JP2010274905A - Marine vessel propulsion system, and marine vessel including the system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a marine vessel propulsion system producing a compression gas by a method with low cost and sufficient energy efficiency gentle for environment, and a marine vessel including such a marine vessel propulsion system. <P>SOLUTION: In the marine vessel propulsion system 1 and the marine vessel including the marine vessel propulsion system, the marine vessel propulsion system includes an internal combustion engine 10; compression gas providing means 30, 40 for providing the compression gas; and a gas carpet production device. Since the gas carpet production device is connected to the compression gas providing means, the compression gas prepared by the compression gas providing means can be fed to the gas carpet production device. Further, the gas carpet production device is set so as to produce the gas carpet on a bottom of the marine vessel using the compression gas. At this time, the compression gas providing means is connected to the internal combustion engine, and the compression gas providing means is set such that energy of an exhaust gas produced by the internal combustion engine is used for raising a pressure of the gas in order to produce the compression gas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a ship propulsion system described in claim 1 and a ship equipped with such a ship propulsion system.

  Non-Patent Document 1 describes a ship propulsion system of the above-described aspect. This ship propulsion system is provided with compressed gas providing means for generating compressed air in the form of a compressor, and the compressed air is in the form of a chamber arranged in the longitudinal direction of the ship through the compressed air duct at the bottom of the hull. Press fit into the structure. The chamber-like structure constitutes a gas carpet generating device that uses the compressed air to create a carpet of air at or below the bottom of the hull. The ship is also described in Non-Patent Document 2.

  Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3 describe further ships that can create an air carpet or air cushion at the bottom of the hull.

  A ship equipped with such a gas carpet or gas cushion generator has a lower navigation resistance due to less friction between the hull and water. This principle is also called air lubrication. However, none of the above-mentioned documents discloses a solution that can generate a compressed gas such as compressed air in a low-cost, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly manner.

  Conventional compressors that can generate compressed gas for compressed gas carpets or compressed gas cushions, for example, driven via electric motors or internal combustion engines, are expensive, maintenance intensive, prone to failure, energy It is intensive.

  One approach for solving this problem is shown in the ship described in Patent Document 4, in which the exhaust from the ship's diesel engine is directly or via a ballast tank, a cavity at the bottom of the hull. Where an air carpet or air cushion is generated.

German Patent No. 60308502 German Patent No. 60319518 German Patent 1609574 International Publication No. 2007/136269 Pamphlet

Magazine "Schiff & Hafen" first issue, January 2009, 41 pages Magazine "nonstop" 03/2008, pages 19-22

  An object of the present invention is to provide a marine vessel propulsion system as set forth in claim 1 that generates compressed gas in a low cost, energy efficient and environmentally friendly manner. A further object of the present invention is to provide a ship equipped with such a ship propulsion system.

  Said subject is solved by the ship propulsion system of Claim 1, or the ship of Claim 9. Developments of the invention are defined by the dependent claims.

  The ship propulsion system according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an internal combustion engine, compressed gas providing means for providing compressed gas, and a gas carpet generating device. The gas carpet generating device includes the compressed gas providing means. Is connected to the compressed gas providing means so that the compressed gas provided by the gas carpet generating device can be supplied to the gas carpet generating device, and the gas carpet generating device uses the compressed gas to the bottom of the ship hull. It is configured to produce a gas carpet or gas cushion.

  The ship propulsion system of the present invention is characterized in that the compressed gas providing means is connected to the internal combustion engine, and the compressed gas providing means uses the energy of the exhaust gas generated from the internal combustion engine to increase the gas pressure. It is comprised so that a compressed gas may be utilized for.

  In the present invention, the compressed gas refers to a gas having a pressure higher than the atmospheric pressure. As the gas, for example, exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine (when exhaust gas circulation is combined), outside air, or a combination with outside air can be used. .

  When exhaust energy is used to increase the pressure of the gas used in the air carpet, additional energy is not necessary because the surplus energy of the internal combustion engine is only branched. The pressure increase system is operated as soon as the ship navigates or when the ship's internal combustion engine is operated, and more exhaust energy is gained by increasing the speed of the ship or the engine speed and with it increasing the exhaust emissions. Can be used, which allows more compressed gas to be produced.

  According to one embodiment of the invention, the compressed gas providing means comprises an exhaust turbine and a compressor drivingly connected to the exhaust turbine to produce compressed gas, the exhaust inlet of the exhaust turbine being Since it is fluidly connected to the exhaust outlet of the internal combustion engine, it is possible to supply the exhaust discharged from the internal combustion engine to the exhaust turbine for rotational driving of the exhaust turbine, and the compressed gas outlet of the compressor Since it is connected to the gas carpet generator, the compressed gas generated by the compressor can be supplied to the gas carpet generator.

  In recent years, since highly efficient exhaust turbines are available, it is guaranteed that the exhaust energy can be converted into rotational drive energy simply and efficiently. Exhaust turbines are designed to be maintenance-free over long periods of operation and are very reliable or stable in operation, thereby reducing maintenance and operating costs. Furthermore, the purchase costs are acceptable because exhaust turbines can be introduced as standard components in various dimensions and performance classes. That is, the compressor is low cost, energy efficient, does not require frequent maintenance, can use a stable driving device, and does not require additional energy supply.

    According to a further embodiment of the invention, the compressor consists of one axial compressor or one centrifugal compressor.

  Axial and centrifugal compressors are still available today with very high efficiency, ensuring that rotary drive energy is easily and efficiently used for compressed gas generation or pressure increase. . Axial compressors and centrifugal compressors are also designed to be maintenance-free over long periods of operation and are very reliable or stable in operation, thereby reducing maintenance and operating costs. Furthermore, purchase costs are acceptable because axial and centrifugal compressors can also be introduced as standard components in various dimensions and performance classes.

  According to a further embodiment of the invention, the exhaust turbine and the compressor are integrated into the unit and configured as an exhaust turbocharger.

  This is very favorable because the torque transmission distance between the exhaust turbine and the compressor can be minimized, thereby further increasing efficiency. Furthermore, this achieves a very compact arrangement, thereby reducing the mounting space required for the compressed gas providing means. This is also suitable when remodeling such a ship, since the existing basic concept of a ship may have little free space available.

  According to a further embodiment of the invention, since the compressed gas outlet of the compressor is further connected to the gas inlet of the internal combustion engine, it is possible to supply the compressed gas generated by the compressor to the internal combustion engine for combustion.

  In other words, the compressed gas flow discharged from the compressor is used both for the intake air supply of the internal combustion engine and for the compressed gas supply of the gas carpet generator. For this purpose, the compressed gas stream is preferably divided into two compressed gas partial streams, and the flow rates of these two compressed gas partial streams are preferably controllable or adjustable. That is, excess compressed gas is branched before or after the internal combustion engine.

  This embodiment is a particularly simple and low-cost embodiment of the present invention.

  The ship propulsion system according to an embodiment of the present invention further comprises an additional exhaust turbine and an additional compressor, the additional compressor being drivingly connected to the additional exhaust turbine. The internal combustion engine includes an exhaust collector for recovering exhaust gas generated in the internal combustion engine, and the exhaust collector divides the exhaust gas recovered therein into two exhaust partial flows. The first exhaust partial flow is supplied to or can be supplied to the exhaust turbine of the compressed gas supply means, and the compressed gas outlet of the additional compressor is connected to the internal combustion engine. Due to the connection to the gas inlet, the compressed gas produced by the additional compressor can be supplied to the internal combustion engine for combustion.

  In other words, the one compressor (that is, the compressor of the compressed gas supply means) supplies compressed gas to the gas carpet generator, and the other (additional) compressor supplies air to the suction side of the internal combustion engine. To do.

  According to an embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust outlet of the additional exhaust turbine is connected to an exhaust outlet on the atmosphere side via an exhaust exhaust pipe, and the first exhaust partial flow is a bypass. Can be selectively supplied to the exhaust discharge pipe.

  An advantage of this is that excessive exhaust can be discharged without any problem when the compressed gas supply means is not operated, and therefore does not adversely affect the operation of the internal combustion engine.

  Preferably, the compressed gas is composed of pressurized air or compressed air.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a ship comprising a ship propulsion system based on any one, a plurality or all of the previously described embodiments of the present invention.

  Such a ship has particular advantages in terms of high speed that does not impair the cruising range of fuel tanks, operating costs, and the environment.

1 is a diagram schematically showing a ship propulsion system according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 schematically shows a ship propulsion system according to a further embodiment of the invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 illustrates a ship propulsion system 1 for a ship according to one embodiment of the present invention (not shown in its entirety).

  The marine vessel propulsion system 1 is attached to the propeller shaft 20, one internal combustion engine 10 in the form of a two-stroke diesel engine, a propeller shaft 20 drivingly connected to a crankshaft (not shown) of the internal combustion engine 10. Propeller (or ship screw) 21, primary exhaust turbocharger device 30 for supplying air on the intake side of the internal combustion engine 10, secondary exhaust turbocharger 40, gas carpet generator (not shown), in the form of a ship funnel An exhaust outlet 50 is provided.

  The internal combustion engine 10 includes a plurality of cylinders / piston units 11, a pipe-shaped air supply air collector 12, and an exhaust collector 13.

  In the embodiment shown in the figure, the primary exhaust turbocharger device 30 includes three exhaust turbochargers 31, 34, 37 connected in parallel, and each exhaust turbocharger 31, 34, 37 converts the exhaust energy into rotational drive energy. One exhaust turbine 32, 35, 38 for conversion and a compressor 33, 36, 39 respectively connected to the exhaust turbines 32, 35, 38 for generating compressed gas in the form of compressed atmosphere. I have. The compressors 33, 36 and 39 can each be implemented as an axial compressor or a centrifugal compressor. Each of the exhaust turbines 32, 35, and 38 and the compressors 33, 36, and 39 that are respectively attached together form an integral unit.

  The secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 constitutes a compressed gas providing means for providing the compressed gas in the form of compressed atmosphere to the gas carpet generating device. The secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 includes an exhaust turbine 41 for converting exhaust energy into rotational drive energy, and a compressor drivingly connected to the exhaust turbine 41 for generating compressed gas in the form of compressed air. 42 is provided. The compressor 42 can be implemented as an axial compressor or a centrifugal compressor. The exhaust turbine 41 and the compressor 42 together form an integral unit.

  The gas carpet generator uses the compressed gas from the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 to convert the gas carpet or gas cushion (in the described embodiment, the air carpet or air cushion) to the vessel. It is configured to be generated at the bottom. The possibility of the configuration of the gas carpet generating device is described in Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, and Patent Document 4 and can be understood by experts, so it is necessary to describe the gas carpet generating device in detail. Absent.

  In the simplest configuration, such a gas carpet generator has a chamber-like structure at the bottom of the hull, into which compressed gas can be introduced into the chamber-like structure. One or more possible openings are provided.

  An exhaust heat exchanger 60 is placed in front of the exhaust outlet 50, and heat energy can be taken out from the exhaust via the exhaust heat exchanger 60, and the heat energy can be used for heating purposes, for example.

  The exhaust collector 13 is provided with a plurality of (four in this figure) outlets 13a to 13d. The exhaust collector 13 first divides the exhaust collected in the exhaust collector 13 into two exhaust partial flows. For this purpose, the first exhaust partial flow can be supplied to the exhaust turbine 41 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 via the outlet 13a of the exhaust collector 13, and the second exhaust partial flow is exhausted. It can be supplied to the exhaust turbines 32, 35, and 38 of the primary exhaust turbocharger device 30 through the outlets 13 b to 13 d of the collector 13.

  For this purpose, the exhaust inlet 41a of the exhaust turbine 41 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 is fluidly connected to the outlet 13a of the exhaust collector 13 via the gas duct 14 (exhaust supply duct), and the primary exhaust turbocharger. Each of the exhaust inlets 32a, 35a, 38a of the exhaust turbines 32, 35, 38 of the charger device 30 is fluidized to one of the outlets 13b-13d of the exhaust collector 13 via a gas duct (exhaust supply duct; no symbol assignment). It is connected. In the gas duct 14 directed to the exhaust turbine 41 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40, a motor-driven control valve or control valve 14a and a quick closing valve 14b are arranged in series before the exhaust turbine 41.

  The exhaust outlets 32b, 35b, 38b of the exhaust turbines 32, 35, 38 of the primary exhaust turbocharger device 30 are fluidly connected to the exhaust heat exchanger 60 via the gas duct 15 (exhaust exhaust duct), and the exhaust heat The exchanger 60 is fluidly connected to the exhaust discharge port 50 via the gas duct 16 (exhaust discharge duct). Exhaust gas is emitted into the atmosphere via a filter and / or catalyst in some cases via the exhaust outlet 50.

  The exhaust outlet 41b of the exhaust turbine 41 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 is fluidly connected to the gas duct 15 leading to the exhaust heat exchanger 60 via the gas duct 17 (exhaust exhaust duct).

  Two gas ducts 18a and 18b branch from the gas duct 14 toward the exhaust inlet 41a of the exhaust turbine 41 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40, and a quick closing valve 19a or a motor-driven control valve or control valve 19b is provided there. It is connected. These two gas ducts 18a and 18b merge into one gas duct 18 after the quick closing valve 19a and the control valve or control valve 19b, and the gas duct 18 is connected to the exhaust turbine 41 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40. The exhaust outlet 41 b is opened in the gas duct 17 connected to the gas duct 15 toward the exhaust heat exchanger 60.

  The gas ducts 18 a, 18 b, and 18 are a gas duct 14 that is directed to the exhaust inlet 41 a of the exhaust turbine 41 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40, and a gas duct that is directed to the exhaust heat exchanger 60 through the exhaust outlet 41 b of the exhaust turbine 41 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40. 15 so that the gas ducts 18a, 18b, 18 selectively pass the first exhaust partial stream to the exhaust exhaust pipe and the exhaust outlet 50. One bypass duct that can be supplied to

  The compressors 33, 36, and 39 of the primary exhaust turbocharger device 30 are each provided with gas inlets (not shown), and outside air that has passed through the filter can be sucked from the atmosphere through these gas inlets.

  The compressors 33, 36, and 39 of the primary exhaust turbocharger 30 are further provided with compressed gas outlets (no symbol assignment), and these compressed gas outlets open into one common compressed gas recovery pipe 12a. The compressed gas recovery pipe 12a opens into the air supply air collector 12. The supply air collector 12 is fluidly connected to one gas inlet (not shown) of the internal combustion engine 10 via one compressed gas outlet (not shown) of the supply air collector 12. The compressed gas generated by the compressors 32, 35, and 38 of the turbocharger device 30 can be supplied to the internal combustion engine 10 for combustion.

  The compressor 42 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 is provided with a gas inlet (not shown), and outside air that has passed through the filter can be sucked from the atmosphere through the gas inlet.

  The compressor 42 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 is further provided with a compressed gas outlet 42b. Since the compressed gas outlet 42b is fluidly connected to the gas carpet generator, the compressor 42 of the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 The generated compressed gas can be supplied to the gas carpet generator.

  As a result, the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 constituting the compressed gas providing means is set to use the energy of the exhaust generated by the internal combustion engine 10 for the pressure increase or compression of the gas (outside air in this document). Thus, compressed gas (compressed air in this document) is generated, and the compressed gas can be supplied to the gas carpet generator to form a gas carpet under the hull.

  According to the general concept of the embodiment of FIG. 1, the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 is operated in parallel with the primary exhaust turbochargers 31, 34, 37 of the internal combustion engine 10 to generate compressed air.

  FIG. 2 illustrates a ship propulsion system 1 'for a ship (not shown in its entirety) according to a further embodiment of the present invention. The ship propulsion system 1 ′ corresponds to the ship propulsion system 1 of FIG. 1 except for some differences described below. In the following description regarding the ship propulsion system 1 ′ in FIG. 2, the same members as those in the case of the ship propulsion system 1 in FIG.

  The ship propulsion system 1 'of FIG. 2 shows a particularly simple and low-cost configuration of the present invention or a simplified version of the ship propulsion system 1 of FIG.

  Specifically, in the marine vessel propulsion system 1 ′ shown in FIG. 2, as compared with the marine vessel propulsion system 1 shown in FIG. 1, the secondary exhaust turbocharger 40 having the attached gas ducts 14 and 17 and the gas duct 18a constituting the bypass duct are included. , 18b, 18 are not provided. The exhaust collector 13 comprises only three outlets 13b to 13d according to FIG. 2, and these outlets are connected via gas ducts (exhaust supply ducts, without symbols) to the exhaust turbines 32, 35 of the primary exhaust turbocharger device 30. It is fluidly connected to 38 exhaust inlets 32a, 35a, 38a.

  The supply air collector 12 is provided with one additional compressed gas outlet 12b, which is fluidly connected to the gas carpet generator and is therefore generated by the exhaust turbocharger 30. The compressed gas can be supplied to the gas carpet generator. Although not shown in FIG. 2, a controller for adjusting the volume flow rate can be arranged at the compressed gas outlet 12b.

  As a result, in the embodiment of FIG. 2 of the present invention, the (primary) exhaust turbocharger device 30 constitutes compressed gas providing means together with the respective exhaust turbochargers 31, 35, 37, and the compressed gas providing means is Since the exhaust energy generated by the internal combustion engine 10 is set to be used for pressure increase or compression of the gas (outside air in this document), compressed gas (compressed air in this document) is generated, Compressed gas can be supplied to the gas carpet generator to form a gas carpet under the hull.

  According to the general concept of the embodiment of FIG. 2, the compressed air of the exhaust turbochargers 31, 34, 37 of the internal combustion engine (the main propulsion engine of the ship) 10 is used directly for air lubrication and excessive compression. The air is branched before or after the internal combustion engine 10.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship propulsion system 1 'Ship propulsion system 10 Internal combustion engine 11 Cylinder piston unit 12 Supply air collector 12a Compressed gas recovery pipe 12b Compressed gas discharge port 13 Exhaust collector 13a Discharge port 13b Discharge port 13c Discharge port 13d Discharge port 14 Gas duct 14a Control valve 14b Rapid closing valve 15 Gas duct 16 Gas duct 17 Gas duct 18 Gas duct 18a Gas duct 18b Gas duct 19a Rapid opening valve 19b Control valve 20 Propeller shaft 21 Propeller 30 Exhaust turbocharger device 31 Exhaust turbocharger 32 Exhaust inlet 32b Exhaust inlet 32b Compressor 34 Exhaust turbocharger 35 Exhaust turbine 35a Exhaust inlet 35b Exhaust outlet 36 Compressor 37 Exhaust turbocharger 3 Exhaust turbine 38a exhaust inlet 38b exhaust outlet 39 compressor 40 exhaust turbocharger 41 exhaust turbine 41a exhaust inlet 41b exhaust outlet 42 compressor 42b compressed gas outlet 50 exhaust outlet 60 exhaust heat exchanger

Claims (9)

A ship propulsion system (1, 1 '),
An internal combustion engine (10);
Compressed gas providing means (30, 40) for providing compressed gas;
A gas carpet generating device, and since the gas carpet generating device is connected to the compressed gas providing means (30, 40), the compressed gas prepared by the compressed gas providing means (30, 40) is A ship propulsion system (1, 1 ') that can be supplied to a gas carpet generator and is configured to generate a gas carpet at the bottom of the ship using the compressed gas. In
The compressed gas providing means (30, 40) is connected to the internal combustion engine (10), and the compressed gas providing means (30, 40) is used to generate the compressed gas. Ship propulsion system (1, 1 '), characterized in that it is set to use the energy of the exhaust produced by 10) for increasing the pressure of the gas. A marine vessel propulsion system (1, 1 ') according to claim 1,
The compressed gas providing means (30, 40) is connected to one exhaust turbine (32, 35, 38, 41) and the exhaust turbine (32, 35, 38, 41) for generating compressed gas. The compressor (33, 36, 39, 42) is provided, and one exhaust inlet (32a, 35a, 38a, 41a) of the exhaust turbine (32, 35, 38, 41) is provided in the internal combustion engine. Due to the fluid connection to one exhaust outlet of the engine (10), the exhaust exhausted from the internal combustion engine (10) is used for the rotational drive of the exhaust turbine (32, 35, 38, 41). An exhaust turbine (32, 35, 38, 41) can be supplied, and one compressed gas outlet (42b) of the compressor (33, 36, 39, 42) is connected to the gas carpet generator. The ship propulsion system (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the compressed gas generated by the compressor (33, 36, 39, 42) can be supplied to the gas carpet generator. 1 ').   Ship propulsion system (1, 1 ') according to claim 2, characterized in that the compressor (33, 36, 39, 42) consists of one axial compressor or one centrifugal compressor. ).   The exhaust turbine (32, 35, 38, 41) and the compressor (33, 36, 39, 42) are integrally integrated to form an exhaust turbocharger (31, 34, 37, 40). The ship propulsion system (1, 1 ') according to any one of claims 2 and 3.   Since the compressed gas outlet of the compressor (33, 36, 39) is further connected to one gas inlet of the internal combustion engine (10), the compression generated by the compressor (33, 36, 39) Ship propulsion system (1 ') according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that gas can be supplied to the internal combustion engine (10) for combustion. Ship propulsion system (1) according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the additional one exhaust turbine (32, 35, 38) and the additional one exhaust turbine (32). , 35, 38) in a ship propulsion system (1) with an additional compressor (33, 36, 39) connected in drive to
The internal combustion engine (10) includes an exhaust collector (13) for recovering exhaust gas generated by the internal combustion engine (10), and the exhaust collector (13) is disposed in the exhaust collector (13). Since the exhaust gas recovered in the step is branched into two exhaust partial flows, the first exhaust partial flow can be supplied to the exhaust turbine (41) of the compressed gas providing means (40). Two exhaust partial streams can be supplied to the additional exhaust turbine (32, 35, 38), wherein one compressed gas outlet of the additional compressor (33, 36, 39) is connected to the internal combustion engine (10). ), The compressed gas generated by the additional compressor (33, 36, 39) can be supplied to the internal combustion engine (10) for combustion. Special To, marine propulsion system according to any one of claims 2 to 4 (1).   Ship propulsion system (1) according to claim 6, wherein one exhaust outlet (32b, 35b, 38b) of the additional exhaust turbine (32, 36, 38) is one exhaust discharge duct (15, 16). 17), and is connected to one atmosphere side exhaust outlet (50), and one bypass duct (18a, 18b, 18) is provided, and the bypass duct (18a, 18b, Ship propulsion system (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that a first exhaust partial flow can be selectively supplied to the exhaust discharge duct (15, 16, 17) via 18). .   Ship propulsion system (1, 1 ') according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compressed gas consists of compressed atmosphere.   A ship comprising the ship propulsion system (1, 1 ') according to any one of the preceding claims.