JP2011045189A - Method and device for shielding electromagnetic wave in radio power transmission system, and radio power transmission device - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、無線電力伝送システムにおける電磁波遮蔽方法および装置、無線電力伝送システム、並びに無線電力送電装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an electromagnetic wave shielding method and apparatus in a wireless power transmission system, a wireless power transmission system, and a wireless power transmission apparatus.
無線で電力を伝送する、所謂無線電力伝送またはワイヤレス電力供給（ＷＰＳ：Wireless Power Supply ) においては、電磁誘導を利用することにより、空間的に離れた２点間でケーブルを用いることなく電力（エネルギ）の送受電を行なう。また、２点間の距離、つまり電力の伝送距離を大きくするために、磁界共鳴（磁場共鳴、磁気共鳴、磁界共鳴モードともいう）を利用することが提案されている（特許文献１）。 In so-called wireless power transmission or wireless power supply (WPS) in which power is transmitted wirelessly, by using electromagnetic induction, power (energy) can be used without using a cable between two spatially separated points. ). In order to increase the distance between two points, that is, the transmission distance of electric power, it has been proposed to use magnetic field resonance (also referred to as magnetic field resonance, magnetic resonance, or magnetic field resonance mode) (Patent Document 1).
無線電力伝送においては、電磁波（高周波電磁界) を仲立ちとして電力が空間を輸送されるため、無線電力伝送装置を波源として空間に電磁波が放射される。放射された電磁波は、通信機器または電子機器などにとっては雑音となるため、その強度は低い方が好ましく、電波法などによっても規制されている。 In wireless power transmission, since electric power is transported through space with an electromagnetic wave (high frequency electromagnetic field) as an intermediary, electromagnetic waves are radiated into the space using the wireless power transmission device as a wave source. The radiated electromagnetic wave becomes noise for communication equipment or electronic equipment, so that the intensity is preferably low, and is also regulated by the Radio Law.
一般に、電磁波の不要な放射を抑止するために、波源の周囲（空間）の全体を１種類の電磁波遮蔽体で囲むことが行なわれる。例えば、波源の周囲を銅板またはアルミニウム板で囲む。または、波源の周囲をパーマロイ材で囲む。電磁波遮蔽体によって、波源から外部に出ようとする電磁波が吸収され、電磁波エネルギが消費される。 In general, in order to suppress unnecessary radiation of electromagnetic waves, the entire circumference (space) of a wave source is surrounded by one type of electromagnetic wave shield. For example, a wave source is surrounded by a copper plate or an aluminum plate. Alternatively, surround the wave source with permalloy material. The electromagnetic wave shielding body absorbs the electromagnetic wave that is about to go out from the wave source, and consumes electromagnetic wave energy.
さて、無線電力伝送を行うに際し、波源の周囲の全体を電磁波遮蔽体で囲んだ場合に、電磁波遮蔽体による磁界エネルギの吸収および消費が起こり、これが電力輸送効率の低下に直結することになる。 Now, when performing wireless power transmission, if the entire periphery of the wave source is surrounded by an electromagnetic wave shielding body, the electromagnetic wave shielding body absorbs and consumes magnetic field energy, which directly leads to a decrease in power transport efficiency.
本発明は、このような点に鑑みてなされたものであり、無線電力伝送において電磁波の不要な放射を抑え、かつ電力輸送効率の低下をできるだけ抑えることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object of the present invention is to suppress unnecessary radiation of electromagnetic waves in wireless power transmission and to suppress reduction in power transport efficiency as much as possible.
ここに開示された実施形態によると、送電系コイルから受電系コイルへ磁界を利用して無線で電力を伝送する無線電力伝送システムにおける電磁波遮蔽方法において、前記送電系コイルにおける、当該送電系コイルによる送電側と反対側に、磁性体を配置し、前記送電系コイルによる送電方向と直交する側に導電体を配置する。 According to an embodiment disclosed herein, in an electromagnetic wave shielding method in a wireless power transmission system that wirelessly transmits power from a power transmission system coil to a power reception system coil, the power transmission system coil includes the power transmission system coil. A magnetic body is disposed on the side opposite to the power transmission side, and a conductor is disposed on the side orthogonal to the direction of power transmission by the power transmission coil.
好ましくは、前記受電系コイルにおける、当該受電系コイルによる受電側と反対側に、磁性体を配置してもよい。また、前記導電体は、前記送電系コイルから前記受電系コイルに至るまでの空間を囲むように配置してもよい。前記導電体として、非磁性金属を用いることができる。 Preferably, a magnetic body may be arranged on the side opposite to the power receiving side of the power receiving coil in the power receiving coil. The conductor may be disposed so as to surround a space from the power transmission system coil to the power reception system coil. A nonmagnetic metal can be used as the conductor.
本発明によると、無線電力伝送において電磁波の不要な放射を抑え、かつ電力輸送効率の低下をできるだけ抑えることができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress unnecessary radiation of electromagnetic waves in wireless power transmission and to suppress a decrease in power transport efficiency as much as possible.
図１ないし図３において、無線電力伝送システム１は、送電系コイルＳＣ、受電系コイルＪＣ、交流電圧源１１、負荷となるデバイス２１、送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１、受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２、および電界遮蔽部材３３を備える。 1 to 3, the wireless power transmission system 1 includes a power transmission coil SC, a power reception coil JC, an AC voltage source 11, a load device 21, a power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31, a power reception side magnetic shielding member 32, and An electric field shielding member 33 is provided.
図２において、送電系コイルＳＣは、電力供給コイル１２および送電共振コイル１３を備える。電力供給コイル１２は、銅線またはアルミニウム線などの金属線が円周状に複数回巻かれたものであり、その両端に交流電圧源１１による交流電圧（高周波電圧）が印加される。 In FIG. 2, the power transmission coil SC includes a power supply coil 12 and a power transmission resonance coil 13. The power supply coil 12 is formed by winding a metal wire such as a copper wire or an aluminum wire a plurality of times around the circumference, and an AC voltage (high-frequency voltage) from the AC voltage source 11 is applied to both ends thereof.
送電共振コイル１３は、銅線またはアルミニウム線などの金属線が円周状に巻かれたコイル１３１と、コイル１３１の両端に接続されたコンデンサ１３２とからなり、それらによる共振回路を形成する。共振周波数ｆ0 は次の式で示される。 The power transmission resonance coil 13 includes a coil 131 in which a metal wire such as a copper wire or an aluminum wire is wound circumferentially, and a capacitor 132 connected to both ends of the coil 131, thereby forming a resonance circuit. The resonance frequency f0 is expressed by the following equation.
ｆ0 ＝１／〔２π（ＬＣ）-1/ 2 〕 ……（１）
なお、Ｌはコイル１３１のインダクタンス、Ｃはコンデンサ１３２の静電容量である。
f0 = 1 / [2π (LC) -1 / 2 ] (1)
Note that L is the inductance of the coil 131, and C is the capacitance of the capacitor 132.
送電共振コイル１３のコイル１３１は、例えばワンターンコイルである。コンデンサ１３２は、例えばセラミックコンデンサである。コイル１３１の直径を例えば１００ｍｍ程度とし、コンデンサ１３２の静電容量を例えば０．０４μＦ程度とすると、共振周波数ｆ0 は、２ＭＨｚ程度となる。 The coil 131 of the power transmission resonance coil 13 is, for example, a one-turn coil. The capacitor 132 is a ceramic capacitor, for example. If the diameter of the coil 131 is, for example, about 100 mm and the capacitance of the capacitor 132 is, for example, about 0.04 μF, the resonance frequency f0 is about 2 MHz.
送電系コイルＳＣは、一種の送信アンテナ、例えばループアンテナまたはダイポールアンテナと見ることも可能である。 The power transmission coil SC can also be regarded as a kind of transmission antenna, for example, a loop antenna or a dipole antenna.
電力供給コイル１２と送電共振コイル１３とは、電磁的に違いに密に結合するよう、例えば同一平面上にかつ同心上に配置されている。例えば、送電共振コイル１３の直径が１００ｍｍ程度の場合に、電力供給コイル１２の直径は８０ｍｍ程度とされており、送電共振コイル１３の内周側に電力供給コイル１２が嵌まり込んだ状態で配置される。この状態で、交流電圧源１１から電力供給コイル１２に交流電圧が供給されたときに、電力供給コイル１２に生じた交番磁界による電磁誘導によって送電共振コイル１３に共振電流が流れる。つまり、電磁誘導によって、電力供給コイル１２から送電共振コイル１３に電力が供給される。 The power supply coil 12 and the power transmission resonance coil 13 are disposed, for example, on the same plane and concentrically so as to be electromagnetically and closely coupled with each other. For example, when the diameter of the power transmission resonance coil 13 is about 100 mm, the diameter of the power supply coil 12 is set to about 80 mm, and the power supply coil 12 is fitted in the inner peripheral side of the power transmission resonance coil 13. Is done. In this state, when an AC voltage is supplied from the AC voltage source 11 to the power supply coil 12, a resonance current flows through the power transmission resonance coil 13 by electromagnetic induction caused by an alternating magnetic field generated in the power supply coil 12. That is, electric power is supplied from the power supply coil 12 to the power transmission resonance coil 13 by electromagnetic induction.
受電系コイルＪＣは、受電共振コイル２２および電力取出コイル２３を備える。受電共振コイル２２は、銅線またはアルミニウム線などの金属線が円周状に巻かれたコイル２２１と、コイル２２１の両端に接続されたコンデンサ２２２とからなる。受電共振コイル２２の共振周波数ｆ0 は、コイル２２１のインダクタンスおよびコンデンサ２２２の静電容量に基づいて上の（１）式で示される。 The power receiving system coil JC includes a power receiving resonance coil 22 and a power extraction coil 23. The power receiving resonance coil 22 includes a coil 221 around which a metal wire such as a copper wire or an aluminum wire is wound, and a capacitor 222 connected to both ends of the coil 221. The resonance frequency f0 of the power receiving resonance coil 22 is expressed by the above equation (1) based on the inductance of the coil 221 and the capacitance of the capacitor 222.
受電共振コイル２２のコイル２２１は、例えばワンターンコイルである。コンデンサ２２２は、例えばセラミックコンデンサである。受電共振コイル２２は、送電共振コイル１３と同様な仕様となっている。 The coil 221 of the power receiving resonance coil 22 is, for example, a one-turn coil. The capacitor 222 is a ceramic capacitor, for example. The power receiving resonance coil 22 has the same specifications as the power transmission resonance coil 13.
電力取出コイル２３は、銅線またはアルミニウム線などの金属線が円周状に複数回巻かれたものであり、その両端に負荷であるデバイス２１が接続されている。 The power extraction coil 23 is formed by winding a metal wire such as a copper wire or an aluminum wire a plurality of times in a circumferential shape, and a device 21 as a load is connected to both ends thereof.
受電共振コイル２２と電力取出コイル２３とは、電磁的に違いに密に結合するよう、例えば送電系コイルＳＣの場合と同様に同一平面上にかつ同心上に配置されている。この状態で、受電共振コイル２２に共振電流が流れると、それによって発生した交番磁界による電磁誘導によって電力取出コイル２３に電流が流れる。つまり、電磁誘導によって、受電共振コイル２２から電力取出コイル２３に電力が送られる。 The power receiving resonance coil 22 and the power extraction coil 23 are disposed on the same plane and concentrically as in the case of the power transmission coil SC, for example, so as to be electromagnetically and closely coupled. In this state, when a resonance current flows through the power receiving resonance coil 22, a current flows through the power extraction coil 23 by electromagnetic induction caused by the alternating magnetic field generated thereby. That is, electric power is transmitted from the power receiving resonance coil 22 to the power extraction coil 23 by electromagnetic induction.
送電系コイルＳＣと受電系コイルＪＣとは、磁界共鳴によって無線で電力を伝送するため、図２に示されるように、コイル面が互いに平行になるように、かつコイル軸心が互いに一致するかまたは余りずれないように、互いに適当な距離をおいて配置される。 Since the power transmission coil SC and the power reception coil JC transmit power wirelessly by magnetic field resonance, are the coil surfaces parallel to each other and the coil axes coincide with each other as shown in FIG. Alternatively, they are arranged at an appropriate distance from each other so that they do not shift too much.
図２に示す無線電力伝送システム１において、コイル軸心ＫＳに沿う方向が磁界ＫＫの主な放射方向であり、それと直角の方向ＤＳが電界ＤＫの主な放射方向である。送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣに向かう方向が送電方向ＳＨである。 In the wireless power transmission system 1 shown in FIG. 2, the direction along the coil axis KS is the main radiation direction of the magnetic field KK, and the direction DS perpendicular thereto is the main radiation direction of the electric field DK. The direction from the power transmission coil SC to the power reception coil JC is the power transmission direction SH.
図１および図３に示すように、無線電力伝送システム１において、電磁波の不要な放射を抑え、かつ電力輸送効率の低下をできるだけ抑えるために、電磁波遮蔽装置３が設けられる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, in the wireless power transmission system 1, an electromagnetic wave shielding device 3 is provided in order to suppress unnecessary radiation of electromagnetic waves and to suppress a decrease in power transport efficiency as much as possible.
電磁波遮蔽装置３は、送電系コイルＳＣにおける当該送電系コイルＳＣによる送電側と反対側に配置された磁性体からなる送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１、受電系コイルＪＣにおける当該受電系コイルＪＣによる受電側と反対側に配置された磁性体からなる受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２、および、送電系コイルＳＣによる送電方向と直交する側に配置された導電体からなる電界遮蔽部材３３を備える。 The electromagnetic wave shielding device 3 includes a power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 made of a magnetic material disposed on the opposite side to the power transmission side of the power transmission system coil SC and a power reception side of the power reception system coil JC. A power receiving side magnetic shielding member 32 made of a magnetic material arranged on the opposite side of the magnetic field, and an electric field shielding member 33 made of a conductor arranged on the side perpendicular to the direction of power transmission by the power transmission coil SC.
送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２は、磁気遮蔽を行うためのものであり、次の条件に当てはまる材料が用いられる。
（１） 透磁率の高い材料、つまり強磁性体の性質を持つ磁性材料である。透磁率が高いほど、磁気遮蔽効果が大きい。そして、使用する周波数（高周波）において複素透磁率の実数部が大きく虚数部の小さいものが好ましい。複素透磁率の虚数部が小さいことにより、磁気損失が小さくなる。保持力は小さくてよいので軟磁性材料が好ましい。
（２） 電気抵抗率（面抵抗）の大きい材料が好ましい。電気抵抗率が大きいことによって、電磁誘導による渦電流が発生し難いため、電流損が少ない。したがって、送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２の電気抵抗率または電気抵抗は、少なくとも電界遮蔽部材３３のそれよりも大きい。
The power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32 are for performing magnetic shielding, and materials satisfying the following conditions are used.
(1) A material having high magnetic permeability, that is, a magnetic material having a ferromagnetic property. The higher the magnetic permeability, the greater the magnetic shielding effect. And the thing with a large real part of complex permeability and a small imaginary part is preferable in the frequency (high frequency) to be used. Since the imaginary part of the complex permeability is small, the magnetic loss is reduced. Since the holding force may be small, a soft magnetic material is preferable.
(2) A material having a large electric resistivity (surface resistance) is preferable. Due to the high electrical resistivity, eddy currents due to electromagnetic induction are less likely to occur, so there is little current loss. Therefore, the electric resistivity or electric resistance of the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32 is at least larger than that of the electric field shielding member 33.
したがって、送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２の材料として、透磁率が高く電気抵抗率の大きいフェライトが好適に用いられる。その他、鋼、珪素鋼、パーマロイなどの軟磁性材料を用いることができる。また、種々の磁性粉を含有した樹脂材を用いることもできる。また、樹脂材などの表面に磁性塗膜を形成したものを用いてもよい。 Therefore, as a material for the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32, ferrite having a high magnetic permeability and a high electrical resistivity is preferably used. In addition, soft magnetic materials such as steel, silicon steel, and permalloy can be used. Also, resin materials containing various magnetic powders can be used. Moreover, you may use what formed the magnetic coating film on the surface, such as a resin material.
また、電界遮蔽部材３３は、電界を遮蔽するものであり、次の条件に当てはまる材料が用いられる。
（３） 導電率の大きい材料が用いられる。高導電率であるほど、電界エネルギの吸収が大きい。
（４） 非磁性材料が好ましい。
The electric field shielding member 33 shields the electric field, and a material that satisfies the following conditions is used.
(3) A material with high conductivity is used. The higher the conductivity, the greater the absorption of electric field energy.
(4) Nonmagnetic materials are preferred.
したがって、電界遮蔽部材３３の材料として、銅、アルミニウムなどの非磁性金属が好適に用いられる。電界遮蔽部材３３は、導電性樹脂であってもよい。また、樹脂材などの表面に導電性塗膜を形成したものでもよい。 Therefore, a nonmagnetic metal such as copper or aluminum is preferably used as the material of the electric field shielding member 33. The electric field shielding member 33 may be a conductive resin. Moreover, what formed the conductive coating film on the surface, such as a resin material, may be used.
なお、電界遮蔽部材３３は、接地されていることが好ましい。電界遮蔽部材３３が接地されることによって、電界遮蔽部材３３の電位がグランド電位となり、電界によって生じた電流をグランドに流すことができる。 The electric field shielding member 33 is preferably grounded. When the electric field shielding member 33 is grounded, the electric potential of the electric field shielding member 33 becomes the ground potential, and a current generated by the electric field can flow to the ground.
図１および図３に示す無線電力伝送システム１においては、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣが円形であるので、図２に示す送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２は、送電系コイルＳＣまたは受電系コイルＪＣとほぼ同じかそれより大きい直径を有する円板状である。円板の厚さは、例えば０．１〜１ｍｍ程度である。伝送電力が大きくなるほど、送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２の厚さを厚くすればよい。 In the wireless power transmission system 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, since the power transmission coil SC and the power reception coil JC are circular, the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32 shown in FIG. It has a disc shape having a diameter substantially the same as or larger than that of the system coil SC or the power receiving system coil JC. The thickness of the disk is, for example, about 0.1 to 1 mm. The greater the transmission power, the thicker the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32 should be.
また、電界遮蔽部材３３は、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣが内部に含まれる程度の大きさの円筒状である。つまり、電界遮蔽部材３３は、送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣに至るまでの円柱状の空間を囲むように配置されている。 The electric field shielding member 33 has a cylindrical shape that is large enough to contain the power transmission coil SC and the power reception coil JC. That is, the electric field shielding member 33 is disposed so as to surround a cylindrical space from the power transmission system coil SC to the power reception system coil JC.
送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２は、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣから適当な距離だけ離れて配置されているが、接して配置してもよい。また、電界遮蔽部材３３は、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣの外周面から僅かに離れる程度の内径を有するが、もっと大きい内径を有していてもよく、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣの外周面が接する程度の内径を有していてもよい。送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２と電界遮蔽部材３３との間は、接していても離れていてもよい。それらが離れている場合に、一方の延長線上に他方が存在するような状態で重なっていることが好ましい。 The power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32 are disposed at an appropriate distance from the power transmission system coil SC and the power reception system coil JC, but may be disposed in contact with each other. The electric field shielding member 33 has an inner diameter that is slightly away from the outer peripheral surfaces of the power transmission system coil SC and the power reception system coil JC, but may have a larger inner diameter, and the power transmission system coil SC and the power reception system coil. You may have an internal diameter of the grade which the outer peripheral surface of JC touches. The power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31, the power receiving side magnetic shielding member 32, and the electric field shielding member 33 may be in contact or separated from each other. When they are separated, it is preferable that they overlap with each other so that the other exists on one extension line.
交流電圧源１１は、電力供給コイル１２に、送電共振コイル１３および受電共振コイル２２の共振周波数ｆ0 に応じた周波数の交流電力（高周波電力）を供給する。例えば、共振周波数ｆ0 が２ＭＨｚである場合に、交流電圧源１１は周波数が２ＭＨｚ程度の高周波電力を送電共振コイル１３に供給する。 The AC voltage source 11 supplies the power supply coil 12 with AC power (high frequency power) having a frequency corresponding to the resonance frequency f 0 of the power transmission resonance coil 13 and the power reception resonance coil 22. For example, when the resonance frequency f0 is 2 MHz, the AC voltage source 11 supplies high-frequency power having a frequency of about 2 MHz to the power transmission resonance coil 13.
上に述べたように、送電共振コイル１３および受電共振コイル２２のサイズ、巻き数、コンデンサの容量などによって、種々の共振周波数ｆ0 とすることができる。例えば、数ＫＨｚから数ＧＨｚ、さらには数ＴＨｚまでの種々の周波数帯域の周波数を用いることが可能である。 As described above, various resonance frequencies f0 can be set according to the size, the number of turns, the capacitor capacity, and the like of the power transmission resonance coil 13 and the power reception resonance coil 22. For example, it is possible to use frequencies in various frequency bands from several KHz to several GHz, and even several THz.
デバイス２１として、電力取出コイル２３から出力される交流電力で動作する種々の回路または機器などを用いることができる。例えば、整流回路、インバータ、ＤＣ−ＤＣコンバータなどを組み合わせて用いることができる。また、デバイス２１として、二次電池を充電するための充電装置を用いることができる。この場合には、実質的な負荷は二次電池となる。その他、モータ、ソレノイド、種々の電子回路または電気回路をデバイス２１とすることができる。 As the device 21, various circuits or devices that operate with AC power output from the power extraction coil 23 can be used. For example, a rectifier circuit, an inverter, a DC-DC converter, or the like can be used in combination. Further, as the device 21, a charging device for charging a secondary battery can be used. In this case, the substantial load is the secondary battery. In addition, a motor, a solenoid, various electronic circuits, or an electric circuit can be used as the device 21.
図４（Ｂ）に示すように、送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２が存在しない場合に、送電系コイルＳＣによる磁界（放射磁界）ＫＫは、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣの外方へも多く放射される。なお、図４に示す磁界ＫＫは、磁力線または磁束の方向をも示す。 As shown in FIG. 4B, when the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32 are not present, the magnetic field (radiated magnetic field) KK by the power transmission system coil SC is equal to the power transmission system coil SC and the power reception system coil. A lot is emitted to the outside of JC. Note that the magnetic field KK shown in FIG. 4 also indicates the direction of magnetic field lines or magnetic flux.
図４（Ａ）に示すように、送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２を設けた場合に、放射磁界になるはずだった磁束が送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２に吸い込まれ、磁界ＫＫが外部に放射されることが抑止される。 As shown in FIG. 4A, when the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32 are provided, the magnetic flux that should have become a radiating magnetic field is converted to the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member. 32 is suppressed from being radiated to the outside by being sucked in by 32.
図５（Ｂ）に示すように、電界遮蔽部材３３がない場合に、送電系コイルＳＣによる磁界に基づく電界（放射電界）ＤＫは、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣで挟まれた円柱状の空間の外方へも多く放射される。なお、図５に示す電界ＤＫは、電気力線または電束の方向をも示す。 As shown in FIG. 5B, when there is no electric field shielding member 33, the electric field (radiated electric field) DK based on the magnetic field by the power transmission system coil SC is a cylindrical shape sandwiched between the power transmission system coil SC and the power reception system coil JC. A lot of radiation is also emitted outside the space. Note that the electric field DK shown in FIG. 5 also indicates the direction of the lines of electric force or the electric flux.
図５（Ａ）に示すように、電界遮蔽部材３３を設けた場合に、放射電界になるはずだった電界エネルギが電界遮蔽部材３３に吸収され、電界ＤＫが外部に放射されることが抑止される。電界遮蔽部材３３に吸収された電界エネルギは、グランドへ流れる電流となる。電界遮蔽部材３３が接地されていない場合には、電界遮蔽部材３３において渦電流となり、熱エネルギとなって放散される。 As shown in FIG. 5A, when the electric field shielding member 33 is provided, the electric field energy that should have been a radiation electric field is absorbed by the electric field shielding member 33 and the electric field DK is prevented from being radiated to the outside. The The electric field energy absorbed by the electric field shielding member 33 becomes a current flowing to the ground. When the electric field shielding member 33 is not grounded, it becomes an eddy current in the electric field shielding member 33 and is dissipated as thermal energy.
図６（Ｂ）に示すように、電磁波遮蔽装置３を設けない場合に、送電系コイルＳＣによる磁界ＫＫおよび電界ＤＫは外方へ放射される。 As shown in FIG. 6B, when the electromagnetic wave shielding device 3 is not provided, the magnetic field KK and the electric field DK by the power transmission coil SC are radiated outward.
図６（Ａ）に示すように、電磁波遮蔽装置３を設けた場合に、放射磁界または放射電界になるはずだった磁束および電界エネルギが電磁波遮蔽装置３に吸収され、外部に放射されることが抑止される。 As shown in FIG. 6A, when the electromagnetic wave shielding device 3 is provided, the magnetic flux and electric field energy that should have become a radiating magnetic field or a radiated electric field may be absorbed by the electromagnetic wave shielding device 3 and radiated to the outside. Deterred.
このように、電磁波遮蔽装置３によって、磁界ＫＫおよび電界ＤＫが、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣによって形成される円柱状の空間にほぼ閉じ込められ、外部への漏れ量が少なくなる。これによって、電磁波の不要な放射が抑えられる。 Thus, the electromagnetic wave shielding device 3 substantially confines the magnetic field KK and the electric field DK in the cylindrical space formed by the power transmission coil SC and the power reception coil JC, and the amount of leakage to the outside is reduced. Thereby, unnecessary radiation of electromagnetic waves is suppressed.
そして、電力輸送の主な担い手である磁気エネルギは、外部に出ることが抑制されるのみであり、送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２による損失は最低限度に抑えられるので、電力輸送効率の低下が抑えられる。 And the magnetic energy which is the main bearer of electric power transport is only suppressed from going outside, and the loss due to the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32 is suppressed to the minimum. Reduction in transport efficiency can be suppressed.
すなわち、磁界を電力輸送の仲立ちとする方式の無線電力伝送システム１において、磁界は、２点間をつなぐ方向（コイル軸心ＫＳに沿う方向）に主として空間分布する。他方、電界は、それと直角の方向ＤＳに主として空間分布する。 That is, in the wireless power transmission system 1 using a magnetic field as an intermediate for power transportation, the magnetic field is mainly spatially distributed in a direction connecting two points (a direction along the coil axis KS). On the other hand, the electric field is mainly spatially distributed in a direction DS perpendicular thereto.
また、磁界強度は波源からの距離の３乗に比例して急速に減衰するが、電界強度は波源からの距離の２乗または１乗に比例して緩やかに減衰する。このことから、本実施形態においては、異方的な電磁界遮蔽を行なうことによって、効率的な遮蔽が行われる。 Further, the magnetic field strength rapidly attenuates in proportion to the cube of the distance from the wave source, while the electric field strength attenuates gradually in proportion to the square or the first power of the distance from the wave source. For this reason, in this embodiment, efficient shielding is performed by performing anisotropic electromagnetic field shielding.
上の実施形態において、コンデンサ１３２，２２２として、セラミックコンデンサ以外の種類のコンデンサを用いることができる。また、コイル１３１，２２１の両端を開放し、浮遊容量をコンデンサ１３２，２２２として用いることも可能である。 In the above embodiment, a capacitor other than a ceramic capacitor can be used as the capacitors 132 and 222. Further, both ends of the coils 131 and 221 can be opened, and the stray capacitance can be used as the capacitors 132 and 222.
上の実施形態において、送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１および受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２は、円板状であったが、正多角形の板状、矩形の板状、その他の形状であってもよい。電界遮蔽部材３３は、円筒状であったが、正多角筒状、各筒状、その他の形状であってもよい。 In the above embodiment, the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 31 and the power reception side magnetic shielding member 32 are disk-shaped, but may be a regular polygonal plate shape, a rectangular plate shape, or other shapes. The electric field shielding member 33 has a cylindrical shape, but may have a regular polygonal cylindrical shape, each cylindrical shape, or other shapes.
上に述べた実施形態において、電界遮蔽部材３３は、送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣに至るまでの円柱状の空間を囲むように配置されている。つまり、電界遮蔽部材３３は円筒面を形成する面状のものであるが、メッシュ状のものを用いてもよい。 In the embodiment described above, the electric field shielding member 33 is disposed so as to surround a cylindrical space from the power transmission system coil SC to the power reception system coil JC. That is, the electric field shielding member 33 is a planar member that forms a cylindrical surface, but a mesh member may be used.
すなわち、図７に示す無線電力伝送システム１Ｂにおいては、ステンレス鋼材からなるメッシュ状の電界遮蔽部材３３Ｂが用いられている。 That is, in the wireless power transmission system 1B shown in FIG. 7, a mesh-shaped electric field shielding member 33B made of stainless steel is used.
電界遮蔽部材３３Ｂのメッシュのピッチは、送電系コイルＳＣに供給される交流電力の波長に対して十分に短いものとなっている。例えば、メッシュのピッチは、波長の数分の１〜十数分の１程度である。円筒状のメッシュを用いる場合に、リング状のワイヤ間のピッチを十分に短くすることにより、電界遮蔽部材３３Ｂを軸方向に２個またはそれ以上に分断することも可能である。 The pitch of the mesh of the electric field shielding member 33B is sufficiently short with respect to the wavelength of the AC power supplied to the power transmission coil SC. For example, the pitch of the mesh is about one-tenth to one-tenth of the wavelength. When using a cylindrical mesh, the electric field shielding member 33B can be divided into two or more in the axial direction by sufficiently shortening the pitch between the ring-shaped wires.
次に、他の送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣの他の実施形態について説明する。 Next, other embodiments of other power transmission coil SC and power reception coil JC will be described.
図８に示す無線電力伝送システム１Ｃでは、送電系コイルＳＣＣとして、送電共振コイル１３Ｂが用いられ、送電共振コイル１３Ｂに直接に交流電圧源１１が接続されている。また、受電系コイルＪＣＣとして受電共振コイル２２Ｂが用いられ、受電共振コイル２２Ｂが直接にデバイス２１に接続されている。このような無線電力伝送システム１Ｃに、図１および図３に示した電磁波遮蔽装置３が設けられている。 In the wireless power transmission system 1C illustrated in FIG. 8, a power transmission resonance coil 13B is used as the power transmission coil SCC, and the AC voltage source 11 is directly connected to the power transmission resonance coil 13B. Further, a power receiving resonance coil 22B is used as the power receiving coil JCC, and the power receiving resonance coil 22B is directly connected to the device 21. Such a wireless power transmission system 1C is provided with the electromagnetic wave shielding device 3 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.
送電系コイルＳＣＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣＣが図８に示す形態であっても、電磁波遮蔽装置３を設けることによって、電磁波の不要な放射が抑えられ、電力輸送効率の低下ができるだけ抑えられる。 Even if the power transmission system coil SCC and the power reception system coil JCC are in the form shown in FIG. 8, by providing the electromagnetic wave shielding device 3, unnecessary radiation of electromagnetic waves can be suppressed, and a decrease in power transport efficiency can be suppressed as much as possible.
次に、上に説明した無線電力伝送システム１，１Ｂ，１Ｃを利用した充電システム２〜２Ｅについて説明する。 Next, charging systems 2-2E using the wireless power transmission systems 1, 1B, 1C described above will be described.
図９において、充電システム２は、給電装置５によって種々のモバイル機器６を充電する。 In FIG. 9, the charging system 2 charges various mobile devices 6 with the power supply device 5.
給電装置５は、底板５１ａ、側板５１ｂ，５１ｃ、上板５１ｄなどからなるハウジング５１の内部に、送電系コイルＳＣが設けられている。ハウジング５１は合成樹脂または木材などからなる。送電系コイルＳＣの下側に、磁性体からなる送電側磁気遮蔽部材５５が設けられている。そして、送電系コイルＳＣの周囲４面を囲むように、また上板５１ｄの上にモバイル機器６が載せられたときにその一部の周囲４面を囲むように、導電体からなる電界遮蔽部材５６，５７が設けられている。 The power feeding device 5 is provided with a power transmission coil SC inside a housing 51 including a bottom plate 51a, side plates 51b and 51c, an upper plate 51d, and the like. The housing 51 is made of synthetic resin or wood. A power transmission side magnetic shielding member 55 made of a magnetic material is provided below the power transmission system coil SC. Then, an electric field shielding member made of a conductor is formed so as to surround the four surrounding surfaces of the power transmission coil SC and so as to surround a part of the four surrounding surfaces when the mobile device 6 is placed on the upper plate 51d. 56 and 57 are provided.
給電装置５には、図示しない電源スイッチおよび交流電圧源などが備えられ、送電系コイルＳＣに対し必要に応じて交流電力が供給される。つまり、上板５１ａの上にモバイル機器６が載置されたことを検出するセンサが設けられており、その検出によって送電系コイルＳＣからモバイル機器６に向かって電磁エネルギが放射される。すなわち、上板５１ｄの上にモバイル機器６が載せられていないときは、送電系コイルＳＣに電力は供給されない。モバイル機器６が載せられたときに、それが検出され、送電系コイルＳＣに電力が供給される。 The power feeding device 5 includes a power switch and an AC voltage source (not shown), and AC power is supplied to the power transmission coil SC as necessary. That is, a sensor for detecting that the mobile device 6 is placed on the upper plate 51 a is provided, and electromagnetic energy is radiated from the power transmission coil SC toward the mobile device 6 by the detection. That is, when the mobile device 6 is not placed on the upper plate 51d, power is not supplied to the power transmission coil SC. When the mobile device 6 is placed, it is detected and power is supplied to the power transmission coil SC.
モバイル機器６は、裏板６１ａ、側板６１ｂ，６１ｃ、表板６１ｄなどからなるハウジング６１の内部に、給電装置５の送電系コイルＳＣと磁界共鳴して無線で電力を受電する受電系コイルＪＣが設けられている。ハウジング６１は合成樹脂などからなる。受電系コイルＪＣの上側に、磁性体からなる受電側磁気遮蔽部材６５が設けられている。 In the mobile device 6, a power receiving coil JC that receives power wirelessly through magnetic resonance with the power transmitting coil SC of the power feeding device 5 is provided in a housing 61 including a back plate 61 a, side plates 61 b and 61 c, and a front plate 61 d. Is provided. The housing 61 is made of synthetic resin or the like. A power receiving side magnetic shielding member 65 made of a magnetic material is provided above the power receiving coil JC.
モバイル機器６には、充電回路および二次電池などを備えた充電池ＤＴが設けられ、充電池ＤＴを電源としてモバイル機器６が動作するようになっている。 The mobile device 6 is provided with a rechargeable battery DT including a charging circuit and a secondary battery, and the mobile device 6 operates with the rechargeable battery DT as a power source.
図９（Ｂ）に示すように、給電装置５の上板５１ｄの上にモバイル機器６を載せることにより、送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣに向かって磁界共鳴により電力が伝送される。受電系コイルＪＣから出力される交流電力によって、充電池ＤＴが充電される。 As shown in FIG. 9B, by placing the mobile device 6 on the upper plate 51d of the power feeding device 5, power is transmitted from the power transmission system coil SC to the power reception system coil JC by magnetic field resonance. The rechargeable battery DT is charged by the AC power output from the power receiving coil JC.
送電側磁気遮蔽部材５５、電界遮蔽部材５６，５７、および受電側磁気遮蔽部材６５によって、電磁波遮蔽装置４が構成されている。 The electromagnetic wave shielding device 4 is configured by the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 55, the electric field shielding members 56 and 57, and the power receiving side magnetic shielding member 65.
なお、給電装置５に設けた電界遮蔽部材５６，５７は、上板５１ｄの上方に突出しているが、その突出部分をなくし、これに代えてモバイル機器６の側板６１ｂ，６１ｃに電界遮蔽部材５６，５７の一部を設けてもよい。 The electric field shielding members 56 and 57 provided in the power feeding device 5 protrude above the upper plate 51d, but the protruding portion is eliminated, and instead the electric field shielding members 56 are provided on the side plates 61b and 61c of the mobile device 6. , 57 may be provided.
また、給電装置５の上板５１ｄの上に１個のモバイル機器６が載るようになっているが、複数個のモバイル機器６を載せてそれらに内蔵された複数の受電系コイルＪＣに同時に電力を伝送するようにしてもよい。その場合に、送電系コイルＳＣを受電系コイルＪＣよりも大きくし、複数の受電系コイルＪＣが送電系コイルＳＣと対向するようにすればよい。または、複数の送電系コイルＳＣを配置すればよい。 In addition, one mobile device 6 is mounted on the upper plate 51d of the power feeding device 5. However, a plurality of mobile devices 6 are mounted and power is simultaneously supplied to a plurality of power receiving coils JC built in them. May be transmitted. In that case, the power transmission system coil SC may be made larger than the power reception system coil JC, and a plurality of power reception system coils JC may be opposed to the power transmission system coil SC. Alternatively, a plurality of power transmission coils SC may be arranged.
図１０において、充電システム２Ｂは、給電装置５Ｂによって種々のモバイル機器６を充電する。図９に示す例と同様の機能を有する部分には同様の符号を付して説明を省略しまたは簡略化する。以下同様である。 In FIG. 10, the charging system 2B charges various mobile devices 6 with the power supply device 5B. Parts having the same functions as those in the example shown in FIG. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted or simplified. The same applies hereinafter.
給電装置５Ｂは、底板５１ａ、側板５１ｂ，５１ｃ、上板５１ｄ、スライド板５１ｅ、蓋板５１ｆ、天板５１ｇなどからなるハウジング５１の内部に、送電系コイルＳＣが設けられている。ハウジング５１は合成樹脂などからなる。送電系コイルＳＣの下側に、磁性体からなる送電側磁気遮蔽部材５５が設けられている。そして、送電系コイルＳＣの周囲４面を囲むように、また上板５１ｄの上にモバイル機器６が載せられたときにその一部の周囲４面を囲むように、導電体からなる電界遮蔽部材５６，５７，５７ｂが設けられている。 In the power feeding device 5B, a power transmission coil SC is provided inside a housing 51 including a bottom plate 51a, side plates 51b and 51c, an upper plate 51d, a slide plate 51e, a lid plate 51f, a top plate 51g, and the like. The housing 51 is made of synthetic resin or the like. A power transmission side magnetic shielding member 55 made of a magnetic material is provided below the power transmission system coil SC. Then, an electric field shielding member made of a conductor is formed so as to surround the four surrounding surfaces of the power transmission coil SC and so as to surround a part of the four surrounding surfaces when the mobile device 6 is placed on the upper plate 51d. 56, 57, 57b are provided.
モバイル機器６は、ハウジング６１の内部に、給電装置５の送電系コイルＳＣと磁界共鳴して無線で電力を受電する受電系コイルＪＣが設けられている。受電系コイルＪＣの上側に、磁性体からなる受電側磁気遮蔽部材６５が設けられている。 In the mobile device 6, a power receiving coil JC that wirelessly receives power by magnetic field resonance with the power transmitting coil SC of the power feeding device 5 is provided inside the housing 61. A power receiving side magnetic shielding member 65 made of a magnetic material is provided above the power receiving coil JC.
図１０（Ｂ）に示すように、給電装置５のスライド板５１ｅの上にモバイル機器６を載せ、スライド板５１ｅを給電装置５の上板５１ｄの上にスライドさせて押し込む。この状態がセンサなどによって検出され、送電系コイルＳＣに電力が供給され、送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣに向かって磁界共鳴によって電力が伝送される。 As shown in FIG. 10B, the mobile device 6 is placed on the slide plate 51e of the power feeding device 5, and the slide plate 51e is slid onto the upper plate 51d of the power feeding device 5 and pushed. This state is detected by a sensor or the like, power is supplied to the power transmission coil SC, and power is transmitted from the power transmission coil SC to the power reception coil JC by magnetic field resonance.
図１１において、充電システム２Ｃは、給電装置５Ｃによって種々のモバイル機器６を充電する。 In FIG. 11, the charging system 2 </ b> C charges various mobile devices 6 with the power feeding device 5 </ b> C.
給電装置５Ｃは、底板５１ａ、側板５１ｂ，５１ｃ、上板５１ｄ、蓋板５１ｅ，５１ｆなどからなるハウジング５１の内部に、送電系コイルＳＣが設けられている。ハウジング５１は合成樹脂などからなる。送電系コイルＳＣの下側に、磁性体からなる送電側磁気遮蔽部材５５が設けられている。そして、送電系コイルＳＣの周囲４面を囲むように、また上板５１ｄの上にモバイル機器６が載せられたときにその一部の周囲４面を囲むように、導電体からなる電界遮蔽部材５６，５７，５７ｂが設けられている。 In the power feeding device 5C, a power transmission coil SC is provided inside a housing 51 including a bottom plate 51a, side plates 51b and 51c, an upper plate 51d, lid plates 51e and 51f, and the like. The housing 51 is made of synthetic resin or the like. A power transmission side magnetic shielding member 55 made of a magnetic material is provided below the power transmission system coil SC. Then, an electric field shielding member made of a conductor is formed so as to surround the four surrounding surfaces of the power transmission coil SC and so as to surround a part of the four surrounding surfaces when the mobile device 6 is placed on the upper plate 51d. 56, 57, 57b are provided.
送電側磁気遮蔽部材５５、電界遮蔽部材５６，５７，５７ｂ、および受電側磁気遮蔽部材６５によって、電磁波遮蔽装置４Ｃが構成されている。 The power transmission side magnetic shielding member 55, the electric field shielding members 56, 57, and 57b, and the power receiving side magnetic shielding member 65 constitute an electromagnetic wave shielding device 4C.
モバイル機器６は、ハウジング６１の内部に、給電装置５の送電系コイルＳＣと磁界共鳴して無線で電力を受電する受電系コイルＪＣが設けられている。受電系コイルＪＣの上側に、磁性体からなる受電側磁気遮蔽部材６５が設けられている。 In the mobile device 6, a power receiving coil JC that wirelessly receives power by magnetic field resonance with the power transmitting coil SC of the power feeding device 5 is provided inside the housing 61. A power receiving side magnetic shielding member 65 made of a magnetic material is provided above the power receiving coil JC.
図１１（Ｂ）に示すように、給電装置５の上板５１ｄの上にモバイル機器６を載せ、蓋板５１ｅ，５１ｆを閉じる。この状態がセンサなどによって検出され、送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣに向かって磁界共鳴によって電力が伝送される。 As shown in FIG. 11B, the mobile device 6 is placed on the upper plate 51d of the power feeding device 5, and the lid plates 51e and 51f are closed. This state is detected by a sensor or the like, and electric power is transmitted from the power transmission system coil SC to the power reception system coil JC by magnetic field resonance.
図１２において、充電システム２Ｄは、給電装置５Ｄによって、電気自動車などの種々の車両７を充電する。 In FIG. 12, the charging system 2D charges various vehicles 7 such as an electric vehicle with the power feeding device 5D.
給電装置５Ｄは、底板５１ａ、側板５１ｂ，５１ｃ、上板５１ｄなどからなるハウジング５１の内部に、送電系コイルＳＣが設けられている。送電系コイルＳＣの下側に、磁性体からなる送電側磁気遮蔽部材５５が設けられている。そして、送電系コイルＳＣの周囲４面を囲むように、固定された電界遮蔽部材５６ａ，５７ａ、およびスライド可能な電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂが設けられている。スライド可能な電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂは、上板５１ｄの上に車両７が載ったときに上方へスライド移動し、車両７の一部の周囲４面を囲む。 In the power feeding device 5D, a power transmission coil SC is provided inside a housing 51 including a bottom plate 51a, side plates 51b and 51c, an upper plate 51d, and the like. A power transmission side magnetic shielding member 55 made of a magnetic material is provided below the power transmission system coil SC. Then, fixed electric field shielding members 56a and 57a and slidable electric field shielding members 56b and 57b are provided so as to surround the four surfaces around the power transmission coil SC. The slidable electric field shielding members 56b and 57b slide and move upward when the vehicle 7 is placed on the upper plate 51d, and surround a portion of the periphery 4 of the vehicle 7.
給電装置５Ｄには、図示しない電源スイッチおよび交流電圧源などが備えられ、送電系コイルＳＣに対し必要に応じて交流電力が供給される。また、上板５１ａの上に車両７が載ったことを検出するセンサが設けられており、その検出によって送電系コイルＳＣから車両７に向かって電磁エネルギが放射される。 The power supply device 5D includes a power switch and an AC voltage source (not shown), and AC power is supplied to the power transmission coil SC as necessary. In addition, a sensor for detecting that the vehicle 7 is placed on the upper plate 51 a is provided, and electromagnetic energy is radiated from the power transmission coil SC toward the vehicle 7 by the detection.
車両７は、その車体ＳＴに、裏板６１ａ、側板６１ｂ，６１ｃ、表板６１ｄなどからなるハウジング６１が設けられる。ハウジング６１の内部に、給電装置５の送電系コイルＳＣと磁界共鳴して無線で電力を受電する受電系コイルＪＣが設けられている。受電系コイルＪＣの上側に、磁性体からなる受電側磁気遮蔽部材６５が設けられている。 The vehicle 7 is provided with a housing 61 including a back plate 61a, side plates 61b and 61c, a front plate 61d, and the like on the vehicle body ST. Inside the housing 61, a power receiving coil JC that wirelessly receives power by magnetic field resonance with the power transmitting coil SC of the power feeding device 5 is provided. A power receiving side magnetic shielding member 65 made of a magnetic material is provided above the power receiving coil JC.
車両７には、充電回路および二次電池などを備えた充電池ＤＴが設けられ、充電池ＤＴを電源として車両７が走行しまた動作するようになっている。 The vehicle 7 is provided with a rechargeable battery DT including a charging circuit and a secondary battery, and the vehicle 7 travels and operates using the rechargeable battery DT as a power source.
なお、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣとして、直径が例えば５００ｍｍ程度のものを用いることができる。 In addition, as the power transmission coil SC and the power receiving coil JC, those having a diameter of, for example, about 500 mm can be used.
送電側磁気遮蔽部材５５、電界遮蔽部材５６，５６ｂ，５７，５７ｂ、および受電側磁気遮蔽部材６５によって、電磁波遮蔽装置４Ｄが構成されている。 The electromagnetic wave shielding device 4D is configured by the power transmission side magnetic shielding member 55, the electric field shielding members 56, 56b, 57, 57b, and the power receiving side magnetic shielding member 65.
図１２（Ｂ）に示すように、給電装置５の上板５１ｄの上に車両７が侵入すると、それが検出され、電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂが自動的に上方へスライド移動し、その後、送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣに向かって磁界共鳴により電力が伝送される。受電系コイルＪＣから出力される交流電力によって、充電池ＤＴが充電される。 As shown in FIG. 12B, when the vehicle 7 enters the upper plate 51d of the power feeding device 5, it is detected, and the electric field shielding members 56b and 57b are automatically slid upward, and then the power transmission Electric power is transmitted from the system coil SC toward the power receiving system coil JC by magnetic field resonance. The rechargeable battery DT is charged by the AC power output from the power receiving coil JC.
一般に、車両７の車体ＳＴは金属体で構成されている。したがって、車両７においては車体ＳＴが電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂの役目を果たすので、図１３に示すように電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂの長さを短くしてもよい。 Generally, the vehicle body ST of the vehicle 7 is made of a metal body. Therefore, since the vehicle body ST serves as the electric field shielding members 56b and 57b in the vehicle 7, the lengths of the electric field shielding members 56b and 57b may be shortened as shown in FIG.
つまり、図１３において、電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂは、その上端が、車体ＳＴの下端（底面）の位置とほぼ同じとされている。このようにすると、電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂによる突出部分が少なくなり、電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂの移動量も少なくてすむ。 That is, in FIG. 13, the upper ends of the electric field shielding members 56b and 57b are substantially the same as the position of the lower end (bottom surface) of the vehicle body ST. In this way, the protruding portions by the electric field shielding members 56b and 57b are reduced, and the amount of movement of the electric field shielding members 56b and 57b can be reduced.
図１２および図１３に示す例では、電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂをスライド可能としたので、車両７は、図の左右いずれの方向からも侵入しまたは発車することができる。しかし、一方の側からのみ侵入しまたは発車するのであれば、電界遮蔽部材５６ｂ，５７ｂのいずれか一方のみをスライド可能とし、他方を固定とすることができる。 In the example shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, since the electric field shielding members 56b and 57b are slidable, the vehicle 7 can enter or depart from either the left or right direction in the figure. However, if the vehicle enters only from one side or departs, only one of the electric field shielding members 56b and 57b can be slid and the other can be fixed.
すなわち、図１４に示す充電システム２Ｅにおいて、給電装置５Ｅは、３方の電界遮蔽部材５６が固定され、一方の電界遮蔽部材５７ｂのみがスライド可能となっている。図１４（Ａ）に示すように、非充電時において、電界遮蔽部材５７ｂは下端位置にある。車両７が侵入した後で、図１４（Ｂ）に示すように、電界遮蔽部材５７ｂは上方にスライド移動し、この状態で充電池ＤＴの充電が行われる。 That is, in the charging system 2E shown in FIG. 14, the electric power feeding device 5E has three electric field shielding members 56 fixed thereto, and only one electric field shielding member 57b is slidable. As shown in FIG. 14A, the electric field shielding member 57b is in the lower end position during non-charging. After the vehicle 7 enters, as shown in FIG. 14B, the electric field shielding member 57b slides upward, and the rechargeable battery DT is charged in this state.
なお、この場合に、給電装置５に、車両７をＵターンさせるためのターンテーブルを設けてもよい。 In this case, the power feeding device 5 may be provided with a turntable for making the vehicle 7 make a U-turn.
上に述べたいずれの実施形態においても、電磁波遮蔽装置３，４によって、電磁波の不要な放射が抑えられ、電力輸送効率の低下が抑えられる。例えば、磁界ＫＫおよび電界ＤＫともに、−４０ｄＢ程度の減衰を与えるように遮蔽可能である。また、従来のように空間の全体を囲む必要がないので、軽量化および低コスト化が可能である。 In any of the above-described embodiments, the electromagnetic wave shielding devices 3 and 4 suppress unnecessary radiation of electromagnetic waves and suppress a decrease in power transport efficiency. For example, both the magnetic field KK and the electric field DK can be shielded so as to give an attenuation of about −40 dB. Further, since it is not necessary to enclose the entire space as in the prior art, it is possible to reduce the weight and cost.
上の実施形態において、送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣに対し、直接的に磁界共鳴による電力の伝送を行ったが、送電系コイルＳＣおよび受電系コイルＪＣと磁界共鳴する中継用コイルを設け、中継用コイルを介して間接形に電力の伝送を行ってもよい。これによると、送電系コイルＳＣと受電系コイルＪＣとの配置の自由度が向上する。 In the above embodiment, power is directly transmitted from the power transmission coil SC to the power reception coil JC by magnetic field resonance, but a relay coil that magnetically resonates with the power transmission coil SC and the power reception coil JC is provided. The power may be transmitted indirectly through a relay coil. According to this, the freedom degree of arrangement | positioning with the power transmission system coil SC and the power receiving system coil JC improves.
上の実施形態においては、送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣに対し、磁界共鳴を利用して電力の伝送を行う例について説明した。しかし、磁界共鳴を利用することなく、磁界による電磁誘導を利用した電力の伝送についても、本発明を適用することができる。つまり、送電系コイルＳＣから受電系コイルＪＣへ電磁誘導によって電力の伝送を行う場合に、上に説明した電磁波遮蔽装置３，４を用いることによって、電磁波の不要な放射を抑え、かつ電力輸送効率の低下をできるだけ抑えることができる。 In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which power is transmitted from the power transmission system coil SC to the power reception system coil JC using magnetic field resonance. However, the present invention can be applied to power transmission using electromagnetic induction by a magnetic field without using magnetic field resonance. That is, when power is transmitted from the power transmission coil SC to the power reception coil JC by electromagnetic induction, unnecessary electromagnetic radiation is suppressed and power transport efficiency is reduced by using the electromagnetic wave shielding devices 3 and 4 described above. Can be suppressed as much as possible.
上の実施形態においては、給電装置５によってモバイル機器６または車両７の充電を行ったが、自走ロボット、その他の機器、装置、または物体に対し、無線で電力を供給することが可能である。 In the above embodiment, the mobile device 6 or the vehicle 7 is charged by the power supply device 5. However, it is possible to supply power wirelessly to a self-propelled robot, other devices, devices, or objects. .
その他、送電側磁気遮蔽部材３１，５５、受電側磁気遮蔽部材３２，６５、電界遮蔽部材３３，５６，５７、電力供給コイル１２、送電共振コイル１３、送電系コイルＳＣ、受電系コイルＪＣ、電磁波遮蔽装置３，４、給電装置５、モバイル機器６、車両７、または無線電力伝送システム１の各部または全体の構成、構造、回路、形状、個数、材料、配置などは、本発明の主旨に沿って適宜変更することができる。 In addition, power transmission side magnetic shielding members 31, 55, power reception side magnetic shielding members 32, 65, electric field shielding members 33, 56, 57, power supply coil 12, power transmission resonance coil 13, power transmission system coil SC, power reception system coil JC, electromagnetic wave The configuration, structure, circuit, shape, number, material, arrangement, etc. of each part or the whole of the shielding devices 3 and 4, the power feeding device 5, the mobile device 6, the vehicle 7, or the wireless power transmission system 1 are in accordance with the gist of the present invention. Can be changed as appropriate.
１，１Ｂ，１Ｃ 無線電力伝送システム
３，３Ｂ，３Ｃ 電磁波遮蔽装置
４，４Ｂ〜４Ｅ 電磁波遮蔽装置
５，５Ｂ〜５Ｅ 給電装置（無線電力送電装置、無線電力伝送システム）
６ モバイル機器（無線電力伝送システム）
７ 車両（無線電力伝送システム）
１１ 交流電圧源
１２ 電力供給コイル
１３ 送電共振コイル
２１ デバイス
２２ 受電共振コイル
２３ 電力取出コイル
３１ 送電側磁気遮蔽部材（磁性体）
３２ 受電側磁気遮蔽部材（磁性体）
３３ 電界遮蔽部材（導電体）
５５ 送電側磁気遮蔽部材（磁性体）
５６ 電界遮蔽部材（導電体）
５７ 電界遮蔽部材（導電体）
６５ 受電側磁気遮蔽部材（磁性体）
ＳＣ 送電系コイル
ＪＣ 受電系コイル
ＤＴ 充電池
ＫＫ 磁界
ＤＫ 電界
1, 1B, 1C Wireless power transmission system 3, 3B, 3C Electromagnetic wave shielding device 4, 4B-4E Electromagnetic wave shielding device 5, 5B-5E Power feeding device (wireless power transmission device, wireless power transmission system)
6 Mobile devices (wireless power transmission system)
7 Vehicle (wireless power transmission system)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 AC voltage source 12 Power supply coil 13 Power transmission resonance coil 21 Device 22 Power reception resonance coil 23 Power extraction coil 31 Power transmission side magnetic shielding member (magnetic material)
32 Power receiving side magnetic shielding member (magnetic material)
33 Electric field shielding member (conductor)
55 Power transmission side magnetic shielding member (magnetic material)
56 Electric field shielding member (conductor)
57 Electric field shielding member (conductor)
65 Power-receiving-side magnetic shielding member (magnetic material)
SC Power transmission coil JC Power reception coil DT Rechargeable battery KK Magnetic field DK Electric field
Claims (11)
前記送電系コイルにおける、当該送電系コイルによる送電側と反対側に、磁性体を配置し、
前記送電系コイルによる送電方向と直交する側に導電体を配置する、
無線電力伝送システムにおける電磁波遮蔽方法。 In an electromagnetic wave shielding method in a wireless power transmission system that wirelessly transmits power from a power transmission coil to a power reception coil using a magnetic field,
In the power transmission coil, on the side opposite to the power transmission side by the power transmission coil, a magnetic body is disposed,
Arranging a conductor on the side perpendicular to the power transmission direction by the power transmission coil;
An electromagnetic wave shielding method in a wireless power transmission system.
請求項１記載の無線電力伝送システムにおける電磁波遮蔽方法。 In the power receiving coil, a magnetic material is disposed on the side opposite to the power receiving side by the power receiving coil.
The electromagnetic wave shielding method in the wireless power transmission system according to claim 1.
請求項２記載の無線電力伝送システムにおける電磁波遮蔽方法。 The electrical resistance of the magnetic material is greater than the electrical resistance of the conductor,
The electromagnetic wave shielding method in the wireless power transmission system according to claim 2.
請求項１ないし３のいずれかに記載の無線電力伝送システムにおける電磁波遮蔽方法。 A nonmagnetic metal is used as the conductor.
The electromagnetic wave shielding method in the wireless power transmission system according to claim 1.
前記送電系コイルにおける当該送電系コイルによる送電側と反対側に配置された磁性体からなる送電側磁気遮蔽部材と、
前記受電系コイルにおける当該受電系コイルによる受電側と反対側に配置された磁性体からなる受電側磁気遮蔽部材と、
前記送電系コイルによる送電方向と直交する側に配置された導電体からなる電界遮蔽部材と、
を有する無線電力伝送システムにおける電磁波遮蔽装置。 In an electromagnetic wave shielding device in a wireless power transmission system that wirelessly transmits power from a power transmission coil to a power reception coil using a magnetic field,
A power transmission side magnetic shielding member made of a magnetic material disposed on the side opposite to the power transmission side by the power transmission system coil in the power transmission system coil;
A power receiving side magnetic shielding member made of a magnetic material disposed on a side opposite to a power receiving side of the power receiving system coil in the power receiving system coil;
An electric field shielding member made of a conductor disposed on the side perpendicular to the direction of power transmission by the power transmission coil;
An electromagnetic shielding device in a wireless power transmission system.
前記送電系コイルとの磁界を介した相互作用により前記送電系コイルから無線で電力を受電する受電系コイルと、
前記送電系コイルにおける当該送電系コイルによる送電側と反対側に配置された磁性体からなる送電側磁気遮蔽部材と、
前記受電系コイルにおける当該受電系コイルによる受電側と反対側に配置された磁性体からなる受電側磁気遮蔽部材と、
前記送電系コイルによる送電方向と直交する側に配置された導電体からなる電界遮蔽部材と、
を有する無線電力伝送システム。 A power transmission coil;
A power receiving coil that wirelessly receives power from the power transmitting coil by interaction with the power transmitting coil via a magnetic field;
A power transmission side magnetic shielding member made of a magnetic material disposed on the side opposite to the power transmission side by the power transmission system coil in the power transmission system coil;
A power receiving side magnetic shielding member made of a magnetic material disposed on a side opposite to a power receiving side of the power receiving system coil in the power receiving system coil;
An electric field shielding member made of a conductor disposed on the side perpendicular to the direction of power transmission by the power transmission coil;
A wireless power transmission system.
前記送電系コイルにおける当該送電系コイルによる送電側と反対側に配置された磁性体からなる磁気遮蔽部材と、
前記送電系コイルによる送電方向と直交する側に配置された導電体からなる電界遮蔽部材と、
を有する無線電力送電装置。 A power transmission system coil for wirelessly transmitting power to the power reception system coil through interaction with an external power reception system coil via a magnetic field;
A magnetic shielding member made of a magnetic material disposed on the side opposite to the power transmission side by the power transmission system coil in the power transmission system coil;
An electric field shielding member made of a conductor disposed on the side perpendicular to the direction of power transmission by the power transmission coil;
A wireless power transmission device.
請求項７記載の無線電力伝送システムにおける電磁波遮蔽方法。 The electrical resistance of the magnetic shielding member is greater than the electrical resistance of the electric field shielding member,
The electromagnetic wave shielding method in the wireless power transmission system according to claim 7.
請求項７または８記載の無線電力送電装置。 The electric field shielding member is disposed so as to surround a space from the power transmission system coil to the power reception system coil disposed outside.
The wireless power transmission device according to claim 7 or 8.
請求項７ないし９のいずれかに記載の無線電力送電装置。 Non-magnetic metal was used as the electric field shielding member,
The wireless power transmission apparatus according to claim 7.
請求項７ないし１０のいずれかに記載の無線電力送電装置。 Ferrite was used as the magnetic shielding member,
The wireless power transmission apparatus according to claim 7.
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