JP2011127551A - Wind-powered generator apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wind-powered generator apparatus including a yaw control mechanism composed to cope with strong wind even during power failure while eliminating a hydraulic brake. <P>SOLUTION: The wind-powered generator apparatus 1 includes a tower 2, a nacelle 3, and the yaw control mechanism for yaw-turning the nacelle 3 to the tower 2. The yaw control mechanism includes at least one electromagnetic brake 35 generating braking force for stopping the yaw turning of the nacelle 3. The yaw control mechanism is composed so that the braking force acted on the nacelle 3 by the electromagnetic brake 35 in case of power failure of the wind-powered generator apparatus 1 is smaller than the braking force acted on the nacelle 3 by the electromagnetic brake 35 during normal operation of the wind-powered generator apparatus 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator, and more particularly to a yaw control mechanism that performs yaw control of a nacelle of a wind turbine generator.

  The nacelle of the wind power generator needs to control the direction in the horizontal plane according to the wind direction and the wind speed. Such control is generally called yaw control, and a mechanism for performing yaw control is generally called a yaw control mechanism. The yaw control mechanism typically includes a yaw motor that generates a driving force for turning the nacelle in a desired direction, and a yaw brake that fixes the nacelle in the direction after the nacelle is directed in the desired direction. It is configured with. As a yaw brake, a hydraulic brake is most commonly used. A wind power generator using a hydraulic brake as a yaw brake is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-307653.

  During normal power generation, in an upwind wind turbine, yaw control is performed so that the wind turbine rotor is positioned on the windward side. Thereby, power generation efficiency is improved.

  On the other hand, two countermeasures are known as operations in the case of a strong wind. The first coping method is a method of performing yaw control so that the windmill rotor is positioned on the windward side while the windmill blade is in a feathering state. In general, the wind power generator has the lowest wind load when the wind turbine rotor is on the windward side, so that it is possible to reduce the wind load during a strong wind.

  However, if a power failure occurs simultaneously with a strong wind, the yaw motor will not move unless an emergency power supply is provided, so the wind turbine rotor cannot be directed upwind, and such a method cannot be dealt with. Therefore, in recent designs, it has been considered to release hydraulic brakes used as yaw brakes in the event of a power failure to ensure safety (for example, “New models and technologies of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries' wind power generators”, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries). Technique, May 2004, Vol. 41, No. 3, p. 170-173). When the hydraulic brake is released, the windmill rotor will naturally face the leeward according to the weathercock principle. The leeward direction is a state in which the load is reduced next to the leeward direction, and is an advantageous direction for making the wind power generator stand by in a strong wind. However, in order to prevent an excessive turning speed of the nacelle, an appropriate braking force is applied by releasing the hydraulic brake and using an electromagnetic brake installed in the yaw motor.

  Here, the inventors consider that it is not always preferable to use a hydraulic brake as a yaw brake. This is because when a hydraulic brake is used, hydraulic oil piping and a hydraulic unit are required, which may cause oil leakage and increase the number of parts. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a yaw control mechanism that does not use a hydraulic brake as a yaw brake.

  On the other hand, it should be noted that the power failure countermeasure method described above is based on the assumption that a hydraulic brake is used for the yaw control mechanism. When excluding the hydraulic brake from the yaw brake, it is desirable to incorporate a new coping means in the yaw control mechanism that can cope with the occurrence of a power failure in addition to the strong wind.

JP 2006-307653 A

“New models and technologies of MHI's wind power generation equipment”, MHI technique, May 2004, Vol. 41, No. 3, p. 170-173

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a wind turbine generator having a yaw control mechanism configured to be able to cope with strong winds even during a power failure while eliminating a hydraulic brake.

  The wind power generator of the present invention includes a tower, a nacelle, and a yaw control mechanism for yawing the nacelle with respect to the tower. The yaw control mechanism includes at least one electromagnetic brake that generates a braking force to stop the nacelle from turning yaw. The yaw control mechanism is configured such that the braking force that acts on the nacelle by the electromagnetic brake during a power failure of the wind turbine generator is smaller than the braking force that acts on the nacelle by the electromagnetic brake during normal operation of the wind turbine generator. .

  In one embodiment, there are a plurality of electromagnetic brakes, and the number of electromagnetic brakes that apply braking force to the nacelle during a power failure is smaller than the number of electromagnetic brakes that apply braking force to the nacelle during normal operation.

  In one embodiment, the yaw control mechanism includes a gear fixed to one of the tower and the nacelle and a plurality of yaw motor units fixed to the other of the tower and the nacelle. Each of the plurality of yaw motor units includes a yaw motor, a pinion that is driven by the yaw motor and meshes with the gear, and an electromagnetic brake. The electromagnetic brake is configured to stop nacelle yaw turning by braking the rotor of the yaw motor. In this case, at least a part of the yaw motor unit includes a clutch for mechanically connecting or disconnecting the rotor and the pinion of the yaw motor, and the clutch of the at least part of the yaw motor unit is operated at the time of power failure. The rotor and the pinion may be mechanically separated.

  In one embodiment, the nacelle pedestal and the tower are relatively pivotable by a plain bearing. In this case, the braking force at which the electromagnetic brake acts on the nacelle at the time of a power failure of the wind turbine generator may be made zero.

  The yaw motor unit that keeps the rotor and pinion of the yaw motor mechanically coupled in the event of a power failure must be arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the main shaft coupled to the wind turbine rotor mounted on the nacelle Is preferred.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the wind power generator provided with the yaw control mechanism comprised so that it could respond to a strong wind also at the time of a power failure, eliminating a hydraulic brake is provided.

It is a side view which shows the structure of the wind power generator in embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the structure of a yaw control mechanism. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the yaw control mechanism in 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the yaw control mechanism in 2nd Embodiment. It is a table | surface which shows operation | movement of the yaw control mechanism in the 1st Embodiment and 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of the structure of the yaw control mechanism in 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the modification of a structure of the yaw control mechanism in 2nd Embodiment.

First embodiment:
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of a wind turbine generator 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The wind power generator 1 is attached to the rotor head 4, the tower 2 erected on the foundation 6, the nacelle 3 installed at the upper end of the tower 2, the rotor head 4 rotatably attached to the nacelle 3, and the rotor head 4. The wind turbine blade 5 is provided. The rotor head 4 and the wind turbine blade 5 constitute a wind turbine rotor. When the wind turbine rotor is rotated by the wind power, the wind power generator 1 generates power and supplies the power to the power system connected to the wind power generator 1.

  2 and 3 are diagrams showing a configuration of a yaw control mechanism for performing yaw control of the nacelle 3. FIG. Referring to FIG. 2, the nacelle 3 includes a nacelle base plate 11 on which a mechanism used for power generation, such as a main shaft, a speed increaser, a generator, and the like, and four yaw motor units are mounted on the nacelle base plate 11. 12 is attached.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the yaw control mechanism, in particular, the configuration of the yaw control mechanism in the outer peripheral portion of the nacelle base plate 11. A bearing attachment portion 21 is provided at the upper end of the tower 2, and an outer ring 22 is attached to the bearing attachment portion 21 with a bolt 23. A tooth surface is formed on the outer periphery of the outer ring 22.

  On the other hand, an inner ring 24 is coupled to the lower surface of the nacelle base plate 11 by bolts 26. A steel ball 25 is inserted between the outer ring 22 and the inner ring 24, and the outer ring 22, the steel ball 25, and the inner ring 24 constitute a rolling bearing. By this rolling bearing, the nacelle base plate 11 can turn in a horizontal plane.

  The yaw motor unit 12 includes a pinion 31, a speed reducer 32, a clutch 33, a yaw motor 34, an electromagnetic brake 35, and a housing 36. The reduction gear 32, the clutch 33, the yaw motor 34, and the electromagnetic brake 35 are accommodated in the housing 36.

  The pinion 31 meshes with a tooth surface provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 22, and when the pinion 31 rotates, the nacelle base plate 11 (and the nacelle 3) turns. That is, the outer ring 22 also functions as an annular gear that meshes with the pinion 31. The pinion 31 is coupled to the output shaft of the speed reducer 32. The speed reducer 32 is configured to transmit the rotation of the input shaft to the output shaft while decelerating, and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 is coupled to the rotor of the yaw motor 34 via the clutch 33.

  The clutch 33 has a function of mechanically connecting or disconnecting the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32. When it is necessary to transmit the rotation of the rotor of the yaw motor 34 to the input shaft of the speed reducer 32, such as when turning the nacelle 3, the clutch 33 mechanically connects the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32. Combined with

  The electromagnetic brake 35 has a function of applying a braking force to the rotor of the yaw motor 34. Here, when the clutch 33 mechanically couples the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32, the rotor of the yaw motor 34 is mechanically coupled to the pinion 31 and the electromagnetic brake 35 provides the control. The yaw turning of the nacelle 3 is stopped by the power. In this embodiment, a non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake is used as the electromagnetic brake 35. That is, the electromagnetic brake 35 is configured so as to apply a braking force to the rotor of the yaw motor 34 when power is not supplied and to stop the braking force when power is supplied. Such an electromagnetic brake can be realized, for example, by a structure in which an urging force that sandwiches a brake pad joined to a rotor is generated by a spring, while a force that releases the brake pad against the urging force is generated by an electromagnetic coil. .

  Here, the yaw motor 34 and the electromagnetic brake 35 are configured to operate upon receiving power supply from the power system. Therefore, since electric power is not supplied to the electromagnetic brake 35 at the time of a power failure in which the supply of power from the power system is stopped, the electromagnetic brake 35 gives a braking force to the rotor of the yaw motor 34 at the time of the power failure.

  The yaw motor unit 12 having the above-described configuration is inserted into an opening provided in the mounting flange 37 and fixed to the mounting flange 37, and the mounting flange 37 is fixed to the nacelle base plate 11 by bolts 38.

Next, yaw control using the above yaw control mechanism will be described.
During normal operation in which power is supplied from the power system to the wind turbine generator 1, the clutches 33 of all yaw motor units 12 mechanically couple the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32. Is operated as follows. As a result, during normal operation, the electromagnetic brakes 35 of all the yaw motor units 12 can operate so as to apply a braking force that stops yaw turning of the nacelle 3.

  Specifically, when the nacelle 3 is turned by yaw, the electromagnetic brakes 35 of all or some of the yaw motor units 12 are released, the yaw motor 34 is operated, and the pinion 31 is driven. Thereby, the nacelle 3 turns. On the other hand, when the nacelle 3 does not perform the yaw rotation, the electromagnetic brakes 35 of all the yaw motor units 12 operate so as to apply a braking force for stopping the nacelle 3 from yawing. During normal operation, the nacelle 3 is strongly braked by the electromagnetic brake 35 of the all yaw motor unit 12.

  On the other hand, during a power failure, the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are separated by the clutch 33 in a part of the four yaw motor units 12. For example, in the two yaw motor units 12, the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are disconnected by the clutch 33, and in the remaining two yaw motor units 12, the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the speed reducer 32 The input shaft is maintained in a mechanically coupled state. The electromagnetic brake 35 of the yaw motor unit 12 in which the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are separated does not give a braking force that stops the yaw turning of the nacelle 3. Therefore, the total braking force provided by the yaw motor unit 12 at the time of a power failure is reduced compared to that during normal operation. According to such an operation, when a strong wind and a power outage occur at the same time, the nacelle 3 automatically yaws in a state where an appropriate braking force is applied, and the windmill rotor moves downwind, and the wind turbine generator 1 can be kept safe.

  As a more specific example, the total braking force provided by the electromagnetic brake 35 of the yaw motor unit 12 during normal operation is set to, for example, 3000 kN · m. On the other hand, the total braking force provided by the electromagnetic brake 35 of the yaw motor unit 12 at the time of a power failure is set to 1000 kN · m, for example. Such an operation is conceptually described in the column of “first embodiment” in the table of FIG. In the column of “first embodiment” in the table of FIG. 5, one double circle represents a braking force of 1000 kN · m.

The setting as described above is designed optimally for the combination of the yaw motor unit 12 in which the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are disconnected in the event of a power failure, and the braking force of the electromagnetic brake 35 of each yaw motor unit 12. This is feasible. For example, referring to FIG. 2, of the four yaw motor units 12 _{1 to} 12 ₄ , the two yaw motor units 12 ₁ and 12 ₄ have the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 even during a power failure. And the remaining two yaw motor units 12 ₂ and 12 ₃ are disconnected by the clutch 33 at the time of a power failure by the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32. At this time, the braking force of yaw motor unit ₁₂ 2, 12 ₃ of the electromagnetic brake 35, respectively, designed to 1000 kN · m, the braking force of yaw motor unit ₁₂ 1, 12 ₄ of the electromagnetic brake 35, respectively 500 kN · m If designed, the total braking force during normal operation can be adjusted to 3000 kN · m, and the total braking force during a power failure can be adjusted to 1000 kN · m.

Here, the yaw motor unit 12 in which the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are left coupled at the time of a power failure includes the central axis of the main shaft to which the rotor head 4 is coupled, and has a vertical plane. It is desirable that they be arranged mirror-symmetrically. Thereby, the load applied to the outer ring 22 and the tower 2 can be made uniform. If it demonstrates in detail using FIG. 2, the broken line AA of FIG. 2 represents the vertical surface containing the central axis of a main axis | shaft. The four yaw motor units 12 _{1 to} 12 ₄ are positioned mirror-symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane AA. Specifically, the yaw motor units 12 ₁ and 12 ₄ are positioned mirror-symmetrically with respect to the vertical plane AA, and the yaw motor units 12 ₂ and 12 ₃ are mirror-symmetrical with respect to the vertical plane AA. Is located. In this case, for example, with respect to the yaw motor units 12 ₁ and 12 ₄ , the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are kept coupled even during a power failure, and the yaw motor units 12 ₂ and 12 ₃ are maintained. , The rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are separated by the clutch 33. In such an operation, the yaw motor units 12 ₂ and 12 _{3 in} which the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 remain coupled at the time of a power failure are mirror-symmetric with respect to the vertical plane AA. The condition is satisfied.

  In the above description, the clutch 33 is mounted on all the yaw motor units 12. However, for the yaw motor unit 12 that fixes the nacelle 3 by the electromagnetic brake 35 at the time of a power failure, the clutch 33 is set. There is no need to install.

Second embodiment:
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the wind turbine generator 1 in the second embodiment of the present invention, in particular, the structure of the yaw control mechanism. In the first embodiment, the nacelle base plate 11 is rotatably supported with respect to the tower 2 by a rolling bearing composed of the outer ring 22, the inner ring 24, and the steel ball 25. In the second embodiment, Instead of rolling bearings, plain bearings are used.

  Using a plain bearing as a bearing for supporting the nacelle is suitable for increasing the size of the wind power generator. First, in a large-scale wind power generator, when a rolling bearing is used as a bearing that holds the nacelle in a rotatable manner, the outer ring and the inner ring have a size of several meters or more, and a machining accuracy of about several microns is required. The Use of such a rolling bearing is disadvantageous in terms of cost. If a slide bearing is used, the demand for machining accuracy is greatly reduced, so that such difficulty can be avoided. Secondly, the sliding bearing can withstand a larger load than the rolling bearing. In a large-scale wind power generator, since the load of the bearing holding the nacelle increases, the use of the slide bearing is preferable from the viewpoint of the load.

  On the other hand, when a sliding bearing is used, there is a disadvantage that the rotational resistance increases. When the rotational resistance increases, it is necessary to increase the driving force generated by the yaw motor 34, which is generally not preferable. However, in the present embodiment, the rotational resistance generated in the sliding bearing is effectively used as a braking force during a power failure. Hereinafter, the structure of the yaw control mechanism in the second embodiment will be described in detail.

  As shown in FIG. 4, in the second embodiment, instead of the rolling bearing constituted by the outer ring 22, the inner ring 24 and the steel ball 25, a bearing plate 41, a bearing plate mounting member 42, and a plain bearing material 44 are used. Is used. The bearing plate 41 is attached to the bearing attachment portion 21 provided at the upper end of the tower 2 with bolts 23. The bearing plate 41 has an annular shape, and a tooth surface is formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof. The pinion 31 of the yaw motor unit 12 meshes with a gear formed on the outer peripheral surface of the bearing plate 41. The bearing plate 41 includes a base portion 41a attached to the bearing attachment portion 21 and a bearing portion 41b that protrudes radially inward from the base portion 41a.

  On the other hand, the bearing plate attachment member 42 is attached to the back surface of the nacelle base plate 11 with bolts 43. The bearing plate mounting member 42 has an annular shape like the bearing plate 41, and is provided to oppose the bearing plate 41. A base portion 42a attached to the nacelle base plate 11 and an outer edge portion 42b projecting radially outward from the base portion 42a are provided.

  The sliding bearing member 44 is attached to the lower surface of the nacelle base plate 11 (the surface facing the bearing portion 41b of the bearing plate 41), the base portion 42a and the outer edge portion 42b of the bearing plate mounting member 42 so as to face the bearing plate 41. . As the sliding bearing material 44, for example, a two-layer structure of plastic (for example, PEEK material) and metal can be adopted.

  Next, yaw control in the second embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, rotation resistance is generated during the yaw rotation as the slide bearing is used. In the present embodiment, yaw control using this rotational resistance is performed. This will be described in detail below.

  When the nacelle 3 is yawed during normal operation, the electromagnetic brakes 35 of all yaw motor units 12 are released, the yaw motor 34 is operated, and the pinion 31 is driven. Thereby, the nacelle 3 turns. On the other hand, when the nacelle 3 does not perform the yaw turning, the electromagnetic brakes 35 of all the yaw motor units 12 apply a braking force to stop the nacelle 3 from turning the yaw. In addition, a braking force that stops yaw turning of the nacelle 3 is also generated by the rotational resistance of the slide bearing. Thus, the braking force by the slide bearing is added to the braking force of the electromagnetic brake 35, and the nacelle 3 is strongly braked.

  On the other hand, during a power failure, in all four yaw motor units 12, the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are disconnected by the clutch 33. In a state where the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are separated, the electromagnetic brake 35 of the yaw motor unit 12 does not apply a braking force that stops the yaw turning of the nacelle 3. On the other hand, the braking force by the plain bearing is unchanged. As a result, the total braking force applied to the nacelle 3 at the time of a power failure is reduced as compared with that during normal operation. According to such an operation, when a strong wind and a power outage occur at the same time, the nacelle 3 automatically yaws in a state where an appropriate braking force is applied, and the windmill rotor moves downwind, and the wind turbine generator 1 can be kept safe.

  As a more specific example, the braking force generated by the rotational resistance of the plain bearing is set to, for example, 1000 kN · m, and the braking force provided by the electromagnetic brake 35 of the yaw motor unit 12 during normal operation is For example, it is set to 2000 kN · m. As a result, the total braking force acting during normal operation is adjusted to 3000 kN · m. On the other hand, the total braking force provided by the electromagnetic brake 35 of the yaw motor unit 12 during a power failure is set to zero. In this case, at the time of a power failure, a braking force of 1000 kN · m generated by the slide bearing acts on the nacelle 3. Such an operation is conceptually described in the column of “Second Embodiment (1)” in the table of FIG. Also in the column of “second embodiment (1)” in the table of FIG. 5, one double circle represents a braking force of 1000 kN · m. The setting as described above can be realized by designing the braking forces of the electromagnetic brakes 35 of the four yaw motor units 12 to 500 kN · m, respectively.

  Even when a plain bearing is used, the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 may be disconnected by the clutch 33 in only a part of the four yaw motor units 12 at the time of a power failure. For example, in the two yaw motor units 12, the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 are disconnected by the clutch 33, and in the remaining two yaw motor units 12, the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the speed reducer 32 The input shaft may be maintained in a mechanically coupled state. Even in such an operation, the total braking force provided by the yaw motor unit 12 at the time of a power failure is reduced as compared with the normal operation. Even in this case, when a strong wind and a power failure occur at the same time, the nacelle 3 automatically yaws with an appropriate braking force applied, the windmill rotor moves downwind, and the wind turbine generator 1 is secured. Can be kept in a state. The yaw motor unit 12 in which the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the speed reducer 32 remain coupled at the time of a power failure includes the central axis of the main shaft to which the rotor head 4 is coupled and is perpendicular to the plane. It is desirable to arrange them mirror-symmetrically.

  As a more specific example, the braking force generated by the rotational resistance of the plain bearing is set to, for example, 500 kN · m, and the braking force provided by the electromagnetic brake 35 of the yaw motor unit 12 during normal operation is For example, it is set to 2500 kN · m. As a result, the total braking force acting during normal operation is adjusted to 3000 kN · m. On the other hand, the total braking force provided by the electromagnetic brake 35 of the yaw motor unit 12 during a power failure is set to 500 kN · m. In this case, at the time of a power failure, a braking force of 1000 kN · m acts on the nacelle 3 by the electromagnetic brake 35 of the yaw motor unit 12 and the slide bearing. Such an operation is conceptually described in the column of “Second Embodiment (2)” in the table of FIG. In the column of “second embodiment (2)” in the table of FIG. 5, one double circle represents a braking force of 1000 kN · m, and one single circle represents a braking force of 500 kN · m. Yes.

Set as described above, for example, yaw motor unit 12 _1, 12 ₄ electromagnetic brake 35 of the rotor of the yaw motor 34 even at the time of power failure and the input shaft of the reduction gear 32 is maintained still be mechanically coupled braking force of the respectively designed 250 kN · m, the braking force of the yaw motor unit ₁₂ 1, 12 ₄ of the electromagnetic brake 35 to the rotor of the yaw motor 34 and the input shaft of the reduction gear 32 is disconnected at the time of power outage, 1000 kN · respectively This can be realized by designing m.

  In the above-described embodiment, the yaw motor unit 12 is attached to the nacelle base plate 11, but a configuration in which the yaw motor unit 12 is attached to the tower 2 is also possible. 6 and 7 are cross-sectional views showing the yaw control mechanism having such a configuration. FIG. 6 shows the structure of the yaw control mechanism when a rolling bearing is used, and the yaw motor unit 12 is attached to the tower 2 by an attachment flange 51. In the structure of FIG. 6, a tooth surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the inner ring 24 </ b> A attached to the nacelle base plate 11, and the tooth surface meshes with the pinion 31 of the yaw motor unit 12. That is, the inner ring 24A functions as an annular gear. A rolling bearing is constituted by an outer ring 22A attached to the tower 2, an inner ring 24A, and a steel ball 25 provided therebetween. By this rolling bearing, the nacelle base plate 11 of the nacelle 3 is supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the tower 2.

  On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows the structure of the yaw control mechanism in the case of using a slide bearing, and the yaw motor unit 12 is attached to the tower 2 by the attachment flange 51 as in the case of FIG. . In the structure of FIG. 7, a tooth surface is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing plate mounting member 42 </ b> A attached to the nacelle base plate 11, and the tooth surface meshes with the pinion 31 of the yaw motor unit 12. That is, the bearing plate mounting member 42A functions as an annular gear. A slide bearing is constituted by the bearing plate 41A attached to the tower 2, the bearing plate attaching member 42A, and the slide bearing member 44. By this plain bearing, the nacelle base plate 11 of the nacelle 3 is supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the tower 2.

1: wind power generator 2: tower 3: nacelle 4: rotor head 5: wind turbine blade 6: foundation 11: nacelle base plate 12, 12 ₁ , 12 ₂ , 12 ₃ , 12 ₄ : yaw motor unit 21: bearing mounting portion 22 22A: Outer ring 23: Bolt 24, 24A: Inner ring 25: Steel ball 26: Bolt 31: Pinion 32: Reducer 33: Clutch 34: Yaw motor 35: Electromagnetic brake 36: Housing 37: Mounting flange 38: Bolts 41, 41A: Bearing plate 41a: Base portion 41b: Bearing portion 42, 42A: Bearing plate mounting member 42a: Base portion 42b: Outer edge portion 43: Bolt 44: Sliding bearing material

Claims (7)

Tower and
With nacelle,
A wind power generator comprising a yaw control mechanism for yawing the nacelle with respect to the tower,
The yaw control mechanism includes at least one electromagnetic brake that generates a braking force for stopping yaw turning of the nacelle,
The yaw control mechanism is configured such that the braking force acting on the nacelle by the electromagnetic brake during a power failure of the wind turbine generator is smaller than the braking force acting on the nacelle by the electromagnetic brake during normal operation of the wind turbine generator. Wind power generator configured to be. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1,
The electromagnetic brake is plural,
The number of the electromagnetic brakes that apply braking force to the nacelle during the power failure is less than the number of the electromagnetic brakes that apply braking force to the nacelle during the normal operation. The wind power generator according to claim 1 or 2,
The yaw control mechanism is
A gear fixed to one of the tower and the nacelle;
A plurality of yaw motor units fixed to the other of the tower and the nacelle;
Each of the plurality of yaw motor units includes a yaw motor, a pinion that is driven by the yaw motor and meshes with the gear, and the electromagnetic brake,
The electromagnetic brake is configured to stop the yaw turning of the nacelle by braking the rotor of the yaw motor;
At least a part of the yaw motor unit includes a clutch for mechanically connecting or disconnecting the rotor of the yaw motor and the pinion,
The clutch of the at least some yaw motor unit mechanically separates the rotor of the yaw motor and the pinion during a power failure. The wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A wind turbine generator in which the nacelle and the tower are relatively rotatable by a slide bearing. The wind power generator according to claim 4,
The wind power generator in which the braking force which the electromagnetic brake acts on the nacelle at the time of a power failure of the wind power generator is made zero. The wind power generator according to any one of claims 3 to 5,
The nacelle is mounted with a wind turbine rotor and a main shaft coupled to the wind turbine rotor,
A yaw motor unit in which the rotor of the yaw motor and the pinion are maintained mechanically coupled at the time of the power failure is arranged symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the main shaft. A wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A wind power generator in which a hydraulic brake is not used to stop the yaw turning of the nacelle.

Images