JP2010281586A - Device for observing meteorological phenomenon - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device for observing the meteorological phenomenon which dispenses with connection of an electric cable to a sensor and thus can improve the reliability and moreover, which can make the cost of installation low and moreover can increase flexibility o installation. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of IC tags 4<SB>1</SB>, 4<SB>2</SB>, 4<SB>3</SB>, ..., are disposed in the vertical direction. It is detected that radio communication between at least one of the IC tags 4<SB>1</SB>, 4<SB>2</SB>, 4<SB>3</SB>, ..., submerged by a rise of a water level and an IC tag reader 5 has changed, from a state wherein the communication is possible to a state wherein the communication is impossible, and thereby the water level of a river, or the like, is observed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a meteorological event observation apparatus such as a water level of a river or the like, a rainfall amount, a wind direction, and a wind speed, and more particularly to a meteorological event observation apparatus that can acquire information wirelessly.

  The meteorological events announced by public organizations such as the Japan Meteorological Agency include water levels of rivers, rainfall, wind direction, wind speed, etc. Conventional examples of these meteorological event observation devices will be described below.

  As shown in FIG. 16, as a water level observation device for rivers and the like, an infrared measuring device 30 is arranged at the upper part of a measuring cylinder 31, and a reflecting plate 32 is attached to a float 33 inside the measuring cylinder 31. A method is known in which the water level is observed by floating the infrared light 35 emitted from the infrared measuring device 30 on the reflecting surface 32 and measuring the reflection angle and the amount of reflected light of the infrared light 35 while floating on the water surface 34. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

  As another example of a water level observation device for rivers or the like, as shown in FIG. 17, a pressure gauge 35 is placed on the bottom ground 38, the water pressure applied to the upper part thereof is measured, and the water level is observed from that value. A method of transmitting with the electric cable 36 is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

Next, as the rainfall observation device, as shown in FIG. 18, a falling overfall 41 comprising _two ridges 41 ₁ , 412 is provided, and the rainwater collected at the water receiving port 40 is guided to one ridge 41 ₁ . , while a basket 41 ₁ to toppling tipping bucket 41 under the weight of rainwater comes to full level rainwater is drained from the drain port 42 _1, followed by rain water to the other chambers 41 ₂ by one of the squares 41 ₁ toppling are pooled, the other square 41 ₂ is the tipping bucket 41 becomes full water rainwater fall is known that the operation to be drained from the drain outlet 42 ₁ is repeated Kaee (for example, see Patent Document 3).

  The above-described rainfall observation device operates an electrical contact each time the overturning rod 41 falls, and observes the rainfall from the relationship between the number of operations of the electrical contact and the amount of discharged water once. The data is sent to the converter via, and the rainfall is observed.

  As shown in FIG. 19, the wind direction / wind speed observation apparatus includes a propeller 43 and a tail blade 44. The propeller 43 is always directed upward by the wind pressure received by the tail blade 44, and the wind direction is measured by measuring the tail rotation by the photoelectric encoder method. It is also known to observe the wind speed by measuring the propeller rotation by the photoelectric pulse method, and in any case, send these signals to the converter via an electric cable to observe the wind direction and wind speed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 4).

JP 2008-039574 A JP 07-218254 A JP 2005-221372 A JP 2004-257874 A

  The water level observation device using an infrared measuring instrument requires a power source for the infrared measuring instrument as a sensor. Therefore, it is necessary to use a commercial power source or to configure a power source that combines solar and battery. Since it is necessary to accurately reflect infrared light to an infrared measuring instrument, it is difficult to measure in places with large vibrations or large waves.

  In the method of measuring water pressure, semiconductor type pressure gauges and crystal type pressure gauges that use electricity as pressure gauges are generally used. It is necessary to connect a cable, and it is easily affected by electromagnetic noise from lightning and other electrical machinery and equipment. Especially when used outdoors, it is necessary to take measures such as installing a protective device.

  In addition, the pressure gauge consists of a pressure measurement unit (sensor head) that is a measurement unit and a converter that converts the pressure measurement result to the liquid level position, but it is expensive and for purposes such as measuring at multiple points Difficult in terms of economy.

  Furthermore, in the method of measuring water pressure, fluctuations in atmospheric pressure cause errors in measurement results, so a pipe is connected between the pressure gauge and the atmosphere, and the atmospheric pressure inside the pressure gauge is the same as the external atmospheric pressure. It is necessary to take a method of releasing the atmospheric pressure or to correct an error of the atmospheric pressure by separately measuring the atmospheric pressure, which complicates the apparatus.

  Furthermore, in the method of measuring the water pressure, it is necessary to correct the measurement of the water surface position based on the specific gravity of the water to be measured. For example, in the case of water containing earth and sand such as muddy flow, a measurement error occurs.

  In the rainfall observation device, wind direction, and wind speed observation device, the sensor unit and the converter are connected with a dedicated electric cable, which increases the construction cost, malfunctions due to electrical noise from electrical facilities, noise from lightning, etc. There are problems such as malfunctions due to the occurrence of damage such as damage to the sensor unit and the converter due to induced lightning.

  In addition, the conversion unit converts the value of wind direction and wind speed from a signal such as a dedicated photoelectric encoder or photoelectric pulse, but if you want to transmit this data to a remote place in real time, you can use more expensive transmission equipment. Installation is necessary, especially because the transmission equipment is expensive, so as for weather observation data, even in those stations where real-time nature is most demanded originally, the data is stored in a temporary storage device, and the data is displayed at a later date. There are actually many observation stations that collect the data.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a meteorological event observation apparatus that can improve the reliability by eliminating the need to connect an electric cable to the sensor, can reduce the installation cost, and can increase the degree of freedom of installation.

  In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 includes an IC tag and an IC tag reader, and the IC tag reader detects that the arrival radio wave intensity from the IC tag changes from a high level to a low level and a low level. It features a meteorological event observation device that observes meteorological events based on at least one of detection of a change from high to low.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the IC tag reader observes a weather event based on at least one of detection that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag is lower than a predetermined value and detection that the signal intensity is higher than the predetermined value. The weather event observation apparatus according to Item 1 is characterized.

  In the invention of claim 3, the IC tag reader detects that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag has changed from the communicable state to the incommunicable state and the wireless communication between the two is possible. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 1, wherein the meteorological event is observed based on at least one of detection of a change from a communication impossible state to a communication possible state.

  The invention according to claim 4 is characterized by the weather event observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weather event is a water level of a river or the like.

  In the invention of claim 5, a plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and the IC tag reader changes the intensity of radio waves reached from at least one IC tag from a high level to a low level as the water level increases. 5. The meteorological event observation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on the detection of the fact.

  According to the invention of claim 6, a plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and the IC tag reader detects that the radio wave intensity reached from at least one IC tag has fallen below a predetermined value as the water level increases. 6. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on the above.

  According to the invention of claim 7, a plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and the IC tag reader communicates with each other as the radio wave intensity reached from at least one IC tag increases. 6. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a water level of a river or the like is observed based on detection of a change from a possible state to a non-communication state.

  According to the invention of claim 8, a plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and in the IC tag reader, the reaching radio wave intensity from at least one IC tag changes from a low level to a high level as the water level falls. 5. The meteorological event observation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on the detection of the fact.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and the IC tag reader detects that the reaching radio wave intensity from at least one IC tag has risen from a predetermined value as the water level falls. 9. The meteorological event observation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on the above.

  In the invention of claim 10, a plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and the IC tag reader communicates with each other as the radio wave intensity reached from at least one IC tag decreases. 9. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on detection of a change from an impossible state to a communicable state.

  According to the invention of claim 11, a plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and an IC tag reader is arranged above the uppermost IC tag. 5. A meteorological event observation device according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on detection of a submergence of an IC tag reader based on detection of a change in radio wave arrival intensity from a high level to a low level. Yes.

  In the invention of claim 12, an IC tag is installed in a float that can move up and down following the water level, and the IC tag reader detects that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag changes from a high level to a low level. 5. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on at least one of detection of a change from a low level to a high level.

  In the invention of claim 13, a plurality of IC tags are installed on the outer peripheral surface or the side surface of the cylindrical float that moves in the vertical direction while rolling following the water level, and the cylindrical float moves up and down while rolling. When moving in the direction, the IC tag is repeatedly submerged and non-submerged, and the IC tag reader detects that the arrival radio wave intensity from the IC tag changes from a high level to a low level and changes from a low level to a high level. 5. The meteorological event observation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on at least one of the detections.

  The invention according to claim 14 is characterized in that the meteorological event observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the meteorological event is rainfall.

  Further, the invention of claim 15 is arranged such that when a predetermined amount of rainwater is stored, an IC tag is disposed inside both rain gutters of a rain gauge that repeatedly changes the rain water storage from one gutter to the other gutter due to a fall of the gutter. The IC tag reader detects the amount of rainfall by detecting the fall of the kite based on the detection that the radio wave arrival intensity from the IC tag changes from a high level to a low level as rainwater is stored. It features a meteorological event observation device.

  According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a passage through which rainwater flows out due to a fall of a rain gauge reed that repeatedly changes the storage of rainwater from one reed to the other reed when the predetermined amount of rainwater is stored. The IC tag reader detects the fall of the kite based on the detection that the radio wave arrival intensity from the IC tag changes from the high level to the low level as rainwater flows out due to the fall of the kite. 15. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 14, which measures rainfall.

  The invention according to claim 17 is the meteorological event observation according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the IC tag is connected with an electrical element whose electrical characteristics change when it comes into contact with moisture via a lead wire. Features the device.

  The invention according to claim 18 is the meteorological event observation according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein at least one of the IC tag and the IC tag reader has a waterproof structure, and the surface is subjected to a water-repellent coating treatment. Features the device.

  The invention according to claim 19 is characterized by the weather event observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weather event is wind speed.

  According to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, an IC tag disk formed by arranging a plurality of IC tags on a disk and a shielding disk having an electromagnetic shielding part and an electromagnetic transmission part in a circumferential direction are arranged concentrically. The IC tag encoder is attached to a wind power rotating body that rotates by receiving wind, and the IC tag reader is moved from the IC tag as either the IC tag disk or the shielding disk rotates together with the wind power rotating body. 20. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 19, wherein the wind speed is observed based on detection that the radio wave arrival intensity changes from a high level to a low level by passing through an electromagnetic shielding part.

  The invention according to claim 21 is characterized in that the weather event observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weather event is a wind direction.

  According to a twenty-second aspect of the present invention, an IC tag disk formed by arranging a plurality of IC tags on a disk and a shielding disk having an electromagnetic shielding part and an electromagnetic transmission part in the circumferential direction are arranged concentrically. The IC tag encoder is attached to a wind direction rotating body that rotates in accordance with the wind direction, and the IC tag reader is moved from the IC tag as either the IC tag disk or the shielding disk rotates together with the wind rotating body. 23. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 21, wherein the wind direction is observed based on detection of a change in the radio wave arrival intensity from a high level to a low level due to the passage of the electromagnetic shielding portion.

  The present invention enables the IC tag reader to detect at least one of the radio wave arrival intensity from the IC tag lowering than the predetermined value and / or increasing from the predetermined value, or to perform wireless communication with the IC tag. A meteorological event observation device for observing a meteorological event by detecting at least one of a change from a state to an incommunicable state and a change from an incommunicable state to a communicable state, and an IC tag itself as a sensor is Since no power supply is required, information can be exchanged between the IC tag and the IC tag reader in a non-contact manner (wireless), and since the IC tag reader can be operated by a battery, there is no need to draw in a commercial power source. Because the IC tag reader itself can be powered from the outside wirelessly, it is possible to eliminate the need for an electrical cable connection. It is possible to increase the degree of freedom of installation it is possible to improve the.

  Moreover, since a commercially available IC tag and an IC tag reader can be used, and a commercially available personal computer can be used for observation data processing, the installation cost can be reduced.

  In addition, by connecting and using an electrical element whose electrical characteristics change when it comes into contact with moisture via a lead wire, the IC tag can observe the water level at a plurality of points with one IC tag. It becomes possible to expand the application of water level observation by IC tag.

  Further, at least one of the IC tag and the IC tag reader has a waterproof structure, and the surface is subjected to a water-repellent coating treatment (Claim 19), thereby quickly removing moisture from the surface and measuring accuracy of radio wave arrival intensity. In addition, it is possible to reliably detect switching between the wireless enabled state and the wireless disabled state.

  The meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention can be applied to water level observation of rivers, rainfall observation, wind speed observation, wind direction observation, etc., thereby improving the reliability of various observations and increasing the degree of freedom of installation. In addition, the installation cost can be reduced.

It is a flowchart which shows the effect | action of the meteorological event observation apparatus of this invention, Fig.1 (a) is a flowchart when using the change of reaching | attaining radio wave intensity, FIG.1 (b) is a communication possible state and a communication impossible state. It is a flowchart when using a change. It is the schematic which shows the state which connected the electric element to the IC tag. It is the schematic which shows the form which connected the electric element to the IC tag, Fig.3 (a) is the schematic which connected the electric element to 1 step | paragraph, FIG.3 (b) has connected the electric element B to 2 steps | paragraphs FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is drawing explaining the 1st example of the best embodiment which applied the weather event observation apparatus of this invention to water level observation apparatuses, such as a river, FIG. 4 (a) is a front view, FIG.4 (b) is a side view. It is. It is drawing explaining the 2nd example of the best embodiment which applied the meteorological event observation apparatus of this invention to water level observation apparatuses, such as a river, FIG. 5 (a) is a front view, FIG.5 (b) is a side view. It is. It is drawing explaining the 3rd example of the best embodiment which applied the meteorological event observation apparatus of this invention to water level observation apparatuses, such as a river, FIG. 6 (a) is a front view, FIG.6 (b) is a side view. It is. It is drawing explaining the 4th example of the best embodiment which applied the weather event observation apparatus of this invention to water level observation apparatuses, such as a river, FIG. 7 (a) is a front view, FIG.7 (b) is a side view. It is. It is drawing explaining the 5th example of the best embodiment which applied the weather event observation apparatus of this invention to water level observation apparatuses, such as a river, FIG. 8 (a) is a front view, FIG.8 (b) is a side view. It is. It is drawing explaining the cylindrical float used in the 5th example of the best embodiment, Fig.9 (a) is a front view, FIG.9 (b) is a side view. It is drawing explaining the best embodiment which applied the weather event observation apparatus of this invention to the water level observation apparatus of the manhole. It is drawing explaining the 1st example of the best embodiment which applied the weather event observation apparatus of this invention to the rainfall observation apparatus. It is drawing explaining the 2nd example of the best embodiment which applied the weather event observation apparatus of this invention to the rainfall observation apparatus. It is drawing explaining the 3rd example of the best embodiment which applied the weather event observation apparatus of this invention to the rainfall observation apparatus. It is drawing explaining the 4th example of the best embodiment which applied the weather event observation apparatus of this invention to the rainfall observation apparatus. It is drawing explaining the IC tag encoder used for the best embodiment which applied the meteorological event observation device of the present invention to a wind speed observation device and a wind direction observation device, and Drawing 15 (a) is a front view and Drawing 15 (b) ) Is a side view. It is drawing explaining the conventional example of water level observation apparatuses, such as a river. It is drawing explaining the conventional example of water level observation apparatuses, such as a river. It is drawing explaining the prior art example of a rainfall observation apparatus. It is drawing explaining the conventional example of a wind direction and a wind speed observation apparatus.

  DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the best embodiment of a meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  In the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention, the IC tag reader is based on at least one of detection that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag changes from a high level to a low level and detection that the radio wave intensity changes from a low level to a high level. However, specifically, for example, (a) an IC tag reader detects a weather event based on at least one of detection that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag has decreased below a predetermined value and detection that has increased from a predetermined value The observation device and (b) IC tag reader detect that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag has changed from a communicable state to a communicable state and the wireless communication between the two A meteorological event observation apparatus based on at least one of detection of a change from an impossible state to a communicable state can be given.

  FIG. 1A is a flowchart showing the operation of the meteorological event observation apparatus of the above-mentioned (A). The IC tag reader receives radio waves from the IC tag and measures the arrival radio wave intensity. The radio wave intensity is compared with a threshold value to determine whether or not it is a predetermined value or more. Further, it is transmitted to the base station.

  When the IC tag reader cannot receive the radio wave from the IC tag, and when the reaching radio wave intensity is less than a predetermined value, for example, in the observation of the water level of a river or the like, the IC tag is submerged, and this information is stored in the memory. Further, it is transmitted to the base station.

  There are two types of IC tags: an active type with a built-in battery and a passive type without a built-in battery. Either type can be used in the present invention. However, an active type IC tag is a radio wave in water depending on the frequency band used. It is preferable to use a frequency band of about 1 GHz because the reachable distance may become large and accurate observation may not be possible. However, it is generally set to about (1/3) to (1/5) of the normal arrival radio wave intensity.

  FIG. 1B is a flowchart showing the operation of the meteorological event observation apparatus of the above (b). When the IC tag reader can receive radio waves from the IC tag, for example, water level observation of a river or the like is performed. In this case, this information is stored in a memory and transmitted to the base station without submerging the IC tag.

  When the IC tag reader cannot receive the radio wave from the IC tag, for example, in the observation of the water level of a river or the like, this information is stored in the memory and transmitted to the base station as the IC tag is submerged.

  In addition, in the present invention, the IC tag can be used by itself, but it can be used in a form in which an electrical element whose electrical characteristics change when it comes into contact with moisture via a lead wire is connected to the IC tag. As such an electrical element, a resistor, a capacitor, a thermocouple, or the like that is currently commercially available can be used.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which an electrical element is connected to the IC tag. The IC tag A includes a memory unit D, a control unit E, a transmission / reception unit F, and an antenna unit G. Such an IC tag An electric element B is connected to A via a lead wire C.

  The control unit E causes the memory unit D to write, store, and rewrite the ID information of the IC tag A in addition to the measurement control and electrical element information in the electrical element B, and to transmit and receive the measurement information in the electrical element B A function of transmitting to the IC tag reader via the part F and the antenna part G is provided.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a form in which the electric element B is connected to the IC tag A. In the example of FIG. 3A, the electric element B ₁ is connected to the IC tag A via the lead wire C in one stage. In the example of FIG. 3B, the electric elements B ₁ and B ₂ are connected to the IC tag A via lead wires C in two stages.

Example 1
FIG. 4 shows a first example in which the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a water level observation apparatus such as a river. FIG. 4 (a) is a front view and FIG. 4 (b) is a side view.

In the water level observation apparatus of the first embodiment, the wave breaker tube 3 is fixed to a support column 2 erected on the ground 1, and a plurality of IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ are vertically arranged along the inner wall of the wave breaker tube 3. ,... 4 ₅ (both passive type IC tags) are arranged, and the IC tag reader 5 is arranged at the upper end of the support column 2.

By arranging the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ ,... 4 ₅ inside the wave breaker tube 3, the water level can be observed while reducing the influence of waves standing on the water surface 6.

Each IC tag _{4 1,} 4 2, ... _{4 5} granting identification code is adapted to be decrypted by the IC tag reader 5, there is no swollen rivers such as water 6 from the IC tag _{4 1} when also below, all of the IC tag _{4 1,} 4 2, is in wireless communication is possible between ... _{4 5} and the IC tag reader 5, the water level If it is the IC tag _{4 1} below To be judged.

When the water surface 6 rises due to rain or the like, and the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ are submerged, wireless communication between the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ and the IC tag reader 5 is impossible. wireless communication between the IC tag ₄ 4, _{4 5} and the IC tag reader 5 becomes ready, the water level is determined to be between the IC tag _{4 3} and the IC tag _{4 4.}

Conversely, when it is below the IC tag 4 ₁ water 6 is lowered gone influence of rainfall or the like, wireless communication between the IC tag 4 _1, 4 _2, 4 ₃ and the IC tag reader 5 Is changed from an impossible state to a possible state, wireless communication is possible between all the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ ,... 4 ₅ and the IC tag reader 5, and the water level is lower than the IC tag 4 _1. It is judged that.

Note that the wireless communication between the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ and the IC tag reader 5 has been detected from the communicable state to the incommunicable state detection and the wireless communication has changed from the communicable state to the communicable state. Although the detection has been described, the water level is also observed by detecting that the reaching radio wave intensity from the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , and 4 ₃ to the IC tag reader 5 is lower than a predetermined value and when it is higher than the predetermined value. be able to.

As in the present embodiment 1, a plurality of IC tags 4 _1, 4 _2, in the configuration of arranging the ... 4 ₅ vertically, it is possible to observe the water level substantially continuously, torrential rains It is possible to accurately grasp information related to water level rise in rivers and the like due to

  FIG. 5 shows a second example in which the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a water level observation apparatus such as a river. FIG. 5 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 5 (b) is a side view. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b) are assigned the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

Gauging apparatus of the second embodiment, in which the IC tag ₄ 2, the electric element ₅₂ 2 via the lead wire.. _{4 5} 52 _3, 52 4, 52 ₅ was connected.

Water 6 is raised by rain or the like, until the IC tag _{4 1,} 4 2, _{4 3} are submerged, reduced arrival wave intensity from the IC tag _{4 4} submerged electric element 52 ₄ the water level 6 rises and, when a wireless communication state between the IC tag 4 ₄ and the IC tag reader 5, it is determined that the water level is between the electric element 52 ₄ and the IC tag 4 _4.

Further a wireless communication impossible state between the IC tag 4 ₄ and the IC tag reader 5 water 6 is raised, there is no normal and changes the wireless communication state between the IC tag 4 ₅ and the IC tag reader 5 time, IC tag 4 ₄ and the water level is determined to be between the electric element 52 _5.

As the level observation device of the second embodiment, the IC tag ₄ 2, the electric element ₅₂ through a lead wire.. _{4 5 2,} 52 _3, 52 4, 52 ₅ when a certain configuration that is connected Even with the same number of IC tags, it becomes possible to perform more detailed water level observation.

  Other configurations and operations of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.

(Example 3)
FIG. 6 shows a third example in which the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a water level observation apparatus such as a river. FIG. 6 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 6 (b) is a side view. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b) are assigned the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

Gauging apparatus of the third embodiment, by using the IC tag reader 25 which is completely waterproof, the IC tag reader 25 in which is arranged above the IC tag 4 ₅ topmost.

When the water level 6 does not reach the IC tag reader 25, in the same manner as in Example 1 IC tag reader 25 and the IC tag _{4 1,} 4 2, capable of wireless communication between the ... _{4 5,} based impossible If the water level is observed and the water surface 6 passes over the IC tag reader 25 and the IC tag reader 25 itself is submerged, wireless transmission from the IC tag reader becomes impossible. It is judged that it exceeded.

As in the present embodiment 3, the IC tag _{4 1,} 4 2, when in addition to the submerged ... _{4 5} is configured to observe the water level on the basis of the submerged IC tag reader 25, the IC tag reader 25 is fixed The height of the column 2 to be arranged can be kept low, and the installation cost of the water level observation device can be reduced.

Example 4
7 shows a fourth example in which the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a water level observation apparatus for rivers, etc. FIG. 7 (a) is a front view, FIG. 7 (b) is a side view, 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b) are assigned the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  In the water level observation apparatus of the fourth embodiment, a float 7 that moves up and down as the water surface 6 ascends and descends is disposed in the breaker tube 3, an IC tag 4 is disposed above the float 7, and An IC tag reader 5 is arranged at the upper end.

  Then, utilizing the fact that there is a limit of the distance that can be communicated between the IC tag 4 and the IC tag reader 5, the water surface 6 is usually below, and the IC tag 4 is wirelessly communicated with the IC tag reader 5. Although it is in the impossible distance range, when the water surface 6 (float 7) rises due to rain and the IC tag 4 enters the wireless communication possible distance range with the IC tag reader 5, it is determined that this wireless communication has started. The water level of the level is observed.

  Contrary to the above, the water surface 6 is normally above and the IC tag 4 is in a wireless communication range with the IC tag reader 5, but the water surface 6 (float 7) is lowered due to drought and the IC tag 4 When the tag 4 enters a range where wireless communication with the IC tag reader 5 is not possible, the water level at a certain level can be observed by detecting that the wireless communication has been interrupted.

  As in the fourth embodiment, when the water level is observed by measuring the distance at which the IC tag 4 and the IC tag reader 5 can communicate wirelessly, the accurate water level can be observed.

(Example 5)
FIG. 8 shows a fifth example in which the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a water level observation apparatus such as a river. FIG. 8 (a) is a front view, FIG. 8 (b) is a side view, 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b) are assigned the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  The water level observation device of the fifth embodiment is a cylinder that moves in the vertical direction while rolling along the inner wall of the wave preventing tube 3 as the water surface 6 rises and falls in the wave preventing tube 3 (following the water level). The shape float 8 is arranged, and the water level is observed using the vertical movement of the cylindrical float 8 while rolling.

Specifically, as shown in the front view of FIG. 9A and the side view of FIG. 9B, a plurality of IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical float 8. And a ring-shaped magnet 9 is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical float 8.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, when the metal rail 10 is installed in the vertical direction on the inner wall of the breakwater tube 3, the cylindrical float 8 has its buoyancy and the ring-shaped magnet 9. Due to the action of the suction force, the water surface 6 moves up and down while rolling on the metal rail 10 as the water surface 6 rises and falls.

As the cylindrical float 8 rolls, the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ are repeatedly submerged and non-submerged, so that the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ and the IC tag reader The communication state and the communication impossible state of the wireless communication with 5 are repeatedly changed, and the water level can be observed by detecting this change.

When the water level is observed using rolling of the cylindrical float 8 as in the fifth embodiment, if the mounting interval of the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ is narrowed, for example, 1 cm It is possible to observe the water level in units, and when the water surface 6 descends, the cylindrical float 8 descends along the metal rail 10 so that the water level can be observed to descend, and all the IC tags 4 _{If the} point at which communication between ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ and the IC tag reader 5 is set as the water level zero level, the water level zero level can also be reliably confirmed.

  8A and 8B show an example in which a solar panel 11 and a battery 12 are installed as a power source for the IC tag reader 5.

  Further, the example in which the cylindrical float 8 rolls due to the action of the metal rail 10 installed on the inner wall of the wave breaker 3 and the ring-shaped magnet 9 on the outer periphery of the cylindrical float 8 has been described. If the ring-shaped magnet 9 is formed in a gear shape with a flat surface development, the cylindrical float 8 does not slide with respect to the metal rail 10, and more accurate water level observation is possible.

(Example 6)
FIG. 10 shows an example in which the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a water level observation apparatus in a manhole, and the same reference numerals or the same members as those in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are used. Is attached.

  In the water level observation apparatus of the sixth embodiment, the IC tag 4 is arranged outside the manhole, the electric element 52 is arranged inside the manhole, and the IC tag 4 and the electric element 52 are connected by the lead wire 51. is there.

  When the water surface 6 in the manhole rises and reaches the position where the electric element 52 is submerged, the intensity of the radio wave reaching the IC tag reader 5 from the IC tag 4 decreases below a predetermined value. By detecting this, the electric element 52 is detected. It is possible to observe the submersion of water, that is, the change of the water level in the manhole.

  By observing the water level in the manhole according to the sixth embodiment, it is possible to accurately cope with the rise in the water level inside the manhole due to rainfall exceeding the drainage capacity of the sewer due to the recent urban torrential rain.

  Moreover, when the IC tag 4 is arranged on the ground outside the manhole and the electric element 52 is arranged inside the manhole, the radio wave from the IC tag 4 is not blocked by the metal lid of the manhole. It becomes possible to construct a water level change observation system inside a manhole using an IC tag.

(Example 7)
FIG. 11 shows a first example in which the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a rainfall observation apparatus. The same reference numerals or the same members as those in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) are assigned the same reference numerals. It is attached.

The rainfall observation device according to the seventh embodiment includes the overturned ridge 14 composed of ridges 14 ₁ and 14 ₂ below the water receiving port 13, and the IC tags 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ inside the ridges 14 ₁ and 14 ₂ , respectively. arrangement, and wireless communication with the IC tag 4 ₁ and the IC tag reader 5 by rainwater collected in the water receiving port 13 is stored in one of the chambers 14 ₁ becomes incommunicable state, the square 14 ₁ is filled with water rainwater rainwater fall in weight is drained from the drain port 15 ₁ of then the rainwater wireless communication with the IC tag 4 ₂ and the IC tag reader 5 by storing the other chambers 14 ₂ becomes incommunicable state The rainfall is observed by detecting the repetition of.

Each square ₁₄ 1, 14 ₂ of the lower and the stopper ₁₆ 1, 16 ₂ is arranged, by which, over rotation of squares ₁₄ 1, 14 ₂ is adapted to be prevented.

As in the seventh embodiment, IC tags 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ are arranged inside the cages 14 ₁ and 14 ₂ , and a change from a wireless communication enabled state to a wireless communication disabled state is detected by storing rainwater, and precipitation is detected. with the configuration of observing the amount, there is no need to transmit from one square 14 ₁ to the transducer via an electrical cable operation number of electrical contacts when switching to the other squares 14 _2, the reliability of the rainfall observations Can be improved and the degree of freedom of installation of the observation device can be increased.

(Example 8)
FIG. 12 shows a second example in which the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a rainfall amount observation apparatus. In FIG. 12 (a), FIG. 4 (b) and FIG. The same reference numerals are given.

Rainfall observation apparatus of the present embodiment 8 is formed by connecting each electric device ₅₂ 1, 52 ₂ via each IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2} leads ₅₁ 1, 51 _2.

Electrical elements ₅₂ 1, 52 ₂ is disposed at a position touching the inside of the rainwater a basket ₁₄ 1, 14 _2, IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2,} in a position not touching the squares ₁₄ 1, 14 ₂ of the external rain water is arranged, rainwater in a state where arrival wave strength becomes lower than a predetermined value from the IC tag 4 ₁ to the IC tag reader 5 by storing the one square 14 _1, fall under the weight of rainwater when masu 14 ₁ is filled with water to rainwater is drained from the drain port 15 _1, then rainwater of the arrival wave intensity from the IC tag 4 ₂ into the IC tag reader 5 by storing the other chambers 14 ₂ in a state of being lower than a predetermined value The rainfall is observed by detecting the repetition.

As in the eighth embodiment, the electric element ₅₂ 1, 52 ₂ connected to each IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2} via a lead wire ₅₁ 1, 51 _2, squares 14 ₁ IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2} , 14 with the structure arranged in a _second position not to touch the outside of the rainwater, IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2} is always capable of communication regardless of the operation of the electric element ₅₂ 1, 52 _2, operation A system with high reliability of confirmation can be realized.

Example 9
FIG. 13 shows a third example in which the meteorological event observation device of the present invention is applied to a rainfall observation device, and the same reference numerals or the same members as those in FIG.

Rainfall observation apparatus of the present embodiment 9, flows out from the other chambers 14 ₂ when the drain outlet 15 ₁ and tipping bucket 14 as a rainwater passage flowing out of square 14 ₁ of one when the tipping bucket 14 falls down falls down each IC tag ₄ 1 in the interior of the discharge port 15 ₂ of the passage for, _{4 2} is disposed, the IC tag _{4 1} and the IC tag reader when the rainwater to flow out from one square 14 ₁ passes through the discharge port 15 ₁ wireless communication with 5 becomes incommunicable state, and the wireless communication is impossible communication state with the IC tag 4 ₂ and the IC tag reader 5 when rainwater to flow out from the other chambers 14 ₂ through the discharge port 15 ₂ The rainfall is observed by detecting the repetition of becoming.

As in the ninth embodiment, the IC tags 4 ₁ and 4 ₂ are disposed inside the drain ports 15 ₁ and 15 ₂ , and wireless communication is not possible due to the passage of rainwater that has flowed out from the troughs 14 ₁ and 14 _2. with the configuration of observing by detecting precipitation and was changed to state, the number of operations of the electrical contacts when switching the squares 14 ₂ from one square 14 ₁ other similarly to the example 5 Need not be transmitted to the converter via an electric cable, so that the reliability of rainfall observation can be improved and the degree of freedom of installation of the observation device can be increased.

(Example 10)
FIG. 14 shows a second example in which the meteorological event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a rainfall amount observation apparatus, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

Rainfall observation apparatus of the present embodiment 10 is obtained by connecting each electric device ₅₂ 1, 52 ₂ via each IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2} leads ₅₁ 1, 51 _2.

Electrical elements ₅₂ 1, 52 ₂ is disposed at a position touching the inside of the rainwater drainage openings ₁₅ 1, 15 _2, IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2} does not touch the discharge port ₁₅ 1, 15 ₂ of the external rain water is disposed at a location, rainwater in a state where arrival wave strength becomes lower than a predetermined value from the IC tag 4 ₁ when passing through the discharge port 15 ₁ to flow out from one square 14 ₁ to the IC tag reader 5, rainwater and the other the rainfall by reaching the radio wave intensity from the IC tag 4 ₂ into the IC tag reader 5 detects the repetition of that in a state of being lower than a predetermined value when the flow out from chambers 14 ₂ passes through the discharge port 15 ₂ To observe.

As in this embodiment 10, the electric element ₅₂ 1, 52 ₂ connected to each IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2} via a lead wire ₅₁ 1, 51 _2, the IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2} drainage port 15 _1, 15 by a configuration disposed in a position not touch the _second outer rainwater, IC tag ₄ 1, _{4 2} is always capable of communication regardless of the operation of the electric element ₅₂ 1, 52 _2, A system with high reliability of operation confirmation can be realized.

In each of Examples 1 to 10, the submerged IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ , 4 ₄ and the IC tag reader 5 have a waterproof structure, and the surface is subjected to a water-repellent coating treatment. Moisture removal from the surface is quickened, the measurement accuracy of the radio wave arrival strength can be improved, and detection of switching between a wireless enabled state and a wireless disabled state is ensured.

(Example 11)
FIG. 15 shows an example of an IC tag encoder used when the weather event observation apparatus of the present invention is applied to a wind speed observation apparatus or a wind direction observation apparatus. FIG. 15 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 15 (b). Is a side view, and the same reference numerals or members as those in FIGS. 4A and 4B are denoted by the same reference numerals.

IC tag encoder 17 for use in wind velocity observation device of the present embodiment 11, the disc 18 a plurality of IC tags to _{4 1,} 4 _2, 4 3 ... _{4 n} is arranged comprising an IC tag disc 19 The shielding disk 20 having the electromagnetic shielding part 21 and the electromagnetic transmission part 22 is arranged concentrically in the circumferential direction.

Such an IC tag encoder 17 is attached to a wind rotating body (for example, a prober of the conventional wind direction / wind speed observation apparatus shown in FIG. 12) that rotates by receiving wind, and either of the IC tag disk 18 and the shielding disk 20 is used. When either one of the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ ... 4 _n is positioned in the electromagnetic transmission part 22, the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 _3. When the wireless communication between _4n and the IC tag reader 5 becomes communicable and the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ ... 4 _n are located in the electromagnetic shielding part 21, the IC tag 4 ₁ , and _{4 2,} 4 3 ... ₄ by utilizing the fact _{that n} and wireless communication with the IC tag reader 5 is incommunicable state, the IC tag _{4 1,} 4 _2, 4 3 ... _{4 n} By measuring the communication status and communication time with the IC tag reader 5, It is possible to observe the fast.

As in this embodiment 11, with the configuration of the observing wind speed by detecting the wireless communication state between the IC tag _{4 1, 4 2, 4 3} ··· 4 n and the IC tag reader 5, the wind speed data Transmission is simplified.

(Example 12)
The IC tag encoder 17 described in the eleventh embodiment is attached to a wind direction rotating body that rotates according to the wind direction (for example, the tail of the conventional wind direction / wind speed observation device shown in FIG. 19), and the IC tag disk 18 and the shielding disk. When any one of the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 _3, ..., 4 _n is positioned in the electromagnetic transmission part 22, the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ ... _{4 n} and the wireless communication between the IC tag reader 5 becomes communicable state, the IC tag _{4 1,} 4 _2, 4 3 ... _{4 when n} is positioned at the electromagnetic shielding portion 21, IC Using the fact that wireless communication between the tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ ... 4 _n and the IC tag reader 5 becomes impossible to communicate, the IC tags 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 _3. · 4 _{by n} and the direction of north, south, east, and west, etc. allowed to correspond, the wind direction It can be measured.

4, 4 ₁ , 4 ₂ , 4 ₃ ... 4 _n IC tag 5 IC tag reader 6 Water surface 7 Float 8 Cylindrical float 14 Falling rod 14 ₁ , 14 ₂枡 15 ₁ , 15 ₂ Drain port 17 IC tag encoder 18 yen Board 19 IC tag disk 20 Shielding disk 21 Electromagnetic shielding part 22 Electromagnetic transmission part 51 ₁ , 51 ₂ Lead wire
52 ₁ , 52 ₂ electrical elements

Claims (22)

  The IC tag reader includes an IC tag and an IC tag reader, and the IC tag reader is based on at least one of detecting that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag changes from a high level to a low level and detecting that the radio wave intensity from the low level changes to a high level. A meteorological event observation device characterized by observing meteorological events.   The IC tag reader observes a meteorological event based on at least one of detection that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag is lower than a predetermined value and detection that it is higher than a predetermined value. Weather event observation device.   The IC tag reader detects that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag has changed from the communicable state to the incommunicable state and the wireless communication between the two from the incommunicable state to the communicable state. The weather event observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the weather event is observed based on at least one of detection of change.   The meteorological event observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the meteorological event is a water level of a river or the like.   A plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and the IC tag reader detects the change of the radio wave intensity from at least one IC tag from a high level to a low level as the water level rises. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 4, wherein the water level is observed.   A plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and the IC tag reader observes the water level of a river or the like based on detection that the radio wave intensity reached from at least one IC tag has dropped from a predetermined value as the water level increases. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 4, wherein the meteorological event observation device is provided.   A plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and the IC tag reader changes the wireless communication between the two from a communicable state to a non-communicable state as the water level from at least one IC tag increases. 6. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 4, wherein a water level of a river or the like is observed based on the detection of the fact.   A plurality of IC tags are arranged in a vertical direction, and an IC tag reader detects a river or the like based on detection that the radio wave intensity reached from at least one IC tag changes from a low level to a high level as the water level decreases. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 4, wherein the water level is observed.   A plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and the IC tag reader observes the water level of a river or the like based on the detection that the radio wave intensity reached from at least one IC tag has risen from a predetermined value as the water level drops. The meteorological event observation device according to any one of claims 4 and 8, wherein:   A plurality of IC tags are arranged in a vertical direction, and the IC tag reader changes wireless communication between the two from an incommunicable state to a communicable state as the wave intensity reached from at least one IC tag decreases. 9. The meteorological event observation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a water level of a river or the like is observed based on the detection of the fact.   A plurality of IC tags are arranged in the vertical direction, and an IC tag reader is arranged above the uppermost IC tag. As the water level rises, the radio wave arrival intensity from all IC tags increases from a high level. 5. The meteorological event observation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on detection of subsidence by an IC tag reader while detecting based on detection of a change to a low level.   An IC tag is installed in a float that can move up and down following the water level, and the IC tag reader detects that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag changes from a high level to a low level and changes from a low level to a high level. 5. The meteorological event observation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the water level of a river or the like is observed based on at least one of the detection of the above.   A plurality of IC tags are installed on the outer peripheral surface or side surface of a cylindrical float that moves in the vertical direction while rolling following the water level, and the IC tag is submerged when the cylindrical float moves in the vertical direction while rolling. And the IC tag reader is based on at least one of detecting that the radio wave intensity reached from the IC tag changes from a high level to a low level and detecting that the signal intensity changes from a low level to a high level. 5. The meteorological event observation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein a water level of a river or the like is observed.   The meteorological event observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the meteorological event is a rainfall amount.   When a predetermined amount of rainwater is stored, IC tags are placed inside both rain gutters that repeatedly change the rain water storage from one gutter to the other gutter due to the fall of the gutter, and the IC tag reader stores rain water. 15. The meteorological event observation according to claim 14, wherein the rainfall is detected by detecting the fall of the kite based on the detection that the radio wave arrival intensity from the IC tag changes from a high level to a low level. apparatus.   When a predetermined amount of rainwater is stored, an IC tag is placed in the passage where rainwater flows out by the fall of a rain gauge dredge that repeatedly changes the rainwater storage from one dredge to the other dredge due to the fall of the dredge. The reader is characterized by observing rainfall by detecting the fall of the kite based on the detection that the radio wave arrival intensity from the IC tag changes from the high level to the low level as rainwater flows out due to the fall of the kite. The meteorological event observation device according to claim 14.   The meteorological event observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein an electrical element that changes electrical characteristics when connected to moisture via a lead wire is connected to the IC tag.   The meteorological event observation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein at least one of the IC tag and the IC tag reader has a waterproof structure, and a surface is subjected to a water-repellent coating treatment.   The weather event observation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the weather event is a wind speed.   An IC tag encoder in which an IC tag disk in which a plurality of IC tags are arranged on a disk and a shielding disk having an electromagnetic shielding part and an electromagnetic transmission part in the circumferential direction are arranged concentrically is provided. In response to the rotation of the wind power rotating body, the IC tag reader has a radio wave arrival intensity from the IC tag of the electromagnetic shielding section as either the IC tag disk or the shielding disk rotates together with the wind power rotating body. 20. The meteorological event observation apparatus according to claim 19, wherein the wind speed is observed based on detection of a change from a high level to a low level due to passage.   The meteorological event observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the weather event is a wind direction.   An IC tag encoder in which an IC tag disk having a plurality of IC tags arranged on a disk and a shielding disk having an electromagnetic shielding part and an electromagnetic transmission part in the circumferential direction are arranged concentrically, The IC tag reader is attached to a wind direction rotating body that rotates according to the frequency of the electromagnetic shield, and either the IC tag disk or the shielding disk rotates together with the wind rotating body. The weather event observation apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the wind direction is observed based on detection of a change from a high level to a low level due to passage.

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