JP2011089605A - Method for manufacturing outer ring, device for manufacturing the outer ring, divided outer ring member, roller bearing, and supporting structure of rotating shaft - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for manufacturing an outer ring reducing the risk that a divided surface is discontinuous in dividing. <P>SOLUTION: The method for manufacturing the outer ring includes a pressing tool pressing process for pressing a pressing tool 45 onto an outside diameter surface 36 of an outer ring member 32. In the pressing tool pressing process, the pressing tool 45 is pressed on an end surface 33 of the outer ring member 32 in a region S<SB>1</SB>and a region S<SB>2</SB>which are the region where an angle θ<SB>1</SB>made by a first line 51 connecting a recessed point 41 recessed to the outermost diameter side of a divided groove 37 to a rotation center point shown by a rotation center axis 21 of the outer ring member 32 and a second line 52 connecting the recessed point 41 to a pressing part 48 as a pressing point for pressing the pressing tool 45 is equal to or less than ±45° based on the first line 51 with excluding a region S<SB>3</SB>which is obtained by projecting the recessed point 41 on an inside diameter surface 35 side to the outside diameter surface 36. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an outer ring manufacturing method, an outer ring manufacturing apparatus, a split outer ring member, and a roller bearing, and in particular, an outer ring manufacturing method including a split outer ring member that is split by natural split, and manufacturing of such an outer ring. The present invention relates to a device, a divided outer ring member divided by natural splitting, a roller bearing including such a divided outer ring member, and a support structure for a rotary shaft including such a roller bearing.

  As a bearing that supports a camshaft or a crankshaft, a needle roller bearing that is capable of receiving a heavy load despite having a small bearing projection area and that is highly rigid may be used. Here, as an outer ring provided in the needle roller bearing, an outer ring formed by combining a substantially semi-cylindrical divided outer ring member obtained by dividing an annular outer ring member into two is applied.

  Such a needle roller bearing incorporates a pair of two split outer ring members from the outer diameter side of the shaft, and butts the circumferential ends of the respective split outer ring members to form one annular outer ring. can do. The needle roller bearing having such a configuration can improve the assemblability of the outer ring with respect to the shaft.

  A roller bearing having such a split outer ring is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-29129 (Patent Document 1) and Japanese Patent No. 3046645 (Patent Document 2).

  According to Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, when a cylindrical raceway ring is divided, grooves having a V-shaped cross section extending in a U shape or an arc shape are preliminarily formed at two locations in the circumferential direction of the raceway ring. It is supposed to be cut and divided by pressing from the outer diameter side.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-29129 Japanese Patent No. 3046645

  About an outer ring | wheel, it is necessary to match | combine the edge parts of the circumferential direction of a pair of division | segmentation outer ring | wheel member, respectively. In this case, if there is a discontinuous surface in the dividing surface at the end in the circumferential direction, a deviation may occur in the axial direction when combined. In addition, the split surface of the split outer ring member has a fractured surface, but if the distance of fracture becomes longer, a discontinuous fractured surface tends to occur. The term “discontinuous fracture surface” as used herein means that there is a large difference in the unevenness of the fracture surface formed at the time of fracture, that is, the difference in the amount of protrusion at the recess and the amount of protrusion at the protrusion.

  If the fractured surface becomes discontinuous, the projections on the fractured surface ride on each other when the split outer ring members are displaced in the axial direction during assembly. If it does so, the quantity in the gap in the gap | interval in the combination of a division | segmentation outer ring member and a division | segmentation outer ring member will become large. As a result, there arises a problem that the acoustic value during operation of the bearing becomes large. The techniques disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above may not be able to cope with the above-described problems.

  The objective of this invention is providing the manufacturing method of the outer ring | wheel which can reduce the possibility that a division surface will become discontinuous at the time of a division | segmentation.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide an outer ring manufacturing apparatus capable of reducing the possibility that the split surface becomes discontinuous during splitting.

  Still another object of the present invention is to provide a split outer ring member capable of reducing the noise of the roller bearing during operation.

  Still another object of the present invention is to provide a roller bearing capable of reducing noise during operation.

  Still another object of the present invention is to provide a support structure for a rotating shaft capable of reducing noise during operation of the bearing.

An outer ring manufacturing method according to the present invention is an outer ring manufacturing method formed by combining a plurality of divided outer ring members divided in a direction along the rotation center axis, and a step of preparing a cylindrical outer ring member; A split groove forming step for forming a split groove continuously extending from one end face of the outer ring member to the other end face on the inner diameter face side of the outer ring member; A pressing jig pressing step of pressing the pressing jig against the outer diameter surface; and a splitting step of pressing the pressing jig pressed by the pressing jig pressing step toward the inner diameter side to break the outer ring member. Here, the pressing jig pressing step includes the first line connecting the concave point recessed most on the outer diameter side of the split groove and the rotation center point of the outer ring member, the concave point and the pressing on both end faces of the outer ring member. The angle θ ₁ formed with the second line connecting the pressing point against which the jig is pressed is an area of ± 45 ° or less with respect to the first line, and a dent point provided on the inner diameter surface side is In this step, the pressing jig is pressed against a region avoiding the region projected on the outer diameter surface.

  By comprising in this way, the direction of the fracture | rupture at the time of a division | segmentation can be made the same as the direction where a pressure is added. Moreover, the distance of the rupture at the time of rupture can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the split surface becomes discontinuous during the manufacture of the outer ring.

  Preferably, the split groove forming step includes a step of forming the split groove in an arc shape such that, when viewed from the inner diameter side of the outer ring member, the central portion in the axial direction protrudes in the circumferential direction from both end portions in the axial direction. .

  Further, the split groove forming step is a step of forming the split groove in a substantially U shape so that the central portion in the axial direction protrudes in the circumferential direction from both end portions in the axial direction when viewed from the inner diameter side of the outer ring member. You may comprise so that it may contain.

  By comprising in this way, when a roller rolls on the area | region in which the dividing groove was formed, a roller can be rolled smoothly and the noise at the time of rolling of a roller can be reduced.

  More preferably, the split groove forming step includes a step of forming the split groove in a V shape when the outer ring member is viewed from both end face sides.

  By configuring in this way, it becomes easy to break the outer ring member along the split groove, starting from the most recessed point of the V-shaped groove.

  More preferably, the pressing jig pressing step includes a position detection step of detecting a circumferential position of the dent point.

  By comprising in this way, it becomes easy to clarify the position of a dent point from the outside and to press a pressing jig on the above-mentioned area.

  More preferably, the splitting step includes a step of disposing an inner diameter restraining jig for preventing deformation of the outer ring member on the inner diameter side of the outer ring member.

  By configuring in this way, deformation of the outer ring member can be prevented when pressing from the outer diameter surface of the outer ring member toward the inner diameter side.

  Preferably, the splitting step is performed after the hardness increasing step for increasing the hardness of the divided portion of the outer ring member.

  By comprising in this way, when dividing | segmenting the division part of an outer ring member, what is called a brittle fracture can be accelerated | stimulated and the possibility that a fracture surface may become discontinuous can further be reduced.

  As a further preferred embodiment, the splitting step is a step of splitting the outer ring member by setting the temperature of the outer ring member at −80 to −100 ° C. when the outer ring member is split.

  By comprising in this way, low temperature brittleness can be utilized.

  In another aspect of the present invention, the outer ring manufacturing apparatus has a shape recessed from the inner diameter surface to the outer diameter side on the inner diameter surface side of the cylindrical outer ring member, from one end surface to the other end surface of the outer ring member. It is an outer ring manufacturing apparatus formed by combining a split outer ring member obtained by dividing an outer ring member provided with a split groove extending in advance in a direction along the rotation center axis. Here, the outer ring manufacturing apparatus is rod-shaped and is disposed on the inner diameter side of the outer ring member, and is arranged on the outer diameter surface of the outer ring member restrained by the inner diameter restraining jig and the inner diameter restraining jig that restrains the inner diameter side of the outer ring member. A pressing jig capable of abutting in the axial direction and capable of being pushed toward the inner diameter side of the outer ring member, and a recess point recessed on the outermost diameter side of the split groove and the outer ring member on both end faces of the outer ring member The angle θ formed by the first line connecting the rotation center points of the second line and the second line connecting the depression point and the pressing point against which the pressing jig is pressed is within an area of ± 45 ° or less with respect to the first line. And an adjusting means for adjusting the pressing jig so as to press against a region avoiding a region where a recess point provided on the inner diameter surface side is projected onto the outer diameter surface.

  With such a configuration, the outer ring member can be divided by adjusting the pressing position to the above-described region by the adjusting means while preventing deformation of the outer ring member by the inner diameter restraining jig. Therefore, the outer ring | wheel which can reduce the possibility that a division surface will become discontinuous more easily and reliably can be manufactured.

In yet another aspect of the present invention, the divided outer ring member is a divided outer ring member obtained by dividing a cylindrical outer ring member in a direction along the rotation center axis, and the outer diameter from the inner diameter surface to the inner diameter surface side of the outer ring member. A groove that is recessed to the side and that extends from one end surface to the other end surface of the outer ring member is formed, and a dent point that is recessed to the outermost diameter side of the dividing groove on both end surfaces of the outer ring member And the angle θ ₁ formed by the first line connecting the rotation center points of the outer ring member and the second line connecting the depression point and the pressing point against which the pressing jig is pressed is ± 45 ° with respect to the first line. Press the pressing jig against the area that is the following area, and avoid the area where the dent point provided on the inner diameter surface side is projected on the outer diameter surface, and push the pressed pressing jig toward the inner diameter side, It is manufactured by breaking the outer ring member.

  When such a split outer ring member is provided in a roller bearing, it is possible to reduce the noise of the roller bearing during operation.

The split outer ring member is an arc-shaped split outer ring member obtained by dividing a cylindrical outer ring member in a direction along the central axis of rotation at any two locations in the circumferential direction. , A third reference line connecting the division reference point located on the innermost diameter side of the division surface and the radial center point of the division outer ring member, and a circumferential reference point on the outer diameter surface of the division reference point and the division outer ring member. the angle theta ₂ between the fourth line connecting the third line to or less ± 45 ° as a reference, is formed on the inner surface, the inner diameter dividing line of the split outer ring member axially extending outer diameter surface The projected projection dividing line and the outer diameter dividing line of the divided outer ring member formed on the outer diameter surface and extending in the axial direction do not intersect at any position in the axial direction.

  In addition, when such a split outer ring member is provided in the roller bearing, it is possible to reduce the noise of the roller bearing during operation.

  In yet another aspect of the present invention, a roller bearing includes: an outer ring formed by combining a plurality of any of the above-described divided outer ring members; and a roller disposed on the inner diameter side of the outer ring and rolling on the inner diameter surface of the outer ring. Prepare.

  Such a roller bearing can reduce the noise of the roller bearing during operation.

  In yet another aspect of the present invention, a rotating shaft support structure includes the roller bearing described above and a rotating shaft supported by the roller bearing.

  Such a support structure of the rotating shaft can reduce noise during the operation of the bearing.

  According to the method for manufacturing an outer ring according to the present invention, the direction of fracture at the time of division can be made the same as the direction in which pressure is applied. Moreover, the distance of the rupture at the time of rupture can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the split surface becomes discontinuous during the manufacture of the outer ring.

  Further, according to the outer ring manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the outer ring member can be divided by adjusting the pressing position to the above-described region by the adjusting means while preventing deformation of the outer ring member by the inner diameter restraining jig. it can. Therefore, the outer ring | wheel which can reduce the possibility that a division surface will become discontinuous more easily and reliably can be manufactured.

  Moreover, when the split outer ring member according to the present invention is provided in the roller bearing, it is possible to reduce the noise of the roller bearing during operation.

  In addition, the roller bearing according to the present invention can reduce the noise of the roller bearing during operation.

  Moreover, the support structure of the rotating shaft according to the present invention can reduce noise during operation of the bearing.

It is the figure which looked at the roller bearing which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention from the axial direction. It is the figure which looked at the outer ring | wheel with which the roller bearing shown in FIG. 1 is equipped from the axial direction. It is a flowchart which shows a typical process among the manufacturing methods of the outer ring which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the outer ring member used as the material of an outer ring from the axial direction. It is the figure which looked at the cross section of the outer ring member shown in FIG. 4 from the inner diameter side. It is the figure which looked at the outer ring member which formed the split groove from the axial direction. It is the figure which looked at the cross section of the outer ring member shown in FIG. 6 from the inner diameter side. It is the figure which expanded the split groove vicinity among the outer ring members shown in FIG. It is the schematic of the manufacturing apparatus of the outer ring which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the split groove in the outer ring manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 9. It is the figure which looked at the outer ring member from the outer diameter side, and corresponds to the figure seen from the direction of arrow IX shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the case where the area | region which projected the split groove provided in the inner diameter surface side on the outer diameter surface is made into a press position. It is a figure which shows the case where the area | region which avoided the area | region which projected the groove provided in the inner diameter surface side on the outer diameter surface is made into a press position. It is a figure which shows the edge part vicinity of the one side of the circumferential direction of the division | segmentation outer ring member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the edge part of the one side of the circumferential direction of the division | segmentation outer ring member shown in FIG. 14 from the outer-diameter surface side. It is a figure which shows the edge part vicinity of the other side of the circumferential direction of the division | segmentation outer ring member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is the figure which looked at the edge part of the other side of the circumferential direction of the division | segmentation outer ring member shown in FIG. 16 from the outer-diameter surface side. It is a figure which shows the press area | region in the case of pressing with a curve. It is the figure which looked at the cross section of the outer ring member which formed the substantially square-shaped split groove from the inner diameter side. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows an example of the support structure of the rotating shaft which concerns on this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view of a roller bearing according to an embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the axial direction. Referring to FIG. 1, a roller bearing 11 is a needle roller bearing, and includes an outer ring 12 whose inner surface 16 is an outer ring raceway surface, a plurality of needle rollers 13 that roll on the outer ring raceway surface, and a needle shape. And a cage 14 for holding the rollers 13.

  Since such a roller bearing 11 can receive a heavy load and is highly rigid, it is used, for example, when supporting a crankshaft 15 as shown in FIG. Specifically, the roller bearing 11 is mounted such that the outer diameter surface 17 of the crankshaft 15 and the rolling surface of the needle roller 13 are in contact with each other. The crankshaft 15 rotates around a rotation center shaft 21 that serves as a bearing center. The outer ring 12 is attached and fixed to a housing (not shown) provided on the outer diameter side of the outer ring 12. The plurality of needle rollers 13 roll on the outer ring raceway surface and the outer diameter surface 17 of the crankshaft 15 as the crankshaft 15 rotates. The roller bearing 11 is a bearing that receives a radial load.

  When the roller bearing 11 is attached to the crankshaft 15, it is difficult to incorporate it from the axial direction. Therefore, each annular member constituting the roller bearing 11 has a shape divided along a dividing line extending in the radial direction. In this case, the outer ring 12 is composed of two divided outer ring members 22 and 23, and the cage 14 is a combination of two divided cage members 24 and 25 formed in advance so as to have a substantially semicircular arc shape. It is configured.

  Here, the configuration of the outer ring 12 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 is a view of the outer ring 12 provided in the roller bearing 11 shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the axial direction. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the outer ring 12 is composed of two divided outer ring members 22 and 23 as described above. Each divided outer ring member 22, 23 has a shape in which an annular outer ring member is divided in a direction along the rotation center axis 21 at a position opposed to 180 °. The division in this case is a natural division. The two split outer ring members 22, 23 are in contact with one end surface 28 in the circumferential direction of the first split outer ring member 22 and one end surface 29 in the circumferential direction of the second split outer ring member 23, and One end face 30 in the circumferential direction of one divided outer ring member 22 is combined with one end face 31 in the circumferential direction of the second divided outer ring member 23 in contact with each other. Thus, the outer ring 12 is composed of the first and second divided outer ring members 22 and 23.

  In addition, when it is set as the structure divided | segmented by natural crack in this way, the end surface 28 of the 1st division | segmentation outer ring member 22 and the end surface 29 of the 2nd division | segmentation outer ring member 23 have the minute uneven | corrugated shape which becomes a pair, respectively. The same applies to the end surface 30 of the first divided outer ring member 22 and the end surface 31 of the second divided outer ring member 23. Therefore, when the annular outer ring 12 is configured by combining the first and second divided outer ring members 22, 23, the first and second divided outer ring members 22, 23 of the first and second divided outer ring members 22, 23 are meshed with each other. Deviation, specifically, axial deviation can be reduced.

  Next, a method for manufacturing the outer ring 12 shown in FIG. 2 will be described. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing typical steps in the method for manufacturing the outer ring 12 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  With reference to FIGS. 1-3, the cylindrical outer ring member used as the material of the outer ring | wheel 12 is prepared first (FIG. 3 (A)). The outer ring member corresponds to a so-called natural outer split cylindrical outer ring.

  FIG. 4 is a view of the outer ring member 32 as a material of the outer ring 12 as viewed from the axial direction. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V shown in FIG. 4 and is a view of the cross section of the outer ring member 32 shown in FIG. In the drawings shown in FIG. 4 and subsequent figures, the outer ring member 32 is shown to be thicker from the viewpoint of easy understanding, as necessary. The VV cross section is a plane including the rotation center axis 21.

  4 and 5, the cylindrical outer ring member 32 has a shape in which an inner diameter surface 35 and an outer diameter surface 36 extend straight from an end surface 33 on one side toward an end surface 34 on the other side. . The inner diameter surface 35 is an outer ring raceway surface on which the needle rollers 13 roll. Such a cylindrical outer ring member 32 is manufactured by cutting, for example.

  Next, a split groove is formed in the prepared cylindrical outer ring member 32 (FIG. 3B). The split groove is provided in a part of the inner diameter surface 35 of the outer ring member 32. Here, the split groove is a fracture starting point on the inner diameter surface 35 side when the outer ring member 32 is pressed from the outer diameter side. That is, the inner diameter side of the outer ring member 32 is divided along the split groove.

  FIG. 6 is a view of the outer ring member 32 in which the split groove is formed as seen from the axial direction. FIG. 7 is a view of the cross section of the outer ring member 32 shown in FIG. 6 as viewed from the inner diameter side. FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the split groove in the outer ring member 32 shown in FIG. 6 corresponds to the view shown in FIG. 4, and the cross section shown in FIG. 7 corresponds to the cross section shown in FIG.

  With reference to FIGS. 6 to 8, a split groove 37 having a shape recessed from the inner diameter surface 35 to the outer diameter side is formed on the inner diameter surface 35 side of the outer ring member 32. The split groove 37 has a shape extending continuously from the end surface 33 on one side of the outer ring member 32 to the end surface 34 on the other side. In addition, the split groove 37 is exaggerated and enlarged for easy understanding.

  The split groove 37 is substantially V-shaped when viewed from one end surface 33 and the other end surface 34. Specifically, in FIG. 8, the shape constituted by one side surface 39 and the other side surface 40 extending in the oblique direction forming the split groove 37 is substantially V-shaped. Here, the point where the surface 39 and the surface 40 constituting the substantially V-shape intersect, that is, the most recessed portion on the outer diameter side is the recessed point 41. Such a substantially V-shaped split groove 37 extends from the one end face 33 to the other end face 34. Further, the locus portion of the dent point 41 continuous in the axial direction becomes a specific starting point of fracture in the axial direction.

  Here, when viewed from the inner diameter side of the outer ring member 32, the split groove 37 is formed in an arc shape such that the central portion in the axial direction protrudes in the circumferential direction from both end portions in the axial direction. The circular arc here is the same circular arc at any location. The projecting amount of the arc, that is, the circumferential interval between the split groove 37 at the end surface portion and the split groove 37 at the axial center portion is the diameter of the needle roller 13 provided in the roller bearing 11 and the outer ring member 32. It is arbitrarily determined depending on the wall thickness.

  Such a split groove 37 may be formed, for example, by pressing a stamping member protruding substantially in a V shape against a predetermined portion of the inner surface 35 and plastically deforming a part of the inner surface, A cutting tool having a V-shaped cutting edge may be used so that a part of the inner diameter surface 35 is scraped from the end surface 33 on one side toward the end surface 34 on the other side.

  The split groove 37 is provided in two places on the inner diameter surface 35 of the outer ring member 32. With respect to the split groove 37 on the one side, the split groove 42 on the other side is provided at a position of about 180 ° with the rotation center shaft 21 as the center. In this case, the shape of the split groove 42 is symmetrical with respect to the split groove 37 in the protruding portion in the circumferential direction. That is, in two divided outer ring members 22 and 23 to be manufactured later, both end surfaces on the inner diameter side in the circumferential direction protrude in the circumferential direction, and end surfaces on the inner diameter side in the other circumferential direction are in the circumferential direction. It becomes a concave shape.

  Next, the pressing jig is pressed against a predetermined portion of the outer diameter surface 36 of the outer ring member 32 (FIG. 3C). Here, the configuration of the outer ring manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 2 will be briefly described. FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an outer ring manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 9, the outer ring manufacturing apparatus 43 determines the position of the rod-shaped inner diameter restraining jig 44, the pressing jig 45 whose tip is a pressing portion, the above-described split groove 37, specifically, the recessed point 41. The pin 46 as a detection means to detect, and the control part (not shown) which controls operation | movement of the pressing jig 45, etc. are provided.

  When viewed from the longitudinal direction, that is, the front and back direction in FIG. 9, the inner diameter restraining jig 44 has an outer diameter surface 47 having a substantially circular shape, and a part thereof is a chipped shape. The length in the longitudinal direction of the inner diameter restraining jig 44 is longer than the length in the axial direction of the outer ring member 32. The outer diameter of the substantially circular inner diameter restraining jig 44 is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the outer ring member 32. The inner diameter restraining jig 44 is configured to be press-fitted into the inner diameter side of the outer ring member 32. The inner diameter restraining jig 44 can rotate around the rotation center shaft 21 of the outer ring member 32.

  As described above, the pressing jig 45 includes the pressing portion 48 at the tip thereof. The pressing portion 48 is configured to be longer than the axial length of the outer ring member 32. That is, the outer ring member 32 can abut on the outer diameter surface 36 in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 9, the distal end of the pressing portion 48 has a substantially arc shape. The pressing portion 48 is provided so as to be able to advance and retreat with respect to the outer ring member 32 when the outer ring member 32 is attached to the inner diameter restraining jig 44. That is, the pressing jig 45 is configured to be movable in an inner diameter direction indicated by an arrow IX in FIG. 9 and an outer diameter direction that is the opposite direction. When the pressing jig 45 moves to the inner diameter side, the pressing portion 48 is pressed against a part of the outer diameter surface 36 of the outer ring member 32. In this case, since the pressing portion 48 has a substantially arc shape, the contact with the outer diameter surface 36 is a line contact extending in the axial direction. In addition, about the front-end | tip of the press part 48, from a viewpoint of the strength improvement of the press part 48, a flat shape may be sufficient. Even in this case, since the outer diameter surface 36 is an arc, the contact between the pressing portion 48 and the outer diameter surface 36 is a line contact.

  The pin 46 has a rod shape and is configured such that the tip thereof can be disposed in the split groove 37. Specifically, when the pin 46 is disposed in the split groove 37, the tip 49 of the pin 46 is configured to be positioned at the recessed point 41 of the split groove 37. Note that the rear end of the pin 46 is in contact with the notched part of the inner diameter restraining jig 44 described above.

  Using such an outer ring manufacturing device 43, the pressing jig 45 is pressed against a predetermined portion of the outer ring member 32. In the pressing, the position of the tip of the pin 46 and the pressing portion 48 are automatically detected, and the inner diameter restraining jig 44 is rotated or translated in the left-right direction on the paper surface so that the pressing portion 48 becomes an area described later. Adjust. Here, the areas to be pressed are the following areas.

10 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the split groove 37 in the outer ring manufacturing apparatus 43 shown in FIG. 9, and is an enlarged view of a portion X shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a view of the outer ring member 32 as seen from the outer diameter side, and corresponds to a view seen from the direction of the arrow IX shown in FIG. Here, in the pressing jig pressing step, in the end surface 33 on one side of the outer ring member 32, the outer ring represented by the rotation center shaft 21 in the recessed point 41 and the end surface 33 that are recessed to the outermost diameter side of the split groove 37. The angle θ ₁ formed by the first line 51 connecting the rotation center points of the member 32 and the second line 52 connecting the pressing point 48 that presses against the depression point 41 and the pressing jig 45 is the first θ ₁ . The pressing jig 45 is pressed against an area that is ± 45 ° or less with respect to the line 51 and that avoids the area in which the indentation point 41 provided on the inner diameter surface 35 side is projected onto the outer diameter surface 36. It is a process. Specifically, the pressing portion 48 of the press jig 45 as a line contact, and any position in FIG. 10 and the area S ₁ and area S ₂ shown in FIG. 11. In this case, since the line contact line extending in the axial direction, a rectangular region corresponding depressions points 41 provided on the inner surface 35 side in a region obtained by projecting the outer surface 36 is an area S ₃ . The same applies to the end face 34 on the other side.

Here, assuming that the second line corresponding to 45 ° with respect to the first line 51 is a line 53 and the second line corresponding to −45 ° with respect to the first line 51 is a line 54, respectively, Intersections with the lines constituting the outer diameter surface 36 are intersections 55 and 56. Further, among the recessed points 41 of the end face 33, the point projected on the outer diameter surface 36 is a point 57, and the point projected on the outer diameter surface 36 is the point projected most in the circumferential direction on the outer diameter surface 36. Become. In FIG. 11, in the case of pressing by line contact, the region S ₁ , the region S ₂ , and the region S ₃ are each represented by a rectangular shape.

  Then, the pressing jig 45 pressed against the above-described region is pushed forward toward the inner diameter side to break the outer ring member 32 (FIG. 3D). In this case, it is a natural split starting from the indentation point 41.

  By comprising in this way, the direction of the fracture | rupture at the time of a division | segmentation can be made the same as the direction where a pressure is added. Moreover, the distance of the rupture at the time of rupture can be shortened. Therefore, when manufacturing the outer ring | wheel 12, the possibility that a division surface may become discontinuous can be reduced.

  In the above description, the pressing jig 45 is pressed against the outer ring member 32, and then the pressing jig 45 is pushed forward to break the outer ring member 32. At this time, the pressing jig 45 is pushed forward without lowering the speed. Also good. That is, the outer ring member 32 and the pressing jig are positioned in advance so that the pressing jig 45 presses against the above-described region when pressed, and the pressing jig 45 is moved to the outer ring member 32 side at a constant speed without reducing the speed. Proceed toward and break.

Here, the case where changing the angle theta ₁ described above in various angles.

Table 1 is a table showing the relationship between the angle θ ₁ and the fracture surface, that is, the degree of unevenness of the end faces in the circumferential direction of the divided outer ring members 22 and 23. Referring to Table 1, if the angle theta ₁ is up to 40 °, the unevenness of the fracture surface are small level, that is, becomes the difference of the irregularities is small. On the other hand, when the angle θ ₁ is 50 °, the unevenness becomes a medium level, that is, the difference between the unevenness becomes medium. Further, when the angle θ ₁ is increased, the unevenness becomes a large level, that is, the difference between the unevenness becomes large. Thus, if the angle theta ₁ with at least ± 45 ° or less in the region, the unevenness of the fracture surface becomes less medium level. This, as the angle theta ₁ is increased, the distance between the recessed point 41 and the pressing portion 48, i.e., be attributed to the distance of the fracture increases.

  Next, a region that avoids a region in which the recessed point 41 provided on the inner diameter surface 35 side is projected onto the outer diameter surface 36 will be considered. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a case where a region where the dent point 41 provided on the inner diameter surface 35 side is projected on the outer diameter surface 36 is set as a pressing position. As a comparison object, FIG. 13 shows a case where an area avoiding the area where the recessed point 41 provided on the inner diameter surface 35 side is projected on the outer diameter surface 36 is set as the pressing position. 12 and 13 correspond to FIG. 11, respectively.

  Referring to FIG. 12, when the area where the dent point 41 provided on the inner diameter surface 35 side is projected onto the outer diameter surface 36 is set as the pressing position 59, that is, when the pressing position 59 and the projection line intersect. As indicated by the arrow 12, a portion where the stress is reversed in the circumferential direction is generated on the dividing surface. Thus, when a stress reversal point exists on the dividing surface, a discontinuous surface, that is, a relatively large unevenness difference is generated on the dividing surface. On the other hand, when the area where the depression 41 provided on the inner diameter surface 35 side is avoided from the area projected on the outer diameter surface 36 is set as the pressing position 60, that is, when the pressing position 60 and the projection line do not intersect with each other, FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the stress is in the same direction in the circumferential direction, and no portion where the stress is reversed in the circumferential direction is generated on the dividing surface. Accordingly, such a divided surface becomes a continuous divided surface without any relatively small unevenness.

  As described above, according to the manufacturing method and the manufacturing apparatus of the outer ring, the direction of breakage at the time of division can be made the same as the direction in which pressure is applied. Moreover, the distance of the rupture at the time of rupture can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the split surface becomes discontinuous during the manufacture of the outer ring.

  Further, according to the outer ring manufacturing apparatus described above, the outer ring member can be divided by adjusting the pressing position to the above-described region while preventing the outer ring member from being deformed by the inner diameter restraining jig. Therefore, the outer ring | wheel which can reduce the possibility that a division surface will become discontinuous more easily and reliably can be manufactured. Here, the control unit operates as adjustment means.

The divided outer ring member according to the present invention is a divided outer ring member obtained by dividing a cylindrical outer ring member in a direction along the rotation center axis, and is recessed from the inner diameter surface to the outer diameter side of the outer ring member. The outer ring member is formed with a split groove extending continuously from one end face to the other end face of the outer ring member, and the outer ring member is recessed at the most outer diameter side of the split groove on both end faces of the outer ring member. An angle θ ₁ formed by a first line connecting the rotation center points of the first line and a second line connecting the depression point and the pressing point against which the pressing jig is pressed is an area where the angle θ ₁ is ± 45 ° or less with respect to the first line. The pressing jig is pressed against a region avoiding the region where the dent point provided on the inner diameter surface side is projected onto the outer diameter surface, the pressed pressing jig is pushed toward the inner diameter side, and the outer ring member is moved. It is manufactured by splitting.

In addition, the division | segmentation outer ring member which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention has the following shape characteristics. FIG. 14 is a view showing a part of the split outer ring member 61 according to one embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the vicinity of the end on one side in the circumferential direction. FIG. 15 is a view of a part of the split outer ring member 61 shown in FIG. 14 as viewed from the outer diameter surface side. Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15, a split outer ring member 61 according to the present invention is an arc-shaped split obtained by dividing a cylindrical outer ring member in a direction along the rotation center axis at any two locations in the circumferential direction. It is an outer ring member. Here, on the one end face 62 of the split outer ring member 61, a third line 66 connecting the split reference point 64 located on the innermost diameter side of the split face 63 and the radial center point 65 of the split outer ring member 61. When, the angle theta ₂ between the fourth line 69 connecting the circumferential end point 68 at the outer surface 67 of the divided reference point 64 and the split outer ring member 61, at ± 45 ° or less a third line 66 as a reference In addition, a projection dividing line 72 formed on the outer diameter surface 67 is formed on the inner diameter surface 70 and is projected on the outer diameter surface 67 by projecting the inner diameter division line 71 of the divided outer ring member 61 extending in the axial direction. The outer diameter parting line 73 of the split outer ring member 61 does not intersect at any position in the axial direction. That is, the projection dividing line 72 and the outer diameter dividing line 73 are configured to have an interval in the circumferential direction at any position in the axial direction. In this case, the intersection at the end face is not included. The same applies to the other end face 74.

  In addition, although the edge part of the one side of the circumferential direction of the division | segmentation outer ring member 61 shown in FIG.14 and FIG.15 was an arc shape in which an axial direction center part protrudes rather than an axial direction both ends in an internal diameter surface, FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 show the vicinity of the other end portion in the circumferential direction that has an arc shape in which the central portion in the axial direction is recessed from both end portions in the axial direction.

Referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, on one end face 62 of the split outer ring member 61, a split reference point 82 located closest to the inner diameter side of the split surface 81 and a radial center point 65 of the split outer ring member 61. The angle θ ₂ formed by the third line 83 connecting the third reference line 82 and the fourth line 85 connecting the circumferential reference point 82 and the circumferential end point 84 of the outer diameter surface 67 of the divided outer ring member 61 is the third line 83. A reference dividing line 87 formed on the inner diameter surface 70 and projecting an inner diameter dividing line 86 of the divided outer ring member 61 extending in the axial direction on the outer diameter surface 67 and the outer diameter surface 67. The outer diameter dividing line 88 of the divided outer ring member 61 that is formed and extends in the axial direction does not intersect at any position in the axial direction. The same applies to the end face 74 on the other side.

  When the split outer ring member having such a shape feature is provided in the roller bearing, it is possible to reduce the noise of the roller bearing during operation.

  In the above embodiment, the central portion in the axial direction on the inner diameter surface side of the end portion on one side of the split outer ring member protrudes in the circumferential direction, and the central portion in the axial direction on the inner diameter surface side of the other end portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a split outer ring member having a shape in which the central portion in the axial direction on the inner diameter surface side protrudes in the circumferential direction is not limited to this. In this case, an annular outer ring is configured by combining with a split outer ring member having a shape in which the central part in the axial direction on the inner diameter surface side is recessed in the circumferential direction at both ends. That is, when the outer ring member is formed such that the arc shape of the split groove is formed such that the end portions in the circumferential direction of both sides protrude on the divided outer ring member side on one side.

  In the above embodiment, the V-shaped dividing groove is formed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a U-shaped shape or the like may be used. That is, the surface that forms the split groove may be configured to include a curved surface instead of a flat surface.

  In the above-described embodiment, the splitting process may be performed after the hardness increasing process for increasing the hardness of the divided portion of the outer ring member. By comprising in this way, when dividing | segmenting the division part of an outer ring member, what is called a brittle fracture can be accelerated | stimulated and the possibility that a fracture surface may become discontinuous can further be reduced. The increase in hardness in this case includes, for example, a quenching process.

  Further, the splitting step may be a step of setting the temperature of the outer ring member to −80 to −100 ° C. By comprising in this way, the low temperature brittleness of a metal can be utilized.

  In the above embodiment, the dividing groove has an arc shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, the dividing groove may have a linear shape or a configuration including various curves and straight lines. Specifically, for example, when the split groove is viewed from the inner diameter side of the outer ring member, it is formed in a substantially U shape such that the central portion in the axial direction protrudes in the circumferential direction from both end portions in the axial direction. That is, the split groove forming step is a step of forming the split groove in a substantially U shape so that the axial center portion protrudes in the circumferential direction from both axial end portions when viewed from the inner diameter side of the outer ring member. You may comprise so that it may contain.

  FIG. 19 is a view of a cross section of the outer ring member in this case as viewed from the inner diameter side, and corresponds to FIG. That is, FIG. 19 is a view of a cross-section of the outer ring member formed with a substantially U-shaped split groove as viewed from the inner diameter side. In the outer ring member 91 shown in FIG. 19, the configuration other than the split groove is the same as that of the outer ring member 32 shown in FIG.

  Referring to FIG. 19, the split groove 92 formed on the inner diameter side of the outer ring member 91 has a substantially square shape when viewed from the inner diameter side. Specifically, the substantially U-shaped split groove 92 includes a pair of linear portions 93 and 94 extending obliquely with respect to the rotation center shaft 21 when viewed from the inner diameter side. The two linear portions 93 and 94 have axial end portions located on both end surfaces 33 and 34 of the outer ring member 32. And the two linear parts 93 and 94 are the structures extended in the diagonal direction toward the axial direction center part side from the axial direction edge part side, and are connected by the axial direction center part. Such a split groove 92 may be formed. Even if comprised in this way, there can exist an effect similar to an above-mentioned circular arc-shaped dividing groove. That is, when the roller rolls on the area where the split groove is formed, the roller can be smoothly rolled, and noise during the rolling of the roller can be reduced.

In the splitting process, the line is pressed so as to be in line contact. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the pressing unit may be configured by a curved line within the range of the pressing area described above. Moreover, you may decide to press so that it may have a width | variety in the circumferential direction. That is, surface contact is assumed. In this case, the pressing region, there region S ₁ and area S ₂ shown in FIG. 18, is pressed so as not span the respective regions S ₁ and the area S _2.

  In the above embodiment, in the outer ring manufacturing method, the pressing position is automatically adjusted. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the pressing position may be adjusted by visual observation or the like. Further, although the pin is used for detecting the split groove, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the split groove may be detected using a displacement meter, a proximity sensor, image processing, or the like.

  In the above embodiment, the outer ring is configured by combining two divided outer ring members. However, the outer ring is not limited to this, and the outer ring is configured by combining three or more divided outer ring members. You may do it. That is, in the outer ring manufacturing method, the annular outer ring member may be divided into three or more divided outer ring members.

  Such roller bearings are effectively used when supporting the crankshaft. FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of the support structure for the rotating shaft including the roller bearing 11 according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 20, the rotating shaft support structure 95 includes a crankshaft 15 as a rotating shaft, a roller bearing 11 that supports the crankshaft 15, and a bearing base 96 to which the roller bearing 11 is attached. The bearing stand 96 includes a cap-side housing 97 disposed on the upper side in the drawing in FIG. 20 and a bearing stand main body 98 disposed on the lower side in the drawing. The cap-side housing 97 and the bearing base body 98 are fastened and attached in the vertical direction, that is, the vertical direction on the paper surface by two bolts 99a and 99b. Such a support structure 95 for the rotating shaft can reduce noise during operation of the bearing. Such a support structure 95 of the rotating shaft is applied to an internal combustion engine such as an engine of an outboard motor or an automobile.

  In the above embodiment, the roller bearing includes a cage. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the roller bearing may be configured not to include the cage. Further, the roller bearing may include an inner ring.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments. Various modifications and variations can be made to the illustrated embodiment within the same range or equivalent range as the present invention.

  The outer ring manufacturing method, outer ring manufacturing apparatus, split outer ring member, roller bearing, and rotating shaft support structure according to the present invention are effectively used when applied to a roller bearing that is difficult to be assembled in the axial direction. The

  11 Roller bearing, 12 Outer ring, 13 Needle roller, 14 Cage, 15 Crankshaft, 16, 35, 70 Inner surface, 17, 36, 47, 67 Outer surface, 21 Center of rotation, 22, 23, 61 Division Outer ring member, 24, 25 Divided cage member, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 62, 74 End face, 32, 91 Outer ring member, 37, 42, 92 Split groove, 39, 40 face, 41 Recessed point 43, outer ring manufacturing equipment, 44 inner diameter restraining jig, 45 pressing jig, 46 pin, 48 pressing part, 49 tip, 51, 52, 53, 54, 66, 69, 71, 72, 73, 83, 85, 86, 87, 88 lines, 55, 56, 57, 58, 64, 65, 68, 82, 84 points, 59, 60 pressing position, 63, 81 dividing plane, 93, 94 linear part, 95 Support structure for rotating shaft, 96Cradle, 97 cap housing, 98 pedestal body, 99a, 99b volts.

Claims (13)

A method of manufacturing an outer ring formed by combining a plurality of divided outer ring members divided in a direction along the rotation center axis,
A step of preparing a cylindrical outer ring member;
A split groove forming step of forming a split groove continuously extending from one end face of the outer ring member to the other end face on the inner diameter face side of the outer ring member;
A pressing jig pressing step of pressing a pressing jig against the outer diameter surface of the outer ring member;
A pressing step of pressing the pressing jig pressed by the pressing jig pressing step toward the inner diameter side, and a splitting step of splitting the outer ring member,
The pressing jig pressing step includes: And an angle θ ₁ formed with a second line connecting the pressing point against which the pressing jig is pressed is an area of ± 45 ° or less with respect to the first line, and is provided on the inner diameter surface side. A method for manufacturing an outer ring, which is a step of pressing the pressing jig against a region avoiding a region where the recessed point is projected onto the outer diameter surface. The split groove forming step includes a step of forming the split groove in an arc shape such that the central portion in the axial direction protrudes in the circumferential direction from both end portions in the axial direction when viewed from the inner diameter side of the outer ring member. The manufacturing method of the outer ring | wheel of Claim 1. In the split groove forming step, the split groove is formed in a substantially U shape so that the central portion in the axial direction protrudes in the circumferential direction from both end portions in the axial direction when viewed from the inner diameter side of the outer ring member. The manufacturing method of the outer ring | wheel of Claim 1 including a process. The method for manufacturing an outer ring according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the split groove forming step includes a step of forming the split groove into a V shape when the outer ring member is viewed from both end surfaces. . The said press jig pressing process is a manufacturing method of the outer ring | wheel in any one of Claims 1-4 including the position detection process of detecting the position of the circumferential direction of the said dent point. The outer ring manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the splitting step includes a step of disposing an inner diameter restraining jig for preventing deformation of the outer ring member on an inner diameter side of the outer ring member. The method of manufacturing an outer ring according to claim 1, wherein the splitting step is performed after a hardness increasing step for increasing the hardness of the divided portion of the outer ring member. The method of manufacturing an outer ring according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the splitting step is a step of splitting the outer ring member at a temperature of -80 to -100 ° C when the outer ring member is split. The outer ring in which a split groove extending in a continuous manner from one end face to the other end face of the outer ring member is provided in advance on the inner diameter side of the cylindrical outer ring member. An outer ring manufacturing apparatus formed by combining divided outer ring members obtained by dividing a member in a direction along the rotation center axis,
An inner diameter restraining jig that is rod-shaped and is disposed on the inner diameter side of the outer ring member and restrains the inner diameter side of the outer ring member;
A pressing jig capable of abutting over the outer diameter surface of the outer ring member restrained by the inner diameter restraining jig in the axial direction and capable of being pushed forward toward the inner diameter side of the outer ring member;
On both end faces of the outer ring member, a first line connecting a recess point that is most concave on the outer diameter side of the split groove and a rotation center point of the outer ring member, and a press that presses the recess point and the pressing jig. The angle θ formed with the second line connecting the points is an area of ± 45 ° or less with respect to the first line, and the recessed point provided on the inner diameter surface side is defined as the outer diameter surface. An outer ring manufacturing apparatus, comprising: an adjusting unit that adjusts the pressing jig so as to press the pressing jig against an area that avoids the projected area. A split outer ring member obtained by dividing a cylindrical outer ring member in a direction along the rotation center axis,
On the inner diameter surface side of the outer ring member, a shape that is recessed from the inner diameter surface to the outer diameter side, and forming a split groove that extends continuously from one end surface to the other end surface of the outer ring member,
On both end faces of the outer ring member, a first line connecting a recess point that is most concave on the outer diameter side of the split groove and a rotation center point of the outer ring member, and a press that presses the recess point and the pressing jig. The angle θ ₁ formed with the second line connecting the points is an area of ± 45 ° or less with respect to the first line, and the indented point provided on the inner diameter surface side is defined as the outer diameter surface. Press the pressing jig against the area avoiding the area projected on
A split outer ring member manufactured by pushing a pressed pressing jig toward the inner diameter side and breaking the outer ring member. A cylindrical outer ring member is an arc-shaped divided outer ring member divided in a direction along the rotation center axis at two arbitrary locations in the circumferential direction,
On both end faces of the divided outer ring member, a third line connecting a division reference point located on the innermost diameter side of the division surface and a radial center point of the divided outer ring member, the division reference point and the division outer ring The angle θ ₂ formed by the fourth line connecting the circumferential end points on the outer diameter surface of the member is ± 45 ° or less with respect to the third line,
A projection dividing line formed on the inner diameter surface and projecting an inner diameter dividing line of the divided outer ring member extending in the axial direction onto the outer diameter surface, and an outer diameter division of the divided outer ring member formed on the outer diameter surface and extending in the axial direction A split outer ring member in which the line does not intersect at any position in the axial direction. An outer ring formed by combining a plurality of divided outer ring members according to claim 10 or 11,
A roller bearing comprising: a roller disposed on an inner diameter side of the outer ring and rolling on an inner diameter surface of the outer ring. A roller bearing according to claim 12,
A rotating shaft support structure comprising a rotating shaft supported by the roller bearing.

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