JP2011147553A - Medicine administration device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a medicine administration device correctly controlling a dosage of medicine. <P>SOLUTION: There is provided the medicine administration device 1 for administering a medicine into the living tissue of a mammal including human being. The medicine administration device 1 includes: a slender body 2 including an inner cylinder 5 communicating with outside via a through-hole 4: a medicine guide passage 11 for guiding the medicine into the inner cylinder 5; a first one-way valve 16 disposed in the through-hole 4 for permitting communication only in the outward direction from the inner cylinder 5; a second one-way valve 17 disposed in an outlet of the medicine guide passage 11 to the inner cylinder 5 for permitting communication only in the direction from the medicine guide passage 11 toward the space of the inner cylinder 5; a piston 6 liquid-tightly movable within the inner cylinder 5; and a wire 7 for moving the piston 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a drug administration device that administers a drug into living tissues of mammals including humans.

  When administering a drug into the living tissue of mammals including humans, a method of administering the drug into the bloodstream and taking the drug into the body through the bloodstream, and directly into the target living tissue (for example, a tumor) There are ways to administer drugs.

  Among these methods, in the method of administering a drug directly to a living tissue, a catheter is punctured into the living tissue, the drug is pumped into the catheter from a drug reservoir outside the body, and the drug is directly administered into the tissue from the tip of the catheter. Yes. Such a catheter has an elongated tubular shape having a lumen inside, and a through-hole that communicates the internal lumen and the outside is provided in a portion to be inserted into the body for the purpose of discharging a medicine or the like. (For example, see Patent Document 1). The through hole may be provided at the distal end of the needle at the distal end of the catheter, but one or more may be provided at the side surface of the catheter.

Special table 2003-504132 gazette

  Here, the dose of the drug depends on the drug solution absorption rate of the living tissue, and only a very small amount of drug of several tens of microliters can be administered, which is much smaller than when the drug is administered into the bloodstream. Furthermore, if the drug is administered in excess of the dose that can be administered, the drug may leak from the living tissue and the drug may touch other living tissues. It needs to be controlled accurately.

  Conventionally, the dosage of a drug is adjusted by controlling a pump. In this case, when the dose of the drug is increased, the pump delivery pressure is increased, and when the dose is decreased, the pump delivery pressure is decreased. Since there is a certain distance from the pump to the drug administration site, the catheter is usually about several centimeters to several tens of centimeters long.

  However, with this conventional method, it is difficult to accurately control a small amount of drug administration. This is because it is not easy to perform subtle pump control that can accurately control the discharge amount of a minute amount of medicine. In addition, in the conventional method, the relationship between the pump pressure and the amount of drug discharged from the catheter slightly changes for each drug administration depending on the length and bending of the catheter. It was necessary to perform a complicated process of performing. Then, when the posture of the drug administration subject (mammals including humans) changes, the direction of gravity changes, which affects the dose of the drug. Furthermore, there has been a problem that the bending state (bending portion, degree of bending) of the catheter dynamically changes due to the movement of the drug administration target, which affects the dose of the drug.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a drug administration device capable of accurately controlling the dose of a drug.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, a drug administration device according to the present invention is a drug administration device for administering a drug into a living body tissue of a mammal including a human, and is externally connected through a through hole. An elongated housing having an internal space that communicates with the internal space, a drug guide that guides the drug to the internal space, a first one-way valve that is provided in the through-hole and communicates only in the direction from the internal space toward the outside, A second one-way valve that is provided at an outlet of the drug guide path to the internal space and communicates only in a direction from the drug guide path toward the internal space; and a capacity changing mechanism that changes the capacity of the internal space; It is provided with.

  In the drug administration device according to the present invention as set forth in the invention described above, the capacity changing mechanism has a moving member movable in the axial direction of the housing, and the housing is separated from the internal space and the liquid by the moving member. It is characterized by having lumens that are closely spaced.

  In the drug administration device according to the present invention as set forth in the invention described above, the casing has a lumen separated by the internal space and a shape-variable partition, and the capacity changing mechanism changes the shape of the partition. It is characterized by being.

  In the drug administration device according to the present invention as set forth in the invention described above, the shape-variable partition is a balloon or bellows partition.

  In the drug administration device according to the present invention as set forth in the invention described above, the capacity changing mechanism has a linear operation member that changes the capacity of the internal space from the outside.

  The drug administration device according to the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described invention, the drug administration device has a magnet or a spring member for assisting the operation of the linear operation member.

  In the medicine administration device according to the present invention as set forth in the invention described above, the casing has a lumen separated from the internal space, and the capacity changing mechanism includes a pressure fluctuation unit that fluctuates the pressure inside the lumen. It is characterized by having.

  The drug administration device according to the present invention may further include a moving member that separates the internal space and the lumen in the above invention, and the pressure fluctuation unit is in a state where the drug is filled in the internal space. By increasing the pressure in the lumen, the moving member moves forward in the axial direction of the housing, narrows the volume of the internal space, discharges the medicine, and the pressure fluctuation unit reduces the pressure in the lumen. Thus, the moving member is configured to retract in the axial direction of the housing, expand the capacity of the internal space, and guide the drug to the internal space using the internal space as a negative pressure. And

  In the medicine administration device according to the present invention as set forth in the invention described above, the variable capacity mechanism includes an actuator that changes the capacity of the internal space.

  Further, in the drug administration device according to the present invention, in the above invention, the drug guide path or the drug reservoir communicating with the drug guide path includes a space filled with a drug and a space not filled with a drug. It is characterized in that a movable partition wall for partitioning is provided.

  Further, in the drug administration device according to the present invention, in the above invention, the casing has an internal cylinder communicating with the outside through a through hole, and the drug conduit guides the drug to the internal cylinder, The capacity changing mechanism includes a piston capable of liquid-tight movement in the internal cylinder and a mechanism for moving the piston, and the housing is liquid-tightly separated from the internal space in the internal cylinder by the piston. It is characterized by having a lumen.

  Further, in the medicine administration device according to the present invention, in the above invention, the mechanism for moving the piston is the operation wire connected to the piston, the pressure fluctuation unit for changing the pressure inside the lumen, or the electromagnetic force. It is any one of the actuators that move the piston.

  In the drug administration device according to the present invention, in the above invention, the housing includes a lumen, and the lumen is a balloon or a bellows container having an internal space that is not in communication with the lumen. A balloon or bellows container in which the internal space communicates with the outside through the through hole is provided, and the lumen is connected to a pressure fluctuation unit that varies the pressure in the lumen; The medicine is guided to the internal space of the balloon or the bellows container, and the first one-way valve communicates only in the direction from the internal space of the balloon or the bellows container to the outside, and the second one-way valve The valve is provided at an outlet of the drug conduit to the internal space, and communicates only in a direction from the drug conduit toward the internal space.

  According to the present invention, the elongated casing having the internal space communicating with the outside through the through hole, the drug guide path for guiding the drug to the internal space, and the through hole, which communicates only in the direction from the internal space toward the outside. A first one-way valve to be provided, a second one-way valve provided at an outlet to the internal space of the drug conduit, and communicated only in a direction from the drug conduit to the internal space, and a capacity to change the capacity of the internal space A change mechanism is provided, and by changing the volume of the internal space, a predetermined amount of drug can be accurately stored in the internal space of the housing, and further, the drug in the internal space can be discharged to the outside from the through hole. It can be controlled accurately.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a main part of the drug administration device according to the first embodiment. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tip of the drug administration device shown in FIG. 1 cut along the axial direction. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a drug filling process to the drug guide path of the drug administration device shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a drug filling process in the internal space of the drug administration device shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a procedure for administering a drug from the drug administration device shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the first modification of the first embodiment cut along the axial direction. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the second modification of the first embodiment cut along the axial direction. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the third modification of the first embodiment cut along the axial direction. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a tubular member constituting the piston and the drug guide path shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the second embodiment cut along the axial direction. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the second embodiment cut along the axial direction. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the third embodiment cut along the axial direction. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of another drug administration device according to the third embodiment cut along an axial direction. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the fourth embodiment cut along the axial direction. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the fifth embodiment cut along the axial direction. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of another drug administration device according to Embodiment 5 cut along the axial direction. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the sixth embodiment cut along the axial direction.

  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A drug administration device that punctures a living body tissue of a mammal including a human and administers the drug will be described below as a mode for carrying out the present invention with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. In the description of the drawings, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a main part of the drug administration device according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, a drug administration device 1 according to the present embodiment administers a drug into a living tissue of a mammal including a human. The drug administration device 1 has an elongated casing 2, and a through hole 4 is provided at the tip 3 of the casing 2. And from the inside of the housing 2, the base end part of the wire 7 which is a linear operation member is extended | stretched. The housing 2 is formed of a biocompatible and flexible material (for example, silicon, Teflon (registered trademark), polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene).

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device 1 cut along the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 2 (1), inside the housing 2, there are an internal cylinder 5 that communicates with the outside through a through hole 4, and a piston 6 that is a moving member that can move inside the internal cylinder 5 in a liquid-tight manner. Is provided. The tip end of the wire 7 is mechanically connected to the piston 6, and the piston 6 also moves along the axial direction of the housing 2 when the proximal end portion of the wire 7 moves back and forth by the operation of the operator. Thus, the wire 7 is a mechanism for moving the piston 6.

  FIG. 2A shows a case where the piston 6 is in the foremost position. As shown in FIG. 2 (1), the position of the piston 6 is regulated at the tip of the inner cylinder 5 when the tip of the piston 6 abuts against the inner wall 8 of the tip of the inner cylinder 5.

  FIG. 2 (2) shows a case where the piston 6 enters the final position. As shown in FIG. 2 (2), the piston 6 is positioned at the rear end portion of the inner cylinder 5 by the base end surface of the piston 6 coming into contact with the bottom surface 9 at the rear end of the inner cylinder 5.

  An internal space 10 surrounded by the internal cylinder 5 and the piston 6 is defined on the tip side of the piston 6, and the capacity of the internal space 10 is the minimum capacity shown in FIG. ) To the maximum capacity shown in FIG.

  The housing 2 has a proximal-side inner lumen 22 on the proximal side, and the distal end of the proximal-side inner lumen 22 is a distal-side inner lumen 21 that is a space behind the piston 6 in the inner cylinder 5. And the internal lumen 20 is configured. Therefore, the piston 6 separates the internal space 10 and the internal lumen 20 in a liquid-tight manner. The piston 6 moves in the internal cylinder 5 along the axial direction by operating the wire 7, thereby changing the capacity of the internal space 10 formed at the proximal end. Thus, the piston 6 and the wire 7 connected to the piston 6 function as a capacity changing mechanism that changes the capacity of the internal space 10.

  In addition, a drug guide path 11 that guides a drug to the internal space 10 is provided inside the housing 2. The drug conduit 11 communicates with the drug reservoir 12. A septum 15, which is a movable partition, is provided on the bottom surface of the drug reservoir 12, and the septum 15 includes a space 13 in which a drug is filled in a drug filling process in FIG. The space 14 that is not filled with a drug is partitioned. The position of the septum 15 is within the reservoir 12 according to the displacement of the drug amount, for example, from the proximal end P1 shown in FIG. 2 (1) to the distal end P2 shown in FIG. 2 (2). Move back and forth. The septum 15 is made of an elastic material. The space 14 continues to the opening on the base end side of the housing 2. Further, as will be described later, a configuration in which the drug reservoir 12 is eliminated and the drug guide path 11 also serves as the drug reservoir 12 is possible. In this case, the septum 15 is located in the drug guide path 11.

  Furthermore, the through-hole 4 is provided with a first one-way valve 16 that communicates only in the direction from the internal space 10 toward the outside. A second one-way valve 17 that communicates only in the direction from the drug guide 11 toward the internal space 10 is provided at the outlet of the drug guide 11 to the internal space 10.

  Next, a drug filling method in the drug administration device 1 shown in FIGS. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a procedure for filling the drug guide 11 and the drug reservoir 12 of the drug administration device 1 with the drug.

  FIG. 3 (1) shows an initial state in which no medicine is filled. In this case, the septum 15 is located at the most distal end side end portion P <b> 2 of the drug reservoir 12. Further, the drug guide path 11 on the distal end side of the drug reservoir 12 is empty. In addition, the piston 6 is in a state in which the tip surface is in contact with the tip inner wall 8 of the internal cylinder 5.

  FIG. 3 (2) shows a state where the septum 15 is punctured and penetrated by the drug injector 25. The medicine injector 25 is inserted from the proximal end side opening of the housing 2 as indicated by an arrow Y1. The drug injector 25 is supplied with a drug from the proximal end of the drug injector 25 and can discharge the drug from the distal end of the drug injector 25. By starting the injection of the drug by the drug injector 25, the drug is first filled in the drug guide path 11, and then the drug is filled in the drug reservoir 12. With the filling of the medicine into the medicine reservoir 12, the septum 15 located at the distal end P2 is pushed by the medicine and moves to the rear proximal end P1 side as indicated by the arrow Y2.

  In order to adapt to the movement of the septum 15, the distal end portion of the drug injector 25 is provided with a flexible portion 26 that can be easily extended and contracted. For example, in the example shown in FIG. 3B, the flexible portion 26 has a spiral shape. The flexible portion 26 absorbs the movement in the arrow Y2 direction by this spiral shape, and makes the septum 15 easy to move in the arrow Y2 direction. A stopper 25a is provided at the distal end of the flexible portion 26 of the drug injector 25 so that the septum 15 does not slide on the drug injector 25 tip during drug injection.

  Then, after the septum 15 has moved to the proximal end P1 and filling of the medicine into the medicine reservoir 12 has been completed, the medicine injector 25 is pulled out of the septum 15 as shown in FIG. In the septum 15, after the drug injector 25 is pulled out, the puncture port by the drug injector 25 is closed by elasticity. When filling the medicine, in order to remove the air from the medicine reservoir 12, it is necessary to inject the medicine with the medicine injector 25 while inserting a hollow needle for air venting and releasing air from the proximal end of the needle.

  Next, the procedure for filling the internal space 10 of the drug administration device 1 with a drug will be described. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a procedure for filling the internal space 10 of the drug administration device 1 with the drug 27. As shown in FIG. 4 (1), the medicine guide path 11 and the medicine reservoir 12 are filled with the medicine by the procedure shown in FIG. On the other hand, the internal space 10 is in a state in which the volume of the piston 6 is zero or close to zero and is not filled with the medicine because the tip surface of the piston 6 is in contact with the tip inner wall 8 of the internal cylinder 5. Therefore, as shown by the arrow Y3 in FIGS. 4 (1) and 4 (2), the wire 7 is pulled to the rear proximal side. As a result, the piston 6 moves to the rear proximal side, the internal space 10 is expanded, and the volume of the internal space 10 is expanded. By this expansion, a pressure (negative pressure) in the proximal direction is applied to the internal space 10. As a result, a part of the medicine 27 in the medicine guide path 11 moves into the internal space 10 through the second one-way valve 17 as indicated by an arrow Y4 and fills the internal space 10. Further, in accordance with the movement of a part of the medicine 27, the septum 15 moves to the front end side as indicated by an arrow Y5. Note that the wire 7 is pulled out until the base end surface of the piston 6 contacts the bottom surface 9 at the rear end of the cylinder 5.

  Next, a procedure for administering a drug from the drug administration device 1 will be described. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a procedure for administering a drug from the drug administration device 1. In order to administer the drug, the wire 7 is moved to the front tip side as indicated by an arrow Y6 in a state where the drug 27 is filled in the internal space 10 as shown in FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5 (2), the piston 6 moves to the front tip side, and the volume of the internal space 10 is reduced to press the medicine 27. Accordingly, the medicine 27 filled in the internal space 10 passes through the first one-way valve 16 and is discharged from the through hole 4 as indicated by an arrow Y7. The wire 7 is moved until the tip surface of the piston 6 contacts the tip inner wall 8 of the inner cylinder 5. In addition, by controlling the moving speed of the wire 7 to the distal end side, the medicine 27 can be discharged quickly and the medicine 27 can be discharged slowly.

  By performing the operation described above, an amount of the medicine 27 corresponding to the volume of the internal space 10 can be accurately discharged out of the medicine administration device 1. In the drug administration device 1, the capacity of the internal space 10 is accurately determined by the inner diameter of the internal cylinder 5 and the movable length of the piston 6 (the distance between the front end inner wall 8 of the cylinder 5 and the front end surface of the piston 6 at the foremost position). It is prescribed. Therefore, the drug administration device 1 can stably and accurately administer an amount of drug even under various conditions.

  In the medicine administration device 1 according to the first embodiment, medicine can be administered without using a pump. For example, by setting the inner diameter of the inner cylinder 5 to a small diameter such as 1 mm, the capacity of the inner space 10 is increased. It can also be set to a minute value of about several μl. Of course, in the medicine administration device 1 according to the first embodiment, since a pump is not used, it is not necessary to precondition the pump pressure control. Further, in the medicine administration device 1, since a predetermined amount of medicine is filled in the tip portion and the medicine 27 is discharged from the tip, regardless of the posture of the medicine administration target and the bending state of the housing 2 due to the movement of the medicine administration target. The amount of the medicine 27 discharged at a time can be accurately controlled.

  Then, as the wire 7 is pulled to the rear proximal side as indicated by an arrow Y8 in FIG. 5 (3), the piston 6 also moves to the rear proximal side, and the internal space 10 is expanded. Since the negative pressure is applied to the internal space 10 by this expansion, a part of the drug 27 moves from the drug guide path 11 into the internal space 10 through the second one-way valve 17 as indicated by an arrow Y9. Fill the internal space 10. As a result, the medicine 27 is refilled in the internal space 10. Note that the septum 15 moves to the front end side as indicated by an arrow Y10 in accordance with the movement of a part of the medicine 27. And the chemical | medical agent administration apparatus 1 can discharge the predetermined amount of chemical | medical agents filled again by performing the procedure shown in FIG. As described above, in the drug administration device 1, a desired volume of drug can be accurately administered by repeating the filling process and the discharge process shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 a predetermined number of times.

(Modification 1 of Embodiment 1)
Next, Modification 1 of Embodiment 1 will be described. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the first modification of the first embodiment cut along the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 6 (1), the drug administration device 1a according to the first modification of the first embodiment is made of a magnetic material such as a metal instead of the piston 6 as compared with the drug administration device 1. And a magnet 30 disposed on the distal end side of the drug reservoir 12.

  Similarly to the drug administration device 1, the drug administration device 1a is in the state where the drug 27 is filled in the internal space 10 as shown in FIG. As Y6 moves the wire 7 to the front tip side, the piston 6a moves to the tip side and presses the medicine 27, and the medicine 27 passes through the first one-way valve 16 as shown by the arrow Y7. Is discharged from the through hole 4.

  Then, the piston 6a is attracted to the magnet 30 and moves to the rear bottom surface 9 as indicated by an arrow Y8a in FIG. 6 (3), and the internal space 10 is expanded. That is, in the medicine administration device 1a, the piston 6a moves to the proximal end side by the magnetic force caused by the magnet 30 without the operator operating the wire 7. For this reason, in the medicine administration device 1a, by providing the magnet 30 for assisting the operation of the wire 7, it is possible to reduce the wire operation burden on the operator when filling the medicine.

  Then, since the negative pressure is applied to the internal space 10 by this expansion, a part of the drug 27 moves from the drug guide path 11 into the internal space 10 through the second one-way valve 17 as indicated by an arrow Y9. To fill the internal space 10. In this case, the wire 7 does not need to be fixed to the piston 6a, and may be configured to be applied when pushed.

(Modification 2 of Embodiment 1)
Next, a second modification of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the second modification of the first embodiment cut along the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 7 (1), the drug administration device 1b according to the second modification of the first embodiment includes a spring disposed on the proximal end side of the distal end inner lumen 21 as compared with the drug administration device 1. 31 is further provided. The spring 31 is connected to the proximal end surface of the piston 6 on the distal end side and has a function of urging the piston 6 toward the distal end side.

  The drug administration device 1b, like the drug administration device 1, releases the operation of the wire 7 after the wire 7 is pulled to the proximal end side and the internal space 10 is filled with the drug 27 as shown in FIG. 7 (1). To do. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7B, the piston 6 moves to the distal end side as indicated by the arrow Y6b by the urging force of the spring 31, and presses the medicine 27. As a result, the medicine 27 passes through the first one-way valve 16 and is discharged from the through hole 4 as indicated by an arrow Y7. That is, in the medicine administration device 1b, the piston 6 moves to the front tip side by the biasing force of the spring 31 without the operator operating the wire 7. For this reason, in the medicine administration device 1b, by providing the spring 31 for assisting the operation of the wire 7, it is possible to reduce the wire operation burden on the operator when the medicine is discharged.

  Thereafter, as shown by an arrow Y8 in FIG. 7 (3), the wire 7 is pulled to the rear base end side, whereby the piston 6 is also moved to the rear base end side, and the internal space 10 is expanded. Since the negative pressure is applied to the internal space 10 by this expansion, a part of the drug 27 moves from the drug guide path 11 into the internal space 10 through the second one-way valve 17 as indicated by an arrow Y9. Fill the internal space 10. As a result, the medicine 27 is refilled in the internal space 10. Note that the septum 15 moves to the front end side as indicated by an arrow Y10 in accordance with the movement of a part of the medicine 27.

(Modification 3 of Embodiment 1)
Next, a third modification of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the third modification of the first embodiment cut along the axial direction. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a tubular member constituting the piston and the drug guide path shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, in the drug administration device 1c according to the third modification of the first embodiment, the drug guide path 11c in the housing 2c is configured by a tubular member 11d penetrating the piston 6c. The piston 6c can slide in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the tubular member 11d as indicated by an arrow Y11.

  A second one-way valve 17 that communicates only in the direction from the drug guide path 11c toward the internal space 10c is provided at the distal end of the drug guide path 11c. The second one-way valve 17 is provided at a position where the second one-way valve 17 comes into contact with the inner end wall 8c of the inner cylinder 5c. In addition, a drug 27 is supplied to the drug guide path 11c at a predetermined pressure by a pump from a drug reservoir (not shown) connected at the base end. Therefore, the medicine administration device 1c can be configured such that the septum 15 shown in FIG. 2 is omitted.

  And the internal lumen 20c comprised by the front end side internal lumen 21c and the base end side internal lumen 22c is connected to the pressure fluctuation | variation unit 40 which fluctuates the internal pressure of the internal lumen 20c in a base end part. The pressure fluctuation unit 40 is constituted by a pump, for example, and moves the piston 6c to the front end side or the base end side by changing the internal pressure of the internal lumen 20c.

  Next, a drug filling process and a drug administration process in the drug administration device 1c will be described. First, in order to fill the internal space with the medicine 27, the pressure fluctuation unit 40 is driven to apply the pressure in the proximal direction indicated by the arrow Y12 in FIG. As a result, the piston 6c moves backward along the tubular member 11d to the bottom surface 9c on the base end side as indicated by an arrow Y13, and the internal space 10c is expanded. That is, the capacity of the internal space 10c is expanded. Along with this, a part of the medicine 27 in the medicine guide path 11c moves through the second one-way valve 17 into the internal space 10c as shown by an arrow Y9 to fill the internal space 10c. That is, when the pressure fluctuation unit 40 reduces the pressure in the internal lumen 20c, the piston 6c is retracted in the axial direction of the housing 2c, and the capacity of the internal space 10c is increased to make the internal space 10c a negative pressure. 27 drugs are introduced in 10c.

  And in order to discharge the chemical | medical agent 27 of the internal space 10c outside, the pressure of the front end side direction shown by arrow Y15 of FIG. 8 (3) is applied by driving the pressure fluctuation | variation unit 40. FIG. As a result, the piston 6c moves forward along the tubular member 11d toward the distal end as indicated by an arrow Y16, narrows the capacity of the internal space 10c, and presses the medicine 27. Accordingly, the medicine 27 filled in the internal space 10c passes through the first one-way valve 16 and is discharged from the through hole 4 as indicated by an arrow Y7. That is, when the pressure variation unit 40 increases the pressure in the internal lumen 20c while the internal space 10c is filled with the medicine 27, the piston 6c moves forward in the axial direction of the housing 2c, and the capacity of the internal space 10c is increased. The medicine 27 is discharged with a narrowing.

  As described above, in the drug administration device 1c, the drug guide path 11c is configured by the tubular member 11d penetrating the piston 6c. Therefore, even when the through hole 4 serving as the drug discharge port is provided at the distal end of the drug administration device 1c. It is not necessary to bypass the internal cylinder in order to reach the drug guide path to the tip of the drug administration device. In other words, in the medicine administration device 1c, since the medicine guide path 11c is configured to penetrate the piston 6c, the medicine administration apparatus bypassing the internal cylinder to reach the medicine guide path to the tip of the medicine administration device. Compared to 1, it is possible to make the casings thinner.

  Moreover, in the medicine administration device 1c, the pressure fluctuation unit 40 is provided, and the piston 6c is moved back and forth by the fluctuation of the internal pressure of the internal lumen 20c. Therefore, in the medicine administration device 1c, since the wire 7 in the medicine administration device 1 can be deleted, even when the casing is laid in a bent shape, the operability is not hindered, and the medicine filling process and the medicine ejection process are smoothly performed. Can be done.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, the drug reservoir is also used as a drug reservoir, so that the drug reservoir in the first embodiment is omitted, and the size of the casing is reduced. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the second embodiment cut along the axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 10 (1), the drug administration device 201 according to the second embodiment is provided with a drug conduit 211 inside the housing 202, and the drug guide 211 is the drug in the first embodiment. Also serves as a reservoir. The septum 15 is provided in the drug conduit 211 and can move to the tip of the drug conduit 211.

  Similarly to the housing 2, the housing 202 has an internal lumen 220 constituted by a distal end side internal lumen 221 and a proximal end side internal lumen 222 constituting the internal cylinder 205, and moves back and forth in the internal cylinder 205. It has a piston 206 that is possible.

  Next, a medicine filling process and a medicine administration process in the medicine administration apparatus 201 will be described. First, in order to fill the internal space with the drug 27, the piston 206 is moved to the proximal end side as indicated by an arrow Y23 in FIG. As a result, the internal space 210 is expanded, and pressure (negative pressure) in the proximal direction is applied to the internal space 210 due to the expansion, and a part of the drug 27 in the drug guide path 211 is second as shown by the arrow Y24. Moves through the one-way valve 17 into the internal space 210 and fills the internal space 210. Then, in accordance with the movement of a part of the medicine 27, the septum 15 moves to the distal end side as indicated by an arrow Y25. The piston 206 moves until it comes into contact with the bottom surface 209 at the rear end of the internal cylinder 205, thereby filling the internal space 210 with the maximum amount of medicine 27.

  In order to discharge the medicine 27 in the internal space 210 to the outside, the wire 7 is moved to the front end side as indicated by an arrow Y26 in FIG. 10 (3) while the medicine 27 is filled in the internal space 210. Move. As a result, the piston 206 moves to the distal end side as indicated by the arrow Y26a and presses the medicine 27, and the medicine 27 filled in the internal space 210 passes through the first one-way valve 16 and is indicated by the arrow Y27. In this way, the ink is discharged from the through hole 4. The piston 206 moves until it contacts the inner wall 208 at the front end of the inner cylinder 205, thereby discharging all the medicine 27 in the inner space 210 from the through hole 4.

  As described above, the drug administration device 201 can perform drug filling and drug administration by repeating the processes shown in FIGS. 10 (2) and 10 (3). Can be accurately administered. In the drug administration device 201, the septum 15 can move to the distal end surface 211a of the drug guide path 211, as indicated by an arrow Y28 in FIG. For this reason, in the medicine administration device 201, since the dead volume in the medicine guide path 211 in which the medicine that is not discharged remains, the filled medicine can be administered without waste.

  Note that the drug guide path 211 is not limited to a pipe material as illustrated, and may be formed of a soft bag. In this case, the septum can be fixed in the bag, which is advantageous for the injection operation by the drug injector.

(Embodiment 3)
Next, Embodiment 3 will be described. In the third embodiment, the piston is moved by changing the internal pressure of the internal lumen by the pressure changing unit via the fluid. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the third embodiment cut along the axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 12 (1), the drug administration device 301 according to the third embodiment has a configuration in which the wire 7 is omitted as compared with the drug administration device 201 shown in FIG. The drug administration device 301 includes a pump 340 connected to the proximal end portion of the internal lumen 220. The region 214, the distal end side internal lumen 221, and the proximal end side internal lumen 222 are filled with a fluid 328. The region 214 is a region on the proximal end side of the drug guide channel 211 that is partitioned from the drug guide channel 211 by the septum 15 and is a region that is not filled with the drug. Pump 340 moves fluid 328 between region 214 and distal inner lumen 221 and proximal inner lumen 222. As a result, the pump 340 varies the pressure inside the internal lumen 220.

  Next, a medicine filling process and a medicine administration process in the medicine administration apparatus 301 will be described. First, in order to fill the internal space 210 with the medicine 27, by driving the pump 340, from the distal end side internal lumen 221 and the proximal end side internal lumen 222 as shown by an arrow Y31 in FIG. The fluid 328 is moved to As the fluid 328 moves, the piston 206 moves to the proximal end side as indicated by an arrow Y32. As a result, the internal space 210 is expanded, and a part of the drug 27 in the drug guide path 211 moves into the internal space 210 through the second one-way valve 17 as indicated by an arrow Y33, and the internal space 210 is Fulfill. The septum 15 moves to the distal end side in accordance with the movement of a part of the medicine 27. Further, the piston 206 moves until it abuts against the bottom surface 209 at the rear end of the internal cylinder 205, thereby filling the internal space 210 with the maximum amount of medicine 27.

  In order to discharge the medicine 27 in the internal space 210 to the outside, by driving the pump 340, as shown by the arrow Y34 in FIG. 12 (3), the distal end side internal lumen 221 and the proximal end side inner portion are removed from the pump 340. Lumen 222 is refilled with fluid 328. As a result, the piston 206 moves to the distal end side as indicated by an arrow Y35 and presses the drug 27, and the drug 27 filled in the internal space 210 passes through the first one-way valve 16 and moves to the arrow Y36. In this way, the ink is discharged from the through hole 4. The piston 206 moves until it contacts the inner wall 208 at the front end of the inner cylinder 205, thereby discharging all the medicine 27 in the inner space 210 from the through hole 4.

  As described above, the drug administration apparatus 301 can perform drug filling and drug administration by repeating the processes shown in FIGS. 12 (2) and 12 (3). Can be accurately administered.

  In the drug administration device 301, the pump 340 may have a function of collecting the liquid in the distal end side internal lumen 221, the proximal end side internal lumen 222, and the region 214 instead of the function of moving the fluid 328. In this case, in order to fill the internal space 210 with the medicine 27, the fluid 328 of the distal end side internal lumen 221 and the proximal end side internal lumen 222 is collected by driving the pump 340 and the region 214 is replenished with the fluid 328. do it. In order to discharge the medicine 27 in the internal space 210 to the outside, the fluid 328 may be replenished to the distal end side internal lumen 221 and the proximal end side internal lumen 222 by driving the pump 340.

  Further, as shown in the drug administration device 301a of FIG. 13, a drug injector that is provided with a drug replenishment path 311a connected to the drug conduit 211 in the housing 302 constituting the drug administration apparatus 301a and punctures the drug replenishment port 311b. 25 to 25 may be supplemented. The drug replenishing port 311b is covered with an elastic member, and the elastic member closes the puncture port with elasticity after the drug injector 25 is pulled out. Then, a fluid replenishment path 314a connected to the region 214 may be provided to replenish the fluid 328 from the fluid replenishment port 314b. The fluid replenishing port 314b is covered with an elastic member in the same manner as the medicine replenishing port 311b.

(Embodiment 4)
Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. In the fourth embodiment, a case will be described in which a through-hole for discharging a drug is provided on the side of the housing, not on the tip of the housing. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the fourth embodiment cut along the axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 14 (1), the drug administration device 401 according to the fourth embodiment is provided with a through hole 404 on the side surface of the housing 402. An inner cylinder 405 having a piston 406 is provided inside the housing 402 toward the distal end side with respect to the through hole 404. The through-hole 404 is provided with a first one-way valve 16 that communicates only in the direction from the internal space 410 shown in FIG. The housing interior 402 is provided with a drug conduit 411 that is connected to the internal cylinder 405 via the second one-way valve 17.

  Electromagnets 430a and 430b are provided on the inner wall 408 at the front end of the inner cylinder 405 and the bottom surface 409 on the base end side, respectively. The electromagnets 430a and 430b are connected to a control device (not shown) on the base end side by a connection line (not shown), and generate and stop a magnetic field under the control of the control device. The piston 406 is made of a magnetic material such as metal.

  Next, a medicine filling process and a medicine administration process in the medicine administration apparatus 401 will be described. First, in the drug administration device 401, in order to fill the internal space with the drug 27, a current is supplied to the electromagnet 430a located on the distal end side to generate a magnetic field in the electromagnet 430a. In this case, no current is supplied to the electromagnet 430b. As a result, the piston 406 is attracted to the electromagnet 430a as shown by an arrow Y41 in FIG. As a result, the internal space 410 is expanded, and a part of the drug 27 in the drug guide channel 411 moves into the internal space 410 through the second one-way valve 17 as indicated by an arrow Y42. Fulfill.

  In order to discharge the medicine 27 in the internal space 410 to the outside, the current supply to the electromagnet 430a located on the distal end side is stopped to stop the generation of the magnetic field by the electromagnet 430a, and the electromagnet 430b located on the proximal end side is stopped. A current is supplied to generate a magnetic field in the electromagnet 430b. As a result, the piston 406 is attracted to the electromagnet 430b and moves to the bottom surface 409 as indicated by an arrow Y43 in FIG. The movement of the piston 406 presses the medicine 27, and the medicine 27 passes through the first one-way valve 16 and is discharged from the through hole 404 as indicated by an arrow Y44.

  As described above, in the medicine ejection device 401, the magnetic fields are generated in the electromagnets 430a and 430b according to the medicine filling and medicine ejection, whereby the piston 406 can be moved to perform medicine filling and medicine administration. As with 1, the desired volume of drug can be accurately administered. Further, in the drug administration device 401, since the drug guide channel 411 and the inner cylinder 405 can be arranged in series along the axial direction, the drug administration device 401 is compared with the drug administration device 1 in which the drug guide channel and the inner cylinder are arranged in parallel. Thus, the meridian of the skeleton can be made.

  In the fourth embodiment, the case where the generation of the magnetic field of the other electromagnets 430a and 430b is stopped when the magnetic field of one of the electromagnets 430a and 430b is generated has been described as an example, but of course the electromagnet 430a that separates the piston 406 is used. , 430b, the current supply is controlled so that a magnetic field in a direction opposite to that of the electromagnets 430a, 430b attracting the piston 406 is generated, so that the piston 406 generates a repulsive force against the electromagnets 430a, 430b separating the piston 406. May be.

(Embodiment 5)
Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. In the fifth embodiment, a case where a balloon whose shape can be expanded is provided will be described. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the fifth embodiment cut along the axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 15 (1), in the drug administration device 501 according to the fifth embodiment, the internal lumen 520 is provided with a balloon 540 that communicates with the outside through the through hole 4. The balloon 540 communicates with the through hole 4 and also communicates with the drug guide path 511. The internal space of the balloon 540 is separated by the internal lumen 520 and the partition wall of the shape-variable balloon 540, and the internal space of the balloon 540 and the internal lumen 520 are not in communication.

  The inner lumen 520 is provided with a limiter frame 541 that defines the maximum capacity of the balloon 540. The limiter frame 541 allows fluid to pass freely, but the balloon 540 cannot be expanded beyond this. The limiter frame 541 can be formed of, for example, a net having a fixed shape. This defines the maximum capacity of the internal space. Further, the pressure fluctuation unit 40 is connected to the proximal end side of the inner lumen 520.

  Next, a medicine filling process and a medicine administration process in the medicine administration apparatus 501 will be described. First, in order to fill the internal space of the balloon 540 with the medicine 27, the pressure fluctuation unit 40 is driven to apply a pressure in the proximal direction indicated by an arrow Y51 in FIG. As a result, the balloon 540 expands to the proximal side as indicated by an arrow Y52 in accordance with the pressure in the proximal direction, and an internal space 510 is generated. Along with the expansion of the balloon 540, a part of the drug 27 in the drug guide channel 511 moves through the second one-way valve 17 into the internal space 510 as shown by an arrow Y52a to fill the internal space 510. Note that the maximum capacity of the internal space 510 is defined by the limiter frame 541 as described above.

  And in order to discharge the chemical | medical agent 27 of the internal space 510 outside, the pressure fluctuation | variation unit 40 is driven, and the pressure of the front end side direction shown by arrow Y53 of FIG. 15 (3) is applied. As a result, the balloon 540 contracts toward the distal end side as indicated by an arrow Y53a and presses the medicine 27. Accordingly, the medicine 27 filled in the internal space 510 passes through the first one-way valve 16 and is discharged from the through hole 4 as indicated by an arrow Y54.

  As described above, in the drug administration device 501, the maximum volume of the internal space 510 inside the balloon 540 is accurately defined by the limiter frame 541. Therefore, even in the drug administration device 501, a stable and accurate amount of drug can be supplied. Can be administered.

  In Embodiment 5, a bellows container 540a may be provided instead of the balloon 540, as shown in the medicine administration device 501a of FIG. As shown in FIG. 16, the bellows container 540 a communicates with the through hole 4 and also with the drug guide path 511, similar to the balloon 540, and the internal space of the bellows container 540 a has an internal lumen 520 and a shape. It is separated by a variable partition and is not in communication with the internal lumen 520. In the case of the bellows container 540a, since the maximum capacity is defined by the container forming member, the limiter frame 541 may be deleted.

  Also in this case, similarly to the drug administration device 501, by driving the pressure fluctuation unit 40, pressure in the proximal direction shown by the arrow Y51 in FIG. 16 (2) is applied, and the bellows container 540a is moved as shown by the arrow Y52b. To create an internal space 510a. Along with this, a part of the medicine 27 in the medicine guide 511 moves through the second one-way valve 17 into the internal space 510a as shown by an arrow Y52c to fill the internal space 510a.

  And in order to discharge the chemical | medical agent 27 of the internal space 510a outside, the pressure fluctuation | variation unit 40 is driven, the pressure of the front end direction shown by the arrow Y53 of FIG. 16 (3) is added, and the bellows container 540a is made into arrow Y53b. The medicine 27 is pressed by being contracted to the distal end side. Accordingly, the medicine 27 filled in the internal space 510a passes through the first one-way valve 16 and is discharged from the through hole 4 as indicated by an arrow Y54. The drug administration device 501a may also be provided with a limiter frame 541 to strictly define the maximum capacity of the internal space.

(Embodiment 6)
Next, a sixth embodiment will be described. In the sixth embodiment, a case where an actuator for moving a piston by electromagnetic force is provided will be described. FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the distal end portion of the drug administration device according to the sixth embodiment cut along the axial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 17 (1), in the drug administration device 601 according to the sixth embodiment, compared to the drug administration device 1c shown in FIG. 8, a stator 641 is provided on the side surface of the internal cylinder 5c in the housing 602. On the side of the piston 606, a rotor 642 that engages with the stator 641 is provided. The stator 641 and the rotor 642 form a so-called linear stepping motor and operate in synchronization with electric power supplied from a control unit (not shown).

  Next, a medicine filling process and a medicine administration process in the medicine administration apparatus 601 will be described. First, in order to fill the internal space with the medicine 27, the rotor 642 is moved in the direction indicated by the arrow Y61 in FIG. Along with this, the piston 606 also moves to the proximal end side indicated by the arrow Y61, the internal space 10c expands, and a part of the medicine 27 in the medicine guide path 11c becomes the second one-way valve 17 as indicated by the arrow Y62. And moves into the internal space 10c to fill the internal space 10c.

  And in order to discharge the chemical | medical agent 27 of the internal space 10c outside, the rotor 642 is moved to the direction shown by arrow Y63 of FIG. 17 (3) by operating the control part which is not shown in figure. Accordingly, the piston 606 moves to the distal end side indicated by the arrow Y63 to press the medicine 27, and the medicine 27 filled in the internal space 10c passes through the first one-way valve 16 and is indicated by the arrow Y64. In this way, the ink is discharged from the through hole 4.

  As described above, in the drug administration device 601, the piston 606 can be moved stepwise by the linear stepping motor, so that the volume of the internal space 10c can be accurately defined in a plurality of steps, and the dose of the drug is more strictly controlled. Can be adjusted.

1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 201, 301, 301a, 401, 501, 501a, 601 Drug administration device 2, 2c, 202, 302, 402, 502, 602 Housing 3 Tip 4, 404 Through hole 5, 5c, 205 , 405 Internal cylinder 6, 6a, 6c, 206, 406, 606 Piston 7 Wire 8, 8c, 208, 408 Tip inner wall 9, 9c, 209, 409 Bottom surface 10, 10c, 210, 410, 510, 510a Internal space 11, 11c, 211, 411, 511 Drug passage 11d Tubular member 12 Drug reservoir 13, 14 Space 214 Region 15 Septum 16 First one-way valve 17 Second one-way valve 20, 20c, 220, 520 Internal lumen 21, 21c , 221 End side internal lumen 22,22c, 222 Base end side internal lumen 25 Drug Injector 25a Stopper 26 Flexible part 27 Drug 30 Magnet 31 Spring 40 Pressure fluctuation unit 211a Tip surface 328 Fluid 340 Pump 311a Drug replenishment path 311b Drug replenishment port 314a Fluid replenishment path 314b Fluid replenishment port 430a, 430b Electromagnetic magnet 540 Balloon balloon 40 Limiter frame 641 Stator 642 Rotor

Claims (13)

A drug administration device that administers a drug into a living tissue of a mammal including a human,
An elongated casing having an internal space communicating with the outside through a through hole;
A drug conduit for guiding the drug to the internal space;
A first one-way valve provided in the through hole and communicating only in a direction from the internal space toward the outside;
A second one-way valve provided at an outlet of the drug guide path to the internal space and communicating only in a direction from the drug guide path to the internal space;
A capacity changing mechanism for changing the capacity of the internal space;
A drug administration device comprising: The capacity changing mechanism has a moving member movable in the axial direction of the housing,
The drug administration device according to claim 1, wherein the casing includes a lumen that is liquid-tightly separated from the internal space by the moving member. The housing has a lumen separated by the internal space and a shape-variable partition,
The drug administration device according to claim 1, wherein the capacity changing mechanism changes the shape of the partition wall.   4. The drug administration device according to claim 3, wherein the deformable partition wall is a balloon or bellows partition wall.   The drug administration device according to claim 1, wherein the capacity changing mechanism includes a linear operation member that changes the capacity of the internal space from the outside.   6. The drug administration device according to claim 5, further comprising a magnet or a spring member for assisting the operation of the linear operation member. The housing has a lumen separated from the internal space;
The drug administration device according to claim 1, wherein the capacity changing mechanism includes a pressure fluctuation unit that fluctuates a pressure inside the lumen. A moving member that separates the internal space and the lumen;
When the pressure fluctuation unit increases the pressure in the lumen while the medicine is filled in the internal space, the moving member moves forward in the axial direction of the housing to narrow the capacity of the internal space. To discharge the medicine,
When the pressure fluctuation unit reduces the pressure in the lumen, the moving member moves backward in the axial direction of the housing, expands the capacity of the internal space, and uses the internal space as a negative pressure in the internal space. The drug administration device according to claim 7, wherein the drug administration device is configured to guide the drug.   The drug administration device according to claim 1, wherein the variable capacity mechanism includes an actuator that changes a capacity of the internal space.   The drug reservoir connected to the drug guide path or the drug guide path is provided with a movable partition wall that partitions the space filled with the drug and the space not filled with the drug. The drug administration device according to claim 1, wherein The housing has an internal cylinder communicating with the outside through a through hole,
The drug conduit guides the drug to the inner cylinder,
The capacity changing mechanism is
A piston capable of liquid-tight movement in the inner cylinder;
A mechanism for moving the piston;
With
The drug administration device according to claim 1, wherein the housing includes a lumen that is liquid-tightly separated from the internal space of the internal cylinder by the piston.   The mechanism for moving the piston is any one of an operation wire connected to the piston, a pressure fluctuation unit that fluctuates the pressure inside the lumen, or an actuator that moves the piston by electromagnetic force. The drug administration device according to claim 11. The housing has a lumen;
A balloon or bellows container having the internal space that is not in communication with the lumen is provided in the lumen, and the balloon or bellows container having the internal space communicating with the outside through the through hole is provided. ,
A pressure fluctuation unit that fluctuates the pressure in the lumen is connected to the lumen,
The drug guide channel guides the drug into the internal space of the balloon or the bellows container,
The first one-way valve communicates only in the direction from the inner space of the balloon or the bellows container to the outside;
2. The medicine according to claim 1, wherein the second one-way valve is provided at an outlet of the medicine guide path to the internal space, and communicates only in a direction from the medicine guide path to the internal space. Dosing device.

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