JP2011102331A - Preventing and alleviating agent for dopamine fall in urine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide such a preventing and alleviating agent for at least one of the dopamine fall in urine and the Fischer ratio reduction as can be continuously taken every day, contains no problem on the safeness, and can alleviate mental as well as physical symptom caused by stress. <P>SOLUTION: The agent is such a preventing and alleviating agent for at least one of the dopamine fall in urine and Fischer ratio reduction caused by a load of stress as contains Ile-Pro-Pro and/or Val-Pro-Pro as an effective ingredient. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to an agent for preventing and reducing at least one of urinary dopamine lowering and Fischer ratio lowering, which can reduce mental and physical symptoms caused by stress.

  Modern society is in an environment where science and technology are becoming more sophisticated and complex, and the social situation is turbulent, and people are exposed to various stresses. In particular, in an internationalized society, complicated human relationships are formed, and various symptoms caused by mental stress have been reported.

  Mental stress is said to have a great influence on the circulatory system, immune system, and the like. However, the scientific concept and definition of stress are still unclear, and combined with methodological difficulties, many problems remain regarding stress assessment. Consideration has been made.

For example, it has been reported that when stressed, angiotensin II and the like increase, sodium in the body due to sodium reabsorption becomes excessive, and blood pressure is increased ( Non-patent Document 1 ). Furthermore, based on such knowledge, the effects of enalapril and araperil, which are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors used as antihypertensive drugs, on hypertension due to stress have been studied ( Non-patent Document 2 ). However, stress loading not only causes an increase in blood pressure but also affects various factors, and in addition to high blood pressure, it may be a factor such as peptic ulcer, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disorder, and hyperlipidemia. It has been. Therefore, although stress is considered to be one of the causative factors of hypertension, it is not considered that an anti-stress effect can be obtained by simply suppressing an increase in blood pressure.

Currently, chemo-synthetic drugs such as tranquilizers, anxiolytics and hypnotics are used as agents for reducing and preventing mental and physical symptoms caused by stress. However, these drugs have problems of habituation and side effects, and are not preferably used on a daily basis for the purpose of preventing mental and physical symptoms caused by stress. Therefore, an anti-stress agent that can be used on a daily basis and does not include safety problems and that has an effect to reduce and prevent mental and physical symptoms caused by stress has been demanded and is being developed. For example, an anti-stress composition containing L-theanine contained in tea leaves ( Patent Document 1 ), an anti-stress composition containing an imidazole compound such as anserine, valenin, n-methylhistidine, and τ-methylhistidine ( Patent Document 2 ), and A stress-improving food containing a composition of glutathione and an antioxidant ( Patent Document 3 ) has been proposed. Moreover, the report ( nonpatent literature 3 ) about the stress relieving effect by fragrance is also made. However, there have been no reports of the use of tripeptides to reduce and prevent mental and physical symptoms caused by stress.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-100442 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-20660 JP-A-8-275752

Osamu Mobara et al .: Metabolism, 28, 2, 323, 1991 The American Journal of Cardiology; 68, 15, 1362 (1991), Internal Medicine; 32, 9, 691 (1993) FRAGRANCE JOURNAL: 1991-11, p44-49

An object of the present invention is to reduce urinary dopamine and Fischer, which can be used on a daily basis, which can respond to the above-mentioned social demands, can reduce mental and physical symptoms caused by stress, and does not include safety problems. The object is to provide at least one preventive and alleviating agent for reducing the ratio (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the agent of the present invention) .

According to the present invention, including, caused by stress, at least one of preventing and alleviating agent for reduction and Fischer ratio decreased urinary dopamine is providing Ile-Pro-Pro and / or Val-Pro-Pro as an active ingredient The

The at least one preventive and alleviating agent for lowering urinary dopamine and Fischer ratio of the present invention contains the above-mentioned tripeptide, so it is highly safe, and mental and physical symptoms caused by various stresses by daily continuous intake. kill at reducing and preventing.

Agents of the present invention (abbreviated hereinafter IPP these tripeptide respectively, and VPP) Ile -Pro-Pro, Val -Pro-Pro as a tripeptide, and mixtures thereof, or a salt thereof.

  Examples of the salt of the tripeptide include pharmacologically acceptable salts such as inorganic acid salts such as hydrochloride, sulfate, and phosphate, and citrate, maleate, fumarate, tartrate, and lactate. And organic acid salts such as

  As a method for obtaining the tripeptide, a fermentation method using microorganisms, an enzymatic hydrolysis method, a chemical synthesis method, or the like can be used.

  The microorganism fermentation method is performed by culturing lactic acid bacteria in a medium containing an amino acid sequence corresponding to the tripeptide, for example, a peptide and / or protein containing the sequence Ile-Pro-Pro, Val-Pro-Pro, etc. Can do.

  Examples of the medium include a medium containing a food material containing a peptide and / or a protein containing an amino acid sequence corresponding to the tripeptide. Examples of the food material include milk and / or milk casein, corn, corn protein, wheat, wheat protein, soybean, defatted soybean, soybean protein and the like. Furthermore, the culture medium may contain other components such as yeast extract, vitamins, minerals as necessary.

  As the lactic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus can be used. For example, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus delbruekii subsp. Bulgaricus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus fermentum (um) Examples thereof include lactic acid bacteria such as Bacillus casei subspecies casei (Lactobacillus casei subsp. Casei). Specifically, Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC55796, Lactobacillus delbruki sub-species Bulgaricus ATCC 11842, Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356, Lactobacillus fermentum ATCC14931, Lactobacillus casei sub-species casei 39 Can be mentioned.

The culture can be performed by adding a lactic acid bacteria starter that has been pre-cultured in advance after the medium is sterilized by heating and cooled to a predetermined culture temperature. The inoculated amount of lactic acid bacteria starter is preferably 10 ⁵ -10 ⁷ lactic acid bacteria per gram of medium. The culture temperature is 20-50 ° C., preferably 30-45 ° C., and the culture time is 3-48 hours, preferably 6-24 hours. The culture can be terminated when the number of lactic acid bacteria is 10 ⁸ / g or more and the lactic acid acidity is 1 or more. The obtained culture broth usually contains about 100-3000 μg / kg of IPP and / or VPP, depending on the medium raw material and composition.

  The culture solution can be used as it is as the anti-stress agent of the present invention while the lactic acid bacteria are alive. Moreover, it can also be used in the sterilized state by heat-sterilizing the said culture liquid on conditions, such as 80 degreeC temperature rise. Furthermore, it can be used in a powdered state by freeze drying, spray drying, drum dryer drying or the like.

  Further, the culture solution can be used as the antistress agent of the present invention after concentrating and purifying the tripeptide component. Examples of the concentration and purification method include a method of taking the supernatant of the centrifuged culture solution. Further, the collected supernatant is further concentrated and purified by subjecting it to electrodialysis, ion exchange resin treatment, hollow fiber membrane dialysis, reverse osmotic pressure treatment, hydrophobic column chromatography, or a combination thereof. The tripeptide can be obtained.

  The enzyme hydrolysis method for obtaining the tripeptide comprises a protein material containing a peptide and / or protein containing an amino acid sequence corresponding to the tripeptide such as Ile-Pro-Pro and Val-Pro-Pro. Treatment, and further treatment with carboxypeptidase. As said proteinase, various things, such as proteinase derived from microorganisms, proteinase derived from a plant, proteinase derived from an animal, can be used. These proteinases can be prepared by known methods. As the carboxypeptidase, various microorganisms such as carboxypeptidases derived from microorganisms, carboxypeptidases derived from plants, carboxypeptidases derived from animals, and the like can be used. These carboxypeptidases can be prepared by known methods.

  The chemical synthesis method for obtaining the tripeptide can be performed by a known organic chemical synthesis method. For example, after protecting the amino group of the amino acid constituting the tripeptide with a fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group, the amino acid protected with the fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group is sequentially reacted according to the amino acid sequence according to a conventional method to obtain a tripeptide-binding resin. Furthermore, the tripeptide can be obtained by purifying the tripeptide by cleaving the resin according to a conventional method.

Although the content rate of the said tripeptide in the agent of this invention is not specifically limited as long as it is a content rate which can administer the tripeptide of the effective dose mentioned later, It can be 0.001-1 weight%.

The agent of the present invention may contain other additives such as sugars, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, fragrances, and pigments in addition to the tripeptide.

The agent of the present invention can be administered to humans or animals. Examples of the route of administration include oral and intravenous injection, and oral administration is preferred.

In order to obtain the effects of the present invention such as stress reduction and prevention in humans, the effective dose of the agent of the present invention is usually 0.1-40 mg / kg body weight / day in the case of oral administration, for example, in the case of oral administration. However, an amount exceeding this range may be administered.

When the agent of the present invention is administered to a subject, changes in various physiological indices such as an increase in blood pressure and a decrease in immune function in response to stress load are smaller than those in the case of non-administration. The index is close to the value when no stress is applied. From this, it is considered that the agent of the present invention has an effect of reducing the stress of the subject.

The functional food contains the agent of the present invention .

Content of the previous SL agent functionality in food is not particularly limited, it can be set to 0.001 to 0.1 wt%.

The intake of the functional food is usually in the range of 0.1-40 mg / kg body weight / day as the above-mentioned tripeptide, whereby a preferable effect of the present invention can be obtained. Also good.

The functional food can be in the form of yogurt, milky lactic acid bacteria beverages, cheese, processed foods and drinks containing sour milk, health foods, powdered and granular foods, tablets and the like.

The tripeptide, which is an active ingredient of the agent of the present invention and functional food, has been eaten, eaten and eaten for many years, and it may be considered that safety has already been proven.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
9 g of skim milk powder is dissolved in 100 g of water, sterilized at 115 ° C. for 20 minutes, cooled to room temperature, inoculated with 1 platinum ear of Lactobacillus helveticus ATCC-8205, cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours, and primary A starter (5 × 10 ⁸ lactic acid bacteria / ml, pH 3.5) was prepared. Subsequently, 80 g of the primary starter was inoculated into 2 kg of skim milk (solid content: 9% by weight) sterilized at 90 ° C., and then cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours. This was used as the secondary starter. Next, 4.5 kg of skimmed milk powder is dissolved in 50 kg of water, sterilized at 90 ° C., cooled to room temperature, inoculated with 2 kg of the secondary starter, cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours, and fermented milk of 56 kg Obtained. The obtained fermented milk contained IPP at a rate of 5.4 mg and VPP at a rate of 9.5 mg as the total content.

Example 2
After adjusting 6 kg of fermented milk obtained in Example 1 to pH 7.3 using 10N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, 1 liter of ion exchange resin (trade name Amberlite XAD-2, manufactured by Organo) was added, and further distilled. Water was added to make a total of 20 kg. After stirring for 90 minutes with a stirrer, the resin was filtered off with a suction filter, and the resin on the filter was washed with 20 kg of distilled water, and then the resin was recovered. To this recovered resin, 0.8 kg of methanol was added and stirred with a stirrer for 30 minutes. Next, it filtered using nylon wool (200 mesh), and also suction-filtered with the hard filter paper, Then, the filtrate was concentrate | evaporated under reduced pressure at 55 degreeC with the evaporator, and 200g of refinement | purification concentrates were obtained. To this purified concentrate, 250 ml of an ion exchange resin (trade name: Amberlite IRA-400 (OH type), manufactured by Organo) was added and stirred for 10 minutes, and then the filtrate obtained by suction filtration with a hard filter paper was treated with a 1N hydrochloric acid solution. The solution was adjusted to pH 7 with lyophilization in vacuo. The obtained purified dried product is uniformly dissolved in 5 ml of distilled water, applied to a column (trade name Sephadex G-25, manufactured by Pharmacia), eluted with distilled water, and the tripeptide elution fraction is collected. The peptide was freeze-dried to obtain 50 mg of tripeptide purified fraction powder. In 50 mg of this purified fraction powder, 0.6 mg of IPP and 1.0 mg of VPP were contained.

Example 3
IPP and VPP were synthesized by the organic chemical synthesis method shown below. The synthesis was performed by a solid phase method using an automatic peptide synthesizer (PSSM-8 type) manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. As a solid phase carrier, 20 μmol of a benzyloxybenzyl alcohol type polystyrene resin, to which a proline protected with a fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl group (hereinafter abbreviated as Fmoc) was bonded, was used. According to the amino acid sequence, Fmoc-Ile, Fmoc-Pro, and Fmoc-Val in which the amino group was protected with the Fmoc group were reacted in order of 100 μmol in accordance with the peptide sequence according to a conventional method to obtain a peptide binding resin. Next, this peptide-bonded resin is suspended in 1 ml of a reaction solution (1% by weight ethanedithiol, 5% by weight anisole, 94% by weight trifluoroacetic acid), reacted at room temperature for 2 hours to cleave the peptide from the resin, and simultaneously the side chain The protecting group was removed. Next, the reaction mixture was filtered through a glass filter, and 10 ml of anhydrous ether was added to precipitate the purified peptide, which was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes. The precipitate was washed several times with anhydrous ether and then dried by blowing nitrogen gas. The total amount of the unpurified synthetic peptide thus obtained was dissolved in 2 ml of 0.1N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, and then the total amount was purified by HPLC using a _C18 reverse layer column according to the following conditions according to the following conditions. did.

Pump: Model L6200 Intelligent Pump (Hitachi)
Detector: Model L4000 UV detector (Hitachi) detects UV absorption at 215 nm Column: Microbonder sphere 5 μC ₁₈ (Waters)
Eluent: A solution; 0.1 wt% TFA aqueous solution, B solution; acetonitrile containing 0.1 wt% TFA (B / A + B) x 100 (%): 0 → 40% (60 minutes)
Flow rate: 1 ml / min The elution fraction showing the maximum absorption was collected and lyophilized to obtain 2.1 g and 0.9 mg of the objective synthetic peptides IPP and VPP, respectively. As a result of analyzing the purified peptide from the N-terminal of the peptide with a fully automatic protein primary structure analyzer (model PPSQ-10, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and further analyzing with an amino acid analyzer (format 800 series, manufactured by JASCO Corporation), It was confirmed that it was as designed.

Example 4
Twenty-four male Wistar rats (body weight of about 300 g) were bred for one week. During the preliminary breeding period and the experiment period, solid feed (trade name CE-2, manufactured by CLEA Japan) was given as a restricted diet, and water was freely consumed.

  After completion of the pre-breeding, the rats were divided into three groups: (1) no stress-saline group, (2) stress-saline group, (3) stress-VPP, IPP group (each The animals in groups 8), (2) and (3) were subjected to 9 days of cold stress, which was placed in a cold room (4 ° C.) for 4 hours per day.

  On the 10th day, as samples, 1 ml of physiological saline was given to the rats of the groups (1) and (2), and 3 mg / kg body weight of IPP and VPP synthesized by the method of Example 3 was given to the group (3). 1 ml of physiological saline dissolved to a concentration was forcibly administered into the stomach with an oral sonde. After the administration, the rats of groups (2) and (3) were subjected to 4 hours of cold stress, and 2 hours after the end of the stress loading, non-warming, non-invasive rat blood pressure monitor (form: PE-300) The blood pressure of each group of rats was measured by tail-cuff method using a mold, manufactured by CSI.

  Table 1 shows the blood pressure measurement results. As shown in Table 1, both the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure were higher in the stressed (2) group than in the non-stressed (1) group. In group (3) to which VPP and IPP were administered, both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were lower than in group (2) to which physiological saline was administered, and the value of blood pressure was not stressed (1 ) It was close to the group.

  Table 2 shows changes in blood pressure before and after the cold stress load. As shown in Table 2, both the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure were significantly increased in the stressed (2) group compared to the non-stressed (1) group. In the group (3) administered with VPP and IPP, the increase in both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure was suppressed as compared with the group (2) administered with physiological saline, and a significant difference was observed in the systolic blood pressure. . From the above results, it was confirmed that administration of IPP and VPP provides an effect of suppressing an increase in blood pressure after stress loading.

Example 5
Twenty-four male Wistar rats (body weight of about 300 g) were bred for one week. During the preliminary breeding period and the experiment period, a solid sample (CE-2, manufactured by CLEA Japan) was given on a restricted diet, and water was freely consumed.

  After the completion of the preliminary breeding, the rats were divided into three groups: (1) a physiological saline administration group, (2) a VPP administration group, and (3) an IPP administration group (each group was 8 animals). (1) Group- (3) Group rats were placed in a cold room (4 ° C.) for 4 hours per day in the same manner as in Example 4 and subjected to cold stress for 9 days.

  On the 10th day, as a sample, (1) group had 1 ml of physiological saline, and (2) and (3) groups had VPP 3 mg / kg body weight or IPP 3 mg / kg synthesized by the method of Example 3, respectively. 1 ml of physiological saline dissolved to obtain body weight was forcibly administered into the stomach with an oral sonde. After the administration, the rats in groups (1) to (3) were subjected to 4 hours of cold stress in the same manner as in Example 4 and blood pressure was measured.

  Table 3 shows the blood pressure measurement results. As shown in Table 3, in the groups (2) and (3) administered with the tripeptide, both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly lower than those in the group (1) administered with physiological saline, It was recognized that the effect of suppressing the increase in blood pressure after stress loading can be obtained by administering the tripeptide.

Example 6
As a sample, the group (1) contains 2 ml of physiological saline, and the groups (2) and (3) contain 5 ml / kg body weight of fermented milk obtained in Example 1 or a purified tripeptide obtained in Example 2, respectively. The test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 5 except that 150 ml / kg of the powder powder was dissolved in physiological saline to make 2 ml, and blood pressure was measured after sample administration and stress loading.

  Table 4 shows the blood pressure measurement results. As shown in Table 4, when comparing (2) group administered fermented milk and (3) group administered tripeptide purified fraction powder with (1) group administered physiological saline, systolic blood pressure, Both diastolic blood pressure is lower in groups (2) and (3) than in group (1), and by administering fermented milk and a purified tripeptide fraction, the effect of suppressing an increase in blood pressure after stress loading Was found to be obtained.

Example 7
Twenty-four male Wistar rats (body weight of about 300 g) were bred for one week. During the preliminary breeding period, solid feed (trade name CE-2, manufactured by CLEA Japan) was given as a restricted diet, and water was freely consumed.

  After completion of the pre-breeding, the rats were divided into three groups: (1) no stress-saline group, (2) stress-saline group, (3) stress-VPP, IPP group (each 8 animals), (2) and (3) animals were immersed in a 25 ° C. water bath under the head so that the head would come out of the water surface so that they could breathe in a wire mesh restraint cage. Water immersion restraint stress was applied continuously for 6 hours for 5 days per day. During the stress loading period, solid feed (trade name CE-2, manufactured by Nippon Claire) and water were freely ingested.

  Each rat was administered the sample for 5 consecutive days from the stress load start date to the load end date. As a sample, 1 ml of physiological saline was dissolved in the groups (1) and (2), and IPP and VPP synthesized by the method of Example 3 were dissolved in the group (3) to a concentration of 3 mg / kg body weight. 1 ml of the physiological saline was forcibly administered into the stomach with an oral sonde.

  Urine was collected in the metabolic cage from the second to third days of stress loading, and urinary catecholamine and indoleamine were analyzed using HPLC. As the column, a silica reverse layer column (trade name “Catechol Pack”) manufactured by JASCO Corporation was used, and as the detection device, an electrochemical detector (trade name “Kurochem”) manufactured by esa Corporation was used.

  After the end of stress loading on the last day of stress loading, the mice were killed by decapitation, blood was collected, and the thymus and spleen were removed. For serum, the amino acid composition was measured with an amino acid analyzer (type 800 series, manufactured by JASCO Corporation), and the Fischer ratio (molar ratio of branched chain amino acid / aromatic amino acid) was calculated. Thymus and liver were weighed, and for spleen, spleen cells were prepared by the following method, and spleen cells were measured for interleukin 2 production ability and mitogen reactivity.

(Preparation of spleen cells)
The excised spleen is finely crushed with a homogenizer and treated with hypotonic treatment to remove erythrocytes. After washing with 2% fetal calf serum (FCS) -containing MEM, the number of cells is 1 × 10 in 10% FCS-containing RPM1640 medium. ^A free floating cell solution was prepared by suspending to ⁷ .

(Measurement of interleukin 2 production ability)
An RPM1640 medium containing the prepared spleen cells 2.5 × 10 ⁶ , concanavalin A (ConA) 5 μg / ml, and 10% FCS is prepared, cultured for 24 hours, and the amount of interleukin 2 in the supernatant is measured. did. The amount of interleukin 2 was measured by a bioassay using the growth of an interleukin 2-reactive cell line as an index.

(Mitogen reactivity)
RPMA 1640 medium containing ConA or pork wheat mitogen (PWM) as a mitogen and containing 5 μg / ml of either of these, 5 × 10 ⁶ spleen cells prepared above, and 10% FCS is prepared, and cultured for 24 hours. The number of cells after 24 hours was measured by absorbance using MTT (3- (4,5-dimethylthiazoil-2-yl) -2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide) uptake as an index, and the ratio to the number of cells without mitogen Expressed in

  Table 5 shows the amount of excretion of urinary noradrenaline and dopamine from the second day to the third day of stress loading. As shown in Table 5, the excretion amounts of urinary noradrenaline and dopamine were significantly reduced in the stressed (2) group compared to the non-stressed (1) group. In the group (3) administered with the tripeptide, a decrease in both urinary noradrenaline and dopamine excretion tended to be suppressed as compared to the group (2) administered with physiological saline. Therefore, it was recognized that IPP and VPP have an effect of suppressing a decrease in urinary noradrenaline and dopamine excretion after stress loading.

  Table 6 shows the Fischer ratio of serum amino acids after sacrifice. As shown in Table 6, the Fischer ratio was significantly lower in the stressed (2) group than in the non-stressed (1) group, but in the (3) group administered the tripeptide The Fischer ratio was significantly higher than that of the group (2) to which physiological saline was administered.

  Table 7 shows the weight of the thymus and spleen after sacrifice. In the stressed (2) group, both the thymus and spleen were significantly reduced in weight compared to the non-stressed (1) group. In the group (3) to which the tripeptide was administered, the thymus weight and spleen weight were slightly higher than those in the group (2) to which the physiological saline was administered.

  Table 8 shows the mitogen reactivity of spleen cells, and Table 9 shows the ability of spleen cells to produce interleukin-2. In the stress-loaded group (2), compared with the non-stressed group (1), the mitogen reactivity decreased and the interleukin 2 production ability decreased, but the tripeptide was administered (3) In the group, the mitogen reactivity increased and the interleukin production ability tended to increase as compared with the group (2) administered with physiological saline.

  From these results, administration of IPP and VPP suppresses changes in immune function indicators such as changes in blood amino acid balance (Fischer ratio), thymus and spleen atrophy, and decreased spleen cell reactivity due to stress. It was found to have an effect.

Claims (1)

Ile-Pro-Pro and / or Val-Pro-Pro including as an active ingredient, caused by stress, at least one of preventing and alleviating agent for reduction and Fischer ratio decreased urinary dopamine.