JP2010273458A - Three-phase rotary electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a three-phase rotary electric machine that is assembled easily without any interphase insulation, and restrains degradation in performance. <P>SOLUTION: A U-phase coil 111, a V-phase coil 112, and a W-phase coil 113 of a thee-phase synchronous motor 1 are wound around each of differently wide tooth-like sections 110h-110m by concentrated winding. Narrow tooth-like sections 110b-110g are disposed among respective phase coils wound around the wide tooth-like sections 110h-110m, thus preventing the U-phase coil 111, the V-phase coil 112, and the W-phase coil 113 from abutting mutually, thereby requiring no interphase insulation. Also, concentrated winding simplifies wiring. Further, magnetic flux can be secured by the wide tooth-like sections 110h-110m having tooth width wider than that of the narrow tooth-like sections, thus restraining degradation in performance. Accordingly, assembly can be easily achieved without any interphase insulation, thus restraining degradation in performance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-phase rotating electrical machine.

  Conventionally, as a three-phase rotating electric machine, for example, there is a three-phase distributed winding motor disclosed in Patent Document 1. This three-phase distributed winding motor includes a stator core, a U-phase coil, a V-phase coil, and a W-phase coil. The stator core has 18 teeth protruding in the axial direction. A slot for accommodating the phase coil is formed between the teeth. U-phase coils are accommodated in slots every two slots. Further, the V-phase coil is shifted by one slot from the U-phase coil and is accommodated in the slots every two slots. Further, the W-phase coil is shifted by one slot from the V-phase coil and is accommodated in the slots every two slots.

JP 2008-253037 A

  By the way, in the above-described three-phase distributed winding motor, each phase coil is shifted by one slot and accommodated in every two slots. Therefore, the coil ends of the respective phase coils are arranged in contact with each other in the radial direction. In this case, there is a problem in that the coil ends must be insulated from each other, the configuration becomes complicated, and the assembly cannot be performed easily. On the other hand, the structure which concentrates each phase coil on separate teeth is widely used. Thereby, the coil ends of the respective phase coils are not arranged in contact with each other in the radial direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform interphase insulation at the coil end. However, since phase coils of different phases are accommodated in the same slot and are arranged in contact with each other in the circumferential direction, it is necessary to insulate the phases in the slot. Further, in this case, there is a problem that the performance as a motor is reduced when compared with the same physique and the same winding specification.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a three-phase rotating electrical machine that can be easily assembled without interphase insulation, and that can suppress deterioration in performance.

  Therefore, as a result of intensive research and trial and error to solve this problem, the present inventor has, as a tooth-like part, a first tooth-like part and a minimum tooth width wider than the minimum tooth width of the first tooth-like part. By providing the second tooth-like part and winding the armature phase winding around the second tooth-like part with concentrated winding, it is possible to easily assemble without interphase insulation and to suppress the deterioration of performance. As a result, the present invention has been completed.

  That is, the three-phase rotating electrical machine according to claim 1 includes a rotor having magnetic poles formed on the peripheral surface, an armature core having a plurality of tooth-like portions facing the peripheral surface of the rotor, and an armature core. In a three-phase rotating electrical machine including a first phase winding, a second phase winding, and a third phase winding wound around a tooth-like portion, the rotor has a total number P of magnetic poles formed on the peripheral surface. Is an even number of 4 or more, and the plurality of tooth-like parts are composed of a first tooth-like part and a second tooth-like part whose minimum tooth width is wider than the minimum tooth width of the first tooth-like part. The total number N of the teeth and the second teeth is 3P / 2, the number of the first teeth is equal to the number of the second teeth, and the first teeth and the second teeth are circumferential. Alternatingly arranged in the direction, the first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding are wound by concentrated winding on different second tooth portions, and wound on the first tooth portion. It is characterized by not being turned.

  According to this configuration, the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding are wound by concentrated winding on different second teeth. A 1st tooth-like part will be arrange | positioned between each phase coil | winding wound by the 2nd tooth-like part. Therefore, the U-phase winding, the V-phase winding, and the W-phase winding do not contact each other. Therefore, there is no need to provide interphase insulation. Moreover, it is a concentrated winding and can be easily wound. And since a magnetic flux can be ensured by the 2nd tooth-like part whose tooth | gear width is wider than a 1st tooth-like part, the fall of performance can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to easily assemble without interphase insulation, and to suppress a decrease in performance.

  The three-phase rotating electrical machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that the minimum tooth width of the second tooth portion is 1.5 times or more, more preferably twice or more the minimum tooth width of the first tooth portion. And According to this configuration, it is possible to reliably suppress a decrease in performance.

  The three-phase rotating electrical machine according to claim 3 is characterized in that the rotor has a difference in magnetoresistance of the straight axis and that of the horizontal axis. According to this configuration, reluctance torque can be output. Therefore, it is possible to more reliably suppress the performance degradation.

  The three-phase rotating electrical machine according to claim 4 is mounted on a hybrid vehicle and is used for a device that uses a high voltage exceeding 200V as a power source. According to this configuration, in a three-phase rotating electrical machine that is mounted on a hybrid vehicle and is used in a device that uses a high voltage exceeding 200 V as a power source, it can be easily assembled without interphase insulation, and performance degradation can be suppressed. Can do.

It is the top view which looked at the stator and rotor of the three-phase synchronous motor in this embodiment from the axial direction. It is the plane which looked at the stator and rotor of the conventional 3 phase synchronous motor as a comparative example from the axial direction. 3 is a graph showing an analysis result of output torque with respect to a current phase of the three-phase synchronous motor shown in FIG. 1 and the three-phase synchronous motor shown in FIG. 2 when the same current is passed. It is the top view which looked at the rotor of another form from the axial direction. It is the top view which looked at the rotor of another form from the axial direction.

  Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to embodiments. In the present embodiment, an example in which the three-phase rotating electrical machine according to the present invention is applied to a three-phase synchronous motor that is mounted on a hybrid vehicle and generates torque by flowing a three-phase alternating current is shown.

  First, the configuration of the three-phase synchronous motor will be described with reference to FIG. Here, FIG. 1 is a plan view of the stator and the rotor of the three-phase synchronous motor in the present embodiment as seen from the axial direction.

  A three-phase synchronous motor 1 (three-phase rotating electric machine) shown in FIG. 1 is mounted on a hybrid vehicle and used for a device that uses a high voltage exceeding 200V as a power source. The three-phase synchronous motor 1 is supplied with a three-phase AC voltage and generates a torque when a three-phase AC current flows. The three-phase synchronous motor 1 includes a rotor 10 and a stator 11.

  The rotor 10 is a member that generates torque by interlinking with the magnetic flux generated by the stator 11. The rotor 10 includes a yoke part 100 and magnets 101a to 101.

  The yoke part 100 is a columnar member that constitutes a part of the magnetic path. The yoke portion 100 is configured by laminating silicon steel plates. Eight through holes 100a that are substantially Y-shaped and open in the axial direction are provided on the outer peripheral portion of the yoke portion 100 at an equal angular pitch of 45 degrees (mechanical angle) in the circumferential direction. . The yoke part 110 is fixed to the rotating shaft 12.

  The magnet 101 is a rectangular plate member that generates magnetic flux. The magnet 101 is accommodated in the through hole 100 a of the yoke part 100 and is arranged in a V shape that opens to the outer peripheral side of the yoke part 100. The magnet 101 is magnetized in the plate thickness direction so that different magnetic poles are alternately formed in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral surface of the yoke portion 100.

  As a result, eight magnetic poles are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the yoke portion 100 constituting the rotor 10. The total number P of magnetic poles is 8. In addition, the magnetic resistance of the yoke 100 that constitutes the rotor 10 is different from the magnetic resistance of the horizontal axis at an electrical angle of 90 degrees with respect to the straight axis.

  The stator 11 is a member that generates a rotating magnetic field when a current flows at a predetermined timing. The stator 11 includes an armature core 110, a U-phase winding 111 (first phase winding), a V-phase winding 112 (second phase winding), and a W-phase winding 113 (third phase winding). ).

  The armature core 110 constitutes a part of a magnetic path and is a substantially cylindrical member around which the U-phase winding 111, the V-phase winding 112, and the W-phase winding 113 are wound. The armature core 110 is configured by laminating silicon steel plates. The armature core 110 includes a back yoke portion 110a, narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g (tooth portions, first tooth portions) constituting a plurality of tooth portions, and wide tooth portions 110h to 110m (teeth). And a second tooth-like portion).

  The back yoke part 110a is a cylindrical part. The narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g and the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m protrude in the axial direction from the inner peripheral surface of the back yoke portion 110a and face the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 10 with a predetermined air gap therebetween. It is a rectangular parallelepiped part. The minimum tooth width Ww of the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m is set wider than the minimum tooth width Wn of the narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g. Specifically, the minimum tooth width Wn of the narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g is set to 2 mm, and the minimum tooth width Ww of the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m is set to 13 mm. That is, the minimum tooth width Ww of the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m is set to 6.5 times the minimum tooth width Wn of the narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g. The total number N of the narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g and the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m is set to 12 which is 3P / 2 with respect to the total number P of magnetic poles. Furthermore, the number of the narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g and the number of the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m are equal and both are set to 6. The narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g and the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction at an equiangular pitch of 30 degrees (mechanical angle).

  The U-phase winding 111, the V-phase winding 112, and the W-phase winding 113 are members that generate a rotating magnetic field when a current flows at a predetermined timing. The U-phase winding 111 is wound around the wide tooth portions 110h and 110k by concentrated winding. The V-phase winding 112 is wound around the wide tooth portions 110i and 110l by concentrated winding. The W-phase winding 113 is wound around the wide tooth portions 110j and 110m by concentrated winding. Further, the U-phase winding 111, the V-phase winding 112, and the W-phase winding 113 are not wound around the narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g. The U-phase winding 111, the V-phase winding 112, and the W-phase winding 113 are Y-connected.

  Next, the operation of the three-phase synchronous motor will be described with reference to FIG. In the three-phase synchronous motor shown in FIG. 1, when a three-phase alternating current is passed through the U-phase winding 111, the V-phase winding 112, and the W-phase winding 113 at a predetermined timing, the rotor 10 generates a magnetic flux from the magnet 101. The so-called magnet torque is generated. In addition, so-called reluctance torque is generated due to the difference between the magnetic resistance on the straight axis and the magnetic resistance on the horizontal axis. And the rotating shaft 12 rotates.

  Finally, effects will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a stator and a rotor of a conventional three-phase synchronous motor as a comparative example viewed from the axial direction. FIG. 3 is a graph showing an analysis result of the output torque with respect to the current phase of the three-phase synchronous motor shown in FIG. 1 and the three-phase synchronous motor shown in FIG. 2 when the same current flows.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 10 'of the conventional three-phase synchronous motor 1', which is a comparative example, has the same configuration as the rotor 10 of the three-phase synchronous motor 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. All the teeth 110b 'of the stator 11' have the same shape. The number of the tooth-like portions 110b 'is 48, and they are arranged at an equiangular pitch of 7.5 degrees (mechanical angle) in the circumferential direction. The U-phase winding 111 ′, the V-phase winding 112 ′, and the W-phase winding 113 ′ are accommodated in slots formed between the tooth portions 110 b ′. Each phase winding 111 ′, 112 ′, 113 ′ is shifted by 4 slots and accommodated every 5 slots. The outer diameter of the rotor 10 ′, the outer diameter of the stator 11 ′, the size of the air gap, the total number of turns of the phase windings 111 ′, 112 ′, 113 and the resistance of the phase windings 111 ′, 112 ′, 113 are It is set the same as the three-phase synchronous motor 1 of the present embodiment.

  When a three-phase alternating current is passed through the U-phase winding 111, the V-phase winding 112, and the W-phase winding 113 at a predetermined timing, the three-phase synchronous motors 1, 1 'generate torque. The output torque changes by adjusting the phase of the three-phase alternating current that flows. As shown in FIG. 3, in the conventional three-phase synchronous motor 1 ′, the maximum output torque is 6.64 Nm, whereas in the three-phase synchronous motor 1 of the present embodiment, the maximum output torque is 6.90 Nm. Met.

  According to the present embodiment, the U-phase winding 111, the V-phase winding 112, and the W-phase winding 113 are wound around different wide tooth portions by concentrated winding. Between the respective phase windings 111, 112, and 113 wound around the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m, narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g are arranged. Therefore, the U-phase winding 111, the V-phase winding 112, and the W-phase winding 113 do not contact each other. Therefore, there is no need to provide interphase insulation. Further, each phase winding 111, 112, 113 is a concentrated winding, and can be easily wound. In addition, since the magnetic flux can be secured by the wide tooth-like portions 110h to 110m having a wider tooth width than the narrow-width tooth-like portions 110b to 110g, a decrease in performance can be suppressed. Therefore, in the three-phase synchronous motor 1 used in a device mounted on a hybrid vehicle and using a high voltage exceeding 200V as a power source, the three-phase synchronous motor 1 can be easily assembled without inter-phase insulation, and a decrease in performance can be suppressed.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the minimum tooth width Ww of the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m is set to 6.5 times the minimum tooth width Wn of the narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g. Therefore, a sufficient magnetic flux can be secured, and the performance degradation can be reliably suppressed.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the rotor 10 is set so that the magnetic resistance on the straight axis is different from the magnetic resistance on the horizontal axis. Therefore, a reluctance torque can be output and the fall of performance can be suppressed more reliably.

  In the present embodiment, an example is given in which the minimum tooth width Ww of the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m is set to 6.5 times the minimum tooth width Wn of the narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g. However, it is not limited to this. If the minimum tooth width Ww of the wide-tooth portion is 1.5 times or more, more preferably twice or more the minimum tooth width Wn of the narrow-width tooth portion, the same practical performance as the conventional configuration is ensured. be able to.

  In the present embodiment, the total number P of the magnetic poles is 8, and the total number N of the narrow tooth portions 110b to 110g and the wide tooth portions 110h to 110m is 12. However, the present invention is limited to this. It is not a thing. If the total number P of the magnetic poles is an even number of 4 or more and the total number N of the wide toothed portions and the wide toothed portions is in a relationship of N = 3P / 2 with respect to the total number P of the magnetic poles, the same configuration is adopted. The same effect can be obtained.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, an example using a so-called magnet-embedded rotor 10 in which the magnet 101 is accommodated in the through hole 100a provided in the yoke portion 100 is described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Absent. As shown in FIG. 4, a so-called surface magnet type rotor 20 in which an arc-shaped or cylindrical magnet 201 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the yoke portion 200 may be used. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the magnet 101 is removed from the rotor 10 of FIG. 1, and it has a substantially Y-shaped through-hole 300a penetrating in the axial direction. A rotor 30 with different magnetic resistance may be used.

  In addition, in this embodiment, although the example which applied the three-phase rotary electric machine which concerns on this invention to the synchronous motor is given, it is not restricted to this. You may apply to a generator.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 '... Three-phase synchronous motor (three-phase rotary electric machine) 10, 10', 20, 30 ... Rotor, 100 ... Yoke part, 100a, 300a ... Through-hole, 101, 201 ... magnet, 11, 11 '... stator, 110 ... armature core, 110a ... back yoke part, 110b-110g ... narrow toothed part (toothed part, first part Tooth-shaped portion), 110h to 110m ... Wide tooth-shaped portion (tooth-shaped portion, second tooth-shaped portion), 110b '... Tooth-shaped portion, 111, 111' ... U-phase winding, 112, 112 '... V phase winding, 113, 113' ... W phase winding, 12 ... rotating shaft

Claims (4)

A rotor with magnetic poles formed on the peripheral surface;
An armature core having a plurality of teeth facing the circumferential surface of the rotor;
A first phase winding, a second phase winding and a third phase winding wound around the tooth-like portion of the armature core;
In a three-phase rotating electric machine with
In the rotor, the total number P of magnetic poles formed on the peripheral surface is an even number of 4 or more,
The plurality of tooth-like portions are composed of a first tooth-like portion and a second tooth-like portion whose minimum tooth width is wider than the minimum tooth width of the first tooth-like portion, and the first tooth-like portion and the second tooth-like portion. The total number N of the tooth-like portions is 3P / 2, the number of the first tooth-like portions and the number of the second tooth-like portions are equal, and the first tooth-like portion and the second tooth-like portion are circumferential. Alternately arranged in the direction,
The first phase winding, the second phase winding, and the third phase winding are wound around different second tooth portions by concentrated winding, and are not wound around the first tooth portions. A three-phase rotating electrical machine.   2. The three-phase rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein a minimum tooth width of the second tooth-like portion is 1.5 times or more of a minimum tooth width of the first tooth-like portion.   3. The three-phase rotating electrical machine according to claim 1, wherein the rotor has a difference in magnetoresistance of a straight axis and a magnetoresistance of a horizontal axis.   The three-phase rotating electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the three-phase rotating electric machine is used in a device mounted on a hybrid vehicle and having a high voltage exceeding 200V as a power source.

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