JP2010528147A - 固体燃料のガス化方法及びガス化装置 - Google Patents
固体燃料のガス化方法及びガス化装置 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
- C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
- C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
- C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
- C10J3/60—Processes
- C10J3/64—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
- C10J3/66—Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
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- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
- C10B49/04—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/06—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge while moving the solid material to be treated according to the moving bed type
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- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/02—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in retorts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/34—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts
- C10G9/36—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours
- C10G9/38—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts with heated gases or vapours produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/74—Construction of shells or jackets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/80—Other features with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
- C10J2200/09—Mechanical details of gasifiers not otherwise provided for, e.g. sealing means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
- C10J2300/092—Wood, cellulose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract
【解決手段】その方法は、燃料を熱分解性生物に分解する熱分解フェーズと、熱分解生成物を生成ガスにガス化するガス化フェーズとからなる。燃焼室(32)から燃料サイロ(14)への熱伝達がこの方法では制限される。これは燃料が乾燥せず、熱分解が燃料サイロ内で起こらないようにするためである。熱分解のはじめは、できる限りガス化フェーズの近くに意図的に移され、熱分解フェーズの時間をできる限り短くする。燃料温度の上昇は、ガス化フェーズに発生した熱をガス化空気等の媒体に伝達することにより減速する。本願の並流ガス化装置では、燃料サイロと燃焼室の間には、熱の伝達を制限しガス化空気の予備ヒータとしても機能する冷却路(18)がある。ガス化装置は冷却路の上表面を形成する上部フロア(16a)と、冷却路の下表面を形成する下部フロア(16b)を有し、燃料サイロは上部フロアの上に設けられ、燃焼室は下部フロアの下に設けられる。ガス化装置の燃焼室は、燃焼室は内部ジャケット(34)、中間ジャケット(36)、外部ジャケット(38)、グレート(40)から構成される。ガス化空気は中間ジャケットと外部ジャケットの間の空間を介して、燃焼室に伝えられるようになっている。
【選択図】図1
Description
seal)66がある。使用の際には、始動排気装置が生成ガス管の一端に設けられ(始動排気装置は図には示されていない)、それを用いてガス化装置が始動する。ガス化装置がエンジンに接続されている場合には、作動中のエンジン自体が、稼動時に必要な生成ガスを吸引する。他の装置で生成ガスが燃料として用いられるときには、生成ガスの吸引のために、生成ガス管の端部に別の排気装置が設けられる)。
Claims (15)
- 並流ガス化装置を備え、ガス化される燃料用の燃料サイロ(14)と少なくとも1つの燃焼室(32)を有した固体燃料のガス化方法において、その方法は、燃料を熱分解性生物に分解する熱分解フェーズと、その熱分解した生成物を生成ガスにガス化するガス化フェーズとからなり、前記方法では、燃焼室からチップサイロへの熱の伝達は、該熱分解フェーズの始動の前に、燃料の加熱を減速するために制限されることを特徴としている固体燃料のガス化方法。
- 請求項2において、燃料への熱の伝達は、前記燃焼室へ導かれたガス化空気のような媒体への熱伝達により制限されることを特徴とする固体燃料のガス化方法。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかにおいて、前記方法で使用される燃料は、20重量パーセントより大きい、好ましくは30重量パーセントより大きい、水分量を有するバイオ燃料であることを特徴とする固体燃料のガス化方法。
- ガス化される燃料用の燃料サイロ(14)と、燃料サイロの下に設けられた少なくとも1つの燃焼室(32)と、ガス化装置(18,64,60)にガス化空気を導入するための手段とから構成される並流ガス化装置において、前記燃料サイロと前記燃焼室の間には、熱の伝達を制限するために、ガス化空気等の媒体を導くための冷却路(18)があることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項4において、前記冷却路(18)の上表面を形成する上部フロア(16a)と、前記冷却路の下表面を形成する下部フロア(16b)とを有し、前記燃料サイロ(14)は前記上部フロアの上に設けられ、前記燃焼室(32)は前記下部フロアの下に設けられていることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項6において、前記上・下フロア(16a,16b)は、前記燃料サイロ(14)と前記燃焼室(32)との接続を形成するための同心円(30)を有していることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項4〜6のいずれかにおいて、前記燃焼室(32)は内部ジャケット(34)、中間ジャケット(36)、外部ジャケット(38)と、グレート(40)とから構成されていることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項4〜6のいずれかにおいて、前記燃焼室(32)と前記燃料サイロ(14)は互いに偏心して配設されていることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項7、8のいずれかにおいて、前記燃料サイロ(14)の壁は、前記外部ジャケット(38)により規定された領域の外側に少なくとも部分的に延びていることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項4〜9のいずれかにおいて、前記燃料サイロ(14)は縦軸のまわりを回転するように形成され、前記ガス化装置は前記燃料サイロを回転するためのローター(24)を有していることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項7〜10のいずれかにおいて、前記内部ジャケット(34)はその上方部が前記下部フロア(16b)に固定され、前記中間ジャケット(36)は、前記下部フロア(16b)から距離を置いて、その上方端が前記ジャケットに固定されていることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項7〜11のいずれかにおいて、ガス化空気は、前記中間ジャケット(36)と前記外部ジャケット(38)の間の空間を介して、前記燃焼室(32)へ導かれるようになっていることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項7〜12のいずれかにおいて、前記燃焼室(32)の前記内部ジャケット(34)の上方部には、前記燃焼室の上方部に、その断面積を小さくする箇所を形成するためのファイヤーリング(50)があることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項13において、前記ファイヤーリング(50)の上方の前記燃焼室の前記内部ジャケット(34)内に設けられた、エアノズル(60)を備えていることを特徴とする並流ガス化装置。
- 請求項4〜14のいずれかにおいて、前記ガス化装置から発生した生成ガスを導くための生成ガス管(62)を備え、前記燃焼室(32)からの灰の除去は前記生成ガス管(62)を介して行われるようになっていることを特徴とする。
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FI20075374A FI122860B (fi) | 2007-05-25 | 2007-05-25 | Menetelmä kiinteän polttoaineen kaasuttamiseksi ja myötävirtakaasutin |
FI20075374 | 2007-05-25 | ||
PCT/FI2008/050300 WO2008145814A1 (en) | 2007-05-25 | 2008-05-23 | Method for gasifying solid fuel and concurrent gasifier |
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JP2010528147A true JP2010528147A (ja) | 2010-08-19 |
JP5256285B2 JP5256285B2 (ja) | 2013-08-07 |
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US (1) | US8202330B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2162510B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5256285B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101161867B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101790577B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2008257368B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0811884A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2667265C (ja) |
FI (2) | FI122860B (ja) |
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FI123030B (fi) * | 2008-11-24 | 2012-10-15 | Gasek Oy | Myötävirtakaasutin |
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FI122618B (fi) * | 2010-06-18 | 2012-04-30 | Gasek Oy | Menetelmä ja laitteisto kiinteän polttoaineen kaasuttamiseksi |
FI20105717A (fi) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-12-22 | Gasek Oy | Menetelmä aktiivihiilen valmistamiseksi |
FR2965816B1 (fr) * | 2010-10-12 | 2014-04-25 | S3D | Dispositif pour la transformation d'un combustible |
DE202011004328U1 (de) | 2011-03-22 | 2012-06-25 | Big Dutchman International Gmbh | Schachtvergaser zum Betrieb bei einer unterstöchiometrischen Oxidation |
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ITTO20121122A1 (it) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-22 | Salvatore Marasa | Reattore di piro-gassificazione. |
ITTO20130332A1 (it) * | 2013-04-23 | 2014-10-24 | Solidia S R L | Impianto per la trasformazione di un materiale a base organica in gas di sintesi |
EP2883941A1 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-06-17 | RP Grupp | Co-current gasifier |
US20150252268A1 (en) | 2014-01-10 | 2015-09-10 | Proton Power, Inc. | Methods, systems, and devices for liquid hydrocarbon fuel production, hydrocarbon chemical production, and aerosol capture |
US20150307784A1 (en) | 2014-03-05 | 2015-10-29 | Proton Power, Inc. | Continuous liquid fuel production methods, systems, and devices |
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CN104830374B (zh) * | 2015-05-05 | 2017-04-05 | 安徽省宁国市长乐林产品开发有限公司 | 一种生物质燃料气碳化设备 |
CN104830373B (zh) * | 2015-05-05 | 2017-06-13 | 安徽省宁国市长乐林产品开发有限公司 | 一种气化炉 |
JP6637797B2 (ja) * | 2016-03-11 | 2020-01-29 | 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 | 炭素含有原料ガス化システム及びその酸化剤分配比設定方法 |
RU2630625C1 (ru) * | 2016-06-03 | 2017-09-11 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью научно-производственное предприятие "ИнтерПолярис" | Способ образования газа в газогенераторе и газогенератор (варианты) |
CN106867585B (zh) * | 2017-04-19 | 2019-06-21 | 大连理工大学 | 炉内自脱焦油式有机固体燃料气化装置与方法 |
RU2733777C2 (ru) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-10-06 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Альтернативные Тепловые Технологии" (ООО АТТ) | Способ получения свободного от пиролизных смол горючего газа при газификации конденсированного топлива и устройство для его осуществления |
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EP2162510A4 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
FI123143B (fi) | 2012-11-30 |
KR20100023895A (ko) | 2010-03-04 |
WO2008145814A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
EP2162510A1 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
KR101161867B1 (ko) | 2012-07-09 |
FI122860B (fi) | 2012-08-15 |
EP2162510B1 (en) | 2013-10-23 |
BRPI0811884A2 (pt) | 2014-11-18 |
CN101790577B (zh) | 2013-10-30 |
US20100018120A1 (en) | 2010-01-28 |
RU2470990C2 (ru) | 2012-12-27 |
US8202330B2 (en) | 2012-06-19 |
FI20095346A (fi) | 2009-03-31 |
CN101790577A (zh) | 2010-07-28 |
FI20075374A0 (fi) | 2007-05-25 |
AU2008257368A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
RU2009106570A (ru) | 2011-03-20 |
CA2667265A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
FI20075374A (fi) | 2008-11-26 |
AU2008257368B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
JP5256285B2 (ja) | 2013-08-07 |
CA2667265C (en) | 2013-07-16 |
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