JP2011061662A - Antenna matching apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low-priced antenna matching apparatus applicable to a frequency available for HF-band Ham radio. <P>SOLUTION: The present invention relates to an antenna matching apparatus wherein, between a shortwave radio transceiver 10 and an antenna 20, a high-frequency impedance matching transformer 30 comprising a plurality of transceiver-side intermediate taps and a plurality of antenna-side intermediate taps and a variable inductor 40 are cascaded. In the matching apparatus, impedance matching between the antenna 20 and the shortwave radio transceiver 10 is achieved by selecting the transceiver-side intermediate tap and the antenna-side intermediate tap in accordance with a frequency to be used. The high-frequency impedance matching transformer 30 is configured by bundling eight insulated lead wires 31 and winding them eight times in a bi-filer winding fashion around a toroidal core 32 of ferrite, providing eight connection taps in transceiver-side winding, and providing eight connection taps in antenna-side winding. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to an antenna matching apparatus for an HF band radio device.

The range of frequencies that can be used for amateur radio in the HF band of 1.6 MHz to 30 MHz has been expanded, and a problem has arisen that the conventional antenna cannot sufficiently cover the bandwidth. Emitting radio waves with antennas that are not properly tuned can lead to transmitter and receiver failures and radio interference. If radio interference occurs, the person operating the transceiver must immediately stop emitting radio waves and take countermeasures. If it is not confirmed that no radio wave interference will occur, it is prohibited by law to resume the operation of the transceiver. Therefore, an antenna matching device called an antenna tuner or an antenna coupler, which is attached to an antenna feeding unit for antenna adjustment or inserted into a transmission path between an antenna and a transceiver, has been widely used. However, these conventional antenna matching devices can be used with a large power of 500 W or more, and it is expensive to adjust the resonance frequency and impedance matching of the antenna remotely by changing the transmission frequency. .

  An example of a conventional antenna matching device for an HF band radio is described in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-28141 (Patent Document 1). That is, this antenna matching device includes a transformer group that selects one of a plurality of transformers having different impedance transformation ratios by switching a switch between the antenna connection terminal of the short wave radio transceiver and the antenna, and an inductance and a capacitor. The impedance matching unit is connected in cascade, and the antenna and the impedance of the short-wave radio transceiver are matched by switching the switch in accordance with the operating frequency. This conventional antenna matching device achieves a reduction in size and weight. However, since the inductance constituting the impedance matching unit is saturated with a large current, this conventional antenna matching device cannot be applied to a transmission / reception antenna having a high power of 500 W or more. Further, since a plurality of transformers having different impedance transformation ratios are used, there is a problem that the transformer group becomes large.

  A conventional variable inductor in which a large inductance value cannot be obtained because it is saturated with a large current is, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-17688 (Patent Document 2), in which an insulated conductor is wound in a cylindrical shape. The rotating cylindrical coil member, a ferromagnetic rod inserted coaxially into the cylindrical coil member, and member moving means for changing the insertion amount of the ferromagnetic rod.

  A conventional variable inductor that does not saturate with a large current is described in FIG. The variable inductor includes a cylindrical coil member in which an insulated conductor is wound in a cylindrical shape, a superconductor rod that is coaxially inserted into the cylindrical coil member, and a member that varies the amount of insertion of the superconductor rod. And moving means. However, since a low-cost superconductor rod cannot be obtained, it does not seem to be put into practical use.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-28141 JP-A-5-17688

The first problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a low-cost antenna matching apparatus that can be applied to frequencies that can be used for amateur radio in the HF band.
A second problem to be solved by the present invention is a low-cost antenna matching apparatus that can be applied to a frequency that can be used for amateur radio in the HF band. To provide an antenna matching device that can be operated and adjusted remotely.
A third problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a low-cost high-frequency impedance matching transformer that constitutes an antenna matching device that can be applied to frequencies that can be used for amateur radio in the HF band.

An antenna matching device that solves the first problem described above is an antenna matching device in which a high-frequency impedance matching transformer and a variable inductor are cascade-connected between an antenna connection terminal of a shortwave radio transceiver and an antenna.
The variable inductor has a cylindrical coil member in which an insulating conductor is wound around a first insulating pipe and a cylindrical conductive member in which a conductive thin plate is attached to a second insulating pipe and is coaxially arranged in the housing. Inductance is variable by moving the cylindrical conductive member in the axial direction by member moving means, and
The high-frequency impedance matching transformer includes a plurality of transceiver-side intermediate taps and a plurality of antenna-side intermediate taps, and selects the transmitter-receiver-side intermediate tap and the antenna-side intermediate tap according to a frequency to be used. It is characterized by matching with the impedance of the wireless transceiver.

An antenna matching device that solves the second problem described above is an antenna matching device in which a high-frequency impedance matching transformer and a pair of variable inductors are cascade-connected between an antenna connection terminal and an antenna of a shortwave radio transceiver.
Each of the variable inductors has a cylindrical coil member in which an insulating conductor is wound around a first insulating material pipe and a cylindrical conductive member in which a conductive thin plate is attached to each second insulating material pipe in a coaxial manner in the casing. In addition, each of the cylindrical conductive members is moved in the axial direction by a common member moving means to make each inductance variable.
The high-frequency impedance matching transformer includes a plurality of transceiver-side intermediate taps and a plurality of antenna-side intermediate taps, and selects the transmitter-receiver-side intermediate tap and the antenna-side intermediate tap according to a frequency to be used. It matches with the impedance of the radio transceiver, and the member moving means includes a remotely controlled geared motor.

A low-cost high-frequency impedance matching transformer constituting an antenna matching device applicable to a frequency that can be used for HF band amateur radio that solves the third problem described above is formed by bundling eight insulated conductors on a toroidal core of ferrite. By using a turn-by-filer winding, and providing 8 connection taps for the transmitter-side and antenna-side windings based on a predetermined conversion rate table, the high-frequency impedance conversion can be performed by appropriately selecting the connection taps. It is what I do.

According to the present invention, a low-cost antenna matching apparatus applicable to frequencies that can be used for amateur radio in the HF band has been provided.
In addition, according to the present invention, a low-cost antenna matching apparatus applicable to frequencies that can be used for amateur radio in the HF band, the resonance frequency and impedance of the antenna can be remotely controlled and adjusted in accordance with the change of the frequency to be transmitted and received. An antenna matching device was provided.
Furthermore, the present invention provides a low-cost high-frequency impedance matching transformer that constitutes an antenna matching device that can be applied to frequencies that can be used for HF band amateur radio.

It is a circuit block diagram of the antenna matching apparatus of one Example of this invention. It is a circuit diagram of one Example of a high frequency impedance matching transformer. It is a perspective view of one Example of the cylindrical coil member which comprises a variable inductor. It is a perspective view of the antenna matching apparatus of one Example of this invention.

A low-cost antenna matching device applicable to frequencies that can be used for HF band amateur radio according to the present invention, a high-frequency impedance matching transformer having a plurality of transmitter-side intermediate taps and a plurality of antenna-side intermediate taps, and a low-cost In addition, it is composed of a variable inductor that does not saturate with a large current. The variable inductor includes a cylindrical coil member, a cylindrical conductive member arranged coaxially with the cylindrical coil member and movably, and member moving means for moving the cylindrical conductive member. More specifically, the variable inductor includes a cylindrical coil member, a cylindrical conductive member that is coaxially inserted and arranged in the cylindrical coil member, and a member moving unit that makes the insertion amount of the cylindrical conductive member variable. And composed.

The antenna matching device of one embodiment of the present invention uses a 7 MHz band antenna element, adds a variable inductor to the feeding portion, resonates at a target frequency, and adjusts the impedance to 50Ω, A V-type dipole antenna covering 21/28/50 MHz (hereinafter referred to as a target V-type dipole antenna) can be used at 3.5 MHz to 3.8 MHz. Note that the V-type dipole antenna covering 7/14/21/28/50 MHz is specifically an antenna called 730V-1A of Create Design. The frequency change to 3.5MHz, 3.6MHz, 3.7MHz, 3.8MHz is done with a variable inductor.

That is, the antenna matching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of transmitter-side intermediate taps and a plurality of antenna-side intermediate taps between the shortwave wireless transmitter / receiver 10 and the antenna 20, as shown in FIGS. The antenna matching device is configured by cascading a high-frequency impedance matching transformer 30 and a pair of variable inductors 40A and 40B. The transmitter-side intermediate tap and the antenna-side intermediate tap are connected in accordance with the frequency used. The matching device is adapted to match the impedance between the antenna 20 and the shortwave radio shortwave radio transceiver 10 by selecting. In FIG. 4, 46A and 46B are connection terminals to the antenna.

(High-frequency impedance matching transformer)
One embodiment of the high-frequency impedance matching transformer 30 used at 3.5 MHz to 3.8 MHz is as shown in the schematic perspective view of FIG. 1 and the circuit diagram of FIG.

In other words, the high-frequency impedance matching transformer 30 of this embodiment has eight insulated conductors 31 bundled on a ferrite toroidal core 32 having an outer diameter of 62.5 mm and an inner diameter of 35.5 mm, and is wound eight times by filer. 8 connection taps of (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8) on the transmitter-side winding based on the conversion rate table (IN side connection tap) and (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (15), (16) on the antenna side winding A connection tap (OUT side connection tap) is provided, and IN side transformer terminals 35 and 36 and OUT side transformer terminals 37 and 38 are further provided. The IN-side transformer terminals 35 and 36 are connected to the pair of antenna connection terminals 11 and 12 of the shortwave radio transceiver 10, and the OUT-side transformer terminals 37 and 38 are connected to the pair of antenna terminals 21 and 22 of the antenna 20. Terminal. The insulated conductor 31 used was a so-called Teflon (registered trademark) line.

In FIG. 2, the IN side transformer terminal 35 is connected to the IN side connection tap (1), and the IN side transformer terminal 36 is connected to the OUT side connection tap (16). The OUT-side transformer terminal 37 is connected to the OUT-side connection tap (12), and the OUT-side transformer terminal 38 is connected to the OUT-side connection tap (16). As will be described below, the IN-side transformer terminal 35 is connected to one connection tap selected from the IN-side connection taps (1) to (8), and the OUT-side transformer terminal 37 is connected to the OUT-side connection tap ( Connected to one connection tap selected from 9) to (15). In other words, the IN side connection taps (1) to (8) and the OUT side connection taps (9) to (15) function as a plurality of transmitter / receiver side intermediate taps and a plurality of antenna side intermediate taps of the high frequency impedance matching transformer 30. Is. The high-frequency impedance matching transformer 30 is wired so that its connection tap can be switched by a relay, and the operator can switch the tap remotely by operating a rotary switch at hand.

The high-frequency impedance matching transformer 30 configured as described above can perform high-frequency impedance conversion in various ratios by appropriately selecting these connection taps. For example, when the other of the pair of antenna terminals is connected to the connection tap (12), 64:16, that is, 4: 1 impedance conversion is performed, as is apparent from the conversion rate table of Table 1. In this connection tap state, if IN and OUT are reversed and a high frequency impedance matching transformer is used, 1: 4 impedance conversion is performed. Further, when the other of the pair of antenna terminals is connected to the connection tap (13), 64: 9, that is, 7: 1 impedance conversion is performed as apparent from the conversion rate table of Table 1. In this connection tap state, if IN and OUT are reversed and a high frequency impedance matching transformer is used, 1: 7 impedance conversion is performed.

Antennas are affected by the environment in which they are installed, and their impedance changes. Therefore, by using the high-frequency impedance matching transformer constituting the present invention, optimum impedance conversion can be performed according to the antenna environment. As can be seen from Table 1 showing how to select the connection tap and the impedance conversion rate, impedance matching can be realized in most cases if the Hertz antenna resonates at the target frequency. In the antenna matching method using LC, the SWR (standing wave) is inevitably about 1.5 at the end of the band, but in the antenna matching method using the high-frequency impedance matching transformer that constitutes the present invention, the SWR has a wide band of 3.5 to 3.8 MHz. Can be within 1.1. In addition, although the resonance point may shift in the antenna matching method using LC, the impedance matching is realized at the resonance point where the reactance component is zero in the antenna matching method using the high frequency impedance matching transformer constituting the present invention. Can be made.

(Variable inductor)
The variable inductor constituting the antenna matching apparatus according to the present invention includes a cylindrical coil member obtained by winding an insulating conductor around a first insulating material pipe, and a cylindrical conductive member obtained by attaching a conductive thin plate to the second insulating material pipe. Are arranged coaxially in the housing, and the inductance is made variable by moving the cylindrical conductive member in the axial direction by means of member moving means. In short, the variable inductor that constitutes the antenna matching device according to the present invention changes inductance by changing the relative positional relationship between the cylindrical coil member and the cylindrical conductive member in the axial direction.

The variable inductor constituting the antenna matching apparatus shown in FIG. 1, that is, the variable inductor 40 (40A, 40B) for changing the frequency to 3.5 MHz, 3.6 MHz, 3.7 MHz, and 3.8 MHz includes a cylindrical coil member 41, a cylinder The conductive member 42, the member moving means 43, and a housing (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 3, the cylindrical coil member 41 includes a first insulating material pipe 412 serving as a bobbin, and a coil 411 wound with 12 formal wires having a diameter of 2 mm. Specifically, the first insulating material pipe 411 is a vinyl chloride pipe having an outer diameter of 48 mm, an inner diameter of 46 mm, and a length of 90 mm. One end of the first insulating material pipe 412 is sealed with an insulating material cap 413 such as a vinyl chloride cap. Reference numerals 415 and 416 denote winding terminals of the coil 411.

As shown in FIG. 3, the pair of cylindrical coil members 41 </ b> A and 41 </ b> B are fixed to a top plate of a housing (not shown) at a predetermined distance. The cylindrical coil members 41 </ b> A and 41 </ b> B are fixed to the top plate of the casing by using an insulating material cap 413 such as a vinyl chloride cap that seals one end of the first insulating material pipe 412. For example, it is performed by fixing with screws.

The cylindrical conductive member 42 is configured by attaching a thin copper plate having a thickness of 0.1 mm to the entire outer surface of a second insulating material pipe such as a pipe having an outer diameter of 42 mm, an inner diameter of 30 mm, and a length of 90 mm. One end of the second insulating material pipe is sealed with an insulating material cap such as a vinyl chloride cap.

As shown in FIG. 3, the pair of cylindrical conductive members 42A and 42B are located coaxially in the corresponding pair of cylindrical coil members 41A and 41B, and are separated from the insulating material support plate 431 by a predetermined distance. It is fixed. The cylindrical conductive members 42A and 42B are fixed to the insulating material support plate 431 by, for example, fixing the insulating material cap sealing the one end of the second insulating material pipe to the insulating material support plate 431 with screws. Is done by doing. At the center of the insulating material support plate 431, one end of a moving amount adjusting cylindrical member 432 having an internal thread formed on the inner peripheral surface is fixed. One end of the movement amount adjusting column member 433 formed with a male screw threadably engaged with the female screw of the movement amount adjusting cylindrical member 432 is fixed to the rotating shaft of the geared motor 434.

The insulating material support plate 431, the movement amount adjusting cylindrical member 432, the movement amount adjusting column member 433, and the geared motor 434 constitute the member moving means 43. The member moving means 43 moves the pair of cylindrical conductive members 42A and 42B simultaneously, and is therefore shared by the pair of variable inductors 4A and 4B.

  As described above, one embodiment of the variable inductor 40 constituting the present invention is the cylindrical coil member 41, the cylindrical conductive member 42 inserted and arranged coaxially in the cylindrical coil member 41, and the cylindrical conductive member. It is comprised by the member moving means 43 which makes the insertion amount of 42 variable, and the housing | casing which is not shown in figure. The cylindrical coil member 41 is composed of a coil 411 in which a formal wire having a diameter of 2 mm is wound around a first insulating material pipe 412, and the cylindrical conductive member 42 is an entire surface of the second insulating material pipe. A thin copper plate is affixed to.

When the cylindrical conductive member 42 is inserted deeply into the cylindrical coil member 41, the inductance is smaller than that of the cylindrical coil member alone. Conversely, when the cylindrical conductive member 42 is inserted shallowly into the cylindrical coil member 41, the inductance shows a value close to the inductance of the cylindrical coil member 41 alone. This is because the electrostatic or electromagnetic positional relationship between the cylindrical coil member 41 and the thin copper plate attached to the entire surface of the cylindrical conductive member 42 changes. Even if high power is supplied to the cylindrical coil member 41, the cylindrical conductive member 42 is not saturated because it is a magnetic core. Therefore, the variable inductor 40 constituting the present invention has a feature that it can be used with high power. The cylindrical conductive member 42 can also be configured by attaching an aluminum foil to the entire surface of the second insulating material pipe instead of a thin copper plate.

(Remote control of geared motor)
The geared motor 434 is remotely controlled by a control unit (not shown). The antenna matching device according to the present invention is disposed in the vicinity of an antenna 20 installed at a location distant from the shortwave radio transceiver 10. For this reason, the operator needs to remotely change the inductance values of the variable inductors 40A and 40B of the antenna matching device from the transceiver side. Therefore, a control unit is disposed in the vicinity of the shortwave radio transceiver 10, and the variable inductors 40A and 40B are remotely controlled by this control unit. More specifically, a rotary switch is provided in the control unit, and this rotary switch is used at 3.5 MHz to 3.8 MHz at the position 1, and 7.0 MHz to 7.06 MHz at the position 2 and used at 14 MHz, 21 MHz, 28 MHz, 50 MHz, The position 3 is used from 7.06 MHz to 7.1 MHz, and the position 4 is used from 7.1 MHz to 7.2 MHz. This rotary switch drives the relay to control the motor operation switch. This motor operation switch operates the geared motor 434 so that the intermediate point stops, rotates forward when tilted to the right, and rotates reverse when tilted to the left.

(Adjustment of antenna matching)
In FIG. 1, the high-frequency impedance matching transformer 30 is removed so that power can be supplied to the antenna 20 from the short-wave radio transceiver 10 via the variable inductors 40A and 40B. First, the antenna analyzer is set to an intermediate point of 3.65 MHz between 3.5 MHz and 3.8 MHz, and the geared motor 434 is remotely controlled from the above-described control unit to find a resonance point, that is, a place where the reactance component becomes zero. In general, a resonance point is found at the intermediate point between the cylindrical coil members 41A and 41B where the cylindrical conductive members 42A and 42B are inserted. In this state, the high-frequency impedance matching transformer 30 is connected as shown in FIG. 1, and the best point of the SWR is found while switching the connection tap. The best point is obtained with a tap of about 4: 1. Check by changing the tap position according to the environment around the antenna (land height, close to the house, wire in the sky, etc.). Next, in order to confirm the situation at the band edge, the frequency of the antenna analyzer is set to 3.5 MHz, the geared motor 434 is operated to change the insertion positions of the cylindrical conductive members 42A and 42B, and the SWR becomes about 1.1. Make sure. Finally, the frequency of the antenna analyzer is set to 3.8 MHz, and the geared motor 434 is operated to change the insertion positions of the cylindrical conductive members 42A and 42B, thereby confirming that the SWR is within about 1.1.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Shortwave radio | wireless transmitter / receiver 11, 12 Antenna connection terminal 20 Antenna 21, 22 Antenna terminal 30 High frequency impedance matching transformer 31 Coil 32 Toroidal core 35, 36 IN side connection terminal 37, 38 OUT side connection terminal 40, 40A, 40B Variable inductor 41 , 41A, 41B Cylindrical coil member 411 Winding 412 Insulating material pipe 413 Insulating material cap 415, 416 Winding terminal 42A, 42B Cylindrical conductive member 43 Member moving means 431 Insulating material support plate 432 Moving amount adjusting cylindrical member 433 Moving Cylindrical member for quantity adjustment 434 Geared motor 46A, 46B Connection terminal to antenna

Claims (8)

In an antenna matching device in which a high-frequency impedance matching transformer and a variable inductor are cascade-connected between an antenna connection terminal of a short wave radio transceiver and an antenna,
The variable inductor has a cylindrical coil member in which an insulating conductor is wound around a first insulating pipe and a cylindrical conductive member in which a conductive thin plate is attached to a second insulating pipe and is coaxially arranged in the housing. Inductance is variable by moving the cylindrical conductive member in the axial direction by member moving means, and
The high-frequency impedance matching transformer includes a plurality of transceiver-side intermediate taps and a plurality of antenna-side intermediate taps, and selects the transmitter-receiver-side intermediate tap and the antenna-side intermediate tap according to a frequency to be used. An antenna matching device characterized by matching with the impedance of a radio transceiver. In an antenna matching device in which a high-frequency impedance matching transformer and a pair of variable inductors are cascade-connected between an antenna connection terminal of a short wave radio transceiver and an antenna,
Each of the variable inductors has a cylindrical coil member in which an insulating conductor is wound around a first insulating material pipe and a cylindrical conductive member in which a conductive thin plate is attached to each second insulating material pipe in a coaxial manner in the casing. In addition, each of the cylindrical conductive members is moved in the axial direction by a common member moving means to make each inductance variable.
The high-frequency impedance matching transformer includes a plurality of transceiver-side intermediate taps and a plurality of antenna-side intermediate taps, and selects the transmitter-receiver-side intermediate tap and the antenna-side intermediate tap according to a frequency to be used. An antenna matching apparatus characterized by matching with impedance of a wireless transceiver, and the member moving means including remote control means. In the high frequency impedance matching transformer, eight insulated conductors are bundled on a toroidal core of ferrite to form a bifilar winding 8 times, and 8 turns on each of the transmitter side winding and the antenna side winding based on a predetermined conversion rate table. The antenna matching device according to claim 1, wherein high frequency impedance conversion is performed by providing a plurality of connection taps and selecting the connection taps as appropriate. The variable inductor includes a cylindrical coil member in which an insulating copper wire is wound around a first insulating material pipe having one end fixed in a casing, and a cylindrical conductive material in which a conductive thin plate is attached to the second insulating material pipe. 2. A member comprising: a cylindrical conductive member inserted coaxially into the cylindrical coil member; and member moving means for moving the cylindrical conductive member in an axial direction. 3. The antenna matching device according to 1 or 2. 5. The antenna matching device according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical conductive member has a thin copper plate attached to the entire surface of the second insulating material pipe. 5. The antenna matching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical conductive member is obtained by attaching an aluminum foil to the entire surface of the second insulating material pipe.   5. The antenna matching device according to claim 1, wherein the member moving means includes a geared motor. The antenna matching apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the geared motor is remotely controlled.

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