JP2011126764A - Multi-functional molding material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a multi-functional molding material having fire-proof non-combustibility, lightweight property, high insulating property and disposal property and recyclable at a low cost. <P>SOLUTION: The molding material prepared by mixing and kneading 80-90 vol.% perlite having a closed cell structure or open cell structure and having apparent specific gravity of 0.1-0.2 and 0.5-10 mm particle diameter with 10-20 vol.% aqueous solution comprising alkali silicate or a mixture of alkali silicate and silicic acid, is filled in a mold and heated and dried to stick and mold the perlite mutually, integrally and firmly. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a multifunctional molding material which is excellent in fire resistance and non-flammability, as well as lightness, high heat insulation, discardability and reusability.

Japan has achieved economic growth from the post-war high-growth period to the ranks of developed countries. On the other hand, in this high-growth period, various chemical drugs and cheap and durable performance are developed along with the development of the chemical industry. It is thought that the development and popularization of synthetic resin products with excellent performance have also contributed greatly.
In today's high-growth period, which has reached a stable growth period, quantitative and qualitative fulfillment is strongly demanded, and there are many other chemicals and synthetic resin products developed and popularized during the high-growth period. Prevention and reduction of human health damage and environmental destruction have become the top priority issues at present.

  That is, in specific cases, the outer heat insulating plate material and the inner heat insulating plate material for energy saving in the construction structure, or the heat insulating material in the refrigeration equipment, because it has excellent workability, light weight, low durability and high heat insulation. The foamed sheet material made of polyurethane, polystyrene, or phenolic synthetic resin is used alone or joined to other refractory materials, but recent construction structures have high hermeticity, and these foamed sheet materials are the inner heat insulating plate materials. When a flame is generated, severe harmful gases and scorching smoke are generated, and disasters that cause many lives to be lost have occurred in various places.

In addition, although the foamed sheet material is often used in cold heat equipment, etc., the metal member and the foamed sheet material must be separated and separated from the viewpoint of environmental protection when discarded after durable use. Special incineration measures are required.
Furthermore, building materials that are required to be fire-resistant and non-flammable are extremely multi-layered because their materials are restricted to concrete, ceramics, ceramics, metals, etc. As a result, the transportability is remarkably impaired, and there is a strong demand for lightweight and fire-resistant non-combustible materials.

  The inventor has conducted extensive research in view of such circumstances, and as a result, is a complex compound obtained by increasing the molecular weight of siloxane and silanol salt to about 4,000 in terms of molecular weight, and the water content is about 40 to 60% by weight. The siloxane and silanol salt multi-molecular weight solution is injected into a required mold and heated to promote the siloxane bond, create heat-fusible properties, and dissipate moisture transpiration. It has been found that a foamed molding material made of a silicon oxide state having a foaming degree of about 5 to 10 times and an apparent specific gravity of about 0.1 to 0.2 can be formed, and its contents are disclosed in the prior application.

  Thus, in order to form an open cell structure by heating in a mold using a siloxane and silanol salt multi-molecular weight solution as a raw material to form a desired foamed molding material by moisture evaporation, a water content of about 40 to 60% by weight is required. In order to surely evaporate, not only large and high temperature heating energy is required, but the molding of the foam molding material is performed by receiving heat from the outer surface of the molding die. Since this foam molding material maintains high heat insulation performance, the heat receiving inside is obstructed and the entire foam molding requires a very long time. However, the release layer is indispensable, but the release layer forming material has a heat resistance of about 280 to 300 ° C. at most. Further internal heat in the formation of the release layer is fraught also the problem that is inhibited.

Therefore, as a result of further research on the problem, the inventor used siloxane and silanol salt multi-molecular weight solution as a raw material for solving the problem, and heat-evaporated 40 to 60% by weight of the water to open-cells. Instead of the technical idea of forming a foamed molding material by the generation of structure, it is made of silicon oxide and fired and foamed in advance with an apparent specific gravity of 0.1 to 0.2, including obsidian, foamed shale, pearlite or pine resin. By utilizing the foaming characteristics of pearlite composed of rocks, etc., the pearlite can be formed in an approximately 80 to 90% by volume ratio of the molding material, and the pearlite can be bonded and molded integrally by heating and foaming in a short time. It has been clarified that molding and peeling from the mold can be easily manufactured.
Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-300752 Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-38378 Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-96842

By the way, this change in the production technology concept has made it possible to efficiently produce foamed molding materials that retain lightness, high heat insulation, disposal and reusability, as well as fire resistance and incombustibility. Products made of materials such as concrete, shirasu, calcium silicate, clay, diatomaceous earth, etc. are extremely inexpensive, and will not only change production technology, but also reduce the price from the material side, and will spread to a wide range of markets. It does not lead to.
As a result, the material of the foamed molding material that the inventor has clarified is that the apparent specific gravity of pearlite occupying 80% to 90% by volume is 0.1 to 0.2, which is extremely light and bulky. Although the siloxane and silanol salt multi-molecular weight solution is only 10 to 20% by volume in terms of the volume ratio compared to the pearlite, the siloxane and silanol salt multi-molecular weight solution corresponds to a substantially equivalent amount in the weight ratio. Since it is also expensive and expensive, the development of a foam adhesive having the same performance and low cost as the siloxane and silanol salt multimolecular weight solution has become an inevitable problem.

Therefore, the inventor has properties such as promotion of siloxane bonds accompanying the evaporation of moisture by heating of a siloxane and silanol salt multimolecular weight solution, creation of heat-fusible properties, formation of an open cell structure, etc. _{2. An} alkali silicate composed of nSiO ₂ (Me is an alkali metal) or an aqueous solution composed of a mixture of alkali silicate and silicic acid is suitable, and metal oxides and metal hydroxides are used to improve adhesion. It has been found that mixing of a curing agent comprising a product, silicide, silicofluoride, phosphate or borate is extremely advantageous, and has led to the present invention.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional molding material that can be fire-resistant and non-flammable, lightweight, highly heat-insulating, disposable and reusable at a very low cost.

The technical means adopted by the present invention in order to solve the above-mentioned problem is composed of an closed cell structure or an open cell structure in which obsidian, foamed shale, pearlite or pinestone is crushed and fired and foamed as a main material, Perlite with an apparent specific gravity of 0.1 to 0.2 and a particle size of 0.5 to 20 mm, and a ratio of 10 to 20% by volume with respect to the capacity of the pearlite, expressed by the chemical formula Me ₂ · nSiO ₂ Consisting of an alkali silicate or a mixture of alkali silicate and silicic acid, and an aqueous solution having a moisture content of 40 to 60% by weight is mixed and kneaded and filled into a mold having a required size and shape, It consists of a structure in which pearlite is integrally bonded by heating at a temperature of at least 200 ° C. and moisture transpiration, promoting siloxane bonding, creating heat-fusible properties, and heating foaming. Those existing in multi-functional molding material.

  Furthermore, in order to more firmly form heat-foaming and adhesion, metal oxides and metal hydroxides with respect to the volume of an aqueous solution comprising an alkali silicate or a mixture of alkali silicate and silicic acid mixed and kneaded. A multifunctional molding material comprising a hardener made of silicide, silicofluoride, phosphate or borate mixed and kneaded in a proportion of 5 to 20% by volume and integrally bonded with pearlite. It exists in

The present invention has the above-described structure, and is composed of obsidian, foamed shale, pearlite, or pinestone as a main material by firing and foaming, and has an closed cell structure or an open cell structure, with an apparent specific gravity of 0.1 to 0.2 and pearlite having a particle size of 0.5 to 10 mm are used for 80 to 90% by volume, and an alkali silicate or alkali silicate and silicic acid whose chemical formula is represented by Me ₂ · nSiO ₂ And an aqueous solution composed of an alkali silicate aqueous solution or an alkali silicate and silicic acid mixture is applied to the entire outer surface of the pearlite. Because of the viscosity associated with this coating, the pearlite retains its plasticity and can be easily filled into a mold having the required size and shape.

  After filling and molding, heat drying at a relatively high temperature of at least 200 ° C., the promotion of siloxane bonds, creation of heat-fusible properties, and the foaming and adhesiveness of the open cell structure accompanying moisture evaporation When the pearlite is integrally bonded and molded, and the filling molding has a sufficiently high viscosity, it is possible to produce in a short period of time by quickly removing moisture from the molding die and heating and drying. In addition, when the filling molding has a low viscosity, moisture transpiration can be efficiently achieved by using a molding die made of a metal mesh material or punched metal plate material with a mesh or ventilation hole that does not leak pearlite to be mixed and kneaded. Yes.

  In addition, in the present invention, metal oxide or metal water is used for the capacity of an aqueous solution composed of alkali silicate or a mixture of alkali silicate and silicic acid mixed and kneaded for foaming and exhibiting adhesiveness. When a curing agent comprising oxide, silicide, silicofluoride, phosphate or borate is mixed and kneaded at a ratio of 5 to 20% by volume, a siloxane bond is formed between the molecules due to dehydration condensation between silanols. In order to form a glass structure, combined with the promotion of the siloxane bond by heat drying, the pearlite can be firmly bonded to each other in a very short time.

  An closed-cell structure or open-cell structure in which obsidian, foamed shale, pearlite, or pinestone is crushed and fired and foamed, with an apparent specific gravity of 0.1 to 0.2 and a particle size of 0.5 to 10 mm The size of pearlite is 80 to 90% by volume and mixed with a sodium silicate aqueous solution with a water content of 50% by weight at a rate of 10 to 20% by volume, and possesses a mesh or transpiration hole that prevents pearlite from leaking. The mold is filled in a shape, and then heated and dried at 200 ° C. or more to integrally and firmly bond the pearlite together.

  In the following, the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of pearlite 1 used as a main material of the present invention. The pearlite 1A having a structure is shown, and the pearlite 1A having a closed cell structure has a structure in which a large number of closed cells 1C are incorporated into glassy air that retains strong binding water and expands even during firing. The apparent specific gravity is about 0.1 to 0.2, and the particle size is preferably about 0.5 to 10 mm from the viewpoint of homogeneous molding into a required dimensional shape.

Further, FIG. 1B shows pearlite 1B having an open-cell structure. The pearlite 1B having an open-cell structure is formed by crushing expanded shale, pearlite, pinestone, or the like that retains bound water therein. By firing, the heated and expanded air is discharged from the outer surface of the glass while forming a large number of transpiration discharge holes 1D, so that the internal expansion is not performed, and a polygonal shape at the time of crushing is exhibited.
It should be noted that the pearlite 1A having the closed-cell structure or the pearlite 1B having the open-cell structure should have a particle size of 10 mm or less in order to form the required dimension and shape uniformly. On the other hand, in the present invention, a multifunctional molding material having excellent lightness is formed, and for this purpose, the particle size of the pearlite 1A having the closed cell structure or the pearlite 1B having the open cell structure is 0.5 mm or less. In the case of grains, the apparent specific gravity also rises to about 0.3 to 0.5, making it impossible to achieve weight reduction. Therefore, it is necessary to select a fine grain size of 0.5 mm or more.

An adhesive molding material 2A capable of integrally molding the selected pearlite 1A having the closed cell structure or the pearlite 1B having the open cell structure, and realizing at least fire resistance and incombustibility and light weight from the viewpoint of use characteristics. Requested.
This as the adhesive forming material 2A is due to, in which to hold the adhesive by perlite and siloxane bonds consisting of inorganic silicon oxide state, the foaming caused by the water evaporation during且加thermal drying is desired, the chemical formula Me ₂ An aqueous solution composed of an alkali silicate represented by nSiO ₂ (Me is an alkali metal) or a mixture of the alkali silicate and silicic acid is preferable. Specifically, lithium silicate, sodium silicate, silica Examples include potassium acid, cesium silicate, tertiary amine silicate, and quaternary ammonium silicate. Furthermore, the moisture content of the adhesive molding material 2A gives the viscosity to be easily and uniformly applied to the outer surface by mixing and kneading with the pearlite 1A having the closed cell structure or the pearlite 1B having the open cell structure to join them together. From the top, it is desirable that the water content is 40 to 60% by weight and the viscosity is about 700 to 7,000 cp (centipoise).

FIG. 2 shows a molding material 2 in which an adhesive molding material 2A is applied to a pearlite 1A having a closed cell structure.
The molding raw material 2 thus formed is filled in a required mold 3 as shown in FIG. 3 and then heat-dried to perform adhesive molding. In such a case, it is important to positively evaporate and release the moisture of the adhesive molding material 2A with heat drying. Therefore, the molding die 3 is a pearlite 1A having a closed cell structure of the molding raw material 2 filled therein. Alternatively, it is formed of a metal mesh material made of a mesh 3A to the extent that pearlite 1B having an open cell structure does not leak, or a punching metal plate (not shown) in which air holes are formed. The mold 3 is also provided with a lid 3B.

FIG. 4 shows a continuous thermoforming method 4. In the continuous thermoforming method 4, the forming die 3 is placed on one side of the belt conveyor 4 </ b> A to be transferred, the forming raw material 2 is filled, and heating is performed. The inside of the heating / drying zone 4C in which the means 4B is arranged is transferred to cause the moisture evaporation of the adhesive molding material 2A mixed and kneaded with the molding raw material 2 to promote the siloxane bond and to create the heat fusion property. By forming by heating and foaming, pearlite is firmly and integrally bonded.
In this way, after the pearlite is firmly and integrally bonded and molded, the die-cutting 4D is immediately performed to form the multifunctional molding material 5 of the present invention as shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows a badge-type thermoforming method 40. The badge-type thermoforming method 40, which is also called a pressure molding method, is optimal for relatively strong and dense adhesive molding, and has the required dimensions. A shaped female die 40A having a shape and a male male die 40B that can be fitted into the female die 40A are connected to a movable piston 40C.
Further, the forming female mold 40A and the forming male mold 40B have a configuration in which a heating plate 40D such as a heater for heating and forming the forming raw material 2 injected and filled therein is provided.
In such a badge-type thermoforming method 40, the forming female die 40A and the forming male die 40B are separated, the forming raw material 2 is injected and filled into the forming female die 40A, and then pressurized with the forming male die 40B, and the heating plate 40D is used. By applying heat, the multifunctional molding material 5 of the present invention as shown in FIG. 6 can be molded.
As a matter of course, the formed female mold 40A and the formed male mold 40B are also provided with a mesh 3A for releasing moisture transpiration due to heating or a vent hole.

By the way, the present invention includes 80 to 90% by volume of pearlite 1A having a closed cell structure or pearlite 1B having an open cell structure with an apparent specific gravity of 0.1 to 0.2 and a particle size of 0.5 to 10 mm as a main material. And an adhesive molding material 2A composed of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt represented by the chemical formula Me ₂ · nSiO ₂ (Me is an alkali metal) or a mixture of the alkali metal salt and silicic acid is mixed and kneaded at 10 to 20% by volume. In addition, the molding raw material 2 is filled in the mold 3 and the water is evaporated in a short time at a relatively high temperature of at least 200 ° C., and the heat foaming properties associated with the promotion of siloxane bonds and the creation of heat-fusible properties. And the adhesiveness, the pearlite is firmly and integrally bonded to each other. However, in order to evaporate the moisture of the molding raw material 2, a huge heating energy supply means is required in the case of a large molding material or a large amount of production at a relatively high temperature of at least 200 ° C. or more. .

In such circumstances, a curing agent is used as a means of significantly speeding up the adhesive molding by dehydrating and condensing the silanol of the adhesive molding material 2A made of alkali metal salt to promote the siloxane bond to solidify the glass structure. In particular, ZnO, MgO, CaO, PbO and the like are used as metal oxides, and Ca (OH) ₂ , Mg (OH) ₂ and Zn (OH) are used as metal hydroxides. _{2 and the} like are Na ₂ SiF ₆ , K ₂ SiF ₆ , and CaSiO ₃ as silicides and silicofluorides, and Al (PO ₃ ) ₃ , ZnO · P ₂ O ₅ , and MO · nAl _{2 as} phosphates. O ₃ · mP ₂ O ₅ etc., and borate include KBO ₂ · CaB ₄ O ₇ etc.
The curing agent also has a solidifying and curing time depending on the mixing and kneading ratio, but at least 5% by volume or more is desired with respect to the capacity of the adhesive molding material 2A. It should be noted that this can occur.

The physical property test results of the multifunctional molding material of the present invention will be described below. A pearlite having a closed cell structure with an apparent specific gravity of 0.1 and an average particle diameter of 2 mm was used, and sodium silicate was added to 85% by volume of the pearlite. 15% by volume, a composition ratio and viscosity of sodium silicate of 31.5% of SiO ₂ and 19.7% of Na ₂ O using a viscosity of 7,000 cp, Sample 1, SiO ₂ 32.0 % And Na ₂ O 11.1% viscosity 1,250 cp were used as sample 2, and SiO ₂ 29.9, Na ₂ O 9.22%, and viscosity 830 cp were used as sample 3.
Table 1 shows the performance of a molded plate material having a thickness of 5 mm prepared by heating at a heating temperature of 250 ° C. for 30 minutes using a badge type thermoforming method.

  It can be used immediately as an insulation board material for buildings and fire insulation equipment that are required to be fire-resistant, non-flammable and highly heat-insulating.

  It is explanatory drawing of the pearlite of a closed-cell structure and an open-cell structure.   It is explanatory drawing of a shaping | molding raw material.   It is explanatory drawing of a shaping | molding die.   It is process drawing of a continuous thermoforming method.   It is explanatory drawing of a badge type thermoforming method.   It is a sketch of the multifunctional molding material of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Perlite 1A Perlite of closed-cell structure 1B Perlite of open-cell structure 1C Closed-cell 1D Evaporation discharge hole 2 Molding raw material 2A Adhesive molding material 2B Curing agent 3 Mold 3A Mesh 3B Lid 4 Continuous heating molding method 4A Belt conveyor 4B Heating Means 4C Heat drying zone 4D Die cutting 40 Badge type molding method 40A Molding female mold 40B Molding male mold 40C Piston 40D Heating plate 5 Multifunctional molding material of the present invention

Claims (4)

  It consists of an closed cell structure obtained by firing and foaming obsidian, or an open cell structure obtained by firing and foaming foamed shale, pearlite, or pine sebite, with an apparent specific gravity of 0.1 to 0.2 and a particle size of 0.5 to 10 mm perlite is 80 to 90% by volume, and an adhesive molding material composed of an aqueous solution of alkali silicate or alkali silicate and silicic acid mixture is mixed and kneaded at a rate of 10 to 20% by volume to form a molding raw material. A multifunctional molding material, which is filled in a molding die having a size and shape, and subjected to heat drying at least at 200 ° C. to firmly and integrally bond pearlite to each other.   The multifunctional molding material according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive molding material is an aqueous solution having a moisture content of 40 to 60% by weight.   The multifunctional molding material according to claim 1, wherein the alkali silicate is lithium silicate, sodium silicate, potassium silicate, cesium silicate, tertiary amine silicate or quaternary ammonium silicate.   A curing agent selected from metal oxide, metal hydroxide, silicide or silicofluoride, phosphate or borate is mixed at a ratio of 5 to 20% by volume with respect to the capacity of the adhesive molding material forming the molding raw material. The multifunctional molding material according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional molding material is kneaded.

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