JP2011117713A - Pilot torch and pressure-type gasification furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily perform checking without depending on a condition in a gasification furnace, with respect to a pilot torch and the pressure type gasification furnace. <P>SOLUTION: An ignition section 22 is disposed on one end side positioned outside of the gasification furnace 1 in a state of extending from an outer side over an inner side of the gasification furnace 1, so that a fuel and combustion air are sent from one end of the gasification furnace 1, and that flame is sent to the other end of the gasification furnace 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an ignition torch used in a furnace such as a pressurized gasification furnace, and a pressurized gasification furnace equipped with the ignition torch.

  For example, an ignition torch for igniting the startup burner is provided in the vicinity of the startup burner of a gasification furnace such as a coal gasification furnace.

  The following Patent Document 1 discloses a pilot burner that is not used in a coal gasification furnace but is used in an incinerator or a boiler. This pilot burner has a configuration in which an ignition part is provided on the base end side and a flame holding part is provided on the front end side in the furnace.

Japanese Patent Publication No.59-009014

  An ignition torch used in a coal gasification furnace needs to be inspected when various problems occur. However, when the pilot burner described in Patent Document 1 is used as an ignition torch of a coal gasification furnace, the inside of the gasification furnace and the ignition part communicate with each other. It cannot be inspected. Therefore, when it is necessary to check the ignition torch, it is necessary to depressurize all the gasifier furnaces during the pressurization operation to normal pressure, which takes time. In addition, the operation of various powers during re-pressurization after inspection requires significant cost and energy.

  The present invention solves the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an ignition torch and a pressurized gasifier that can be easily checked without depending on the state in the furnace.

  In order to achieve the above object, the ignition torch according to the present invention is configured so that fuel and combustion air are sent from one end outside the furnace and flame is sent to the other end inside the furnace from outside to inside. An extending ignition torch, characterized in that ignition means is provided at one end located outside the furnace.

  Therefore, by providing the ignition means outside the furnace, it is possible to easily check the ignition means without depending on the state in the furnace.

  The ignition torch according to the present invention is characterized in that an opening / closing valve is provided downstream of the ignition means in the fuel flow direction.

  Therefore, an on-off valve is provided on the downstream side of the fuel flow direction of the ignition means. By closing the on-off valve, the inside of the furnace and the ignition means side can be separated. Even if it is necessary, the ignition means side can be separated from the furnace by closing the on-off valve and can be easily inspected without depending on the state in the furnace.

  In the ignition torch according to the present invention, the on-off valve is provided on one end side located outside the furnace.

  Therefore, since the on-off valve is provided outside the furnace, the ignition means side can be easily separated from the furnace by closing the on-off valve from the outside.

  The ignition torch according to the present invention is characterized in that a flame holding portion is provided on the other end side located in the furnace and an auxiliary fuel supply device for supplying auxiliary combustion fuel to the flame holding portion is provided.

  Therefore, in the flame holding part at the other end, the movement speed of the flame in the flame holding part becomes slow, the flame stays temporarily and a main flame is generated, and the auxiliary fuel is directly put into the flame holding part. The atmosphere of high concentration fuel is obtained, and the flame holding of the main flame can be further stabilized.

  In the ignition torch of the present invention, the flame holding portion has a flame holding plate having a diameter larger than that of the combustion passage through which the flame moves and a passage having a diameter smaller than that of the combustion passage. The auxiliary fuel is supplied downstream from the flame holding plate in the flame flow direction.

  Therefore, the flame flowing through the combustion passage generates a vortex by passing through the flame holding plate, and the auxiliary combustion fuel is supplied to the vortex to ensure the flame holding.

  In the ignition torch of the present invention, the auxiliary fuel supply device supplies the auxiliary fuel toward the center in the radial direction of the flame holding portion while being orthogonal to the flow direction of the flame.

  Therefore, auxiliary combustion fuel can be supplied so as not to disturb the vortex generated by passing through the flame holding plate, and flame holding can be ensured.

  In the ignition torch according to the present invention, a plurality of the auxiliary combustion fuel supply devices are provided on the outer peripheral side of the flame holding portion so as to face each other in the radial direction.

  Accordingly, when a plurality of auxiliary combustion fuels collide with each other in the flame holding portion, the auxiliary combustion fuel diffuses throughout the flame holding portion, and an appropriate flame holding state can be maintained.

  A pressurized gasifier according to the present invention includes the ignition torch.

  Therefore, by providing an ignition means on one end side located outside the furnace, even if the inside of the furnace is pressurized, it can be easily inspected without reducing the pressure inside the gasifier and returning to normal pressure. .

  According to the ignition torch and the pressurized gasification furnace of the present invention, since the ignition means is provided outside the furnace, the ignition means can be easily checked without depending on the state in the furnace.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a coal gasifier furnace according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1 illustrating a cross-sectional view of the coal gasification furnace container according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the ignition torch according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an ignition torch according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 4 showing a cross-sectional view of the flame holding portion in the ignition torch of the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a flame in the flame holding portion in the ignition torch of the second embodiment.

  Exemplary embodiments of an ignition torch and a pressurized gasifier according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited by this Example, Moreover, when there exists multiple Example, what comprises combining each Example is also included.

  1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a coal gasification furnace vessel according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 showing a transverse sectional view of the coal gasification furnace vessel according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the ignition torch of the first embodiment.

  In Example 1, as shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the gasification furnace 1 is equipped with the light fuel chamber 3, the combustor part 5, and the reductor part 7 in an order from the bottom. The light combustion chamber 3 is provided with a starting burner 12. Although not shown in FIG. 1, an ignition torch 10 is provided in the vicinity of the activation burner 12.

  The combustor unit 5 is provided with a pulverized coal burner 14 and a char burner 16. The reductor unit 7 is provided with a gasification burner 18. In the light fuel chamber 3, the light oil injected and sprayed by the starter burner 12 burns, and the generated combustion gas heats the upper combustor unit 5. And in the combustor part 5 which became more than coal ignition temperature, the air and coal which become a gasification agent thrown into only the combustor part 5 burn and become high temperature, the ash in coal melts and flows down, and burns in the combustor part 5 The generated high-temperature gas rises and reacts with newly input coal in the reductor unit 7 to efficiently convert the coal into gas.

  Further, the ignition torch 10 is disposed near each activation burner 12, and the activation burner 12 is ignited by the flame of the ignition torch 10. In addition, two starter burners 12 are provided in the present embodiment, and each starter burner 12 is disposed to face each other so as to form a swirling flow in the furnace.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the ignition torch 10 includes a mixing chamber 20 in which fuel and air are mixed, an ignition unit 22, an on-off valve 24, and a combustion pipe 26 in order from the base end portion outside the gasification furnace 1. And the flame holding part 28 is provided as a main part.

  The mixing chamber 20 is provided with a fuel supply port 30 and a combustion air supply port 31. The fuel and the combustion air are sufficiently mixed in the mixing chamber 20 and ignited by the ignition unit 22 provided on the downstream side of the fuel flow. As the ignition part 22, ignition by a glow plug or an igniter is preferably used.

  The mixing chamber 20 and the ignition unit 22 are disposed outside the gasification furnace 1. An on-off valve 24 is provided between the mixing chamber 20 and the combustion pipe 26 extending over the pressurized gasification furnace 1. The on-off valve 24 is provided outside the gasification furnace 1. The on-off valve 24 can block the flow of fluid between the ignition unit 22 side and the gasification furnace 1 side. At the tip (other end) of the combustion tube 26, a flame holding portion 28 is provided in which a flame holding plate 28a is fixed in a cylinder having an inner diameter larger than that of the combustion tube 26.

  In addition, an assist fuel pipe (support fuel supply device) 32 through which assist fuel (supplementary fuel) flows is inserted from the outside of the furnace into the furnace, passes through the side of the combustion pipe 26 and extends to the flame holding section 28. Exist. The assist fuel is supplied to the flame holding section 28 by the assist fuel pipe 32.

  The ignition torch 10 according to the present embodiment described above operates as follows.

  Before ignition, first, only the combustion air is supplied from the combustion air supply port 31, and the ignition part 22 is red-hot. After the temperature of the ignition unit 22 rises to the ignition temperature, fuel is further supplied from the fuel supply port 30 into the mixing chamber 20, and the fuel and combustion air are mixed. The air ratio (actual input air amount / theoretical required air amount) at this time is about 0.4 to 0.7.

  The mixed gas is ignited by the ignition unit 22 to form a flame. The flame propagates through the combustion pipe 26 through the open / close valve 24 opened. The flame that reaches the flame holding portion 28 from the combustion tube 26 becomes a main flame in the flame holding portion 28 and burns. At this time, the assist fuel is supplied from the assist fuel pipe 32 to the flame holder 28. As a result, the main fire that has grown in the flame holding section 28 is stably burned. After the main flame of the flame holding section 28 is stabilized, the starting burner 12 is ignited by the flame flowing out from the flame holding section 28 to the outside.

  Next, how to use the on-off valve 24 will be described.

  Since the gasification furnace 1 mainly promotes the combustion gasification reaction of char, the inside of the furnace is constantly maintained as a high pressure state in addition to a high temperature condition. Therefore, when the ignition torch 10 is inspected, it takes time to depressurize all the gasifier furnaces during pressurization to normal pressure. Will bear.

  As described above, when the ignition torch 10 needs to be inspected, the on-off valve 24 provided on the downstream side of the fuel flow of the ignition unit 22 provided outside the gasification furnace 1 is used. That is, when trouble occurs in the ignition torch 10 during torch ignition or during start-up burner operation, the on-off valve 24 is closed in that state. Thereby, since the inside of the gasification furnace 1 and the ignition part 22 side are interrupted | blocked, the ignition part 22 side is open | released to air | atmosphere and inspection work is implemented.

  Hereinafter, the operation and effect of the present embodiment will be described. Since the gasification furnace 1 mainly promotes the combustion gasification reaction of char, the inside of the furnace is constantly maintained as a high pressure state in addition to a high temperature condition. Therefore, when inspecting equipment, equipment, etc., it takes time to depressurize all gasifiers during pressurization operation to normal pressure, and significant costs and energy are required to operate various power sources during re-pressurization after inspection. Will bear. However, since the ignition torch 10 is provided with the on-off valve 24 capable of separating the inside of the pressurized gasifier and the ignition means side, the inside of the pressurized gasifier is decompressed and returned to normal pressure. It can be easily checked without any problems.

  Further, since the auxiliary fuel is supplied from the assist fuel pipe 32 connected to the flame holding section 28, the main fire burns more stably, so that the ignition torch 10 can be reliably ignited. Accordingly, the frequency of inspection by reducing the pressure in the pressurized gasification furnace to normal pressure is reduced.

  As described above, in the ignition torch according to the first embodiment, the gasification furnace 1 is configured so that the fuel and the combustion air are sent from one end of the gasification furnace 1 and the flame is sent to the other end of the gasification furnace 1. The ignition part 22 is provided on one end side located outside the gasification furnace 1.

  Therefore, by providing the ignition part 22 outside the gasification furnace 1, the ignition part 22 can be easily inspected without depending on the state in the gasification furnace 1.

  In the ignition torch according to the first embodiment, the on-off valve 24 is provided on the downstream side of the ignition part 22 in the fuel flow direction. Therefore, the on-off valve 24 is provided on the downstream side of the ignition portion 22 in the fuel flow direction. By closing the on-off valve 24, the inside of the gasifier 1 and the ignition portion 22 side can be separated. As a result, even if inspection is required due to various problems, the ignition part 22 side can be separated from the gasification furnace 1 by closing the on-off valve 24, and it can be easily performed without depending on the state in the gasification furnace 1. Can be checked.

  In the ignition torch according to the first embodiment, the on-off valve 24 is provided on one end side located outside the gasification furnace 1. Therefore, since the on-off valve 24 is provided outside the gasification furnace 1, the ignition part 22 can be easily separated from the gasification furnace 1 by closing the on-off valve 24 from the outside.

  In the ignition torch according to the first embodiment, the flame holding portion 28 is provided on the other end side located in the gasification furnace 1, and the assist fuel pipe 32 that supplies the auxiliary fuel to the flame holding portion 28 is provided. Accordingly, in the flame holding section 28 at the other end, the moving speed of the flame in the flame holding section 28 becomes slow, the flame stays temporarily and a main flame is generated, and the auxiliary fuel is directly supplied to the flame holding section 28. Since it is charged, it becomes an atmosphere of high concentration fuel, and the flame holding of the main flame can be further stabilized.

  4 is a schematic view showing an ignition torch according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 4 showing a cross-sectional view of a flame holding portion in the ignition torch of the second embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a flame in a flame holding portion in the ignition torch of Example 2. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member which has the function similar to the Example mentioned above, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In Example 2, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the ignition torch 40 includes a mixing chamber 20, an ignition unit 22, an on-off valve 24, a combustion pipe 26, and the like from the base end portion outside the gasification furnace 1. The flame holding part 28 is provided as a main part. The ignition torch 40 is inserted into a mounting hole 1a formed on the furnace wall of the gasification furnace 1 on the tip side, and a plurality of bolts 41 are mounted on a mounting flange 1b formed around the mounting hole 1a. It is fixed by.

  The combustion tube 26 is provided with a flame holding portion 28 at the tip (the other end). The flame holding portion 28 has a cylindrical shape whose inner diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the combustion tube 26, and a flame holding plate 28 a is fixed at a position away from the connecting portion with the combustion tube 26 by a predetermined distance. The flame holding plate 28a has a ring shape, an outer peripheral portion is fixed to the inner wall surface of the flame holding portion 28, and a passage 28b smaller than the inner diameter of the combustion tube 26 is formed at the center.

  The assist fuel pipe 32 penetrates the outer peripheral flange 40a from the outside of the furnace, and is inserted into the furnace through the attachment hole 1a. The assist fuel pipe 32 is branched into two branch pipes 32 a and 32 b in the furnace, and the branch pipes 32 a and 32 b extend to the outer periphery of the flame holding section 28. The flame holding section 28 has two injection nozzles 34a, 34b mounted on the outer peripheral portion at a predetermined distance from the mounting section of the flame holding plate 28a, and the branch pipes 32a, 32b of the assist fuel pipe 32 are jetted. The nozzles 34a and 34b are connected.

  The injection nozzles 34a and 34b are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the flame holding portion 28 so as to be opposed to each other in the radial direction, and assist fuel sent through the assist fuel pipe 32 is orthogonal to the flame flow direction and the flame holding portion 28. Can be injected toward the center in the radial direction. The injection nozzles 34a and 34b are provided with flow rate adjusting valves (orifices) 36a and 36b capable of adjusting the flow rate. A thermocouple 37 as a misfire sensor is inserted from the outside of the furnace to the inside of the furnace, and the tip portion is located at the flame holding portion 28.

  Therefore, before ignition, only the combustion air is supplied from the combustion air supply port 31, and the ignition part 22 is made red hot. After the temperature of the ignition unit 22 rises to the ignition temperature, the fuel is supplied into the mixing chamber 20 from the fuel supply port 30, and the fuel and the combustion air are mixed. Then, the mixed gas is ignited in the ignition part 22 and forms a flame.

  This flame passes through the open / close valve 24 which is opened, and propagates through the combustion pipe 26. The flame that reaches the flame holding portion 28 from the combustion tube 26 becomes a main flame in the flame holding portion 28 and burns. In this case, the mixed gas formed in the mixing chamber 20 becomes a flame simultaneously with ignition, and intermittently propagates in the combustion pipe 26 and is sent in the flame holding portion 28. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, this flame generates a vortex swirling outward when it passes through the flame holding plate 28a, as shown in FIG.

  The assist fuel sent from the assist fuel pipe 32 through the branch pipes 32a and 32b is supplied toward the flame of the flame holding section 28 by the injection nozzles 34a and 34b. At this time, the assist fuel from each of the injection nozzles 34a and 34b is injected toward the center in the radial direction of the flame holding portion 28 while being downstream of the above-described vortex and orthogonal to the flow direction of the main flame. . Further, the assist fuels from the injection nozzles 34 a and 34 b collide at the center in the radial direction of the flame holding portion 28. In this case, the amount of assist fuel injected by each injection nozzle 34a, 34b is controlled to be the same by adjusting the assist fuel flow rate by the flow rate adjusting valves 36a, 36b. Thereby, the assist fuel supplied to the flame holding unit 28 is appropriately diffused without inhibiting the vortex flow, and the main fire grown in the flame holding unit 28 is stably burned.

  As described above, in the ignition torch of the second embodiment, the ignition unit 22 and the opening / closing valve 24 are provided on one end side located outside the gasification furnace 1, while the flame holding is provided on the other end side located in the gasification furnace 1. A portion 28 is provided, and an assist fuel pipe 32 for supplying auxiliary fuel to the flame holding portion 28 is provided.

  Accordingly, in the flame holding section 28 at the other end, the moving speed of the flame in the flame holding section 28 becomes slow, the flame stays temporarily and a main flame is generated, and the auxiliary fuel is directly supplied to the flame holding section 28. Since it is charged, it becomes an atmosphere of high concentration fuel, and the flame holding of the main flame can be further stabilized.

  In the ignition torch of the second embodiment, the flame holding portion 28 is provided with a flame holding plate 28a having a larger diameter than the combustion tube 26 through which the flame moves and a passage 28b having a smaller diameter than the combustion tube 26. The assist fuel pipe 32 supplies auxiliary fuel to the downstream side in the flame flow direction from the flame holding plate 28a. Therefore, the flame flowing through the combustion passage 28b generates an outward vortex flow, and the assist fuel is supplied to the vortex flow, thereby ensuring flame holding.

  Further, in the ignition torch according to the second embodiment, the assist fuel pipe 32 supplies the assist fuel toward the center in the radial direction of the flame holding section 28 while being orthogonal to the flame flow direction. Accordingly, the assist fuel can be supplied so as not to disturb the vortex generated by passing through the flame holding plate 28a, and the flame holding can be ensured.

  In the ignition torch of the second embodiment, the injection nozzles 34a and 34b connected to the assist fuel pipe 32 are provided on the outer peripheral side of the flame holding portion 28 so as to face each other in the radial direction. Therefore, the assist fuel from each of the injection nozzles 34a and 34b collides with the flame holding portion 28, so that the assist fuel diffuses throughout the flame holding portion 28, and an appropriate flame holding state can be maintained.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the ignition torch according to the present invention is applied to a pressurized gasification furnace, but may be applied to a boiler.

  The ignition torch and the pressure type gasification furnace according to the present invention can be easily inspected without depending on the state in the gasification furnace by providing the ignition means outside the furnace. It can also be applied to torches and pressurized gasifiers.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification furnace 10,40 Ignition torch 12 Starting burner 20 Mixing chamber 22 Ignition part 24 On-off valve 26 Combustion pipe 28 Flame holding part 32 Assist fuel pipe (auxiliary fuel supply device)

Claims (8)

An ignition torch extending from the outside to the inside of the furnace so that fuel and combustion air are sent from one end outside the furnace and a flame is sent to the other end inside the furnace,
An ignition means is provided on one end side located outside the furnace,
An ignition torch characterized by that.   The ignition torch according to claim 1, wherein an opening / closing valve is provided downstream of the ignition means in the fuel flow direction.   The ignition torch according to claim 2, wherein the on-off valve is provided on one end side located outside the furnace.   4. The auxiliary fuel supply device for supplying auxiliary fuel to the flame holder while providing a flame holder at the other end located in the furnace. 5. Ignition torch described in.   The flame holding portion has a flame holding plate having a diameter larger than that of the combustion passage through which the flame moves and a passage having a smaller diameter than the combustion passage, and the auxiliary fuel supply device has a flame from the flame holding plate. The ignition torch according to claim 4, wherein auxiliary fuel is supplied downstream in the flow direction.   6. The ignition torch according to claim 4, wherein the auxiliary combustion fuel supply device supplies the auxiliary combustion fuel toward a center in a radial direction of the flame holding portion while being orthogonal to a flow direction of the flame.   The ignition torch according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein a plurality of the auxiliary combustion fuel supply devices are provided on the outer peripheral side of the flame holding portion so as to face each other in the radial direction.   A pressurized gasifier comprising the ignition torch according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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