JP2010281195A - Perforating apparatus for enhanced performance in high pressure wellbore - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a perforating apparatus using shaped charges enabling enhanced performance in a high pressure and high temperature wellbore. <P>SOLUTION: The perforating apparatus 50 includes a carrier gun body 52 having a plurality of radially reduced sections 54. The radially reduced sections 54 have a nanocomposite outer layer 72. A charge holder 62 is positioned within the carrier gun body 52. A plurality of shaped charges 56 are supported by the charge holder 62. Each of the shaped charges 56 has an initiation end and a discharge end. The discharge ends of the shaped charges 56 are disposed proximally to the radially reduced sections 54 of the carrier gun body 52 such that the jets formed upon detonation of the shaped charges 56 travel through the radially reduced sections 54. The nanocomposite outer layers 72 of the radially reduced sections 54 enable enhanced performance of the perforating apparatus 50 in the high pressure and high temperature wellbore. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates generally to an apparatus for drilling underground wells using shaped explosives, and more particularly to a drilling apparatus for improving performance in high pressure and high temperature wells.

  Without limiting the scope of the present invention, as an example, the background of the present invention will be described with respect to drilling into a hydrocarbon embryo underground formation using a shaped explosive drilling device.

  After excavating a portion of the underground well that traverses the hydrocarbon embryo underground formation, each unique length of metal tube is typically attached to each other to form a casing string disposed within the well. This casing string increases the integrity of the well and provides a passage. Through the passage, fluid from the formation can be produced to the outside. Usually the casing string is cemented inside the well. In order for fluid to be produced into the casing string, fluid openings or through holes must be formed through the casing string, cement, and the separation into the formation.

  Generally, these perforations are created by detonating a series of shaped explosives placed inside one or more perforation guns. These piercing guns are placed within the casing string and in close proximity to the desired formation. Typically, a perforated gun is formed from a closed, fluid tight and hollow carrier gun body. The carrier gun body is adapted to descend on the wire line or pipe carried into the well. An explosive holder is disposed within the hollow carrier gun body to support and place the shaped explosive with a selected spatial distribution. Molded explosives have explosive material inside that is pressed into a cone. An initiation cord used to detonate the shaped explosive is located proximate the rear of the shaped explosive. The detonation cord can be actuated electrically or mechanically when the drill gun is placed in the well.

  In such a closed fluid-tight carrier gun body, the explosive jet produced by the explosion of the shaped explosive penetrates through the hollow carrier gun body and then through the well casing wall and adjacent formation. To do. In order to reduce the resistance caused by the hollow carrier gun body and increase the penetration depth of the drilling into the formation, the drilling gun body has other radially thinned parts such as scallops or strips. May be provided. Those scallops and other radially thinned portions leave a relatively thin wall portion through which the explosion jet passes. The scallops in the hollow carrier gun body must be arranged in a spatial distribution corresponding to the spatial distribution of the shaped explosive held in the gun body by the explosive holder.

  However, it has been found that reducing the thickness of the carrier gun body at and near the scallop limits the strength of the perforation gun. Thus, in order to drill in a high pressure and high temperature well, a defined outer diameter drill gun must have an increased wall thickness and / or a reduced scallop depth. In either case, the performance of such a drill gun will be reduced. Specifically, the use of a carrier gun body with increased wall thickness reduces the available volume inside the carrier gun body, which necessitates the use of smaller shaped explosives. Also, the use of a carrier gun body with reduced scallop depth limits the penetration depth of the perforations into the formation.

  Accordingly, a need arises for a drilling apparatus that is operable for use in high pressure and high temperature wells and does not require a carrier gun body with increased wall thickness. There is also a need for such a drilling device that is operable for use in high pressure and high temperature wells and does not require a carrier gun body with reduced scallop depth. Furthermore, a need arises for such a drilling device that is operable to achieve improved drilling performance in high pressure and high temperature wells.

  The present invention disclosed herein includes a drilling device for improving drilling performance in a high pressure and high temperature well. The drilling device of the present invention is operable for use in high pressure and high temperature wells without the need for a carrier gun body with increased wall thickness. The drilling device of the present invention is also operable for use in high pressure and high temperature wells without the need for a carrier gun body with reduced scallop depth.

  In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a drilling device for high pressure and high temperature applications. The perforating apparatus includes a carrier gun body having a plurality of radially thinned portions having a nanocomposite outer layer. An explosive holder is placed inside the carrier gun body. A plurality of shaped explosives are supported by the explosive holder. Each shaped explosive has an initiation end portion and a discharge end portion, and is arranged such that the discharge end portion is positioned in the immediate vicinity of the radially thinned portion of the carrier gun body.

  In one embodiment, the radially thinned portion of the carrier gun body is a recess. In another embodiment, the radially thinned portion of the carrier gun body is a strip portion. In certain embodiments, the use of the nanocomposite outer layer is not limited to the radially thinned portion of the carrier gun body. For example, a portion of the carrier gun body immediately adjacent to the radially thinned portion may have a nanocomposite outer layer. The entire carrier gun body may have a nanocomposite outer layer. Instead of or in addition to these, the carrier gun body may have a nanocomposite inner layer, or the whole may be formed of a nanocomposite material.

  In one embodiment, the nanocomposite material that forms all or part of the carrier gun body can be a nanostructured alloy, such as a nanostructured iron-based alloy. In this embodiment, the iron-based alloy may be obtained from metallic glass. In this embodiment, the alloy component of the iron-based alloy may be selected from the group consisting of boron, carbon, chromium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, silicon, tungsten, and vanadium.

  In one embodiment, the nanocomposite layer can be applied to the carrier gun body by thermal spraying. In another embodiment, the nanocomposite layer can be applied to the carrier gun body by a welding process. The nanocomposite layer can be applied to the radially thinned portion as such (ie, by thermal spraying or welding). In additional embodiments, the nanocomposite layer may be integral with the carrier gun body material.

  In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a drilling device for high pressure and high temperature applications. The perforating apparatus includes a carrier gun body having an outer surface formed at least in part from a nanocomposite material. An explosive holder is disposed inside the carrier, and a plurality of shaped explosives are supported by the explosive holder.

  For a more complete understanding of the features and advantages of the present invention, reference is now made to the detailed description of the invention along with the accompanying figures. In the accompanying drawings, corresponding reference numerals in different drawings indicate corresponding parts.

1 is a schematic view of an offshore oil and gas platform for operating a drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway view of a drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a partially cutaway view of a drilling device according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the carrier gun body in the perforation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the carrier gun body in the perforation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the carrier gun body in the perforation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the carrier gun body in the perforation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the carrier gun body in the perforation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the carrier gun body in the perforation apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention.

  The manufacture and use of various embodiments of the present invention will be discussed in detail below, but the present invention provides many applicable inventive concepts that can be embodied in a wide variety of specific contexts. That should be recognized correctly. The specific embodiments discussed herein are merely illustrative of specific ways to make and use the invention and do not delimit the scope of the invention.

  Referring initially to FIG. 1, the drilling apparatus of the present invention operates from an offshore oil and gas platform, schematically illustrated and generally designated 10. A semisubmersible platform 12 is centered on an underwater oil and gas layer 14 located below the seabed 16. An underwater conduit 18 extends from the deck 20 of the platform 12 to a wellhead facility 22 that includes a blowout prevention device 24. The platform 12 includes an elevating device 26 and a derrick 28 for elevating a pipe string such as the work string 30.

  Wells 32 extend through various formations including formation 14. A casing 34 is hardened by cement 36 inside the well 32. The work string 30 includes a variety of tools including a shaped explosive drilling device 38 operable to improve performance in high pressure and high temperature wells. When it is desired to drill the formation 14, the work string 30 is lowered through the casing 34 until the shaped explosive drilling device 38 is positioned proximate the formation 14. Thereafter, the shaped explosive punching device 38 is ignited by exploding each shaped explosive. These shaped explosives are arranged inside the carrier gun body 40 and aligned with a recess 42 formed on the outer surface of the carrier gun body 40. In the present invention, at least the outer surface of each recess 42 includes a nanocomposite layer. The nanocomposite layer increases the strength of the carrier gun body 40 at the position of each recess 42. By using the nanocomposite outer layer, the carrier gun body 40 can have a relatively thin wall at the position of each recess 42, thereby improving the drilling performance in the high pressure and high temperature well. Thus, immediately after the explosion, the shaped explosive liner forms a jet that passes through the recess 42 and forms a series of perforations spaced from each other. The perforations extend outward through the casing 34, cement 36, and the desired depth into the formation 14.

  Although FIG. 1 depicts a vertical well, the shaped explosive drilling device of the present invention may have other shapes including eccentric wells, inclined wells, horizontal wells, multilateral wells, and the like. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that it is equally suitable for use with. Accordingly, the use of terms indicating directions such as “up”, “down”, “up”, “down”, etc. is used for convenience in referring to the illustrated examples. It should also be understood by those skilled in the art that although FIG. 1 depicts offshore operations, it is equally suitable for use on land.

  Referring now to FIG. 2, there is depicted a shaped explosive drilling device of the present invention, generally designated 50. The piercing device 50 includes a carrier gun body 52 formed of a cylindrical sleeve. The cylindrical sleeve has a plurality of radially thinned areas depicted as scallops or recesses 54. Each recess 54 is radially aligned with each one of the plurality of shaped explosives 56. Each shaped explosive 56 includes an outer housing, such as housing 58, and a liner, such as liner 60. A certain amount of high-performance explosive is placed between each housing and the liner.

  The shaped explosive 56 is held inside the carrier gun body 52 by an explosive holder 62. The explosive holder 62 includes an outer explosive holder sleeve 64 and an inner explosive holder sleeve 66. In this configuration, the outer tube 64 supports the discharge end of the shaped explosive 56 and the inner tube 66 supports the initiation end of the formed explosive 56. Inside the inner tube 66, an initiation cord (explosion wire) 70, for example, Prima cord (registered trademark) used to explode the shaped explosive 56 is disposed. In the illustrated embodiment, the initiation end of the shaped explosive 56 extends across the longitudinal axis of the drilling device 50 and the initiation cord 70 is disposed within the shaped explosive 56 through an opening defined in the top of the housing of the shaped explosive 56. It can be connected to high-performance explosives.

  Each shaped explosive 56 is aligned longitudinally and radially with one of the recesses 54 within the carrier gun body 52 when the drilling device 50 is fully assembled. In the illustrated embodiment, the shaped explosives 56 are arranged in a spiral pattern. The arrangement in the spiral pattern is such that each shaped explosive 56 is placed at its own level or height and should be individually initiated so that only one shaped explosive is ignited at a time. Done. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that alternative shaped explosive arrangements may be used, including cluster-type designs, without departing from the principles of the present invention. In the clustered design, two or more shaped explosives are explosive at the same level and at the same time. As discussed below, each recess 54 of the drilling device 50 has a nanocomposite outer layer 72 that increases the strength of the carrier gun body 52 so that the drilling device 50 can be operated in a high pressure and high temperature well. I am doing so.

  Referring now to FIG. 3, there is depicted a shaped explosive drilling device of the present invention, generally designated 100. The perforating apparatus 100 includes a plurality of shaped explosives 102, three of which are depicted. The shaped explosive 102 is attached to the inside of the explosive holder 104 disposed inside the carrier gun body 106. In the illustrated embodiment, the explosive holder 104 can include one or more longitudinal portions. Each longitudinal portion is rotatably supported in the carrier gun body 106 by a pair of supports 108, but only one such support 108 is visible in FIG. Each support 108 includes a rolling element or bearing 110 that contacts the inside of the carrier gun body 106. An optional thrust bearing 112 may also be placed between the support 108 at each end of the carrier gun body 106 and the device 114 attached to each end of the carrier gun body 106. The device 114 may be a tandem used to couple two guns together, a bull plug used to terminate the gun string, a firing head, or any other that can be attached to the carrier gun body 106 within the gun string. It may be a type of device. In this configuration, the explosive 102 can rotate inside the carrier gun body 106.

  In the illustrated embodiment, gravity is used to rotate the explosive 102 in a desired orientation within the carrier gun body 106. Specifically, the center of gravity of the rotating assembly 118 including the explosive holder 104, the shaped explosive 102, and the weight 120 is laterally offset, so that the assembly 118 is biased by gravity and the center of gravity is directly below the rotation axis. Rotate to the specific position where the is placed.

  The carrier gun body 106 is provided with a radially thinned portion depicted as a band-like portion 122. The belt-like portion 122 covers the outside of each explosive 102 and extends around the carrier gun body 106 in the circumferential direction. Thus, as each shaped explosive 102 rotates within the carrier gun body 106, each shaped explosive 102 maintains its orientation of firing (exploding) through one of the strips 122. Similar to the recesses 54 of the drilling device 50 discussed above, the strip 122 has a nanocomposite outer layer 124 that increases the strength of the carrier gun body 106, thereby allowing the drilling device 100 to be placed in a high pressure and high temperature well. It can be operated with.

  Referring now to FIG. 4, there is depicted in section a portion of a carrier gun body (generally designated 150) in the drilling apparatus of the present invention. The carrier gun body 150 includes a plurality of radially thinned regions 152. These radially thinned regions 152 correspond to scallops, recesses, or strips as discussed above, or other configurations in which the wall of the carrier gun body 150 has some thin walls. It's okay. Each radially thinned region 152 has a nanocomposite outer layer 154 that increases the strength of the carrier gun body 150 so that a drilling device including the carrier gun body 150 can be operated in a high pressure and high temperature well. I have to.

  The nanocomposite outer layer 154 has a strength that is higher than the strength of the metal that forms the remainder of the carrier gun body 150. For example, the carrier gun body 150 may be formed from regular steel, while the nanocomposite outer layer 154 is formed from a nanostructured material having a nanosized structure, such as a nanocrystalline iron alloy including nanocrystalline steel. The As used herein, nanostructured materials will encompass materials having a structure of 1 to 500 nanometers, more preferably materials having a structure of 1 to 100 nanometers.

  The nanocomposite outer layer 154 may be formed from an iron-based alloy having an alloy component selected from the group consisting of boron, carbon, chromium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, silicon, tungsten, and vanadium. In one example, the weight percentage of the alloy component is about 0% to 4% boron, about 0.1% to 8% carbon, about 0.5% to 21% chromium, about 55% to 95% iron, About 0% to 3% manganese, about 0.5% to 8% molybdenum, about 0% to 5% nickel, about 0% to 4% niobium, about 0% to 2% silicon, about 0% To 7% tungsten, and about 0% to 4% vanadium.

  The material of the nanocomposite outer layer 154 can be formed using the self-organization phenomenon in the solid phase transition accompanied by the decomposition of the single-phase supersaturated solid solution into the multiphase nanoscale microstructure. Self-assembled solid phase nanostructures can be prepared using a variety of techniques including spinodal decomposition, eutectoid transformation, glass devitrification, and the like. Alternatively, the material of the nanocomposite outer layer 154 may be formed using powder metal mechanical alloying. The material of the nanocomposite outer layer 154 is preferably formed using a glass devitrification process. In the glass devitrification process, an iron-based alloy component is heat-treated in a metallic glass state, and then devitrified (crystallized) into a material having a desired multiphase nanoscale grain structure.

  The nanocomposite outer layer 154 may be applied to or formed on the carrier gun body 150 using a variety of processing techniques including spraying, welding, or other suitable techniques. Alternatively, the nanocomposite outer layer 154 may be formed integrally with the carrier gun body 150. For example, the nanocomposite outer layer 154 may be applied to the carrier gun body 150 using a high speed flame (HVOF) spray process. The high-speed flame spraying method sprays a nanocomposite layer using a combination of oxygen and one or more combustion gases such as hydrogen, propane, propylene, kerosene and the like. Alternatively, a twin wire arc spraying (TWAS) method may be used. In the twin wire arc spraying method, two metal wires that are electrically charged opposite to each other are sent together, and a controlled arc is generated at the intersection of the wires to form a molten metal. The molten metal is atomized by a compressed air or gas jet and sprayed onto the carrier gun body 150 to form a nanocomposite layer.

  Alternatively, the nanocomposite outer layer 154 may be applied to or formed on the carrier gun body 150 using various welding methods. For example, the plasma powder overlay arc welding (PTAW) method uses plasma to melt the raw material powder and form a sufficiently dense and metallurgically bonded weld layer of the nanocomposite material on the carrier gun body 150. Is formed. Further, the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) method uses a continuous consumable wire electrode and a shielding gas both supplied through a welding torch so that an electric arc is transmitted between the wire electrode and the surface of the carrier gun body 150. The nanocomposite layer is formed by melting the wire. Similarly, the open arc welding (OAW) method utilizes a continuous consumable wire electrode supplied through a welding torch, and an electric arc transmitted between the wire electrode and the carrier gun body 150 melts the wire to cause a nanocomposite layer. Is formed.

  Using the nanocomposite outer layer 154 in the radial thinned region 152 of the carrier gun body 150 increases the strength of the carrier gun body 150 in the radial thinned region 152, thereby drilling in a high pressure and high temperature well. Improve performance. The nanocomposite outer layer 154 also increases the residual force of the carrier gun body 150 after a drilling event by minimizing the expansion, cracking, catastrophic rupture or splitting of the carrier gun body 150.

  Referring now to FIG. 5, a portion of a carrier gun body (generally indicated at 160) in the drilling apparatus of the present invention is depicted in cross section. The carrier gun body 160 includes a plurality of radially thinned regions 162. These radially thinned regions 162 correspond to scallops, recesses, or strips as discussed above, or other configurations in which the wall of the carrier gun body 160 has some thin walls. It's okay. In addition to each radial thinned region 162, the region immediately adjacent to each radial thinned region 162 also has a nanocomposite outer layer 164 that increases the strength of the carrier gun body 160, thereby causing the carrier gun body 160. Can be operated in a high pressure and high temperature well.

  Similar to the nanocomposite outer layer 154 discussed above, the nanocomposite outer layer 164 has a strength that is higher than the strength of the metal that forms the remainder of the carrier gun body 160, and the nanograin iron alloy discussed above. And can be formed from a nanostructured material having a nanosized structure. Nanocomposite outer layer 164 may be applied to or formed on carrier gun body 160 using a variety of processes such as those discussed above, including thermal spraying and welding. Alternatively, the nanocomposite outer layer 164 may be formed integrally with the carrier gun body 160.

  The use of the nanocomposite outer layer 164 around the radially thinned region 162 of the carrier gun body 160 and its surroundings can increase the strength of the carrier gun body 160, thereby improving the drilling performance in a high pressure and high temperature well. And The nanocomposite outer layer 164 also increases the residual force of the carrier gun body 160 after a drilling event by minimizing the expansion, cracking, catastrophic rupture or splitting of the carrier gun body 160.

  Referring now to FIG. 6, there is depicted in section a portion of a carrier gun body (generally designated 170) in the drilling device of the present invention. The carrier gun body 170 includes a plurality of radially thinned regions 172. These radially thinned regions 172 correspond to scallops, recesses, or strips as discussed above, or other configurations in which the wall of the carrier gun body 170 has some thin walls. It's okay. The outer surface of the carrier gun body 170 has a nanocomposite outer layer 174 that increases the strength of the carrier gun body 170 so that a drilling device including the carrier gun body 170 can be operated in a high pressure and high temperature well. I have to.

  Similar to the nanocomposite outer layers 154 and 164 discussed above, the nanocomposite outer layer 174 has a strength that is higher than the strength of the metal that forms the remainder of the carrier gun body 170, and the nanocrystal grains discussed above. It can be formed from a nanostructured material having a nanosized structure, such as an iron alloy. Nanocomposite outer layer 174 may be applied to or formed on carrier gun body 170 using a variety of processes such as those discussed above, including spraying and welding. Alternatively, the nanocomposite outer layer 174 may be formed integrally with the carrier gun body 170.

  Using the nanocomposite outer layer 174 of the carrier gun body 170 increases the strength of the carrier gun body 170, thereby improving the perforation performance in a high pressure and high temperature well. The nanocomposite outer layer 174 also increases the residual force of the carrier gun body 170 after a drilling event by minimizing the expansion, cracking, catastrophic rupture or splitting of the carrier gun body 170.

  Referring now to FIG. 7, there is depicted in section a portion of a carrier gun body (generally indicated at 180) in the drilling device of the present invention. The carrier gun body 180 includes a plurality of radially thinned regions 182. These radially thinned regions 182 correspond to scallops, recesses, or strips as discussed above, or other configurations in which the wall of the carrier gun body 180 has some thin walls. It's okay. The inner surface of the carrier gun body 180 has a nanocomposite layer 184 that increases the strength of the carrier gun body 180 so that the drilling device including the carrier gun body 180 can operate in a high pressure and high temperature well. ing.

  Similar to the nanocomposite outer layers 154, 164, 174 discussed above, the nanocomposite inner layer 184 has a strength that is higher than the strength of the metal that forms the remainder of the carrier gun body 180, and the nanocomposites discussed above. It can be formed from a nanostructured material having a nanosized structure, such as a grain iron alloy. The nanocomposite inner layer 184 can be applied to or formed on the carrier gun body 180 using a variety of processes such as those discussed above, including thermal spraying and welding. Alternatively, the nanocomposite inner layer 184 may be formed integrally with the carrier gun body 180.

  Using the nanocomposite inner layer 184 of the carrier gun body 180 increases the strength of the carrier gun body 180, thereby improving the perforation performance in a high pressure and high temperature well. The nanocomposite inner layer 184 also increases the residual force of the carrier gun body 180 after a drilling event by minimizing the expansion, cracking, catastrophic rupture or splitting of the carrier gun body 180.

  Referring now to FIG. 8, there is depicted in section a portion of a carrier gun body (generally designated 190) in the drilling apparatus of the present invention. The carrier gun body 190 includes a plurality of radially thinned regions 192. These radially thinned regions 192 correspond to scallops, recesses, or strips as discussed above, or other configurations where the wall of the carrier gun body 190 has some thin walls. It's okay. Each radially thinned region 192 has a nanocomposite outer layer 194 and the inner surface of the carrier gun body 190 has a nanocomposite layer 196. The nanocomposite outer layer 194 and nanocomposite layer 196 increase the strength of the carrier gun body 190 so that the drilling device including the carrier gun body 190 can be operated in a high pressure and high temperature well.

  Similar to the nanocomposite outer layer discussed above, the nanocomposite layers 194, 196 have a strength higher than that of the metal forming the remainder of the carrier gun body 190, and the nanocrystalline iron alloy discussed above. And can be formed from a nanostructured material having a nanosized structure. The nanocomposite layers 194, 196 may be applied to or formed on the carrier gun body 190 using a variety of processes as discussed above, including spraying and welding methods. Alternatively, the nanocomposite layers 194 and 196 may be formed integrally with the carrier gun body 190.

  The use of the nanocomposite layers 194, 196 of the carrier gun body 190 increases the strength of the carrier gun body 190, thereby improving the perforation performance in a high pressure and high temperature well. Also, the nanocomposite layers 194, 196 increase the residual force of the carrier gun body 190 after a drilling event by minimizing the expansion, cracking, catastrophic breakage, or splitting of the carrier gun body 190.

  Referring now to FIG. 9, there is depicted in section a portion of a carrier gun body (generally designated 200) in the drilling device of the present invention. The carrier gun body 200 is formed from a nanocomposite material 202. The nanocomposite material 202 has a higher strength than a similarly sized carrier gun body formed from a normal material. Thereby, the perforation apparatus including the carrier gun body 200 can be operated in a high pressure and high temperature well. Similar to the nanocomposite layer discussed above, the nanocomposite material 202 can be formed from a nanostructured material having a nano-sized structure, such as the nanocrystalline iron alloy discussed above. In addition to improving the drilling performance, the carrier gun body 200 formed from the nanocomposite material 202 can minimize the expansion, cracking, catastrophic rupture, or splitting of the carrier gun body 200 after the drilling event. The remaining power of the carrier gun body 200 is increased.

  While this invention has been described with reference to illustrative embodiments, this description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications and combinations of the illustrated embodiments as well as other embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reference to the description. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to cover any such modifications or embodiments.

Claims (26)

A carrier gun body having a plurality of radially thinned portions, wherein the radially thinned portions have nanocomposite outer layers;
An explosive holder disposed inside the carrier gun body;
A plurality of shaped explosives supported by the explosive holder;
With
Each of the shaped explosives has an initiation end portion and a discharge end portion, and the discharge end portion is disposed in the vicinity of the radially thinned portion of the carrier gun body.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the radially thinned portion further includes a recess.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the radially thinned portion further includes a band-shaped portion.   The perforating apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the carrier gun body proximate to the radially thinned portion further comprises a nanocomposite outer layer.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the carrier gun body further comprises a nanocomposite outer layer.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the carrier gun body further includes a nanocomposite inner layer.   The perforating apparatus of claim 1, wherein the nanocomposite outer layer of the radially thinned portion further comprises a nanostructured alloy.   The drilling device of claim 1, wherein the nanocomposite outer layer of the radially thinned portion further comprises an iron-based alloy.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the iron-based alloy is obtained from metallic glass.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the alloy component of the iron-based alloy is selected from the group consisting of boron, carbon, chromium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, silicon, tungsten, and vanadium.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nanocomposite outer layer is applied to the radially thinned portion by a thermal spraying method.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nanocomposite outer layer is applied to the radially thinned portion by a welding method.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the nanocomposite outer layer is integral with the material of the carrier gun body. A carrier gun body having a surface, wherein the surface is at least partially formed from a nanocomposite material;
An explosive holder disposed inside the carrier;
A plurality of shaped explosives supported by the explosive holder;
Drilling device with   The perforation of claim 14, wherein the carrier gun body has a plurality of radially thinned portions and the nanocomposite material forms an outer surface of the radially thinned portion of the carrier gun body. apparatus.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 15, wherein the nanocomposite material forms an outer surface of at least a portion of the carrier gun body proximate to the radially thinned portion.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the surface of the carrier gun body further includes an outer surface.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the surface of the carrier gun body further includes an inner surface.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the carrier gun body is entirely formed of a nanocomposite material.   The perforating apparatus of claim 14, wherein the nanocomposite material further comprises a nanostructured alloy.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the nanocomposite material further comprises an iron-based alloy.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the iron-based alloy is obtained from metallic glass.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 21, wherein the alloy component of the iron-based alloy is selected from the group consisting of boron, carbon, chromium, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, niobium, silicon, tungsten, and vanadium.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the nanocomposite material is applied to the carrier gun body by a thermal spraying method.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the nanocomposite material is applied to the carrier gun body by a welding method.   The perforating apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the nanocomposite material is integral with the material of the carrier gun body.

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