JP2011046268A - Submarine boat having gas tank made of flexible material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem that there is only a tiny space and a complex space between a cockpit and body outer wall when a small submarine boat is manufactured so that it is difficult to arrange power generation sections, buoyancy regulating tanks, etc. of the submarine boat in these spaces compactly. <P>SOLUTION: The submarine boat is made up of: the cockpit 0501 of a watertight structure; the body outer wall 0502, which surrounds the cockpit, forms a space not filled with water between the cockpit and itself, and which is designed to reduce underwater fluid resistance; gas tanks 0503 made of a flexible material arranged between the cockpit and the body outer wall; an air supplying and exhausting device 0504, which supplies and exhausts air to/from the gas tank and regulates the buoyancy that acts on the submarine boat; and the power generation sections 0505, which generate power of the submarine boat. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a submersible craft capable of adjusting buoyancy by supplying and exhausting air to a gas tank.

  Conventionally, levitation and diving of submersibles have been performed by adjusting the buoyancy by supplying and discharging water to the buoyancy adjustment tank. More specifically, when submersibles are submerged, water is sucked in while removing the air filled in the buoyancy adjustment tank. It was. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a system that adjusts buoyancy using a buoyancy chamber having a seawater inlet and a seawater outlet, a fluid pressure pump, and a pressure amplifier. In addition, medium-sized and large submersibles are equipped with a buoyancy adjustment tank made of steel or the like in a fixed space inside the submersible.

Special table 2007-503345

  However, when various submersibles are manufactured with the spread of marine leisure, it has become difficult to use the conventional buoyancy adjustment mechanism as it is. For example, when manufacturing a small submersible, there is only a small space between the cockpit and the body outer wall belt, and it is difficult to compactly place the power generation unit, buoyancy adjustment tank, etc. of the submersible in this space. It was a thing. In addition, as the design diversity of submersibles expands, it has become necessary to make effective use of the complex interior space. Further, when the buoyancy adjustment tank itself is made small, there is a problem that the adjustment range of the buoyancy becomes small.

  In addition, noise caused by water supply / drainage of the buoyancy adjustment tank and rust generated inside the buoyancy adjustment tank have been problems and have been problems to be solved. Furthermore, when water is taken into the buoyancy adjustment tank, the buoyancy adjustment tank may break down due to foreign matters contained in the water, and maintenance such as maintenance inspection and replacement work has to be frequently performed.

  In order to solve the above problems, a water-tight cockpit, a space surrounding the cockpit and a space filled with water formed between the cockpit and the body outer wall body designed for fluid resistance in water, and the cockpit A gas tank made of an elastic material disposed between the outer wall of the body, an air supply / exhaust device for adjusting the buoyancy acting on the submersible by supplying and exhausting air to the gas tank, and the power of the submersible We propose a submersible craft that consists of a power generator that generates

  In the submersible craft of the present invention, it is preferable that the air tank is disposed on both the left and right side surfaces and / or the front and rear side surfaces of the cockpit.

  In the submersible craft of the present invention, it is preferable to further include a guide member that guides the air tank so as to expand within a predetermined space.

  Further, in the submersible craft of the present invention, it is preferable that the power generation unit has jet injection means for taking water from a space filled with water between the cockpit and the body outer wall body and jetting the taken water. .

  In the present invention having the above-described configuration, a gas tank made of an elastic material is employed as a buoyancy adjustment mechanism, so that it is possible to effectively use a compact and complicated space. In addition, since no water supply / drainage is performed for adjusting the buoyancy, it is possible to suppress the generation of noise, and the possibility of rusting in the gas tank is reduced. In addition, since foreign substances contained in water are not taken into the gas tank, it is possible to reduce the burden of maintenance inspection and replacement work. Further, since buoyancy can be adjusted only by air supply / exhaust, fine adjustment of buoyancy is facilitated, and it is possible to improve the exercise performance of the submersible craft.

The perspective view which looked at an example of the external shape of the submersible craft of Example 1 from diagonally forward The perspective view which looked at an example of the external shape of the submersible craft of Example 1 from the slanting back Side view of an example of the configuration of the submersible craft of Example 1 Front view of an example of the configuration of the submersible craft of Example 1 The top view of an example of the structure of the submersible craft of Example 1. Diagram showing the relationship between expansion and contraction of gas tanks and ascent and dive of submersibles The figure which shows an example of the guide member of the submersible craft of Example 2. The figure which shows an example of the specific structure of the jet injection means of Example 4.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below. In addition, this invention is not limited to these Examples at all, and can be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist thereof. The relationship between the embodiments and the claims is as follows. Example 1 mainly relates to claim 1 and the like, Example 2 mainly relates to claim 2 and the like, Example 3 mainly relates to claim 3 and the like, and Example 4 mainly relates to claim 4 and the like.

<Overview>
Since the submersible craft of this embodiment employs a gas tank made of an elastic material as a buoyancy adjustment mechanism, a compact and complex space between the cockpit and the body outer wall can be used effectively. Further, since air is supplied / exhausted only to / from the gas tank and water is not supplied / drained, buoyancy can be easily adjusted and maintenance of the gas tank itself is facilitated.

<Configuration>
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are perspective views of an example of the external shape of the submersible craft according to the present embodiment as seen from obliquely forward and obliquely rearward. 3, 4, and 5 are a side view, a front view, and a plan view of an example of the configuration of the submersible craft of this embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3 and the like, “submersible craft” 0300 of the present embodiment includes “cockpit” 0301, “body outer wall” 0302, “gas tank” 0303, “air supply / exhaust device” 0304, “ Power generation unit "0305. In addition, the structure which added the general member and apparatus regarding a submersible craft is also included in the scope of the present invention.

  The “cockpit” has a watertight structure. However, it does not mean only the structure that is always a watertight structure, and naturally includes a structure that can open the window as shown in FIG. As the cockpit, a mode mainly composed of a device for operating the submersible craft and a device for maintaining a life environment in the cockpit can be considered. However, when a submersible is operated remotely, the aspect comprised from the apparatus etc. for receiving remote operation is also considered similarly. The cockpit is preferably made of a strong material in order to improve pressure resistance, and a metal such as stainless steel can be considered. However, it is preferable to select an appropriate material according to the depth of diving. In addition, the structure which arrange | positions some air supply / exhaust apparatuses and the power generation part which are described below inside a cockpit is also possible.

    The “body outer wall body” surrounds the cockpit, forms a space filled with water between the cockpit and the fluid resistance design in water. As an example of the body outer wall, a streamline shape as shown in FIG. In the design of fluid resistance in water, the resistance in water accompanying horizontal motion, vertical motion, rotational motion, etc. is considered. The body outer wall includes members such as a vertical tail and a horizontal tail. As a material of the body outer wall body, it is preferable to use a material such as reinforced plastic that can be easily molded and has a certain strength. By using these materials, it becomes possible to design bodies of various shapes. However, it is also possible to appropriately select a material such as stainless steel according to the application used by the submersible craft.

  In addition to surrounding the cockpit, surrounding the cockpit includes a structure surrounding a part of the cockpit. For example, as shown in FIG. 1 or the like, when a part of the cockpit is a window portion, a field of view is secured without arranging a body outer wall around the window portion. However, it is preferable that a device such as a gas tank be protected from direct contact with the external environment.

  In addition to the gas tank, the air supply / exhaust device, and the power generation unit, other devices can be arranged in the space filled with water between the cockpit. For example, it is conceivable to arrange an apparatus for supplying oxygen to the cockpit in a watertight state. Further, the space between the body outer wall body and the cockpit does not necessarily have to be filled with water, and it is conceivable to form a part of the space that is not filled with water. Moreover, the said space does not necessarily need to be an integrated space, and the aspect with two or more isolated space is naturally possible.

  The “gas tank” is made of an elastic material disposed between the cockpit and the outer body wall. By using the elastic material, the gas tank can be molded into various shapes, and a compact gap or a complicated space between the cockpit and the body outer wall body can be effectively used during expansion. The shape of the gas tank is not particularly limited, but may be oval or bellows. By giving elasticity to the gas tank, it is possible to suppress the risk of the gas tank being damaged even when a strong impact is applied to the body outer wall. It is generally considered that a rubber material is used as the elastic material. A high-quality rubber material has excellent pressure resistance, can withstand pressure at a certain depth, and has excellent elasticity, so that the above effects can be exhibited.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the expansion / contraction of the gas tank and the ascent / dive of the submersible craft according to this embodiment. As shown in this figure, when the gas tank is filled with air, the water existing between the cockpit and the outer wall of the body is pushed out of the submersible craft, so strong buoyancy works on the submersible craft. It will be. In addition, when air is taken out from the gas tank, the size of the gas tank is reduced and a large amount of water is taken in between the cockpit and the outer wall of the body, so that the buoyancy acting on the submersible craft is weakened. .

  The “air supply / exhaust device” adjusts the buoyancy acting on the submarine by supplying and exhausting air to and from the gas tank. Here, the air supply / exhaust device is generally considered to be a cylinder filled with high-pressure compressed air, but it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which a part of the air in the cockpit can be supplied to the gas tank. The air supplied to the gas tank can be substantially the same as the components of normal air inside the cockpit or on the ground, but the composition is not particularly limited. For example, a configuration in which a gas containing only oxygen is supplied to and exhausted from a gas tank is also included.

  Also, adjusting the buoyancy acting on the submersible by supplying and exhausting air to and from the gas tank means adjusting the air supply and exhaust speed in addition to adjusting the air volume in the gas tank. Etc. For example, when diving and ascending slowly, the air supply / exhaust speed can be reduced, and when performing fast diving and ascending, the air supply and exhaust speed can be increased.

  Further, when there are a plurality of gas tanks, it is also possible to adjust the air supply / exhaust to each gas tank. For example, a configuration is possible in which one gas tank can be filled with more air than the other gas tanks, or can be filled with air at a fast pace.

  Compared with the buoyancy adjustment mechanism that supplies and discharges water to and from the tank, the buoyancy adjustment mechanism that performs only air supply and exhaust as described above can be configured with fewer members. It is possible to ascend. That is, the motion performance of the submersible can be further improved.

  In addition, it is possible to prevent noise caused by water supply / drainage to the tank. In addition, since it is not necessary to take water into the tank, there is a low possibility that the gas tank is clogged with foreign matter in the water, and it is possible to stably maintain certain performance.

  The “power generation unit” generates power for the submersible craft. Here, as a mechanism for generating the power of the submersible craft, a water jet mechanism or a propeller mechanism driven by rotation of a motor can be mainly considered. The power source is generally considered to be supplied with power from a battery, but is not particularly limited.

  When a water jet mechanism is used as the power generation unit, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which water between the cockpit and the body outer wall body is taken in and jetted (described in detail in Example 4). In this case, it is also preferable to additionally provide a guide member that guides the gas tank so as to expand in a predetermined space so that the expansion of the gas tank does not become nonuniform (described in detail in Example 3).

  In addition to the above configuration, a configuration in which an automatic control device is separately provided in the submersible craft is also possible. For example, a configuration in which the attitude angle of the submersible craft with respect to the direction of gravity or the depth from the water surface is detected, the amount of air in the gas tank is adjusted, or the position of the gas tank is moved is also conceivable.

  Moreover, it is also possible to make it the structure which can supply the air in a gas tank to a cockpit, a power generation part, etc. For example, when the temperature in the cockpit is high, a configuration in which the cockpit is cooled by supplying a part of the cooled air in the gas tank into the cockpit is also possible.

<Effect>
The submersible craft according to the present embodiment enables a compact submersible design, and facilitates buoyancy adjustment and maintenance.

<Configuration>
The submersible craft of the present embodiment is basically the same as the configuration of the submersible craft of the first embodiment, but is characterized in that gas tanks are arranged on both the left and right side surfaces and / or the front and rear side surfaces of the cockpit. Hereinafter, the feature point will be described.

  Arranging the gas tanks on both the left and right side surfaces or / and both front and rear side surfaces of the cockpit does not necessarily mean that the gas tank is disposed in contact with the cockpit, but includes a configuration in which the gas tank is disposed at a position away from the cockpit. Moreover, although it is generally considered that the gas tanks are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides of the cockpit, the arrangement is not necessarily limited thereto.

  By placing gas tanks on the left and right sides of the cockpit and / or on both sides of the front and rear sides, the buoyancy of the submersible can be placed near the center of the submersible, making it possible to maintain a stable posture during diving and ascent. . It is also possible to adjust the attitude inclination of the submersible craft according to the amount of air filled in the gas tank on each side. For example, by increasing the amount of air to be filled in the gas tank disposed in front of or behind the cockpit from the amount in the horizontal state, it is possible to have a posture in which the front or rear of the submersible is slightly inclined upward. By generating power in this state, it is possible to perform rapid ascent and submarine.

<Effect>
In addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the submersible craft of the present embodiment makes it possible to perform stable ascent / dive and complex posture control.

<Configuration>
The submersible craft of the present embodiment is basically the same as the configuration of the submersible craft of the first embodiment, but is characterized by further having a guide member that guides the gas tank so as to expand within a predetermined space.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of the guide member of the submersible craft according to the present embodiment. In the example of this figure, a guide member 0702 is disposed so as to surround the gas tank 0701. As described above, the guide member may have a closed surface shape, but may have a frame shape. By using these guide members, the position of the gas tank during expansion can be fixed to some extent, the buoyancy can be maintained within a certain space, and the submersible craft can be stably controlled. Further, it is possible to prevent the gas tank from coming into contact with other devices (for example, a power generation unit) inside the submersible craft.

  The material of the guide member is preferably a strong member such as stainless steel, but is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected. Moreover, it is also possible to adjust suitably the expansion method of a gas tank by setting it as the structure which can change arrangement | positioning of a guide member. For example, when it is desired to limit the position when the gas tank is expanded to the upper side of the submersible craft, the guide member can be moved upward.

<Effect>
With the submersible craft of this embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, more stable attitude control of the submersible craft can be performed, and unnecessary contact with other devices can be prevented.

<Configuration>
The submersible craft of the present embodiment is basically the same as the configuration of the submersible craft of the first embodiment. However, the power generator takes water from the space filled with water between the cockpit and the outer body of the body and takes water. It has a jet injection means for jetting water.

  As a configuration for taking water from the space filled with water between the cockpit and the body outer wall body, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, a configuration in which a water intake pipe is provided so that water can easily flow from the outside of the body outer wall body is generally used. However, it is not limited to this. That is, a configuration in which the water surrounding the gas tank and the water taken into the jet spraying unit are separated from each other inside the outer wall of the body can be considered, and an integrated configuration is also possible.

  5 shows a configuration in which two jet injection means are provided, a configuration in which a single unit or three or more jet injection units are provided is also possible. Moreover, as a position where the jet injection means is disposed, the rear part of the submersible craft is generally considered, but is not limited thereto. For example, the jet spraying means may be disposed on the lower or upper surface of the submersible so that the submersible can be floated and submerged at high speed.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a specific configuration of the jet injection means of the present embodiment. In the example in this figure, water is taken from the space filled with water between the cockpit and the outer wall body through the water intake 0801, and the taken water is pressurized by the rotating body 0802 with a propeller. It is discharged as a jet from the discharge port 0803. The submarine propulsion is obtained by the jet discharged from the outlet.

<Effect>
In addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the submersible craft of the present embodiment makes it possible to further reduce the size of the submersible craft and reduce the risk of breakage of a gas tank made of a resilient material. Become.

0300 Submersible 0301, 0401, 0501 Cockpit 0302, 0402, 0502 Body outer wall body 0303, 0403, 0503 Gas tank 0304, 0404, 0504 Air supply / exhaust device 0305, 0505 Power generation unit 0701 Gas tank 0702 Guide member 0801 Intake port 0802 Propeller Rotating body with 0803 outlet

Claims (4)

A watertight cockpit,
A body outer wall that surrounds the cockpit and forms a space filled with water between the cockpit and a fluid resistance design in water,
A gas tank made of an elastic material disposed between the cockpit and the body outer wall,
An air supply / exhaust device that adjusts the buoyancy acting on the submersible by supplying and exhausting air to and from the gas tank;
A power generator for generating power of the submersible,
Submarine consisting of The submersible craft according to claim 1, wherein the gas tank is disposed on both left and right side surfaces and / or front and rear side surfaces of the cockpit. The submersible craft according to claim 1, further comprising a guide member that guides the gas tank so as to expand within a predetermined space.   The said power generation part has a jet injection means which takes in water from the space filled with the water between a cockpit and a body outer wall body, and jet-injects the taken-in water, The any one of Claim 1 to 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Submersible craft described in 1.

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