JP2011058231A - Staircase - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a staircase which enables the arbitrary setting of the number of steps and the angle of inclination of the staircase. <P>SOLUTION: A bridgeboard 10 constituting the one step of the staircase includes a lower plate 2 which is attached to a sloped structure, an upper plate 4 which has one end connected to one end of the lower plate 2 in such a manner as to be rotatable via a hinge portion 3, and an angle adjusting portion 5 which is provided between the lower and upper plates 2 and 4 and which adjusts an angle between the lower and upper plates 2 and 4. The length of the angle adjusting portion 5 is adjusted so that the upper plate 4 can be located in a horizontal position with respect to a mounting angle of the lower plate 2. When the pair of bridgeboards 10 like this is installed in the same height position and a treadboard is installed in the upper plate 4 of each of them, the staircase is completed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a staircase installed in a structure.

  For example, at a site where the work place is at a high place, such as a construction site, and where there are no stairs or scaffolds that lead to the work place, people and objects are generally moved using ladders. Done. However, although the ladder is convenient to use, it is an unstable installation that only stands up, and there is a problem with safety.

  For this reason, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, an assembly-type staircase that can be easily attached and can ensure safety has been proposed. This configuration will be described with reference to FIG. The staircase 100 has a configuration in which a scissor plate 101 and a tread plate 102 are integrated into an L shape to form a staircase member 103, and the staircase member 103 is attached to a side beam 104. A mounting member 107 having an outer plate 105 and engaging grooves 106A and 106B provided in the outer plate 105 is provided on both sides of the tread plate 102, and stud bolts 108A and 108B provided in the side beam 104 are engaged. The staircase member 103 is fixed to the side beam 104 by engaging with the grooves 106A and 106B.

  A temporary staircase as shown in Patent Document 2 has also been proposed. This configuration will be described with reference to FIG. The temporary staircase 200 is erected on the lower floor 201 at predetermined intervals and obliquely between the columns 202A and 202B having suspension pieces 210 at their upper ends and the upper ends of the columns 202A and 202B and the lower floor 201. The attached diagonal members 203A and 203B, the reinforcing member 204 provided between the lower portions of the diagonal members 203A and 203B and the lower portions of the support columns 202A and 202B, and the diagonal members 203A and 203B have predetermined steps. Hang between a plurality of attached footboards 205, a column-shaped hanging bar 206 provided between the upper ends of the columns 202A and 202B, and an upper floor 207 and a hanging bar 206 that are higher than the lower floor 201. It has a crossing plate 208 that is passed over and a hook 209 that is provided on the crossing plate 208 and is engaged with the latching bar 206. The temporary staircase 200 can be moved without being disassembled by hooking a hook of a crane (not shown) to the suspension piece 210 and lifting it to a predetermined location.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-24763 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-306576

However, according to the conventional staircase as shown in Patent Document 1, there is a problem that the side beam 104 for fixing the staircase member 103 is required and the inclination angle of the staircase is fixed. Moreover, according to the conventional temporary staircase as shown in Patent Document 2, there is a problem that the number of steps and the inclination angle of the staircase cannot be changed. For example, when installing in a place where the tilt angle changes in the middle, it is necessary to install according to any tilt angle, or design and install a dedicated stair according to the change in tilt angle, It cannot be installed easily on site.
In the case of a temporary staircase, it is preferable that it can be easily removed.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to not set the angle between the tread board and the mounting surface in advance, so that the number of steps and the inclination angle of the stairs can be arbitrarily set, and can be easily installed on site. Is to provide a simple staircase.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 1 includes a lower plate attached to a structure or the like, an upper plate having one end rotatably coupled to one end of the lower plate, and the lower plate. A stepped girder provided between the upper plate and having an angle adjusting unit for adjusting an angle between the lower plate and the upper plate includes at least one in each step. provide.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, in the staircase according to the first aspect, the spar girder is composed of a pair installed at substantially the same height, and a tread is attached to the pair of upper plates. A single step is provided.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the staircase according to the first aspect, wherein one end of the upper plate is coupled to one end of the lower plate by a hinge structure. And

  In order to achieve the above object, according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the step according to the first aspect, the angle adjusting portion includes a long nut and a long bolt screwed to the long nut. The integrated both ends are engaged with the lower plate and the upper plate via a shaft portion.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 5 is the mounting according to claim 4, wherein the long bolt is a T-bolt and a horizontal portion of the T-bolt is fitted therein. It is pivotally supported on the upper plate so as to be rotatable by a tool.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the staircase of the fourth aspect, the long nut is provided with a rotating shaft including a sphere at one end thereof, and the sphere is the lower plate. It is characterized in that it is pivotally supported by the shaft.

According to the staircase of the present invention, since the number of steps and the inclination angle of the staircase can be arbitrarily set, there is an effect that it can be easily installed on site without requiring a special design.
Moreover, even if it is a special inclined surface where an inclination angle changes in the middle, there exists an effect that the staircase according to the inclined surface can be installed easily.

It is a perspective view of the stairs concerning the 1st embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the scabbard of FIG. 1. It is a disassembled perspective view which shows the angle adjustment part of FIG. The structure of a T-bolt fixture is shown, (a) is a side view, (b) is a plan view. The structure of a rotating shaft fixture is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view. The detail of the lower board of the staircase concerning an embodiment of the invention is shown, (a) is a top view and (b) is a side view. The detail of the upper board of the staircase concerning an embodiment of the invention is shown, (a) is a side view, (b) is the top view which expanded the axis part of the upper board of (a), and (c) is (a). FIG. It is a side view which shows the sagittal girder in case the inclination-angle of a lower board is small. It is a perspective view which shows the staircase which made the number of steps plural. It is a perspective view of the staircase concerning the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the staircase concerning the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a structure of the conventional staircase. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the conventional temporary staircase.

[First Embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a staircase according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the counter beam of FIG. In FIG. 1, the tread is shown in an inclined state for easy understanding of the configuration. 3 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the angle adjustment unit, FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the T-bolt fixture, (a) is a side view, (b) is a plan view, and FIG. 5 is a rotating shaft. The structure of a fixture is shown, (a) is a top view, (b) is a side view.

(Composition of stairs)
As shown in FIG. 1, the staircase 1 has a pair of spar 10 arranged at the same height (in FIG. 1, only the right side as viewed from the front is shown) and a pair of spar 10 on the top surface. And an attached footboard 20. In addition, as for the tread board 20, it is desirable to provide the unevenness | corrugation etc. of a slipper on the upper surface where a person rests.

  The spar 10 has a lower plate 2 attached to a structure 6 arranged with an inclination by screwing or the like, an upper plate 4 connected to the lower plate 2 by a hinge portion 3 so as to be opened and closed, and a lower plate 2. And an angle adjusting unit 5 for setting an angle between the upper plate 4 and the upper plate 4. The structure 6 is, for example, a reinforcing material, a brace, a building material newly provided for a staircase, a floor surface with a step, or the like, regardless of the type of material such as wood, metal, concrete, and the like. Note that the spar 10 is configured such that the inclination angle of the structure 9 can correspond to 10 to 60 °, for example.

(Configuration of angle adjustment unit)
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the angle adjusting unit 5 includes a cylindrical long nut 51 having a female screw 52 at the center and a hole 53 at the bottom, and a T-bolt screwed into the long nut 51. 54 (long bolt), a lock nut 55 that is screwed to the T bolt 54 to lock the T bolt 54, and a T bolt attachment 56 that allows the upper portion of the T bolt 54 to be rotatably attached to the lower surface of the upper plate 4. The rotary shaft 57 is attached to the lower end of the T-bolt 54, and the rotary shaft attachment 58 is attached to the attachment surface of the lower plate 2 with the rotary shaft 57 supported rotatably. Here, the rotation shaft 57 and the rotation shaft attachment 58 constitute the shaft portion 60.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the T-bolt fixture 56 has a semicircular cross-section long groove 561 that supports the horizontal portion 541 of the T-bolt 54 and the T-bolt fixture 56 fixed to the upper plate 4 with screws. Female screw holes 562A and 562B for the purpose, and a long hole 563 provided at the center of the long groove 561 so that the T-bolt 54 can penetrate and rotate. The T-bolt 54 has a length that allows the upper plate 4 to be in a horizontal position with respect to a predetermined range of inclination angles of the structure 6 (that is, the attachment angle of the lower plate 2).

  The rotation shaft 57 includes a shaft sphere 571 fitted into the lower end of the long nut 51, and a female screw 572 that forms the shaft of the shaft sphere 571 and overlaps the hole 53 provided in the long nut 51. And a shaft 573 to be inserted into 52.

  The rotation shaft attachment 58 is entirely oval, and a hollow portion 580 that rotatably accommodates a shaft sphere 571 of the rotation shaft 57 and a shaft 573 of the rotation shaft 57 penetrate through the center. An opening 581 and female screw holes 582A and 582B for bolts (not shown) for fixing the rotating shaft attachment 58 to the lower plate 2 are provided.

(Configuration of the lower plate)
FIG. 6 shows details of the lower plate, (a) is a plan view, and (b) is a side view. The lower plate 2 is, for example, a strip-shaped metal plate. One end of the lower plate 2 is provided with a pair of semicircular gripping portions 21A and 21B, and further, a bent portion 22 protruding upward is provided on both sides. Yes. Further, holes 23A and 23B for fixing the rotating shaft attachment 58 and holes 24 and 25 for fixing to the structure 6 with wood screws or the like are provided.

(Configuration of the upper plate)
FIG. 7 shows details of the upper plate, (a) is a side view, (b) is an enlarged view of the B portion of the upper plate of (a) as seen from the C direction, and (c) is a back view of (a). is there. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7C, the upper plate 4 is a metal plate having a strip shape when viewed from the plane direction and a substantially J-shape when viewed from the side surface. As shown in FIG. 2, a horizontal portion 40 to be attached and an inclined portion 41 formed at the end thereof are formed with bent portions 42 protruding downward on both sides. Further, a shaft support portion 43 is formed at the end of the inclined portion 41 so as to be interposed between the gripping portions 21A and 21B provided on the lower plate 2, and the shaft support portion 43 has a shaft 44. It is inserted. The hinge portion 3 is constituted by the shaft support portion 43 and the shaft 44 and the grip portions 21A and 21B of the lower plate 2, whereby the lower plate 2 and the upper plate 4 can be opened and closed.

  Furthermore, the attachment fitting portion 45 having an outer shape that matches the rotation shaft attachment 58 is provided at the approximate center of the horizontal portion 40 of the upper plate 4 so as to bulge from the lower surface of the horizontal portion 40. Holes 46 and 47 for fixing the tread plate 20 with bolts or the like are provided on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the fixture mounting portion 45.

  The attachment mounting portion 45 has a bulging portion 451 of the same size as the T-bolt attachment 56 and a long groove provided in the bulging portion 451 having a semicircular cross section that matches the long groove 561 of the T-bolt attachment 56. 452 and screw holes 453A and 453B provided to match the female screw holes 562A and 562B.

(Assembly method of angle adjustment part)
First, the angle adjusting unit 5 inserts the male screw portion 542 of the T bolt 54 into the bolt attachment 56 through the long hole 563. Next, the lock nut 55 is screwed into the male thread portion 542 of the T bolt 54. As a result, the bolt fitting 56 is interposed between the lock nut 55 and the horizontal portion 541 of the T bolt 54.

  Next, the operator passes the shaft 573 of the rotating shaft 57 from the lower side through the opening 581 of the rotating shaft mounting tool 58, and further inserts the shaft 573 into the female screw 52 at the lower end of the long nut 51, and the hole 53. The screw hole 572 is made to match. In this state, a screw (not shown) is passed through the hole 53 and screwed into the female screw 572 to fix the rotating shaft 57 to the long nut 51. Next, an appropriate amount of the lower end of the male screw portion 542 of the T bolt 54 is screwed into the upper end of the long nut 51. Thus, the angle adjustment unit 5 is completed.

(How to assemble sasara girders)
First, the operator couples the lower plate 2 and the upper plate 4 by the hinge portion 3 so as to be opened and closed (turned). Next, the operator attaches the angle adjusting unit 5 between the lower plate 2 and the upper plate 4 as shown in FIG. The angle adjusting unit 5 is attached by attaching the rotating shaft attachment 58 to the lower plate 2 with a bolt (not shown) and then attaching the T-bolt attachment 56 to the attachment mounting portion 45 of the upper plate 4 with a bolt (not shown). Thus, the sasara girder 10 is completed. As for such sagging girders 10, “number of steps × 2” is produced. The T-bolt attachment 56 may be attached first, and the rotation shaft attachment 58 may be attached later.

(Stair construction method)
Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the operator positions the lower plate 2 of the first balance beam 10 on the structure 6 having an inclination of, for example, 50 °. When the structure 6 is made of wood, wood screws are screwed into the holes 24 and 25 of the lower plate 2, and the spar 10 is fixed to the structure 6. Next, after moving the lock nut 55 to the T-bolt attachment 56 side, the long nut 51 is appropriately rotated so that the upper plate 4 becomes horizontal. When the upper plate 4 becomes horizontal, the lock nut 55 is moved to the long nut 51 side, and the lock nut 55 is fastened to the long nut 51.

  Next, as described above, the second spar 10 is attached within the range of the length of the tread plate 20 and at the same height position. Thereafter, the foot plate 20 is placed on the upper plate 4 of each of the pair of spar 10 and the foot plate 20 is fixed to each upper plate 4 by a nut (not shown) through bolts (not shown) in the holes 46 and 47. Thus, one step (one step) of stairs 1 is completed. The staircase 1 may consist of only one step as shown in FIG.

  When the inclination angle of the lower plate 2 is smaller than the spar 10 shown in FIG. 2, that is, when the inclination angle of the structure 6 is small, for example, 30 °, as shown in FIG. Adjust so that the part entering the long nut 51 becomes longer.

  If a pair of lower floors 7 and upper floors 8 are attached to the structure 6 by the required number of steps as described above, desired steps are provided between the lower floor 7 and the upper floor 8 as shown in FIG. A staircase 1 having a number (3 steps in FIG. 9) is completed. The structure 6 is fixed to the lower floor 7 and the upper floor 8 by metal fittings 11 and 12 and wood screws.

(Effects of the first embodiment)
According to the first embodiment, the following effects are obtained.
(1) Since the spar 10 is constructed by connecting the lower plate 2 and the upper plate 4 with the hinge portion 3 and the angle between them can be varied by the angle adjusting portion 5, the structure having any inclination angle. 6, the tread plate 20 can be kept horizontal and the height between steps can be set freely.
(2) Since the length of the staircase 1 can be adjusted in units of one step, a desired staircase length can be obtained.
(3) Since it is only necessary to assemble the girder 10 to the structure 6 at the site, the stairs 1 can be installed without preparing construction drawings or the like.
(4) When the stairs 1 are no longer needed, the spar 10 can be removed every time, so that a heavy machine or the like is not required as in the prior art and can be easily removed in a short time.

[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a staircase according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the width of the lower plate 2 and the upper plate 4 is increased and the tread plate 20 is not provided, and the other configurations are the first configuration. This is the same as the embodiment. In addition, since the staircase 1 is configured only by the sheathing girder 10, a design that increases the strength of a member to which a load is applied is necessary as necessary.

(Effect of the second embodiment)
According to the second embodiment, the staircase 1 can be provided even when a lateral space cannot be secured when the staircase 1 is provided. Other effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

[Third Embodiment]
FIG. 11 is a side view of a staircase according to the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a case where the inclination angle of the structure 6 is partially different in the height direction in FIG. 9. For example, the structures 9 A and 9 B such as rafters of the roof of the hip-folded hut structure are as shown in FIG. In the case of having different inclination angles, the spar 10 is provided for each of the structures 9A and 9B to form the staircase 1, and the other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

(Effect of the third embodiment)
According to the third embodiment, the upper plate 4 is horizontal in any of the spar 10 even if there are portions where the angle of the mounting surface of the lower plate 2 is different within the length range of the stairs 1 to be installed. Therefore, the installation location is not limited.

[Other embodiments]
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from or changing the technical idea of the present invention. For example, the angle adjusting unit 5 may be arranged upside down in the configuration of FIG.

  In the above embodiment, the angle adjusting unit 5 adjusts the angle between the lower plate 2 and the upper plate 4 by adjusting the degree of coupling between the long nut 51 and the T port 54. The invention is not limited to such a structure, but other structures such as a pantograph structure, a structure in which rods and triangle plates prepared in various lengths in advance are appropriately selected, and a rod of a certain length The upper plate 4 may be leveled by fixing one end and freely setting the mounting position of the other end.

  In the above embodiment, the T port 54 may be a long screw having an upper end in a ring shape. In this case, a rod-shaped shaft is provided on the upper plate 4 side instead of the bolt attachment 56.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the structure 6 shall have an inclination, if the angle adjustment part 5 is made long enough, even if the attachment surface of the lower board 2 is a perpendicular | vertical surface like a wall surface Good.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stairs 2 Lower board 3 Hinge part 4 Upper board 5 Angle adjustment part 6 Structure 7 Lower floor 8 Upper floor 9A Structure 9B Structure 10 Sasara girder 20 Tread 21A Grasp 21B Grasp 22 Bend 23A Hole 23B Hole 24 Hole 25 hole 40 horizontal part 41 inclined part 42 bent part 43 shaft support part 44 shaft 45 mounting tool mounting part 46 hole 47 hole 51 long nut 52 female thread 53 hole 54 T bolt 55 lock nut 56 bolt mounting tool 57 rotating shaft 58 rotating shaft Mounting tool 59 Shaft sphere 60 Shaft portion 451 Swelling portion 452 Long groove 453A Screw hole 453B Screw hole 541 Horizontal portion 542 Male screw portion 561 Long groove 562A Female screw hole 562B Female screw hole 563 Long hole 571 Shaft sphere 572 Male screw 573 Shaft 580 Hollow portion 581 Opening 582A Female thread 582B Female thread

Claims (6)

A lower plate attached to a structure or the like;
An upper plate having one end rotatably coupled to one end of the lower plate;
A shearing girder provided between the lower plate and the upper plate and having an angle adjusting unit for adjusting an angle between the lower plate and the upper plate includes at least one in each step. And the stairs.   The staircase according to claim 1, wherein the spar is composed of a pair installed at substantially the same height, and a step is formed by providing a step board on the pair of upper plates.   The staircase according to claim 1, wherein one end of the upper plate is coupled to one end of the lower plate by a hinge structure.   2. The staircase according to claim 1, wherein the angle adjustment portion includes a long nut and a long bolt screwed to the long nut, and both ends thereof are integrated with the lower plate and the shaft through the shaft portion. A staircase engaged with the upper plate.   5. The staircase according to claim 4, wherein the long bolt is a T-bolt, and the horizontal portion of the T-bolt is pivotally supported by the upper plate by a fixture having a groove into which the long bolt is fitted. A characteristic staircase.   5. The staircase according to claim 4, wherein the long nut is provided with a rotation shaft including a sphere at one end thereof, and the sphere is rotatably supported by the lower plate.

Images