JP2010261264A - Opening structure of structure and structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow an opening and closing plate which opens and closes the opening of a structure to function as an earthquake-proof wall or a damping wall. <P>SOLUTION: When an operation part 802 is operated, a pump device 250 is operated, and a tube 220 is expanded in a state where a shutter 110 provided to the doorway of a warehouse 10 is closed, the end steel plate 290 of each of the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110 is pushed by the pressure of the tube 220, and each slat 120 is fixed to a guide rail 200. Because of this, a pair of rail members 200 transfers shearing force in the horizontal direction from the vertical wall 51 to the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110. Furthermore, the shearing force in the horizontal direction is transferred from the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110 to the pair of rail members 200. Then the shearing force in the horizontal direction is transferred from the rail members 200 to a slab 54. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an opening structure of a structure and a structure to which the opening structure is applied.

  In large-scale commercial facilities, financial institutions, factory buildings, public facilities, general houses, etc., shutters are provided at openings such as windows and doorways for reasons of crime prevention and disaster prevention (fire, wind and rain). Many. As a shutter, a configuration in which slats made of a metal plate material such as steel, stainless steel, and aluminum are connected in a comb shape is known.

  On the other hand, using the difference in the propagation speed of the P wave and S wave of the earthquake motion, let us know that the strong motion will occur several seconds to several tens of seconds before the main motion (S wave) is transmitted and the strong motion due to the earthquake begins. Earthquake early warning has been put into practical use and widely used (see Non-Patent Document 1).

  And it is proposed to improve the earthquake resistance performance of the house by closing the electric shutter provided on the window frame when it is determined that the acceleration is equal to or greater than the threshold value using this earthquake early warning. . (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

“Japan Meteorological Agency HP” [Search May 11, 2009], Internet <URL: http://www.seisvol.kishou.go.jp/eq/EEW/kaisetsu/index.html>

JP 2008-274718 A

  However, in general shutters, each slat moves in the horizontal direction (displaces) to follow the shaking of the earthquake so that it can be opened and closed in the event of an earthquake, and is fixed to the structural member that constitutes the structure. It has not been. That is, the shutter hardly transmits a horizontal shearing force to the structural member, and thus has almost no function as a seismic wall (seismic element). In other words, the shutter is not structured to bear a horizontal shearing force. Therefore, even if the shutter is closed, the seismic performance of the structure is hardly improved.

  In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to allow an opening / closing plate that opens and closes an opening of a structure to function as a seismic wall or a vibration control wall.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, an opening / closing plate that is provided in an opening of a structure and slides in the vertical direction to open and close the opening, and provided on both outer sides in the horizontal direction of the opening / closing plate, the horizontal direction of the opening / closing plate is provided. A pair of guide members that guide both side end portions, the upper end portion is joined to the upper structural member constituting the opening portion, and the lower end portion is joined to the lower structural member constituting the opening portion, and the opening and closing plate is the opening portion Fixing means for fixing both ends of the opening / closing plate in the horizontal direction to the pair of guide members.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, the opening / closing plate is fixed to the guide member by the fixing means in a state where the opening of the structure is closed by the opening / closing plate.

  Therefore, the pair of guide members transmits a horizontal shearing force from the upper structural member (beam, vertical wall, etc.) to the opening / closing plate, and transmits the horizontal shearing force transmitted from the opening / closing plate to the lower structural member (beam or beam). Slab).

  That is, the opening / closing plate bears a shearing force in the horizontal direction, and deformation of the opening of the structure due to disturbance such as an earthquake is suppressed. That is, the opening / closing plate functions as a seismic wall.

  Here, the state where the opening / closing plate closes the opening includes a state where the opening is not completely closed. In other words, even if the opening is partially opened (even if there is a gap), the opening / closing plate is closed as long as the effect of the present invention is obtained.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an opening / closing plate that is provided at an opening of a structure and slides in a lateral direction to open and close the opening, and is provided on both outer sides in the vertical direction of the opening / closing plate. A pair of guide members that guide both end portions, one is joined to the upper structural member constituting the opening, and the other is joined to the lower structural member constituting the opening, and the opening / closing plate closes the opening And a fixing means for fixing both ends of the opening / closing plate in the vertical direction to the pair of guide members.

  In the invention of claim 2, in a state where the opening of the structure is closed by the opening / closing plate, the opening / closing plate is fixed to the guide member so as not to move in the vertical direction and the sliding direction by the fixing means.

  Therefore, the pair of guide members transmits a horizontal shearing force from the upper structural member (beam, vertical wall, etc.) to the opening / closing plate, and transmits the horizontal shearing force transmitted from the opening / closing plate to the lower structural member (beam or beam). Slab etc.).

  That is, the opening / closing plate bears a shearing force in the horizontal direction, and deformation of the opening of the structure due to disturbance such as an earthquake is suppressed. That is, the opening / closing plate functions as a seismic wall.

  Here, the state where the opening / closing plate closes the opening includes a state where the opening is not completely closed. In other words, even if the opening is partially opened (even if there is a gap), the opening / closing plate is closed as long as the effect of the present invention is obtained. For example, an opening structure in which an opening / closing plate is installed in a columnar shape with a large gap with a vertical structural member (such as a column) and joined to transmit a shearing force between the upper structural member and the lower structural member is also available. It is included in the scope of the invention.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the opening / closing plate is composed of a plurality of plates arranged with the direction orthogonal to the sliding direction as the longitudinal direction and arranged side by side in the sliding direction, and is arranged side by side in the sliding direction. And the guide member restricts deformation in the out-of-plane direction of the shutter, and the fixing means connects the plate members constituting the shutter to the guide member, respectively. To fix.

  In the invention of claim 3, the opening / closing plate is a shutter in which the respective plate members are rotatably connected (the shutter is a shutter in which the plate members are connected in an interdigital shape). Therefore, the opening can be closed by winding the shutter. Therefore, for example, the space occupied by the closed shutter (opening / closing plate) is reduced.

  A force is generated in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction at the longitudinal ends of the plate members constituting the shutter due to the moment balance. However, since the fixing means fixes each plate material constituting the shutter to the guide member so as not to move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, rotation in the in-plane direction of each plate member due to a force perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is prevented. Is done.

  Therefore, even if it is the structure which connected the several board | plate material, a shear force is transmitted to the lower structure member from the upper structure member which comprises an opening part.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the guide member has a groove-shaped rail member having an inner opening, and both horizontal end portions or both vertical end portions of the shutter are inserted into the rail member, and the fixing means Fixes both horizontal ends or both vertical ends of each plate member constituting the shutter inserted into the rail member to the rail member.

  In the invention of claim 4, the shutter moves in the vertical direction along the rail member, and the deformation in the out-of-plane direction is restricted.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the fixing means includes a bag body provided on the rail member, and an expansion means for inflating the bag body and pressing each plate member constituting the shutter to fix the sheet member to the rail member. Have.

  In the invention of claim 5, by inflating the bag body provided on the rail member, each plate member constituting the shutter is pressed without fixing a complicated mechanism, and each plate member is fixed to the rail member. In addition, the bag body may be provided over the substantially whole region of the longitudinal direction of a rail member, and may be provided in a part of rail member. Further, by providing the bag body over substantially the entire longitudinal direction of the rail member, for example, without fixing each plate material constituting the shutter with each individual bag body, each plate material constituting the shutter is collectively railed. It is fixed to the member.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the fixing means includes a protruding portion provided on one of the rail member and the plate member constituting the shutter, the rail member, and the plate member constituting the shutter. And an engaging portion that is provided on either one of them and engages with the protruding portion that protrudes.

  According to the invention of claim 6, the protrusion provided on one of the rail member and the plate constituting the shutter is engaged with the engaging portion provided on the other of the rail member and the plate constituting the shutter. By combining, the plate member constituting the shutter is fixed to the rail member.

  The invention according to claim 7 comprises: closing means for closing the opening / closing plate; detection means for detecting the magnitude of an earthquake shake; and control means for controlling the closing means and the fixing means. If it is determined that the earthquake shake detected by the detection means is greater than a predetermined threshold, the closing means is controlled to close the opening / closing plate, and the fixing means is controlled to open the opening / closing plate. The guide member is fixed.

  In the seventh aspect of the invention, when the shaking of the earthquake is larger than a predetermined threshold value, the open / close plate is closed and fixed to the guide member, so that the open / close plate remains open. And the seismic performance of the structure is improved. Moreover, the rigidity of the opening part in a structure becomes large by closing the opening-and-closing plate of the opening part of a structure, and fixing to a guide member.

  Here, when the rigidity of the opening in the structure is increased, the natural period of the structure is moved to the short period side as compared with a state where the opening / closing plate is opened or a state where the opening / closing plate is not fixed. Therefore, when the structure to which the opening structure is applied is installed in an area where damage to a long-period earthquake such as an ocean type earthquake is assumed, the opening / closing plate is closed and fixed to the guide member. By doing so, the natural period of the structure moves to the short period side, and the vibration of the long period earthquake and the resonance with the structure are suppressed or prevented. That is, by closing the opening / closing plate of the opening and fixing the opening / closing plate to the guide member, the seismic performance against long-period shaking in the structure is improved.

  The invention of claim 8 has closing means for closing the opening and closing plate, detection means for detecting the magnitude and prevailing period of an earthquake, and control means for controlling the closing means and the fixing means. The fixing means has a function of releasing the fixing of the opening / closing plate to the guide member, and the control means has an earthquake vibration detected by the detecting means larger than a predetermined threshold, and an earthquake When it is determined that the dominant period of the structure is longer than a predetermined period of the structure, the closing means is controlled to close the openable opening and closing plate and the fixing means to control the opening and closing The plate is fixed to the guide member, the earthquake vibration detected by the detection means is larger than a predetermined threshold value, and the dominant period of the earthquake is a short period equal to or less than the predetermined period period of the structure. When it is determined that there is Releases the fixing of the closing plate in a state where controlling the fixing means is fixed to the guide member.

  In the invention according to claim 8, of the shaking caused by the earthquake, a longer period component than a predetermined period of the structure (for example, an intermediate period between the natural period of the open state and the natural period of the closed state) Is superior to the open state by closing the open / close plate of the opening of the structure and fixing it to the guide member, thereby making the natural period of the structure shorter than the open state. Move to the side. This suppresses or prevents long-period earthquake vibration and resonance with the structure. That is, the seismic performance against long-period shaking in the structure is improved.

  In addition, in the case where the short period component is superior to the predetermined period of the structure among the shaking due to the earthquake, the fixing of the opening / closing plate in the state where the opening is closed and fixed to the guide member is released, By reducing the rigidity of the opening in the structure, the natural period of the structure is moved to the long period side. As a result, the short-period vibration and the resonance with the structure are suppressed or prevented. That is, the seismic performance against short-period shaking in the structure is improved.

  Thus, by changing the natural period of the structure according to the dominant period of the earthquake, the seismic performance of the structure is improved for both long-period earthquakes and short-period earthquakes.

  In the invention of claim 9, a part or all of the opening / closing plate is made of low yield point steel.

  In the invention of claim 9, the low yield point steel constituting a part or all of the opening / closing plate is plastically deformed and absorbs energy by the shearing force borne by the opening / closing plate. That is, the opening / closing plate functions as a damping wall.

  Therefore, compared with the case where the opening / closing plate does not function as a damping wall, the damage of the upper structure part and the lower structure part constituting the opening is reduced. As a result, the earthquake resistance of the structure is improved. Alternatively, when the seismic performance of the structure is set to the same level as when the opening / closing plate does not function as a damping wall, the strength, rigidity, and deformation performance of the upper structure and lower structure are set low (small). be able to.

  The invention of claim 10 is a structure in which the opening structure of any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied to one or a plurality of openings.

  In the invention of claim 10, since the opening / closing plate that opens and closes the opening of the structure functions as a seismic wall or damping wall, the seismic resistance of the structure is compared with the case where the opening / closing plate does not function as a seismic wall or damping wall. Performance is improved.

  In addition, the open / close plate to be opened and the open / close plate to be closed can be freely determined within a range in which the horizontal proof stress of the structure is ensured.

  For example, in order to secure the required retained horizontal strength, it is necessary to use five structural surfaces as seismic walls or vibration control walls among the ten structural surfaces in each direction, and the present invention is applied to 10 structural surfaces. It is possible to ensure the horizontal proof strength of the structure by closing the open / close plate of any five structural surfaces (5 openings) according to the layout.

  Or you may adjust the number of the opening-closing plates (opening part) to close according to the weight of the load stored in a structure (warehouse). In other words, when a load with the same weight as the design floor load is stored (when the load is fully loaded), all the opening and closing plates are closed, and the load weight is half of the design floor load. In this case, the opening / closing plates of half the openings may be closed and the other half of the opening / closing plates may be opened.

  Or, because very expensive luggage is stored, if you want to make the structure's seismic performance higher than usual, close all the opening and closing plates regardless of the weight of the luggage to improve the seismic performance be able to.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the opening / closing plate bears the shearing force in the horizontal direction, the deformation of the opening of the structure due to disturbance such as during an earthquake can be suppressed. As a result, the earthquake resistance of the entire structure can be improved.

  According to invention of Claim 2, since an opening-and-closing board bears the shearing force of a horizontal direction, a deformation | transformation of the opening part of a structure by disturbances, such as at the time of an earthquake, can be suppressed. As a result, the earthquake resistance of the entire structure can be improved.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, a horizontal shearing force can be transmitted from the upper structural member constituting the opening to the lower structural member via the shutter connected with the plate members.

  According to invention of Claim 4, a rail member can guide a shutter and can control a deformation | transformation of the out-of-plane direction of a shutter.

  According to invention of Claim 5, each board | plate material which comprises a shutter can be fixed to a rail member, without providing a complicated mechanism.

  According to invention of Claim 6, each board | plate material which comprises a shutter can be firmly fixed to a rail member.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when the shaking of the earthquake is larger than a predetermined threshold value, the open / close plate is automatically closed and fixed so that the open / close plate is opened. The seismic performance of the structure can be improved as compared to the case.

  According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, by changing the natural period of the structure according to the dominant period of the earthquake, the earthquake resistance of the structure against both long-period earthquakes and short-period earthquakes. Performance can be improved.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the opening / closing plate has a function as a damping wall, compared with the case where the opening / closing plate does not function as a damping wall, the load borne by the upper structure portion and the lower structure portion is reduced. Can be small.

  According to the invention described in claim 10, since the opening / closing plate that opens and closes the opening of the structure functions as a seismic wall or a damping wall, compared to the case where the opening / closing plate does not function as a seismic wall or a damping wall, The seismic performance of the structure can be improved.

It is a perspective view which shows the warehouse provided with the entrance and exit to which the opening part structure which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention was applied. It is a front view including the partial cross section and block diagram of the state where the shutter which opens and closes the entrance and exit to which the opening part structure which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention was applied was closed. It is a side view including the partial cross section and block diagram of the state where the shutter which opens and closes the doorway to which the opening part structure which concerns on 1st embodiment of this invention was applied was closed. The horizontal direction edge part of the slat which comprises a shutter, and the horizontal cross section of a rail member are shown, (A) is a figure of the state where the slat is not being fixed, (B) is a figure of the state where the slat was fixed. It is a front view including the partial cross section and block diagram of the state where the shutter which opens and closes the entrance and exit to which the opening part structure of the 3rd modification of 1st embodiment of this invention was applied was closed. FIG. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4, showing the fixing means of the first modified example, where (A) is a diagram showing a state where the slat is not fixed, and (B) is a diagram showing a state where the slat is fixed. is there. FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 including a partial block diagram, showing a fixing means of a second modified example, (A) is a diagram showing a state in which a slat is not fixed, and (B) is a diagram in which a slat is fixed. FIG. Includes a partial block diagram FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view corresponding to FIG. 4 showing a fixing means of a third modified example, (A) is a diagram in a state where the slat is not fixed, and (B) is a diagram in a state where the slat is fixed. is there. It is a front view corresponding to FIG. 2 including a partial cross section and a block diagram of a state in which a shutter for opening and closing an entrance to which an opening structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention is applied is closed. It is a front view corresponding to FIG. 2 which shows the example which applied this invention to the opening / closing door of 1 sheet structure. It is explanatory drawing explaining the other example of a guide member, (A) is a figure of the state where the opening-and-closing plate is not being fixed, (B) is a figure of the state where the opening-and-closing plate is being fixed.

<First embodiment>
A structure to which the opening structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a warehouse as a structure to which the opening structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, the first floor portion 12 of the warehouse 10 is provided with a plurality of entrances 50 (10 in each embodiment for each wall surface in each direction) for loading and unloading luggage. In addition, loads carried from the first floor portion 12 are loaded and stored on the floors (not shown) of the second floor portion 14 and the third floor portion 16 of the warehouse 10.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal direction (left-right direction) toward the entrance / exit 50 is the X direction and the vertical direction is the Z direction, and as shown in FIG. 3, the front-rear direction orthogonal to the X direction and the Z direction ( The direction from the inside of the doorway 50 to the outside (or from the outside to the inside) is defined as the Y direction. The structure of each doorway 50 is the same.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, each doorway 50 is a frame that is surrounded by a beam 52 and a vertical wall 51, a slab 54, a column 56, or a wall 58 that constitute a structural member of the warehouse 10. . Each doorway 50 can be opened and closed by a shutter 110 that moves in the vertical direction. In FIG. 3, for easy understanding, the slab 54 and the column 56 are illustrated in a longitudinal section along the horizontal direction (X direction).

  As shown in FIG. 1, a door 47 is provided on the wall 58. Therefore, even if all the shutters 110 are closed, it is possible to enter and exit the warehouse 10 through the door 47.

  As shown in FIG. 2, a vertical wall 51 is provided below the beam 52. The shutter 110 that opens and closes the doorway 50 is a take-up shutter 102 that is taken up by a take-up device unit 150 provided on the rear side (back side) of the hanging wall 51. Note that the retractable shutter 102 in this embodiment has a structure that is substantially the same as the existing structure except for a rail member 200 described later.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the shutter 110 includes a plurality of slats 120 that are arranged with the horizontal direction (X direction) as a longitudinal direction and arranged in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the long sides of the slats 120 arranged side by side in the vertical direction are rounded into a tubular shape and engaged with each other so that they are connected in an interdigital manner. In addition, such a structure is the same structure as an existing retractable shutter. Moreover, the connection structure of the slat 120 is an example. Any connecting structure may be used as long as the slats 120 are rotatably connected. Further, the slat 120 does not have to be rotatably connected over 360 °, and has a predetermined angle range, for example, a rotation range (angle range) greater than an angle at which a shutter 110 described later can be wound. It only has to be secured.

  The material of the slat 120 is not particularly limited as long as rigidity (proof strength) that allows the shutter 110 to function as a seismic wall is secured, as will be described later. For example, steel materials, aluminum, stainless steel, ordinary steel (for example, SM490, SS400, etc.) used as a steel plate earthquake-resistant wall are mentioned. Moreover, if the rigidity (proof strength) which can function as a seismic wall is ensured, it may be made of resin or wood.

  The winding device 150 is the same as the existing winding shutter and will be described briefly. As illustrated in FIG. 2, a winding unit 152 that winds up the shutter 110 is provided in the winding device unit 150. The winding unit 152 is driven by the driving unit 154. Further, the winding device unit 150 (drive unit 154) is controlled by a control device 800 (described later). That is, the opening / closing of the shutter 110 is controlled by the control device 800. In addition, the detection apparatus 810 in a figure is demonstrated in a modification.

  As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, groove-like rail members 200 having an inner opening are arranged along the vertical direction at both end portions (both horizontally outside the shutter 110) at the entrance 50. The vertical direction is the longitudinal direction). The upper end portion of the rail member 200 is fixed to the hanging wall 51 (or the beam 52), and the lower end portion is fixed to the slab 54. The horizontal ends of the shutter 110 are inserted into the pair of rail members 200.

  As shown in FIG. 4, end steel plates 290 are provided at the horizontal end portions 120 </ b> A of the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110. The end steel plates 290 are arranged in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the slat 120 in plan view. That is, in the plan view, the end shape of the slat 120 is substantially T-shaped. In the rail member 200, a tube 220 is provided over substantially the entire region in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) of the rail member 200 (see also FIG. 3). The tube 220 is disposed between the end steel plate 290 of each slat 120 and the side surface (groove bottom) 202 of the rail member 200. Although only one side is shown in FIG. 4, the configuration is the same except that the other side is also symmetrical. Further, the tube 220 may have a configuration provided in a part of the rail member 200, for example, a configuration in which a bag is provided for each slat 120 or for each group including a plurality of slats 120.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a pump device 250 connected to the tube 220 is provided on the upper portion of each rail member 200. Then, the pump device 250 inflates the tube 220 as shown in FIG. 4B by injecting a liquid (for example, water) or a gas (for example, air) into the tube 220. Further, by pulling out the liquid or gas from the expanded tube 220, the tube 220 is contracted as shown in FIG. The pump device 150 is connected to the control device 800 and is controlled by the control device 800.

  The control device 800 is connected to an operation unit 802 provided on the pillar 56. Then, the shutter 110 is opened and closed by operating the operation unit 802. Further, the pump device 250 is operated. The control device 800 is configured to always monitor whether the shutter 110 is open or closed.

The electrical system structure of control apparatus 800 according to the present embodiment may be any structure, but an example will be described next.
The control device 800 includes a CPU (central processing unit) that controls the overall operation, a RAM that is used as a work area when the CPU executes various processing programs, a ROM that stores various control programs and various parameters, and various information. Secondary storage devices such as hard disk devices used to store data, keyboards used to input various information, displays used to display various information, and communication with external devices via a network An input / output port to be performed, an input / output I / F (interface) for exchanging various types of information with a connected external device (for example, a detection device 810 described later), and the like are provided. Are electrically connected to each other.

  Therefore, the CPU accesses the RAM, the ROM, and the secondary storage unit, acquires various input information via the keyboard, displays various information on the display, and external devices connected to the network via the input / output port. Communication and various types of information can be exchanged with an external device via the input / output I / F.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the state where the shutter 110 is closed at the entrance 50 (see FIG. 1) of the warehouse 10, the operation unit 802 is operated to operate the pump device 250, and FIG. As shown, when the tube 220 is expanded, the end steel plate 290 of each slat 120 constituting the shutter 110 is pushed by the pressure of the tube 220, and each slat 120 is fixed to the guide rail 200.

  Accordingly, a horizontal shearing force is transmitted from the vertical wall 51 (or the beam 52) to the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110 via the pair of rail members 200. Further, a horizontal shearing force is transmitted from the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110 to the pair of rail members 200. Then, a horizontal shearing force is transmitted from the rail member 200 to the slab 54.

That is, each slat 120 constituting the shutter 110 bears a shearing force in the horizontal direction, and deformation of the opening of the structure due to disturbance such as during an earthquake is suppressed. That is, the shutter 110 functions as a seismic wall.
In addition, since both the outer side edge parts of the shutter 110 are inserted into the rail member 200 that guides the shutter 110 in the vertical direction, the out-of-plane deformation of the shutter 110 is restricted.

Further, a force is generated in the vertical direction (direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) at the horizontal end portion (longitudinal end portion) of each slat 120 constituting the shutter 110 due to the balance of moment. However, since the tube 220 fixes each slat 120 constituting the shutter 110 to the rail member 200 so as not to move in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, the surface of each slat 120 due to a vertical (direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction) force. Inward rotation is prevented.
Therefore, even in the shutter 110 in which a plurality of slats 120 are connected, a shearing force is transmitted from the hanging wall 51 (or beam 52) constituting the entrance / exit 50 to the slab 54 via the shutter 110.

As shown in FIG. 3, the width (short side length) of the slat 120 is the width H, the length in the longitudinal direction (long side length) of the slat 120 is the length L, and the shear applied to the long side of the slat 120. When the force is the shearing force Q and the vertical force generated at the horizontal end of the slat 120 is the vertical force T, the vertical force T is
Q × H = T × L ∴T = Q × (H / L)
Is required.
Note that the total of the vertical force T generated in each slat 120 is transmitted to the rail member 200.

  Further, in the range where the shutter 110 functions as a seismic wall, a gap may be formed between the pillar 56 (or the wall 58) constituting the entrance 50 and the rail member 200 (of course, as in the present embodiment). In addition, there is no need to leave a gap).

  Furthermore, there may be a gap S between the lower end portion 110A of the shutter 110 and the slab 54, in a state where the shutter 110 is closed halfway without being lowered down. Thus, even if the clearance S between the shutter 110 and the slab 54 is open, each slat 120 is fixed to the rail member 200, so that the shutter 110 functions as a seismic wall.

  In addition, by providing the tube 220 over substantially the entire longitudinal direction of the rail member 200 as in this embodiment, the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110 are fixed individually without fixing the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110 individually. The rail member 200 can be fixed. In addition, the shutter 110 can be fixed at an arbitrary position.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the warehouse 10 is configured with 10 planes in each direction (each wall surface). And in order to ensure the possession horizontal proof stress which the warehouse 10 requires, it is supposed that it is necessary to make 5 structural surfaces into a earthquake-resistant wall among 10 structural surfaces.

  In this embodiment, an entrance / exit 50 to which the present invention is applied is provided on each surface of the warehouse 10. Therefore, the warehouse 10 is required by closing and fixing the shutters 110 of any five entry / exit 50 (5 planes) out of 10 entrance / exit 50 (10 planes) to function as a seismic wall. The retained horizontal proof stress can be secured.

  That is, it is possible to freely determine (select) the shutter 110 to be opened and the shutter 110 to be closed and fixed (shutter 110 that functions as a seismic wall) within a range in which the horizontal proof stress of the warehouse 10 is ensured. It is.

  Therefore, for example, according to the type of baggage, the work situation, the position of loading / unloading, etc., consider a layout that can be easily performed, and according to the layout of the examination result, out of 10 entrances 50 (10 planes), The shutters 110 at the five entrances / exits 50 may be opened and the shutters 110 at the remaining five entrances / exits 50 (5 planes) may be closed to function as earthquake-resistant walls.

  Alternatively, the number of shutters 110 to be closed (shutters 110 functioning as earthquake-resistant walls) may be adjusted according to the weight of the luggage stored in the second floor part 14 and the third floor part 16 of the warehouse 10. That is, when the second floor portion 14 and the third floor portion 16 store luggage having the same weight as the design floor load (that is, when the luggage is fully loaded), the shutters 110 of the five entrances 50 are provided. Try to keep it closed. However, in the case of a load weight half the design floor load, the shutters at the three entrances 50 may be closed and fixed, and the shutters 110 at the remaining seven entrances 50 may be opened.

  Alternatively, since very expensive luggage is stored, when it is desired to increase the earthquake resistance of the warehouse 10 more than usual, the shutters 110 of the six or more entrances 50 are provided regardless of securing the weight of the luggage and the horizontal strength. May be closed and fixed to improve seismic performance.

  In general, when a shear wall is damaged by an earthquake, it is difficult to replace only the damaged earthquake wall. However, by using the shutter 110 having a different member configuration as in the present embodiment, only the shutter 110 that functions as an earthquake-resistant wall and is damaged by an earthquake can be easily replaced.

Even when the shutters 110 of all the entrances 50 are closed and fixed, as shown in FIG.
Further, as described above, by making a gap S between the shutter 110 and the slab 54, it is possible to enter and exit through this gap.

Next, a modification of the first embodiment will be described. Note that, in any modification, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
<First modification>
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the control device 800 is connected to the detection device 810. The detection device 810 transmits a signal when detecting a shake (acceleration) larger than a predetermined threshold. When the control device 800 receives the signal from the detection device 810, the control device 800 closes the shutter 110 and controls the pump device 250 to expand the tube 220 as shown in FIG. The slats 120 constituting the are fixed to the rail member 200.

  The detection device 810 may have any device configuration as long as it has a function of detecting a vibration larger than a predetermined threshold and transmitting a signal. For example, the detection apparatus 810 includes a seismometer and a control unit, and the control unit transmits a signal when the control unit determines that the measurement result measured by the seismometer is larger than a predetermined acceleration (threshold value). Etc.

  And in this modification, even if it does not operate the operation part 802, the control apparatus 800 is programmed so that the shutter 110 may be closed and fixed automatically at the time of the occurrence of an earthquake. That is, when the shaking of the earthquake is larger than a predetermined shaking (acceleration), the shutter 110 is automatically closed and fixed, and the shutter 110 functions as a seismic wall.

Next, the operation of the first modification will be described.
When the earthquake shake is greater than a predetermined threshold, a signal is sent from the detection device 810 to the control device 800.
Thereby, the shutters 110 of all the entrances / exits 50 are automatically closed, and the tubes 220 are expanded to fix the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110 to the rail member 200. Therefore, the seismic performance of the warehouse 10 is improved as compared with the state in which the shutter 110 is opened. Further, the shutter 110 at the entrance 50 of the warehouse 10 closes and functions as a seismic wall, whereby the rigidity of the entrance 50 (the frame surrounded by the vertical wall 51, the slab 54, and the column 56 (or the wall 58)) is increased.

  Note that the shutter 110 which is not fixed even in the closed state does not function as a seismic wall. Therefore, when the earthquake shake is larger than a predetermined threshold, the shutter 110 is fixed to the rail member 200 and functions as a seismic wall.

  Further, when there is a person under and near the shutter 110, the shutter 110 may be controlled not to close. For example, the presence or absence of a person under and near the shutter 110 is detected by a confirmation device such as a human sensor using infrared rays, and the shutter 110 is automatically closed only when it is detected that there is no person. It may be.

  Furthermore, it may be equipped with a risk prevention device that is required to be installed on a fireproof / flameproof shutter according to the revision of the Building Standard Law Enforcement Order (enforced December 1, 2005). The danger prevention device is a device that automatically stops when a person or the like touches the lower end portion 110 </ b> A of the shutter 1110.

  As shown in FIG. 2, when there is a gap S between the shutter 110 and the slab 54, it is possible to prevent people from being caught in the shutter 110 and to enter and leave the gap S. In addition, as shown in FIG.

  In addition, the detection device 810 may transmit a signal using the earthquake early warning before the main motion (S wave) is transmitted and strong shaking due to the earthquake starts. Thus, by closing the shutter 110 before the strong shaking due to the earthquake starts, the earthquake resistance performance is improved more effectively than when the shutter 110 is closed after the strong shaking occurs.

<Second modification>
Next, a second modification of the present embodiment will be described.
In this modification, the detection device 810 can detect the magnitude of the earthquake shake and the dominant period. Then, the control device 800 determines that the magnitude of the vibration (acceleration) detected by the detection device 810 is larger than a predetermined threshold value stored in the storage means (ROM or hard disk), and has a dominant period of earthquake vibration. Is determined to be longer than a reference cycle (details will be described later) of the warehouse 10 that is determined in advance and stored in the storage means, the opened shutter 110 is closed, the tube 220 is expanded, and the shutter is expanded. Each slat 120 which comprises 110 is fixed to the rail member 200 (refer FIG. 4 (B)). In other words, when the shaking of the earthquake is larger than the threshold value and the long period component is superior to the predetermined reference cycle of the warehouse 10 in the shaking caused by the earthquake, the shutter 110 in the opened state is closed, Each slat 120 is fixed to the rail member 200. In addition, the shutter 110 which is not fixed even if it is already closed is fixed.

Thereby, the rigidity of the entrance / exit 50 becomes larger than the state where the shutter 110 is opened or the shutter is not fixed, and the natural period of the warehouse 10 moves to the short period side.
Therefore, the resonance of the warehouse 10 and the tremor of the earthquake having a long dominant period is suppressed or prevented. That is, the seismic performance against long-period earthquake shaking is improved.

In addition, the control device 800 has a magnitude of the shaking detected by the detecting device 810 larger than a threshold value that is determined in advance and stored in the storage means, and a dominant period of earthquake shaking is determined in advance and stored in the storage means. If it is determined that the cycle is shorter than the reference cycle of the warehouse 10, the slats 120 constituting the shutter 110 are closed and fixed to the rail member 200 (FIG. 4B). (See FIG. 4), the tube 220 is contracted as shown in FIG. In other words, when the shaking (acceleration) of the earthquake is larger than the threshold and the short-cycle component is superior to the predetermined period of the warehouse 10 among the shakings of the earthquake, the shutter 110 in the closed state is closed. The fixation of each slat 120 to the rail member 200 is released. Thereby, the rigidity of the entrance / exit 50 becomes smaller than the state in which each slat 120 of the shutter 110 is fixed to the rail member 200, and the natural period of the warehouse 10 moves to the short period side.
Therefore, the resonance between the tremor of the earthquake having the short period of predominance and the warehouse 10 is suppressed or prevented. That is, the seismic performance against short-period earthquake shaking is improved.

  In this way, by changing the natural period of the warehouse 10 according to the dominant period of the earthquake, the seismic performance of the warehouse 10 is improved for both long-period earthquakes and short-period earthquakes.

  Instead of releasing all the shutters 110, the shutters 110 may be released within a range in which the retained horizontal proof stress is ensured. For example, among the ten entrances / exits 50, even if the five shutters 110 are not fixed, the fixing of the shutters 110 at the five entrances / exits 50 is released if the retained horizontal strength is secured. . Or, even if the seven shutters 110 are not fixed, the shutters 110 at the seven entrances 50 are fixed if the retained horizontal proof stress is secured.

Next, a predetermined reference period (hereinafter referred to as “reference period”) of the warehouse 10 stored in the control device 800 will be described.
As for the reference period, the shutters 110 of all the entrances 50 are closed and fixed, and the natural period (shortest period) of the warehouse 10 in a state where the shutters 110 function as earthquake-resistant walls, and the shutters 110 of all the entrances 50 are fixed. It is set in a cycle between the natural cycle (the longest cycle) of the warehouse 10 in a state where it is not.

  For example, an intermediate period between the natural period of the warehouse 10 in which the shutters 110 of all the entrances 50 are closed and fixed and the natural period of the warehouse 10 in which the shutters 110 of all the entrances 50 are not fixed is used as a reference. It is good also as a period.

  Alternatively, the reference period is such that the shutters 110 of all the entrances 50 are closed and fixed, and the shutters of the entrances 50 are within a range in which the natural period of the warehouse 10 in a state where the shutters 110 function as earthquake-resistant walls and the retained horizontal proof stress are secured. An intermediate period between the natural period of the warehouse 10 in a state where 110 is not fixed may be set as the reference period.

  Further, as the detection device 810, an emergency earthquake warning may be used, and before the main motion (S wave) is transmitted and strong shaking due to the earthquake starts, the shutter 110 may be closed and fixed or released. As described above, by closing and fixing or releasing the shutter 110 before the strong shaking due to the earthquake starts, the shutter 110 is more effectively quake-resistant than when the shutter 110 is closed and fixed or released after the strong shaking occurs. Performance is improved. In this case, information is input to the control device 800 via the network.

  In addition, as the method of measuring the magnitude of long-period earthquake shaking and the method of measuring the dominant period, the methods that have been put into practical use and researched at present can be applied or applied.

For example, the observed ground motion strength regression analysis to the resulting attenuation relation long period ground motions in applications technology, i.e., focusing on the speed response amount R _pv of predominant period as the amplitude level of the long-period ground motion, the speed It is possible to apply or apply a technique for predicting the response amount R _pv using the magnitude, the epicenter distance, and the apparent incident angle as parameters (Kikuhisa Kobayashi (Takenaka Corporation)). Study ", Summary of Academic Lectures of the Architectural Institute of Japan (Kyushu), August 2007, p.371-372).

  Note that the control device 800 may perform measurement and determination based on information from the earthquake early warning or the like, or a seismometer is installed in the warehouse 10 and the control device 800 is based on information from the seismometer. May make measurements and judgments. Alternatively, the detection apparatus 810 and the control apparatus 800 may be integrated. Alternatively, a device configuration in which some functions of the detection device 810 are incorporated in the control device 800 may be used. In short, it is only necessary to have detection means for detecting the magnitude (acceleration) of the earthquake and the dominant period, and control means that can make the above-described determination based on the detection result.

<Third modification>
The opening structure of the third modification will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 5, for easy understanding, the slab 54 and the column 57 are illustrated in a longitudinal section along the horizontal direction (X direction).
The entrance / exit 55 to which the opening structure of the third modified example is applied has a horizontal width approximately twice that of the entrance / exit 50 (see FIG. 2) of the first embodiment. That is, the distance between the columns 57 is set to be approximately twice that between the columns 56 (see FIG. 2). Therefore, the two shutters 110 are arranged in the horizontal direction at one entrance / exit 55 (opening).

  For each shutter 110, a pair of rail members 200 are arranged along the vertical direction at both end portions of the shutter 110. Further, a pump device 250 is provided for each rail member 200. As in the first embodiment, a horizontal shearing force is transmitted from the beam 52 to the slab 54 via the two shutters 110.

  In the first modification shown in FIG. 5, the single entrance / exit 55 is opened and closed by the two shutters 110. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A structure in which one doorway (opening) is opened and closed by three or more shutters 110 (opening and closing plates) may be used. Also in the modified examples and embodiments described below, a structure in which one opening is opened and closed by two or more opening and closing plates may be used.

<Modification of fixing means>
The fixing means for fixing each slat 120 constituting the shutter 110 to the rail member 200 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. You may fix each slat 120 which comprises the shutter 110 to the rail member 200 with another structure and method. Therefore, another example of the fixing means will be described next. Note that the configuration other than the fixing means and the control at the time of an earthquake are the same as those in the embodiment including the modification described so far, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

<First modification of fixing means>
A first modification of the fixing means will be described with reference to FIG.
In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the tube 220 is disposed between the end steel plate 290 of the slat 120 and the side surface portion (groove bottom portion) 202 of the rail member 200.

  On the other hand, in this modification, as shown in FIG. 6A, the tube 230 is disposed along the side surface portion 202 and the side surface portion 204 of the rail member 200 (the tube 230 has a U-shaped cross section). ). The tube 230 is expanded (FIG. 4B) and contracted (FIG. 4A) by the pump device 250 (see FIGS. 2 and 3).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 6B, when the tube 230 is expanded, the tube 230 is pressed and fixed to the rail member 200 so as to wrap the entire end portion 120A inserted into the rail member 200 in the slat 120.

The operation of this modification will be described.
Since the tube 230 is pressed to wrap the entire end portion 120A of the slat 120 and is fixed to the rail member 200, the slat 120 can be fixed to the rail member 200 more firmly than when the tube 230 is not wrapped. Therefore, the horizontal shearing force is more reliably transmitted between the slat 120 and the rail member 20.

<Second modification of fixing means>
Next, a second modification of the fixing means will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, projecting devices 300 that project and retract the projecting pins 302 are provided on both side surface portions 204 of the rail member 200, respectively. Note that holes are formed in the side surface portions 204 for the protruding pins 302 to protrude. Further, a plurality of protruding devices 300 are provided side by side in the vertical direction corresponding to each slat 120 in a state where the shutter 110 is closed (the protruding device 300 is provided for each slat 120). The protruding device 300 is controlled by the control device 800.

  The end steel plate 292 of the slat 120 is formed with a flange portion 294 arranged in parallel with the side surface portion 204. That is, the end steel plate 292 is formed in an H shape in a plan view (a horizontal H shape in FIG. 7). An engagement hole 296 into which the protruding pin 302 of the protruding device 300 is inserted and engaged is formed in the flange portion 294 of the end steel plate 292 of each slat 120.

Next, the operation of this modification will be described.
As shown in FIG. 7B, the protrusion pin 302 of the protrusion device 300 protrudes and is inserted into and engaged with the engagement hole 296 of the flange portion 294 of the end steel plate 292 of each slat 120 constituting the shutter 110. Each slat 120 is fixed to the rail member 200. Therefore, the slat 120 can be firmly fixed to the rail member 200. Therefore, the horizontal shearing force is more reliably transmitted between the slat 120 and the rail member 20.

  In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, the protrusion pin protrudes from each slat 120 side which comprises the shutter 110, and the engagement hole which a protrusion pin engages in the rail member 200 side may be formed.

<Third Modification of Fixing Means>
Next, a third modification of the fixing means will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, the bottom plate portion 290 of the end steel plate 292 of the slat 120 is provided with an engagement pin 299 protruding outward (in this embodiment, two engagement pins 299 are provided). ing).

  An engaging device 400 for projecting a cylindrical projecting member 404 is provided on the side surface portion 202 of the rail member 200. The projecting member 404 is formed with an engagement hole 406 into which the engagement pin 299 is inserted and engaged. Note that a hole 201 for projecting the projecting member 404 is formed in the side surface portion 202. Further, the engaging device 400 is provided with a drive unit 402 for projecting and retracting the projecting member 404.

  Note that a plurality of engaging devices 400 are provided side by side in the vertical direction corresponding to each slat 120 when the shutter 110 is closed (the engaging device is provided for each slat 120). The engagement device 400 is controlled by the control device 800.

The operation of this modification will be described.
As shown in FIG. 8B, the protruding member 404 protrudes and is inserted into and engaged with the engaging pin 299 of the end steel plate 292 of each slat 120 constituting the shutter 110, and the bottom plate portion 290 of the end steel plate 292. Press. Thereby, each slat 120 is firmly fixed to the rail member 200. Therefore, the horizontal shearing force is more reliably transmitted between the slat 120 and the rail member 20.

  In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, an engaging part protrudes from each slat 120 side which comprises the shutter 110, and the engaging pin may be provided in the rail member 200 side.

<Second embodiment>
A structure to which the opening structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as 1st embodiment, and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.
The opening structure of the second embodiment is a structure in which the opening structure of the first embodiment is rotated by 90 ° and the rail member 200 is fixed to the beam 52 and the slab 54.
That is, a groove-like rail member 200 having an opening on the lower side is fixed to the beam 52 at the entrance 50 along the horizontal direction. A groove-like rail member 200 having an upper opening is fixed to the slab 54 at the entrance 50 along the horizontal direction. The rail member 200 may be embedded in the beam 52 and the slab 54.

  And the vertical direction edge part (corresponding to the horizontal direction edge part in the first embodiment) of the shutter 110 is inserted into the pair of rail members 200. Therefore, the shutter 110 opens and closes in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). In addition, the winding apparatus part 150 is arrange | positioned at the back side of the pillar 56 or the wall 58 (FIG. 1). In addition, since the rail member 200, the shutter 110, and the winding device part 150 are the same structures as 1st embodiment, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The fixing means for fixing each slat 120 constituting the shutter 110 to the rail member 200 is the same as that of the first embodiment including the modification. Moreover, the control method at the time of an earthquake is the same as that of 1st embodiment.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.
The upper rail member 200 transmits a shearing force in the horizontal direction from the beam 52 to each slat 120 constituting the shutter 110. The lower rail member 200 transmits the horizontal shearing force transmitted from each slat 120 to the slab 54.
That is, the shutter 110 bears a shearing force in the horizontal direction, and deformation of the entrance / exit 50 of the structure due to a disturbance such as an earthquake is suppressed. That is, the shutter 110 functions as a seismic wall.

As in the first embodiment, there is a clearance S between the column 56 and the shutter 110 being partially closed, that is, between the horizontal end 110A of the shutter 110 (corresponding to the lower end 110A of the first embodiment) and the column 56. May be. Thus, even if there is a gap S between the shutter 110 and the column 56, each slat 120 is fixed to the rail member 200, so that the shutter 110 functions as a seismic wall.
Further, by making a gap S between the shutter 110 and the pillar 56, it is possible to enter and exit from the gap S. Further, it is possible to prevent a person from being sandwiched between the shutter 110 and the pillar 56.

<Others>
As shown in FIG. 1, although 1st embodiment-3rd embodiment applied to the entrance / exit 50 of the 1st floor part 12 of the warehouse 10, it is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can be applied to a shutter (not shown in FIG. 1) for opening and closing the windows 40 of the second floor portion 14 and the third floor portion 16 of the warehouse 10.
Although not shown, the present invention can also be applied to windows and entrances of general buildings and windows and entrances of large-scale commercial facilities. Further, the present invention can be applied to a shutter having a configuration other than the winding shutter, for example, an oversliding shutter. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to a show window shutter. In the case of a show window, a person is not caught even if the shutter is automatically closed in the event of an earthquake, so no measures are taken to prevent people from being caught. The present invention can also be applied to a shutter applied to a window of a detached house.

  In other words, it is a frame surrounded by openings such as windows and structural members such as columns, beams, slabs, and hanging walls (not only between beams, but also between floor slabs and floor slabs, between beams and slabs, between suspended walls and slabs, etc. The present invention can be applied to the entire opening of the structure. The present invention can also be applied to an opening surrounded by a structural member inside a structure. In other words, the opening is defined as a place surrounded by structural members constituting the structure and having no earthquake-resistant wall. Note that the above-described show window is covered with glass and is not opened, but glass does not function as a seismic wall and is included in the opening to which the present invention can be applied.

Moreover, in 1st embodiment-3rd embodiment, although the opening part (window and the entrance / exit) was opened and closed with the shutter with which the several slat (plate | board material) was connected to the interdigital shape, it is not limited to this. The present invention can also be applied to an opening / closing plate composed of a single plate.
That is, the present invention can be applied to all plate-like members that open and close by moving the opening of the structure in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction.

For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the present invention can also be applied to a configuration in which a single opening / closing door 710 slides up and down. Although illustration is omitted, the present invention can also be applied to a configuration in which the single door 710 slides in the left-right direction.
In addition, the fixing means similar to 1st embodiment including a modification can be applied to the method of fixing to the door 710 and the rail member 200. FIG.

  In addition, the material of the opening / closing door 710 is not limited as long as the opening / closing door 710 has sufficient rigidity (proof strength) so that the opening / closing door 710 can function as a seismic wall. Similar to the shutter 1100, steel, aluminum, stainless steel, ordinary steel (for example, SM490, SS400, etc.) used as a steel plate earthquake-resistant wall can be used. Moreover, if the rigidity (proof strength) which can function as a seismic wall is ensured, it may be made of resin or wood.

<Damping wall>
Both the shutter 110 and the opening / closing door 710 (opening / closing plate) described so far function as earthquake-resistant walls. However, by constructing part or all of the shutter and the door with low yield point steel (for example, LY225), the low yield point steel is plastically deformed by the shearing force borne by the shutter and the garage door, resulting in energy. To absorb. That is, it is good also as a structure which has a function as a damping wall by comprising a shutter or an opening-and-closing door (opening-closing board) part or all by low yield point steel (for example, LY225 etc.).

Note that the low yield point steel is close to pure iron in which additive elements are reduced as much as possible, has a lower strength than conventional mild steel, and has a very high ductility. Also, usually, yield point 225N / mm ² class steels are called low yield steel, of which, 100 N / mm ² class steels are termed mild steel electrode.

  As described above, when the opening / closing plate functions as a damping wall, the load acting on the upper structure portion and the lower structure portion becomes smaller than when the opening / closing plate does not function as the damping wall. Therefore, the load borne by the upper structure portion and the slur lower structure portion is reduced.

  As a result, structural members (upper structural members (beams, vertical walls, etc.), lower structural members (slabs, etc.), pillars, and walls that form the periphery of the opening, compared to the case where the opening / closing plate does not function as a damping wall Etc.) will be less damaged during an earthquake. As a result, the seismic performance of the structure is improved. Alternatively, if the seismic performance of the structure is set to the same level as when the switchboard does not function as a damping wall, the structural members (upper structure, lower structure, pillar, wall, etc.) that form the periphery of the opening ) Strength, rigidity, and deformation performance can be set low (small).

  Note that a part or the whole of the opening / closing plate may be configured with a material having an energy absorbing action other than the low yield point steel, and the opening / closing plate may function as a vibration control wall. That is, it is only necessary that a part or all of the opening / closing plate is constituted by an energy absorbing member capable of absorbing energy by being plastically deformed by a shearing force borne by the opening / closing plate. In addition, as a material (energy absorbing material) other than the low yield point steel, aluminum, an aluminum alloy, or the like can be used.

  Moreover, in an aluminum alloy, it is suitable to use a zinc-aluminum alloy (Zn-Al alloy). That is, the zinc / aluminum alloy has superplasticity. Therefore, vibration energy can be absorbed from minute deformation (minute amplitude) due to wind load, which is a problem particularly in high-rise buildings, to large deformation (large amplitude) due to earthquake load. In addition, since zinc-aluminum alloy does not cause work hardening or strain deterioration, it can maintain stable energy absorption performance over a long period of time. Therefore, it is possible to improve the living performance against wind loads while maintaining the earthquake resistance performance.

  In addition, zinc / aluminum alloys exhibit remarkable elongation like deformation at room temperature by controlling the crystal grain size in nanometer units and making them very fine crystals (nanocrystals). "Normal temperature high-speed superplasticity" develops (see, for example, JP-A-2003-34984). Zinc / aluminum alloys that exhibit such room-temperature and high-speed superplasticity have high strain rate sensitivity, and can follow (deformable) the minute deformation (minute amplitude) caused by wind load, traffic vibration, etc. Can be effectively demonstrated. Therefore, energy absorption is possible from minute deformation (small amplitude) due to wind load, which is a problem in high-rise buildings, to large deformation (large amplitude) due to seismic load, thus ensuring seismic performance more effectively and living Performance can be improved.

When the open / close plate is made of plain steel or low yield point steel, the yield strength increases due to work hardening when plastic deformation proceeds due to seismic load or the like. Therefore, in the second and subsequent deformations, the elastic region may become long. Further, when a repeated load such as wind load is applied for a long time, the strength of the steel may be reduced due to metal fatigue.
In contrast, zinc-aluminum alloys do not cause work hardening or strain deterioration, and do not decrease in strength against temperature rise in the energy absorption process, so they maintain stable energy absorption performance over a long period of time. can do.

  However, in the zinc / aluminum alloy, when local shear buckling occurs, the strain is likely to concentrate on the part as compared with steel and low yield point steel. Therefore, it is desirable to ensure the buckling strength and strength by increasing the plate thickness or attaching ribs. In addition, if a large heat input is applied, the microcrystalline structure of the zinc / aluminum alloy becomes unstable, so that the zinc / aluminum alloy and other members can be joined by bolting without using welding, etc. Attention is required.

  Moreover, in one structure, you may provide both the opening-and-closing plate (shutter and opening-and-closing door) which functions as a damping wall, and the opening-and-closing plate (shutter and opening-and-closing door) which functions as an earthquake-resistant wall.

Further, for example, the opening / closing plate may be guided by a method other than the rail member 200. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, a groove 750 formed at the end of the opening / closing plate 730 is engaged with a column 770 whose upper end and lower end are fixed to the upper structural member and the lower structural member. There may be.
As an example of the fixing means in such a configuration, through holes 752 and 772 are formed in the side wall 751 and the pillar 770 of the concave groove 750, and as shown in FIG. There is a configuration that protrudes and engages with the through holes 752 and 772.
Further, as in the second embodiment, the configuration of FIG. 11 may be rotated by 90 ° to fix the column 770 to the beam 52 (or the hanging wall 51 (see FIG. 2)) and the slab 54.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Needless to say, various embodiments can be implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention.

10 Warehouse (structure)
50 Doorway (opening)
51 Hanging wall (superstructure member)
52 Beam (superstructure member)
53 Beam (superstructure member)
54 Slab (lower structural member)
60 Doorway (opening)
64 Slab (lower structural member)
110 Shutter (opening / closing plate)
120 slats (plate material)
200 Rail member (guide member)
220 Tube (bag, fixing means)
230 Tube (bag, fixing means)
250 Pump device (expansion means, fixing means)
296 engagement hole (engagement part, fixing means)
302 Protruding pin (protruding part, fixing means)
404 Protruding member (fixing means)
710 Open / close door (open / close plate)
730 Opening and closing plate
750 Concave groove 750 (guide member)
752 Through hole (fixing means)
762 pin (fixing means)
770 Pillar (guide member)
772 Through hole (fixing means)
800 Control device (control means, detection means)
810 Detection device (detection means)

Claims (10)

An opening / closing plate that is provided at the opening of the structure and slides up and down to open and close the opening;
Provided on both outer sides of the opening / closing plate in the horizontal direction, guides both horizontal end portions of the opening / closing plate, and joins an upper end to an upper structural member constituting the opening and a lower end to the lower structural member constituting the opening A pair of guide members joined together,
In a state where the opening / closing plate closes the opening, fixing means for fixing both side ends of the opening / closing plate in the horizontal direction to the pair of guide members;
Opening structure structure. An opening / closing plate that is provided at the opening of the structure and slides laterally to open and close the opening;
Provided on both outer sides in the vertical direction of the opening / closing plate, guides both end portions in the vertical direction of the opening / closing plate, one is joined to the upper structural member constituting the opening, and the other is a lower structural member constituting the opening A pair of joined guide members;
In a state where the opening / closing plate closes the opening, fixing means for fixing both ends in the vertical direction of the opening / closing plate to the pair of guide members;
Opening structure structure. The opening / closing plate is composed of a plurality of plates arranged in the direction perpendicular to the sliding direction and arranged in the sliding direction, and the plates arranged in the sliding direction can rotate with each other. Connected to the shutter,
The guide member regulates deformation of the shutter in an out-of-plane direction;
The fixing means fixes the plate members constituting the shutter to the guide members, respectively.
The opening part structure of the structure of Claim 1 or Claim 2. The guide member has a groove-like rail member whose inner side is open,
The rail member is inserted with both end portions in the horizontal direction or both end portions in the vertical direction of the shutter,
The fixing means fixes horizontal end portions or horizontal end portions of the plate members constituting the shutter inserted in the rail member to the rail member.
The opening structure of the structure according to claim 3. The fixing means includes
A bag provided on the rail member;
Inflating means for inflating the bag body and pressing the plate members constituting the shutter and fixing them to the rail member;
The opening structure of the structure according to claim 4 having The fixing means includes
A protrusion provided on any one of the rail member and the plate constituting the shutter;
An engaging portion that is provided on any one of the rail member and the plate member that constitutes the shutter, and the protruding protruding portion engages;
The opening structure of the structure according to claim 4 having Closing means for closing the opening and closing plate;
Detection means for detecting the magnitude of the earthquake shake;
Control means for controlling the closing means and the fixing means;
Have
The control means includes
When it is determined that the earthquake shake detected by the detection means is larger than a predetermined threshold, the closing means is controlled to close the opening / closing plate, and the fixing means is controlled to control the opening / closing plate to the guide. Fixed to the member,
The opening part structure of the structure of any one of Claims 1-6. Closing means for closing the opening and closing plate;
Detection means for detecting the magnitude of the earthquake and the dominant period;
Control means for controlling the closing means and the fixing means;
Have
The fixing means has a function of releasing the fixing of the opening / closing plate to the guide member,
The control means includes
If it is determined that the earthquake vibration detected by the detection means is greater than a predetermined threshold and that the prevailing period of the earthquake is longer than the predetermined period of the structure, the closure Closing the open / close plate in a controlled state and controlling the fixing means to fix the open / close plate to the guide member;
When it is determined that the shaking of the earthquake detected by the detection means is greater than a predetermined threshold value and the dominant period of the earthquake is a short period equal to or less than the predetermined period of the structure, Controlling the fixing means to release the fixing of the opening and closing plate fixed to the guide member;
The opening part structure of the structure of any one of Claims 1-6.   The opening structure of the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a part or all of the opening / closing plate is made of low yield point steel. A structure in which the opening structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is applied to one or a plurality of openings.

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