  In addition, an acrylic monomer is added to an aqueous dispersion of urethane charged in a reaction vessel and seed polymerization is performed to obtain an emulsion of a urethane-acrylic polymer in-particle mixture. A composite emulsion of a urethane resin and an acrylic resin obtained by adding a monomer and polymerizing the mixture in the particles as a seed is known (Patent Document 1, Claim 1, [0007]).

  Furthermore, a composite resin composed of an acrylic polymer constituting the core and a urethane polymer constituting the shell is known (Patent Document 2). The composite resin can be produced by adding an acrylic monomer to the emulsion of the urethane polymer charged in the reaction vessel for emulsion polymerization, in the presence of the acrylic polymer charged in the reaction vessel. In addition, a urethane-based prepolymer having a radical polymerization group, a method of polymerizing a urethane-based polymer dissolved in a urethane-based monomer, and the like are described.

JP 2005-120304 A JP-A-9-111132

  By the way, urethane resin, acrylic resin, etc. may be used for fiber treatment, but if urethane resin is used, the washing resistance may not be sufficient, and if acrylic resin is used, friction fastness , Blocking resistance and flexibility tend to be insufficient.

  On the other hand, it is conceivable to use an emulsion obtained by the methods described in Patent Documents 1 and 2. However, in this case, each problem is slightly improved as compared with the case of urethane resin alone or acrylic resin alone, but it is not sufficient.

  In addition, urethane resin is used for artificial leather, but it has been studied to reduce the amount of urethane resin used due to cost problems. As this method, for example, a method of blending another resin such as an acrylic resin can be mentioned.

  However, when a urethane resin and an acrylic resin are simply blended, there is a tendency that weather resistance, practical strength as an artificial leather, flexibility, and hydrolysis resistance are insufficient.

  Therefore, the present invention obtains sufficient washing resistance, fastness to friction, blocking resistance, and flexibility when used for fiber treatment in producing an aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion. In addition, when used as an artificial leather, the object is to obtain a material having sufficient strength and flexibility and excellent hydrolysis resistance.

  In the present invention, the raw material emulsion in which one or more (meth) acrylic monomers are dispersed in advance is added to an aqueous medium sequentially or continuously, in the presence of a urethane resin. A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of (meth) acrylic composite resin by emulsion polymerization of one or a plurality of (meth) acrylic monomers, wherein the raw material emulsion to be added has different compositions After the addition of one raw material emulsion is completed, the addition of the next raw material emulsion is started, and at least first of the above-mentioned at least two kinds of raw material emulsions is used. The above-described problems have been solved by including a urethane resin in the raw material emulsion added to the reaction vessel.

  According to the production method of the present invention, by adding a plurality of types of raw material emulsions sequentially, the resulting urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin aqueous dispersion is sufficient when used for fiber treatment. High washing resistance, friction fastness, blocking resistance and flexibility can be obtained. Furthermore, when used as artificial leather, a composite resin having sufficient strength and flexibility and excellent hydrolysis resistance can be obtained.

The present invention will be described in detail below.
In the present invention, the presence of a urethane resin is obtained by sequentially or continuously adding a raw material emulsion in which one or more (meth) acrylic monomers are dispersed in a reaction vessel to an aqueous medium. Below, it is invention concerning the method of emulsion-polymerizing the said 1 type or multiple types of (meth) acrylic-type monomer, and manufacturing the (meth) acrylic-type composite resin aqueous dispersion. In the present invention, “(meth) acryl” means “acryl or methacryl”.

The (meth) acrylic monomer is a monomer having a (meth) acrylic group. Among them, as a monomer used as a main component, in order to prevent reaction with the end of the urethane resin, a monomer that is not reactive with an isocyanate group, that is, a monomer that does not contain an active hydrogen group. A monomer is preferred. On the other hand, in order to stabilize emulsion polymerization, it is preferable to use a monomer having a hydrophilic group (hydroxyl group, carboxyl group, ether group, etc.) in combination.
The main component means that the amount used exceeds 50% of the total monomer amount, or the amount used is the largest among three or more types of monomers.

  Examples of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters among the above (meth) acrylic monomers include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, propyl (meth) acrylate, and (meth) acrylic acid. Isopropyl, butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, s-butyl (meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, s-pentyl (meth) acrylate, 1-ethylpropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methylbutyl (meth) acrylate, isopentyl (meth) acrylate, t-pentyl (meth) acrylate, 3-methylbutyl (meth) acrylate, neopentyl (meth) acrylate , Hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methylpentyl (meth) acrylate, 4- (meth) acrylic acid 4- Tylpentyl, 2-ethylbutyl (meth) acrylate, cyclopentyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, heptyl (meth) acrylate, 2-heptyl (meth) acrylate, 3-heptyl (meth) acrylate, Octyl (meth) acrylate, 2-octyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, isooctyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, (3,3,5-acrylic acid) Trimethylhexyl, decyl (meth) acrylate, undecyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) acrylate, cetyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, eicosyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid Docosyl, (meth) acrylic acid tetracosyl, (meth) acrylic acid Chill cyclohexyl, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) norbornyl acrylate, benzyl (meth) acrylate, and (meth) phenethyl acrylate. Among these, (meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters having 1 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, particularly (meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group are preferable.

  Examples of the monomer having the hydrophilic group include the following monomers. Examples of the monomer having a carboxyl group include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, and 2-acryloyloxypropionic acid.

  Moreover, as a monomer which has a hydroxyl group, hydroxylethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyisopropyl (meth) acrylate, hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, glycerin mono (meth) acrylate, polyethylene Examples thereof include hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylic monomers such as glycol mono (meth) acrylate and polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate.

  Furthermore, examples of the ether group-containing monomer include glycerin monoallyl ether, trimethylolpropane monoallyl ether, and allyl alcohol.

  The content of the hydrophilic group-containing monomer is preferably 0.5 parts by weight or more and preferably 1 part by weight or more when the total amount of monomers contained in the monomer mixture is 100 parts by weight. When the amount is less than 0.5 part by weight, the stability of emulsion polymerization tends not to be sufficiently improved. On the other hand, the upper limit of the content is preferably 20 parts by weight, and preferably 15 parts by weight. If the amount is more than 20 parts by weight, gelation tends to occur during polymerization, and polymerization may be difficult.

  Only one type of these components may be used, or a plurality of types may be mixed and used.

  In addition, the (meth) acrylic monomer mixture may contain other monomers having a polymerizable double bond together with the (meth) acrylic monomer. Examples of such other monomers include ester group-containing vinyl monomers, styrene derivatives, and vinyl ether monomers.

  Specific examples of the ester group-containing vinyl monomer include (meth) acrylic acid lower alkyl esters having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, vinyl acetate, diethyl maleate, dibutyl maleate, vinyl (meth) acrylate, and the like. And a hydrophobic vinyl monomer, a fluoroalkyl ester of (meth) acrylic acid, an unsaturated group-containing macromonomer such as a radically polymerizable unsaturated group-containing silicon macromonomer, and the like.

  The (meth) acrylic monomer is preferably selected so that the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer obtained from the (meth) acrylic monomer to be used is −80 ° C. or higher. It is more preferable to select the temperature to be 65 ° C. or higher. A (meth) acrylic monomer composition lower than −80 ° C. may cause a problem that the reaction becomes difficult. On the other hand, the upper limit of the glass transition temperature (Tg) is preferably 110 ° C, and more preferably 80 ° C. When the temperature exceeds 110 ° C., the minimum film-forming temperature increases, and even when the composite resin obtained in the present invention is used, a uniform film may not be formed.

  Examples of the styrene derivative include styrene, α-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, vinyltoluene and the like. Furthermore, specific examples of the vinyl ether monomer include vinyl methyl ether and vinyl cyclohexyl ether.

  Furthermore, in order to improve the strength of the film formed from the obtained urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin, the (meth) acrylic monomer mixture liquid contains one or more kinds of (meth) described above. In addition to the acrylic monomer, a polymerizable monomer having at least one carbonyl group based on a keto group or an aldehyde group in the molecule may be added. It is effective to crosslink the composite resin obtained from this with a polyvalent hydrazide compound.

  Examples of the polymerizable monomer having at least one carbonyl group based on the keto group or aldehyde group in the molecule include acrolein, diacetone acrylamide, formyl styrene, vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl ethyl ketone, vinyl isobutyl ketone, diacetone (meta ) Or one or more selected from acetylacetone (meth) acrylate.

  As a content ratio of the polymerizable monomer having at least one carbonyl group based on the keto group or aldehyde group in the molecule, 100 parts by weight of all monomers contained in the (meth) acrylic monomer When used, 0.1 part by weight or more is good, and 0.3 part by weight or more is preferable. If the amount is less than 0.1 part by weight, the effect of addition may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, the upper limit of the amount used is preferably 30 parts by weight, and preferably 20 parts by weight. When the amount is more than 30 parts by weight, the reaction system may become unstable and polymerization may be inhibited.

  The urethane resin is a polymer obtained by reacting a diol component and a polyvalent isocyanate compound, and has an average particle size and molecular weight that can be mixed with the (meth) acrylic monomer, and is water dispersible. Are preferred. As such a urethane resin, a commercially available urethane aqueous emulsion may be used as it is. Specifically, Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc .: Hydran HW-301, HW-310, HW-311, HW-312B, HW-333, HW-340, HW-350, HW-375, HW- 920, HW-930, HW-940, HW-950, HW-970, AP-10, AP-20, ECOS3000, manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd .: Uprene UXA-3005, Chemitylene GA-500, Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Made by: Superflex 110, Superflex 150, Superflex 260S, Superflex 210, Superflex 420, Superflex 500M, Made by Adeka: Adekabon titer UHX-210, Adekabon titer UHX-280, Sumika Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd. product: DISPARK U53, Isupakoru U54, disper call U56, disper call U42, implantation Neil DLU, a commercially available product may be used, such as implantation Neil DLS.

  The diol component refers to an organic compound having two hydroxyl groups in one molecule. Specific examples thereof include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4- Butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, diethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, Relatively low molecular weight diols such as tripropylene glycol, hexanediol, cyclohexanedimethanol, or at least one of these diols and adipic acid, sebacic acid, itaconic acid, maleic anhydride, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid Polyester diols obtained by polycondensation with at least one of the above dicarboxylic acids, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polycaprolactone diol, polytetramethylene ether diol, polyether diols such as polycarbonate diol, others, polybutadiene diol, hydrogenated Examples thereof include polybutadiene diol and polyacrylate diol.

  The said polyvalent isocyanate compound means the organic compound which has at least 2 isocyanate group in 1 molecule, and polyhydric isocyanate compounds, such as aliphatic, alicyclic, and aromatic, can be used. Specific examples of such polyvalent isocyanate compounds include dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, 1,3-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexylene diisocyanate, 2,4-tolylene diene. Examples include isocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 2,2′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and the like. Of these, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic isocyanates are preferred in that they have less yellowing.

  The urethane production reaction for producing the urethane resin can be performed in the absence of a solvent, but in order to perform the reaction uniformly, ethers such as dioxane, ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N -Amides such as methyl-2-pyrrolidone and other organic solvents which are inert to isocyanate groups and have a high affinity for water may be used.

  In addition, the (meth) acrylic monomer and other monomers that are not reactive with an isocyanate group, that is, do not contain an active hydrogen group may be present during the production of the urethane resin. In this case, the reaction system can be diluted with the (meth) acrylic monomer and other monomers to carry out the reaction uniformly. This urethane generation reaction may be performed at about 50 to 100 ° C. for about 0.5 to 20 hours.

  The ratio of the diol component and the polyvalent isocyanate compound used in the urethane-forming reaction is not particularly limited, but the equivalent ratio is preferably diol component: polyvalent isocyanate compound = 1: 1.1 to 2, 1: 1.2-1.9 is preferable.

  If the ratio of the polyvalent isocyanate compound is higher than the above range, the reaction between the isocyanate remaining in the water dispersion and water may cause a problem that carbon dioxide gas is remarkably generated, and foaming and aggregation occur. is there. On the other hand, if the amount is less than the above range, the urethane prepolymer to be produced becomes highly viscous and may be gelled, which may cause a problem in work.

  As a catalyst used for manufacture of the urethane resin, a catalyst generally used for a urethanization reaction can be used. Specific examples include organic metal compounds such as dibutyltin dilaurate and dioctyltin dilaurate, organic amines such as triethylenediamine and triethylamine, and salts thereof.

  The urethane resin has a weight average molecular weight of preferably 500 or more, and preferably 1000 or more. When the weight average molecular weight is less than 500, a film produced using the obtained composite resin becomes hard, and it may be difficult to obtain desired physical properties (elongation, etc.). On the other hand, the weight average molecular weight is preferably 500,000 or less, and preferably 100,000 or less. If it exceeds 500,000, the viscosity of the seed itself increases, and gelation may occur, or a stable (meth) acrylic monomer mixture may not be obtained.

  When the urethane resin is dispersed in an aqueous medium described later to form a urethane resin emulsion, the (meth) acrylic monomer mixture obtained by mixing the (meth) acrylic monomer is obtained. An aqueous dispersion can be obtained. This aqueous dispersion can be directly supplied to the emulsion polymerization reaction of the (meth) acrylic monomer, and the reaction system at the time of emulsion polymerization can be further stabilized, and the resulting urethane- (meth) acrylic system The dispersion system of the composite resin emulsion can be stabilized. In this case, it is possible to suppress the formation of aggregates that are likely to occur during emulsion polymerization.

  When the urethane resin emulsion is produced, it is preferable to introduce a carboxyl group into the urethane resin because it can be emulsified as a self-dispersing resin. Further, if necessary, it is preferable to use an emulsifier because the emulsion can be further stabilized.

  The emulsifier is usually used in a range of 0.05 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the total amount of the polymerization monomers. As this emulsifier, an anionic, cationic or nonionic surfactant can be used. And these emulsifiers can select and use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types.

  Specific examples of the anionic surfactant include potassium oleate, sodium laurate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium alkanesulfonate, sodium alkylnaphthalenesulfonate, sodium dialkylsulfosuccinate, sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate. , Non-reactive surfactants such as sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether sulfate, polyoxyethylene alkyl phosphate ester, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl phosphate ester, and alkyl allyl sulfosuccinate (for example, Sanyo Kasei Co., Ltd .: Eleminol ( Registered trademark) JS-2, for example, manufactured by Kao Corporation: latemuru (registered trademark) S-180A, S-180, etc.), polyoxyethylene alkylpropenyl phenyl -Sulfuric acid ester ammonium salt (for example, manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .: Aqualon (registered trademark) HS-10, HS-5, BC-10, BC-5 etc.), α-sulfo-ω- (1 -(Nonylphenoxy) methyl-2- (2-propenyloxy) ethoxy) -poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl) ammonium salt (for example, Adeka Soap (registered trademark) SE-10 manufactured by Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) , SE-1025A and the like), polyoxyethylene-1- (allyloxymethyl) alkyl ether sulfate ammonium salt (for example, Dairon Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .: Aqualon (registered trademark) KH-10) and the like. ), Α-sulfo-ω- (1- (alkoxy) methyl-2- (2-propenyloxy) ethoxy) -poly (oxy-1,2-ethanedi) Yl) ammonium salt (for example, Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Adekaria Soap (registered trademark) SR-10, SR-1025, etc.), polyoxyalkylene alkenyl ether sulfate ammonium salt (for example, Kao Co., Ltd .: Latemu) (Registered trademark) PD-104 and the like) and the like.

  Specific examples of the cationic surfactant include non-reactive surfactants such as stearylamine hydrochloride, lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, and trimethyloctadecylammonium chloride.

  Specific examples of the nonionic surfactant include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether, polyoxyethylene oxypropyl block polymer, polyethylene glycol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester and the like. Surfactant, α-hydro-ω- (1-alkoxymethyl-2- (2-propenyloxy) ethoxy) -poly (oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)) (Asahi Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Adeka Rea soap ER-10, ER-20, ER-30, ER-40), polyoxyethylene alkylpropenyl phenyl ether (Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd .: Aqualon RN-20, RN-30, RN-50), polyoxy Alkylalkenyl ether (manufactured by Kao Corporation: Latemul P Reactive surfactants such as D-420, PD-430, and PD-450).

  Furthermore, as the above-mentioned emulsifier, an amphoteric surfactant can be used as the amphoteric component in addition to those described above.

  Specific examples of the amphoteric surfactant include lauryl betaine, lauryl dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, stearyl dimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, lauryl dimethylamine oxide, 2-lauryl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine. , 2-stearyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethylimidazolinium betaine, lauric acid amidopropyl betaine, stearic acid amidopropyl betaine, coconut amidopropyl betaine, lauryl hydroxysulfobetaine, stearyl hydroxysulfobetaine, etc. Surfactants.

  The average particle size of the aqueous dispersion in the urethane resin emulsion is preferably 30 nm or more, and more preferably 50 nm or more. If it is less than 30 nm, it is too small, the viscosity of the aqueous dispersion becomes high, and the fluidity may decrease. On the other hand, the thickness is preferably 1500 nm or less, and more preferably 1000 nm or less. When it exceeds 1500 nm, the average particle diameter of the resulting urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin increases, and there is a risk of separation / sedimentation during storage. Examples of the urethane resin emulsion that satisfies such conditions include the above-described commercially available water-dispersible urethane resins.

  As the aqueous medium, water or a mixed solution of water and an organic solvent compatible with water such as methanol or ethanol can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use water from an environmental aspect.

  The solid content of the urethane resin emulsion is preferably 10% by weight or more, and preferably 25% by weight or more. If it is less than 10% by weight, the concentration of the dispersion with the (meth) acrylic monomer will be low, and the concentration of the resulting composite resin dispersion will be low. A lot of energy is required, and workability may be deteriorated. On the other hand, the upper limit is preferably 70% by weight, and preferably 60% by weight. When the amount is more than 70% by weight, the viscosity of the dispersion increases, and the workability tends to deteriorate.

  When the urethane resin is produced in an organic solvent environment, it is desirable that the organic solvent be removed by phase inversion from the organic solvent to prevent subsequent emulsion polymerization from being inhibited.

Next, the emulsion polymerization according to the present invention will be described.
In the present invention, as described above, in the presence of the aqueous medium, the raw material emulsion is sequentially or continuously added to the reaction vessel, and in the presence of the urethane resin, the above-described one or more types (meta) are added. This is a method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a (meth) acrylic composite resin by emulsion polymerization of an acrylic monomer.

  The raw material emulsion is an emulsion of a (meth) acrylic monomer in which one or more (meth) acrylic monomers are emulsified and dispersed in an aqueous medium similar to the above-described aqueous medium. By dispersing, in the emulsion polymerization reaction described later, the (meth) acrylic monomer can be more easily dispersed in the aqueous medium, and the dispersion can be stabilized. And the production | generation of the aggregate which tends to arise at the time of emulsion polymerization can be suppressed by stability of a dispersion system.

  In the case of the above dispersion, it is preferable to use an emulsifier in order to improve dispersibility. As this emulsifier, the same emulsifier as the above-mentioned emulsifier can be used.

  Moreover, 0.05 weight% or more is preferable with respect to the said (meth) acrylic-type monomer, and, as for content of this emulsifier, 0.1 weight% or more is preferable. If it is less than 0.05% by weight, emulsification and dispersion are not sufficiently performed, and the possibility that the reaction after addition becomes unstable becomes high. On the other hand, the upper limit is preferably 10% by weight, and more preferably 5% by weight. If it exceeds 10% by weight, the emulsifier may tend to deteriorate the water resistance and water absorption of the resulting film.

  As the raw material emulsion added to the reaction vessel, at least two kinds of raw material emulsions having different compositions may be used. Then, it is preferable to add the next raw material emulsion after the addition of one raw material emulsion, that is, after the addition of one raw material emulsion is completed, the addition of the next raw material emulsion is started. Thus, by adding a plurality of raw material emulsions in order, when the resulting urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin aqueous dispersion is used for fiber treatment, sufficient washing resistance and friction fastness are obtained. Degree, blocking resistance and flexibility can be obtained.

  In the case where the plurality of raw material emulsions are sequentially added, the glass transition temperature (Tg1) of the polymer obtained from the (meth) acrylic monomer composition in one raw material emulsion, and the following The glass transition temperature (Tg2) of the polymer obtained from the (meth) acrylic monomer composition in the raw emulsion is preferably Tg2 higher than Tg1, and the difference (Tg2−Tg1) is 10 degreeC or more is preferable and 30 degreeC or more is more preferable. When the temperature is lower than 10 ° C., the effect obtained by dividing and adding to a plurality of raw material emulsions may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, the upper limit of the difference is preferably 150 ° C, more preferably 100 ° C. When it is higher than 150 ° C., the resulting film becomes hard and tends to be unsuitable for fiber treatment.

  The urethane resin is contained in the raw material emulsion added at least first to the reaction vessel among the at least two kinds of raw material emulsions. In order to obtain a more uniform urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion, it is also a preferred embodiment that the composition ratio is adjusted and the urethane resin is contained in another raw material emulsion.

  When the (meth) acrylic monomer is added during the urethane formation reaction of the urethane resin, the (meth) acrylic monomer used when the raw material emulsion containing the urethane resin is produced. The amount used may be deducted from the amount of (meth) acrylic monomer used during the urethane formation reaction.

  The total content of the urethane resin and the (meth) acrylic monomer in the raw material emulsion is preferably 30% by weight or more, and preferably 40% by weight or more. If it is less than 30% by weight, the solid content concentration of the resulting composite resin will be low, and when forming a film, a lot of energy and time for drying will be required, which may cause operational problems. On the other hand, the upper limit is preferably 80% by weight, and preferably 70% by weight. If it exceeds 80% by weight, the viscosity of the above-mentioned mixed liquid or dispersion becomes high, and the fluidity may be lowered.

  The above-mentioned raw material emulsion is added to the reaction vessel in the presence of an aqueous medium in order under the above-described conditions to carry out emulsion polymerization. As this aqueous medium, those similar to the above can be used.

  It is preferable to add an emulsifier in the aqueous medium in advance, because the emulsion polymerization reaction system can be stabilized. As the emulsifier used here, the same ones as described above can be used.

  The amount of the emulsifier contained in the aqueous medium in the reaction vessel is preferably 0.05% by weight and more preferably 0.1% by weight or more based on the (meth) acrylic monomer. . If it is less than 0.05% by weight, there is a high possibility that dispersion in the reaction system will not be sufficient and the reaction system will become unstable. On the other hand, it is preferable in it being 10 weight% or less with respect to the said (meth) acrylic-type monomer, and it is more preferable in it being 5 weight% or less. If it exceeds 10% by weight, the water resistance and water absorption of the resulting film may be deteriorated by the emulsifier.

  In the emulsion polymerization, the radical polymerization initiator may be added to the aqueous medium in advance, or the radical polymerization initiator may be added dropwise in accordance with the dropping of the raw material emulsion. Also good.

  As the radical polymerization initiator, a conventional radical polymerization initiator may be used. For example, azo initiators such as azobisisobutyronitrile, azobis-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile, azobiscyanovaleric acid, and persulfuric acid. Persulfate initiators such as sodium, potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, t-butyl hydroperoxide, dilauroyl peroxide, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxypivalate, etc. An organic peroxide-based initiator can be used. A redox polymerization initiator in which an organic peroxide initiator or persulfate initiator is combined with a reducing agent such as ascorbic acid, Rongalite or metal sulfite is also preferably used. The amount of the radical polymerization initiator used is about 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 2% by weight based on the total amount of the (meth) acrylic monomer and the other monomers. It may be about%.

  The polymerization temperature of the emulsion polymerization is preferably 10 to 90 ° C, more preferably 30 to 70 ° C. This polymerization is usually almost completed by maintaining the temperature at about 40 to 90 ° C. for about 30 minutes to 3 hours after the end of heat generation. Thereby, an aqueous emulsion of urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin is obtained.

  By the way, in the case of using a polymerizable monomer having at least one carbonyl group based on the keto group or aldehyde group in the molecule, a compound having a plurality of hydrazide groups at the terminal after emulsion polymerization (the following formula (1), , Sometimes referred to as “polyhydric hydrazide compound”), is preferable in that self-crosslinking property is exhibited. If it does in this way, the crosslinked structure will be formed at the time of film formation, and the improvement of the intensity of the film generated from the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin obtained can be aimed at. Moreover, the dispersion liquid of the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin containing the polyhydric hydrazide compound can be stably stored for a long period of time while having a self-crosslinking property.

  In the above formula (1), R represents a direct bond, a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms (for example, an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, etc.), or a group represented by the following formula (2). Show.

  Examples of the compound having a plurality of hydrazide groups at the terminal (polyhydric hydrazide compound) include hydrazine derivatives having two hydrazide groups in the molecule. Specifically, dicarboxylic acid dihydrazides such as oxalic acid dihydrazide, malonic acid dihydrazide, adipic acid dihydrazide, succinic acid dihydrazide, sebacic acid dihydrazide, maleic acid dihydrazide, fumaric acid dihydrazide, itaconic acid dihydrazide, 1,3-bis (hydrazino And carboethyl) -5-isopropylhydantoin. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, adipic acid dihydrazide and 1,3-bis (hydrazide carboethyl) -5-isopropylhydantoin are preferable from the viewpoint of good solubility in water, and adipic acid dihydrazide is more preferable.

  The use amount of such a polyhydric hydrazide compound is preferably 0.1 times equivalent or more with respect to the use amount of the polymerizable monomer having at least one carbonyl group based on the keto group or aldehyde group in the molecule. , 0.3 times equivalent or more is more preferable. If the amount is less than 0.1 times equivalent, crosslinking may be insufficient and the desired effect may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, the upper limit of the amount used is preferably 1.5 times equivalent, more preferably 1.2 times equivalent. When the amount is more than 1.5 times equivalent, the polyhydric hydrazide compound remaining unreacted may cause coating film defects (such as blisters and blisters).

  The addition time of the polyhydric hydrazide compound is not particularly limited as long as it is after the completion of the emulsion polymerization.For example, after the emulsion polymerization is completed and the unreacted monomer is removed, during or before and after the transfer of the dispersion, Alternatively, it may be added at the time of before or after the addition of various auxiliary agents such as an antioxidant, a filler, and a stabilizer.

  In particular, taking into account the convenience of use while taking advantage of the storage stability that is a feature of the present invention, it is often added after removal of unreacted monomers, during transfer of the produced dispersion, or before and after. From the viewpoint of uniform dispersion / dissolution of the monovalent hydrazide compound and formation of a uniform crosslinked structure during film formation.

  The weight ratio of the urethane resin component to the (meth) acrylic resin component in the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin obtained by the production method according to the present invention is preferably 2/98 or more, and 5/95 or more. Is preferred. If it is smaller than 2/98, there is a tendency that characteristics derived from the urethane resin are not sufficiently expressed. On the other hand, the upper limit of the weight ratio is preferably 55/45, and preferably 30/70. When it is larger than 55/45, the ratio of the urethane resin becomes excessively high, which may inhibit the polymerization of the (meth) acrylic monomer.

  The average particle diameter of the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin in the aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion obtained by the production method according to the present invention is preferably 10 nm or more, and preferably 30 nm or more. . If it is smaller than 10 nm, the emulsion has a high viscosity and the workability tends to deteriorate. On the other hand, the upper limit of the average particle diameter is preferably 1000 nm (1 μm), and preferably 300 nm. If it is larger than 1000 nm, the stability of the resulting composite resin dispersion may be lowered, or the color development may be worsened when a printing dye is blended.

  The film formed from the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin obtained by the production method according to the present invention has sufficient mechanical properties such as strength and elongation, and also has water resistance and water absorption. Are better.

  In particular, as described above, when a polymerizable monomer having at least one carbonyl group based on a keto group or an aldehyde group is copolymerized and used in combination with a polyhydric hydrazide compound, the formation of a crosslinked structure It is preferable because the strength of the film can be improved.

  The maximum elongation measured according to JIS-K-7161-7162 of the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin obtained by the production method according to the present invention can be 200% or more, and preferably 900% or more. . If it is less than 200%, flexibility may be insufficient. On the other hand, the upper limit of the elongation is preferably 3000% and preferably 2500%. If it is greater than 3000%, the elasticity is low and the followability when applied to a woven fabric or the like tends to deteriorate.

  The breaking strength measured according to JIS-K-7161-7162 of the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin obtained by the production method according to the present invention is preferably 2 MPa or more, and preferably 5 MPa or more. When it is less than 2 MPa, the film strength is insufficient and the practicality is inferior.

  The water absorption of the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin obtained by the production method according to the present invention can be 30% or less, and preferably 20% or less. If it exceeds 30%, the water resistance of the film may be insufficient. In addition, this water absorption rate can be measured according to the water resistance evaluation method mentioned later.

  The urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin according to the present invention can be usefully used as a processing agent for fiber processing or artificial leather.

  Examples of the fiber material to which the fiber processing agent is applied include natural fibers such as silk fiber, cotton fiber and hemp fiber, synthetic fibers such as polyester fiber, semi-synthetic fibers such as cellulose fiber, and the like. And a fiber composite material can be obtained by processing this fiber material with the said processing agent for fiber processing. Examples of this treatment method include coating and dipping.

As the dipping method, a method of solidifying or drying after impregnating the fiber material with resin can be used.
As a coating method, a surface treatment layer can be formed by a known method such as a gravure coating method, a knife coating method, or a roll coating method on a fiber material or a fiber material impregnated with a resin.
The fiber composite material thus obtained can obtain sufficient peel strength, flexibility and durability.

  The artificial leather is a fibrous layer made of a woven or non-woven fabric impregnated with a resin, or a fibrous base material laminate in which a foamed layer made of foamed resin is laminated, and the outer surface of the foamed layer is embossed. It is a sheet in which a surface treatment layer such as processing is performed or a surface treatment layer subjected to surface treatment such as embossing is laminated on the outer surface.

  Even if the foamed layer is applied to the base material by mechanically foaming the resin dispersion in advance by stirring or the like, a chemical foaming agent such as sodium hydrogen carbonate or azodicarbonamide is added to the resin dispersion. After applying to the substrate, it may be formed by heating and foaming.

  When the layer made of urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin contained in the aqueous dispersion of urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin produced by the above production method is used as the foamed layer, the tactile sensation such as elasticity is used. An excellent and good laminate can be obtained.

  Examples of fibers constituting the nonwoven fabric and woven fabric used in the artificial leather include, for example, polyamides that can be melt-spun such as 6-nylon and 66-nylon, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and cation dyeable modified polyethylene terephthalate. Examples thereof include melt-spinnable polyesters such as synthetic fibers such as acrylic fibers, polyolefin fibers, and polyvinyl alcohol fibers, semi-synthetic fibers such as cellulose fibers, and regenerated fibers.

  The resin impregnated in the fibrous layer is a general urethane resin, acrylic resin, silicon resin, or the above manufacturing method in consideration of strength, durability, and flexibility when artificial leather is used. Arbitrary resin can be used out of these composite_body | complexes or mixtures containing the urethane- (meth) acrylic-type composite resin contained in the urethane- (meth) acrylic-type composite resin aqueous dispersion manufactured. It is preferable to use the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin as the impregnating resin because an artificial leather excellent in wear resistance and cold resistance can be obtained.

  In another embodiment, the artificial leather comprising a laminate of a fibrous base material is first a fibrous base material, specifically, a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or a nonwoven fabric on which a woven fabric is placed on the resin. Impregnation, and then apply urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin aqueous dispersion produced by the above-mentioned production method to the surface, and then perform foam molding, and then directly surface treatment as necessary. A fibrous material (fibrous substrate laminate) having a surface-treated skin layer by performing surface treatment, laminating a surface-treated surface layer (skin layer), or surface-treating after laminating the skin layer ) And can be used as artificial leather.

  As described above, the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin obtained by the production method according to the present invention sufficiently polymerizes two different (meth) acrylic raw material emulsions in the presence of the urethane resin. Strength such as maximum elongation and peel strength is improved, surface tack is small, and durability can be improved.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically using examples. In addition, this invention is not limited to a following example, unless the summary is exceeded.

<< First Experimental Example (About Fiber Composite Material) >>
First, the evaluation method and raw materials used will be described.
[Measurement of glass transition temperature (Tg)]
The constituent weight fraction of each constituent monomer (polymerizable monomer) a, b,... In the vinyl copolymer is Wa, Wb,..., And the homopolymer glass of each constituent unit a, b,. When the transition temperatures were Tga, Tgb,..., The Tg value of the vinyl polymer as a copolymer was determined by the following formula of FOX.
1 / Tg = Wa / Tga + Wb / Tgb +

[Measurement method of strength and elongation]
Gap the obtained urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin aqueous dispersion with a tape so that the film thickness is 200 μm on a polypropylene resin test plate (manufactured by Nippon Test Panel Co., Ltd .: standard test piece). Was applied using a glass rod and dried at room temperature for 3 days. Using the obtained film, the maximum elongation and breaking strength were measured according to the method of JIS-K-7161-7162. Specifically, the obtained film was cut into a 0.5 cm-wide strip and used as a test piece. This was used at 23 ° C. using an Autocom C-type universal machine (manufactured by Key S.E.). Under a measurement atmosphere of 50% RH, a tensile test was performed under the conditions of a crosshead speed of 200 mm / min and a chuck interval of 20 mm, and the maximum elongation (%) and breaking strength (MPa) were measured.

[Average particle size measurement]
The aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion is diluted 10,000 times with ion-exchanged water filtered through a filter (manufactured by Advantech: DISMIC-25cs). It was filled in a measurement cell, and the average particle size was measured by a dynamic light scattering method (Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd .: ELS-8000 used).
Note that the average particle size of the urethane aqueous dispersion was also measured in the same manner.

[Friction fastness test]
Using a printing paste prepared with the following composition, it was printed on cotton broad and dried at 25 ° C. for 24 hours to prepare a test piece.
・ Copolymer (as aqueous dispersion): 20 parts by weight ・ Blue paste: 5 parts by weight ・ Reducer: 75 parts by weight

The obtained test piece was evaluated for friction fastness under the following friction conditions using a Gakushin type tester (manufactured by Daiei Kagaku Co., Ltd.) according to JIS L 0849 (Friction fastness test).
・ Friction element: 45R, coated with canakin (can be wet with wet, but wet with wet water)
・ Load ... 200g
-Number of times: Evaluation was made 100 times according to the following criteria.
・ ◎… There is almost no color fading on the friction.
・ ○… There is a slight color fading on the friction.
・ △… There is color fading on the friction.
-X ... The color fading to the friction is remarkable.

[Washing resistance test]
About the test piece created by the said friction fastness test, according to A-4 of JISL8044 (dye fastness test with respect to washing), the test was implemented at 70 degreeC for 45 minutes.
Evaluation was performed according to the following criteria.
・ ◎: Almost no color fading is observed.
・ ○… Slight discoloration is observed.
・ △… Color fading is observed.
・ X: Discoloration is remarkable.

[Blocking resistance]
A printing paste prepared in the same manner as the friction fastness test was applied to a cotton knit with a 0.3 mm applicator and cured under conditions of 23 ° C. × 50% RH for 24 hours to obtain a test piece.
The test piece was cut into 3 cm × 3 cm, and the two test pieces were stacked, left to stand under a constant temperature and humidity of 40 ° C. × 65% RH under a load of 50 g / cm ² , and then decompressed. The condition when peeling the test piece and the state of the coated surface after peeling were evaluated according to the following criteria.
◎… Peel off without resistance.
○… Peel off almost without resistance.
Δ: There is resistance.
X: Strong resistance or adhesive residue on the coated surface after peeling.

[Followability]
In the same manner as the blocking resistance test, a test piece of 3 cm × 3 cm is prepared, stretched by hand in the stretching direction, and after confirming the followability of the printing paste, the hand is released and the cotton knit is returned when left. The state was observed and evaluated according to the following criteria.
◎… Follows the enlargement and returns to the original state after release.
○: Follows the enlargement and returns to the original state after release.
Δ: Difficult to follow stretching, and some elongation remains after release.
×: Does not follow the stretching, and remains stretched after release.

<Raw materials>
[Urethane resin]
-Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc .: Hydran HW-940 ... Average particle size 336 nm, solid content 50.0% by weight, polyester non-yellowing type, hereinafter referred to as "HW-940".
-Dainippon Ink Science Co., Ltd. product: Hydran HW-930 ... average particle diameter 200nm, solid content 50.0% by weight, polyester non-yellowing type, hereinafter referred to as "HW-930".

[(Meth) acrylic monomer]
・ Methyl methacrylate: manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., hereinafter abbreviated as “MMA”.
Acrylonitrile: manufactured by Dianitricks Co., Ltd., hereinafter abbreviated as “AN”.
-Ethyl acrylate: manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, hereinafter abbreviated as “EA”.
・ Butyl acrylate: manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, hereinafter abbreviated as “BA”.
Methacrylic acid: Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., hereinafter abbreviated as “MAA”.
Itaconic acid: manufactured by Iwata Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., hereinafter abbreviated as “IA”.

[Polymerizable monomer having at least one carbonyl group based on keto group or aldehyde group in the molecule]
N- (1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl) acrylamide: Nippon Kasei Co., Ltd .: diacetone acrylamide, hereinafter abbreviated as “DAAm”.

[Multivalent hydrazide compound]
Adipic acid dihydrazide: manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd .: hereinafter abbreviated as “ADH”.

[Radical polymerization initiator]
Potassium persulfate: manufactured by ADEKA Corporation, hereinafter abbreviated as “KPS”.
・ Anhydrous sodium bisulfite… (Yes) Togawa Chemical Industry, hereinafter abbreviated as “SBS”.
[emulsifier]
Emulgen 1135S-70: manufactured by Kao Corporation, hereinafter abbreviated as “E1135S-70”.

(Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples 1-2)
To the urethane resin of the type and amount described in the first stage of Table 1, the (meth) acrylic monomer of the type and quantity of the first stage of Table 1 is added and mixed, and then as an emulsifier, E1135S 2.8 g of -70 was added, and ion-exchanged water was added so that the solid content of the whole liquid was 60% by weight to obtain a first-stage raw material emulsion. Similarly, 1.4 g of E1135S-70 is added to the second stage addition / mixture in Table 1, ion-exchanged water is added so that the solid content of the whole liquid is 53% by weight, and the second stage raw material emulsification I got a thing.
In addition, 180 g of ion-exchanged water was added to a reaction vessel having a stirring wing and having a volume of 2 liters, and then the temperature was raised to 60 ° C. while stirring the stirring wing of the reaction vessel at 60 rpm.
Then, as an initiator, 12.3 g of 5% aqueous solution of potassium persulfate and 4.9 g of 10% aqueous solution of anhydrous sodium bisulfite were added, and the first stage raw material emulsion was continuously added dropwise over 3 hours. did. Also, 30 minutes after the start of the reaction, 56 g of 2.5% potassium persulfate aqueous solution and 56 g of anhydrous sodium bisulfite 2% aqueous solution were continuously added dropwise until the end of the second stage raw material emulsion droplets. . After completion of the dropping of the first-stage raw material emulsion, the second-stage raw material emulsion was dropped over 1 hour and a half, and then the temperature was maintained for 2 hours to complete the polymerization.
Said various measurement was performed about the obtained urethane- (meth) acrylic-type composite resin aqueous dispersion. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Examples 3 and 4)
The dispersion obtained in Comparative Example 1 and the dispersion obtained in Comparative Example 2 were compared in Comparative Example 1 / Comparative Example 2 with 5/95 (solid content ratio) (Comparative Example 3) or 20/80 (solid). The aqueous dispersion was obtained by mixing at a ratio of (fractional ratio) (Comparative Example 4).
The above-mentioned various measurements were performed on the obtained aqueous dispersion. The results are shown in Table 1.

(Comparative Example 5)
A liquid having a composition corresponding to a combination of both the first and second stage raw material emulsions used in Example 3 was used as the first stage raw material emulsion, and the second stage raw material was used. Emulsion polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the emulsion was not used and that the dropping time of the raw material emulsion was 4 and a half hours.
The above-mentioned various measurements were performed on the obtained aqueous dispersion. The results are shown in Table 1.

<< Second Experimental Example (Artificial Leather) >>
First, the evaluation method and the raw materials used will be described.
<Raw materials>
[Anti-blocking agent]
・ Dimethyl silicone oil: manufactured by MOMENTIVE: TSF451-100
[Coagulant]
Polyether-modified silicone oil: manufactured by MOMENTIVE: TPA4380

[Foaming agent]
・ Sulfosuccinic acid N-alkyl monoamido disodium ... Kao Corporation: Perex TA
[Foaming agent]
-Ammonium stearate aqueous dispersion: Sannobuco Co., Ltd .: DC-100A

[Pigment]
60% titanium oxide dispersion: Chuo Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd .: T-60
[Curing agent]
Fatty acid polyglycidyl ether: Chuo Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Rikabond EX-8
[Thickener]
・ Alkali thickening acrylic copolymer: manufactured by Chuo Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd .: Rikabond FK-600S

[Fibrous layer]
・ Polyester felt: Made by Daiso Corporation: Polyester felt

<Evaluation method>
Various water-dispersible resins were collected so as to have a solid content of 100 parts by weight, and a coating solution prepared by the following composition was applied to the polyester felt of the fibrous layer to a thickness of 1 mm, and a 140 ° C. hot air drier. The coating film was dried to prepare a test piece.

[Coating fluid]
Each of the following raw materials was well stirred and mixed with a disper, and a thickener was added to increase the viscosity of the blend so as to be 13,000 to 20,000 mPa · s. Then, it was mechanically foamed by a hand mixer, and the mixture density adjusted to 0.72 to 0.75 g / ml was used as a coating solution.
-Copolymer (solid content): 100 parts by weight-Antiblocking agent: 0.73 parts by weight-Coagulant: 0.94 parts by weight-Foaming agent: 4.1 parts by weight-Foaming agent: 5.0 parts by weight Parts / pigment: 7.5 parts by weight / curing agent: 3.0 parts by weight

[Maximum peel strength]
The test piece prepared above was cut into a width of 2.5 cm, a cyanoacrylate adhesive was applied to the foamed layer surface, pressure-bonded to an acrylic plate, and dried at room temperature for 24 hours to obtain a test piece for maximum peel strength.
This test specimen for maximum peel strength was subjected to a 180 ° peel test at a crosshead speed of 100 mm / min in a measurement atmosphere of 23 ° C. and 50% RH using an Autocom C type universal machine (manufactured by KEYSE). The maximum intensity per 1 cm width was measured.

[Flexibility]
After bending the test piece prepared as described above, the bent state of the bent portion when it was naturally returned was evaluated by visual observation.
○… Returns to the state before bending, and no traces of bending are seen in the bent portion. ×… Does not return to the state before bending, or a crease or crack occurs in the bent portion.

[Surface tackiness]
The surface of the prepared test piece was checked for the presence or absence of tack by finger touch, and judged by the following evaluation.
○… No tack ×… With tack

[Abrasion resistance]
Using the Gakushin type tester (manufactured by Daiei Kagaku Co., Ltd.) for the foamed layer surface of the above-prepared test piece, CC-280 water-resistant abrasive paper (manufactured by Riken Corundum Co., Ltd.) as the friction element, load 1 kg, number of times 5000 The test was carried out at a time.
○… No change △… Slight change in wear ×… The foam layer is scraped

[Hydrolysis resistance]
The prepared test piece was treated in an atmosphere of 80 ° C. and 90% RH for 300 hours, and then the state of the surface layer was visually observed before and after the treatment to confirm the state change.
○… No change ×… Change

(Examples 5-6)
Add and mix (meth) acrylic monomer of the type and amount shown in Table 2 to the type and amount of urethane resin shown in Table 2 below, and then the first stage resin mixture and the second stage The resin mixture was adjusted. Next, as an emulsifier, 20 parts by weight of E1135S-70 is added to the first stage and 10 parts by weight to the second stage, and ion-exchanged water is added so that the solid content of the whole liquid is 55% by weight. The first-stage raw material emulsion and the second-stage raw material emulsion were obtained.
Further, water is added to a reaction vessel having a volume of 2 liters having a stirring blade so that the solid content of the emulsion after emulsion polymerization is 47% by weight, and then the stirring blade of this reaction vessel is rotated at 60 rpm and stirred. The temperature was raised to 60 ° C.
First, the first stage raw material emulsion was continuously dropped over 3 hours. Subsequently, after completion of the dropping of the first stage raw material emulsion, the second stage raw material emulsion was dropped over 1 hour and a half, and then the temperature was maintained for 2 hours to complete the polymerization. .
Said various measurement was performed about the obtained urethane- (meth) acrylic-type composite resin aqueous dispersion. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Examples 6-8)
Add and mix the (meth) acrylic monomers of the types and amounts listed in Table 2 below, then add 30 parts by weight of E1135S-70 as an emulsifier to them, and the solid content of the whole liquid is 70% by weight. % Ion-exchanged water was added to obtain a raw material emulsion.
In addition, water was added to a reaction vessel having a volume of 2 liters having a stirring blade so that the solid content of the emulsion after emulsion polymerization would be 55% by weight, and then the stirring blade of this reaction vessel was rotated at 60 rpm and stirred. The temperature was raised to 60 ° C.
First, the raw material emulsion was continuously dropped over 6 hours. Thereafter, the temperature was maintained for 3 hours to complete the polymerization.
Said various measurement was performed about the obtained (meth) acrylic-type composite resin aqueous dispersion. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 9)
The above-mentioned various measurements were performed on the types and amounts of urethane resins described in Table 2 below. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Example 10)
A liquid having a composition corresponding to a combination of both the first and second stage raw material emulsions used in Example 5 was used as the first stage raw material emulsion, and the second stage raw material was used. Emulsion polymerization was carried out in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the emulsion was not used and that the dropping time of the raw material emulsion was 4 and a half hours.
The above-mentioned various measurements were performed on the obtained aqueous dispersion. The results are shown in Table 2.

(Comparative Examples 11 and 12)
The urethane- (meta) obtained by polymerizing using the same method as in Comparative Example 5 or 6 except that the types and amounts of urethane resins listed in Table 2 were added to the raw material emulsion in Comparative Example 5 or 6. The above-mentioned various measurements were performed on the acrylic composite resin aqueous dispersion. The results are shown in Table 2.

Claims (12)

In the presence of a urethane resin, a raw material emulsion in which one or more (meth) acrylic monomers are dispersed in advance is added sequentially or continuously into a reaction vessel in the presence of an aqueous medium. , A method of producing an aqueous dispersion of a (meth) acrylic composite resin by emulsion polymerization of one or more (meth) acrylic monomers,
As the raw material emulsion to be added, at least two kinds of raw material emulsions having different compositions are used,
After the addition of one raw material emulsion is completed, the addition of the next raw material emulsion is started,
A method for producing an aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion, wherein the raw material emulsion added to at least the first reaction vessel among the at least two types of raw material emulsions above contains a urethane resin.   The glass transition temperature Tg1 of the polymer obtained from the (meth) acrylic monomer composition in the one raw material emulsion and the weight obtained from the (meth) acrylic monomer composition in the next raw material emulsion The method for producing an aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the difference between the coal transition and the glass transition temperature Tg2 is 10 ° C or higher and 150 ° C or lower.   The method for producing an aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion according to claim 2, wherein the Tg2 is a temperature higher than the Tg1.   The (meth) acrylic monomer mixture has at least one carbonyl group based on a keto group or an aldehyde group in the molecule in addition to the urethane resin and one or more types of (meth) acrylic monomers. 2. A mixed liquid containing 0.1 to 30% by weight of a polymerizable monomer based on all monomers, and a compound having a plurality of hydrazide groups at the end is added after emulsion polymerization. The manufacturing method of the urethane- (meth) acrylic-type composite resin aqueous dispersion of any one of thru | or 3.   The polymerizable monomer having at least one carbonyl group based on the keto group or aldehyde group in the molecule is acrolein, diacetone acrylamide, formyl styrene, vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl ethyl ketone, vinyl isobutyl ketone, diacetone (meth). The method for producing a urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin aqueous dispersion according to claim 4, which is one or more selected from acrylate and acetylacetone (meth) acrylate.   The weight ratio of the urethane resin component and the (meth) acrylic resin component in the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin obtained is 2/98 to 55/45. The manufacturing method of urethane- (meth) acrylic-type composite resin aqueous dispersion of description.   The urethane according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an average particle diameter of the urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin in the obtained urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin aqueous dispersion is 10 nm or more and 1000 nm or less. -Manufacturing method of aqueous dispersion of (meth) acrylic composite resin.   The mechanical property value of the urethane resin measured according to JIS-K-7161, 7162 has a maximum elongation of 200% or more and a breaking strength of 2 MPa or more. Process for producing an aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion.   The fiber composite material obtained by processing a fiber raw material using the urethane- (meth) acrylic-type composite resin aqueous dispersion manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 8.   The fiber composite material according to claim 9, wherein the fiber material is a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric.   A fibrous material obtained by laminating a foamed layer obtained from the aqueous urethane- (meth) acrylic composite resin dispersion produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 on a fibrous layer made of a fiber or a nonwoven fabric. Base material laminate.   An artificial leather comprising the fibrous base material laminate according to claim 11.