JP2011060614A - Battery pack - Google Patents

Battery pack Download PDF

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JP2011060614A
JP2011060614A JP2009209857A JP2009209857A JP2011060614A JP 2011060614 A JP2011060614 A JP 2011060614A JP 2009209857 A JP2009209857 A JP 2009209857A JP 2009209857 A JP2009209857 A JP 2009209857A JP 2011060614 A JP2011060614 A JP 2011060614A
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battery
circuit breaker
unit
voltage
control unit
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JP5493616B2 (en
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Osamu Ushijima
修 牛嶌
Takuji Uchibori
卓治 内堀
Daisuke Konishi
大助 小西
Takayuki Shiraishi
剛之 白石
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GS Yuasa Corp
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GS Yuasa Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce power consumption inside a case of controlling opening/closing of a circuit breaker provided in a battery pack, as much as possible. <P>SOLUTION: The battery pack includes a buttery unit BU, consisting of a single secondary battery or a plurality of secondary batteries mutually connected; the circuit breaker 4 which is connected to the battery unit BU in series to turn on/off electricity; a voltage detection unit 20 for detecting battery voltage of the battery unit BU; and a circuit breaker control unit 30 for controlling opening/closing of the circuit breaker 4. In the battery pack, a power supply route for actuating the circuit breaker control unit 30 is provided between the battery unit BU and the circuit breaker control unit 30, and a switch device 40 for turning on/off power supply to the circuit breaker controlling unit 30 is provided on the power supply route, and the voltage detection unit 20 is always connected to the battery unit BU, and further, the switch device 40 is switched from an opening condition to a closing condition, based on the detection result of the battery voltage detected by the voltage detection unit 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、1個の二次電池又は互いに接続された複数個の二次電池で構成された電池部と、前記電池部と直列に接続されて通電を入り切りする遮断器と、前記電池部の電池電圧を検出する電圧検出部と、前記遮断器を開閉制御する遮断器制御部とを備えた電池パックに関する。   The present invention provides a battery unit composed of one secondary battery or a plurality of secondary batteries connected to each other, a circuit breaker connected in series with the battery unit to turn on and off, and the battery unit. The present invention relates to a battery pack including a voltage detection unit that detects a battery voltage and a circuit breaker control unit that controls opening and closing of the circuit breaker.

かかる電池パックは、1個の二次電池又は互いに接続された複数個の二次電池に、電池の監視機能を備えたものである。
このような電池パックでは、電池電圧の異常等を検知したときに、電池パックに電力を供給する充電器に対して充電の禁止を指示する信号を送り、二次電池の過充電を防止することがよく行われている。
In such a battery pack, one secondary battery or a plurality of secondary batteries connected to each other are provided with a battery monitoring function.
In such a battery pack, when an abnormality in the battery voltage is detected, a signal instructing prohibition of charging is sent to a charger that supplies power to the battery pack to prevent overcharge of the secondary battery. Is well done.

しかしながら、電池パックを充電する際には、電池パック側からの充電禁止信号に対応した正規の充電器が必ず使用されるという保証はなく、電池パック側からの充電禁止信号を受け取れるような構成になっていない充電器で充電すると、二次電池への充電が継続されて二次電池が過充電状態になる畏れがある。
又、上記充電禁止信号に対応した正規の充電器が使用されていても、その充電器に不具合が発生して、電池パックから受け取った充電禁止信号に対して適切な対応をとれない場合は、二次電池が過充電状態になる畏れがある。
However, when charging the battery pack, there is no guarantee that a proper charger corresponding to the charge prohibition signal from the battery pack side will always be used, so that the charge prohibition signal from the battery pack side can be received. If it is charged with an uncharged charger, the secondary battery may continue to be charged and the secondary battery may be overcharged.
In addition, even if a regular charger corresponding to the above charge prohibition signal is used, if the charger has a problem and cannot properly respond to the charge prohibition signal received from the battery pack, The secondary battery may become overcharged.

このような過充電を防止するものとして、下記特許文献1に記載のように、電池パック内に、電池への充電あるいは電池からの放電を阻止するための遮断手段を備えて、電池が何らかの異常状態となったときに、その遮断手段を閉状態から開状態へと切換える制御を行うものがある。   In order to prevent such overcharge, as described in Patent Document 1 below, the battery pack is provided with a blocking means for preventing charging to the battery or discharging from the battery, and the battery has some abnormality. Some devices perform control to switch the blocking means from the closed state to the open state when the state is reached.

特開平6−141479号公報JP-A-6-141479

上記従来構成のような遮断手段を備える構成では、電池パックに対する制御機能を有しない非正規の充電器によって充電されてしまう可能性も考慮すると、電池パック内に上記遮断手段として遮断器、電池電圧の監視装置、および前記電池電圧の監視装置の検出結果に基づいて遮断器を開閉制御する制御装置を配置して、その遮断手段を常時作動させておく必要がある。
すなわち、正規の充電器から電池パック内の遮断手段の起動及び停止を制御するように構成すると、電池パック内の遮断手段は、正規の充電器が接続されて、動作する必要のあるときのみ動作するのであるが、これでは、電池パックの遮断手段が停止している状態で非正規の充電器で充電が開始されたときに遮断手段が起動せず、二次電池の保護のための遮断手段が全く機能しまいまま充電されてしまうことになる。このような事態を回避するためには、遮断手段を常時作動させておく必要があるのである。
しかしながら、充電器が接続されていない状態でも遮断手段、すなわち、電池電圧の監視装置および遮断器を開閉制御する制御装置を常時作動させておく場合、作動させておく電力は電池パック内の二次電池から供給されるものであり、電池パックを長期間保管する場合等においては電池の負荷となって電池を過放電状態としてしまう畏れがある。又、充電器が接続された状態であっても、二次電池への充電電力を確保するためには、消費電力の低減が求められている。
本発明は、かかる事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は、電池パック内に遮断器を備えてその遮断器を開閉制御する場合における消費電力を可及的に低減するものである。
In the configuration including the blocking means as in the conventional configuration, considering the possibility of being charged by an unauthorized charger that does not have a control function for the battery pack, the circuit breaker, the battery voltage as the blocking means in the battery pack And a control device for controlling opening / closing of the circuit breaker on the basis of the detection result of the battery voltage monitoring device, and the circuit breaker must be operated at all times.
That is, if it is configured to control the start and stop of the shut-off means in the battery pack from the regular charger, the shut-off means in the battery pack operates only when the regular charger is connected and needs to operate. However, in this case, when the battery pack shut-off means is stopped, the shut-off means does not start when charging is started with an unauthorized charger, and the shut-off means for protecting the secondary battery Will be charged without functioning at all. In order to avoid such a situation, it is necessary to always operate the blocking means.
However, when the interruption means, that is, the battery voltage monitoring device and the control device for controlling opening / closing of the circuit breaker are always operated even when the charger is not connected, the power to be operated is the secondary power in the battery pack. When the battery pack is supplied from the battery and stored for a long period of time, the battery may be overloaded and the battery may be overdischarged. Further, even in a state where the charger is connected, reduction of power consumption is required in order to secure charging power for the secondary battery.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to reduce power consumption as much as possible when a circuit breaker is provided in a battery pack and the circuit breaker is controlled to open and close. .

本出願の第1の発明は、1個の二次電池又は互いに接続された複数個の二次電池で構成された電池部と、前記電池部と直列に接続されて通電を入り切りする遮断器と、前記電池部の電池電圧を検出する電圧検出部と、前記遮断器を開閉制御する遮断器制御部とを備えた電池パックにおいて、
前記電池部と前記遮断器制御部との間には前記遮断器制御部を作動させるための電力供給経路が設けられ、前記電力供給経路には前記遮断器制御部への電力供給を入り切りするスイッチ装置が備えられ、前記電圧検出部は前記電池部と常時接続されていると共に、前記電圧検出部で検出された前記電池電圧の検出結果に基づいて前記スイッチ装置を開状態から閉状態へ切り替えるように構成されている。ここで、「前記電池部と直列に接続された遮断器」は、電池部が複数個であって、電池部と他の電池部との間に直列に遮断器が備えられることも含む。
The first invention of the present application is a battery unit composed of one secondary battery or a plurality of secondary batteries connected to each other, and a circuit breaker connected in series with the battery unit to turn on and off the current. In the battery pack comprising: a voltage detection unit that detects a battery voltage of the battery unit; and a circuit breaker control unit that controls opening and closing of the circuit breaker.
A power supply path for operating the circuit breaker control unit is provided between the battery unit and the circuit breaker control unit, and the power supply path is a switch for turning on and off the power supply to the circuit breaker control unit. And the voltage detector is always connected to the battery unit and switches the switch device from the open state to the closed state based on the detection result of the battery voltage detected by the voltage detector. It is configured. Here, "the circuit breaker connected in series with the battery part" includes a plurality of battery parts and a circuit breaker provided in series between the battery part and another battery part.

すなわち、前記電池部と直列に接続されている遮断器の開閉に係わる電圧検出部及び遮断器制御部について、電池パック内の二次電池からの電力を受けて常時通電しているのは、電圧検出部のみであり、例えば電池電圧が所定電圧を超えたような場合に電圧検出部が前記スイッチ装置を閉状態として遮断器制御部に電力が供給されるようにする。
これによって、遮断器制御部は電圧検出部の検知電圧に基づいて遮断器を開き操作して電池部へ充電器から充電電流が流れないようにして、二次電池が過充電状態になるのを防止する。
電圧検出部は充電器からの信号に依らず、電池電圧等を常時監視しているので、正規の充電器が使用されない場合や正規の充電器であっても不具合が発生した場合等においても、前記電圧検出部の検出結果に基づいて前記スイッチ装置を閉状態とすることができる。
That is, the voltage detection unit and the circuit breaker control unit related to the opening / closing of the circuit breaker connected in series with the battery unit receive power from the secondary battery in the battery pack and are always energized. For example, when the battery voltage exceeds a predetermined voltage, the voltage detection unit closes the switch device so that electric power is supplied to the circuit breaker control unit.
As a result, the circuit breaker control unit opens the circuit breaker based on the detection voltage of the voltage detection unit so that the charging current does not flow from the charger to the battery unit, and the secondary battery is overcharged. To prevent.
Since the voltage detector constantly monitors the battery voltage etc. regardless of the signal from the charger, even when a regular charger is not used or a malfunction occurs even with a regular charger, The switch device can be closed based on the detection result of the voltage detector.

又、本出願の第2の発明は、上記第1の発明の構成に加えて、前記遮断器は、ノーマリークローズ型遮断器で構成されている。ここで、ノーマリークローズ型遮断器とは、常時は閉状態であり、外部からの制御信号によって開状態となる遮断器である。
すなわち、電池パックを非常用電源(バックアップ電源)として使用する場合、緊急に電力を供給することが要求されるので、確実に電力を供給することが最優先の事項となる。
もしノーマリーオープン型の遮断器を用いた場合、遮断器を閉状態に制御する制御系に故障が発生する可能性があり、確実に電力を供給できない場合もあり得る。そこで、何らかのトラブルが発生しても確実に電力を外部に供給できるという観点から、ノーマリークローズ型の遮断器を用いることが好ましい。
遮断器をノーマリークローズ型とすることは、電池パックの外部配線用の接続端子と電池パック内の電池部が常時接続されていることを意味しており、正規の充電器を用いなくても、単に電圧を印加するだけで電池部の充電ができてしまう。このような場合においても、電池パック内の電圧検出部の検出結果に基づいて遮断器を閉状態から開状態へ切換え操作することで、電池部の二次電池が過充電状態になることを的確に防止することができる。
According to a second invention of the present application, in addition to the configuration of the first invention, the circuit breaker is a normally closed circuit breaker. Here, a normally closed circuit breaker is a circuit breaker that is normally closed and opened by a control signal from the outside.
That is, when the battery pack is used as an emergency power supply (backup power supply), it is required to supply power urgently, and therefore, the power supply is a top priority.
If a normally open circuit breaker is used, a failure may occur in the control system that controls the circuit breaker to a closed state, and power may not be reliably supplied. Therefore, it is preferable to use a normally closed circuit breaker from the viewpoint that power can be reliably supplied to the outside even if some trouble occurs.
A normally closed circuit breaker means that the connection terminal for the external wiring of the battery pack and the battery part in the battery pack are always connected, without using a regular charger. The battery part can be charged simply by applying a voltage. Even in such a case, switching the circuit breaker from the closed state to the open state based on the detection result of the voltage detection unit in the battery pack ensures that the secondary battery in the battery unit is overcharged. Can be prevented.

上記第1の発明によれば、電池パック内の電圧検出部のみに電池部から電力が供給されて電池電圧を監視しており、遮断器制御部への電池部からの電力供給は、電圧検出部の検出結果に基づいておこなわれるので、遮断手段に係る消費電力を可及的に低減することができる。その結果、電池パックを長期間保管したような場合でも二次電池の過放電を防止することができる。   According to the first aspect of the invention, only the voltage detection unit in the battery pack is supplied with power from the battery unit to monitor the battery voltage, and the power supply from the battery unit to the circuit breaker control unit is a voltage detection. Since this is performed based on the detection result of the part, the power consumption related to the blocking means can be reduced as much as possible. As a result, overdischarge of the secondary battery can be prevented even when the battery pack is stored for a long period of time.

又、上記第2の発明によれば、前記遮断器をノーマリークローズ型とすることで、電池パックを非常用電源として使用する場合に確実に外部に電力を供給することができる。   According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the circuit breaker is of a normally closed type, power can be reliably supplied to the outside when the battery pack is used as an emergency power source.

本発明の実施の形態にかかる回路図The circuit diagram concerning an embodiment of the invention 本発明の実施の形態にかかる斜視図The perspective view concerning embodiment of this invention 本発明の実施の形態にかかるブロック構成図The block block diagram concerning embodiment of this invention

以下、本発明の電池パックの実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。
〔電池パックの全体構成〕
本実施の形態の電池パックBPは、図3に概略的に示すように、電池パックBPの筐体1内に、複数個の二次電池2と、各二次電池2の動作状態の監視のための制御回路3と、制御回路3の制御下で動作する遮断器4とが備えられ、筐体1の壁面には、二次電池2に対する充放電のための配線用部品である主コネクタ5と、外部から制御回路3への信号の授受を行うための配線用部品である補助コネクタ6とが取り付けられている。
Embodiments of a battery pack according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[Battery pack overall configuration]
As schematically shown in FIG. 3, the battery pack BP of the present embodiment includes a plurality of secondary batteries 2 and monitoring of the operation state of each secondary battery 2 in the casing 1 of the battery pack BP. And a circuit breaker 4 that operates under the control of the control circuit 3. A main connector 5, which is a wiring component for charging and discharging the secondary battery 2, is provided on the wall surface of the housing 1. And an auxiliary connector 6 which is a wiring component for transmitting and receiving signals to the control circuit 3 from the outside.

本実施の形態では、例えばリチウムイオン電池にて構成される二次電池2が10個備えられ、これらの二次電池2が直列に接続されていわゆる組電池となる電池部BUを構成している。
電池パックBPを、筐体1を透視した状態の斜視図で示す図2のように、各二次電池2は、扁平の直方体形状を有し、隣接する二次電池2の正極と負極とをバスバーと称される板状金属の配線部材7にて一連なりに連結して各二次電池2を直列接続している。
直列接続されている二次電池2の最も高電位側の二次電池2の正極と、最も低電位側の二次電池2の負極とは、電池部BUに対する充電又は放電のための配線用の一対の電極となっている。
最も低電位側の二次電池2(図2において最も手前側に位置する二次電池2)の負極(すなわち電池部BUの負極)は、略L字形状に形成された金属製の板状配線部材8と略L字形状に屈曲形成された電線9とを経て主コネクタ5の一方の端子に接続されている。
In the present embodiment, for example, ten secondary batteries 2 composed of lithium ion batteries are provided, and these secondary batteries 2 are connected in series to form a battery unit BU that is a so-called assembled battery. .
As shown in FIG. 2, which is a perspective view of the battery pack BP seen through the housing 1, each secondary battery 2 has a flat rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the adjacent secondary battery 2 are connected to each other. The secondary batteries 2 are connected in series by being connected in series by a plate-like metal wiring member 7 called a bus bar.
The positive electrode of the secondary battery 2 on the highest potential side of the secondary battery 2 connected in series and the negative electrode of the secondary battery 2 on the lowest potential side are for wiring for charging or discharging the battery unit BU. It is a pair of electrodes.
The negative electrode (that is, the negative electrode of the battery unit BU) of the secondary battery 2 on the lowest potential side (secondary battery 2 positioned closest to the front in FIG. 2) is a metal plate-like wiring formed in a substantially L shape. It is connected to one terminal of the main connector 5 through the member 8 and an electric wire 9 bent in a substantially L shape.

遮断器4は、電池部BUにおける上記配線用の一対の電極のうちの正極側の電極と主コネクタ5とを結ぶ配線の途中に配置されており、電池部BUの最も高電位側の二次電池2(図2において奥側の列の左端に位置する二次電池2)の正極(すなわち電池部BUの正極)が、略L字状に形成された金属製の板状配線部材10を経て遮断器4の主接点の一方に接続されている。更に、遮断器4の主接点の他方の接点は、主コネクタ5における電池部BUの負極が接続されているものとは別の端子に電線11にて電気的に接続されている。   The circuit breaker 4 is disposed in the middle of the wiring connecting the positive electrode of the pair of electrodes for wiring in the battery unit BU and the main connector 5, and is the secondary on the highest potential side of the battery unit BU. The positive electrode (that is, the positive electrode of the battery unit BU) of the battery 2 (the secondary battery 2 positioned at the left end of the rear row in FIG. 2) passes through a metal plate-like wiring member 10 formed in a substantially L shape. It is connected to one of the main contacts of the circuit breaker 4. Furthermore, the other contact of the main contact of the circuit breaker 4 is electrically connected by a wire 11 to a terminal different from that connected to the negative electrode of the battery unit BU in the main connector 5.

このように電池部BUの配線用の一対の電極と直列に接続された遮断器4は、電池部BUと主コネクタとの間の配線の通電を入り切りする。
この遮断器4としては、具体的にはコンタクタと称される大電流の開閉に対応したものを使用しており、本実施の形態では、ノーマリークローズ型、すなわち、制御信号が加えられていない状態で接点が閉状態となって、通電を入り状態(通電を許容する状態)とするタイプのものを使用している。
尚、遮断器4には、電池部BUと主コネクタとの間の配線の通電を入り切りする主接点の他に、その主接点の開閉と機械的に連動する副接点が備えられており、主接点の開閉状態を切換えたときに、副接点側で正常に開閉が切換えられているか否かを確認する回路を備えて、主接点が溶着等によって正常に動作しなくなった状態を検出できるようにしても良い。
Thus, the circuit breaker 4 connected in series with the pair of electrodes for wiring of the battery unit BU turns on and off the energization of the wiring between the battery unit BU and the main connector.
As this circuit breaker 4, specifically, a contactor that corresponds to the switching of a large current called a contactor is used. In this embodiment, a normally closed type, that is, no control signal is applied. In this state, the contact is closed, and a type that is energized (a state in which energization is allowed) is used.
The circuit breaker 4 is provided with a sub-contact that is mechanically interlocked with the opening and closing of the main contact, in addition to the main contact for turning on and off the wiring between the battery unit BU and the main connector. When switching the contact open / close state, a circuit is provided to check whether the open / close is normally switched on the sub-contact side so that the main contact can no longer operate normally due to welding, etc. May be.

制御回路3は、図2に示す回路基板3a上に実装されている。
尚、図2においては、図面を見易くするために、上記の二次電池2間の配線等と回路基板3aとを結ぶ配線、及び、回路基板3aと補助コネクタ6とを結ぶ配線の記載を省略している。
The control circuit 3 is mounted on the circuit board 3a shown in FIG.
In FIG. 2, in order to make the drawing easy to see, description of wirings connecting the wirings between the secondary batteries 2 and the circuit board 3 a and wirings connecting the circuit board 3 a and the auxiliary connector 6 is omitted. is doing.

〔制御回路3の構成〕
次ぎに制御回路3について説明する。
制御回路3は、図1の回路図に示すように、電池部BUの各二次電池2の電池電圧を検出する電圧検出部20と、電圧検出部20の検出情報に基づいて遮断器4を開閉制御する遮断器制御部30と、電池部BUの電極(ここでは正極)から遮断器制御部30へ動作用電力を供給する配線に配置されて遮断器制御部30への電力供給を入り切りするスイッチ装置40とが備えられている。
[Configuration of Control Circuit 3]
Next, the control circuit 3 will be described.
As shown in the circuit diagram of FIG. 1, the control circuit 3 includes a voltage detection unit 20 that detects the battery voltage of each secondary battery 2 of the battery unit BU, and a circuit breaker 4 based on detection information of the voltage detection unit 20. The circuit breaker control unit 30 that controls opening and closing and the wiring that supplies the operation power from the electrode (here, positive electrode) of the battery unit BU to the circuit breaker control unit 30 are turned on and off to supply power to the circuit breaker control unit 30 A switch device 40 is provided.

電圧検出部20は、図1の回路図からもわかるように、電池部BUを構成する各二次電池2毎にその二次電池2の電池電圧を監視しており、各二次電池2毎に同一構成の監視回路を備えている。
電圧検出部20における各二次電池2に対応する回路部分は、抵抗21a,21bとコンパレータ22とを主要部として構成され、コンパレータ22の出力信号をFET23a,23b等にて後段に伝達している。
抵抗21a,21b及びコンパレータ22等は各二次電池2の正極と負極とから引き出された配線に接続され、電池部BUに常時接続されて動作用電力の供給を受けている。
又、FET23a,23b等の図1の回路で使用されているFETは、スイッチ装置40も含めて、全てMOSFETが用いられ、「OFF」時に流れる電流は極めて微少で、無視できる程度である。
As can be seen from the circuit diagram of FIG. 1, the voltage detection unit 20 monitors the battery voltage of the secondary battery 2 for each secondary battery 2 constituting the battery unit BU. Are provided with a monitoring circuit having the same configuration.
The circuit portion corresponding to each secondary battery 2 in the voltage detection unit 20 is configured with resistors 21a and 21b and a comparator 22 as main parts, and the output signal of the comparator 22 is transmitted to subsequent stages through FETs 23a and 23b and the like. .
The resistors 21a and 21b, the comparator 22 and the like are connected to wiring drawn from the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each secondary battery 2, and are always connected to the battery unit BU and supplied with operating power.
Also, the FETs used in the circuit of FIG. 1 such as the FETs 23a and 23b, including the switch device 40, are all MOSFETs, and the current that flows when “OFF” is extremely small and negligible.

この抵抗21a,21b及びコンパレータ22等にて構成される回路は、二次電池2の電池電圧が設定電圧を超えたか否かを監視しており、前記設定電圧を超えたか否かの2状態で電池電圧を検出出力していることになる。この電池電圧の監視回路の出力は、遮断器制御部30に向けて出力されると共に、上記スイッチ装置40の開閉制御にも利用されている。本実施の形態では、前記設定電圧を4.5Vに設定しており、二次電池2の電池電圧が4.5Vを超えるとコンパレータは「H」レベルの信号を出力する。換言すると、そのような動作をするように抵抗21a,21bによる分圧比、及び、コンパレータ22の比較用の基準電圧が設定されている。   The circuit constituted by the resistors 21a and 21b, the comparator 22 and the like monitors whether or not the battery voltage of the secondary battery 2 has exceeded a set voltage, and in two states whether or not the set voltage has been exceeded. The battery voltage is detected and output. The output of the battery voltage monitoring circuit is output to the circuit breaker control unit 30 and also used for opening / closing control of the switch device 40. In the present embodiment, the set voltage is set to 4.5V, and when the battery voltage of the secondary battery 2 exceeds 4.5V, the comparator outputs an “H” level signal. In other words, the voltage dividing ratio by the resistors 21a and 21b and the reference voltage for comparison of the comparator 22 are set so as to perform such an operation.

具体的な動作としては、二次電池2の電池電圧が前記設定電圧より小さいときは、FET23a,23b等の各FET、及び、スイッチ装置40は何れも「OFF」状態(すなわち「開状態」)となっている。
電池パックBPに充電器(図示を省略)が接続され、二次電池2の電池電圧が上昇し、前記設定電圧を超えると、コンパレータ22は「H」レベルの電圧を出力する。
コンパレータ22が「H」レベルの電圧を出力すると、抵抗21cの両端に生じた電圧によってFET23aが「ON」して、それに伴って抵抗21dの両端に生じた電圧によってFET23bが「ON」する。FET23bが「ON」すると、抵抗21eの両端電圧が上昇する。抵抗21eの両端電圧が上昇するとFET23cが「ON」し、それに伴って抵抗21fの両端電圧が上昇すると、MOSFETにて構成される上記スイッチ装置40が「ON」する。すなわち、スイッチ装置40が開状態から閉状態へ切換えられる。
Specifically, when the battery voltage of the secondary battery 2 is smaller than the set voltage, each FET such as the FETs 23a and 23b and the switch device 40 are both in the “OFF” state (ie, “open state”). It has become.
When a battery charger (not shown) is connected to the battery pack BP and the battery voltage of the secondary battery 2 rises and exceeds the set voltage, the comparator 22 outputs an “H” level voltage.
When the comparator 22 outputs an “H” level voltage, the FET 23a is turned “ON” by the voltage generated at both ends of the resistor 21c, and the FET 23b is “ON” by the voltage generated at both ends of the resistor 21d. When the FET 23b is “ON”, the voltage across the resistor 21e increases. When the voltage across the resistor 21e rises, the FET 23c is turned "ON". When the voltage across the resistor 21f rises accordingly, the switch device 40 composed of a MOSFET is turned "ON". That is, the switch device 40 is switched from the open state to the closed state.

電池部BUと遮断器制御部30との間において、電池部BUにおける電極(本実施の形態では電池部BUの正極)から、DC/DCコンバータ50を経て、遮断器制御部30へ至る経路は、遮断器制御部30を作動させるための電力供給経路の一部を構成しており、その電力供給経路にスイッチ装置40が備えられている。スイッチ装置40が「ON」することによって、DC/DCコンバータ50への電力供給が開始し、DC/DCコンバータ50にて所定電圧に変換されて遮断器制御部30へ動作用電力として供給される。   Between the battery unit BU and the circuit breaker control unit 30, the path from the electrode in the battery unit BU (in this embodiment, the positive electrode of the battery unit BU) to the circuit breaker control unit 30 via the DC / DC converter 50 is A part of a power supply path for operating the circuit breaker control unit 30 is configured, and a switch device 40 is provided in the power supply path. When the switch device 40 is turned “ON”, power supply to the DC / DC converter 50 is started, converted into a predetermined voltage by the DC / DC converter 50, and supplied to the breaker control unit 30 as operating power. .

一方、抵抗21eの両端電圧が上昇することで、FET23dも「ON」となり、上記のようにして起動した遮断器制御部30に対して、二次電池2の電池電圧が前記設定電圧を超えたことを示す「L」レベルの信号として入力する。   On the other hand, when the voltage across the resistor 21e rises, the FET 23d is also "ON", and the battery voltage of the secondary battery 2 exceeds the set voltage with respect to the circuit breaker control unit 30 activated as described above. It is input as an “L” level signal indicating that

以上説明した回路構成は、全ての二次電池2に対して同一の回路構成で備えられており、何れか1つでも、二次電池2の電池電圧が前記設定電圧を超えると、遮断器制御部30へ動作用電力の供給が開始されて、遮断器制御部30が起動する。
又、各二次電池2に対応するFET23dのドレイン側出力は、全て、遮断器制御部30の入力段のNANDゲートへ入力され、遮断器制御部30は、二次電池2の何れか1つでも、コンパレータ22への入力電圧が上記基準電圧を超えると、電池部BUの二次電池2に過電圧がかかっていると一律に判断する。
The circuit configuration described above is provided in the same circuit configuration for all the secondary batteries 2, and when any one of the secondary batteries 2 exceeds the set voltage, the circuit breaker control is performed. The operation power supply to the unit 30 is started, and the circuit breaker control unit 30 is activated.
Further, the drain side output of the FET 23d corresponding to each secondary battery 2 is all input to the NAND gate of the input stage of the circuit breaker control unit 30, and the circuit breaker control unit 30 is one of the secondary batteries 2. However, when the input voltage to the comparator 22 exceeds the reference voltage, it is uniformly determined that an overvoltage is applied to the secondary battery 2 of the battery unit BU.

何れかの二次電池2の電池電圧が前記設定電圧を超えて起動した遮断器制御部30は、各二次電池2に対応するFET23dのドレイン側出力の何れかが「L」レベルとなっていることを検知すると、遮断器4のコイルに通電して、遮断器4を閉状態から開状態へと切換える。これによって、主コネクタ5から電池部BUに印加されている電圧を遮断して、電池部BUの二次電池2を過電圧から保護できる。   The circuit breaker control unit 30 activated when the battery voltage of any of the secondary batteries 2 exceeds the set voltage, any of the drain side outputs of the FETs 23d corresponding to the respective secondary batteries 2 is at the “L” level. When it is detected, the coil of the circuit breaker 4 is energized to switch the circuit breaker 4 from the closed state to the open state. Thereby, the voltage applied to the battery unit BU from the main connector 5 can be cut off, and the secondary battery 2 of the battery unit BU can be protected from overvoltage.

以上のように、何れかの二次電池2の電池電圧が前記設定電圧を超えるまでは、DC/DCコンバータ50や遮断器制御部30には通電されておらず、電力を消費しているのは実質的に抵抗21a,21bとコンパレータ22のみと言って良く、消費電力が非常に小さい。さらに、コンパレータ22は超低消費電力仕様のものが提供されており、それらを使用することで更に消費電力を低減できる。   As described above, until the battery voltage of any secondary battery 2 exceeds the set voltage, the DC / DC converter 50 and the circuit breaker control unit 30 are not energized and consume power. Is substantially only the resistors 21a and 21b and the comparator 22, and consumes very little power. Furthermore, the comparator 22 is provided with an ultra-low power consumption specification, and the power consumption can be further reduced by using them.

〔別実施形態〕
以下、本発明の別実施形態を列記する。
(1)上記実施の形態では、何れかの二次電池2の電池電圧が前記設定電圧(4.5V)を超えると遮断器制御部30が起動して、直ちに遮断器4を閉状態から開状態へ切換える場合を例示しているが、何れかの二次電池2の電池電圧が上記の4.5Vよりも低い第2の設定電圧(例えば、4.2V等)を超えると遮断器制御部30が起動して、先ず主コネクタ5に接続している充電器に対して補助コネクタ6から充電禁止信号を出力し、それから更に何れかの二次電池2の電池電圧が前記設定電圧(4.5V)を超えたときに遮断器4を閉状態から開状態へ切換えるように構成しても良い。
もちろん、これらの設定電圧の具体的な電圧値は適宜に変更可能である。
(2)上記実施の形態では、遮断器4として機械式接点を有するコンタクタを使用する場合を例示しているが、半導体スイッチにて遮断器4を構成しても良い。
(3)上記実施の形態では、電池部BUを複数個の二次電池2を備えて構成する場合を例示しているが、1つの二次電池のみで電池部BUを構成する場合にも本発明を適用できる。
[Another embodiment]
Hereinafter, other embodiments of the present invention will be listed.
(1) In the above embodiment, when the battery voltage of any of the secondary batteries 2 exceeds the set voltage (4.5V), the circuit breaker control unit 30 is activated and immediately opens the circuit breaker 4 from the closed state. The case of switching to a state is illustrated, but when the battery voltage of any secondary battery 2 exceeds a second set voltage (for example, 4.2 V, etc.) lower than the above 4.5V, the circuit breaker control unit 30 is started, first, a charging prohibition signal is output from the auxiliary connector 6 to the charger connected to the main connector 5, and then the battery voltage of any of the secondary batteries 2 is set to the set voltage (4. The circuit breaker 4 may be switched from the closed state to the open state when the voltage exceeds 5 V).
Of course, the specific voltage values of these set voltages can be changed as appropriate.
(2) Although the case where the contactor which has a mechanical contact is used as the circuit breaker 4 in the said embodiment, the circuit breaker 4 may be comprised with a semiconductor switch.
(3) In the above embodiment, the case where the battery unit BU is configured by including a plurality of secondary batteries 2 is illustrated, but the present invention is also applicable to the case where the battery unit BU is configured by only one secondary battery. The invention can be applied.

BU 電池部
2 二次電池
4 遮断器
20 電圧検出部
30 遮断器制御部
40 スイッチ装置
BU battery unit 2 secondary battery 4 circuit breaker 20 voltage detection unit 30 circuit breaker control unit 40 switch device

Claims (2)

1個の二次電池又は互いに接続された複数個の二次電池で構成された電池部と、前記電池部と直列に接続されて通電を入り切りする遮断器と、前記電池部の電池電圧を検出する電圧検出部と、前記遮断器を開閉制御する遮断器制御部とを備えた電池パックにおいて、
前記電池部と前記遮断器制御部との間には前記遮断器制御部を作動させるための電力供給経路が設けられ、
前記電力供給経路には前記遮断器制御部への電力供給を入り切りするスイッチ装置が備えられ、
前記電圧検出部は前記電池部と常時接続されていると共に、前記電圧検出部で検出された前記電池電圧の検出結果に基づいて前記スイッチ装置を開状態から閉状態へ切り替えるように構成された電池パック。
A battery unit composed of one secondary battery or a plurality of secondary batteries connected to each other, a circuit breaker connected in series with the battery unit to turn on and off, and a battery voltage of the battery unit are detected. In a battery pack comprising a voltage detection unit that performs and a circuit breaker control unit that controls opening and closing of the circuit breaker,
A power supply path for operating the circuit breaker control unit is provided between the battery unit and the circuit breaker control unit,
The power supply path is provided with a switch device for turning on and off the power supply to the circuit breaker control unit,
The voltage detection unit is always connected to the battery unit, and is configured to switch the switch device from an open state to a closed state based on a detection result of the battery voltage detected by the voltage detection unit. pack.
前記遮断器は、ノーマリークローズ型に構成されている請求項1に記載の電池パック。   The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the circuit breaker is configured as a normally closed type.
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