JP2010270913A - Electromagnetic two-step clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small electromagnetic two-step clutch which changes the combined condition of one rotating shaft and the other two rotating shafts electromagnetically. <P>SOLUTION: An inner shaft, an intermediate shaft and an outer shaft are arranged from an center of a rotating shaft. An inside electromagnetic clutch unit is attached between an inner shaft and an intermediate shaft and an outside electromagnetic clutch unit between the intermediate shaft and an outer shaft. The intermediate shaft is shaped to have a large diameter part and a small diameter part on both sides of the radial direction side face. The radial direction face also serves as a friction engaging device where the amateur attached to the inner shaft is absorbed by the electromagnetic power. As for the domain which should form a magnetic circuit, the size is determined so that the cross section area of the domain which the magnetic flux penetrates is almost constant in order to avoid the saturation of magnetic flux. The mechanism, which controls the formation of the magnetic circuits such as a slit, is prepared at the part which should avoid the leak of magnetic flux. Moreover, a discharge pore of the lubricating oil is prepared near the amateur's adsorption face so that the friction force may be secured during engagement. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a two-stage clutch that switches a power transmission state between a plurality of rotating shafts between one rotating shaft and the other two rotating shafts by the action of electromagnetic force.

  There is a clutch as a mechanism for interrupting transmission of power between two rotating shafts. The clutch is applied to various devices. For example, a clutch applied to a vehicle is required to quickly switch the power transmission path during traveling. Further, it is desirable that disconnection and coupling can be controlled by a control signal from the control unit in order to perform appropriate switching according to the running state of the vehicle. An example of a clutch that meets this requirement is a rotation transmission device described in JP-A-10-59011. This rotation transmission device is a clutch that electromagnetically disconnects and couples power transmission between two rotation shafts. A schematic configuration of the rotation transmission device as a prior art will be described.

  FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view of a cross section including a rotation shaft of a conventional rotation transmission device. FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of a cross section orthogonal to the rotation axis of the conventional rotation transmission device. FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the cage is assembled in the conventional rotation transmission device. An apparatus described in JP-A-10-59011 is shown. This rotation transmission device is a two-way clutch that disconnects and couples the outer ring 2 as a driven member and the input shaft 4. In this clutch, as shown in FIG. 27, the inner side of the outer ring 2 is circular, and the input shaft 4 has a shape in which the cross section of the regular octagon is rounded, and each side of the regular octagon has eight cam surfaces. It becomes. This cam surface forms a wedge-shaped space in which both sides in the circumferential direction are narrower with the inner surface of the outer ring 2.

  The input shaft 4 is provided with an annular cage 8 on the outer periphery. Eight pockets are formed in the cage 8 in the circumferential direction, and a roller 10 as an engaging member is incorporated in each pocket 9. The cage 8 is rotatable in the circumferential direction, and the position of the roller 10 is also moved in the circumferential direction as the cage 8 is rotated, as indicated by an arrow in FIG. When the roller 10 is near the center of the cam surface (the state shown in FIG. 27), there is a gap between the roller 10 and the outer ring 2, and the input shaft 4 and the outer ring 2 are not engaged. When the roller 10 moves to the narrow part of the cam surface, it engages with the outer ring 2 and integrates the outer ring 2 and the input shaft 4.

  As shown in FIG. 28, both the cage 8 and the input shaft 4 have a notch 1 in a part in the circumferential direction, and a switch spring 13 that is an elastic member is assembled. In a state where no external force is applied to the cage 8, the elastic force of the switch spring 13 acts in the circumferential direction, and the cage 8 is held so that the roller 10 is in the disengaged position.

  As shown in FIG. 26, an electromagnetic clutch is incorporated between the input shaft 4 and the outer ring 2 in the rotation transmission device. The electromagnetic clutch includes an electromagnet 16 fixed to a case or the like, a rotor 18 fixed to the outer ring 2, and an armature 21. The armature 21 is provided between the rotor 18 and the cage 8, and is not rotatable with respect to the cage 8 and can move in the axial direction. When the electromagnet 16 is energized, the armature 21 is attracted, and the armature 21 and the rotor 18 are coupled by a frictional force. As a result, the cage 8 receives an external force in the rotational direction from the outer ring 2. By this external force, the cage 8 moves in the circumferential direction against the elastic force of the switch spring 13, and moves the roller 10 to the engagement position. Thus, the rotation transmission device engages the input shaft 4 and the outer ring 2.

  When the electromagnet 16 is not energized, a sufficient frictional force does not act between the armature 21 and the rotor 18, so that the cage 8 and the roller 10 are held in the non-engaged position by the elastic force of the switch spring 13. Thus, the rotation transmission device is disengaged. Such a rotation transmission device has an advantage of being able to quickly switch between an engaged state and a non-engaged state by energizing the electromagnet 16.

  On the other hand, as a clutch that selectively transmits power between one rotating shaft and the other two rotating shafts, for example, a two-way two-stage clutch described in JP-A-7-91461 can be cited. This has three power input / output parts, that is, an inner shaft, an outer shaft, and a housing from the rotation shaft center side, and the outer shaft can be selectively coupled to the inner shaft or the housing. Specifically, a roller clutch that can be engaged with the inner shaft is configured using the inner peripheral surface of the outer shaft, and a roller clutch that is engageable with the housing is configured using the outer peripheral surface of the outer shaft.

JP-A-10-59011 JP-A-7-91461

  However, with the conventional clutch introduced above, the operation cannot be controlled by electromagnetic action while selectively transmitting power between one rotating shaft and the other two rotating shafts. It was. Although the rotation transmission device described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-59011 can electromagnetically control cutting and coupling, it can only be applied between two rotating shafts.

  The two-stage clutch described in JP-A-7-91461 is configured to be manually switched, and its operation cannot be controlled by electromagnetic action. Further, the switching mechanism disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-91461 uses two cam surfaces that move relatively in the rotational direction, that is, a fixed wheel and a movable wheel, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 10 uses a single cam surface and a cage. This is fundamentally different from the mechanism described in -59011. Accordingly, it has been difficult to realize a clutch by combining the techniques described in both Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 7-91461 and 10-59011.

  In order to solve such a problem, two sets of electromagnetic clutches are used, and power is selectively transmitted between one rotating shaft and the other two rotating shafts, and the operation is controlled by electromagnetic action. It is preferable to constitute an electromagnetic two-stage clutch that can be used. However, in the electromagnetic two-stage clutch, the magnetic field generated by one of the two electromagnetic clutches may affect the operation of the other. In order to avoid such influence, if the strength of the magnetic field generated in each electromagnetic clutch is reduced, sufficient engagement force cannot be ensured. The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic two-stage clutch that can be engaged with a sufficient engagement force while avoiding the above-described adverse effects caused by a magnetic field.

In order to solve at least a part of the problems described above, the present invention adopts the following configuration.
The first electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present invention is
The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
At least one of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit includes a coil that generates the electromagnetic force, and a field core that is formed of a magnetic material and around which the coil is wound.
The field core is a circular ring having a cross-sectional shape centered on the rotation axis and opened in a direction in which the electromagnetic force is applied, and the other is closed, and an inner diameter side of two side walls constituting a part of the cross-sectional shape The gist of the present invention is that it is thicker than the outer diameter side wall at least on the closed side.

  The electromagnetic two-stage clutch couples and disengages the clutch by electromagnetic force generated when the coil is energized. The maximum torque that can be transmitted at the time of coupling, that is, the engaging force is determined based on the strength of the electromagnetic force. Therefore, in the electromagnetic two-stage clutch, in order to ensure a sufficient engagement force without causing an increase in the size of the coil, a configuration for efficiently applying the electromagnetic force is required. In the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present invention, a coil is wound around a magnetic field core, and a magnetic field is formed along the field core when energized. Since one of the field cores is closed, the magnetic flux can be prevented from leaking to the closed side, and an electromagnetic force can be efficiently applied to the opening side. Moreover, in the field core of the present invention, the inner diameter side wall is thicker than the outer diameter side. Since the field core has an annular shape, if the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side have the same thickness, when the cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis is viewed, the sectional area of the inner diameter side wall is reduced by the smaller radius. Becomes smaller than the cross-sectional area of the side wall on the outer diameter side. When the coil is energized in this state, the magnetic flux is saturated on the inner diameter side wall, and the electromagnetic force generated is suppressed even though the outer diameter side wall has a margin for the magnetic flux to pass therethrough. In the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present invention, by thickening the side wall on the inner diameter side of the field core, the saturation of the magnetic flux generated at the side wall can be alleviated and the electromagnetic force can be applied more efficiently. . Therefore, the clutch engagement force can be increased without increasing the size of the apparatus.

If the side wall on the inner diameter side is made thicker, the effect of alleviating the magnetic flux saturation can be obtained depending on the degree. Preferably, the thickness of the two side walls is at least the cross-sectional area on the inner diameter side on the closed side and the outer side. It is desirable that the cross-sectional area on the radial side be in the same relationship.
By doing so, a magnetic circuit penetrating both of them can be efficiently formed without causing magnetic flux saturation in only one of the inner diameter side wall and the outer diameter side wall.

The configuration in which the wall thickness on the inner diameter side is increased is applicable to electromagnetic two-stage clutches having various configurations.
The intermediate shaft is a shaft having one large diameter and the other small diameter across a radial side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis,
The present invention is highly effective when applied to an electromagnetic two-stage clutch in which the field cores constituting the inner electromagnetic clutch and the outer electromagnetic clutch are both interposed between the narrow diameter portion of the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft. In the case of an electromagnetic two-stage clutch having such a configuration, it is highly necessary to reduce the size of the field core in order to enable storage between the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft, but the configuration of the present invention is applied. Therefore, it is highly effective in that a sufficient electromagnetic force can be applied even if the size is reduced.

The above configuration is, for example,
The field core that forms the inner electromagnetic clutch has a thick portion in the center of the rotation axis that is thicker than the thickness in the vicinity of the opening in the partial area on the closing side,
The narrow diameter portion of the intermediate shaft is formed such that a diameter of a region facing the thick portion of the field core in a radial direction is smaller than a diameter of a region facing the vicinity of the opening of the field core. Can be realized.
The field core is formed into a so-called stepped shape, and the diameter of the small diameter portion of the intermediate shaft is changed accordingly. By doing so, it is possible to realize a configuration that can simultaneously satisfy the requirement for compactly storing the field core and the requirement for increasing the thickness of the side wall on the inner diameter side.

The second electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present invention is
The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
The intermediate shaft is formed of a magnetic material, and one is a large diameter and the other is a small diameter shaft across a radial side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis,
At least one of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit includes an electromagnet that applies the electromagnetic force by forming a magnetic circuit that penetrates the radial side surface,
The radial side surface is provided with a suppression mechanism that suppresses formation of magnetic flux penetrating in the radial direction along the side surface, a radiation side region through which the magnetic flux radiated from the electromagnet penetrates, and a magnetic flux incident on the electromagnet The gist of the present invention is that the incident side region penetrating through has a shape having an equivalent cross-sectional area.
Here, the said suppression mechanism shall be a hole provided in the said radial direction side surface, for example. In addition, a part of the radial side surface may be thinned, or a non-magnetic ring may be embedded in the radial side surface.

  As described above, the electromagnetic two-stage clutch can be reduced in size by adopting the configuration in which the field core is disposed between the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft. A field core may be disposed between the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft. In such a case, the electromagnet causes an electromagnetic force to act on the magnetic flux penetrating the radial side surface of the intermediate shaft. In this case, when a magnetic flux that passes through the inside in the radial direction without exiting from the radial side surface is generated, the magnetic flux acting on the outside is reduced, and the electromagnetic force is weakened. Moreover, if the area of the incident side area | region and radiation | emission side area | region of the magnetic flux which penetrates differs, since magnetic flux saturation will arise in either one, an electromagnetic force will become weak. According to the electromagnetic two-stage clutch configured as described above, the suppression mechanism prevents the magnetic flux passing through the inside of the radial side surface from being formed, and equalizes the areas of the incident side region and the radiation side region. It is possible to avoid magnetic flux saturation in one region. Therefore, the electromagnetic force can be efficiently applied while downsizing the apparatus.

In this way, the electromagnetic two-stage clutch having the same area on the incident side region and the radiation side region is an armature that is attracted to the radial side surface by the electromagnetic force, the armature and the radial direction When the structure is provided with an elastic member for separation separating from the side surface on the side facing the electromagnet across the radial side surface,
The radial side surface is a region where the magnetic flux can substantially penetrate, that is, a region excluding a region where the suppression mechanism and the separating elastic member are provided from a region where the radial side surface faces the amateur. For the above, it is preferable that the radiation side region and the incident side region have a shape that satisfies the same condition. This is because the magnetic flux is formed in a region where the armature and the radial side face are opposed to each other, and the separating elastic member and the suppressing mechanism can hardly form the magnetic flux penetrating the radial side face.

  Although various shapes can be applied to the amateur, it is preferable that the area of the surface adsorbed on the radial side surface has a maximum value among the cross-sectional areas orthogonal to the rotation axis. Is desirable. By doing so, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of magnetic flux saturation inside the amateur on the attracted surface. The amateur is often formed in a disk shape. In such a case, the shape can be easily realized by omitting the chamfering process on the suction side with the radial side surface.

In addition, in an electromagnetic two-stage clutch configured to apply electromagnetic force through the radial side surface, at least a region of the intermediate shaft where the magnetic circuit is formed is subjected to heat treatment in order to efficiently apply electromagnetic force. It is desirable to use a material that has not been applied.
The intermediate shaft is generally formed of a magnetic material such as steel, and is usually subjected to a heat treatment such as quenching in order to improve the strength. However, it is known that through these heat treatments, the penetration of magnetic flux is suppressed. Therefore, the magnetic circuit can be efficiently formed by not performing heat treatment on the region where the magnetic circuit is formed. At the same time, if heat treatment is performed on the region other than the region where the magnetic circuit is formed, the strength of the intermediate shaft can be sufficiently secured and the magnetic flux leaking to these regions can be suppressed. The magnetic circuit can be formed more efficiently. As a method for partially prohibiting heat treatment in this way, a method is known in which a predetermined paint is applied to a place where heat treatment is prohibited and then heat treatment is performed on the entire surface.

  When the heat treatment is partially prohibited in this way, the region can be variously set so that a magnetic circuit can be efficiently formed according to the configuration of the electromagnetic two-stage clutch. It may be a continuous region that includes a directional side surface and reaches a surface facing the field core in the radial direction. As described above, since the magnetic circuit is formed along the field core, the magnetic circuit is efficiently formed by prohibiting heat treatment not only in the radial side surface but also in the region that reaches the surface facing the field core. It becomes possible to form.

The third electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present invention is
The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
An inner coil for generating the electromagnetic force in the inner electromagnetic clutch unit;
An outer coil for generating the electromagnetic force in the outer electromagnetic clutch unit;
A field core formed of a magnetic material and having an inner core around which the inner coil is wound and an outer core around which the outer coil is wound;
The gist of the field core is that it includes a suppression mechanism that suppresses the formation of magnetic flux passing through the inner core and the outer core.

  In the electromagnetic two-stage clutch, it is necessary that the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit operate properly. For example, when one electromagnetic clutch unit is turned on, it is necessary to avoid an inappropriate operation in which the magnetic field generated there affects the other electromagnetic clutch unit and the other electromagnetic clutch is turned on. Such improper operation is induced by the magnetic flux generated by one electromagnetic clutch unit forming a magnetic circuit around the other electromagnetic clutch unit. According to the third electromagnetic clutch unit of the present invention, the formation of the magnetic circuit penetrating both is suppressed by the suppression mechanism provided in the connecting portion between the outer core and the inner core. Therefore, according to the electromagnetic two-stage clutch, the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit can be appropriately operated individually.

Here, for example, in the field core, the suppression mechanism may be a hole provided in a connection portion between the inner core and the outer core. In addition, it is good also as what thins thickness in a part of connection part, and is good also as what embeds the member of a nonmagnetic material in a connection part.
Further, when the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit each include an amateur that is an adsorbent that is adsorbed by the electromagnetic force,
The suppression mechanism may be a non-magnetic ring provided on the intermediate shaft by aligning an axial position with at least one of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit. Since the magnetic circuit that penetrates both the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit is formed in a state of penetrating the amateur, the magnetic circuit can be formed by providing a non-magnetic ring aligned with the amateur. Can be suppressed.

In order to suppress the formation of a magnetic circuit that penetrates both the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit,
In the case where an adapter for fixing the field core to an external fixing member is provided at the connecting portion between the inner core and the outer core, the adapter is preferably formed of a nonmagnetic material. By carrying out like this, it can suppress that the magnetic circuit which penetrates both an inner side electromagnetic clutch unit and an outer side electromagnetic clutch unit through an adapter is formed.

  In the electromagnetic two-stage clutch, the invention has been described above in which the electromagnetic force is effectively applied to ensure the engagement force of the clutch and the appropriate operation without increasing the size of the apparatus. Since the clutch has the effect of engaging the two shafts using friction force at least in part, as a method of solving the problem of increasing the engagement force without increasing the size of the device, the friction force is used. You can also take a way to increase it.

The fourth electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present invention made from such a viewpoint,
The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
At least one of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit is:
A friction engagement surface provided on one of the two shafts to be coupled,
An armature that is non-rotatably connected to the other of the two shafts and is attracted to the frictional engagement surface by the action of electromagnetic force;
An electromagnet that applies electromagnetic force to the amateur,
Further, the present invention is summarized as a clutch unit including a lubricating oil removing mechanism that removes lubricating oil present on the contact surface between the friction engagement surface and the amateur when the electromagnetic force is applied. Generally, since the clutch is a rotating mechanism, lubricating oil is indispensable. However, if such a configuration is applied, the lubricating oil adhering to the friction engagement surface can be removed, so that sufficient frictional force can be secured. The clutch engagement force can be increased.

Various mechanisms can be applied to the lubricant removal mechanism,
For example, as the lubricating oil removing mechanism, a shaft located on the outer periphery of the two shafts may be provided with a discharge hole for discharging lubricating oil attached to the friction engaging surface in the vicinity of the friction engaging surface. Good,
It is good also as a lubricating oil discharge groove | channel extended in the radial direction provided in at least one of the said friction engagement surface or an amateur, and discharging the lubricating oil adhering to the said friction engagement surface by the effect | action of a centrifugal force.

  According to the former aspect, since the discharge hole is provided in the shaft located on the outer peripheral side, the lubricating oil can be discharged to the outside by the action of centrifugal force. In the vicinity of the friction engagement surface, the discharge hole is preferably provided with the friction engagement surface aligned with the position in the axial direction. According to the latter aspect, at the time of engagement, it can be avoided that the lubricating oil intervenes at least between the friction engagement surface and the amateur.

Each electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present invention described above may be configured by a mechanism that adsorbs two shafts to be coupled by the action of electromagnetic force and transmits torque by frictional force between them.
The inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit are:
The biaxial cross-sectional shape to be combined with each other is a shape in which the radial distance between the surfaces facing each other varies depending on the position in the circumferential direction,
A roller having a diameter between a minimum value and a maximum value of the radial interval, and provided between the two shafts;
A cage that is rotatably coupled to one of the two shafts and holds the roller;
A first friction engagement device fixed to the other of the two shafts;
A second frictional engagement device that is non-rotatably connected to the cage and is provided so as to be able to contact and separate from the friction surface by the action of electromagnetic force;
More preferably, the clutch unit includes an electromagnet that applies the electromagnetic force to the second frictional engagement device. That is, it is desirable to apply a roller clutch. The roller clutch is a mechanism that engages the frictional engagement device by the action of electromagnetic force, and moves the position of the roller by the frictional force acting there to engage the two shafts. Since the torque is transmitted through the roller after the roller has moved to the engagement position, there is an advantage that a large torque can be transmitted by a small device. The present invention aims to ensure the engagement force while reducing the size of the apparatus, and therefore can be effectively applied to an electromagnetic two-stage clutch configured by such a mechanism. Note that the first to fourth electromagnetic two-stage clutches described above can also be configured as electromagnetic two-stage clutches having both elements.

It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the electromagnetic type two-stage clutch as an Example. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an inner rotation unit 100. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section of the inner rotating unit 100. FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a BB cross section of the inner rotating unit 100. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an outer rotating unit 300. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of an intermediate rotating unit 200. It is explanatory drawing which shows schematic structure of the electromagnetic type two-stage clutch as a comparative example. It is explanatory drawing which compares and shows the shape of the core of an Example and a comparative example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the result of the magnetic field analysis about core 404A of a comparative example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the result of the magnetic field analysis about the core 404 of an Example. It is explanatory drawing shown about the heat processing of an intermediate shaft. It is explanatory drawing which shows a radial direction side surface, the shape of an amateur, and positional relationship. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the magnetic circuit in the electromagnetic two-stage clutch as a comparative example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the connection part 406 vicinity of the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of a present Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which looked at the core and the connection part from the rotating shaft direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of a magnetic circuit at the time of turning on only an outer side clutch unit in the electromagnetic type 2 step clutch which is not provided with a penetration magnetic flux suppression mechanism. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of a magnetic circuit at the time of turning on only an outer side clutch unit in an electromagnetic two-stage clutch provided with a penetration magnetic flux suppression mechanism. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of a magnetic circuit at the time of turning on only an inner side clutch unit in the electromagnetic type 2 step clutch which is not provided with a penetration magnetic flux suppression mechanism. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of a magnetic circuit at the time of turning on only an inner side clutch unit in an electromagnetic type 2 step clutch provided with a penetration magnetic flux suppression mechanism. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of a magnetic circuit at the time of turning on only an inner side clutch unit in an electromagnetic 2 step clutch provided with the adapter 405 formed with the magnetic body. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of a lubricating oil discharge mechanism. It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the discharge hole provided in the intermediate shaft. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which looked at the amateur 207 from the rotating shaft direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the electromagnetic 2 step | paragraph clutch as a 1st modification. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the electromagnetic 2 step | paragraph clutch as a 2nd modification. It is sectional drawing of the cross section containing the rotating shaft of the rotation transmission apparatus as a prior art. It is sectional drawing of the cross section orthogonal to the rotating shaft of the rotation transmission apparatus as a prior art. It is sectional drawing which shows the assembly | attachment state of a holder | retainer about the rotation transmission apparatus as a prior art.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in the following order based on examples.
A. Overall Configuration B. Configuration of inner rotating part Configuration of outer rotating part D. Configuration of intermediate rotating part E. Operation of electromagnetic two-stage clutch F. Configuration of electromagnetic two-stage clutch as a comparative example:
G. Effects of core shape wall thickness:
H. Effect of intermediate shaft heat treatment:
I. Interaction between the radial side and the amateur:
J. et al. Effects of core and adapter shape and material:
K. Effect of lubricating oil discharge mechanism:
L. Application example of electromagnetic two-stage clutch:
M.M. Variation:

A. overall structure:
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electromagnetic two-stage clutch as an embodiment. The cross-sectional view including the rotation axis is shown. The clutch of this embodiment is composed of three rotating units and one fixed unit. The rotating unit is arranged in order of the inner rotating unit 100, the intermediate rotating unit 200, and the outer rotating unit 300 from the rotating shaft side, and is assembled so as to be relatively rotatable by bearings 501 to 504, respectively. The bearings 501 and 502 are needle roller bearings, and the bearings 503 and 504 are ball bearings. The configuration of each rotating unit will be described in detail later.

  The fixed unit 400 is made of a magnetic material and has cores 402 and 404 that house coils 401 and 403 that form electromagnets. The fixing unit 400 is fixed to a clutch storage case or the like via an adapter 405 with bolts.

B. Configuration of the inner rotating part:
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the inner rotation unit 100. Of the overall configuration of FIG. 1, only the inner rotating part 100 and its surroundings are shown. A portion indicated by a solid line corresponds to the inner rotating unit 100. The power transmission shaft of the inner rotating unit 100 is an inner shaft 101. A cam 102 is fixed to the outer periphery of the inner shaft 101. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an AA cross section of the inner rotating portion 100. As illustrated, the cam 102 has a regular decagonal cross-sectional shape. Since the inner periphery of the intermediate shaft 201 serving as the power transmission shaft of the intermediate rotating part 200 has a circular cross section, the distance between the inner peripheral surface and the outer peripheral surface of the cam 102 is narrow near the apex of the regular decagon, and the center of each side A wide pseudo wedge-shaped space is formed in the vicinity. The cam 102 may be integrally formed with the inner shaft 101.

  A cage 105 and a roller 104 are assembled to the outer periphery of the cam 102 so as to be rotatable in the circumferential direction. As shown in FIG. 3, the cage 105 has 10 pockets in the circumferential direction, and 10 rollers 104 are placed in the pockets of the cage 105. The diameter of the roller 104 is smaller than the maximum value of the distance between the intermediate shaft 201 and the cam 102 and larger than the minimum value. That is, when the roller 104 is near the center of the pseudo-wedge space, a gap is generated between the cam 102, the roller 104, and the intermediate shaft 201, and power cannot be transmitted between the inner shaft 101 and the intermediate shaft 201.

  When the roller moves in the circumferential direction as shown by an arrow in FIG. 3 and comes to the vicinity of both ends WR or WL of the pseudo wedge-shaped space, the cam 102, the roller 104, and the intermediate shaft 201 are integrally engaged, and the inner shaft 101 And the intermediate shaft 201 can transmit power. When the inner shaft 101 rotates to the right, the roller 104 engages at the WR portion, so that power can be transmitted to the intermediate shaft 201. When rotating to the left, the roller 104 is engaged at the WL portion, so that power can be transmitted to the intermediate shaft 201.

  As described above, the clutch of this embodiment can connect / disconnect the inner shaft 101 and the intermediate shaft 201 depending on the position of the roller 104. Next, a mechanism for controlling the position of the roller 104 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, a switch spring 103 is attached to one end of the cage 105 and the cam 102. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the BB cross section of the inner rotating portion 100. The cam 102 and the cage 105 are each provided with a notch, and a switch spring 103 is set there. The switch spring 103 applies an elastic force in a direction indicated by an arrow in FIG. 4 and keeps the cage 105 in the illustrated position, that is, in a neutral state when no external force is applied.

  As shown in FIG. 2, cylindrical protrusions 106 are fixed to the cage 105 at several positions on the same side as the switch spring 103. In addition, a disk-shaped amateur 107 is fitted into the protrusion 106. Since the amateur 107 has the protrusion 106, the amateur 107 rotates integrally with the cage 105. However, the armature 107 is not fixed to the protrusion 106, but is fitted with a slight gap so that it can move in the direction of the rotation axis. The amateur 107 is provided with a separation spring 108, and the armature 107 is biased in a direction away from the radial side surface 210 of the intermediate shaft 201 by the separation spring 108.

  When the coil 403 is energized, the armature 107 is attracted to the radial side surface 210 of the intermediate shaft 201 against the separating spring 108, and both attempt to rotate together. Since the attractive force between the amateur 107 and the radial side surface 210 is sufficiently strong, the cage 105 also moves in the circumferential direction against the elastic force of the switch spring 103. Therefore, the position of the roller 104 moves in the circumferential direction, and the inner shaft 101 and the intermediate shaft 201 are engaged as described above with reference to FIG. As described above, in this embodiment, the cam 102, the roller 104, the cage 105 and the projection 106, the armature 107 and the separation spring 108, the switch spring 103, the coil 403, and the radial side surface 210 constitute an inner clutch unit. The amateur 107 and the radial side surface 210 correspond to the frictional engagement device of the inner clutch unit.

C. Configuration of outer rotating part:
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the outer rotating unit 300. In the schematic configuration of FIG. 1, a portion corresponding to the outer rotating unit 300 is shown. The power transmission shaft of the outer rotating unit 300 is the outer shaft 301. A rotor 302 is fitted to the outer shaft 301 at a portion facing the coil 401. The rotor 302 is made of a magnetic material, has a ring shape, and is fixed so as to rotate integrally with the outer shaft 301. A slight gap is provided between the rotor 302 and the coil 401 so as not to hinder the rotation of the rotor 302. The rotor 302 becomes a friction engagement device of the outer electromagnetic clutch unit. A part of the outer shaft 301 is a sprocket 303 so that the power can be extracted by a chain belt. Note that a non-magnetic ring 302 a is fitted between the outer shaft 301 and the rotor 302 in order to prevent the magnetic flux formed by the coil 401 from escaping to the outer shaft 301 side.

D. Configuration of intermediate rotating part:
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the intermediate rotating unit 200. In the schematic configuration of FIG. 1, the intermediate rotating unit 200 and the vicinity thereof are shown. The power transmission shaft of the intermediate rotating unit 200 is the intermediate shaft 201. The intermediate shaft 201 is made of steel, and has a large-diameter portion and a small-diameter portion with a disk-shaped radial side surface 210 serving as a flange interposed therebetween as shown in the drawing. An outer electromagnetic clutch unit is configured between the outer periphery of the large diameter portion and the outer shaft 301. The configuration of the outer electromagnetic clutch unit is substantially the same as that of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit. A cam 202 is fixed to the outer periphery of the large diameter portion of the intermediate shaft 201. A roller 204 and a holder 205 are assembled together with a switch spring 203 on the outer periphery of the cam 202. The holder 205 is provided with a projection 206, and an amateur 207 is inserted therein. The armature 207 is provided with a separation spring 208 that is biased in a direction to separate from the rotor 302. Each of these elements, the rotor 302, and the coil 401 constitute an outer electromagnetic clutch unit. Since the operation is the same as that of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit, detailed description is omitted here.

  As already described, in the intermediate shaft 201, the cam 202 and the like provided on the outer peripheral surface constitute an outer electromagnetic clutch unit, and at the same time, the inner peripheral surface and the radial side surface 210 constitute an inner electromagnetic clutch unit. When the coil 403 is energized, the intermediate shaft 201 has a long hole 211 and a ring as a mechanism for appropriately forming a magnetic circuit that passes through the radial side surface 210 and the armature 107 provided on the inner shaft and returns to the core 404. 209 is provided. Although the shape of the long hole 211 will be described later, the formation of a magnetic circuit penetrating the radial side surface 210 can be suppressed by providing such a hole in the radial side surface 210. Further, the ring 209 is formed of a non-magnetic material, and by providing such a ring, it is possible to suppress leakage of magnetic flux from the magnetic circuit described above.

E. Electromagnetic two-stage clutch operation:
The operation of the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present embodiment described above will be described. When the coils 401 and 403 are not energized, the outer clutch unit and the inner clutch unit amateurs 207 and 107 are separated from the rotor 302 and the radial side surface 210, respectively, and the inner shaft 101, the intermediate shaft 201, and the outer shaft. 301 are separated from each other. When the coil 401 is energized, the armature 207 is attracted to the rotor 302 and the outer clutch unit is engaged. As a result, the intermediate shaft 201 and the outer shaft 301 are engaged. When the coil 403 is energized, the armature 107 is attracted to the radial side surface 210 and the inner clutch unit is engaged. As a result, the intermediate shaft 201 and the inner shaft 101 are engaged. If both the coils 401 and 403 are energized, both the inner clutch unit and the outer clutch unit are engaged. As a result, the inner shaft 101, the intermediate shaft 201, and the outer shaft 301 all rotate integrally.

  The energization control to the coils 401 and 403 can be realized by various methods. For example, the coils 401 and 403 can be connected to a power source via a relay, and energization can be controlled by turning the relay on and off with a control signal. A switching element such as a transistor or a thyristor may be used instead of the relay.

  According to the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the embodiment described above, the coupling state between the intermediate shaft 201 and the inner shaft 101 and the outer shaft 301 can be quickly switched by energization control of the coils 401 and 403. In order to properly realize such an operation, first, it is necessary that an electromagnetic force capable of sufficiently attracting the amateurs 107 and 207 acts when the coils 401 and 403 are energized. Secondly, when the coil 401 constituting the outer clutch unit is energized, only the corresponding amateur 207 is attracted, and when the coil 403 constituting the inner clutch unit is energized, only the corresponding amateur 107 is attracted. is required. Thirdly, when the amateurs 107 and 207 are attracted, it is necessary that a sufficient frictional force acts to move the rollers. In the present embodiment, these effects are achieved by various configurations. In the following, first, an electromagnetic two-stage clutch having a configuration similar to that of the present embodiment will be shown as a comparative example, and the configuration provided in the present embodiment for achieving the above-described actions will be described by comparison with this.

F. Configuration of electromagnetic two-stage clutch as a comparative example:
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of an electromagnetic two-stage clutch as a comparative example. It is sectional drawing containing a rotating shaft. The configuration of the electromagnetic two-stage clutch as a comparative example is almost the same as the configuration of the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the embodiment, and the operation principle of the clutch is also the same. Here, the difference between the embodiment and the comparative example is here. Only the point will be described.

  First, the thickness of the side wall on the inner diameter side of the cores 404 and 404A is different between the comparative example and the example. It is the thickness of the area | region (alpha) part shown in FIG. The thickness of the core 404 of the example is thicker than the thickness of the core 404A of the comparative example. Second, the heat treatment of the radial side surfaces 210 and 210A is different. Although such a difference does not appear in the drawings, the radial side surface 210A of the comparative example is heat-treated, and the radial side surface 210 of the embodiment is not heat-treated. Third, the shapes of the radial side surfaces 210 and 210A and the amateurs 107 and 107A and the positional relationship between them are different. This difference will be described in detail later. Fourth, the shape of the core connecting portion 406A is different. In the comparative example, the connecting portion 406A is not provided with a slit, but in the embodiment, as will be described later, this portion is provided with a slit. Fifth, the materials of the adapters 405 and 405A are different. Although such a difference does not appear in the drawings, the adapter 405A of the comparative example is made of a magnetic material, and the adapter 405 of the example is made of a non-magnetic material. Sixth, the lubricating oil discharge mechanism is different. This mechanism will be described in detail later.

Due to these differences, the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the embodiment has an advantage that the engaging force is stronger than that of the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the comparative example, and an appropriate operation can be ensured. Hereinafter, each operation will be described individually.

G. Effects of core shape wall thickness:
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing the core shapes of the example and the comparative example in comparison. On the right side of the figure, a cross-sectional view in a plane including the rotation axis of the cores 402 and 404 of the embodiment is shown. On the left side of the figure, a cross-sectional view of the core of the comparative example is shown. In these sectional views, only the upper half of the rotating shaft is shown. In the center of the figure, a front view when viewed from the rotating shaft side is shown.

  As shown in the figure, the core 404 of the embodiment holds the coil 403 with two side walls 413 and 414. The outer diameter side wall 413 has a constant thickness in the axial direction, and the inner diameter side wall 414 is thick near the base. On the other hand, in the core 404A of the comparative example, both the outer diameter side wall 413A and the inner diameter side wall 414A are formed to have a constant thickness, and the thicknesses of both are also equal. The example and the comparative example differ only in the thickness of the inner diameter side sidewalls 414 and 414A, and the other shapes and materials are the same.

  When the coil 403 is energized, as indicated by an arrow in the figure, a magnetic flux is formed that penetrates the inside of the core 404 and enters the outer diameter side wall 413 and radiates from the inner diameter side wall 414. Depending on the direction of the current, a magnetic flux in the opposite direction may be formed. Since the core 404 is formed in an annular shape with the rotation axis as the center, the magnetic flux penetrating the side wall 413 on the outer diameter side passes through the region S1 in the center of the drawing. The magnetic flux passing through the inner side wall 414 passes through the doughnut-shaped region S2 surrounded by the solid line at the base portion. On the other hand, in the case of the comparative example, the magnetic flux penetrating the outer-diameter side wall 413A passes through the flow area S1, but the magnetic flux penetrating the inner-diameter side wall 414A is sandwiched between the solid line and the broken line in the figure. The region S3 will be penetrated.

In general, the density of magnetic flux that can penetrate a magnetic material has an upper limit value according to the type of the magnetic material. When the magnetic flux density reaches this upper limit value, magnetic flux saturation occurs. Therefore, even if the amount of current supplied to the coil 403 is increased, so-called magnetic flux leakage only increases, and a magnetic circuit cannot be formed efficiently.

  In the core 404A of the comparative example, since the side walls 413A and 414A are formed with the same thickness, the area of the region S3 is smaller than the area of the region S3 because the side wall 414A on the inner diameter side has a smaller radius. Therefore, when the power to the coil is increased, magnetic flux saturation occurs at the inner diameter side wall 414A, and the outer diameter side wall 413A increases the electromagnetic force even though the magnetic flux density has a margin. become unable.

  The thickness of the core 404 of the embodiment is set from the viewpoint of avoiding such adverse effects, and the thickness of the base portion of the side wall 414 on the inner diameter side is such that the area of the region S2 through which the magnetic flux penetrates the side wall 414 is the outer diameter side. Is set to be equal to the area of the region S1 through which the magnetic flux passes through the side wall 413. Since the radius is smaller, the inner wall 414 is thicker. By setting in this way, the core 404 of the embodiment can avoid the magnetic flux saturation occurring only in one of the side walls 413 and 414 when the coil 403 is energized, and the magnetic circuit can be formed most efficiently. become able to.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the results of magnetic field analysis for the core 404A of the comparative example. The result of calculating the state of the lines of magnetic force when a predetermined current is passed through the coil by numerical calculation is shown. As shown in the figure, a magnetic circuit that penetrates the side walls 413A and 414A of the core 404A and the intermediate shaft is formed by energization. It can be seen that magnetic flux saturation occurs.

  FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing the results of magnetic field analysis for the core 404 of the example. The state of the lines of magnetic force when the same current as that in the comparative example is applied is shown. As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the magnetic flux density at the base portion (region γ in the figure) is relaxed by increasing the thickness of the side wall 414 on the inner diameter side. As described above, the electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to the present embodiment can efficiently form a magnetic circuit when energized by increasing the thickness of the side wall 414 on the inner diameter side of the core 404, and effectively uses the electromagnetic force. Can act on. Therefore, the engagement force of the clutch can be strengthened.

  The description here is given by taking the inner clutch unit as an example. Similarly, in the outer clutch unit, the thickness of the core is such that the inner side wall is thicker than the outer side wall. It is preferable in forming. In the present embodiment, the thickness of each side wall is set so as to satisfy such conditions.

  Further, in this embodiment, the case where the thickness of the side wall 414 on the inner diameter side is increased only at the base portion is illustrated. When restrictions on the dimensions of the core 404 are loose, the wall thickness may be increased over the entire side wall 414 on the inner diameter side without being limited to the root portion. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, only the base portion is thickened, and the diameter of the intermediate shaft 201 is reduced accordingly. By doing so, the magnetic flux penetrating the side wall 414 can be passed through the intermediate shaft 201, and the apparatus can be downsized without hindering the formation of the magnetic circuit.

  In this embodiment, the wall thickness is set so that the area of the magnetic flux passing through the inner diameter side wall 414 and the area of the outer diameter side wall 413 passing through the magnetic flux are equal. The wall thickness does not necessarily satisfy such a condition. If the wall thickness of the inner diameter side wall 414 is larger than the wall thickness of the outer diameter side wall 413, an effect of relaxing the magnetic flux saturation can be obtained.

H. Effect of intermediate shaft heat treatment:
FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing the heat treatment of the intermediate shaft. As described above, when the coil 403 is energized, the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of this embodiment forms a magnetic circuit that penetrates the armature 107 from the core 404 as shown by the arrow in FIG. Aspirate. In order to apply a sufficient electromagnetic force to the amateur 107, it is necessary to efficiently form a magnetic circuit.

  In this embodiment, in order to efficiently form the magnetic circuit, the intermediate shaft 201 is formed without performing quenching in the portion that becomes the path of the magnetic flux. Specifically, the region not subjected to quenching is a region from the surface facing the core 404 in the radial direction to the radial side surface 210. In the present embodiment, the intermediate shaft 201 is made of steel, and is quenched in order to increase the strength so that a large torque can be transmitted. However, it is generally known that a magnetic material such as steel is difficult to form by quenching. Therefore, the magnetic circuit is formed efficiently by prohibiting quenching of the portion where the magnetic circuit is formed when the coil 403 is energized. As a method for partially prohibiting quenching in this way, a method is known in which a predetermined paint is applied to a region 201a for which quenching is prohibited, and then the entire intermediate shaft 201 is subjected to a quenching process.

I. Interaction between the radial side and the amateur:
In the present embodiment, the shape of the radial side surface 210 and the armature 107 and the positional relationship between them are set so that the magnetic circuit shown in FIG. 11 can be formed more efficiently. The phenomenon of magnetic flux saturation occurring in the core 404 has been described above. For the same reason, also in the magnetic circuit of FIG. 11, in order to efficiently form a magnetic circuit without causing magnetic flux saturation, the area of the region where the magnetic flux radiates from the radial side surface 210 and the area of the incident region It is desirable to keep the areas equal. In the present embodiment, the shape of the radial side surface 210 and the armature 107 and the positional relationship between them are set so as to satisfy such a relationship.

  In order to form the magnetic circuit shown in FIG. 11, it is necessary to radiate magnetic flux from the radial side surface 210 to the armature 107 side. In order to secure such a magnetic flux, it is desirable to suppress the formation of a magnetic circuit that completely penetrates the radial side surface 210. In this embodiment, a slit 211 is provided on the side surface in the radial direction to suppress the formation of such a magnetic circuit. It is also preferable to reduce the thickness of the radial side surface 210 or embed a non-magnetic ring at a position corresponding to the slit 211.

  FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing the radial side surface, the shape of the amateur, and the positional relationship. The right side of FIG. 12 shows a view when the radial side surface 210 is viewed in the direction D in FIG. The left side of FIG. 12 shows a view of the amateur 107 when viewed in the direction C in FIG. In the center of FIG. 12, the radial side surface 210 and the armature 107 in the assembled state are shown.

  As shown on the right side of FIG. 12, the radial side surface 210 is provided with a slit 211 that suppresses the formation of a magnetic circuit along the side surface. Magnetic flux is radiated from the radial side surface 210 toward the armature 107 in the region inside the slit 211, and magnetic flux is incident on the radial side surface 210 in the outer region.

  On the other hand, the amateur 107 has two regions that obstruct the formation of the magnetic circuit. One is a groove 108 a that holds the separation spring 108. In FIG. 12, a region sandwiched between broken circles corresponds to the groove 108a. In this region, a separation spring 108 for embedding the armature 107 away from the radial side surface 210 when an electromagnetic force is not acting is embedded. Therefore, this region has a large distance from the radial side surface 210 and is in a state where it is difficult to contribute to the formation of the magnetic circuit. A second region that obstructs the formation of the magnetic circuit is the slit 106a. The slit 106a is a hole into which a projection 106 that holds the armature 107 so as not to rotate relative to the inner shaft 101 is inserted, and is provided at two locations in the diameter direction. In the amateur 107, the magnetic flux is incident and radiated in a region excluding these two regions.

  In order to efficiently form a magnetic circuit, it is desirable that the incident area of the magnetic flux and the area of the radiation area be equal between the radial side surface 210 and the armature 107. However, even if the position of the slit 211 is determined so that the areas of the incident region and the radiation region are equal on the radial side surface 210, the areas of both regions may be different depending on the positional relationship between the groove 108a and the slit 106a of the armature 107. It may not be equal. In this embodiment, from this point of view, when the radial side surface 210 and the armature 107 are assembled, the shapes of both are set so that the areas of the incident region and the radiating region are equal in the region where the magnetic flux can actually penetrate. And the positional relationship was determined.

  As shown in the center of FIG. 12, when the radial side surface 210 and the amateur 107 are assembled, the region through which the magnetic flux can actually pass is excluded from the area of the radial side surface 210 except for the slit 211, and further, This corresponds to a region excluding the slit 106a and the groove 108a. In order to ensure such a region as wide as possible, it is preferable to match the positions of the slits 211 and 106a. It is also desirable to ensure a sufficient area where the armature 107 and the radial side surface 210 are in contact. In this embodiment, as shown in the area 107a in FIG. 11, the area of contact with the radial side surface 210 is not chamfered by avoiding the chamfering of the armature 107, thereby reducing the contact area between the two.

  When the positions of the slits 211 and 106a are determined in this way, the regions through which the magnetic flux actually passes are three regions A1 to A3 with hatching in the center of FIG. In this embodiment, the position and width of the groove 108a are determined so that the sum of the areas of the two inner regions A2 and A3 and the area of the outer region A1 are equal. Of course, it is possible to set the sum of the areas of the regions A1 and A2 and the area of the region A3 to be equal. Although the case where the groove 108a of the separation spring 108 is inside the slit 106a is illustrated here, the separation spring 108 may be assembled outside the slit 106a.

  In this way, in the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of this embodiment, the magnetic circuit is efficiently formed by making the area of the incident side region and the radiation side region equal to each other in the region where the magnetic flux actually penetrates. Is possible. Of course, the areas of the two do not need to be exactly the same, and may be set to a value close to the range allowed by other design constraints.

J. et al. Effects of core and adapter shape and material:
FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of a magnetic circuit in an electromagnetic two-stage clutch as a comparative example. Here, the state when the coil 401A constituting the outer clutch unit is energized is shown. As already described, when the coil 401A is energized, a magnetic circuit that penetrates the core 402A and the armature 207A is formed, and the armature 207A is attracted. However, since the core 402A, the core 404A, and the connecting portion 406A are integrally formed of a magnetic material, a part of the magnetic circuit that passes through the core 402A passes through the connecting portion 406A, and further, the core 404A and the amateur 107A. A magnetic circuit (magnetic circuit indicated by a broken line in the figure) penetrating through is also formed. When such a magnetic circuit is formed, there is a possibility that the armature 107A of the inner clutch unit is attracted and the inner clutch unit is turned on only by energizing the coil 401A to turn on the outer clutch unit. In addition, the reverse phenomenon may occur when the coil 403A constituting the inner clutch unit is energized. In the present embodiment, magnetic fluxes are prevented from penetrating through both of the cores 402A and 404A by various mechanisms described below (hereinafter referred to as a penetrating magnetic flux suppressing mechanism).

  FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing the structure in the vicinity of the coupling portion 406 of the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of this embodiment. In the present embodiment, a slit 407 is provided in the connecting portion as the first through magnetic flux suppression mechanism. FIG. 15 is an explanatory view of the core and the connecting portion viewed from the direction of the rotation axis. As shown in FIG. 15, as the slit 407, six long holes are provided in the connecting portion. In addition, the connecting portion 406 is provided with six bolt holes 408 for fastening to the adapter 405 with bolts. By providing the slit 407 and the bolt hole 408 in this manner, the region through which the magnetic flux can penetrate is very narrow in the connecting portion 406. Therefore, penetration of magnetic flux can be suppressed.

  In the present embodiment, a non-magnetic ring 409 is provided as the second through magnetic flux suppression mechanism. As shown in FIG. 14, the ring 409 is fixed to the intermediate shaft and is attached to the amateurs 107 and 207 so as to be aligned in the axial direction. As shown by the broken line in FIG. 13, the magnetic flux to be suppressed is a magnetic flux penetrating the amateurs 107 and 207. Therefore, by interposing a non-magnetic ring 409 between the amateurs 107 and 207, both The magnetic flux penetrating between them can be suppressed.

  The effect by two mechanisms mentioned above is shown concretely. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of the magnetic circuit when only the outer clutch unit is turned on in an electromagnetic two-stage clutch not equipped with a through magnetic flux suppression mechanism. It is an analysis result by numerical calculation. As shown in the drawing, a magnetic circuit that penetrates the outer core 402 is formed, and a magnetic flux that penetrates the inner core 404 is also formed. In particular, a large amount of magnetic flux is applied to the side wall 413 on the outer diameter side of the inner core 404. It can be seen that. FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of a magnetic circuit when only the outer clutch unit is turned on in an electromagnetic two-stage clutch provided with a through magnetic flux suppressing mechanism. As shown in the figure, the formation of the magnetic flux penetrating the inner core 404 is suppressed, and it can be seen that the effect of suppressing the magnetic flux penetrating the side wall 413 is particularly significant.

  FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of the magnetic circuit when only the inner clutch unit is turned on in an electromagnetic two-stage clutch not equipped with a through magnetic flux suppression mechanism. As shown in the drawing, it can be seen that a magnetic circuit penetrating the inner core 404 is formed, and a magnetic flux penetrating the inner core 402 is also formed. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of the magnetic circuit when only the inner clutch unit is turned on in the electromagnetic two-stage clutch provided with the through magnetic flux suppression mechanism. As shown in the figure, it can be seen that the formation of magnetic flux penetrating the outer core 402 is suppressed.

  In this embodiment, in order to further suppress the penetration of magnetic flux, the adapter 405 is formed of a nonmagnetic material as a third penetration magnetic flux suppression mechanism. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of the magnetic circuit when only the inner clutch unit is turned on in the electromagnetic two-stage clutch including the adapter 405 formed of a magnetic material. Here, a case where the slit 407 and the non-magnetic ring 409 are not provided is illustrated. As shown in the figure, it can be seen that there is a substantial amount of magnetic flux penetrating the adapter 405 when the magnetic circuit penetrating both the cores 404 and 402 is formed. If the adapter 405 is formed of a nonmagnetic material, the magnetic flux penetrating the adapter 405 can be suppressed, and accordingly, formation of a magnetic circuit penetrating both the cores 402 and 404 can be suppressed. .

  It can be seen that if the three types of penetrating magnetic flux suppression mechanisms described above are provided, the magnetic flux penetrating both the inner clutch unit and the outer clutch unit is suppressed. Therefore, with such a mechanism, when one of the inner clutch unit and the outer clutch unit is turned on, it can be avoided that the other is turned on, and an appropriate operation of the electromagnetic two-stage clutch is ensured. be able to. The three types of through magnetic flux suppression mechanisms described above are not necessarily provided with all three types, and some mechanisms may be selected and used according to the necessity of suppressing the magnetic flux passing through. Absent.

K. Effect of lubricating oil discharge mechanism:
In the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present embodiment, as already described, the amateurs 107 and 207 are attracted to the radial side surface 210 and the rotor 302, respectively, and are engaged by moving the roller by the frictional force acting between them. . Therefore, in order to strengthen the engagement force and stabilize the operation of the clutch, it is necessary to sufficiently secure the magnitude of the friction force. In this embodiment, the electromagnetic force acting on the amateurs 107 and 207 is increased and the frictional force is increased by the various mechanisms described above. In addition to this, in this embodiment, the frictional force is also increased by suppressing the reduction of the friction coefficient on the contact surfaces of the amateurs 107 and 207, the radial side surface 210, and the rotor 302. That is, as shown below, a lubricating oil discharge mechanism is provided to prevent the lubricating oil from adhering to the contact surface.

  FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing the configuration of the lubricating oil discharge mechanism. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present embodiment is supplied with lubricating oil from three locations indicated by arrows in the drawing through a hollow rotating shaft. The supplied lubricating oil is transported in the outer circumferential direction through the gap between the rotating shafts by the centrifugal force during the rotation of the rotating shafts while performing a lubricating action. Here, if a large amount of lubricant oil adheres to the contact surfaces of the amateurs 107 and 207 with the radial side surface 210 and the contact surface of the rotor 302, the friction coefficient at the contact surface decreases, so to avoid this phenomenon The lubricating oil in the vicinity of the amateurs 107 and 207 needs to be discharged efficiently. From this point of view, in the electromagnetic clutch unit of the present embodiment, the lubricating holes are provided on the outer peripheral side in alignment with the positions of the armatures 107 and 207 in the axial direction. A discharge hole 220 is provided in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the armature 107 on the intermediate shaft, and a discharge hole 320 is provided in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the armature 207 on the outer shaft.

  FIG. 22 is an explanatory view showing the state of the discharge hole provided in the intermediate shaft. The state seen in the E direction in FIG. 21 is shown. As already described, the slit 211 is provided on the radial side surface of the intermediate shaft 201. Since it is a view from the E direction, the outer side of the circle indicated by the broken line in the drawing corresponds to the large diameter portion of the intermediate shaft 201. As shown in the figure, six discharge holes 220 are provided around the large diameter portion. The discharge holes 320 provided on the outer shaft are not shown in the figure, but are provided at six locations in the same shape as the discharge holes 220 of the intermediate shaft 201.

  Since the discharge holes 220 and 320 are provided, the lubricating oil flowing in the vicinity of the amateurs 107 and 207 is quickly discharged from the discharge holes 220 and 320 to the outside by the action of centrifugal force. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the amateurs 107 and 207, the radial side surface 210, and the rotor 302 from being adsorbed in a state where the lubricating oil is adhered. With this action, the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present embodiment can avoid a reduction in frictional force on the contact surface. In particular, in the configuration of the present embodiment, in the vicinity of the amateurs 107 and 207, the radial side surface 210 and the rotor 302 act as walls that prevent the lubricating oil from flowing in the rotation axis direction, and the lubricating oil is very likely to accumulate. It is an area. Therefore, the discharge holes 220 and 320 are very effective in that the lubricating oil is prevented from accumulating in such a region.

  In the present embodiment, in addition to the discharge holes 220 and 320, as shown below, the amateurs 107 and 207 are also provided with a lubricating oil discharge mechanism to further suppress the reduction of the frictional force. FIG. 23 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the armature 207 is viewed from the rotation axis direction. The state of the surface on which the amateur 207 is in contact with the rotor 302 is shown. As already explained, the amateur 207 has a donut shape. The slits 206a are holes into which protrusions for holding the armature 207 so as not to rotate relative to the intermediate shaft 201 are inserted, and are provided at two locations in the diameter direction. The groove 208 a is a portion where a separation spring 208 for separating the armature 207 from the rotor 302 is embedded. The amateur 207 is further provided with eight spiral lubricating oil discharge grooves 207 a on the surface in contact with the rotor 302. These only need to be carved to a depth that allows the lubricating oil to be discharged, and in this embodiment, the depth is several mm.

  When the amateur 207 and the rotor 302 are adsorbed, the lubricating oil adhering to the contact surfaces of the amateur 207 and the rotor 302 is discharged from the contact surfaces through these lubricating oil discharge grooves 207a. When the armature 207 rotates in the right direction in FIG. 23, the centrifugal force Fr and the inertia force Ft during rotation act on the lubricating oil in the lubricating oil discharge groove 207a, but the lubricating oil discharge groove 207a. Is engraved in a spiral shape, the groove forming direction is substantially along the resultant direction of the forces Fr and Ft, and the lubricating oil can be discharged quickly. The lubricating oil discharge groove 207a does not necessarily have a spiral shape, and it is sufficient that the lubricating oil discharge groove 207a is cut into a shape extending in the radial direction so that the lubricating oil can be discharged by the action of centrifugal force. Although the illustration of the amateur 107 is omitted, a similar lubricating oil discharge groove is formed on the contact surface side with the radial side surface 210. By providing the lubricating oil discharge grooves in the amateurs 107 and 207 in this way, it is possible to further suppress the reduction in the friction coefficient at the contact surfaces between the amateurs 107 and 207, the radial side surface 210, and the rotor 302. The acting frictional force can be increased.

  According to the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present embodiment described above, firstly, the magnetic flux saturation can be relaxed, and the electromagnetic force can be efficiently applied to the amateurs 107 and 207. Therefore, it is possible to increase the engagement force of the clutch while reducing the size of the device. Second, the magnetic flux penetrating both the outer clutch unit and the inner clutch unit can be suppressed. Therefore, when one clutch unit is turned on, an inappropriate operation of turning on the other clutch unit can be suppressed, and an appropriate operation of the electromagnetic two-stage clutch can be ensured. Thirdly, the lubricating oil in the vicinity of the amateurs 107 and 207 can be properly discharged, and a sufficient frictional force can be applied during adsorption. Therefore, it is possible to increase the engagement force of the clutch while reducing the size of the device.

L. Application example of electromagnetic two-stage clutch:
The electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the embodiment can be applied to various devices that need to switch the coupling state between one rotating shaft and the other two rotating shafts. For example, when applied to a vehicle, the drive shaft can be freely switched. In this case, the engine may be coupled to the intermediate shaft 201, the front axle may be coupled to the inner shaft 101, and the rear axle may be coupled to the outer shaft 301. If the intermediate shaft 201 and the inner shaft 101 are combined, a front wheel drive vehicle is obtained. If the intermediate shaft 201 and the outer shaft 301 are combined, a rear wheel drive vehicle is obtained. If the intermediate shaft 201 is coupled to both the inner shaft 101 and the outer shaft 301, a four-wheel drive vehicle is obtained. Similarly, the present invention can be applied to a hybrid vehicle provided with a motor, an engine, and a power source.

  Thus, the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the present embodiment can be effectively applied to various devices that require switching of the coupling state of two of the three rotary shafts. In the above-described example, application to a vehicle and a hybrid vehicle has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

M.M. Variation:
The present invention can be realized in various configurations in addition to the configurations described in the above embodiments. Hereinafter, a clutch as a modification will be described. FIG. 24 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of an electromagnetic two-stage clutch as a first modification. A schematic configuration is schematically shown. The illustration of details such as amateurs was omitted. In the embodiment (see FIG. 1), the case where a cam or the like is incorporated in the large diameter portion of the intermediate shaft 201 is illustrated. The first modification corresponds to the case where a cam or the like is incorporated in the narrow diameter portion of the intermediate shaft 201.

  As shown in the drawing, the intermediate shaft 201M is similar to the embodiment in that the intermediate shaft 201M is composed of a small diameter portion and a large diameter portion with the radial side surface 210M interposed therebetween. However, unlike the embodiment, the roller 104M and the cage 105M constituting the inner clutch unit are assembled inside the small diameter portion. Two coils 401M and 403M constituting the inner clutch unit and the outer clutch unit are fixed between the large-diameter portion of the intermediate shaft 201M and the inner shaft 101M. Further, in the clutch of the modified example, a roller 204M and a holder 205M constituting an outer clutch unit are assembled on the inner peripheral surface of the outer shaft 301M. Unlike the embodiment, the radial side surface 210M of the intermediate shaft 201M also serves as a friction engagement device of the outer clutch unit. In the inner clutch unit, a ring 110M fixed to the inner shaft 101M acts as a friction engagement device. Even in such a clutch, the intermediate shaft 201M, the inner shaft 101M, and the outer shaft 301M can be coupled and disconnected by energizing the coils 401M and 403M.

  Also in the electromagnetic two-stage clutch having such a configuration, various configurations described in the embodiments can be applied. First, it is possible to apply a configuration in which the saturation of the magnetic flux is reduced by increasing the thickness of the core holding the coils 401M and 403M on the inner diameter side. Second, a configuration in which the heat treatment of the intermediate shaft is partially prohibited can be applied. Thirdly, a configuration in which the magnetic flux incident region and the radiation region are equal can be applied to a region where the magnetic flux can actually penetrate between the radial side surface and the amateur constituting the outer clutch unit. . Fourth, a configuration for avoiding magnetic flux leakage, that is, a configuration for suppressing magnetic flux penetrating around both coils of 401M and 403M can be applied. Fifth, a lubricating oil discharge mechanism can be applied. Therefore, by applying these configurations, even in the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the modified example, it is possible to increase the engagement force of the clutch and to ensure an appropriate operation of the clutch while reducing the size of the device.

  FIG. 25 is an explanatory view showing a configuration of an electromagnetic two-stage clutch as a second modification. A schematic configuration is schematically shown. The second modification is different from the embodiment and the first modification in that the friction engagement devices of both the inner clutch unit and the outer clutch unit are fixed to the intermediate shaft 201N.

  As shown in the figure, the intermediate shaft 201N is composed of a small-diameter portion and a large-diameter portion with the radial side surface 210N interposed therebetween, as in the first modification. The roller 104N and the cage 105N constituting the inner clutch unit are assembled to the inner shaft 101N. The roller 204N and the holder 205N constituting the outer clutch unit are assembled to the outer shaft 301N. Two coils 401N and 403N constituting the inner clutch unit and the outer clutch unit are fixed between the large diameter portion of the intermediate shaft 201N and the inner shaft 101N. The radial side surface 210N of the intermediate shaft 201N also serves as a frictional engagement device for the outer clutch unit. A magnetic ring 110N is fixed to the intermediate shaft 201N on the rotational axis center side of the radial side surface 210N. This ring 110N serves as a friction engagement device of the inner clutch unit. The ring 110N may be integrally formed with the intermediate shaft 201N. The configuration for appropriately applying electromagnetic force while avoiding saturation of magnetic flux and leakage of magnetic flux in the present invention and the configuration for properly discharging lubricating oil are also applied to the electromagnetic two-stage clutch of the second modification. Applicable.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to such embodiment at all, and in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, it can implement with a various form. Of course. In the above embodiment, an example of application to a roller clutch has been shown. However, the present invention is an electromagnetic two-stage clutch provided with two sets of mechanisms for attracting two flat plates by electromagnetic force and engaging the clutch. It is applicable not only to a clutch.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 ... Inner rotating part 101, 101M, 101N ... Inner shaft 102 ... Cam 103 ... Switch spring 104, 104M, 104N ... Roller 105, 105M, 105N ... Cage 106 ... Protrusion 106a ... Slit 107, 107A ... Amateur 108 ... Retraction spring 108a ... groove 110M, 110N ... ring 200 ... intermediate rotating part 201 ... intermediate shaft 201a, 201M, 201N ... intermediate shaft 202 ... cam 203 ... switch spring 204, 204M, 204N ... roller 205, 205M, 205N ... retainer 206 ... projection 206a ... Slit 207, 207A ... Amateur 207a ... Lubricating oil discharge groove 208 ... Separating spring 208a ... Groove 209 ... Ring 210, 210A, 210M, 210N ... Radial side surface 211 ... Slit 220 ... Discharge hole 300 ... Outside rotation 301, 301M, 301N ... outer shaft 302 ... rotor 302a ... ring 303 ... sprocket 320 ... discharge hole 400 ... fixed unit 401, 401A, 401M, 401N ... coil 402, 402A ... core 403, 403A, 403M ... coil 404, 404A ... Core 405, 405A ... Adapter 406, 406A ... Connection part 407 ... Slit 408 ... Bolt hole 409 ... Ring 413, 413A, 414, 414A ... Side wall 501-504 ... Bearing

Claims (18)

The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
At least one of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit includes a coil that generates the electromagnetic force, and a field core that is formed of a magnetic material and around which the coil is wound.
The field core is a circular ring having a cross-sectional shape centered on the rotation axis and opened in a direction in which the electromagnetic force is applied, and the other is closed, and an inner diameter side of two side walls constituting a part of the cross-sectional shape The electromagnetic two-stage clutch has a shape in which the wall thickness is thicker than the wall thickness on the outer diameter side at least on the closed side.   2. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to claim 1, wherein the wall thickness of the two side walls is such that the cross-sectional area on the inner diameter side is equal to the cross-sectional area on the outer diameter side at least on the closed side. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to claim 1,
The intermediate shaft is a shaft having one large diameter and the other small diameter across a radial side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis,
An electromagnetic two-stage clutch in which field cores constituting the inner electromagnetic clutch and the outer electromagnetic clutch are both interposed between a narrow diameter portion of the intermediate shaft and an outer shaft. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to claim 3,
The field core that forms the inner electromagnetic clutch has a thick portion in the center of the rotation axis that is thicker than the thickness in the vicinity of the opening in the partial area on the closing side,
The narrow diameter portion of the intermediate shaft is formed such that a diameter of a region facing the thick portion of the field core in a radial direction is narrower than a diameter of a region facing the vicinity of the opening of the field core. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch. The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
The intermediate shaft is formed of a magnetic material, and one is a large diameter and the other is a small diameter shaft across a radial side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis,
At least one of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit includes an electromagnet that applies the electromagnetic force by forming a magnetic circuit that penetrates the radial side surface,
The radial side surface is provided with a suppression mechanism that suppresses formation of magnetic flux penetrating in the radial direction along the side surface, a radiation side region through which the magnetic flux radiated from the electromagnet penetrates, and a magnetic flux incident on the electromagnet An electromagnetic two-stage clutch having a shape having an equivalent cross-sectional area with respect to an incident side region through which is penetrated.   The electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to claim 5, wherein the suppression mechanism is a hole provided in the radial side surface. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to claim 5,
An arm that is an adsorbent that is attracted to the radial side surface by the electromagnetic force, and a separation elastic member that separates the armature from the radial side surface, opposite to the electromagnet across the radial side surface In preparation for
The radial side surface is an area of the radiation side region and the incident side region with respect to a region excluding the region where the suppression mechanism and the separation elastic member are provided from the region where the radial side surface faces the amateur. Are electromagnetic two-stage clutches that satisfy the same conditions.   The electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to claim 7, wherein the armature has a shape in which an area of a surface attracted to the radial side surface is a maximum value among areas of a cross section orthogonal to the rotation axis. The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
At least one of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit includes an electromagnet that applies the electromagnetic force by forming a magnetic circuit that penetrates the intermediate shaft,
The intermediate shaft is
Formed of magnetic material,
One is a large diameter and the other is a small diameter shaft across a radial side surface orthogonal to the rotation axis,
The radial side surface is provided with a suppression mechanism that suppresses the formation of magnetic flux penetrating in the radial direction along the side surface,
An electromagnetic two-stage clutch, wherein at least a region for forming the magnetic circuit is a shaft made of a material not subjected to heat treatment. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to claim 9,
The region where the heat treatment is not performed is an electromagnetic two-stage clutch which is a continuous region including the radial side surface and reaching a surface facing the field core in the radial direction. The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
An inner coil for generating the electromagnetic force in the inner electromagnetic clutch unit;
An outer coil for generating the electromagnetic force in the outer electromagnetic clutch unit;
A field core formed of a magnetic material and having an inner core around which the inner coil is wound and an outer core around which the outer coil is wound;
The field core is an electromagnetic two-stage clutch provided with a suppression mechanism that suppresses formation of magnetic flux passing through the inner core and the outer core.   The electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to claim 11, wherein the suppression mechanism is a hole provided in a connection portion between the inner core and the outer core in the field core. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to claim 11,
The inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit each include an amateur that is an adsorbent that is adsorbed by the electromagnetic force,
The suppression mechanism is an electromagnetic two-stage clutch that is a non-magnetic ring provided on the intermediate shaft by aligning an axial position with at least one of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit. The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
An inner coil for generating the electromagnetic force in the inner electromagnetic clutch unit;
An outer coil for generating the electromagnetic force in the outer electromagnetic clutch unit;
A field core formed of a magnetic material and having an inner core around which the inner coil is wound and an outer core around which the outer coil is wound;
An adapter for fixing the field core to an external fixing member, attached to the connecting portion of the inner core and the outer core;
The electromagnetic two-stage clutch, wherein the adapter is formed of a non-magnetic material. The inner shaft, the intermediate shaft, the outer shaft, the inner shaft clutch unit that connects and disconnects the intermediate shaft and the inner shaft by the action of electromagnetic force, and the intermediate shaft and the outer shaft that are provided in this order from the rotation shaft center to the outer shaft. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch comprising an outer electromagnetic clutch unit coupled and disconnected by the action of
At least one of the inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit is:
A friction engagement surface provided on one of the two shafts to be coupled,
An armature that is non-rotatably connected to the other of the two shafts and is attracted to the frictional engagement surface by the action of electromagnetic force;
An electromagnet that applies electromagnetic force to the amateur,
Furthermore, the electromagnetic two-stage clutch which is a clutch unit provided with the lubricating oil removal mechanism which removes the lubricating oil interposed in the contact surface of the said friction engagement surface and the armature when the said electromagnetic force is made to act. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch unit according to claim 15,
As the lubricating oil removing mechanism, an electromagnetic type 2 in which a shaft located on the outer periphery of the two shafts is provided with a discharge hole for discharging lubricating oil attached to the friction engaging surface in the vicinity of the friction engaging surface. Step clutch. The electromagnetic two-stage clutch unit according to claim 15,
The lubricating oil removing mechanism is a lubricating oil discharge groove that extends in a radial direction provided on at least one of the friction engagement surface and the armature and discharges the lubricating oil attached to the friction engagement surface by the action of centrifugal force. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch. An electromagnetic two-stage clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 17,
The inner electromagnetic clutch unit and the outer electromagnetic clutch unit are:
The biaxial cross-sectional shape to be combined with each other is a shape in which the radial distance between the surfaces facing each other varies depending on the position in the circumferential direction,
A roller having a diameter between a minimum value and a maximum value of the radial interval, and provided between the two shafts;
A cage that is rotatably coupled to one of the two shafts and holds the roller;
A first friction engagement device fixed to the other of the two shafts;
A second frictional engagement device that is non-rotatably connected to the cage and is provided so as to be able to contact and separate from the friction surface by the action of electromagnetic force;
The electromagnetic two-stage clutch which is a clutch unit provided with the electromagnet which makes the said electromagnetic force act on a said 2nd friction engagement device.

Images