JP2010282214A - Method of driving display - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To display a high-quality three-dimensional image having high-resolution. <P>SOLUTION: A display includes, on a side opposite to an observer side of a liquid crystal display panel 1, a light guide plate 8; first and second light emitting bodies 24, 25; first and second linear polarizing elements 26, 27 arranged so that respective transmission axes 26a, 27a are orthogonal with each other; a retarding element 28, in which a plurality of λ/2 retardation parts 29 and non-retardation parts 30 are alternately formed; and a lens array 31, emitting a light beam transmitted through the λ/2 retardation parts 29 to a first emission direction and emitting a light beam transmitted through the non-retarding parts 30 to a second emission direction. By the lighting of the first and second light-emitting bodies 24, 25, linearly polarized light beams having mutually orthogonal relations are emitted in the right-and left-eye directions of a display observer through the liquid crystal display panel 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a surface light source for displaying a three-dimensional three-dimensional image on a liquid crystal display device and a liquid crystal display device for displaying the three-dimensional image.

  As a liquid crystal display device that displays a three-dimensional image, conventionally, among the plurality of pixel columns along the vertical direction of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel, an image for the left eye is displayed by each pixel of every other pixel column, An image for the right eye is displayed by each pixel in every other pixel row, and the image for the left eye and the image for the right eye are displayed as the light emitted from the every other pixel row and the other one. A lenticular lens that distributes the emitted light from the pixel row to the left and right eye directions of the display observer, or a plurality of transmission portions and light shielding portions parallel to the pixel row are alternately arranged to form a stripe shape There is one in which the left eye and the right eye of an observer are observed through a parallax barrier (see Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 3-19889 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-005455 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-268230

  An object of the present invention is to provide a surface light source capable of obtaining a liquid crystal display device that displays a three-dimensional image by a novel method different from the conventional one. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of displaying the three-dimensional image by a novel method.

The surface light source of this invention is
Light incident from the incident part, having an incident part for entering light, an exit surface for emitting light incident from the incident part, and a reflective surface for reflecting light incident from the incident part toward the exit surface A light guide means that guides the light from the light exit surface;
First and second light emitters that are arranged to face the incident portion of the light guide means and are selectively lit;
First and second linearly polarizing elements each having a transmission axis in one direction and disposed substantially orthogonal to each of the transmission axes on the emission side of the first and second light emitters,
A plurality of λs disposed opposite to the light exiting surface of the light guide means and providing a half-wave phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light in the direction along the light exit surface of the light guide means / 2 phase difference elements in which a phase difference portion and a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference are alternately formed,
The phase difference element is provided on a side opposite to the side facing the light guide means, and is provided in a plurality of regions composed of λ / 2 phase difference portions and non-phase difference portions that are adjacent to each other of the phase difference element. A plurality of lenses corresponding to each other, the light emitted from the light exit surface of the light guide means and transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portions of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element, with respect to a predetermined direction; The second light which is emitted in the first emission direction inclined in the direction of the first and which is transmitted through the non-phase difference portion of the plurality of regions is inclined in the direction opposite to the one direction with respect to the predetermined direction. A lens array that emits in the exit direction;
By lighting one of the first and second light emitters, one of linearly polarized light in two directions substantially perpendicular to each other is in the first emission direction, and the other linearly polarized light is in the second emission direction. The first linearly polarized light is emitted in the second emission direction and the other linearly polarized light is emitted in the first emission direction by emitting the other light emitter.

A first liquid crystal display device according to the present invention comprises:
A polarizing plate is arranged on each of the observation side and the opposite side, and has a screen area in which a plurality of pixels that control light transmission are arranged in a matrix, and image data is written in the plurality of pixels, and the image A liquid crystal display panel that displays images according to the data;
Light incident from the incident part, having an incident part for entering light, an exit surface for emitting light incident from the incident part, and a reflective surface for reflecting light incident from the incident part toward the exit surface Light guide means that guides the light from the light exit surface, first and second light emitters that are arranged to face the incident portion of the light guide means and are selectively lit, and transmit in one direction First and second linearly polarizing elements each having an axis and arranged so that the respective transmission axes are substantially orthogonal to the emission sides of the first and second light emitters, and the light guide means A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions arranged opposite to the emission surface and providing a half-wave phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light of the transmitted light in a direction along the emission surface of the light guide means And a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference, and the lead of the phase difference element. Provided on a side opposite to the side facing the means, and having a plurality of lenses respectively corresponding to a plurality of regions each including a λ / 2 phase difference portion and a non-phase difference portion adjacent to each other of the phase difference element. And the light that has exited from the exit surface of the light guide means and transmitted through the λ / 2 retardation portions of the plurality of regions of the retardation element is tilted in one direction with respect to a predetermined direction. A lens array that emits light in an emission direction and emits light that has passed through the non-phase difference portions of the plurality of regions in a second emission direction inclined in a direction opposite to the one direction with respect to the predetermined direction; The lens array is opposed to the liquid crystal display panel on the side opposite to the viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel, and one of the first and second emission directions is in the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel On the other hand, in the direction tilted toward the left eye of the display observer The polarizing plate is disposed in a direction inclined in the direction of the right eye of the observer with respect to the normal direction, and the opposite polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel is formed by lighting one of the first and second light emitters. The linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the light is emitted in the left eye direction, and the linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate is emitted in the right eye direction. A surface light source that emits linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate in the left eye direction and linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate in the right eye direction. When,
The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image on a plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel are alternately written, and the surface light source is synchronized with the writing of the left-eye image data. Drive means for turning on the one light emitter and turning on the other light emitter of the surface light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data for the left eye is provided.

  In the first liquid crystal display device, the light guide means of the surface light source emits light having directivity having a peak of emitted light intensity in the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel from the emission surface. The lens array transmits one of the light transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portion and the light transmitted through the non-phase difference portion of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel. The light is emitted in the direction of the angle range where the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the left eye direction, and the other light is emitted in the direction of the angle range where the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the right eye direction with respect to the normal direction. It is preferable to emit.

The second liquid crystal display device of the present invention is
A polarizing plate is arranged on each of the observation side and the opposite side, and has a screen area in which a plurality of pixels that control light transmission are arranged in a matrix, and image data is written in the plurality of pixels, and the image A liquid crystal display panel that displays images according to the data;
1st illumination light which is arrange | positioned on the opposite side to the observation side of the said liquid crystal display panel, and consists of a linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate on the opposite side of the said liquid crystal display panel toward the said liquid crystal display panel And a light source that selectively irradiates the second illumination light composed of linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate,
It is arranged between the light source and the liquid crystal display panel, and every other first among a plurality of regions obtained by dividing the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel into a predetermined number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the screen. A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions that give a half-wave phase difference between the ordinary light and the extraordinary light of the transmitted light are formed corresponding to each of the regions, and every other second region. And a phase difference element in which a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference are formed,
Among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel, a three-dimensional image is applied to each pixel corresponding to each other first region and each pixel corresponding to each other second region. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data for display are alternately written, and the first illumination light is emitted from the light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data. The image data for the right eye and the image data for the left eye are alternately written in each pixel corresponding to each of the other areas and each pixel corresponding to each other second area. Drive means for irradiating the second illumination light from the light source in synchronization with writing.

  In the second liquid crystal display device, the driving unit is configured to, in the first display period, each pixel corresponding to the every other first region of the every liquid crystal display panel, and every other every other area. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data are alternately written into each pixel corresponding to each of the second regions, and the liquid crystal display panel has a second display period following the first display period. It is preferable that the right-eye image data and the left-eye image data are alternately written in each pixel corresponding to the first area and each pixel corresponding to the second area.

The third liquid crystal display device of the present invention is
A polarizing plate is arranged on each of the observation side and the opposite side, and has a screen area in which a plurality of pixels that control light transmission are arranged in a matrix, and image data is written in the plurality of pixels, and the image A liquid crystal display panel that displays images according to the data;
The liquid crystal display panel is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel and is made of linearly polarized light that is substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel toward the liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal display A first illumination light having directivity in which a peak of emitted light intensity exists in a direction tilted in the direction of the left or right eye of the display observer with respect to the normal direction of the panel, and the opposite polarizing plate A first beam having a directivity in which a peak of emitted light intensity exists in a direction inclined in the direction of the other eye of the observer with respect to the normal direction. A light source for selectively irradiating two illumination lights;
It is arranged between the light source and the liquid crystal display panel, and every other first among a plurality of regions obtained by dividing the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel into a predetermined number of pixels in the vertical direction of the screen. A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions that give a half-wave phase difference between the ordinary light and the extraordinary light of the transmitted light are formed corresponding to each of the regions, and every other second region. And a phase difference element in which a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference are formed,
The phase difference element is moved in the vertical direction of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel with a stroke corresponding to the pitch of the λ / 2 phase difference portion and the non-phase difference portion, and the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the no phase difference are moved. A phase difference element moving means that alternately opposes the first and second areas of the liquid crystal display panel;
The λ / 2 phase difference portion of the phase difference element is opposed to the other first region of the liquid crystal display panel, and the non-phase difference portion is opposed to the other second region of the other. The left-eye image data of the left and right eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image on each pixel in the first region among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel is written. The image data for the right eye is written to each pixel in the second region, the first and second illumination lights are irradiated from the light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data, and the phase difference element When the λ / 2 retardation portion is opposed to the second region of the liquid crystal display panel and the non-retardation portion is opposed to the first region, the first region of the liquid crystal display panel The right-eye image data is written to each pixel, and the left-eye image is written to each pixel in the second area. Drive means for writing image data and irradiating the first and second illumination lights from the light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data is provided.

  In the third liquid crystal display device, the driving unit is configured such that, during the first display period, the every other pixel in the every other first area and every other every other second area of the liquid crystal display panel. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data are alternately written to each of the pixels, and each of the first regions of the liquid crystal display panel is displayed in a second display period subsequent to the first display period. It is preferable that the image data for the right eye and the image data for the left eye are alternately written in the pixel and each pixel in the second area.

A fourth liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises:
A polarizing plate is arranged on each of the observation side and the opposite side, and has a screen area in which a plurality of pixels that control light transmission are arranged in a matrix, and image data is written in the plurality of pixels, and the image A liquid crystal display panel that displays images according to the data;
A light source disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel from the observation side and irradiating illumination light toward the liquid crystal display panel;
It is arranged on the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel, and the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel is divided into a first area every other one among a plurality of areas divided into a predetermined number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the screen. In correspondence with each other, a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions that give a half-wave phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light of the transmitted light are formed, and each of the other second areas corresponds to each other. A phase difference element in which a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference are formed;
Of the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel, one of the left and right eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image on each pixel corresponding to the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions of the phase difference element Driving means for writing image data for the eye and writing image data for the other eye to each pixel corresponding to the plurality of non-phase difference portions of the phase difference element;
Left of the image light composed of linearly polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel that transmits one of the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the non-phase difference portion of the phase difference element and the light emitted to the observation side. A linear polarizing element for the eye, and a linear polarizing element for the right eye that transmits the light emitted to the observation side through the other of the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the non-phase difference portion of the phase difference element. It is characterized by comprising polarizing glasses for observation.

  In the fourth liquid crystal display device, the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the non-phase difference portions of the phase difference element divide the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel for each pixel in the horizontal direction of the screen. It is preferable to form it corresponding to a plurality of regions alternately.

  The surface light source of the present invention has an incident part that makes light incident thereon, an emission surface that emits light incident from the incident part, and a reflection surface that reflects light incident from the incident part toward the emission surface, A light guide means that guides light incident from the incident portion and emits the light from the emission surface, and first and second light emitters that are arranged to face the incident portion of the light guide means and are selectively lit. And first and second linearly polarizing elements having a transmission axis in one direction and arranged so that the respective transmission axes are substantially orthogonal to each other on the emission side of the first and second light emitters. And a phase difference in which a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and non-phase difference portions are alternately formed in a direction along the light emission surface of the light guide means. Adjacent to the phase difference element, provided on the opposite side of the element and the side facing the light guiding means of the phase difference element A plurality of lenses respectively corresponding to a plurality of regions each composed of a λ / 2 phase difference portion and a non-phase difference portion, and emitted from an emission surface of the light guide means; The light transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portion in the region is emitted in a first emission direction inclined in one direction with respect to a predetermined direction, and the light transmitted through the non-phase difference portion in the plurality of regions is transmitted. A lens array that emits light in a second emission direction inclined in a direction opposite to the one direction with respect to the predetermined direction, and substantially turning on one of the first and second light emitters One of the linearly polarized light in two directions orthogonal to the first emitting direction and the other linearly polarized light in the second emitting direction, respectively, and the other light emitting body is turned on to convert the one linearly polarized light into the first emitting direction. The other linearly polarized light is emitted in the first emission direction in the second emission direction. Therefore, by arranging this surface light source on the opposite side to the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel in which polarizing plates are arranged on the observation side and the opposite side, respectively, the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel are arranged. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data are alternately written, the one light emitter of the surface light source is turned on in synchronization with the writing of the left-eye image data, and the left-eye image data is written. A liquid crystal display device that displays a three-dimensional image by turning on the other light emitter of the surface light source can be obtained.

  The first liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a screen area in which a polarizing plate is disposed on each of the observation side and the opposite side, and a plurality of pixels for controlling light transmission are arranged in a matrix. Image data is written to the pixels, and the surface light source of the above configuration is arranged on the opposite side of the viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel that displays an image according to the image data, and the lens array is opposed to the liquid crystal display panel, In addition, one of the first and second emission directions is directed in a direction inclined in the direction of the left eye of the display observer with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel, and the other emission direction is set with respect to the normal direction. The linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel is turned on by turning on one of the first and second light emitters in a direction inclined toward the right eye of the observer. Transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate in the left eye direction Linearly polarized light that is substantially orthogonal is emitted in the right eye direction, and linearly polarized light that is substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate is turned on in the left eye direction by turning on the other light emitter. Arranged so that linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the plate is emitted in the direction of the right eye, and by the driving means, left eye image data and right eye image data are applied to a plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel. Are alternately written, the one light emitter of the surface light source is turned on in synchronization with the writing of the image data for the left eye, and the other light emission of the surface light source is synchronized with the writing of the image data for the left eye. Since the body is turned on, it is possible to display a high-quality three-dimensional image with high resolution of both the left-eye image and the right-eye image.

  In the first liquid crystal display device, the light guide means of the surface light source emits light having directivity having a peak of emitted light intensity in the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel from the emission surface. The lens array transmits one of the light transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portion and the light transmitted through the non-phase difference portion of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel. The light is emitted in the direction of the angle range where the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the left eye direction, and the other light is emitted in the direction of the angle range where the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the right eye direction with respect to the normal direction. It is preferable to emit light, and by doing so, it is possible to display a higher-quality three-dimensional image in which the luminance and contrast of both the left-eye image and the right-eye image are high.

  The second liquid crystal display device of the present invention is substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel toward the liquid crystal display panel on the side opposite to the viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel. A light source for selectively irradiating the first illumination light composed of linearly polarized light and the second illumination light composed of linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate is disposed, and the light source and the liquid crystal A screen area of the liquid crystal display panel between the display panel and the display panel is made to correspond to every other first area among a plurality of areas divided into a predetermined number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the screen. A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions are formed, and a phase difference element in which a non-phase difference portion is formed corresponding to each other second region is arranged, and the liquid crystal display panel is formed by the driving means. Among the plurality of pixels in the alternate first region The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image are alternately written in each corresponding pixel and each other pixel corresponding to every other second region. In synchronism with the writing of these image data, the first illumination light is irradiated from the light source, each pixel corresponding to each other first region, and every other second one. The image data for the right eye and the image data for the left eye are alternately written in each pixel corresponding to each of the regions, and the second illumination light is emitted from the light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data. Therefore, it is possible to display a high-quality three-dimensional image with high resolution of both the left-eye image and the right-eye image.

  In the second liquid crystal display device, the driving unit is configured to, in the first display period, each pixel corresponding to the every other first region of the every liquid crystal display panel, and every other every other area. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data are alternately written into each pixel corresponding to each of the second regions, and the liquid crystal display panel has a second display period following the first display period. It is preferable that the right-eye image data and the left-eye image data are alternately written in each pixel corresponding to the first area and each pixel corresponding to the second area. By increasing the driving duty of the liquid crystal display panel, it is possible to display a higher quality three-dimensional image without flickering.

  The third liquid crystal display device of the present invention is substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel toward the liquid crystal display panel on the side opposite to the viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel. A first directivity that is composed of linearly polarized light and has a peak of emitted light intensity in a direction tilted in the direction of the left or right eye of the display observer with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel. The peak of the emitted light intensity in a direction that is composed of illumination light and linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the opposite-side polarizing plate and is inclined in the direction of the other eye of the observer with respect to the normal direction A light source that selectively irradiates the second illumination light having directivity in the presence of the light source is disposed, and a screen area of the liquid crystal display panel is arranged between the light source and the liquid crystal display panel in a vertical direction of the screen. A plurality of areas divided into a predetermined number of pixels Among them, a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions are formed corresponding to every other first region, and a non-phase difference portion is formed corresponding to each other second region. A phase difference element is disposed, and the phase difference element is moved in the vertical direction of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel by the phase difference element moving means, so that the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and non-phase difference portions are arranged in the liquid crystal display panel. The first region and the second region of the liquid crystal display panel are alternately opposed to the first region and the second region of the liquid crystal display panel by the driving unit. Of the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel to each pixel in the first region when the non-phase difference portion is opposed to the other second region. Image data is written and right eye image data is written to each pixel in the second area. The first and second illumination lights are irradiated from the light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data, and the λ / 2 phase difference portion of the phase difference element is applied to the second region of the liquid crystal display panel. When the non-phase difference portion is opposed to the first area, right-eye image data is written to each pixel of the first area of the liquid crystal display panel, and each of the second areas is Since the image data for the left eye is written to the pixel and the first and second illumination lights are emitted from the light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data, the image for the left eye and the right eye It is possible to display a high-quality three-dimensional image in which the resolution of both of the images for use is high.

  In the third liquid crystal display device, the driving unit is configured such that, during the first display period, the every other pixel in the every other first area and every other every other second area of the liquid crystal display panel. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data are alternately written to each of the pixels, and each of the first regions of the liquid crystal display panel is displayed in a second display period subsequent to the first display period. It is preferable to write the right-eye image data and the left-eye image data alternately to the pixels and the pixels in the second region, and in this way, the drive duty of the liquid crystal display panel is increased. In addition, it is possible to display a higher quality three-dimensional image without flicker.

  In a fourth liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a light source for irradiating illumination light toward the liquid crystal display panel is disposed on the opposite side to the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel, and on the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel, A plurality of λ / 2 phase differences corresponding to every other first region among a plurality of regions obtained by dividing the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel by a predetermined number of pixels in the left-right direction of the screen. A phase difference element in which a plurality of non-phase difference portions are formed in correspondence with each other second region, and a plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel are arranged by the driving unit. Among them, the image data for one eye of the left and right eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image is written in each pixel corresponding to the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions of the phase difference element, For each pixel corresponding to a plurality of non-phase difference portions of the phase difference element The image data for the other eye is written, and the image light composed of linearly polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel is transmitted through one of a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and non-phase difference portions of the phase difference element. The left-eye linearly polarizing element that transmits the light emitted to the observation side, and the light emitted through the other of the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the non-phase difference portions of the phase difference element and transmitted to the observation side are transmitted. Since it is made to observe with the polarizing glasses for observation which have the linear polarizing element for right eyes to make it perform, a three-dimensional image can be displayed.

  In the fourth liquid crystal display device, the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the non-phase difference portions of the phase difference element divide the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel for each pixel in the horizontal direction of the screen. It is preferable to form them corresponding to a plurality of regions alternately. By doing so, it is possible to display a three-dimensional image with sufficient resolution for both the left-eye image and the right-eye image.

1 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device showing a first embodiment of the present invention. The top view of the said liquid crystal display device. FIG. 3 is an outgoing ray diagram when displaying a left-eye image and a right-eye image of the liquid crystal display device. FIG. 3 is an outgoing ray diagram when a first light emitter from a surface light source of the liquid crystal display device is turned on. FIG. 4 is an outgoing ray diagram when a second light emitter from a surface light source of the liquid crystal display device is turned on. FIG. 6 is an intensity distribution diagram of the outgoing light intensity of linearly polarized light in two directions when the first light emitter from the surface light source is turned on. FIG. 4 is an intensity distribution diagram of the outgoing light intensity of linearly polarized light in two directions when the second light emitter from the surface light source is turned on. The top view of the liquid crystal display device which shows the modification of a 1st Example. The perspective view of the light guide means of the surface light source which shows the other modification of a 1st Example, the 1st and 2nd light-emitting body, and the 1st and 2nd linearly polarized light element. The top view of the liquid crystal display device which shows 2nd Example of this invention. The display principle figure of the image for left eyes when the 1st illumination light is irradiated from the light source of the liquid crystal display device of a 2nd Example, and the image for right eyes. The display principle figure of the image for left eyes when the 2nd illumination light is irradiated from the light source of the liquid crystal display device of a 2nd Example, and the image for right eyes. The schematic diagram of the display image of the liquid crystal display panel in the liquid crystal display device of a 2nd Example. The perspective view of the liquid crystal display device which shows the 3rd Example of this invention. The top view of the liquid crystal display device of a 3rd Example. The perspective view of the liquid crystal display device which shows the 4th Example of this invention.

(First embodiment)
1 to 7 show a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a liquid crystal display device, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the liquid crystal display device.

  In this liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, polarizing plates 5 and 6 are arranged on the observation side (upper side in FIG. 2) and the opposite side, respectively, and a plurality of pixels (FIG. A liquid crystal display panel 1 having a screen area 1a arranged in a matrix in a row direction and a column direction, image data is written in the plurality of pixels, and an image corresponding to the image data is displayed; A surface light source 7 disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel from the observation side, the liquid crystal display panel 1 and a driving means 33 for the surface light source 7 are provided.

  The liquid crystal display panel 1 is an active matrix liquid crystal display panel, the internal structure of which is not shown, but one of the opposing inner surfaces of a pair of transparent substrates 2 and 3 joined via a frame-shaped sealing material 4. A plurality of transparent pixels formed in a matrix in the row direction (left-right direction of the screen) and the column direction (up-down direction of the screen) on the inner surface of the other substrate, for example, the substrate 3 opposite to the observation side Electrodes, a plurality of TFTs (thin film transistors) connected to these pixel electrodes, a plurality of gate wirings for supplying gate signals to the TFTs in each row, and a plurality of data wirings for supplying image data signals to the TFTs in each column And a single film-like transparent counter electrode facing the plurality of pixel electrodes is provided on the inner surface of the other substrate (observation side substrate) 2, and the seal between the pair of substrates 2 and 3 is provided. A liquid crystal layer is sealed in a region surrounded by 4.

  The liquid crystal display panel 1 is of a TN type in which the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer are twisted with a twist angle of substantially 90 ° between the pair of substrates 2 and 3, and the observation side polarizing plate The polarizing plate 6 on the opposite side to 5 is disposed so that the transmission axes thereof are orthogonal or parallel to each other. In FIG. 1, 6 a is a transmission axis of the opposite side polarizing plate 6.

  The surface light source 7 has incident portions 9a and 9b that allow light to enter, an exit surface 10 that emits light incident from the incident portions 9a and 9b, and light incident from the incident portions 9a and 9b toward the exit surface 10. The light guide means 8 that guides the light incident from the incident portions 9a and 9b and emits the light from the exit surface 10, and faces the incident portions 9a and 9b of the light guide means 8. The first and second light emitters 24 and 25 that are arranged and selectively lit, and have transmission axes 26a and 27a in one direction, and the first and second light emitters 24 and 25 The first and second linearly polarizing elements 26 and 27, which are arranged so that the transmission axes 26a and 27a are substantially orthogonal to each other on the exit side, and the exit surface 10 of the light guide means 8 are disposed opposite to each other. The phase difference element 28 and the light guiding means 8 of the phase difference element 28 are paired with each other. And a lens array 31 on the opposite side to the side where it is.

  The light guide means 8 is made of a transparent plate such as an acrylic resin plate having a rectangular planar shape corresponding to the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the incident portions 9a are respectively provided at two opposing end surfaces thereof. , 9b are formed, the exit surface 10 is formed on one of the two plate surfaces, and the reflection surface 11 that reflects the light incident from the incident portions 9a, 9b toward the exit surface 10 on the other plate surface. Is formed. Hereinafter, the light guide 8 is referred to as a light guide plate, and the incident portions 9a and 9b are referred to as incident end surfaces.

  The light exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 is formed as a flat surface, and the reflective surface 11 has a linear shape substantially parallel to the length direction of the incident end surfaces 9a and 9b, that is, the width direction of the light guide plate 8. A plurality of elongated grooves 12 are formed at a constant pitch in the length direction of the light guide plate 8.

  The light guide plate 8 reflects light incident from the incident end faces 9 a and 9 b in the length direction of the light guide plate 8 while internally reflecting the flat surface portion between the elongated grooves 12 of the reflection surface 11 and the emission surface 10. The light incident on each of the elongated grooves 12 of the reflecting surface 11 is internally reflected in the direction in which the angle with respect to the normal direction of the emitting surface 10 is reduced by the groove surface of the elongated groove 12 and is emitted from the emitting surface 10. Let

  Each of the elongated grooves 12 on the reflecting surface 11 of the light guide plate 8 is substantially at an angle of 45 ° in the direction of one incident end surface 9a and the other incident end surface 9b with respect to the normal direction of the exit surface 10. It is formed in an isosceles triangular cross section having two inclined groove surfaces, and the light incident from one incident end face 9a of the light guide plate 8 is emitted from the groove face on the one incident end face 9a side. The light reflected from the inner surface in the direction near the normal line of the surface 10 and incident from the other incident end surface 9b of the light guide plate 8 is directed in the direction near the normal line of the output surface 10 by the groove surface on the other incident end surface 9b side. Internal reflection.

  Therefore, the light incident on the light guide plate 8 from the one incident end surface 9a and the other incident end surface 9b and emitted from the output surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 is emitted light intensity in the normal direction of the output surface 10 respectively. It is light with directivity in which there is a peak.

  In the figure, the elongated groove 12 of the reflecting surface 11 of the light guide plate 8 is greatly exaggerated. However, the elongated groove 12 is formed at a pitch that is the same as or smaller than the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Therefore, the light emitted from the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 is light having a uniform intensity distribution with no intensity unevenness.

  The first and second light emitters 24 and 25 are each composed of a light emitting element array in which a plurality of solid state light emitting elements such as LEDs (light emitting diodes) are arranged. The incident end face 9a and the other incident end face 9b are arranged to face each other.

  Further, the first and second linearly polarizing elements 26 and 27 are formed in a shape corresponding to the incident end faces 9a and 9b of the light guide plate 8, and one incident end face 9a of the light guide plate 8 and the outside thereof. The linearly polarizing elements between the first light emitter 24 arranged on the second light emitter 24 and between the other incident end surface 9b of the light guide plate 8 and the second light emitter 25 arranged outside the light incident plate The transmission shafts 26a and 27a of 26 and 27 are arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the first linearly polarizing element 26 has its transmission axis 26a substantially in the width direction of the light guide plate 8 (the length direction of the incident end faces 9a and 9b). The second linearly polarizing element 27 is arranged in parallel with its transmission axis 27a substantially parallel to the thickness direction of the light guide plate 8 (the height direction of the incident end faces 9a and 9b). Yes.

  In addition, the phase difference element 28 disposed so as to face the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 is 1 / between the normal light and the abnormal light of the transmitted light in the direction along the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8. A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 giving phase differences of two wavelengths and a plurality of non-phase difference portions 30 having substantially no phase difference are alternately formed, and the plurality of λ / 2 phase differences are formed. As shown in FIG. 1, the portion 29 has a slow axis 29a in a direction substantially inclined by 45 ° with respect to the width direction of the light guide plate 8 (the length direction of the incident end faces 9a and 9b). Yes.

  That is, the slow axes 29 a of the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 are transmitted from the first light emitter 24 through the first linearly polarizing element 26 and incident on the light guide plate 8. The linearly polarized light emitted from the light emitting surface 10 and the second linearly polarized light element 27 are transmitted through the second light emitter 25 and incident on the light guide plate 8, and emitted from the light output surface 10 of the light guide plate 8. The linearly polarized light intersects with both polarization planes at a substantially 45 ° angle.

  The plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 have the same width and one direction along the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8, for example, the light guide plate 8. Are formed in a stripe shape parallel to the width direction (the length direction of the incident end faces 9a and 9b).

  In the figure, the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 and the non-phase difference portion 30 are greatly exaggerated, but the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 and the non-phase difference portion 30 are formed with the smallest possible width and pitch. ing.

  The retardation element 28 is formed by arranging, for example, elongated λ / 2 retardation films made of a uniaxially stretched film in a stripe pattern on one surface of a transparent sheet that does not substantially exhibit birefringence with respect to transmitted light. A plurality of λ by pasting or applying or printing a polymer liquid crystal on the transparent sheet surface and polymerizing the polymer liquid crystal by aligning the major molecular axes in one predetermined direction. / 2 retardation layer is formed, and the plurality of λ / 2 retardation portions 29 are formed by the formation portions of these λ / 2 retardation layers, and the λ / 2 retardation layers of the transparent sheet are formed. The plurality of non-phase-difference portions 30 are formed by portions that are not formed.

  Further, the lens array 31 provided on the opposite side of the phase difference element 28 from the side facing the light guide plate 8 has no adjacent λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 adjacent to the phase difference element 28. A plurality of lenses 32 respectively corresponding to a plurality of regions including the phase difference portion 30 are provided. These lenses 32 are a λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 and a non-phase difference portion 30 formed in the stripe shape. Are formed in an elongated shape having a width substantially the same as the total width of the adjacent λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and non-phase difference portions 30 in parallel with each other.

  In this embodiment, the lens array 31 is integrally formed on the surface opposite to the surface on which the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 is formed. An element manufactured separately from the phase difference element 28 may be arranged to face the phase difference element 28.

  The lens array 31 emits light that has been emitted from the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 and transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28 by the plurality of lenses 32 in advance. Light emitted in a first emission direction tilted in one direction with respect to a predetermined direction and transmitted through the non-phase difference portions 30 of the plurality of regions is transmitted in the predetermined direction by the plurality of lenses 32. On the other hand, the light is emitted in a second emission direction inclined in a direction opposite to the one direction.

  In this embodiment, the predetermined direction is the normal direction of the exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8, and the plurality of lenses 32 of the lens array 31 are the normal direction of the exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8. A convex lens that is parallel and that is symmetrical with respect to a plane passing through the boundary between the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 and the non-phase difference portion 30 of the plurality of regions is formed.

  The lens array 31 is incident on the light guide plate 8 from its incident end surfaces 9 a and 9 b, is reflected by the groove surface of each elongated groove 12 of the reflection surface 11 of the light guide plate 8, and is emitted from the light exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8. Of the light emitted in the direction near the normal line of the emission surface 10, the light transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28 is used as the method of the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8. A plurality of the phase difference elements 28 are emitted in the direction of an angle range in which the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the first emission direction inclined in the direction opposite to the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 side with respect to the line direction. The light transmitted through the non-phase-difference portion 30 in this area is emitted in a second emission direction inclined in the direction opposite to the non-phase-difference portion 30 side with respect to the normal direction of the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8. It emits in the direction of the angle range where the peak of the emission intensity exists.

  That is, when the surface light source 7 is turned on by one of the first and second light emitters 24 and 25, one of the linearly polarized light in two directions substantially orthogonal to each other in the first emission direction, Linearly polarized light is emitted in the second emission direction, and the other light emitting body is turned on to emit the one linearly polarized light in the second emission direction and the other linearly polarized light in the first emission direction. To do.

  4 and 5 are diagrams of light rays emitted from the surface light source 7. FIG. 4 shows light rays emitted when the first light emitter 24 is turned on. FIG. 5 shows lights emitted from the second light emitter 25. FIG. The emitted light is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the first light emitter 24 of the surface light source 7 is turned on, the light from the first light emitter 24 is transmitted by the first linearly polarizing element 26 with its transmission axis 26 a. Is incident on the light guide plate 8 from one incident end face 9a, and is reflected by the groove surface on the one incident end face 9a side of each elongated groove 12 of the reflective surface 11 of the light guide plate 8. Then, the light is emitted from the light exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 in the direction near the normal line of the light exit surface 10.

  The linearly polarized light S emitted from the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 is incident on the phase difference element 28, and is incident on a λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 in a plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28. The λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 having the slow axis 29a in an angle direction of substantially 45 ° with respect to the polarization plane is rotated by 90 ° by the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29. Then, the light passes through the first linearly polarizing element 26 and becomes linearly polarized light P substantially orthogonal to the linearly polarized light S incident on the light guide plate 8 and enters the lens array 31.

  Of the light emitted from the exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 and incident on the phase difference element 28, the light incident on the non-phase difference portions 30 of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28 is The light is transmitted through the phase difference portion 30 without substantially changing the polarization state, is transmitted through the first linear polarization element 26 and is incident on the lens array 31 with the linearly polarized light S incident on the light guide plate 8.

  Of the linearly polarized light P and S in the two directions, one linearly polarized light P from the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 in the plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28 is applied to each lens 32 of the lens array 31. A first light which is condensed by a portion corresponding to the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 and is inclined in a direction opposite to the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 side with respect to the normal direction of the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8. The other linearly polarized light S from the non-phase-difference portions 30 of the plurality of regions of the phase-difference element 28 corresponds to the non-phase-difference portions 30 of the lenses 32 of the lens array 31. And is emitted in a second emission direction inclined in a direction opposite to the non-phase difference portion 30 side with respect to the normal direction of the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the second light emitter 25 of the surface light source 7 is turned on, the light from the second light emitter 25 is transmitted by the second linearly polarizing element 27. A linearly polarized light P parallel to the axis 27 a is incident on the light guide plate 8 from the other incident end surface 9 b, and the groove surface on the other incident end surface 9 b side of each elongated groove 12 of the reflective surface 11 of the light guide plate 8. And is emitted from the exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 in a direction near the normal line of the exit surface 10.

  The linearly polarized light P emitted from the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 is incident on the phase difference element 28, and is incident on a λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 in a plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28. The λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 having the slow axis 29a in an angle direction of substantially 45 ° with respect to the polarization plane is rotated by 90 ° by the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29. Then, the light passes through the second linearly polarizing element 27 and becomes linearly polarized light S substantially orthogonal to the linearly polarized light P that has entered the light guide plate 8 and enters the lens array 31.

  Of the light emitted from the exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 and incident on the phase difference element 28, the light incident on the non-phase difference portions 30 of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28 is The light is transmitted through the phase difference portion 30 without substantially changing the polarization state, is transmitted through the second linear polarization element 27, and is incident on the lens array 31 with the linearly polarized light P incident on the light guide plate 8.

  Of the linearly polarized light P and S in the two directions, one linearly polarized light P from the non-phase difference portion 30 in the plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28 is the non-linearity of each lens 32 of the lens array 31. The light is collected by a portion corresponding to the phase difference portion 30 and emitted in a second emission direction inclined in a direction opposite to the non-phase difference portion 30 side with respect to the normal direction of the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8. The other linearly polarized light S from the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28 is collected by the portion corresponding to the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of each lens 32 of the lens array 31. The light is emitted and emitted in a first emission direction inclined in a direction opposite to the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 side with respect to the normal direction of the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8.

  FIG. 6 is an intensity distribution diagram of emitted light of the linearly polarized light P and S in the two directions when the first light emitter 24 from the surface light source 7 is turned on, and FIG. 7 is a second light emission of the surface light source 7. FIG. 8 is an intensity distribution diagram of the emitted light of the linearly polarized light P and S in the two directions when the body 25 is turned on. In FIGS. 6 and 7, the positive angle is the normal line of the exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8. The inclination angle of the first emission direction and the negative angle with respect to the direction (0 °) are the inclination angle of the second emission direction with respect to the normal direction (0 °).

  As described above, the surface light source 7 causes the linearly polarized light P in one of two directions substantially perpendicular to each other in the normal direction of the exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 by turning on the first light emitter 24. On the other hand, the other linearly polarized light S is directed to the normal direction of the exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 in the direction of the angle range where the peak of the exit light intensity exists in the first exit direction inclined in one direction. When the second light emitting body 25 is turned on, the one straight line is emitted in the direction of the angle range where the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the second emission direction inclined in the direction opposite to the one direction. Polarized light P is in the direction of the angular range where the peak of the outgoing light intensity exists in the second outgoing direction, and the other linearly polarized light S is in the direction of the angular range where the peak of outgoing light intensity exists in the first outgoing direction. Each is emitted.

  Therefore, the surface light source 7 is arranged on the opposite side to the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in which the polarizing plates 5 and 6 are arranged on the observation side and the opposite side, respectively. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image are alternately written in the pixels, and one of the light emitters 24 of the surface light source 7 is synchronized with the writing of the left-eye image data. Alternatively, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display device that displays a three-dimensional image by turning on 25 and turning on the other light emitter 25 or 24 of the surface light source 7 in synchronization with the writing of the image data for the left eye.

  In the liquid crystal display device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the surface light source 7 is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 from the observation side. Opposite to the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the normal direction of the light exit surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 is made to coincide with the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and one of the first and second light emission directions is The liquid crystal display panel 1 is directed in a direction inclined to the left eye direction of the display observer with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the other emission direction is directed to the right eye direction of the observer with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1. It is arranged in a tilted direction.

  Therefore, the light guide plate 8 of the surface light source 7 emits light having directivity in which the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1 from the emission surface 10, and the surface light source 7. The lens array 31 in the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1 uses one of the light transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 and the light transmitted through the non-phase difference portion 30 of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28. With respect to the display observer's left eye direction in the direction of the angle range in which the peak of the emitted light intensity exists, and the other light is emitted in the observer's right eye direction with respect to the normal direction The light is emitted in the direction of the angle range in which the peak exists.

  Furthermore, the direction of the transmission axes 26a and 27a of the first and second linearly polarizing elements 26 and 27 of the surface light source 7 depends on the direction of the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1. When one of the first and second light emitters 24, 25 is turned on, linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the polarizing plate 6 on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is directed toward the left eye. A linearly polarized light that is substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6a of the side polarizing plate 6 is emitted in the right eye direction, and a straight line that is substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 when the other light emitter is turned on. It is set so that the polarized light is emitted in the left eye direction, and the linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 is emitted in the right eye direction.

  The liquid crystal display panel 1 and the driving means 33 of the surface light source 7 alternately perform left eye image data and right eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image on a plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The one light emitter 24 or 25 of the surface light source 7 is turned on in synchronization with the writing of the left eye image data, and the other light source 24 of the surface light source 7 is synchronized with the writing of the left eye image data. It consists of a drive circuit that turns on the light emitter 25 or 24.

  In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is parallel to the horizontal direction of the screen, and the first and first of the surface light source 7 are arranged. As described above, the transmission axes 26a and 27a of the two linearly polarizing elements 26 and 27, the slow axes 29a of the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28, and the length directions of the lenses 32 of the lens array 31 are as described above. When the first light emitter 24 is turned on from the surface light source 7, the linearly polarized light P substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the polarizing plate 6 on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is left. The linearly polarized light S substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 is emitted in the right direction toward the right eye, and the second light emitter 25 is turned on to transmit the linearly polarized light S through the opposite polarizing plate 6. Linearly polarized light S substantially perpendicular to the axis 6a in the left eye direction, The linearly polarized light P substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite side polarizing plate 6 is emitted in the right eye direction, and the driving means 33 is used for the left eye to a plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The first light emitter 24 of the surface light source 7 is turned on in synchronization with the writing of the image data, and the second light emitter 25 of the surface light source 7 is turned on in synchronization with the writing of the image data for the left eye. It is composed.

  In this liquid crystal display device, the surface light source 7 having the above configuration is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 from the observation side, the lens array 31 is opposed to the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the first emission direction is set. The second emission direction is inclined in the right eye direction of the observer with respect to the normal direction, in a direction inclined in the left eye direction of the display observer with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1 The linearly polarized light P substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite side polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is turned in the left eye direction toward the left eye by turning on the first light emitter 24. The linearly polarized light S substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6 a of the plate 6 is emitted in the right eye direction, and is substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6 a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 when the second light emitter 25 is turned on. The linearly polarized light S is directed toward the left eye, and the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 The substantially parallel linearly polarized light P is disposed so as to be emitted in the right eye direction, and the left eye image data and the right eye image data are applied to the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1 by the driving unit 33. The first light emitter 24 of the surface light source 7 is turned on in synchronization with the writing of the left eye image data, and the second light source 7 of the surface light source 7 is synchronized with the writing of the left eye image data. Since the light emitter 25 is turned on, a high-quality three-dimensional image with high resolution of both the left-eye image and the right-eye image can be displayed.

  FIG. 3 is an outgoing ray diagram when displaying an image for the left eye and an image for the right eye of the liquid crystal display device, and (a) is an outgoing ray when displaying an image for the left eye, ) Shows the emitted light when the right-eye image is displayed.

  The liquid crystal display device writes image data for the left eye to a plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and lights the first light emitter 24 of the surface light source 7 in synchronization with the writing of the image data for the left eye. The left eye image is displayed, the right eye image data is written in the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the second light emitter 25 of the surface light source 7 is synchronized with the writing of the right eye image data. Is turned on to display the right-eye image.

  That is, when the first light emitter 24 of the surface light source 7 is turned on, the surface light source 7 and the transmission axis 6a of the opposite side polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 are substantially connected as shown in FIG. Linearly polarized light P parallel to the left eye direction and linearly polarized light S substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 are emitted in the right eye direction. The linearly polarized light P emitted in the left eye direction enters the liquid crystal display panel 1 through the opposite polarizing plate 6 and enters the right eye direction as indicated by an arrow in FIG. The emitted linearly polarized light S is absorbed by the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1.

  Therefore, when the left-eye image data is written to the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and the first light emitter 24 of the surface light source 7 is turned on in synchronization with the writing of the left-eye image data, Image light corresponding to the left-eye image data is emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 1 toward the left eye of the display observer, and the left-eye image is observed by the left eye of the observer.

  When the second light emitter 25 of the surface light source 7 is turned on, the surface light source 7 and the transmission axis 6a of the polarizing plate 6 on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 are substantially connected as shown in FIG. The linearly polarized light P parallel to the right eye direction is emitted in the right eye direction, and the linearly polarized light S substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 is emitted in the left eye direction. The linearly polarized light P emitted in the right eye direction passes through the opposite polarizing plate 6 and enters the liquid crystal display panel 1 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 3B, and in the left eye direction. The emitted linearly polarized light S is absorbed by the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1.

  Therefore, when the right eye image data is written to the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and the second light emitter 25 of the surface light source 7 is turned on in synchronization with the writing of the right eye image data, Image light corresponding to the right-eye image data is emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 1 toward the right eye of the display observer, and the right-eye image is observed by the right and left eyes of the observer.

  Thus, the liquid crystal display device writes the left eye image data to the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the first light emitter of the surface light source 7 in synchronization with the writing of the left eye image data. 24 is turned on to display the image for the left eye on the liquid crystal display panel 1, the image data for the left eye is written in a plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the image data for the left eye is synchronized with the writing of the image data for the left eye The second light emitter 25 of the surface light source 7 is turned on to display a right eye image on the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the liquid crystal display device displays the left eye image and the right eye image, respectively. Since all the pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1 can be used for display, it is possible to display a high-quality three-dimensional image with high resolution for both the left-eye image and the right-eye image.

  Moreover, the liquid crystal display device emits light having directivity in which the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1 from the emission surface 10 of the light guide plate 8 of the surface light source 7. By the lens array 31 of the surface light source 7, one of the light transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 and the light transmitted through the non-phase difference portion 30 of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element 28 is changed to the liquid crystal display panel 1. The direction of the left eye of the display observer is emitted in the direction of the angle range where the peak of the emitted light exists in the direction of the left eye of the display observer, and the other light is emitted in the direction of the right eye of the observer with respect to the normal direction. Since the light is emitted in the direction of the angle range where the peak of the emitted light intensity exists, a higher-quality three-dimensional image with high brightness and contrast of both the left-eye image and the right-eye image is displayed. can do.

  In the liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display panel 1 is not provided with a color filter, and the first and second light emitters 24 and 25 of the surface light source 7 are respectively provided with a red LED, a green LED, and a blue LED. Even in a field sequential liquid crystal display device that selectively emits light of three colors of red, green, and blue from these light emitters 24, 25, the liquid crystal display panel 1 has a plurality of pixels. Correspondingly, a liquid crystal display device provided with three color filters of red, green, and blue and emitting white light from the first and second light emitters 24 and 25 of the surface light source 7 may be used.

  In the case of the field-sequential liquid crystal display device, the driving unit 33 has three unit colors of red, green, and blue for each of six fields obtained by dividing one frame for displaying one three-dimensional color image into six. One of the left-eye image data and the right-eye image data is selected in an arbitrary order and sequentially written in each pixel of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the left of each unit color of red, green, and blue In synchronization with the writing of the image data for the eye, the LED of the color of the writing image data among the red, green and blue LEDs of the first light emitter 24 of the surface light source 7 is turned on, and red, green The color of the writing image data of the red, green and blue LEDs of the second light emitter 25 of the surface light source 7 in synchronization with the writing of the right eye image data of each unit color of blue. The LED is turned on.

  Further, in the case of a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal display panel 1 is provided with three color filters of red, green, and blue, the driving means 33 has one frame for displaying one three-dimensional color image. In one of the two divided fields, image data for the left eye composed of color data of three colors of red, green, and blue is written in each pixel of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and in the other of the two fields, red, The right-eye image data composed of three color data of green and blue is written to each pixel of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the first light emitter of the surface light source 7 is synchronized with the writing of the left-eye image data. 24 is turned on, and the second light emitter 25 of the surface light source 7 is turned on in synchronization with the writing of the right-eye image data.

  In addition, the light guide means of the surface light source 7 is not limited to the light guide plate 8, an incident portion for entering light, an emission surface for emitting light incident from the incident portion, and the light incident from the incident portion are emitted. Any other configuration may be used as long as it has a reflecting surface that reflects toward the surface and guides the light incident from the incident portion and emits the light from the emitting surface.

  FIG. 8 is a plan view of a liquid crystal display device showing a modification of the first embodiment. In this modification, the surface light source 7 is provided with a light guide means 13 comprising a prism sheet 14 and a reflector 16. It is a configuration.

  This light guide means 13 is opposed to a prism forming surface of a prism sheet 14 in which a plurality of elongated prisms 15 are formed in parallel on one surface with a space between the reflecting plate 16 and the prism sheet 14. The incident portions 17a and 17b for allowing light to enter are formed by two end portions in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the elongated prism 15 in the space between the prism sheet 14 and the reflecting plate 16. An exit surface 14a of light incident from the incident portions 17a and 17b is formed by a surface opposite to the prism forming surface of the prism sheet 14, and the incident portion 17a is formed by a surface of the reflecting plate 16 facing the prism sheet 14. , 17b is formed with a reflection surface 16a for reflecting the light incident on the emission surface 14a.

  The light guide means 13 reflects the light incident from the incident portions 17a and 17b by the reflecting surface 16a of the reflecting plate 16 to the prism sheet 14 as indicated by arrows and broken lines in the figure. The incident light is refracted by the plurality of elongated prisms 15 of the prism sheet 14 and is emitted from the emission surface 14a of the prism sheet 14 in the normal direction of the emission surface 14a.

  And the surface light source 7 of this embodiment arrange | positions the 1st and 2nd light-emitting bodies 24 and 25 facing the incident parts 17a and 17b of the said two edge parts of the said light guide means 13, respectively, First and second linearly polarizing elements 26 and 27 each having a transmission axis in one direction are arranged on the emission side of the light emitters 24 and 25, respectively, and are opposed to the emission surface 14a of the light guide means 13. A phase difference element 28 is arranged, and the lens array 31 is provided on the opposite side of the phase difference element 28 from the side facing the light guide means 13.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the light guide means of the surface light source, the first and second light emitters, and the first and second linearly polarizing elements showing another modification of the first embodiment, and this modification. The light guide means forms an incident portion (hereinafter referred to as an incident end face) 19 for allowing light to enter one end face of the transparent plate, and enters the one of the two plate faces of the transparent plate from the incident end face 19. A light guide plate 18 in which a flat emission surface 20 for emitting light is formed, and a reflection surface 21 for reflecting light incident from the incident portion 19 toward the emission surface 20 is formed on the other plate surface of the transparent plate. It is what.

  The reflection surface 21 of the light guide plate 18 is composed of an inclined surface that is inclined stepwise in a direction approaching the exit surface 20 from one end side where the incident end surface 19 is formed toward the other end side. Each sloping stepped surface forms an elongated reflecting portion 22 that internally reflects light incident from the incident end surface 19 in a direction near the normal line of the exit surface 20.

  In the surface light source of this embodiment, a plurality of pieces (two in the figure) each having a shape in which the incident end face 19 is divided into an even number in the length direction are opposed to the incident end face 19 at one end of the light guide plate 18. The first and second light emitters 24, 25 are alternately arranged in the length direction of the incident end face 19, and the first and second linearly polarizing elements 26, 25 are respectively disposed on the emission side of the light emitters 24, 25. 27 are arranged with their transmission axes substantially orthogonal to each other, and between the incident end face 19 of the light guide plate 18 and the linearly polarizing elements 26, 27, the first and second light emitters 24, 25 is provided with a diffusion plate 23 for making the intensity distribution of linearly polarized light that is emitted from 25 and transmitted through the first and second linearly polarizing elements 26 and 27 uniform and incident on the light guide plate 18. Although omitted in 9, the exit surface 2 of the light guide plate 18 is omitted. Wherein the phase difference element 28 are opposed are arranged, the lens array 31 on the opposite side to the side facing the light guide plate 18 of the retardation element 28 is provided.

  Since the surface light sources of the respective modifications shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are configured as described above, the first and second surface light sources are similar to the surface light source 7 of the first embodiment described above. As one of the light emitters 24 and 25 is turned on, the first emission in which one of the linearly polarized light in two directions substantially orthogonal to each other is inclined in one direction with respect to the normal direction of the emission surface 20 of the light guide plate 18. Direction, the other linearly polarized light is emitted in a second emission direction inclined in a direction opposite to the one direction with respect to the normal direction of the emission surface 20 of the light guide plate 18, and the other light emitter is turned on. The one linearly polarized light can be emitted in the second emission direction, and the other linearly polarized light can be emitted in the first emission direction.

  Therefore, by arranging this surface light source on the side opposite to the viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 to constitute a liquid crystal display device, the luminance and contrast of both the left eye image and the right eye image are high. A quality 3D image can be displayed.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 10 is a plan view of a liquid crystal display device showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, components corresponding to the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the same components is omitted.

  The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and is polarized on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 toward the liquid crystal display panel 1. The first illumination light composed of linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6a of the plate 6 and the second illumination light composed of linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite side polarizing plate 6 are selected. The phase difference is arranged between the light source 34 and the light source 34 and the liquid crystal display panel 1 so as to be close to or in contact with the liquid crystal display panel 1 and substantially parallel to the liquid crystal display panel 1. An element 28, the liquid crystal display panel 1, and a driving means 43 for the light source 34 are provided.

  The light source 34 is a surface light source that irradiates the first illumination light and the second illumination light with uniform intensity distribution toward the liquid crystal display panel 1, and corresponds to, for example, the screen area 1 a of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The incident end faces 36a and 36b are formed on the two opposite end faces of the transparent plate such as an acrylic resin plate having a rectangular planar shape, and the incident portion is formed on one of the two plate faces. An exit surface 37 that emits light incident from 36a and 36b is formed, and a reflective surface 38 that internally reflects the light incident from the entrance portions 36a and 36b toward the exit surface 37 is formed on the other plate surface. The first light guide plate 35 and the first and second light emitters 39 and 40 which are arranged to face the two incident end faces 36a and 36b of the light guide plate 35 and are selectively lit, are transmitted in one direction. Has axis The first and second linearly polarizing elements 41 and 42 are disposed on the emission sides of the first and second light emitters 39 and 40, respectively, with their transmission axes substantially orthogonal to each other. Yes.

  The first and second light emitters 39 and 40 are each composed of a light-emitting element array in which a plurality of solid-state light-emitting elements such as LEDs are arranged. The other incident end face 36b is arranged so as to face each other.

  The first and second linearly polarizing elements 41 and 42 are formed in a shape corresponding to the incident end faces 36a and 36b of the light guide plate 35, and one of the incident end faces 36a of the light guide plate 35 and the outside thereof. Linearly polarized light elements between the first light emitter 39 disposed on the light guide plate 35 and between the other light incident end surface 36b of the light guide plate 35 and the second light emitter 40 disposed on the outside thereof. The transmission axes 41 and 42 are arranged so as to be substantially orthogonal.

  In this embodiment, the first linearly polarizing element 41 is arranged with its transmission axis substantially parallel to the width direction of the light guide plate 35 (the length direction of the incident end faces 36a and 36b), and the second The linearly polarizing element 42 is arranged so that its transmission axis is substantially parallel to the thickness direction of the light guide plate 35 (the height direction of the incident end faces 36a and 36b).

  The light source 34 selectively turns on the first light emitter 39 and the second light emitter 40 by the driving means 43, and the first linearly polarizing element is turned on by turning on the first light emitter 39. First illumination light composed of linearly polarized light parallel to the transmission axis of 41 is emitted from the exit surface 37 of the light guide plate 35, and is transmitted through the second linearly polarized light element 42 by turning on the second light emitter 40. Second illumination light composed of linearly polarized light parallel to the axis, that is, linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the first illumination light, is emitted from the emission surface 37 of the light guide plate 35.

  The light source 34 is provided on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 from the observation side, and the polarization plane of the first illumination light out of the first and second illumination lights emitted from the emission surface 37 of the light guide plate 35. Is substantially perpendicular to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite-side polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the polarization plane of the second illumination light is substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite-side polarizing plate 6. Has been.

  The phase difference element 28 corresponds to every other first area among a plurality of areas obtained by dividing the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 into a predetermined number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the screen. Thus, a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 that give a phase difference of ½ wavelength between the ordinary light and the extraordinary light of the transmitted light are formed to correspond to the other second regions, respectively. The plurality of non-phase difference portions 30 having substantially no phase difference are formed, and the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 are formed in the width direction of the light guide plate 35 (the lengths of the incident end faces 36a and 36b). And a slow axis in a direction substantially inclined by 45 ° with respect to the vertical direction.

  That is, the slow axes of the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 are transmitted from the first light emitter 39 of the light source 34 through the first linearly polarizing element 41 and incident on the light guide plate 35. The first illumination light composed of linearly polarized light that exits from the exit surface 37 of the light guide plate 35 and the second linearly polarized light element 42 from the second light emitter 40 are incident on the light guide plate 35, and It intersects with both polarization planes of the second illumination light composed of linearly polarized light emitted from the exit surface 37 of the light guide plate 35 at an angle of substantially 45 °.

  In this embodiment, the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is divided for each pixel column in the horizontal direction of the screen, and a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and a non-phase difference portion 30 of the phase difference element 28 are obtained. In the up-down direction of the screen, corresponding to every other first area and every other second area of each area divided for each pixel column of the liquid crystal display panel 1 It is formed in a vertical stripe shape along.

  In addition, the driving unit 43 is configured such that, during the first display period, the liquid crystal display panel 1 as viewed from the alternate first region, that is, the display viewing side among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Every other pixel column, for example, odd numbers, facing the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 on a line inclined to the left direction (the left eye direction of the display observer M) with respect to the normal direction of Each pixel in the numbered pixel row and every other second region, that is, the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1 when viewed from the viewing side of the display (the right eye of the display observer M) A three-dimensional image is applied to every other pixel column facing the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28, for example, each pixel in an even-numbered pixel column on a line inclined in the direction). Write left-eye image data and right-eye image data for display alternately, The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data for displaying the three-dimensional image are alternately written in each corresponding pixel and each other pixel corresponding to every other second region. The first illumination light is emitted from the light source 34 in synchronization with the writing of the image data, and each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel column and the even number are displayed in a second display period subsequent to the first display period. Drive for alternately writing image data for the right eye and image data for the left eye to each pixel in the numbered pixel row and irradiating the second illumination light from the light source 34 in synchronization with the writing of the image data It consists of a circuit.

  The liquid crystal display device may be a field sequential liquid crystal display device or a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal display panel 1 is provided with three color filters of red, green, and blue. In the case of a field sequential liquid crystal display device, , The driving means 43 is set to the left of one unit color among the three unit colors of red, green and blue for every six fields obtained by dividing one frame for displaying one three-dimensional color image into six fields. The image data for the eye and the image data for the right eye are written in each pixel of the odd-numbered and even-numbered pixel columns and each pixel of the other pixel column, and these red, green, and blue unit colors In synchronization with the writing of the left-eye image data and the right-eye image data, the light source 34 emits the first or second illumination light of the color of the written image data among the three colors of red, green, and blue. To be configured.

  Further, in the case of a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal display panel 1 is provided with three color filters of red, green, and blue, the driving means 43 has one frame for displaying one three-dimensional color image. For each of the two divided fields, the left-eye image data and the right-eye image data composed of color data of three colors of red, green, and blue are converted into each pixel in one of the odd-numbered and even-numbered pixel columns. In addition, the first white light or the second white illumination light is emitted from the light source 34 in synchronization with each pixel of the other pixel column.

  11 and 12 are diagrams showing the display principle of the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment. FIG. 11 shows the left-eye image and the right-eye image when the first illumination light is irradiated from the light source 34. FIG. 12 shows the display principle of the image for the left eye and the image for the right eye when the second illumination light is irradiated from the light source 34.

  The liquid crystal display device writes left-eye image data to each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel row among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the right-eye image is written to each pixel of the even-numbered pixel row. Data is written, and the first illumination light is emitted from the light source 34 in synchronization with the writing of the image data, and the first left-eye image for every other row and the first right-eye for every other row. An image is displayed, and subsequently, the left-eye image data is written to each pixel of the even-numbered pixel row, and the right-eye image data is written to each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel row. The second illumination light is emitted from the light source 34 in synchronization with the writing, and the second left-eye image and the first right-eye image between the first left-eye image columns. The second right-eye image is displayed, and these four images are used to display a high-definition three-dimensional image. To display.

  That is, when the first illumination light composed of linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is irradiated from the light source 34, the first illumination Of the light, the light transmitted through the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 and having the plane of polarization rotated by 90 ° passes through the opposite polarizing plate 6 to the liquid crystal display panel 1. Light that is incident and transmitted through the plurality of non-phase-difference portions 30 of the retardation element 28 without substantially changing the polarization state is absorbed by the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1.

  Therefore, the left-eye image data is written to each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel column of the liquid crystal display panel 1, the right-eye image data is written to each pixel of the even-numbered pixel column, and these image data are written. The left-eye image data is written out of the light transmitted through the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 when the first illumination light is irradiated from the light source 34 in synchronization. The light incident on each pixel (pixels filled in FIG. 11) Da in the odd-numbered pixel row is emitted toward the left eye of the observer M as the left-eye image L1 displayed on the pixel, Light that has entered each pixel (white pixel in FIG. 11) Db of the even-numbered pixel row into which the right-eye image data has been written is displayed as the right-eye image R1 displayed by the observer M. The light is emitted toward the right eye. Therefore, the left eye of the odd-numbered pixel column can be observed by the observer's left eye, and the right-eye image of the even-numbered pixel column can be observed by the right eye.

  When the second illumination light composed of linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is emitted from the light source 34, the second illumination is applied. Of the light, the light transmitted through the plurality of non-phase-difference portions 30 of the retardation element 28 without substantially changing the polarization state passes through the opposite-side polarizing plate 6 and enters the liquid crystal display panel 1. The light transmitted through the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 and having the plane of polarization rotated by 90 ° is absorbed by the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1.

  Therefore, the left-eye image data is written to each pixel of the even-numbered pixel column of the liquid crystal display panel 1, the right-eye image data is written to each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel column, and the writing of these image data is performed. The left-eye image data is written out of the light transmitted through the plurality of non-phase-difference portions 30 of the phase-difference element 28 when the second illumination light is irradiated from the light source 34 in synchronization with However, the light incident on each pixel (pixels filled in FIG. 12) Db of the even-numbered pixel row is emitted toward the left eye of the observer M as the left-eye image L2 displayed on the pixel, and Light incident on each pixel (white pixel in FIG. 12) Da of the odd-numbered pixel row in which the image data for the right eye is written is displayed as an image R2 for the right eye displayed on the pixel. The light is emitted toward the right eye. Therefore, it is possible to cause the left eye of the observer to observe the image for the left eye for each even-numbered pixel column, and allow the right eye to observe the image for the right eye for each odd-numbered pixel column.

  FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a display image of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the liquid crystal display device of the second embodiment. FIG. 13A is a diagram illustrating the irradiation of the first illumination light from the light source 34 as shown in FIG. FIG. 12 shows a left-eye image L1 displayed by the odd-numbered pixel columns and a right-eye image R1 displayed by the even-numbered pixel columns when the light source is turned on, as shown in FIG. 34 shows a left-eye image L2 displayed by the even-numbered pixel row and a right-eye image R2 displayed by the odd-numbered pixel row when the second illumination light is irradiated from 34.

  That is, in the liquid crystal display device, when the first illumination light is irradiated from the light source 34, the plurality of non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 act as a parallax barrier, and the odd-numbered pixels The left eye image L1 displayed by the columns is observed by the left eye of the display observer M, the right eye image R1 displayed by the even-numbered pixel columns is observed by the right eye of the display observer M, and When the second illumination light is irradiated from the light source 34, the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 act as a parallax barrier, and are displayed by the even-numbered pixel columns. The image L2 for eyes is observed by the left eye of the display observer M, and the image R2 for right eyes displayed by the odd-numbered pixel columns is observed by the left eye of the display observer M.

  Therefore, the left-eye image L1 displayed by the odd-numbered pixel columns and the left-eye image L2 displayed by the even-numbered pixel columns have a high-resolution left-eye image (A in the display example of FIG. 13). Character image) is observed by the left eye of the display observer M, and the resolution is determined by the right-eye image R1 displayed by the even-numbered pixel columns and the right-eye image R2 displayed by the odd-numbered pixel columns. The right eye image (Z character image in the display example of FIG. 13) can be observed by the right eye of the observer M.

  In this embodiment, a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 are placed in each of the regions divided for each pixel column of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The first area of the liquid crystal display panel and the other second areas are formed so as to correspond to each other, but the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is divided into a plurality of pixel columns in the horizontal direction of the screen, for example, It is divided into about 2 to 10 pixel columns, and the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 are divided into the plurality of pixel columns of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Each other region may be formed so as to correspond to every other first region and every other second region.

  Thus, in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, the transmission axis of the polarizing plate 6 on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is directed toward the liquid crystal display panel 1 on the side opposite to the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel 1. A light source that selectively irradiates the first illumination light composed of linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to 6a and the second illumination light composed of linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 34, and the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is divided between the light source 34 and the liquid crystal display panel 1 among a plurality of areas divided into a predetermined number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the screen. A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 are formed corresponding to each other first region, and a plurality of non-phase difference portions 30 are formed corresponding to each other second region. The formed phase difference element 28 is arranged, and the driving means 43 Left-eye image on each pixel corresponding to each other first region and each other second region among the plurality of pixels of crystal display panel 1 Data and right-eye image data are alternately written, and the first illumination light is irradiated from the light source 34 in synchronization with the writing of these image data, and each of the first regions corresponds to the alternate first region. The right eye image data and the left eye image data are alternately written to the pixels and the respective pixels corresponding to the other second regions, and the light source is synchronized with the writing of the image data. Since the second illumination light is irradiated from 34, it is possible to display a high-quality three-dimensional image with high resolution of both the left-eye image and the right-eye image.

  Further, in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, the driving means 43 causes each pixel corresponding to each other first region of the liquid crystal display panel 1 during the first display period, and the other The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data are alternately written to each pixel corresponding to every other second region, and in the second display period following the first display period, The right-eye image data and the left-eye image data are alternately written in each pixel corresponding to the first area and each pixel corresponding to the second area of the liquid crystal display panel 1, respectively. Therefore, it is possible to display a higher quality three-dimensional image without flickering.

(Third embodiment)
14 and 15 are a perspective view and a plan view of a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, components corresponding to the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the same components is omitted.

  The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and is polarized on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 toward the liquid crystal display panel 1. The outgoing light is composed of linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6a of the plate 6 and tilted in the direction of the left or right eye of the display observer M with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The first illumination light a having directivity with an intensity peak and linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 and the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1 A light source 44 for selectively irradiating the second illumination light b having directivity in which the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in a direction inclined toward the other eye of the observer M, and the light source Between the liquid crystal display panel 1 and the liquid crystal display panel 1. A phase difference element 28 that is disposed in proximity to or in contact with the liquid crystal panel 1 and substantially parallel to the liquid crystal display panel 1, and a phase difference that moves the phase difference element 28 in the vertical direction of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel 1. An element moving unit 51, the liquid crystal display panel 1, and a driving unit 52 for the light source 44 are provided.

  The light source 44 is a surface light source that irradiates the first illumination light a and the second illumination light b with uniform intensity distribution toward the liquid crystal display panel 1, for example, the screen area 1 a of the liquid crystal display panel 1. First and second light source portions 45a and 45b corresponding to the right half region and the left half region, respectively, and transmission axes 48a and 49a in one direction, and the first and second light source portions. The first and second linearly polarizing elements 48 and 49, which are arranged so that the transmission axes 48a and 49a are substantially orthogonal to each other on the emission side of 45a and 45b, respectively, and viewed from the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 The first illumination light a emitted from the right first light source unit 45a and converted into linearly polarized light parallel to the transmission axis 48a by the first linear polarization element 48 is transmitted to one eye of the display observer M. Condensing in the direction, for example, the left eye direction, and viewed from the observation side Direction of the other eye of the observer M from the second illumination light b emitted from the second light source unit 45b on the side and converted into linearly polarized light parallel to the transmission axis 49a by the second linearly polarizing element 49 That is, it is constituted by a circular Fresnel lens 50 that condenses light toward the right eye.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is made parallel to the horizontal direction of the screen, and the light emitted from the first light source section 45a of the light source 44. The transmission axis 48a of the first linearly polarizing element 48 disposed on the side is substantially perpendicular to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and is on the emission side of the second light source unit 45b. The transmission axis 49 a of the arranged second linearly polarizing element 49 is substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6 a of the opposite polarizing plate 6. In FIG. 14, reference numeral 5 a denotes the transmission axis of the observation side polarizing plate 5 of the liquid crystal display panel 1.

  Each of the first and second light source portions 45a and 45b is made of a transparent plate such as an acrylic resin plate having a rectangular planar shape corresponding to the right half and left half regions of the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1. An incident end surface for allowing light to enter is formed on one end surface thereof, an exit surface for emitting light incident from the incident portion is formed on one of the two plate surfaces, and incident on the other plate surface from the incident portion. The light guide plate 46 is formed with a reflection surface that reflects light toward the emission surface, and the light emitter 47 is disposed to face the incident end surface of the light guide plate 46. The light emitting body 47 is composed of a light emitting element array in which a plurality of solid state light emitting elements such as LEDs are arranged, and is arranged with its emission surface facing the incident end face of the light guide plate 46.

  In the light source 44, both the light emitting body 47 of the first light source unit 45 a and the light emitting body 47 of the second light source unit 45 b are turned on by the driving means 52, and the opposite side polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is turned on. The output light intensity peak is present in a direction inclined in the direction of the left eye of the display observer M with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The first illumination light a having the linearity and linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 and the observer M with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1 The second illumination light b having directivity in which the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the direction inclined to the direction of the other eye is directed toward the liquid crystal display panel 1 as indicated by an arrow in FIG. Irradiate.

  The phase difference element 28 is provided for every other one of a plurality of regions obtained by dividing the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in a predetermined number of pixels in the vertical direction of the screen, for example, for each pixel. A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 that give a phase difference of ½ wavelength between the ordinary light and the extraordinary light of the transmitted light are formed corresponding to each of the first region, and every other second A plurality of non-phase-difference portions 30 having substantially no phase difference are formed so as to correspond to each of the regions, and the plurality of λ / 2 phase-difference portions 29 are first light source portions of the light source 44. The transmission axis 48a of the first linearly polarizing element 48 disposed on the emission side of 45a and the transmission axis 49a of the second linearly polarizing element 49 disposed on the emission side of the second light source unit 45b are substantially reduced. It has a slow axis 29a in a direction inclined by 45 °.

  In this embodiment, the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is divided for each pixel row in the vertical direction of the screen, and a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 are obtained. In the left-right direction of the screen, corresponding to every other first region and every other second region of each region divided for each pixel row of the liquid crystal display panel 1 It is formed in a horizontal stripe shape along the line.

  Although the structure of the phase difference element moving means 51 is not shown, it is composed of, for example, a linear stepping motor, and the phase difference element 28 is changed to λ / 2 according to a timing signal supplied from the drive means 52. The liquid crystal is moved in the vertical direction of the screen by a stroke corresponding to the pitch of the phase difference portion 29 and the non-phase difference portion 30, and the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portion 30 of the phase difference element 28 are moved to the liquid crystal. The first region and the second region of the display panel 1 are alternately opposed to each other.

  Further, the driving means 52 causes the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 to oppose the every other first region of the liquid crystal display panel 1 by the phase difference element moving means 51, and When the phase difference portion 30 is opposed to the other second region, the three-dimensional image is displayed on each pixel in the first region among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Left eye image data out of left and right eye image data for the right eye image data is written to each pixel in the second region, and the light source 44 is synchronized with the writing of these image data. The first and second illumination lights a and b are irradiated, the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 is made to face the second region of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the phase difference portion 30. When the liquid crystal display panel 1 is opposed to the first region. The right eye image data is written to each pixel in the first area, and the left eye image data is written to each pixel in the second area, and the first light source 44 and the first eye data are synchronized with the writing of the image data. The driving circuit irradiates the second illumination lights a and b.

  Further, the driving means 52 is arranged so that, in the first display period, each pixel in the every other first region and every other pixel in every other second region of the liquid crystal display panel 1 are used. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data are alternately written, and in the second display period subsequent to the first display period, each pixel in the first region of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and the first The image data for the right eye and the image data for the left eye are alternately written into each pixel in the area 2.

  The phase difference element moving means 51 and the drive means 52 are for moving the phase difference element 28 and for the left eye to each pixel of the odd numbered pixel row and each pixel of the even numbered pixel row of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Writing of image data and right-eye image data and writing of left-eye image data and right-eye image data to each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel row and each pixel of the even-numbered pixel row are alternately performed. The phase difference element moving unit 51 causes the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 to oppose the odd-numbered pixel rows of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the phase difference portion 30 is Write the left-eye image data and the right-eye image data to each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel row and each pixel of the even-numbered pixel row of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in a state of facing the even-numbered pixel row, Display for irradiating the first and second illumination lights a and b from the light source 44 The λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 is opposed to the even-numbered pixel row, and the non-phase difference portion 30 is opposed to the odd-numbered pixel row. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data are written to each pixel in the numbered pixel row and each pixel in the odd numbered pixel row, and the first and second illumination lights a and b are emitted from the light source 44. Maintain during display time.

  The liquid crystal display device may be a field sequential liquid crystal display device or a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal display panel 1 is provided with three color filters of red, green, and blue. In the case of a field sequential liquid crystal display device, The phase difference element moving means 51 and the drive means 52 move the phase difference element 28 in one of the upper and lower directions every six fields obtained by dividing one frame for displaying one three-dimensional color image into six fields. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data of one unit color among the three unit colors of green and blue are converted into each pixel of the odd-numbered and even-numbered pixel rows and the other Write to each pixel in the pixel row, and synchronize with the writing of the left-eye and right-eye image data of each unit color of red, green, and blue from the light source 44 to output red, green, and blue 3 Writing out of color The first and second illumination light a color image data, the b configured to emit.

  Further, in the case of a liquid crystal display device in which the liquid crystal display panel 1 is provided with three color filters of red, green, and blue, the phase difference element moving means 51 and the driving means 52 are used to display one three-dimensional color image. For each of two fields obtained by dividing one frame for display into two fields, the phase difference element 28 is moved in either the upper or lower direction, and image data for the left eye consisting of three color data of red, green, and blue, The right-eye image data is written to each pixel in one of the odd-numbered and even-numbered pixel rows and each pixel in the other pixel row, and the first and second white illuminations from the light source 44 in synchronization therewith. The light a and b are configured to be emitted.

  In this liquid crystal display device, the phase difference element 28 is moved in the vertical direction of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel 1 by the phase difference element moving means 51, and the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portions 30. Are alternately opposed to odd-numbered pixel rows and even-numbered pixel rows of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the driving means 52 causes the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 to be disposed in the liquid crystal display panel 1. Of the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1 when each of the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is opposed to the even-numbered pixel row. Left-eye image data is written, right-eye image data is written to each pixel in the even-numbered pixel row, and the first and second illumination lights a are emitted from the light source 44 in synchronization with the writing of the image data. , B and λ / 2 of the phase difference element 28 When the phase difference portion 29 is opposed to the even-numbered pixel row of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and the non-phase difference portion 30 is opposed to the odd-numbered pixel row, the even-numbered pixel row of the liquid crystal display panel 1 The right eye image data is written to each pixel, the left eye image data is written to each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel row, and the first and second illuminations from the light source are synchronized with the writing of the image data. Lights a and b are irradiated to display a three-dimensional image.

  That is, the first illumination light a emitted from the first light source unit 35a of the light source 44 is linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite side polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Of the first illumination light a, the light transmitted through the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 and having its polarization plane rotated by 90 ° is applied to the liquid crystal display panel 1 on the opposite side. Light that has been transmitted through the polarizing plate 6 and has entered the plurality of non-phase-difference portions 30 of the retardation element 28 without substantially changing the polarization state is transmitted by the opposite-side polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Absorbed.

  Further, the second illumination light b emitted from the second light source unit 35b of the light source 44 is linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite side polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Of the second illumination light b, the light transmitted through the plurality of non-phase-difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 without substantially changing the polarization state is applied to the liquid crystal display panel 1 as the opposite polarizing plate. 6, the light having passed through the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 and having the polarization plane rotated by 90 ° is transmitted by the opposite polarizing plate 6 of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Absorbed.

  Therefore, the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 is opposed to the odd-numbered pixel rows of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the non-phase difference portion 30 is opposed to the even-numbered pixel rows. The left-eye image data is written to each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel row 1, the right-eye image data is written to each pixel of the even-numbered pixel row, and the light source 44 synchronizes with the writing of these image data. When the first and second illumination lights a and b are irradiated, the left-eye image displayed by each pixel in the odd-numbered pixel row in which the left-eye image data of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is written The image appears to the left eye of the observer M, and the right eye image displayed by each pixel in the even-numbered pixel row in which the image data for the right eye is written appears to the right eye of the observer M.

  Further, the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 is opposed to the even-numbered pixel row of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the non-phase difference portion 30 is opposed to the odd-numbered pixel row, so that the liquid crystal display panel The left-eye image data is written to each pixel of the even-numbered pixel row, the right-eye image data is written to each pixel of the odd-numbered pixel row, and the light source 44 synchronizes with the writing of these image data. For the left eye displayed by the pixels of the even-numbered pixel row in which the image data for the left eye of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is written when the first and second illumination lights a and b are irradiated. The image appears to the left eye of the observer M, and the right eye image displayed by each pixel in the odd-numbered pixel row in which the right eye image data is written appears to the observer M's right eye.

  Therefore, according to this liquid crystal display device, the resolution is high, consisting of two left-eye images in every other pixel row alternately displayed by the odd-numbered pixel columns and the even-numbered pixel columns of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The image for the left eye is observed by the left eye of the display observer M, and is used for two right eyes every other pixel row displayed alternately by the even-numbered pixel columns and the odd-numbered pixel columns of the liquid crystal display panel 1 It is possible to cause the left eye of the display observer M to observe a high-resolution right-eye image composed of images.

  In this embodiment, the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 are arranged in each of the regions divided for each pixel row of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The first area of the liquid crystal display panel and the other second areas are formed so as to correspond to each other, but the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is divided into a plurality of pixel rows in the vertical direction of the screen, for example, Dividing into about 2 to 10 pixel rows, the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 are divided into the plurality of pixel rows of the liquid crystal display panel 1. Each other region may be formed so as to correspond to every other first region and every other second region.

  Thus, in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, the transmission axis of the polarizing plate 6 on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is directed toward the liquid crystal display panel 1 on the side opposite to the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel 1. 6a, which is composed of linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the liquid crystal display panel 1 and has a peak of emitted light intensity in a direction inclined to the direction of the left or right eye of the display observer M with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The first illumination light a having directivity and linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis 6a of the opposite polarizing plate 6 and the other of the observer M with respect to the normal direction A light source 44 is disposed between the light source 44 and the liquid crystal display panel 1 for irradiating the second illumination light b having directivity in which the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in a direction inclined to the eye. The screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is moved up and down the screen. A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 are formed in correspondence with each other first region among a plurality of regions divided for each predetermined number of pixels, and every other second region Phase difference elements 28 having a plurality of non-phase difference portions 30 corresponding to the two regions are arranged, and the phase difference elements 28 are moved in the vertical direction of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel 1 by the phase difference element moving means 51. The plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portions 30 are alternately opposed to the first region and the second region of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the drive unit 52 When the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 is opposed to the first region of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and the non-phase difference portion 30 is opposed to the second region, the Among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1, each image in the first region is displayed. Left-eye image data is written in, the right-eye image data is written in each pixel of the second region, and the first and second illumination lights a are emitted from the light source 44 in synchronization with the writing of the image data. , B, the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 of the phase difference element 28 is opposed to the second region of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the non-phase difference portion 30 is opposed to the first region. The right-eye image data is written to each pixel in the first area of the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the left-eye image data is written to each pixel in the second area. Since the first and second illumination lights a and b are emitted from the light source 44 in synchronization with the writing of the image data, the resolution of both the left-eye image and the right-eye image is high. A high-quality, high-quality three-dimensional image can be displayed.

  Further, in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, the driving means 52 causes each pixel in the every other first region of the every other liquid crystal display panel 1 and every other one during the first display period. Left-eye image data and right-eye image data are alternately written to each pixel in the second region, and the first display of the liquid crystal display panel is performed in a second display period subsequent to the first display period. Since the image data for the right eye and the image data for the left eye are alternately written in each pixel in the area and each pixel in the second area, the drive duty of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is increased, It is possible to display a higher quality 3D image without flicker.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a liquid crystal display device showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, components corresponding to the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment described above are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the same components is omitted.

  The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment includes the liquid crystal display panel 1, a light source 53 that is disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 from the observation side, and that emits illumination light toward the liquid crystal display panel 1. On the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel 1, a phase difference element 28 disposed in proximity to or in contact with the liquid crystal display panel 1 and substantially parallel to the liquid crystal display panel 1, and driving means 56 for the liquid crystal display panel 1 A reflective screen 57 that reflects image light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 1 to the viewing side in the direction of the display observer, and observation polarizing glasses 58 that allow the observer to observe a three-dimensional image. ing.

  The light source 53 includes a light source lamp 54 and a reflector 55 that reflects the emitted light from the light source lamp 54 toward the liquid crystal display panel 1, and the reflective screen 57 includes the light source 53. It comprises a concave curved screen that compensates for distortion of the displayed image due to the spread of the irradiation light.

  The phase difference element 28 corresponds to every other first area among a plurality of areas obtained by dividing the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 into a predetermined number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the screen. Thus, a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 that give a phase difference of ½ wavelength between the ordinary light and the extraordinary light of the transmitted light are formed to correspond to the other second regions, respectively. Thus, a plurality of non-phase-difference portions 30 having substantially no phase difference are formed, and the plurality of λ / 2 phase-difference portions 29 are formed with respect to the transmission axis of the observation-side polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel 1. And has a slow axis in a direction substantially inclined by 45 °.

  In this embodiment, the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is divided for each pixel column in the horizontal direction of the screen, and a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and a non-phase difference portion 30 of the phase difference element 28 are obtained. In the up-down direction of the screen, corresponding to every other first area and every other second area of each area divided for each pixel column of the liquid crystal display panel 1 It is formed in a vertical stripe shape along.

  The driving means 56 of the liquid crystal display panel 1 includes a plurality of pixel rows arranged every other row corresponding to the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The image data for one of the left and right eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image is written in each pixel, and the other corresponding to the plurality of non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 is written. It comprises a drive circuit that writes image data for the other eye into each pixel of a plurality of pixel rows arranged every other row.

  Further, the observation polarizing glasses 58 include a plurality of λ of the phase difference element 28 out of image light composed of linearly polarized light (linearly polarized light parallel to the transmission axis of the observation side polarizing plate) emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 1. / Linear polarization element 59 for the left eye that transmits one of the phase difference portion 29 and the non-phase difference portion 30 and exits to the observation side, and transmits the light reflected by the reflective screen 57, and the phase difference element The right-eye linearly polarizing element 60 that transmits the light reflected by the reflective screen 57 and transmitted through the other of the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portion 30. And have.

  The left-eye and right-eye linear polarizing elements 59 and 60 of the observation polarizing glasses 58 have transmission axes 59a and 60a in one direction, and the respective linear polarizing elements 59 and 60 are provided on the spectacle frame 58a. The 60 transmission shafts 59a and 60a are fixed so as to be substantially orthogonal to each other.

  In this embodiment, the driving means 56 is left on each pixel of a plurality of pixel rows arranged in a row corresponding to the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The image data for the eye is written, and the image data for the right eye is written in each pixel of the plurality of other pixel columns corresponding to the plurality of non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28. The transmission axis 59a of the linear polarizing element 59 for the left eye of the polarizing glasses for observation 58 is configured from an area corresponding to every other pixel column in which the image data for the left eye of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is written. The left light that is emitted and transmitted through the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 after the polarization plane is rotated by 90 ° by the λ / 2 phase difference portion 29 and reflected by the reflective screen 57. The observation polarization is substantially parallel to the polarization plane of the image light for the eye. The transmission axis 60a of the linear polarizing element 60 for the right eye of the mirror 58 is emitted from a region corresponding to every other pixel row in which the image data for the right eye of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is written. The plurality of non-phase-difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 are transmitted substantially without changing the polarization state, and are substantially parallel to the polarization plane of the image light for the right eye reflected by the reflective screen 57. .

  That is, in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, a light source 53 that irradiates illumination light toward the liquid crystal display panel 1 is disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 from the observation side. On the viewing side, a plurality of screen areas 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 corresponding to every other first area among a plurality of areas divided for each predetermined number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the screen. Λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 are formed, and phase difference elements 28 having a plurality of non-phase difference portions 30 formed corresponding to the other second regions are arranged, and the driving means 56 Among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel 1, the image for one eye of the left and right eye image data for each pixel corresponding to the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28. Data is written, and a plurality of nulls of the phase difference element 28 are written. The image data for the other eye is written in each pixel corresponding to the phase difference unit 30, and a plurality of λ / 2 phase differences of the phase difference element 28 among the image light composed of linearly polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 1. A left-eye linearly polarizing element 59 that transmits light transmitted through one of the unit 29 and the non-phase-difference unit 30 and emitted to the observation side, and a plurality of λ / 2 phase-difference units 29 of the phase-difference element 28 Observation is performed by observation polarizing glasses 58 having a right-eye linear polarizing element 60 that transmits the light transmitted through the other of the phase difference portions 30 and emitted to the observation side.

  Therefore, according to this liquid crystal display device, for one eye displayed on the area corresponding to the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 of the phase difference element 28 in the screen area 1 a of the liquid crystal display panel 1. The image and the image data for the other eye displayed in the region corresponding to the plurality of non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 are respectively observed by the left and right eyes of the display observer M, and the three-dimensional image is obtained. Can be displayed.

  Further, in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and a non-phase difference portion 30 of the phase difference element 28 are arranged, and the screen area 1a of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is set in the horizontal direction of the screen. Since it is formed corresponding to a plurality of regions divided for each pixel alternately, it is possible to display a three-dimensional image with sufficient resolution for both the left-eye image and the right-eye image.

  The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is provided with a reflective screen 57 that reflects image light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 1 toward the viewing side in the direction of the display observer. Changing to a transmissive screen, the left and right eye image light that has passed through the transmissive screen may be observed by the polarizing glasses for observation 58, or may be observed from the liquid crystal display panel 1 without a screen. The left and right eye image light emitted to the side may be observed by the direct observation polarizing glasses 58.

(Other embodiments)
In each of the above-described embodiments, the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 are formed in a stripe shape along the vertical direction or the horizontal direction of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel 1. However, the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 may be formed in a checkered pattern alternately arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions of the screen, for example, In the first embodiment, when the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions 29 and the non-phase difference portions 30 of the phase difference element 28 are formed in a checkered pattern, each lens 32 of the lens array 31 also has the λ / 2 phase difference. What is necessary is just to form in the checkered pattern corresponding to the part 29 and the no phase difference part 30. FIG.

  In addition, the liquid crystal display device of each of the embodiments described above includes the TN type liquid crystal display panel 1, but the liquid crystal display panel is of STN type, non-twisted horizontal alignment type, vertical alignment type, or bent alignment type. A liquid crystal display panel or a ferroelectric or antiferroelectric liquid crystal display panel may be used.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Liquid crystal display panel, 1a ... Screen area, 7 ... Surface light source, 8 ... Light guide plate (light guide means), 9a, 9b ... Incident end surface (incident part), 10 ... Output surface, 11 ... Reflective surface, 13 ... Guide Light means, 14 ... prism sheet, 16 ... reflector, 14a ... exit surface, 16a ... reflector surface, 18 ... light guide plate (light guide means), 19 ... incident end face (incident part), 20 ... exit surface, 21 ... reflector Surface, 23 ... Diffuser, 24, 25 ... Light emitter, 26, 27 ... Linearly polarizing element, 26a, 27a ... Transmission axis, 28 ... Phase difference element, 29 ... λ / 2 phase difference part, 30 ... Non-phase difference part 31 ... Lens array, 32 ... Lens, 33 ... Driving means, 34, 44, 53 ... Light source, 43, 52, 56 ... Driving means, 51 ... Phase difference element moving means, 57 ... Reflective screen, 58 ... For observation Polarized glasses, 59 ... linear polarizing element for left eye, 60 ... linear polarizing element for right eye, 9a, 60a ... transmission axis.

Claims (9)

Light incident from the incident part, having an incident part for entering light, an exit surface for emitting light incident from the incident part, and a reflective surface for reflecting light incident from the incident part toward the exit surface A light guide means that guides the light from the light exit surface;
First and second light emitters that are arranged to face the incident portion of the light guide means and are selectively lit;
First and second linearly polarizing elements each having a transmission axis in one direction and disposed substantially orthogonal to each of the transmission axes on the emission side of the first and second light emitters,
A plurality of λs disposed opposite to the light exiting surface of the light guide means and providing a half-wave phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light in the direction along the light exit surface of the light guide means / 2 phase difference elements in which a phase difference portion and a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference are alternately formed,
The phase difference element is provided on a side opposite to the side facing the light guide means, and is provided in a plurality of regions composed of λ / 2 phase difference portions and non-phase difference portions that are adjacent to each other of the phase difference element. A plurality of lenses corresponding to each other, the light emitted from the light exit surface of the light guide means and transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portions of the plurality of regions of the phase difference element, with respect to a predetermined direction; The second light which is emitted in the first emission direction inclined in the direction of the first and which is transmitted through the non-phase difference portion of the plurality of regions is inclined in the direction opposite to the one direction with respect to the predetermined direction. A lens array that emits in the exit direction;
By lighting one of the first and second light emitters, one of linearly polarized light in two directions substantially perpendicular to each other is in the first emission direction, and the other linearly polarized light is in the second emission direction. A surface light source that emits light and emits the other linearly polarized light in the second emitting direction and the other linearly polarized light in the first emitting direction by turning on the other light emitter. A polarizing plate is arranged on each of the observation side and the opposite side, and has a screen area in which a plurality of pixels that control light transmission are arranged in a matrix, and image data is written in the plurality of pixels, and the image A liquid crystal display panel that displays images according to the data;
Light incident from the incident portion, having an incident portion for entering light, an exit surface for emitting the light incident from the incident portion, and a reflective surface for reflecting the light incident from the incident portion toward the exit surface Light guide means that guides light from the light exit surface, first and second light emitters that are arranged to face the incident portion of the light guide means and are selectively lit, and transmit in one direction First and second linearly polarizing elements each having an axis and arranged so that the respective transmission axes are substantially orthogonal to the emission sides of the first and second light emitters, and the light guide means A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions arranged opposite to the emission surface and providing a half-wave phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light of the transmitted light in a direction along the emission surface of the light guide means And a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference, and the lead of the phase difference element. Provided on a side opposite to the side facing the means, and having a plurality of lenses respectively corresponding to a plurality of regions each including a λ / 2 phase difference portion and a non-phase difference portion adjacent to each other of the phase difference element. And the light that has exited from the exit surface of the light guide means and transmitted through the λ / 2 retardation portions of the plurality of regions of the retardation element is tilted in one direction with respect to a predetermined direction. A lens array that emits light in an emission direction and emits light that has passed through the non-phase difference portions of the plurality of regions in a second emission direction inclined in a direction opposite to the one direction with respect to the predetermined direction; The lens array is opposed to the liquid crystal display panel on the side opposite to the viewing side of the liquid crystal display panel, and one of the first and second emission directions is in the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel On the other hand, in the direction tilted toward the left eye of the display observer The polarizing plate is disposed in a direction inclined in the direction of the right eye of the observer with respect to the normal direction, and the opposite polarizing plate of the liquid crystal display panel is formed by lighting one of the first and second light emitters. The linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the light is emitted in the left eye direction, and the linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate is emitted in the right eye direction. A surface light source that emits linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate in the left eye direction and linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate in the right eye direction. When,
The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image on a plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel are alternately written, and the surface light source is synchronized with the writing of the left-eye image data. A liquid crystal display device comprising: a driving unit that turns on the one light emitter and lights the other light emitter of the surface light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data for the left eye.   The light guide means of the surface light source emits light having directivity in which the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel from the emission surface, and the lens array includes a plurality of regions of the phase difference element. One of the light transmitted through the λ / 2 phase difference portion and the light transmitted through the non-phase difference portion has an angle range in which the peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the left eye direction with respect to the normal direction of the liquid crystal display panel. 3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal display device emits in the direction of the angle and emits the other light in a direction of an angle range in which a peak of the emitted light intensity exists in the right eye direction with respect to the normal direction. . A polarizing plate is arranged on each of the observation side and the opposite side, and has a screen area in which a plurality of pixels that control light transmission are arranged in a matrix, and image data is written in the plurality of pixels, and the image A liquid crystal display panel that displays images according to the data;
1st illumination light which is arrange | positioned on the opposite side to the observation side of the said liquid crystal display panel, and consists of a linearly polarized light substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate on the opposite side of the said liquid crystal display panel toward the said liquid crystal display panel And a light source that selectively irradiates the second illumination light composed of linearly polarized light substantially parallel to the transmission axis of the opposite polarizing plate,
It is arranged between the light source and the liquid crystal display panel, and every other first among a plurality of regions obtained by dividing the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel into a predetermined number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the screen. A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions that give a half-wave phase difference between the ordinary light and the extraordinary light of the transmitted light are formed corresponding to each of the regions, and every other second region. And a phase difference element in which a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference are formed,
Among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel, a three-dimensional image is applied to each pixel corresponding to each other first region and each pixel corresponding to each other second region. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data for display are alternately written, and the first illumination light is emitted from the light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data. The image data for the right eye and the image data for the left eye are alternately written in each pixel corresponding to each of the other areas and each pixel corresponding to each other second area. A liquid crystal display device comprising: driving means for irradiating the second illumination light from the light source in synchronization with writing.   In the first display period, the driving means applies each pixel corresponding to every other first region of the liquid crystal display panel to each pixel corresponding to every other second region. The left-eye image data and the right-eye image data are alternately written, and each pixel corresponding to the first region of the liquid crystal display panel in a second display period subsequent to the first display period, 5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein the right-eye image data and the left-eye image data are alternately written into each pixel corresponding to each of the second regions. A polarizing plate is arranged on each of the observation side and the opposite side, and has a screen area in which a plurality of pixels that control light transmission are arranged in a matrix, and image data is written in the plurality of pixels, and the image A liquid crystal display panel that displays images according to the data;
The liquid crystal display panel is arranged on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel and is made of linearly polarized light that is substantially orthogonal to the transmission axis of the polarizing plate on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel toward the liquid crystal display panel, and the liquid crystal display A first illumination light having directivity in which a peak of emitted light intensity exists in a direction tilted in the direction of the left or right eye of the display observer with respect to the normal direction of the panel, and the opposite polarizing plate A first beam having a directivity in which a peak of emitted light intensity exists in a direction inclined in the direction of the other eye of the observer with respect to the normal direction. A light source that emits two illumination lights;
It is arranged between the light source and the liquid crystal display panel, and every other first among a plurality of regions obtained by dividing the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel into a predetermined number of pixels in the vertical direction of the screen. A plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions that give a half-wave phase difference between the ordinary light and the extraordinary light of the transmitted light are formed corresponding to each of the regions, and every other second region. And a phase difference element in which a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference are formed,
The phase difference element is moved in the vertical direction of the screen of the liquid crystal display panel with a stroke corresponding to the pitch of the λ / 2 phase difference portion and the non-phase difference portion, and the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the no phase difference are moved. A phase difference element moving means that alternately opposes the first and second areas of the liquid crystal display panel;
The λ / 2 phase difference portion of the phase difference element is opposed to the other first region of the liquid crystal display panel, and the non-phase difference portion is opposed to the other second region of the other. The left-eye image data of the left and right eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image on each pixel in the first region among the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel is written. The image data for the right eye is written to each pixel in the second region, the first and second illumination lights are irradiated from the light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data, and the phase difference element When the λ / 2 retardation portion is opposed to the second region of the liquid crystal display panel and the non-retardation portion is opposed to the first region, the first region of the liquid crystal display panel The right-eye image data is written to each pixel, and the left-eye image is written to each pixel in the second area. A liquid crystal display device comprising: drive means for writing image data and irradiating the first and second illumination lights from the light source in synchronization with the writing of the image data.   In the first display period, the driving means applies the left-eye image data and the right to each pixel in every other first area and every other second area in the liquid crystal display panel. Ophthalmic image data is alternately written, and in the second display period following the first display period, each pixel in the first area and each pixel in the second area of the liquid crystal display panel 7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein the right-eye image data and the left-eye image data are alternately written. A polarizing plate is arranged on each of the observation side and the opposite side, and has a screen area in which a plurality of pixels that control light transmission are arranged in a matrix, and image data is written in the plurality of pixels, and the image A liquid crystal display panel that displays images according to the data;
A light source disposed on the opposite side of the liquid crystal display panel from the observation side and irradiating illumination light toward the liquid crystal display panel;
It is arranged on the observation side of the liquid crystal display panel, and the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel is divided into a first area every other one among a plurality of areas divided into a predetermined number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the screen. In correspondence with each other, a plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions that give a half-wave phase difference between ordinary light and extraordinary light of the transmitted light are formed, and each of the other second areas corresponds to each other. A phase difference element in which a plurality of non-phase difference portions having substantially no phase difference are formed;
Of the plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal display panel, one of the left and right eye image data for displaying a three-dimensional image on each pixel corresponding to the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions of the phase difference element Driving means for writing image data for the eye and writing image data for the other eye to each pixel corresponding to the plurality of non-phase difference portions of the phase difference element;
Left of the image light composed of linearly polarized light emitted from the liquid crystal display panel that transmits one of the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the non-phase difference portion of the phase difference element and the light emitted to the observation side. A linear polarizing element for the eye, and a linear polarizing element for the right eye that transmits the light emitted to the observation side through the other of the plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the non-phase difference portion of the phase difference element. A liquid crystal display device comprising polarizing glasses for observation.   The plurality of λ / 2 phase difference portions and the non-phase difference portions of the phase difference element are formed so as to alternately correspond to a plurality of regions obtained by dividing the screen area of the liquid crystal display panel for each pixel in the horizontal direction of the screen. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 8.

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