JP2011019067A - Antenna device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an antenna device which allows more simple configuration of a circuit for detecting the incoming direction of radio waves from an antenna to be a communication object, and can detect the incoming direction of radio waves from the antenna to be the communication object two-dimensionally.SOLUTION: The antenna device 100 detects the incoming direction of the radio wave from the antenna to be the communication object, from a normal vector of a phase distribution of such a plane which is represented by a linear of antenna element coordinates obtained from a difference between a phase amount to be set for respective element antennas 1-m, n (m=1, 2, 3, ..., M and n=1, 2, 3, ..., N) to form a main beam of a phased array antenna in a predetermined direction and a phase amount of an electric field of each element antenna obtained from a reception signal of the phased array antenna, and the predetermined direction in which the main beam is formed.

Description

  The present invention relates to an antenna device including a phased array antenna.

  For example, when communicating between a phased array antenna mounted on a moving body such as an aircraft and an antenna mounted on a ship or vehicle, a ground station antenna, etc. It is necessary to accurately capture the target antenna and to control the direction of the antenna beam. Conventionally, as a method of capturing an antenna to be communicated and performing antenna beam direction control, the excitation distribution of the sum pattern and difference pattern of beacon radio waves transmitted from the antenna to be communicated is set in the beam forming circuit of the phased array antenna. There is a method of obtaining a beam pointing error signal based on the arrival direction of the beacon radio wave by performing signal processing after combining the outputs and performing signal processing (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  As another conventional method for detecting the direction of arrival of radio waves from the antenna to be communicated, the element electric field vector rotation method is applied to the element antenna of the phased array antenna, and the phase amount of the phase shifter of each element antenna There is a method for obtaining the arrival direction of radio waves from the antenna to be communicated by the following equation (1) from the distance between the element antennas and the phase difference between the element antennas calculated from the obtained phase amount (for example, Patent Document 2).

θ = sin ⁻¹ (λφ _ab / 2πd _ab ) (1)

Where λ is the wavelength of the radio wave from the antenna to be communicated, φ _ab is the phase difference between the element antennas, and d _ab is the distance between the element antennas.

JP 2003-298333 A JP-A-5-259727

  In the conventional method for capturing the antenna to be communicated and controlling the antenna beam direction as described above, a synthesis circuit for obtaining the sum pattern and difference pattern output of the beacon radio wave transmitted from the antenna to be communicated is provided. Since each is required, a circuit of a different system from the communication circuit is required. Further, in order to obtain a two-dimensional beam pointing error signal, a synthesis circuit for obtaining the output of the sum pattern and the difference pattern corresponding to each angle component is required, so that the circuit configuration becomes complicated. there were. In addition, when the difference between the direction of arrival of the beacon radio wave and the center direction of the difference pattern is large, the detection error of the beam pointing error signal detected using the output of the sum pattern and the difference pattern becomes large. There was also.

  In another conventional method for detecting the arrival direction of a radio wave from an antenna to be communicated, a plane including an element antenna for measuring a phase amount in order to calculate the arrival direction of the radio wave using the above equation (1) There is a problem that only the direction of arrival of radio waves within the plane (the plane along the propagation direction of radio waves) can be obtained.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. The circuit for detecting the direction of arrival of a radio wave from an antenna to be communicated has a simpler configuration, and the antenna from the antenna to be communicated has been made. The object is to obtain an antenna device capable of two-dimensionally detecting the direction of arrival of radio waves.

  The present invention includes an array antenna composed of a plurality of element antennas, a phase shifter that is provided for each of the element antennas and that changes the amount of each phase, a phase shifter control device that controls a set phase of each of the phase shifters, and the above An antenna apparatus including a phased array antenna configured by a beam forming circuit including a power distribution / combination circuit that performs distribution / combination of input / output signals to / from each phase shifter, each element connected to the power distribution / combination circuit A detection circuit for detecting a reception signal of an antenna, an angle storage device for storing a direction based on position information of at least one antenna to be measured that emits a main beam formed by a plurality of element antennas of the phased array antenna, and An initial phase calculation device for calculating a phase amount set for each element antenna in order to form a main beam in the direction stored in the angle storage device. And an element electric field phase calculation device that obtains a phase amount of the opposite sign of the phase amount of the received electric field of each element antenna from the reception signal of the phased array antenna by radio waves from the at least one antenna to be measured based on detection of the detection circuit A difference phase calculation device that takes the difference between the phase amount of the initial phase calculation device of each element antenna and the phase amount of the element electric field phase calculation device, and antenna element coordinates from the distribution of the difference phase amount of the difference phase calculation device An optimal phase plane computing device that obtains a phase distribution of a plane as represented by a linear expression of: a normal vector computing device that obtains a normal vector of the phase distribution of the plane; the normal vector and the angle storage device An antenna apparatus or the like comprising a radio wave arrival direction calculation device that obtains an actual radio wave arrival direction using the direction stored in (1).

  In the present invention, a circuit for detecting the direction of arrival of radio waves from an antenna to be communicated can be made simpler, and the direction of arrival of radio waves from an antenna to be communicated can be detected two-dimensionally. An antenna device can be provided.

It is the figure which showed the structure of the antenna apparatus by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the condition of the measurement in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the coordinate system of the measurement in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the antenna device by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the condition of the measurement in Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the antenna apparatus by Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the condition of the measurement in Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the antenna device by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the condition of the measurement in Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the antenna device by Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the antenna device by Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the condition of the 1st measurement in Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the condition of the 2nd measurement in Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is the figure which showed the structure of the antenna device by Embodiment 9 of this invention. It is the figure which showed an example of the structure of the switch of FIG.

  In the antenna device according to the present invention, the phase amount set for each element antenna to form the main beam of the phased array antenna in a predetermined direction, and the phase amount of the electric field of each element antenna obtained from the received signal of the phased array antenna The arrival of radio waves from the antenna to be communicated from the normal vector of the phase distribution of the plane as expressed by the linear expression of the antenna element coordinates obtained from the difference between the two and the predetermined direction in which the main beam is formed Detect direction.

  Hereinafter, an antenna device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings according to each embodiment. In addition, in each embodiment, the same or equivalent part is shown with the same code | symbol, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the antenna device 100 of FIG. 1, a plurality of element antennas 1-m, n (m = 1, 2, 3,...) That are installed on the aperture surface of the antenna and constitute, for example, an m × n planar array antenna. , M, n = 1, 2, 3,..., N), phase shifters 2-m, n (m = 1, 2, 3,. , M, n = 1, 2, 3,..., N) are connected. These phase shifters 2-m, n are connected to a power distribution / combination circuit 4 that combines and distributes input / output signals to / from each phase shifter, and a detection circuit 6 is connected to the power distribution / combination circuit 4. . Each phase shifter 2-m, n is connected to a phase shifter control device 3 that controls these set phase amounts. Each phase shifter 2-m, n, power distribution / combination circuit 4, and phase shifter control device 3 are collectively referred to as a beam forming circuit 5, and each element antenna 1-m, n is further referred to as a phased array antenna. .

  An initial phase calculation device 8 is connected to the phase shifter control device 3, and an angle storage device 7 that stores a predetermined direction for forming the main beam of the phased array antenna is connected to the initial phase calculation device 8. The initial phase calculation device 8 calculates the phase amount set for each element antenna 1-m, n in order to form the main beam of the phased array antenna in the direction determined by the angle storage device 7. Connected to the detection circuit 6 is an element electric field phase calculation device 9 that obtains the amount of the opposite sign of the phase amount of the reception electric field of each element antenna from the reception signal of the phased array antenna. The element electric field phase calculation device 9 is connected to a differential phase calculation device 10 for calculating the difference between the phase amounts obtained by the initial phase calculation device 8 and the element electric field phase calculation device 9.

  An optimum phase plane computing device 11 is connected to the differential phase computing device 10, and the optimum phase plane computing device 11 determines the position of each element antenna 1 -m, n from the distribution of the differential phase amount obtained by the difference phase computing device 10. This is a device for obtaining a phase distribution on a plane as expressed by a linear expression of coordinates. Connected to the optimum phase plane arithmetic unit 11 is a normal vector arithmetic unit 12 for obtaining a normal vector of the phase plane obtained by the optimum phase plane arithmetic unit 11. An angle storage device 7 and a normal vector calculation device 12 are connected to the radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13, and the normal vector obtained by the normal vector calculation device 12 and the direction stored in the angle storage device 7 are used. It is a device that determines the direction of arrival of radio waves.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. Now, consider a case in which an arrival direction of radio waves radiated from another antenna 15 to be measured is obtained in an aircraft 14 equipped with the antenna device 100 as shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a measurement coordinate system based on the opening surface of the phased array antenna. Here, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, a planar array antenna is considered as the array antenna. Now, the direction of the measurement target antenna 15 viewed from the array antenna of the antenna device 100 mounted on the aircraft 14 obtained from the rough position information of the aircraft 14 and the measurement target antenna 15 is (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ) [elevation angle, azimuth angle] ] Is stored in the angle storage device 7. Next, in order to form the main beam of the phased array antenna in the direction (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ) stored in the angle storage device 7, the phase set for each element antenna 1 -m, n is set to the initial phase calculation device 8. Calculate with That is, the initial phase calculation device 8 obtains the phase amount φ _mn represented by the following equation (1).

_{φ mn = - (k 0 x} mn sinξ 0 + k 0 y mn cosξ 0 sinη 0) -φ 0mn (1)

However, k ₀ denotes waves wavenumber emitted from the measurement object antenna _{15, (x mn, y mn} ) each element antenna 1-m, the x and y coordinates of the installation position of the n respectively. Φ 0 _mn is a phase amount for correcting a phase error in the phase shifter 2-m, n connected to each element antenna 1-m, n and the feed line. In normal phased array antenna operation, It is a memorized amount. Based on the above equation (1), the set phase of each phase shifter 2-m, n is changed by the phase shifter control device 3, and the main beam of the phased array antenna is formed in the (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ) direction. .

Next, in the element electric field phase calculation device 9, for example, the detection circuit 6 detects a change in received power when the set phase of each phase shifter 2-m, n of the phased array antenna is rotated 360 degrees, the ratio r of the maximum value and the minimum value of the received power, the following equation from the phase amount delta ₀ giving the maximum value of the received power (2), each element antenna connected to the phase shifter with (3) 1- The relative phase value X with respect to the combined electric field phase of the phase of the received electric field of m, n is obtained, and the phase amount φ _mn ′ of the opposite sign of the obtained phase value X is obtained.

X = tan ⁻¹ {sinΔ ₀ / (cosΔ ₀ + Γ)} (2)
Γ = {(r−1) / (r + 1)} (3)

  This method is called an element electric field vector rotation method, and is known as an “antenna measurement method” (see, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-93267).

Assuming that the actual direction of the antenna 15 to be measured as viewed from the aircraft 14 is (ξ ₀ + Δξ, η ₀ + Δη), the phase amount obtained using the above equations (2) and (3) is theoretically

k ₀ x _mn sin (ξ ₀ + Δξ) + k ₀ y _mn cos (ξ ₀ + Δξ) sin (η ₀ + Δη) + φ _{0 mn} (4)

The phase amount φ _mn ′ obtained by the element electric field phase calculation device 9 can be expressed by the following equation (5).

φ _mn '=-{k ₀ x _mn sin (ξ ₀ + Δξ) +
k ₀ y _mn cos (ξ ₀ + Δξ) sin (η ₀ + Δη)} − φ _{0 mn} (5)

The above equation (5) includes the phase shifter 2-m, n connected to each element antenna 1-m, n and the phase error φ _0mn in the feed line. difference [Delta] [phi _mn of the difference of the phase amount and phi _{mn 'obtained} by the phase amount obtained by the arithmetic unit 10 in the initial phase calculating unit 8 phi _mn and the element field phase arithmetic unit 9, i.e. above formula (1) and (5) The following formula (6) is calculated as follows.

Δφ _mn = φ _mn '-φ _mn
= −k ₀ x _mn sin (ξ ₀ + Δξ) −k ₀ y _mn cos (ξ ₀ + Δξ) sin (η ₀ + Δη)
+ K ₀ x _mn sinξ ₀ + k ₀ y _mn cosξ ₀ sinη ₀ (6)

In the optimum phase plane computing device 11, the linear expression of the optimum element antenna coordinates (k ₀ x _mn , k ₀ y _mn ) is actually obtained for the differential phase amount Δφ _{mn including the} measurement error.

ak ₀ x _mn + bk ₀ y _mn + c + Δφ _mn = 0 (7)

  The coefficients a and b of the planar phase distribution represented by This is possible by obtaining a, b, and c that minimize the following equation (8).

  The above equation (8) can be obtained as the following equation (9) by the least square method, for example.

  When the coefficients of the above equations (6) and (7) are compared, the following equation (10) is obtained.

a = sin (ξ ₀ + Δξ) −sinξ ₀
b = cos (ξ ₀ + Δξ) sin (η ₀ + Δη) −cosξ ₀ sin η ₀ (10)
c = 0

The normal vector computing device 12 obtains the normal vector of the phase plane obtained by the optimum phase plane computing device 11. Since the normal vector of the plane represented by the form of the above equation (7) is (a, b, 1), the component is expressed by the position coordinate and the difference of each element antenna 1-m, n according to the above equation (9). It can be easily obtained from the phase amount Δφ _mn . In the radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13, each component (a, b, 1) of the normal vector obtained by the normal vector calculation device 12 and (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ) stored in the angle storage device 7 are used. (Δξ, Δη) is obtained. In other words, the radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13 solves the above equation (10) with respect to (Δξ, Δη), and from the obtained (Δξ, Δη) and (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ) stored in the angle storage device 7, actually The direction of arrival of radio waves (ξ ₀ + Δξ, η ₀ + Δη) is obtained.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, in order to detect the arrival direction of radio waves as in the prior art, a separate circuit from the communication circuit is not required, and the arrival direction of radio waves is obtained with a simple antenna configuration. Is possible. Furthermore, since the normal vector of the phase plane is used, the two-dimensional radio wave arrival direction can be easily obtained.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
4 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the antenna device 100 of FIG. 4, the first transmitter 16 is connected to the power distribution and synthesis circuit 4 on the antenna device body 101 side. The radio wave radiated from the phased array antenna of the antenna device main body 101 is provided separately from the antenna device main body 101 (see FIG. 5), the first receiving antenna 17, the first detection circuit 6, the element electric field phase calculating device. 9, the signal is received and detected by the sub-antenna device 19 including the second transmitter 16 a and the transmission antenna 18. The first receiving antenna 17, the first detection circuit 6, the second transmitter 16a, and the transmitting antenna 18 constitute a transmitting / receiving means.

  The radio wave radiated from the phased array antenna is first received by the first receiving antenna 17 by the sub-antenna device 19, and the first detecting circuit 6 is connected to the first receiving antenna 17. Is connected to an element electric field phase calculating device 9 for obtaining the amount of the opposite sign of the phase quantity of the radiated electric field from each element antenna from the transmission signal from the phased array antenna. A second transmitter 16 a is connected to the element electric field phase calculation device 9, a transmission antenna 18 is connected to the second transmitter 16 a, and a signal including the phase amount obtained by the element electric field phase calculation device 9 is received. It is transmitted by the second transmitter 16a and the transmission antenna 18.

  The signal transmitted from the transmission antenna 18 is received by the second reception antenna 17a provided with the phased array antenna on the antenna device body 101 side, and the second detection circuit 6a is connected to the second reception antenna 17a. Detect the received signal. The second detector circuit 6a is connected to an element electric field phase storage device 20 for storing the amount of the opposite sign of the phase amount of the radiated electric field from each element antenna. A differential phase calculation device 10 is connected to the element electric field phase storage device 20. An angle storage device 7 and a normal vector calculation device 12 are connected to the measurement antenna direction calculation device 21, and the normal vector obtained by the normal vector calculation device 12 and the direction stored in the angle storage device 7 Is used to determine the direction of the first receiving antenna 17 as viewed from the array antenna on the antenna device body 101 side.

  Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. In the first embodiment, the method for obtaining the arrival direction of radio waves when the phased array antenna is receiving has been described. The second embodiment corresponds to the case where the phased array antenna is used for transmission. As in the case of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the aircraft 14 on which the antenna apparatus main body 101 including the phased array antenna is mounted. And the direction of the first receiving antenna 17 of the sub-antenna device 19 viewed from the array antenna of the antenna device body 101 mounted on the aircraft 14 (hereinafter, Consider the case of obtaining the direction of the sub-antenna device 19 as viewed from the aircraft 14).

As in the case of the first embodiment, the direction of the sub antenna device 19 viewed from the aircraft 14 obtained from the rough position information is stored in the angle storage device 7 as (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ). Next, in order to form the main beam of the phased array antenna in the direction (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ) stored in the angle storage device 7, each element antenna 1-m, n represented by the above equation (1) is set. The phase to be calculated is calculated by the initial phase calculator 8. Based on the phase amount obtained by the initial phase calculation device 8, the phase shifter control device 3 changes the set phase of each phase shifter 2-m, n, and changes the main beam of the phased array antenna (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ) Direction.

Radio waves radiated from the phased array antenna are received by the first receiving antenna 17 provided in the sub-antenna device 19 and detected by the first detection circuit 6. Next, in the element electric field phase calculation device 9, as in the first embodiment, for example, the phase of the electric field radiated from each element antenna 1-m, n using the element electric field vector rotation method is relative to the combined electric field. The value X is obtained, and the phase amount φ _mn ′ of the opposite sign of the obtained phase value X is calculated. At this time, theoretically, φ _mn ′ is considered to be expressed by the above equation (5), as in the case of the first embodiment. The phase amount φ _mn ′ obtained by the element electric field phase calculation device 9 is transmitted by the second transmitter 16 a and the transmission antenna 18, and the signal transmitted by the first transmission antenna 18 is the first signal on the antenna device body 101 side. 2 is received by the second receiving antenna 17a and detected by the second detection circuit 6a.

The element electric field phase storage device 20 stores the detected phase amount φ _mn ′, and the differential phase calculation device 10 stores the phase amount φ _mn obtained by the initial phase calculation device 8 and the element electric field phase storage device 20. A difference Δφ _mn from the obtained phase amount φ _mn ′ is calculated. Δφ _mn is expressed by the above equation (6), as in the first embodiment. In the optimum phase plane computing device 11 and the normal vector computing device 12, as in the case of the first embodiment, the differential phase amount Δφ _mn obtained by the differential phase computing device 10 is used in the form of a linear expression of element antenna coordinates. The phase plane to be represented is obtained, and further its normal vector is obtained. As in the case of the first embodiment, the normal vector obtained by the normal vector arithmetic unit 12 becomes (a, b, 1) using a and b expressed by the above equation (9). The direction calculation device 21 solves the above equation (10) with respect to (Δξ, Δη) and calculates (Δξ, Δη) and (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ) stored in the angle storage device 7 from the actual array antenna. The direction (ξ ₀ + Δξ, η ₀ + Δη) of the first receiving antenna 17 as seen from FIG.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, in order to detect the direction of the receiving antenna to be measured as in the past, a circuit different from the communication circuit is not required, and the antenna to be measured has a simple antenna configuration. Can be obtained. Furthermore, since the normal vector of the phase plane is used, the direction of the two-dimensional antenna to be measured can be easily obtained.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the antenna device 100 of FIG. 6, the radio wave arrival direction storage device 22 is connected to the radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13 in the antenna device of FIG. 6. The radio wave arrival direction storage device 22 is a device that stores the arrival directions of a plurality of radio waves obtained by the radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13. A null forming phase calculation device 23 is connected to the radio wave arrival direction storage device 22, and the null forming phase calculation device 23 is connected to the phase shifter control device 3. The null forming phase calculation device 23 forms the main beam of the phased array antenna in a predetermined direction, and sets the null of the phased array antenna in at least one of the plurality of radio wave arrival directions stored by the radio wave arrival direction storage device 22. In order to form, it is an apparatus which calculates | requires the phase amount set to each element antenna.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. Now, as shown in FIG. 7, in the aircraft 14 equipped with the antenna device 100, it is radiated from a plurality of antennas 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns) provided separately. Consider the case of finding the direction of arrival of multiple radio waves. In the third embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the arrival directions of the radio waves radiated from the respective measurement target antennas 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns) are set as the radio wave arrival directions. Obtained by the arithmetic unit 13. Now, assume that the arrival direction of each radio wave obtained by the radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13 is (ξ _n , η _n ) (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns). The radio wave arrival direction storage device 22 sequentially stores the arrival directions (ξ _n , η _n ) of each radio wave obtained by the radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13.

  Assume that inter-satellite communication is performed between the aircraft 14 and the antenna to be measured 15-1. At this time, radio waves radiated from the other measurement target antennas 15-n (n = 2, 3, 4,..., Ns) are combined with interference components of signals transmitted from the desired measurement target antennas 15-1. Therefore, in order to efficiently communicate between the aircraft 14 and the measurement target antenna 15-1, it is necessary to suppress the interference. This can be realized by forming a null of the phased array antenna in the direction of the measurement target antenna 15-n (n = 2, 3, 4,..., Ns) other than the measurement target antenna 15-1.

Therefore, by using the arrival directions of the radio waves radiated from the respective measurement target antennas 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns) stored in the radio wave arrival direction storage device 22, The phased array antenna is in the direction (ξ _n , η _n ) (n = 2, 3, 4,..., Ns) of the antenna to be measured 15-n (n = 2, 3, 4,..., Ns). And the phase amount set in the element antenna for forming the main beam of the phased array antenna in the direction (ξ ₁ , η ₁ ) of the measurement target antenna 15-1 as a desired communication target is null-formed Obtained by the phase calculation unit 23. The null forming phase calculation device 23 uses, for example, a database (not shown) that stores phase amounts set in each element antenna corresponding to the main beam direction and the direction in which the null is directed, or uses a plane wave synthesis method. The amount of phase set for each element antenna is calculated by performing an optimization calculation.

  As described above, in the third embodiment, the arrival directions of radio waves from the communication target antenna and the non-communication target antenna are measured, the main beam of the phased array antenna is formed in the direction of the predetermined communication target antenna, and the communication target By forming a null of the phased array antenna in the direction of the outside antenna, it is possible to suppress interference from the antenna that is not the communication target and to efficiently communicate with the antenna that is the communication target.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In FIG. 8, a plurality of sub-antenna devices 19-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns) are provided for one antenna device body 101. Each of the sub-antenna devices 19-n includes the first detection circuit 6, the element electric field phase calculation device 9, and the second transmitter 16a together with the first reception antennas 17-1 to 17-Ns and the transmission antenna 18-, respectively. 1-18-Ns. A measurement antenna direction storage device 24 is connected to the measurement antenna direction calculation device 21, and the measurement antenna direction storage device 24 is obtained by the measurement antenna direction calculation device 21, and each sub antenna device 19 -n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns), the direction of the first receiving antenna 17 is stored.

  A null forming phase calculation device 23 is connected to the measurement antenna direction storage device 24. The null forming phase calculation device 23 forms a main beam of the phased array antenna in a predetermined direction, and a plurality of sub antenna devices 19-n (n = 1) viewed from the array antenna stored in the measurement antenna direction storage device 24. , 2, 3,..., Ns) in order to form a null of the phased array antenna in at least one of the directions of the first receiving antenna 17, the phase amount set for each element antenna 1-m, n Is a device for obtaining

  Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. The fourth embodiment corresponds to the case where the phased array antenna of the third embodiment is used for transmission, and is provided separately from the aircraft 14 on which the antenna device main body 101 including the phased array antenna is mounted, as shown in FIG. In addition, measurement is performed with a plurality of sub-antenna devices 19-n (n = 2, 3,..., Ns), and each sub-antenna device 19-n (n = n = n) viewed from the array antenna mounted on the aircraft 14 is measured. Let us consider a case where the directions of the first receiving antennas 17 (2, 3,..., Ns) (hereinafter referred to as the directions of the sub-antenna devices 19-n viewed from the aircraft 14) are obtained.

  Similarly to the second embodiment, the direction of each sub-antenna device 19-n viewed from the aircraft 14 is obtained by the measurement antenna direction calculation device 21. The measurement antenna direction storage device 24 stores the directions of the sub antenna devices 19-n as viewed from the aircraft 14, which are obtained by the measurement antenna direction calculation device 21. The null forming phase calculation device 23 uses the direction of each sub antenna device 19-n viewed from the aircraft 14 stored in the measurement antenna direction storage device 24 in the same manner as in the third embodiment, and uses the sub antenna devices 19-n other than the communication target. Null formation phase calculation for the phase amount set for each element antenna to form the phased array antenna null in the direction of the antenna device and to form the main beam of the phased array antenna in the direction of the desired sub antenna device for communication It is determined by the device 23.

  Thus, in the fourth embodiment, the direction of the communication target and the non-communication target antenna as viewed from the array antenna is measured, the main beam of the phased array antenna is formed in the direction of the predetermined communication target antenna, and the communication is performed. By forming a null of the phased array antenna in the direction of the antenna that is not the target, it is possible to suppress the interference from the antenna that is not the target of communication and efficiently communicate with the antenna that is the target of communication.

Embodiment 5 FIG.
10 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In the antenna device 100 of FIG. 10, each element antenna 1-m, n is connected to each of a plurality of beam forming circuits 5-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Nb), and each beam forming circuit is connected. This assumes a multi-beam antenna device that transmits and receives a beam formed by combining and distributing beams formed by 5-n. Each beam forming circuit 5-n is connected to a detection circuit 6, an initial phase calculating device 8, and a null forming phase calculating device 23. Each element antenna terminal of the plurality of beam forming circuits 5-n has a plurality of second power distribution / combination circuits 4a-m, n (m = 1, 2, 3,..., M) that distribute and synthesize each element antenna. , N = 1, 2, 3,..., N), and the second power distribution / combination circuits 4a-m, n are respectively connected to the corresponding element antennas 1-m, n. That is, the second power distribution / combination circuits 4a-m, n are connected to all the element antennas 1-m, n and connected to all the beam forming circuits 5-n.

  Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. Now, in the aircraft 14 equipped with the antenna device 100 including the phased array antenna having the multi-beam antenna structure as in FIG. 7, a plurality of antennas 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3) separately provided. ,..., Ns) Let us consider a case in which the arrival directions of a plurality of radio waves radiated from Ns) are obtained. In the fifth embodiment, as in the third embodiment, the arrival directions of radio waves radiated from the respective measurement target antennas 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,. The radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13 uses at least one beam of the antennas and stores it in the radio wave arrival direction storage device 22.

  Now, assuming the case where communication is performed using the multi-beam antenna between the aircraft 14 and each measurement target antenna 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns), the aircraft 14 and the measurement target antenna 15 A beam for performing communication between −n is called a beam n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns). As described in the third embodiment, for example, in the beam m, other antennas 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., M−1, m + 1,. ) Is an interference component of the signal transmitted from the desired measurement target antenna 15-m, and in order to efficiently communicate between the aircraft 14 and the measurement target antenna 15-m to be communicated, It is necessary to suppress the interference. This is because the beam m is phased in the direction of the measurement target antenna 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., M−1, m + 1,. This can be realized by forming an array antenna null.

  Therefore, the arrival direction of the radio wave radiated from each measurement target antenna 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns) stored in the radio wave arrival direction storage device 22 is used for the beam m. Then, a null of the phased array antenna is formed in the direction of the measurement target antenna 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., M-1, m + 1,..., Ns) other than the communication target. In addition, the null forming phase calculation device 23 obtains the phase amount set in the element antenna in order to form the main beam of the phased array antenna in the direction of the measurement target antenna 15-m of the desired communication target.

  As described above, in the fifth embodiment, when communicating with a plurality of communication target antennas using a multi-beam antenna, the arrival directions of radio waves from communication target and non-communication target antennas are measured, and the main beam of each beam is measured. When communicating with multiple antennas using a multi-beam antenna, a beam is formed in the direction of the antenna of the communication target and a null is formed in the direction of the antenna that is not the communication target of each beam. It is possible to suppress interference from antennas that are not the object and to efficiently communicate with the antenna that is the object of communication.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. The antenna device 100 in FIG. 11 corresponds to the case of the transmission shown in FIG. 8 of the fourth embodiment in the antenna device assuming the multi-beam antenna device shown in FIG. 10 of the fifth embodiment. In the antenna apparatus of FIG. 8, a phased array antenna comprising an element antenna 1-m, n, a phase shifter 2-m, n, a phase shifter control apparatus 3, and a beam forming circuit 5 including a power distribution / combination circuit 4. The portion is composed of a phased array antenna composed of the element antenna 1-m, n of FIG. 10, the second power distribution / combination circuit 4a-m, n, and the beam forming circuit 5-n. The first transmitter 16, the initial phase calculation device 8, and the null forming phase calculation device 23 are connected to -n, respectively.

  In terms of operation, when communicating with a plurality of communication target antennas using a multi-beam antenna by the same method as the method described in each of the above embodiments, the communication target and non-communication target viewed from the multi-beam antenna are described. Multi-beam antennas by measuring the direction of each antenna, forming the main beam of each beam in the direction of the antenna of the corresponding communication target, and forming a null in the direction of the antenna outside the communication target of each beam. When communication is performed using a plurality of antennas, interference from antennas that are not communication targets can be suppressed, and communication with antennas that are communication targets can be performed efficiently.

  That is, in the aircraft 14 equipped with the antenna device 100 including the phased array antenna having the multi-beam antenna structure as in FIG. 8, a plurality of sub-antenna devices 19-n (n = 1 provided separately from the aircraft 14). , 2,3, ..., Ns). In the sixth embodiment, as in the fourth embodiment, the direction of each sub-antenna device 19-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns) is obtained by the measurement antenna direction calculation device 21, respectively. Store in the measurement antenna direction storage device 24.

  Now, assuming that communication is performed between the aircraft 14 and each sub-antenna device 19-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns) using a multi-beam antenna, the aircraft 14 and the sub-antenna device 19 are used. A beam for performing communication between −n is called a beam n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ns). As described in the fourth embodiment, for example, in the beam m, other sub-antenna devices 19-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., M−1, m + 1,..., Ns ) Is an interference component of a signal transmitted from a desired sub-antenna device 19-m, and in order to efficiently communicate between the aircraft 14 and the sub-antenna device 19-m to be communicated, It is necessary to suppress the interference. This is because the beam m is phased in the direction of the sub-antenna device 19-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., M−1, m + 1,. This can be realized by forming an array antenna null.

  Therefore, by using the direction of each sub-antenna device 19-n stored in the measurement antenna direction storage device 24, sub-antenna devices 19-n (n = 1, 2, 3,. .., M−1, m + 1,..., Ns) form a null of the phased array antenna, and in the direction of the desired communication target sub-antenna device 19-n, A phase amount set for the element antenna to form the main beam is obtained by the null forming phase arithmetic unit 23.

Embodiment 7 FIG.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a first measurement situation of the antenna device according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. In the seventh embodiment, it is assumed that the antenna device 100 is mounted on the aircraft 14 and the measurement target antenna 15 is a fixed station installed at a known position such as a ground station. At this time, the angle stored in the angle storage device 7 is the direction of the measurement target antenna 15 as viewed from the array antenna obtained from the rough position information of the aircraft 14 and the position information of the measurement target antenna 15 whose position is known. When the arrival direction of the radio wave from the measurement target antenna is obtained by the same method as in the first embodiment, the position of the measurement target antenna 15 is known and fixed. The difference in angle stored in the apparatus 7, that is, (Δξ, Δη) represents a directional error caused by an attitude error of the aircraft 14 or an error due to an inclination of the opening surface of the phased array antenna. That is, by obtaining (Δξ, Δη), it is possible to obtain the attitude error of the opening surface (radiating surface) of the phased array antenna or the aircraft 14 equipped with the opening surface.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13, when there are a plurality of measurement target antennas installed in fixed stations whose positions are known as described above, (Δξ, Δη) obtained for each measurement target antenna is As described above, the value is ideally the same because it is caused by the attitude error of the aircraft 14 or the error due to the inclination of the radiation surface (opening surface) of the phased array antenna. However, the actual value varies depending on the measurement error. Therefore, here, the difference between the direction of arrival of the radio wave obtained for each antenna 15-n (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ne) and the angle stored in the angle storage device 7 is (Δξn, Δηn). ) (n = 1, 2, 3,..., Ne), by using the average value represented by the following equation (11), the aperture surface of the phased array antenna or the aircraft 14 equipped with the aperture surface with higher accuracy. Can be obtained.
The above processing is performed by the radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13, for example.

  As described above, in the seventh embodiment, by setting the antenna to be measured as a fixed antenna whose position is known, it is possible to obtain the inclination of the opening surface of the phased array antenna or the attitude error of the aircraft on which it is mounted. It becomes.

  Although the case where the phased array antenna is receiving is described here, the same effect can be obtained when the phased array antenna is transmitting. That is, when the sub-antenna device is fixed at a known position, the difference between the direction of the first receiving antenna of the sub-antenna device and the angle stored in the angle storage device 7 obtained by the same method as in the second embodiment. Since the position of the sub-antenna device is known and fixed, it represents a directional error due to an attitude error of the aircraft 14 or an error due to the inclination of the opening surface of the phased array antenna. Further, by using the average value of the difference between the direction of the first receiving antenna of the sub-antenna device obtained by the plurality of measurement antenna direction calculation devices 21 and the angle stored in the angle storage device 7, the phased array can be obtained with higher accuracy. It is possible to obtain the attitude error of the antenna opening surface or the aircraft 14 on which the antenna is mounted.

Embodiment 8 FIG.
In each of the above embodiments, as described in Embodiment 1, the arrival direction of the radio wave or the direction of the receiving antenna is obtained by solving the above equation (10) with respect to (Δξ, Δη). Now, the difference between (ξ ₀ , η ₀ ) stored in the angle storage device 7 and the actual direction of arrival of radio waves or the direction of the receiving antenna of the sub-antenna device (ξ ₀ + Δξ, η ₀ + Δη) is sufficiently small. That is, if Δξ << 1 and Δη << 1, the above equation (10) is

  It becomes. Since the above equation (12) is a linear equation of (Δξ, Δη), it is possible to easily solve for (Δξ, Δη) as in the following equation (13).

  Furthermore, for example, when the viewing angle of the phased array antenna is about ± 10 degrees at most,

  (Δξ, Δη) is expressed by the following equation (15).

  As described above, in the radio wave arrival direction calculation device 13 or the measurement antenna direction calculation device 21, it is easy to solve either the above equation (13) or the above equation (15) instead of the above equation (10). It is possible to determine the actual direction of arrival of radio waves or the direction of the receiving antenna.

Embodiment 9 FIG.
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a configuration of an antenna apparatus according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. In the antenna device 100 of FIG. 14, each element antenna 1-m, n is connected to a switch 25-m, n, and a switch controller 26 is connected to the switch 25-m, n. An element electric field phase calculation device 9 is connected to the control device 26.

  Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. In each of the above embodiments, the electric field phase is obtained by the element electric field vector rotation method as the element electric field phase calculation device 9. In the ninth embodiment, one of the element antennas 1-m, n of the array antenna is set in an operating state, and a matching load is connected to the other element antennas, whereby the phase of the received electric field of the element antenna in the operating state is set. Is used for each element.

  FIG. 15 shows the configuration of the switch 25-m, n. As shown in FIG. 15, the switch 25-m, n is provided with two switches 27-1 and 27-2. -1 is a switch for switching the element antenna 1-m, n and the dummy resistor R1, and a switch 27-2 is a switch for switching the phase shifter 2-m, n and the dummy resistor R2. By connecting the switch 27-1 to the element antenna 1-m, n side and the switch 27-2 to the phase shifter 2-m, n side, the element antenna 1-m, n is in an operating state. By connecting both 27-1 and 27-2 to the dummy resistors R1 and R2, the element antenna 1-m, n can be brought into a non-operating state.

  In the switching device control device 26, each switching device 25-is switched according to the element antenna 1 -m, n to be in the operation state designated by the element electric field phase calculation device 9 and the element antenna 1 -m, n to be in the non-operation state. Switches m, n switches 27-1, 27-2. Using the switch 25-m, n and the switch control device 26 as described above, one of the element antennas 1-m, n constituting the array antenna is set in an operating state, and the other element antennas 1-m, n are operated. In a state where n is inactive, the element electric field phase calculation device 9 obtains the phase of the element antenna 1-m, n from the received signal of the antenna. By performing this operation for all element antennas 1-m, n, the electric field phase of each element antenna 1-m, n of the array antenna can be obtained.

  As described above, in the ninth embodiment, even when the element electric field phase calculation device 9 obtains the electric field phase of each element antenna by operating each element antenna one element at a time, the same effect as in the first embodiment is obtained. Can be obtained. In addition, the same effects can be obtained for the second to eighth embodiments by providing a similar switch and switch control device.

Embodiment 10 FIG.
In each of the above-described embodiments, the optimum phase plane computing device 11 has an optimum plane as represented by the linear expression of the antenna element coordinates from the phase amount distribution obtained by the differential phase computing device 10 using the least square method. Although the phase distribution is obtained, the optimum phase plane computing device 11 is configured to minimize the following equation (16) as a method considering the phase uncertainty of 360 degrees that the phase amount obtained by the element electric field phase computing device 9 has. The same effect can be obtained when a, b, and c are obtained by, for example, a conjugate gradient method.

  Alternatively, the steepest descent method may be used as a method of obtaining the optimal phase distribution of the plane as represented by the linear expression of the antenna element coordinates from the distribution of the phase amount.

  Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that all possible combinations of these embodiments are included.

  1-m, n element antenna, 2-m, n phase shifter, 3 phase shifter control device, 4 power distribution combination circuit, 4a-m, n second power distribution combination circuit, 5,5-1 to 5 -Nb beam forming circuit, 6 (first) detection circuit, 6a second detection circuit, 7 angle storage device, 8 initial phase calculation device, 9 element electric field phase calculation device, 10 differential phase calculation device, 11 optimum phase plane Arithmetic unit, 12 normal vector arithmetic unit, 13 radio wave arrival direction arithmetic unit, 14 aircraft, 15, 15-1 to 15-Ns antenna to be measured, 16 first transmitter, 16a second transmitter, 17-1 ˜17-Ns receiving antenna, 17a second receiving antenna, 18-1 to 18-Ns transmitting antenna, 19, 19, 19-n sub-antenna device, 20 element electric field phase storage device, 21 measuring antenna direction calculating device, 22 Radio wave arrival direction storage device, 2 Null forming phase calculation device, 24 measurement antenna direction storage device, 25-m, n switch, 26 switch control device, 27-1, 27-2 switch, 100 antenna device, 101 antenna device body, R1, R2 dummy resistance .

Claims (12)

An array antenna composed of a plurality of element antennas, a phase shifter that is provided for each element antenna and changes the amount of each phase, a phase shifter control device that controls a set phase of each phase shifter, and each phase shifter An antenna device including a phased array antenna including a beam forming circuit including a power distribution and synthesis circuit that performs distribution and synthesis of input and output signals to and from
A detection circuit connected to the power distribution and synthesis circuit for detecting the received signal of each element antenna;
An angle storage device that stores a direction based on position information of at least one antenna to be measured that radiates a main beam formed by a plurality of element antennas of the phased array antenna;
An initial phase calculation device for calculating a phase amount set for each element antenna in order to form a main beam in the direction stored in the angle storage device;
An element electric field phase calculation device for obtaining a phase amount of an opposite sign of the phase amount of the received electric field of each element antenna from the reception signal of the phased array antenna by radio waves from the at least one antenna to be measured based on detection of the detection circuit;
A differential phase calculation device that takes the difference between the phase amount of the initial phase calculation device of each element antenna and the phase amount of the element electric field phase calculation device;
An optimum phase plane arithmetic unit for obtaining a phase distribution of a plane as represented by a linear expression of antenna element coordinates from the distribution of the differential phase amount of the differential phase arithmetic unit;
A normal vector computing device for obtaining a normal vector of the phase distribution of the plane;
A radio wave arrival direction computing device for determining an actual radio wave arrival direction using the normal vector and the direction stored in the angle storage device;
An antenna device comprising: An array antenna composed of a plurality of element antennas, a phase shifter that is provided for each element antenna and changes the amount of each phase, a phase shifter control device that controls a set phase of each phase shifter, and each phase shifter An antenna device main body including a phased array antenna, and at least one sub antenna device provided separately from the antenna device main body. An antenna device comprising:
The antenna device body includes a transmitter, an angle storage device, an initial phase calculation device, a reception antenna, a detection circuit, an element electric field phase storage device, a differential phase calculation device, an optimal phase plane calculation device, a normal vector calculation device, and a measurement antenna direction. With an arithmetic unit,
Each of the sub-antenna devices includes transmission / reception means and an element electric field phase calculation device,
The angle storage device of the antenna device main body stores a direction based on position information of at least one sub antenna device that emits a main beam formed by a plurality of element antennas of a phased array antenna;
The initial phase calculation device calculates a phase amount set for each element antenna to form a main beam in the direction stored in the angle storage device,
The phase shifter control device controls the set phase of each phase shifter according to the calculated phase amount,
The first transmitter is connected to the power distribution and synthesis circuit and radiates a main beam formed by the plurality of element antennas to the at least one antenna to be measured;
The transmission / reception means of the sub-antenna apparatus has a first reception antenna and a transmission antenna, receives the main beam and transmits a signal indicating a phase amount of an opposite sign as a calculation result,
The element electric field phase calculation device calculates the phase amount of the opposite sign of the phase amount of the electric field radiated from each element antenna of the phased array antenna from the reception result,
The reception antenna of the antenna device main body receives a signal indicating the phase amount of the reverse code transmitted from the sub-antenna device,
The detection circuit detects a reception signal at the reception antenna;
The element electric field phase storage device stores the phase amount of the opposite sign of each element antenna based on the detection result,
The difference phase calculation device obtains a difference between the phase amount of the initial phase calculation device and the phase amount of the element electric field phase storage device of each element antenna,
The optimum phase plane arithmetic unit obtains a plane phase distribution represented by a linear expression of antenna element coordinates from the distribution of the differential phase amount of the difference phase arithmetic unit. The normal vector arithmetic unit calculates the phase distribution of the plane. Find the normal vector of
The direction of the first receiving antenna of the sub antenna device viewed from the array antenna is obtained using the normal vector and the direction stored in the angle storage device by the measurement antenna direction calculation device.
An antenna device characterized by that. When a plurality of radio waves arrive from a plurality of antennas to be measured, the radio wave arrival direction calculation device obtains the arrival direction of each radio wave with respect to the plurality of radio waves,
A radio wave arrival direction storage device that stores arrival directions of a plurality of obtained radio waves;
The main beam of the phased array antenna is formed in one desired direction among the directions stored in the radio wave arrival direction storage device, and the null of the phased array antenna is formed in at least one direction other than the desired one direction. In order to form, a null forming phase calculation device for obtaining a phase amount to be set for each element antenna,
The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising: A plurality of sub-antenna devices, and the measurement antenna direction calculation device obtains the direction of each first receiving antenna viewed from the array antenna with respect to each first receiving antenna mounted on the plurality of sub-antenna devices. ,
A measurement antenna direction storage device for storing directions of a plurality of first reception antennas as viewed from the obtained array antenna;
The main beam of the phased array antenna is formed in one desired direction among the directions stored in the measurement antenna direction storage device, and the null of the phased array antenna is formed in at least one direction other than the desired one direction. In order to form, a null forming phase calculation device for obtaining a phase amount to be set for each element antenna,
The antenna device according to claim 2, further comprising: The phased array antenna includes a plurality of beam forming circuits for forming a multi-beam, and a plurality of power distribution and combination circuits for distributing and combining each element antenna terminal of each of the plurality of beam forming circuits for each element antenna. It consists of a multi-beam antenna
When a plurality of radio waves arrive from the direction of the plurality of antennas to be measured, the radio wave arrival direction calculation device determines the arrival direction using at least one beam forming circuit for the plurality of radio waves,
A radio wave arrival direction storage device that stores arrival directions of a plurality of obtained radio waves;
A main beam of each beam of the multi-beam antenna is formed in a desired one direction among the arrival directions of the radio waves stored in the radio wave arrival direction storage device, and each beam is formed in a direction other than the desired one direction. A null forming phase calculation device for obtaining a phase amount to be set for each element antenna in order to form a null;
The antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising: The phased array antenna includes a plurality of beam forming circuits for forming a multi-beam, and a plurality of power distribution and combination circuits for distributing and combining each element antenna terminal of each of the plurality of beam forming circuits for each element antenna. It consists of a multi-beam antenna
In the case of having a plurality of sub-antenna devices, the measurement antenna direction calculation device indicates the direction of each first receiving antenna viewed from the array antenna with respect to each first receiving antenna mounted on the plurality of sub-antenna devices. Seeking
A measurement antenna direction storage device for storing directions of a plurality of first reception antennas as viewed from the obtained array antenna;
A main beam of each beam of the multi-beam antenna is formed in a desired one direction among a plurality of first receiving antenna directions viewed from the array antenna stored in the measurement antenna direction storage device, and the desired one A null forming phase calculation device for obtaining a phase amount set to each element antenna in order to form a null of each beam in a direction other than one direction;
The antenna device according to claim 2, further comprising:   In order to form the main beam and null of the phased array antenna in a desired direction, the null forming phase calculation device corresponds to the main beam direction and the direction in which the null is directed when obtaining the phase amount to be set for each element antenna. Calculating a phase amount to be set for each element antenna using any one of a method using a database storing a phase amount set for each element antenna, a method using a plane wave synthesis method, and a method for performing an optimization calculation. The antenna device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the antenna device is characterized in that:   The said optimal phase plane arithmetic unit calculates | requires the phase distribution of a plane using any one of the least squares method, the steepest descent method, and the conjugate gradient method, The any one of Claim 1-7 characterized by the above-mentioned. The antenna device described.   The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the element electric field phase calculation device obtains an electric field phase of each element antenna of the phased array antenna using an element electric field vector rotation method. A switch that is provided between each of the plurality of element antennas and the phase shifter to switch and connect the element antenna between the phase shifter and a matching load;
A switch controller for controlling the plurality of switchers to be in an operating state by connecting one element antenna to the phase shifter side, and controlling the other element antennas to a non-operating state by connecting to the matching load side;
Further comprising
The element electric field phase calculation device controls the switch control device to operate the plurality of element antennas one by one to obtain a phase amount of an opposite sign of the electric field phase of each element antenna. 9. The antenna device according to any one of 1 to 8.   When the measurement target antenna or the sub-antenna device is a fixed station fixed at a known position, the radio wave arrival direction calculation device or the measurement antenna direction calculation device calculates the normal vector obtained by the normal vector calculation device. The difference between the direction of arrival of the radio wave determined using the direction of the first reception antenna of the sub-antenna device and the direction stored in the angle storage device, or the direction of the plurality of radio wave arrival directions determined or the first reception antenna of the sub-antenna device The attitude error of the antenna device or the tilt error of the opening surface of the phased array antenna is obtained from the average value of the difference between the direction and the direction stored in the angle storage device. The antenna device according to 1.   When obtaining the direction of arrival of radio waves or the direction of the first receiving antenna in the radio wave arrival direction computing device or the measurement antenna direction computing device, the normal vector obtained by the normal vector computing device and the angle storage device are stored. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the antenna device is obtained by an approximate expression on the condition that a difference between the measured directions is sufficiently small and a viewing angle of the phased array antenna is sufficiently small.

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