JP2011133313A - Method of measuring sensor position and attitude - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To accurately measure a work object using a main sensor means and a sub sensor means. <P>SOLUTION: An on-hand camera 3 is moved by a manipulator 2, three-dimensional positions and attitudes of a global camera 6 are measured by image information obtained by the on-hand camera 3, and the positions and attitudes of the global camera 6 are measured by the on-hand camera 3 before starting work to the work object W. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sensor position and orientation measurement method used in a system that performs work based on image information obtained from a plurality of movable sensors.

  Industrial robots have been introduced to production sites for various purposes such as stable production of high-quality products and freeing humans from dangerous work and fatigue-related inspections. And in many fields including the automobile industry, it is already indispensable.

  Conventionally, a simple operation has been repeatedly performed by moving and operating a robot manipulator and a work tool attached thereto along a predetermined route. Furthermore, in addition to the work tools, an on-hand camera is attached to the manipulator, and based on the video acquired by the on-hand camera, the work target and the environment are grasped and more advanced work is performed. . In this way, the field of giving robots visual functions is also called robot vision, and many studies have been made. In addition, Cognex Co., Ltd. sells a vision system “In-Sight series”, which can be combined with an industrial robot to give the robot a visual function.

  Furthermore, in addition to the on-hand camera, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of installing a global camera that overlooks the entire work area in the environment. This is a technique for determining robot behavior based on video information from both a global camera and an on-hand camera.

  In a system using both a global camera and an on-hand camera, it is necessary to match the position and orientation of an object in the calculated work space based on video information acquired by each camera. This is a necessary and sufficient condition that the relative positions and relative postures of both cameras are accurately known.

  The position and orientation of the on-hand camera can be calibrated at the time of installation. Then, the position and orientation of the on-hand camera in the coordinate system based on the work environment that is the robot installation environment can be calculated from the position and orientation of the manipulator. Note that a coordinate system based on the subsequent robot installation environment is called a global coordinate system, and unless otherwise specified, the position and orientation of an object are values in the global coordinate system.

  The remaining task is to know the position and orientation of the global camera accurately. This can be realized by securely fixing the global camera to a jig or the like fixed in the work environment and measuring the position and orientation at the time of installation.

  By the way, production of products in factories has shifted from mass production to high-mix low-volume production in order to closely respond to product user preferences. Furthermore, in order to effectively use an expensive industrial robot system, it is required to cope with many tasks by the same robot system.

  Although the optimal global camera placement differs depending on the work performed by the robot, measuring the position and orientation of the global camera each time the work content changes leads to stopping the production line and lowering productivity. It will be. Therefore, it is required to measure the position and orientation of the global camera in a short time, and one possible solution is to attach an encoder to the global camera and its jig.

  As another method, there is a method in which the global camera itself images pre-calibrated landmarks in the environment as a method for measuring the position and orientation of the global camera with little additional hardware. This is a method in which the position where the landmark can be observed is set to the position and orientation of the global camera, as in the case of the image captured by the global camera.

  Patent Document 2 discloses such a technique. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-228561 discloses a method of using the environment itself as CG data and comparing the CG image with the captured image, that is, using the entire environment as a landmark. Further, Patent Document 4 discloses a method of detecting a relative position by allowing cameras to look at each other.

JP-A-3-73284 JP 2005-57592 A JP 7-237158 A JP 2007-327750 A

  However, the method of attaching the encoder to the global camera and its jig requires the work accuracy of the jig, the rigidity of the support such as the frame to fix the jig, and also requires an encoder and an interface to receive the value. There is a problem that leads to cost increase.

  In the method of Patent Document 2, landmarks must be observable from a global camera, and there must be no obstacles between them. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to implement in a situation where the landmark is hidden by the work target or in an environment where it is difficult to install the landmark. In addition, when the principle of triangulation is used for the position and orientation calculation method of the global camera, it is necessary to be able to observe a plurality of landmarks or large landmarks for highly accurate position and orientation measurement. This restriction has a problem that the implementation of the method of Patent Document 2 becomes more difficult.

  The method of Patent Document 3 has a problem that all of the environment must be converted to CG data and is often difficult to implement. Furthermore, every time the site environment is changed, the CG data must also be changed, which causes a problem that maintenance costs increase. In addition, when the work space is not surrounded by an opaque partition, a mechanism for masking an image on the other side of the work space has to be implemented, leading to an increase in system cost.

  Although the method of Patent Document 4 calculates the position of the camera based on the background difference, there is a problem that it is necessary to prepare a mechanism for bouncing the camera itself so that the difference is caused by the difference. In addition, similarly to Patent Document 2, there is a problem that there must be no obstacle between the cameras.

  Further, if the global camera is regarded as a visual assistance device, it is not necessary to be an imaging device, and it may be illumination, or global illumination that emits beam light and slit light. In this case, in order to measure the position and orientation of the visual assistance device, a separate camera that is integrated with the visual assistance device is required, which increases the cost of the system.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a sensor position / orientation measurement method that can solve the above-described problems and can accurately measure the attitude of a work object using main sensor means and auxiliary sensor means.

  In order to achieve the above object, the sensor position and orientation measurement method according to the present invention obtains image information of a target area where a work object can exist or assist sensor means in which a position and orientation for assisting acquisition are determined. And a main sensor means comprising a main sensor moving means capable of instructing movement of the position and orientation with high accuracy in order to acquire at least part of image information or position and orientation information of the work object, and the auxiliary sensor Based on the image information acquired by the main sensor means and the main sensor means, the main sensor means determines the position and posture to be moved and / or the work content, and uses the image information obtained from the main sensor means to work. In a system for performing work on an object, the main sensor means is moved by the main sensor moving means, and the image information obtained from the main sensor means is used to It is configured to measure the three-dimensional position and orientation of the auxiliary sensor means, and prior to performing work on the work object, the position and orientation of the auxiliary sensor means are measured by the main sensor means. .

  According to the sensor position / orientation measurement method of the present invention, the work accuracy of the jig and the rigidity of the support such as the frame to which the jig is fixed are required, and an encoder and an interface for receiving the value are required. Cost increase can be suppressed.

  Further, since the main sensor moves in the work space, there is an effect that there are few situations where the landmark is hidden by the work object. In addition, it is not necessary to install a landmark in the work environment, and a situation where it is difficult to install the landmark can be avoided.

It is a block diagram of the system of the sensor position and orientation measurement method of Example 1. It is a block diagram of a controller. It is an example of a work content / position / posture correspondence table. It is an operation | movement flowchart figure of an application controller. It is explanatory drawing of the principle of triangulation. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a system according to a second embodiment. It is a block diagram of a controller. It is an operation | movement flowchart figure of a controller. FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a system according to a third embodiment. It is a block diagram of a system. It is a block diagram of a controller. It is an operation | movement flowchart figure of an application controller. FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a controller according to a fourth embodiment. It is an operation | movement flowchart figure of a controller.

  The present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an object tracking imaging system to which the sensor position / orientation measurement method of the present embodiment is applied. The robot 1 is provided with a manipulator 2 which is a movable arm, and an on-hand camera 3 which is a main sensor means and a work tool 4 suitable for work contents are attached to the tip of the manipulator 2. The operations of the manipulator 2, the on-hand camera 3, and the work tool 4 can be controlled by the application controller 5. Note that the work tool 4 may be omitted when only work that does not require work tools such as appearance inspection is performed.

  Connected to the controller 5 are a global camera 6 and global illumination means 7 which are auxiliary sensor means. The global camera 6 moves along, for example, a linear rail 8 that is auxiliary sensor moving means, and the global illumination means 7 moves along, for example, a curved rail 9 that is similar auxiliary sensor moving means. Yes.

  The work content in this case is, for example, picking up the work objects W piled up one by one with the work tool 4 and aligning them in a predetermined place of the parts box. At this time, in order to detect the most easily picked up among the many work objects W that are piled up, a part of the image information captured by the global camera 6 is used, and the precision of each work object W is determined. In order to obtain accurate position and orientation information, the on-hand camera 3 of the robot 1 is used.

  In such a configuration, for example, the global camera 6 images a wide range so that the entire work range can be seen, and the on-hand camera 3 is near the work tool 4 so that the work object W can be reliably grasped by the work tool 4. The narrow target area is imaged.

  As described above, the cameras 6 and 3 perform work in cooperation, but these controls are performed by the controller 5. The specific contents of the control of specifying the work object W to be picked up from the images acquired by the cameras 6 and 3, measuring the position and orientation of the work object W, and moving and picking up the manipulator 2 are described in the present invention. Since it is out of range, detailed description is omitted.

  What is important here is that the position and orientation of the work object W must be equal between those calculated from the image captured by the global camera 6 and those calculated from the image captured by the on-hand camera 3. That is. This is a necessary and sufficient condition that the position and orientation of the on-hand camera 3 and the position and orientation of the global camera 6 are accurately known.

  In addition, in order to acquire the three-dimensional shape of the work target W piled up with the global camera 6, you may install the global illumination means 7 which projects slit light and pattern light as needed. In this case, it is necessary to accurately know the position and orientation of the global illumination means 7.

  Depending on the work contents, the optimal arrangement of the global camera 6 and the global illumination means 7 differs. For example, in a situation where the work objects W to be picked up are piled apart, the work objects W are oblique so that the points such as the characteristic vertices and edges of the individual work objects W can be observed well. It is preferable to install the global camera 6 above. Further, in a situation where the work objects W are aligned and stacked, if the global camera 6 is installed at a position where the work objects W are photographed from the side, it is easy to recognize the height of the mountain. Thus, it can be expected that the recognition accuracy of the work object W is improved by optimally arranging the global camera 6 and the global illumination means 7 in accordance with the change of the work content.

  The number of global cameras 6 and global illumination means 7 is not limited to one, and the position and orientation calculation method is the same. Therefore, these are collectively referred to as global devices unless otherwise specified. One or both of the global devices functioning as auxiliary sensor means may be used simultaneously.

  The position and orientation of the on-hand camera 3 as the main sensor means by the main sensor moving means can be measured at the time of installation. This is because the position and orientation of the manipulator 2 relative to the base of the robot 1 can be acquired and controlled by the controller 5 as long as the robot 1 is installed in the working environment. Further, the position and orientation of the on-hand camera 3 relative to the manipulator 2 can also be measured when the on-hand camera 3 is fixed to the manipulator 2.

  The measurement principle for calculating the position and orientation of the global device is outside the scope of this measurement method, but for example, the principle of triangulation can be used. In this case, if the three-dimensional positions of three different points on the global device can be measured, the position and orientation of the global device can be calculated.

  FIG. 2 is an internal configuration diagram of the controller 5. The output of the global device position / orientation calculation unit 5a in the controller 5 is connected to the robot 1 via the manipulator movement instruction unit 5b and to the work execution unit 5c. Further, the output of the external work content instruction means 10 is connected to the global device position / orientation calculation unit 5a, and the output of the on-hand camera 3 is connected via the on-hand camera image acquisition unit 5d. Further, the global device position / orientation calculation unit 5a has a work content / position / orientation correspondence table shown in FIG.

  FIG. 4 is an operation flowchart of the first embodiment. First, consider a case where there is only one global camera 6 as a global device. After the global camera 6 is moved according to the work content, the work content is instructed by the work content instruction means 10 such as a push button. When the global device position / orientation calculation unit 5a receives the work content instruction (step S11), the position / orientation 1 and position / orientation 2 of the on-hand camera 3 for photographing the global camera 6 are associated with the work content / position / orientation shown in FIG. This is determined with reference to the table (step S12).

  In the work content / position / orientation correspondence table, the position / orientation 1 of the global camera 6 corresponding to the work content and the position / orientation 2 of the on-hand camera 3 for photographing it are recorded, and FIG. 3 shows an example thereof. In addition, how to determine these positions and orientations 1 and 2 will be described later.

  After obtaining the position and orientation 1 and 2, the global device position and orientation calculation unit 5a instructs the manipulator movement instruction unit 5b to move the on-hand camera 3 to the position and orientation 1 (step S13). The manipulator movement instruction unit 5b moves the on-hand camera 3 to the position and orientation instructed to the robot 1. Originally, the movement instruction to the robot 1 is for the manipulator 2, but the on-hand camera 3 is fixed to the manipulator 2, so the movement instruction to the on-hand camera 3 is the movement instruction to the manipulator 2. One-to-one conversion is possible. Hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, the description will be made as a movement instruction to the on-hand camera 3.

  After the on-hand camera 3 is moved to the position and orientation 1, the global camera 6 is photographed as the image 1 with the on-hand camera 3 (step S14). Similarly, the on-hand camera 3 is moved to the position and orientation 2 (step S15), and the global camera 6 is photographed as the image 2 with the on-hand camera 3 (step S16). The images 1 and 2 are transferred to the global device position and orientation calculation unit 5a through the on-hand camera image acquisition unit 5d.

  The global device position / orientation calculation unit 5a calculates the position / orientation of the global camera 6 from the image 1 and the image 2 based on the principle of triangulation (step S17). Note that the position and orientation 1 and the position and orientation 2 are two observation positions and orientations based on the principle of triangulation, and are positions and orientations in which the measurement points are included in the captured image. More specifically, the position and orientation of the on-hand camera 3 such that all three different points on the global camera 6 are included in the image 1 are the position and orientation 1, and the position and orientation that is included in the image 2 is the position and orientation 2. And

  FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram based on triangulation. Assume that the position of the position and orientation 1 is P1, the position of the position and orientation 2 is P2, and the position on the global camera 6 where the position measurement is to be performed is P3. Further, the direction from the position P1 to the position P3 is the posture of the position / posture 1, and the direction from the position P2 to the position P3 is the posture of the position / posture 2. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between points on a plane passing through the positions P1, P2, and P3, and identifying the position P3 is equivalent to obtaining the distances L21 and L22.

First, the distance L1 is calculated from the positions P1 and P2, the angle θ1 can be acquired from the image 1, and the angle θ2 can be acquired from the image 2. Using the sine theorem, the distances L21 and L22 are obtained as follows.
L21 = L1 · (sin θ1 · sin θ2) / sin (θ1 + θ2) (1)
L22 = L1 · (cos θ1 · sin θ2) / sin (θ1 + θ2) (2)

  Assuming that the global camera 6 is some distance away, that is, if the distance L21 is somewhat larger than L1, the following condition 1 is used to stably calculate the value from the equations (1) and (2). 2 may be satisfied.

(Condition 1) The distance L1 is increased.
(Condition 2) The angles θ1 and θ2 are close to each other.

  The positions and orientations 1 and 2 are determined so as to satisfy these two conditions as much as possible. The positions and orientations 1 and 2 can be determined if the approximate position and orientation of the global camera 6 are determined. Therefore, the position / orientation 1 and 2 corresponding to the position of the global camera 6 can be made in advance in the work contents / position / orientation correspondence table according to the work contents, and the global device position / orientation calculation unit 5a refers to this to determine the position. Postures 1 and 2 are calculated.

  The work ID in the work content / position / orientation correspondence table is a unique number for distinguishing the work content assigned to facilitate the processing by the controller 5. A rough position and orientation of the global camera 6 corresponding to the work content is measured in advance, and the value is written in the work content / position and orientation correspondence table. In addition, position and orientation 1 and 2 satisfying conditions 1 and 2 are calculated in advance and written in the work content / position and orientation correspondence table so that the position and orientation of the global camera 6 at that position and orientation can be measured most stably. It is. The positions and orientations 1 and 2 may be calculated at the time of execution so that the conditions 1 and 2 are satisfied. In this case, it is not necessary to write values in the work content / position and orientation correspondence table.

  In this way, the position and orientation of the global camera 6 can be calculated, but when the global illumination unit 7 is provided, a work content / position and orientation correspondence table for the global illumination unit 7 is created in advance. Then, the same processing as that for the global camera 6 is also performed for the global illumination unit 7 and the position and orientation of the global illumination unit 7 are also calculated.

  Thus, by creating the work content / position / posture correspondence table for all global devices, the position / posture can be calculated for all global devices. The calculated position and orientation of the global device are transferred to the work execution unit 5c, and thereafter, the global device and the on-hand camera 3 perform the work instructed in cooperation.

  Further, the accuracy of the calculated position and orientation of the global device depends on the accuracy of the position and orientation of the on-hand camera 3. However, when the accuracy of the position and orientation value of the manipulator 2 obtained from the robot 1 is considered to be sufficiently high, highly accurate measurement can be performed without adding hardware such as an encoder attached to each global device.

  The global device is not limited to the movement of the rails 8 and 9, and there is no problem even if it moves in two dimensions or three dimensions.

  FIG. 6 shows a global camera moving means 11 for moving the global camera 6 on the rail 8 and changing the attitude, and a global illumination moving means 12 for moving the global illumination means 7 on the rail 9 and changing the attitude. It is a block diagram of the system provided. Hereinafter, the global camera moving unit 11 and the global illumination moving unit 12 are referred to as a global device moving unit.

  FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the controller 5. In the block diagram of FIG. 2, the output of the global device position / orientation calculation unit 5a is connected to the global device moving means 11 and 12 via the global device movement instruction unit 5e. .

  FIG. 8 is an operation flowchart of the second embodiment. When there is a change in the work content, if the change of the work content is transmitted to the global device position / orientation calculation unit 5a by the work content instruction means 10 prior to the start of the work (step S21), the position / orientation of all the global devices is changed. It is determined whether the calculation has been completed (step S22). If the calculation has not been completed, the destination position / posture of the global device suitable for the work content is calculated (step S23), and the position / posture 1 and the position / posture 2 of the shooting position / posture of the on-hand camera 3 that captures the global device are further calculated. Is calculated (step S24). Here, the position and orientation calculated in step S23 and step S24 are derived with reference to the work content / position and orientation correspondence table prepared in advance as in the first embodiment.

  Next, an instruction is issued to the global device movement instruction unit 5e, and the global device is moved to the movement destination position and orientation calculated in step S23 (step S25). Thereafter, the position and orientation of the global device are measured using the on-hand camera 3, and this process is the same as steps S13 to S17 in FIG. The processes from step S23 onward are performed for all global devices.

  In the second embodiment, the change of the work content is instructed by the work content instruction means 10, but by providing the work content identification unit 5f, it is also possible to measure the position and orientation of the global device without human intervention. is there.

  FIGS. 9 and 10 are configuration diagrams of the system of the third embodiment. The work object W is placed in the work pallet 13 and the work pallet 13 is provided with an index I indicating the work content. In FIG. 9, it is assumed that the work contents are picked up one by one from the separate work objects W placed in a pile in the work pallet 13 and arranged in a predetermined place in a component box (not shown). In this case, the global illumination means 7 is arranged from an obliquely upward angle slightly above the horizontal so that the image features such as the vertex and edge of the work target W can be obtained satisfactorily.

  In FIG. 10, it is assumed that the work contents are picked up one by one from a plurality of disk-shaped work objects W stacked in a tower shape and arranged in a predetermined place in a component box (not shown). ing. In this case, the global illumination means 7 is often disposed above the global camera 6 at a position where the work object W can be observed almost directly from the side so that the height of the stacked work objects W can be clearly understood. .

  In addition, although two work content was mentioned here as an example, it is not necessary to be two, and more work content may be assumed. Further, there is no problem even if the work contents are not illustrated. There are situations in which the optimal global device arrangement differs depending on the work content, and this example is given as an example to show that it can be dealt with.

  FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the controller 5 to which this embodiment is applied. A work content identification unit 5f that receives the output from the on-hand camera image acquisition unit 5d and outputs the output to the global device position and orientation calculation unit 5a and the manipulator movement instruction unit 5b is provided.

FIG. 12 is an operation flowchart of the third embodiment. Steps S31 to S33 are processed instead of step S21 for receiving a work content change instruction as compared with FIG. This is performed by the work content identification unit 5f and identifies the work content.
First, an instruction is output to the manipulator movement instruction unit 5b so that the on-hand camera 3 moves to a position where the index I can be observed well (step S31). If the positions of the work pallet 13 and the index I are made common to all work, this position becomes known. The index I represents the work content. For example, the work content can be coded by using a barcode.

  Next, an image of the index I captured by the on-hand camera 3 is acquired through the on-hand camera image acquisition unit 5d (step S32), and the work content identification unit 5f identifies the work content based on this image (step S33). . The process of recognizing the code contents from the image obtained by capturing the bar code is a general technique and is out of the scope of the present invention, so the description thereof is omitted. The identified work content is sent to the global device position / orientation calculation unit 5a, and the same processing as in the second embodiment is performed.

  In order to identify the index I, an image obtained from the on-hand camera 3 is used. However, a dedicated camera or a barcode scanner may be used. In addition, the index I is not limited to the barcode, and an RFID or the like may be used. Furthermore, although the index I is marked on the work pallet 13, it may not be marked on the work pallet 13 if it is synchronized with the work content. For example, when the work object W flows by the belt conveyor, the corresponding work object W may be made to flow after the index I.

  FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of the controller 5 according to the fourth embodiment. The outputs of the external global devices 6 and 7 are connected to the global device minute movement instruction generating unit 5i via the global device information extracting unit 5h through the global device information acquiring unit 5g. Further, the output of the global device movement instruction generation unit 5i is connected to the global device movement instruction unit 5e, and the output of the work content identification unit 5f is further connected.

  In the third embodiment, after the global camera 6 and the global illumination means 7 are moved, the position and orientation of the global camera 6 are measured. However, in performing the work, a global device is installed at a position where higher quality information can be obtained. Is preferred. With higher quality, for example, vertex features are extracted from an image obtained by picking up piled work objects W, and information necessary for work such as the position and orientation of the work object W is acquired based on the extracted vertex features. For example, in order to obtain the vertex feature more reliably, “the brightness contrast is high”, “no object or illumination other than the work object W exists in the captured image”, or “the work object W itself is other Not be hidden by other objects. "

  After actually detecting vertex features, the higher the number of obtained vertex features, the higher the quality may be. The arrangement of global devices that can obtain such high-quality information varies somewhat depending on the arrangement of work objects W and the environment in which the system is operating in each case.

  Therefore, after moving the global device to a position suitable for the work content obtained by referring to the work content / position / orientation correspondence table, the highest quality output can be obtained while moving the position / posture of the global device by a small amount. Stop at position and orientation. After that, the position and orientation of the global device are measured.

  FIG. 14 is an operation flowchart of the fourth embodiment. When the global device is moved first, steps S31 to S25 are the same as in FIG. 12, and will be described next. First, all global devices are moved to positions and orientations suitable for the work content. Then, the following processing is performed for each global device.

  It is determined whether the position and orientation of the global device have been calculated (step S41). If the calculation is not completed, the global device information acquisition unit 5g obtains information from the global device corresponding to the global device (step S42). For example, if the global device targeted for installation adjustment is the global camera 6, an image is acquired from the global camera 6. In the case of a projector, an image is acquired from the global camera 6 corresponding to the projector.

  Feature extraction is performed by the global device feature extraction unit 5h from the obtained information (step S43). As described above, this feature differs depending on the work content. For example, vertex features are extracted from the obtained image and the number of the features is counted. If it can be determined that the obtained feature is of high quality (step S44), the position and orientation of the global device are measured in the same manner as in steps S13 to S17 of FIG.

  If it is not of high quality, the global device minute movement instruction generation unit 5i generates a minute movement instruction so that the minute movement is performed around the current position and orientation of the global device (step S45). Move (step S46).

  Whether or not the features obtained from the global device are of high quality, the position and orientation that is the maximum (or maximum) within the range in which the number of extracted vertex features is slightly moved from the position and orientation of the global device is the highest quality. The position and orientation can be obtained. Moreover, the brightness contrast of the captured image obtained from the global camera 6 can also be used as a feature. In this case, the position and orientation at which the brightness contrast is maximized (or maximum) within the range in which the position and orientation of the global device are finely moved may be set as the position and orientation that provides the highest quality.

  Furthermore, quality evaluation may be performed using these characteristics in combination. The composite evaluation method is out of the scope of the present embodiment. For example, a score is obtained from each feature, and a weighted average thereof is obtained. The position / posture in which the weighted average value becomes the maximum (or maximum) within the range in which the position / posture of the global device is slightly moved may be set as the position / posture with which the highest quality is obtained.

  When the global device is moved by a minute amount, the processing from step S42 is repeated. With such processing, the position and orientation can be measured after each global device is brought into a position and orientation that is more suitable for the work content.

  The present invention relates to a position / orientation measurement method, and in particular, a robot system that performs work using both a visual assistance device installed in a work space and fixed during work and a camera attached to a robot manipulator. It is suitable for use in. Further, although the camera is used as the main sensor and the camera and illumination means are used as the auxiliary sensor, other object detection sensors, for example, may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Robot 2 Manipulator 3 On-hand camera 4 Work tool 5 Application controller 5a Global apparatus position and orientation calculation part 5b Manipulator movement instruction part 5c Work execution part 5d On-hand camera image acquisition part 5e Global apparatus movement instruction part 5f Work content identification part 5g Global device information acquisition unit 5h Global device feature extraction unit 5i Global device minute movement instruction generation unit 6 Global camera 7 Global illumination means 8, 9 Rail 10 Work content instruction means 11 Global camera movement means 12 Global illumination movement means W Work object

Claims (5)

  Auxiliary sensor means in which a position and posture for assisting acquisition or acquisition of image information of a target area where a work target can exist, and image information or position / posture information of at least a part of the work target are obtained. Main sensor means including main sensor moving means capable of instructing movement of the position and orientation with high accuracy for acquisition, and based on the image information acquired by the auxiliary sensor means and the main sensor means, the main sensor In the system for determining the position and posture to be moved and / or the work content or both, and performing the work on the work object using the image information obtained from the main sensor means, the main sensor moving means causes the main sensor moving means to perform the work. The sensor means is moved and configured to measure the three-dimensional position and orientation of the auxiliary sensor means using image information obtained from the main sensor means. Prior to performing the work for the workpiece, the sensor position and orientation measurement method characterized by measuring the position and orientation of the auxiliary sensor means by said main sensor unit.   2. The auxiliary sensor unit includes one or both of a light projecting unit and an image capturing unit, and the main sensor unit measures the position and orientation of the light projecting unit and the image capturing unit. Sensor position and orientation measurement method.   The auxiliary sensor means is configured to be able to move either or both of the position and the posture by the auxiliary sensor moving means, and prior to performing the work on the work object, the auxiliary sensor means is the auxiliary sensor moving means. 3. The sensor position / orientation measurement method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the position and orientation of the auxiliary sensor means are measured after moving to a predetermined position and orientation suitable for the work.   A work content identification unit is provided, and when the work content is changed, the work content is identified by the work content identification unit, and the position and orientation of the auxiliary sensor unit suitable for performing the identified work content are calculated. 4. The sensor position and orientation measuring method according to claim 3, wherein the position and orientation of the auxiliary sensor means are measured after the auxiliary sensor moving means has moved to the position and orientation calculated by the auxiliary sensor means. .   After the auxiliary sensor means is moved to the calculated position and posture, the auxiliary sensor means is further moved by a minute amount by the auxiliary sensor moving means in order to increase the accuracy of the output by the auxiliary sensor means, and the auxiliary sensor means 5. The sensor position and orientation measurement method according to claim 3, wherein the position and orientation of the sensor are measured.

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