JP2010249529A - Fader device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a noncontact type fader device which has a simple constitution for specifying a sound volume. <P>SOLUTION: The noncontact type fader device 1 is provided with: an ultrasonic transmission part 5 which transmits a sound wave, the ultrasonic transmission part 5 which receives the sound wave reflected by a reflecting plate 4; a control part 7 which calculates the position of the reflecting plate 4 on the basis of the time from transmission of the sound wave by the ultrasonic transmission part 5 and reception thereof by the part 5 and outputs the result of calculation; and a sound signal mixing part 10 which adjusts the sound volume on the basis of the result of calculation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fader device that adjusts a volume.

  Fader apparatuses equipped with a means for mixing and outputting sound signals acquired from a plurality of systems at a predetermined volume ratio (crossfade) have become widespread in Japan and overseas. FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a conventional contact-type fader device. A conventional contact-type fader device includes a strip-shaped electrical resistor 100 (for example, having a 50 kΩ electrical resistance value due to a carbon film or the like) and a strip-shaped electrical resistor 101 (sufficiently held at a ground (GND) potential). A fader knob 102 that is picked up by a user and linearly moved (slid) by manual operation, a strip-shaped electrical resistor 100, a strip-shaped electrical resistor 101, and a fader A contact 105 (which has a sufficiently small electric resistance value) that electrically connects the knob 102, a sound source 103 that outputs a sound signal, and a sound source 104 that outputs a sound signal are provided. Here, the contact 105 is a conductor such as metal and slides integrally with the fader knob 102. The output terminal of the sound source 103 is connected to the first end of the strip-shaped electric resistor 100. Similarly, the output terminal of the sound source 104 is connected to the second end of the strip-shaped electric resistor 100.

  When the sound signals input from the sound source 103 and the sound source 104 are mixed and output, the volume ratio is determined using the distance “E” and the distance “F” indicating the position of the fader knob 102, that is, the contact 105. Volume ratio = E / (E + F) and volume ratio of the sound source 104 = F / (E + F). For example, when the fader knob 102 is completely slid to the right end (F = 0), the potential of the output terminal of the sound source 104 becomes equal to the ground potential, so the volume ratio of the sound source 104 becomes “0”, and at the same time the volume of the sound source 103 The ratio is “1”. In this way, the sound signals input from the sound source 103 and the sound source 104 are mixed at the volume ratio described above and output from the output unit (not shown). There is also a fader device in which the crossfade curve (volume ratio curve) is further adjusted based on these volume ratios.

  However, since the strip electrical resistor 100, the strip electrical resistor 101, and the sliding fader knob 102 are in contact with each other via the contact 105, the contact 105 is deteriorated due to wear or the like, and the fader knob 102 is slid. In some cases, the sound signal volume ratio cannot be changed normally. Further, when foreign matter or the like adheres to the contact 105 of the fader knob 102, electrical contact is made with the strip-shaped electrical resistor 100, the strip-shaped electrical resistor 101, and the contact 105 that slides integrally with the fader knob 102. A defect occurred, and so-called galling noise was sometimes generated in the output sound.

  In view of this, a non-contact type fader device in which the fader knob does not include a contact has been proposed by positioning the fader knob in a non-contact manner and specifying the volume using an optical sensor, a magnetic sensor, or the like (for example, a patent) Reference 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3).

JP 2003-21541 A JP-A-4-334203 JP 2001-174250 A

  However, for example, the conventional non-contact type fader devices shown in Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3 measure the fader knob in a non-contact manner, thereby improving the durability of the fader knob. There is a problem that manufacturing is difficult because the configuration, that is, the configuration in which a large number of optical sensors or magnetic sensors for positioning the fader knob are arranged side by side becomes complicated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact type fader device having a simple configuration for designating a sound volume.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problem, and a transmission unit that transmits sound waves;
A reception unit that receives the sound wave reflected by the reflector, and calculates a position of the reflector based on a time from when the sound wave is transmitted by the transmission unit to when the sound wave is received by the reception unit. A fader device comprising: a position calculation unit that outputs a sound volume; and a volume adjustment unit that adjusts the volume based on the calculation result.

  The present invention further includes a storage unit that stores a reference waveform, wherein the position calculation unit transmits the sound wave based on a correlation between the reference waveform and the waveform of the sound wave received by the reception unit. It is a fader device characterized by measuring the time from when it is received until it is received. Further, the present invention is a fader device characterized in that the transmitting unit and the receiving unit are arranged adjacent to each other or as the same body. The present invention is also a fader device characterized in that the reflector is provided outside the fader device.

  According to the present invention, since the non-contact type fader device measures the fader knob and the like using ultrasonic waves, it is not necessary to provide the fader knob with a contact, and the durability of the fader knob is improved. In addition, by using a microphone for positioning such as a fader knob, the configuration for designating the volume becomes simple because there is no need to arrange a large number of sensors side by side. Become.

It is a block diagram of non-contact type fader device 1 in one embodiment of the present invention. It is an operation | movement sequence diagram of the non-contact-type fader apparatus 1 in one embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the process which detects a waveform with high correlation with the waveform for reference from a received waveform. It is a figure which shows the absolute value (difference absolute value) of the difference of the quantized value of the received waveform after an averaging process, and the quantized value of a reference waveform, and the sum about n range (for 9 samples). It is a block diagram of non-contact type fader device 70 in one embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of the conventional contact-type fader apparatus.

[First embodiment]
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a non-contact type fader device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The non-contact type fader device 1 includes a guide rail 2, a fader knob 3, a reflector 4 (reflector), an ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5, a DA conversion unit 6, an AD conversion unit 9, a control unit 7, A storage unit 8, a sound signal mixing unit 10, and an output unit 13.

  The guide rail 2 is a slot or the like, and restricts the moving direction of the fader knob 3 to the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 2. The fader knob 3 is picked up by a user and moved (slid) only in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 2 within the range of the guide rail 2 by manual operation. The reflector 4 is provided in the fader knob 3 in a direction facing the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 in order to reflect ultrasonic waves. For this reason, the reflecting plate 4 slides within the range of the guide rail 2 together with the fader knob 3.

  The ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 is, for example, a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) microphone, and includes transmission means (not shown) that transmits ultrasonic waves and reception means (not shown) that receives ultrasonic waves. The ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 is disposed at one end in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 2 so as to face the reflection plate 4. When a transmission waveform signal is input from the DA conversion unit 6, the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 transmits a transmission wave 50 that is an ultrasonic wave toward the reflection plate 4 in accordance with the input transmission waveform signal. The distance “A” and the distance “B” shown in FIG. 1 represent the position of the reflector 4 within the range of the guide rail 2. In particular, the distance “A” represents the distance between the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 and the reflection plate 4.

  When there is no transmission waveform signal input from the DA conversion unit 6, the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 waits for reception of a reception wave 60 that is an ultrasonic wave reflected by the reflection plate 4 and turned back. When receiving the reception wave 60, the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 outputs a reception waveform signal based on the reception wave 60 to the AD conversion unit 9.

  When the transmission means (not shown) and the reception means (not shown) included in the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 are physically separated, the transmission means (not shown) and the reception means (not shown) are adjacent to each other. May be arranged. In this case, in order to prevent AD conversion of ultrasonic waves (unnecessary radiation) received directly from the transmitting means (not shown) to the receiving means (not shown) via the reflector 4, the transmitting means (not shown) During the period of transmitting the transmission wave 50, the AD conversion unit 9 may not perform AD conversion on the received waveform signal.

  The DA conversion unit 6 receives a transmission waveform signal output instruction from the control unit 7 and outputs a transmission waveform signal having a predetermined waveform DA-converted based on the instruction to the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5. When receiving a transmission waveform signal output instruction, the DA converter 6 outputs a transmission waveform signal of one cycle. The AD conversion unit 9 performs AD conversion on the reception waveform signal input from the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 and outputs the quantized reception waveform signal to the control unit 7. Here, based on the sampling theorem (sampling theorem), the AD conversion unit 9 samples (upsamples) the received wave 60 at a frequency higher than the frequency of the received wave 60 and quantizes the received wave 60.

  The control unit 7 instructs the DA converter 6 to output the transmission waveform signal a predetermined number of times in a predetermined cycle. The control unit 7 reduces the noise of the received waveform signal by averaging (averaging) the plurality of received waveform signals input from the AD conversion unit 9. For example, when the received waveform signal is inputted three times in total, the control unit 7 adds the received waveform signals, and averages the received waveform signal by dividing the addition result by “3” (received wave averaging process). . Note that the predetermined period and the predetermined number of times may be determined in consideration of a response speed such as position detection of the reflector 4.

  The control unit 7 outputs the input received waveform signal after AD conversion to the storage unit 8 and stores it in the storage unit 8. In addition, the control unit 7 acquires a reference waveform from the storage unit 8. The control unit 7 detects a waveform having a high correlation with the reference waveform from the reception waveform after the averaging process, and thus the reception and reception of the reception wave 60 is completed after the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 has completed transmission of the transmission wave 50. The time until this is calculated (hereinafter referred to as turnaround time). Details of the calculation method will be described later with reference to FIGS. The control unit 7 determines the volume ratio from the position of the reflector 4 proportional to the turn-back time, and outputs volume data indicating the volume ratio to the sound signal mixing unit 10.

  The sound signal mixing unit 10 mixes (adjusts) the sound signals input from the two systems of the sound source 11 and the sound source 12 provided outside the non-contact type fader device 1 at a volume ratio based on the volume data, The sound signal after mixing (adjustment) is output to the output unit 13. Note that the sound signal mixing unit 10 may mix sound signals with a volume ratio obtained by further adjusting a crossfade curve (volume ratio curve) based on the volume data. The sound signal input from the sound source need not be limited to two systems. In addition, instead of the sound signal mixing unit 10 that mixes the sound signals input from the sound source 11 and the sound source 12, a sound signal of one system from one sound source is input and the volume is adjusted according to the volume data. You may make it provide a part. The output unit 13 converts the input mixed sound signal into sound and outputs the sound.

  FIG. 2 is an operation sequence diagram of the non-contact type fader device 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Here, as an example, it is assumed that the transmission wave 50 (transmission waveform signal) is transmitted three times at a predetermined cycle. The control unit 7 instructs the DA converter 6 to output the transmission waveform signal. The DA conversion unit 6 outputs a transmission waveform signal having a predetermined waveform to the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5. The ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 transmits a transmission wave 50 that is an ultrasonic wave toward the reflection plate 4 in accordance with the input transmission waveform signal. (Step S1). Here, the AD conversion unit 9 may not AD convert the received waveform signal due to unnecessary radiation during the period in which the transmission wave 50 is transmitted.

  The ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 waits for reception of the reception wave 60 when the transmission waveform signal is not input from the DA conversion unit 6 and the transmission wave 50 of one cycle is completed. Here, it is assumed that the ultrasonic wave transmitting / receiving unit 5 has completed reception of the received wave 60 at the turn-back time “T1”. The ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 outputs a reception waveform signal based on the reception wave 60 to the AD conversion unit 9. The AD conversion unit 9 performs AD conversion on the input received waveform signal as described above, and outputs the quantized received waveform signal to the control unit 7. The control unit 7 outputs the quantized received waveform signal to the storage unit 8 for storage (step S2).

  Steps S3 to S4 operate in the same manner as steps S1 to S2. Here, it is assumed that the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 has completed reception of the received wave 60 at the turn-back time “T2” (step S3 to step S4). Steps S5 to S6 operate in the same manner as steps S1 to S2. Here, it is assumed that the ultrasonic wave transmitting / receiving unit 5 has completed reception of the received wave 60 at the turn-back time “T3” (step S5 to step S6).

  The control unit 7 obtains each received waveform signal quantized in step S2, step S4, and step S6 from the storage unit 8, and divides the result of adding the received waveform signals three times in total by “3”. The received waveform signal is averaged. The control unit 7 outputs the received waveform signal after the averaging process to the storage unit 8 and stores it (step S7). The control unit 7 acquires a reference waveform from the storage unit 8, and detects a waveform having a high correlation with the reference waveform from the received waveform after the averaging process (step S8).

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating processing for detecting a waveform having a high correlation with the reference waveform from the received waveform. 3A shows a reference waveform, and FIG. 3B shows a received waveform after the averaging process. Here, the vertical axis indicates the quantization value, and the horizontal axis indicates the quantization sample order. Here, for example, the reference waveform is quantized in advance, and is represented by ref (k) (k is an integer of 0 or more indicating the order of quantization samples). The received waveform after the averaging process is quantized as described above and expressed by mem (n) (n is an integer of 0 or more indicating the order of quantization samples). Here, it is assumed that sampling is started from the timing when the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 completes transmission of the transmission wave 50. One period (k = 0 to 4) of the reference waveform corresponds to 9 samples of n in the received waveform. Note that the number of quantized samples, that is, the upper limit value of n and the upper limit value of k need not be limited to these values.

  FIG. 4 shows the absolute value of the difference between the quantized value of the received waveform after the averaging process and the quantized value of the reference waveform (hereinafter referred to as the absolute difference value) and the sum thereof. In the case of the waveform shown in FIG. 3, when the absolute difference between mem (0) and ref (k) is calculated for k = 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, “| mem (0) −ref (0)” is obtained. ) | = 0 ”,“ | mem (0) -ref (1) | = 2 ”,“ | mem (0) -ref (2) | = 0 ”,“ | mem (0) -ref (3) | = 2 ” “| Mem (0) −ref (4) | = 0” (first line from the top of the table shown in FIG. 4).

  Next, when the difference absolute value between mem (1) and ref (k) is calculated for k = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, “0” “2” “0” “2” “0”, respectively. (Second line from the top of the table shown in FIG. 4). Similarly, the absolute difference value is calculated for mem (2) to mem (8), and the absolute difference value of 9 samples (from the first line to the ninth line from the top of the table shown in FIG. 4) from n = 0 to 8. Are totaled, the total difference absolute value is “36”. Further, the range of n is shifted, and for example, the total value of the absolute difference values of 9 samples from n = 5 to 13 (from the 10th line to the 18th line from the top of the table shown in FIG. 4) is “48”. Similarly, for example, the total difference absolute value of 9 samples from n = 9 to 17 (from the 19th line to the 27th line from the top of the table shown in FIG. 4) is “60”.

  As shown in the waveform of FIG. 3 and “total difference absolute value” in FIG. 4, the reference waveform is in a range of n (n = 9 to 17) in which the total difference absolute value is maximum (“60”). It can be seen that there is a waveform having a high waveform correlation. In this way, the control unit 7 detects a range in which the sum of the absolute differences is maximum, and based on the detection result, the turn-back time “T” (“horizontal position of mem (17)” − “mem (0)”. The horizontal axis position of “)” is calculated (step S8). The correlation waveform detection process shown in step S8 need not be limited to the above-described procedure. For example, the correlation waveform may be detected based on cross-correlation instead of differential correlation.

  Based on the turn-back time “T” calculated in step S8, the control unit 7 determines the position of the reflector 4 (distance “A” from the relationship “distance“ A ”= (sound speed × T) / 2” in FIG. 1). ) Is calculated (step S9). Based on the position (distance “A”) of the reflector 4, the control unit 7 determines the volume ratio of the sound source 11 as, for example, (A / A + B), and outputs it to the sound signal mixing unit 10 as volume data. The sound signal mixing unit 10 mixes sound signals input from the two systems of the sound source 11 and the sound source 12 provided outside the non-contact type fader device 1 at a sound volume ratio based on the sound volume data. The sound signal is output to the output unit 13 (step S10).

[Second Embodiment]
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a non-contact type fader device according to an embodiment of the present invention. The non-contact type fader device 70 includes an ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5, a DA conversion unit 6, an AD conversion unit 9, a storage unit 8, a sound signal mixing unit 10, an output unit 13, a control unit 14, and a display. The unit 30 and the positioning range marker 40 are provided.

  The positioning range marker 40 is, for example, a band-shaped adhesive sticker or the like attached to the non-contact type fader device 70 and is a marker that indicates a range to be measured by the transmission wave 50 transmitted from the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 to the user. The user's finger 24 (reflector) provided at a position corresponding to the guide rail 2 in FIG. 1 corresponds to the fader knob 3 and the reflector 4 in FIG.

  The user can touch the positioning range marker 40 with the user's finger 24 and can further move the user's finger 24 away from the positioning range marker 40. Note that the user's finger 24 does not necessarily need to touch the positioning range marker 40, and is positioned so as to face the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 so that the received wave 60 is received when the volume ratio is changed, and to the positioning range marker 40. It suffices if the user's finger 24 is within the range shown. Further, a reflection plate or the like that reflects sound waves may be attached to the user's finger 24.

  The control unit 14 operates in the same manner as the control unit 7 in FIG. Further, in step S8 of FIG. 2, the control unit 14 determines, based on the calculated turn-back time “T”, from the relationship “distance“ C ”= (sound speed × T) / 2” in FIG. The position (distance “C”) is calculated. The control unit 14 selects any one of the light emitting units 31 to 34 arranged at the position corresponding to the calculated distance “C”, and notifies the light emitting unit 30 of an identifier indicating the selected light emitting unit. When the control unit 14 cannot receive the received waveform signal from the AD conversion unit 9 because the user's finger 24 has moved away from the positioning range marker 40 or the like, the control unit 14 determines the distance “C”. The previous value may be held, and the identifier indicating the selected light emitting unit may be notified to the light emitting unit 30.

  The display unit 30 includes light emitting units 31 to 34 such as LEDs (Light Emitting Diode). The display unit 30 receives the identifier indicating the light emitting unit from the control unit 14, and touches the positioning range marker 40 by causing any one of the light emitting units 31 to 34 corresponding to the identifier indicating the light emitting unit to emit light. The position of the user's finger 24 is notified to the user. FIG. 5 shows a state where only the light emitting unit 33 corresponding to the position of the user's finger 24 emits light. The other blocks shown in FIG. 5 operate in the same manner as in FIG.

  As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the non-contact type fader device uses the sound wave to measure the fader knob or the user's finger. improves. In addition, since the microphone is used for positioning the fader knob or the user's finger, it is not necessary to arrange a large number of sensors side by side, and the configuration for designating the volume becomes simple, so that it is easy to manufacture and inexpensive. It becomes a contact type fader device.

  The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes designs and the like that do not depart from the gist of the present invention.

  The fader knob described in the present invention corresponds to the fader knob 3, the reflector corresponds to the reflector 4 and the user's finger 24, the transmission unit includes the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5, and DA conversion. Corresponding to the unit 6, the receiving unit corresponds to the ultrasonic transmission / reception unit 5 and the AD conversion unit 9, the position calculation unit corresponds to the control unit 7 and the control unit 14, and the volume adjustment unit is , Corresponding to the sound signal mixing unit 10, and the storage unit corresponds to the storage unit 8.

  The present invention is suitable for a fader device that adjusts the volume.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Non-contact type fader apparatus 2 ... Guide rail 3 ... Fader knob 4 ... Reflector plate 5 ... Ultrasonic transmitter / receiver 6 ... DA converter 7 ... Control part 8 ... Memory | storage part 9 ... AD converter 10 ... Sound signal mixing part 11 ... sound source 12 ... sound source 13 ... output unit 14 ... control unit 24 ... user's finger 30 ... display unit 31 ... light emitting unit 32 ... light emitting unit 33 ... light emitting unit 34 ... light emitting unit 40 ... positioning range marker 50 ... transmission wave 60 ... reception Wave 70 ... Non-contact type fader device 100 ... Strip electric resistor 101 ... Strip electric resistor 102 ... Fader knob 103 ... Sound source 104 ... Sound source 105 ... Contact

Claims (4)

A transmitter for transmitting sound waves;
A receiver for receiving the sound wave reflected by the reflector;
A position calculation unit that calculates a position of the reflector based on a time from when the sound wave is transmitted by the transmission unit to when it is received by the reception unit, and outputs a calculation result;
A volume adjustment unit for adjusting the volume based on the calculation result;
A fader device comprising: A storage unit for storing a reference waveform;
The position calculating unit measures a time from when the sound wave is transmitted until it is received based on a correlation between the reference waveform and the waveform of the sound wave received by the receiving unit. The fader device according to claim 1.   The fader device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission unit and the reception unit are arranged adjacent to each other or as the same body.   The fader device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reflector is provided outside the fader device.

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