JP2011058586A - Warm-up device of transmission for electric automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a warm-up device of a transmission for an electric automobile, efficiently utilizing a storage battery, reducing viscosity by quickly warming oil in the transmission in start of the electric automobile at low temperature, and surely and sufficiently improving transmission efficiency of energy in the transmission. <P>SOLUTION: The warm-up device 5 heats oil used for the transmission 3 transmitting torque to an axle 4 through the transmission 3 from an electric motor 2 driven by the storage battery 1. The warm-up device 5 includes an oil circulation passage 7 using oil as heat medium and circulating the oil from/to the inside to/from the outside of the transmission 3 by hydraulic pressure of the pump 6, the oil circulation passage 7 has a heat absorption path 8 making oil absorb calories generated in the storage battery 1, and a heat accumulator/radiator 9 is disposed downstream of the heat absorption path to accumulate the calories stored in the oil as latent heat and to radiate the heat when needed. When a core generator 10 is operated, a solid-phase core is generated in a liquid-phase latent heat accumulating material to generate the latent heat and heat oil passing through the heat accumulator/radiator 9, so that the transmission 3 is also heated by the oil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a warming-up device attached to a transmission such as a reduction gear used in an electric vehicle that drives a vehicle wheel with an electric motor.

  In general, in an electric vehicle, that is, an electric vehicle that drives an automobile wheel by an electric motor, various parts have been improved in order to efficiently use a storage battery (battery) and thereby extend a cruising distance. For example, improvements such as higher motor efficiency, reduced tire rolling resistance coefficient, higher performance of storage batteries, higher efficiency of chargers, improved air resistance, and lighter vehicles have been made.

  Among them, the electric motor has the characteristic that the torque is sufficiently large from the low speed rotation, and it is said that there is no need to use the transmission if the speed adjustment until the high speed rotation is electrically controlled, but the generated torque is efficiently used. A gearbox is necessary to make good use.

  Incidentally, a reduction gear that can change only the gear ratio in the power transmission mechanism such as a gear of the transmission and perform only deceleration is included in the concept of the transmission in a broad sense, and is hereinafter collectively referred to as a transmission including the reduction gear. .

  Such an oil made of lubricating oil or working fluid held in the transmission or in the oil pan is also called transmission oil or ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid), and a technique for adjusting the temperature thereof is known. However, this uses the waste heat of the internal combustion engine to warm it up and lower the viscosity (Patent Document 1).

  As one of the transmissions, an automatic transmission in which a torque converter and a gear transmission are combined is known. For this, hydraulic oil that transmits power in the torque converter and a gear stage are selected in the gear transmission. The hydraulic oil for controlling the operation of the clutch and the brake and the oil for lubrication are shared.

  A heat storage body including a latent heat storage material that undergoes phase transition by heat exchange with oil is brought into contact with the transmission oil in a path through which the oil is delivered so that heat can be exchanged. The oil temperature is increased by releasing the latent heat (solidification heat) associated with the phase transition of the latent heat storage material from liquid to solid, and when the oil is heated more than necessary, the latent heat storage material is melted to absorb heat (heat storage). Thus, there is known a transmission in which the temperature of oil used is averaged to reduce the change in viscosity (Patent Document 2).

JP 2005-299767 A JP 2007-303557 A (paragraph 0006)

  However, in the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 described above, after waiting for the engine of the internal combustion engine to be warmed up from a low temperature state at the initial stage of startup, the automatic transmission is used by utilizing the waste heat of the engine thereafter. Since the vehicle is warmed up, there is a problem that it is difficult to obtain an immediate effect as a warming-up device at the initial stage of starting the automobile at a low temperature.

  In the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 2 mentioned above, the temperature of use of the oil in the transmission can be averaged, but a sufficient amount of heat cannot be obtained at the beginning of the start in a low temperature environment such as winter, and the internal combustion in particular. In an electric vehicle that needs to be transmitted with higher efficiency than the torque of the engine, there is a problem in that it is not possible to sufficiently improve the transmission efficiency of the rotational torque when the transmission is started at a low temperature.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, to efficiently use the storage battery, and to quickly warm the oil in the transmission and reduce the viscosity when starting the electric vehicle at a low temperature. Thus, it is possible to provide a warm-up device for a transmission for an electric vehicle that can reliably and sufficiently improve energy transmission efficiency in the transmission.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, in the present invention, in a warm-up device for heating oil in the transmission of an electric vehicle that transmits a rotational force to an axle through a transmission from an electric motor driven by a storage battery, The warm-up device includes an oil circulation path that circulates inside and outside the transmission using the oil as a heat medium, and a heat absorption path that absorbs heat generated in the storage battery in the oil is provided in the oil circulation path. The electric vehicle transmission warming-up device is characterized in that a heat accumulator / heat radiator capable of storing and dissipating heat as the latent heat is provided on the downstream side of the oil.

  The warming-up device for an electric vehicle transmission according to the present invention configured as described above absorbs the heat generated in the storage battery into the oil through the heat absorption path, and then uses the heat stored in the oil as latent heat in the storage / radiator. Accumulate.

  In addition, the heat storage / heat radiator stores the amount of heat including heat of fusion at a predetermined melting point depending on the physical properties of the latent heat storage material and additives (supercooling inhibitor, phase separation inhibitor, melting point adjuster, etc.) After that, when it is heated to the melting point or higher and then cooled to the melting point or lower, it is in a supercooled state where latent heat is stored.

After that, the amount of heat stored in the temperature accumulator / heat radiator at the ambient temperature below the melting point is in a state of holding latent heat in the supercooled liquid phase state, but by applying physical impact etc. as necessary , It can be converted to a solid phase that releases heat all at once.
At this time, the heat radiation from the accumulator / heat radiator rapidly heats the oil passing through the accumulator / heat radiator, and the transmission can be warmed up with a considerable amount of heat.

In this way, when starting an electric vehicle in a low temperature environment such as winter, the oil in the transmission is quickly warmed and the viscosity becomes low, so that the transmission can be operated efficiently and the generated torque can be used efficiently. In addition, the storage battery that generates heat during operation is always cooled by the oil delivered.
The oil in the transmission that passes through the accumulator / heatsink may be lubricating oil for the power transmission mechanism of the transmission, or hydraulic oil for the transmission, or oil that is a combination of both.

As the above-described heat absorption path, a heat medium delivery path that separately absorbs the amount of heat generated in the storage battery and takes it out of the storage battery may be provided, and an oil circulation path is provided for this heat medium delivery path. It may be arranged to be heat exchangeable and used as a heat absorption path.
Thus, by separately providing a heat medium delivery path in the heat absorption path for efficiently absorbing the amount of heat generated in the storage battery, the storage battery can be used without increasing the amount of oil used for the transmission more than necessary. It is also possible to use a heat medium having other required characteristics such as water and other non-flammability in the heat medium delivery path.

Further, the storage / heat radiator is a storage / heat radiator provided with a nucleation device that holds the latent heat storage material in the container and generates a solid phase nucleus in the supercooled liquid phase latent heat storage material. It is preferable for reliably radiating the heat stored in the accumulator / heat radiator.
When the nucleation device is operated, solid phase nuclei are generated in the supercooled liquid phase latent heat storage material, whereby the surrounding liquid phase is transformed into the solid phase all at once and latent heat is generated.

For example, if the latent heat storage material is a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 60 ° C. or lower, the oil having a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher is melted and liquefied by circulating inside and outside the transmission. Thereafter, when the electric vehicle is cooled to an environment below the melting point, for example, room temperature, in a non-use state, the latent heat storage material becomes supercooled and retains the latent heat while maintaining the liquid phase.
When the nucleation device is activated simultaneously with the start of the electric vehicle, solid phase nuclei are generated in the liquid phase latent heat storage material, and subsequently the liquid phase latent heat storage material is Phase change occurs, the latent heat is generated and the oil passing through the accumulator / heat radiator is warmed, and the transmission is also warmed by this oil, so that the transmission efficiency of energy in the transmission is improved.

  The latent heat storage material used in this invention includes sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, barium hydroxide octahydrate, lithium nitrate trihydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate and sulfuric acid. One or more latent heat storage materials selected from sodium decahydrate can be mentioned.

  As the nucleation device, a nucleation device that applies an impact by pressure, heat, vibration, or voltage required for generation of solid phase nuclei to the latent heat storage material can be adopted, and one location is provided in the container of the nucleation device. In addition, by providing nucleation devices at a plurality of positions at intervals, the latent heat can be released more rapidly and the oil can be warmed more rapidly.

Further, the nucleation device can be provided with a temperature sensor and an operation control device so that the operation or non-operation can be controlled according to the outside air temperature or the transmission temperature.
A nucleation device equipped with a temperature sensor and an operation control device so that operation or non-operation can be controlled will heat the oil if either the outside air temperature or the transmission temperature is higher than the melting point of the latent heat storage material. Therefore, the nucleation device should not be operated at that time, and conversely, the nucleation device should be operated only when either the outside air temperature or the transmission temperature is lower than the melting point of the latent heat storage material. It is preferable to use the warm-up device efficiently.

  Also, in order to determine whether the latent heat storage material is in a solid phase or a liquid phase, the nucleator is provided with an optical sensor that discriminates according to the transmitted light amount or the reflected light amount. Is preferably controlled. This is because the warm-up device does not generate a sufficient amount of heat when the latent heat storage material is in an incomplete liquid or solid state.

  Furthermore, it is provided with an optical sensor that discriminates the state of the solid phase or the liquid phase of the latent heat storage material based on the transmitted light amount or the reflected light amount, and a control device that controls driving or stopping of the electric motor according to the discrimination of the optical sensor preferable. When the latent heat storage material is not heated until it is completely in the liquid phase, it is preferable that the electric motor cannot be stopped so that the amount of heat held by the oil can be reliably taken out as latent heat.

  The present invention provides an oil circulation path that circulates in and out of a transmission with a heat absorption path that allows the oil to absorb the amount of heat generated by the storage battery, and accumulates the amount of heat held by the oil as latent heat and can appropriately dissipate heat. The amount of heat generated by the storage battery is temporarily stored in the storage / heat radiator, cooling the operating storage battery, and starting the electric vehicle in a low temperature environment, Electric vehicle heat transmission that rapidly heats the oil by heat dissipation and quickly warms the oil in the transmission with this amount of heat to reduce the viscosity, thereby improving the energy transmission efficiency in the transmission sufficiently and reliably There is an advantage that it becomes a warm-up device of the machine.

  In addition, since the accumulator / heat radiator is a accumulator / heat radiator provided with a nucleation device for holding the latent heat storage material in the container and generating a solid phase nucleus in the supercooled liquid phase latent heat storage material, The amount of heat stored in the accumulator / heat radiator can be radiated reliably.

By providing the nucleation device at a plurality of locations at intervals as well as at one location in the container of the nucleation device, the latent heat can be released very rapidly and the oil can be warmed rapidly.
If the nucleation device is provided with a temperature sensor and an operation control device so that the operation or non-operation can be controlled according to the outside air temperature or the transmission temperature, the warm-up device can be used more efficiently.

  By providing a control device that controls the driving or stopping of the motor according to the discrimination of the optical sensor, the motor is set so that it cannot be stopped when the latent heat storage material is not heated until it is completely in the liquid phase, The amount of heat held can be reliably extracted as latent heat.

The top view of the warming-up apparatus of the transmission for electric vehicles which shows 1st Embodiment typically (A) An explanatory diagram schematically showing an example using a thermoelectric element of a nucleation device for a storage / heat radiator, (b) an explanatory diagram schematically showing an example using a bimetal of a nucleation device for a storage / heat radiator. (C) Explanatory drawing which shows typically the example using the voltage application electrode of the nuclear generator of a storage / heat radiator, (d) The example using the actuator of the nuclear generator of a storage / heat radiator Illustration showing The top view of the warming-up apparatus which illustrates typically the control apparatus attached to 1st Embodiment The top view of the warming-up apparatus of the transmission for electric vehicles which shows 2nd Embodiment typically

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is applied to a transmission 3 of an electric vehicle that transmits rotational force to an axle 4 from an electric motor (motor) 2 driven by a storage battery (battery) 1 via a transmission 3 (reduction gear). It is the warming-up apparatus 5 of the transmission for electric vehicles which heats the oil to be used.

  The warm-up device 5 includes an oil circulation path 7 that uses oil as a heat medium and circulates the inside and outside of the transmission 3 by the hydraulic pressure generated by the pump 6. The amount of heat generated in the storage battery 1 in the oil circulation path 7. The heat absorption path 8 that absorbs the oil is provided, and the storage / heat radiator 9 capable of storing the amount of heat held by the oil as latent heat and dissipating heat as necessary is provided on the downstream side.

  The electric vehicle referred to in the present invention is an electric vehicle having only an electric motor as a power source for vehicle travel, or a power source other than an electric motor such as an engine that operates by combustion of fuel in addition to the electric motor. This is a general term including an electric vehicle (so-called hybrid vehicle) provided for vehicle driving or power generation.

Further, like the transmission 3 of the embodiment, the transmission referred to in the present invention is not limited to a single mechanism of a torque converter or a gear transmission, but may be an automatic transmission that combines these. .
The oil used in such a transmission includes hydraulic oil for transmitting power in the torque converter, hydraulic oil for controlling the operation of the clutch and brake for selecting the gear position in the gear transmission, and further lubrication. This includes oil for use.

Incidentally, the automatic transmission is performed by automatically switching a plurality of planetary gear trains by a plurality of clutches and brake groups using hydraulic pressure and changing a reduction ratio. The reconnection by the clutch and brake group is performed by adjusting the pressure by controlling the openings of the plurality of hydraulic control valves.
On the other hand, as a transmission using a mechanical power transmission mechanism, a planetary gear type, a parallel shaft type, or the like is preferably used, and may be manual or automatic as long as it has one or more speed change mechanisms.

As shown in FIG. 1, the heat absorption path 8 for delivering oil from the transmission 3 is as long as possible so that heat can be efficiently exchanged with the storage battery 1 and is in contact with a wide area. It is provided.
The heat absorption path 8 can be configured using a pipe made of a metal having good thermal conductivity such as aluminum or copper, and is provided in a pipe form arranged in a U shape for improving heat exchange efficiency. And well-known means of heat exchange can be employed.

Moreover, although the storage battery 1 can use the thing normally comprised combining the module which consists of several battery cells, as a structural example of each battery cell, a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium ion polymer secondary Examples include batteries and nickel metal hybrid batteries.
The above-described heat absorption path 8 can be provided so as to pass through, for example, the inside or the periphery of a module made of battery cells. Then, the oil that has passed through the heat absorption path 8 of the storage battery 1 flows into the storage / heat radiator 9 provided on the downstream side thereof.

  The accumulator / heat radiator 9 accumulates the same amount of heat as that of the heated oil as latent heat, and stores latent heat in the inside of a sealed container 9a made of a heat insulating material so that it can dissipate heat as necessary. A material (not shown) is filled, and an impact generating portion of the nucleation device 10 is mounted inside the container 9a. The nucleation device 10 is also referred to as a trigger, and applies an impact by pressure, heat, vibration, or voltage to a supercooled liquid phase latent heat storage material to generate solid phase nuclei and rapidly liquid phase. The system is activated to generate latent heat.

  The internal piping configuration that penetrates the container 9a of the heat accumulator / heat radiator 9 and is in contact with the latent heat storage material can contact the latent heat storage material accommodated in the widest possible area and efficiently exchange heat. It is possible to adopt a well-known form advantageous for heat exchange, such as one in which metal fins are provided around the pipe, or a long pipe is densely provided by providing a U-shaped folded portion.

Specific examples of the latent heat storage material include sodium acetate trihydrate (CH ₃ COOH.3H ₂ O, melting point 58 ° C., heat of fusion 264 KJ / Kg), sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na ₂ S ₂ O _3. 5H ₂ O, melting point 48 ° C., heat of fusion 197 KJ / Kg), barium hydroxide octahydrate (Ba (OH) ₂ .8H ₂ O, melting point 78 ° C.), lithium nitrate trihydrate (LiNO ₃ · 3H ₂ O), calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl ₂ · 6H ₂ O, melting point 29.7 ° C., heat of fusion 192 KJ / Kg) and sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na ₂ SO ₃ · 10H ₂ O, melting point 32.4). And a latent heat storage material composed of at least one inorganic hydrate salt selected from the group consisting of ° C and heat of fusion 251 KJ / Kg). Also, C ₁₈ H ₃₈ (melting point 28.2 ° C., heat of fusion 243 KJ / Kg), C ₂₀ H ₄₂ (melting point 36.4 ° C., heat of fusion 247 KJ / Kg), C ₂₂ H ₄₆ (melting point 44 ° C., heat of fusion 157 KJ) It is also possible to employ a latent heat storage material made of paraffin such as / Kg).

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the nucleation devices (triggers) 10, 11, 13, and 15 have pressures required for generating solid-phase nuclei with respect to the latent heat storage material in the container 9a made of heat insulating material, It gives a shock by heat, vibration or voltage.
The nucleation device 10 shown in FIG. 2A is based on the Peltier effect using the thermoelectric element 10a. The Peltier effect is an effect that converts electrical energy into thermal energy. By connecting the two ends of two types of dissimilar metals (or semiconductors) and passing a current, a phenomenon in which a temperature difference is generated at both ends is used. Nucleation is caused by various temperature changes.
In the embodiment configured as described above, the oil passing through the accumulator / heat radiator 9 absorbs heat here and is delivered downstream, that is, part or all of the heat generated in the storage battery 1 is accumulated / radiated. The oil temporarily stored in the container 9 and cooled by the amount of heat is returned to the transmission 3 and the storage battery 1, and the storage battery 1 is cooled.
After the latent heat storage material in the heat accumulator / heat radiator 9 is heated to the melting point or higher, the electric vehicle is stopped and cooled to the outside air, and when cooled to the melting point or lower, the latent heat is stored. It will be in the state.

  When the nucleation device 10 is operated when the electric vehicle is started at a low temperature, solid phase nuclei are generated in the liquid phase latent heat storage material, and subsequently the liquid phase latent heat storage material is centered on the core. Phase change to a solid phase, latent heat is generated and the oil passing through the accumulator / heat radiator 9 is warmed. The transmission 3 is also warmed by this oil, and the energy transmission efficiency in the transmission 3 is improved.

  The nucleation device 11 shown in FIG. 2B is a trigger using a bimetal. Electrodes are attached to two layers of metal 12 having different thermal conductivities and are heated to generate heat, thereby causing distortion between the layers and causing rapid deformation in the layer thickness direction, such as reversal of a disc-shaped spring. Is.

  The nucleation device 13 shown in FIG. 2 (c) is a trigger by voltage application, and applies an electric shock between the two electrodes by applying a voltage of about 0.5 to 50V between the two electrodes 14, for example. It is what makes it nucleate.

The nucleation device 15 shown in FIG. 2 (d) presses the protrusion 18 from behind with a disc spring-shaped metal plate 16 in contact with the latent heat storage material by an actuator by a solenoid 17, and reversely deforms the metal plate 16 in the thickness direction. It generates impact pressure due to sudden deformation. Although the illustrated actuator has shown the thing which makes the protrusion 18 protrude from the solenoid 17 electrically on the principle similar to a solenoid valve, the protrusion 18 can also be extruded by air pressure or hydraulic pressure.
Such a nucleation device can be provided at a plurality of locations at intervals in the container 9a to improve the speed of phase change due to nucleation.

  The warm-up device shown in FIG. 3 is provided with temperature sensors 19 and 20 and a control device 21 so that operation or non-operation can be controlled according to one or more temperature conditions selected from the outside air temperature and the transmission temperature. It is. The temperature sensor 19 is installed so as to touch outside air outside the electric vehicle, and the temperature sensor 20 is installed inside the transmission 3.

As the control device 21, for example, a known device such as a relatively simple digital circuit (small computer) called a microsequencer executes a microprogram, reads a signal, and generates a control signal can be adopted.
The control device 21 operates by receiving electric power from the storage battery 1 directly or indirectly from another device, and can activate or deactivate the pump 6 and the nucleation device 10.

Further, the nucleation device 10 or the like can be interlocked with an optical sensor 22 that determines the state of the solid phase or the liquid phase of the latent heat storage material based on the transmitted light amount or the reflected light amount.
The optical sensor 22 is also called a photosensor, and is a known sensor that detects the presence / absence, brightness, and color of an object by detecting physical quantities such as a reflection pattern. A combination of light emitting and light receiving elements may be used, and either a transmissive photosensor or a reflective photosensor may be used.

  In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, a heat medium delivery path 23 that absorbs the amount of heat generated in the storage battery 1 and takes it out of the storage battery 1 is provided separately, and an oil circulation path is provided with respect to the heat medium delivery path 23. 7a is a warming-up device for a transmission for an electric vehicle having the same configuration as that of the first embodiment except that the heat exchanger 24 is disposed so as to be able to exchange heat.

  The heat exchanger 24 is disposed in a container formed of a heat insulating material with a part of the heat medium delivery path 23 having metal fins and a part of the oil circulation path 7a approached, with water or the like therebetween. It is filled with a liquid with good thermal conductivity such as safe and non-flammable. In this way, the amount of oil used in the transmission is not increased more than necessary, and the storage battery 1 can be cooled more efficiently.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage battery 2 Electric motor 3 Transmission 4 Axle 5 Warm-up device 6 Pump 7, 7a Oil circulation path 8, 23 Heat absorption path 9 Storage and radiator 9a Container 10, 11, 13, 15 Nucleation apparatus 10a Thermoelectric element 12 Two layers Metal 14 Two electrodes 16 Metal plate 17 Solenoid 18 Projectors 19 and 20 Temperature sensor 21 Control device 22 Optical sensor 24 Heat exchanger

Claims (11)

In a warming-up device for heating oil in the transmission of an electric vehicle that transmits rotational force to an axle from a motor driven by a storage battery via the transmission,
The warming-up device includes an oil circulation path that circulates inside and outside the transmission using the oil as a heat medium. The oil circulation path includes a heat absorption path that allows the oil to absorb the amount of heat generated in the storage battery. A warming-up device for a transmission for an electric vehicle, characterized in that an accumulator / heat radiator capable of accumulating the amount of heat held by the oil as latent heat and dissipating heat is provided on the downstream side of the path.   2. The warm-up device for a transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the oil is lubricating oil, hydraulic oil, or oil using both.   The heat absorption path is provided with a heat medium delivery path that absorbs the amount of heat generated in the storage battery and takes it out of the storage battery, and an oil circulation path is arranged in the heat medium delivery path so that heat exchange is possible. The warm-up device for a transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 1.   The heat accumulator / heat radiator is a heat accumulator / heat radiator provided with a nucleation device for holding a latent heat storage material in a container and generating a solid phase nucleus in a supercooled liquid phase latent heat storage material. 4. A warming-up device for a transmission for an electric vehicle according to any one of 3 above.   The warm-up device for a transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the latent heat storage material is a latent heat storage material having a melting point of 60 ° C. or less.   The latent heat storage material is selected from sodium acetate trihydrate, sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate, barium hydroxide octahydrate, lithium nitrate trihydrate, calcium chloride hexahydrate and sodium sulfate decahydrate. The warming-up device for a transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, which is one or more kinds of latent heat storage materials.   The warming-up of the transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the nucleating device is a nucleating device that applies an impact by pressure, heat, vibration, or voltage required for generating solid-phase nuclei to the latent heat storage material. apparatus.   The warming-up device for a transmission for an electric vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the nucleation device is provided at a plurality of locations at intervals in the container.   5. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the nucleation device is provided with a temperature sensor and a control device so that operation or non-operation can be controlled according to one or more temperature conditions selected from an outside air temperature and a transmission temperature. Transmission warm-up device.   5. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the nucleation device is provided with an optical sensor that determines a solid phase or a liquid phase state of the latent heat storage material based on a transmitted light amount or a reflected light amount, and a control device that controls operation based on the determination. Transmission warm-up device.   2. A control device that includes an optical sensor that determines a solid phase or a liquid phase state of the latent heat storage material based on a transmitted light amount or a reflected light amount, and that controls driving or stopping of an electric motor according to the determination of the optical sensor. The warming-up device of the transmission for electric vehicles of description.

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